201240327 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於同步電動機的控制裝置及制動方法。 【先前技術】 -般而s ’使用同步電動機之工具機或運送裝置等 中，在驅動此等機Μ裝置之域產纽礙讀態（按壓緊 急停止開關、同步電動機的驅動控制裝置產生異常、電原 被阻斷等）下，就安全上的觀點來看，必須立即緊急停止同、 步電動機。 以狂 ^緊急停止同步電動_，關示—種使經由 繼電器連接於驅動同步電動機之„元件模組的輸出侧之 電阻短路’並藉由該電阻與同步電動機的内部電阻來消耗 同步電動機的發電電力以制動同步電動機之手法（例如有 下列專利文獻1)。 然而，該專利文獻i所揭示之手法，必須附加 及電阻作為緊急停止·，故存在有轉數增加之課題: 因此’就取代上述專利文獻1之手法而言，係揭示-種同 時恒常地僅使反相器電路的上側開 町糊關70件或是下側開關元 件導通’藉以經由與開關元件形成反向並聯連接之二極體 使同步電動機的輸出短路，並藉由同步電動機的内部電阻 來消耗同步電動機的發電電力並予以制動之方 下列專利文獻2)。 有 (先前技術文獻） (專利文獻） 323175 4 201240327 專利文獻1:日本專利第3279102號公報 專利文獻2:曰本特開平9-47054號公較 【發明内容】 (發明所欲解決之課題） 然而，上述專利文獻2所揭示之手法，為僅藉由同步 電動機之電阻值較小的内部電阻來消耗同步電動機的發^ 電力之手法’因此與域專利文獻丨騎之緊急停止^ :比’存在有從減速開始至停止為止的減速時間較長之問 同+ ’在緊急停止高速旋轉$的同步電動機時，由於 社獻^機之輸出端子間的激發電壓相對較高，所以在專 久後，承1手法巾，'轉在有㈣步電動機職出短路不 中流通之上的過大突波電流會於開關元件或二極體 種可於上述問題而創作者’其目的在於提供-大突波電·=規模的增加，—邊防止承受量以上的過 制裝置及制動:、去70件或—極體中流通之同步電動機的控 (用简決課題之手段） 的控制述課題並達成目的，本發明之同步電動機 相器電路，11，使直流電料滑化；反 述平滑電容器腳聯連接複數個而構成，並將蓄積於前 同步電動機，力轉換為期㈣交流電力而供給至 則述腳部係將使反向並聯連接有開關元件 323175 5 201240327 及二極體之臂部上下地串聯連接而成者；電力消耗電路， 具有串聯連接於開關^件之電阻及二極體的並聯電路，並 進行以該電阻來消耗蓄積於前述平滑電容器之直流電力的 動作；以及控制部，控制前述反相器電路及前述電力消耗 電路的動作，·前述控制部係當停止前述同步電動機時，進 订·將則述反相器電路之上側臂部的開關元件控制為關斷 且同時將下側臂部的開關元件導通（〇n)或關斷⑴之控 制、以及將前述反相器電路之下側臂部的開關元件控制為 關斷且同時將上側臂部的開關元件導通或關斷之控制中的 任一項控制’以將前述平滑電容器進行升壓充電，並且進 行：將前述電力消耗電路的開關元件控制為導通，並藉由 電力消耗電路的電阻來消耗蓄積於前述平滑電容器之^ 電力之控制。 & (發明之效果） 根據本發明，可達到一邊抑制電路規模的增加，一邊 防止承受量以上的過大突波電流於開關元件或二極體中流 通之效果。 【實施方式】 下係參照Μ，制本發_實卿態之同步電 之 =的控制裝置及制動方法。本發明並不限定於以 實施形態。 μ 實施形態1. 第i圖係顯示本發明實施形態i之同步電動機的控制 4置的構成之圖。帛！圖中，同步電動機的控制裝置係具 323175 6 201240327 備直流電源1、平滑電容器2、電力消耗電路、反相写 電路40、平滑電谷器電壓檢測電路19及控制電路2〇而^ 成。 平滑電容器2係連接於作為正側的直流母線之直流母 線25、與作為負側的直流母線之直流母線26之間。 電力消耗電路30係具備電阻3、開關元件4及二極體 11而構成，電阻3及二極體11並聯連接，並聯連接之電 阻3的一端與二極體11的陰極端係連接於直流母線烈， 電阻3的另一端與二極體11的陽極端係連接於開關元件4 的一端（第1圖所例示之IGBT中為集極端）。此外，開關元 件4的另一端（第1圖所例示之IGBT中為射極端），係以連 接於直流母線26之方式串聯連接於電阻3。 反相器電路40係具備開關元件5至1〇及二極體12至 17而構成。β亥反相器電路40中，開關元件5與二極體I?、 開關元件6與二極體13及開關元件7與二極體14的各對 彼此反向並聯連接而構成上側臂部，並且開關元件8與二 極體15、開關元件9與二極體16及開關元件1〇與二極^ 17的各對彼此反向並聯連接而構成下侧臂部。上側臂料 下侧臂部係分別串聯連接而構成丨個腳部。此等腳部係交 置有複數組（圖示中的例子為3組）且並聯連接，各腳部的 -端連接於錄料25 ’切部的[端連接於直流母線 26而構成橋接電路。圖示的例子為3相反相器電路，上側 臂部與下側臂狀連接點有3個，並分細彡纽相器電路 40中的U相端子、V相端子、？相端子。圖示的同步電動 323175 7 201240327 機18為3相同步電動機，通過連接線24連接於U相端子、 V相端子及w相端子，並供給有反相器電路4〇所輸出之交 流電力而旋轉驅動。 接著說明與實施形態1之同步電動機的控制裝置及制 動方法相關之動作。 通常時’控制電路20係將使開關元件5至10導通或 關斷（以下s己載為「導通/關斷」之控制訊號輸出至反相器 電路40 ’反相器電路4〇藉由控制供給至同步電動機18之 電力來驅動同步電動機18。此外，平滑電容器2的電壓係 藉由平滑電容器電壓檢測電路19而檢測出。 在此同步電動機18成為再生（refresh)狀態，當平 滑電容器2的電壓藉由再生電力而上升至預纽定的電壓 、寺控制電路20係將開關元件4控制為導通，並以電 阻3來消耗蓄積於平滑電容器2之能量（充電能量），而進 仃抑制平滑電容H 2的電壓上升之控制。 此外’在緊急停止或急速停止（以下僅稱為「停止」）同 機18時’控制電路2G係進行：將上側臂部的開關 二至7控制為關斷且同時將下側臂部的開關元件8至 =/崎之控制、或是將下側臂部的 =關斷且同時將上侧臂部的開關元件5至7導通/關斷 323175 8 201240327 電流之設定值（或容許值），且因應同步電動機18的電性規 格、以及開關元件5至10及二極體12至17的電流承受量 而預先被設定。一般而言，當降低導通工作比時，可降低 在開關元件5至10或二極體12至17中流通之電流。因此， 開關元件5至10或二極體12至17的電流承受量愈小，愈 可將導通工作比設定為更小。 第2圖係顯示對同步電動機18進行停止控制時，同時 將下侧臂部的開關元件控制為導通時之電流路徑的一例 (某一時間點中的電流流動）之圖。第2圖中，從同步電動 機18流出之電流係藉由u相端子—開關元件8〜二極體16 -V相端子之電流路徑，與U相端子—開關元件二極體 17— W相端子之電流路徑返回同步電動機18。 接著，如f 2圖所示在電流流通之狀態下，同時將下 側臂部的開關元件8至10控制為導通/關斷時，如第3圖 所示’係藉由在同步電動機18的内部所產生之激發電壓 2卜同步電動機18的内部電感22、屬於腳部之一之例 相腳部中之下側臂部的開關元件8、u相腳部中之上 广其他腳部之〜腳部中之下物 -冬體16《W相腳部中之下側臂部的二極體” 成升屋截波電路。因此，當停止同步電動機18時 m滑電容器2予以升愿充電之控制’即可將同^電動 的發電電力移動至平滑電容器2。 猎由上述控制’雖然平滑電容器2的電塵 與上述消耗再生電力之㈣㈣，當平滑電容^的電= 323175 9 201240327 上升至預先設定的電壓以上時，將電力消耗電路3G的開關 讀曰4控制為導通，並以電阻3來消耗平滑電容器2的充 電能量。藉由該控制，可持續以電阻3來消耗同步電動機 18的發電電力’對於同步電動機18可得到更大的制動力。 此外，同B寺將上側臂部的開關元件5至7控制為導通/ 關斷時之升壓截波電路，係成為如第4圖所示者，藉由在 同步電動機18的内部所產生之激發電壓2卜同步電動機 18的内部電感22、屬於腳部之—之例如u相腳部中之上側 臂部的開關元件5、U相腳部中之下側臂部的二極體15、 以及屬於其他腳部之❻腳部中之上側臂部的二極體㈣ w相腳部中之上側臂部的二極體14，來形成升壓截波電 路。因此，即使在同時將上侧臂部的開關元件5至7控制 為導通/’時，亦可持續以電阻3來消耗同步電動機Μ 的發電電力二對於同步電動機18可得到更大的制動力。 在上述停止控制中，當平滑電容器2的電壓上升至預 先設定的電壓以上時，係構成為將電力消耗電路30的開關 兀件4控制為導通’但當停止同步電動機18時，與再生制 動不同，並未判定平滑電容器2的電壓是否上升至預先設 定的電壓以上’而是可配合同時將上侧臂部的開關元件5 至7控制為導通/關斷時，或是同時將下側臂部的開關元件 8至10控制為導通/關斷時，來將開關元件4控制為導通。 如以上所说明，根據實施形態1之同步電動機的控制 裝置及制動方法，當停止同步電動機時，係進行將反相器 電路之上側’的各開關元件控制為關斷且同時將下側臂 323175 10 201240327 酿件導通/_之控制，以將平滑電容器進行升 塗充電’並且進行將電力樣電路的_ 通’並藉由電力消耗電路㈣阻來消耗蓄積於平滑電= 之直流電力之㈣，因此’與僅同時將反相器電路的上側 或下側開關元件導通之停止手法相比，可得到更大的制動 力，而獲得可縮短同步電動機的減速時間之效果。 此外’根據實施形態丨之同步電動機的控制裝置及制 動方法’當停止同步電動機時，係進行將反相器電路之下 側臂部的各關元件控㈣_且同時將上側臂部的各開 關元件導通/關斷之控制，以將平滑電容器進行升壓充電， 並且進行將電力消耗電路的開關元件控制為導通，並藉由 電力消耗電路的電阻來消耗蓄積於平滑電容器之直流^力 之控制目此’與僅同時將反相器電路的上側或下侧開關 元件導通之停止手法相比，可得収大的義力，而獲得 可縮短同步電動機的減速時間之效果。 實施形態2. 實施形態2中，係說明反相器電路4〇所具備之開關元 件及一極體。就反相器電路40中所使用之開關元件而言， 一 I又疋以石夕（Si)為材料之半導體開關元件（igbt、M0SFET 等’以下簡稱為「S i -SW」）’就反相器電路4〇中所使用之 二極體，一般是同樣以矽為材料之半導體二極體（PN接合 型、蕭特基阻障型等，以下簡稱為「Si-D」）。上述實施形 態1中所說明之技術，可使用該一般的Si-SW及Si-D。 另一方面，上述實施形態1之技術，並不限定於此等 323175 11 201240327201240327 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a control device and a braking method for a synchronous motor. [Prior Art] In the case of a machine tool or a transport device using a synchronous motor, etc., in the field where the drive devices are driven, the drive control device that presses the emergency stop switch and the synchronous motor generates an abnormality. Under the viewpoint of safety, the electric motor must be immediately stopped immediately. In the mad ^ emergency stop synchronous electric _, the indication - the short-circuit of the resistance of the output side of the component module connected to the drive synchronous motor via the relay and the electric resistance of the synchronous motor is consumed by the internal resistance of the resistor and the synchronous motor The electric power is a method of braking a synchronous motor (for example, the following Patent Document 1). However, the technique disclosed in the patent document i must be added with an electric resistance as an emergency stop, so there is a problem that the number of revolutions increases: In the method of Patent Document 1, it is revealed that at the same time, only the upper side of the inverter circuit is turned off by 70 or the lower switching element is turned on, so that the diode is connected in reverse parallel with the switching element. The body short-circuits the output of the synchronous motor and consumes the electric power of the synchronous motor by the internal resistance of the synchronous motor and brakes it. The following Patent Document 2). (Prior Art Document) (Patent Document) 323175 4 201240327 Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent No. 3279102 Patent Document 2: 曰本特开平 9-47054 公公公 [Abstract] However, the method disclosed in the above Patent Document 2 is to consume the electric power of the synchronous motor only by the internal resistance of the synchronous motor having a small resistance value. Emergency stop ^ : Compared with the case where there is a long deceleration time from the start of deceleration to the stop + the same as the 'synchronous motor that rotates at a high speed of $ in an emergency stop, the excitation voltage between the output terminals of the machine is relatively high. High, so after a long time, take a hand towel, 'turned in the (four) step motor power out of the short circuit over the large overcurrent current will be in the switch element or diode species can be creators in the above problems' The purpose is to provide - large surge power = = increase in scale, to prevent the over-capacity and braking of the above-mentioned capacity: to control 70 or the synchronous motor circulating in the polar body (using a simple method The control of the problem and the achievement of the object, the synchronous motor phaser circuit of the present invention 11, the DC material is smoothed; the reverse smoothing capacitor is connected in series to form a plurality of components, and will be accumulated in the pre-synchronization The electric motor is converted into a period of (four) alternating current power and supplied to the foot portion, and the switching element 323175 5 201240327 and the arm portion of the diode are connected in series in the reverse parallel connection; the power consumption circuit has a series connection And a parallel circuit of the resistor and the diode of the switch, and an operation of consuming the DC power stored in the smoothing capacitor by the resistor; and a control unit controlling the operation of the inverter circuit and the power consuming circuit, When the control unit stops the synchronous motor, the control unit controls the switching element of the upper arm portion of the inverter circuit to be turned off and simultaneously turns the switching element of the lower arm portion into (〇n) or off. The control of the break (1), and the control of controlling the switching element of the lower arm portion of the inverter circuit to be turned off and simultaneously turning on or off the switching element of the upper arm portion to control the smoothing of the foregoing The capacitor performs boost charging, and performs: controlling the switching element of the power consuming circuit to be turned on, and consuming the electric resistance of the power consuming circuit ^ In the smoothing capacitor of the power control. <(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent an excessive surge current exceeding a tolerance from flowing through a switching element or a diode while suppressing an increase in circuit scale. [Embodiment] The following is a reference to the control device and the braking method for the synchronous power of the present state. The present invention is not limited to the embodiment. μ. Embodiment 1. Fig. i is a view showing the configuration of the control of the synchronous motor according to the embodiment i of the present invention. silk! In the figure, the control device for the synchronous motor is 323175 6 201240327. The standby DC power supply 1, the smoothing capacitor 2, the power consumption circuit, the inverting write circuit 40, the smoothing electric grid voltage detecting circuit 19, and the control circuit 2 are formed. The smoothing capacitor 2 is connected between the DC bus 25 which is the DC bus of the positive side and the DC bus 26 which is the DC bus of the negative side. The power consumption circuit 30 includes a resistor 3, a switching element 4, and a diode 11, and the resistor 3 and the diode 11 are connected in parallel. One end of the resistor 3 connected in parallel and the cathode end of the diode 11 are connected to the DC bus. The other end of the resistor 3 and the anode end of the diode 11 are connected to one end of the switching element 4 (the IGBT illustrated in Fig. 1 is the collector terminal). Further, the other end of the switching element 4 (the emitter of the IGBT illustrated in Fig. 1) is connected in series to the resistor 3 so as to be connected to the DC bus 26. The inverter circuit 40 is configured by including switching elements 5 to 1 and diodes 12 to 17. In the β-inverter circuit 40, the switching elements 5 and the diodes I?, the switching elements 6 and the diodes 13, and the pairs of the switching elements 7 and the diodes 14 are connected in reverse parallel to each other to form an upper arm portion. Further, each of the pair of the switching element 8 and the diode 15, the switching element 9 and the diode 16, and the switching elements 1 and 2 is connected in reverse parallel with each other to constitute a lower arm. Upper arm material The lower arm portions are connected in series to form a foot portion. These feet are placed in a complex array (three groups in the example shown in the figure) and connected in parallel, and the end of each leg is connected to the end of the recording material 25'. The end is connected to the DC bus 26 to form a bridge circuit. . The illustrated example is a three-phase inverter circuit. There are three upper arm and lower arm connection points, and the U-phase terminal and the V-phase terminal in the phase shifter circuit 40 are divided. Phase terminal. Synchronous electric motor 323175 7 201240327 The machine 18 is a three-phase synchronous motor, and is connected to the U-phase terminal, the V-phase terminal, and the w-phase terminal via the connection line 24, and is supplied with the AC power output from the inverter circuit 4〇 and rotated. drive. Next, the operation of the control device and the braking method of the synchronous motor according to the first embodiment will be described. Normally, the control circuit 20 will turn on or off the switching elements 5 to 10 (the following control signals that are "on/off" are output to the inverter circuit 40 'inverter circuit 4" by controlling The electric power supplied to the synchronous motor 18 drives the synchronous motor 18. Further, the voltage of the smoothing capacitor 2 is detected by the smoothing capacitor voltage detecting circuit 19. Here, the synchronous motor 18 is in a refrigerating state, when the smoothing capacitor 2 is The voltage is raised to the pre-news voltage by the regenerative electric power, and the temple control circuit 20 controls the switching element 4 to be turned on, and the energy (charge energy) accumulated in the smoothing capacitor 2 is consumed by the resistor 3, and the smoothing is suppressed. Control of the voltage rise of the capacitor H 2 . Further, 'when the emergency stop or the rapid stop (hereinafter simply referred to as "stop") is the same as the machine 18, the control circuit 2G performs: the switches 2 to 7 of the upper arm are controlled to be turned off. At the same time, the switching element 8 of the lower arm is controlled to ==/saki, or the lower arm is turned off and the switching elements 5 to 7 of the upper arm are turned on/off simultaneously 323175 8 201240327 The set value (or allowable value) of the current is set in advance in accordance with the electrical specifications of the synchronous motor 18 and the current carrying capacities of the switching elements 5 to 10 and the diodes 12 to 17. In general, when the conduction is reduced In time, the current flowing in the switching elements 5 to 10 or the diodes 12 to 17 can be reduced. Therefore, the smaller the current carrying capacity of the switching elements 5 to 10 or the diodes 12 to 17, the more the conduction ratio can be turned on. The second figure shows an example of a current path (current flow at a certain point in time) when the switching element of the lower arm portion is controlled to be turned on when the synchronous motor 18 is stopped. In Fig. 2, the current flowing from the synchronous motor 18 is the current path through the u-phase terminal-switching element 8 to the diode-V-phase terminal, and the U-phase terminal-switching element diode 17-W phase terminal The current path is returned to the synchronous motor 18. Next, as shown in Fig. 2, in the state where the current flows, the switching elements 8 to 10 of the lower arm are simultaneously controlled to be turned on/off, as shown in Fig. 3' By the inside of the synchronous motor 18 The internal excitation voltage of the synchronous motor 2 is the internal inductance 22 of the synchronous motor 18, the switching element 8 of the lower arm portion of the example leg portion of one of the leg portions, and the other leg portion of the u-phase leg portion. In the middle and lower objects - the winter body 16 "the diode of the lower arm in the lower part of the W phase" is a house-lifting circuit. Therefore, when the synchronous motor 18 is stopped, the m-slip capacitor 2 is controlled by the charging of the motor. The electric power generated by the electric motor can be moved to the smoothing capacitor 2. The hunting is controlled by the above-mentioned electric power dust of the smoothing capacitor 2 and the above-mentioned consumed regenerative electric power (4) (4), when the smoothing capacitor ^ electric = 323175 9 201240327 rises to a preset voltage In the above case, the switch read 曰 4 of the power consuming circuit 3G is controlled to be turned on, and the charging energy of the smoothing capacitor 2 is consumed by the resistor 3. By this control, the electric power generated by the synchronous motor 18 can be continuously consumed by the resistor 3, and a larger braking force can be obtained for the synchronous motor 18. Further, the boosting chopper circuit that controls the switching elements 5 to 7 of the upper arm portion to be turned on/off in the same manner as the B-seat is formed as shown in FIG. 4 by the inside of the synchronous motor 18. The excitation voltage 2 is the internal inductance 22 of the synchronous motor 18, the switching element 5 of the upper arm portion of the u-phase leg portion belonging to the leg portion, the diode 15 of the lower arm portion of the U-phase leg portion, and The diodes of the upper arm portion of the upper arm portion of the foot portion of the other leg portion (four) and the upper arm portion of the w-phase leg portion form a boosting chopper circuit. Therefore, even when the switching elements 5 to 7 of the upper arm portion are simultaneously controlled to be turned on, the power generation of the synchronous motor 可持续 can be continuously consumed by the resistor 3, and a larger braking force can be obtained for the synchronous motor 18. In the above-described stop control, when the voltage of the smoothing capacitor 2 rises above a predetermined voltage, it is configured to control the switching element 4 of the power consuming circuit 30 to be turned on, but when the synchronous motor 18 is stopped, it is different from the regenerative braking. , it is not determined whether the voltage of the smoothing capacitor 2 rises above a predetermined voltage', but can be used to simultaneously control the switching elements 5 to 7 of the upper arm to be turned on/off, or simultaneously to lower the arm When the switching elements 8 to 10 are controlled to be turned on/off, the switching element 4 is controlled to be turned on. As described above, according to the control device and the braking method of the synchronous motor according to the first embodiment, when the synchronous motor is stopped, the switching elements on the upper side of the inverter circuit are controlled to be turned off while the lower arm 323175 is simultaneously closed. 10 201240327 The brewing is turned on/_ controlled to charge the smoothing capacitor and perform the charging of the power sample circuit and the power consumption circuit (4) to consume the DC power stored in the smoothing power = (4). Therefore, a larger braking force can be obtained as compared with the stopping method in which the upper or lower switching elements of the inverter circuit are simultaneously turned on, and the effect of shortening the deceleration time of the synchronous motor can be obtained. Further, 'the control device and the braking method of the synchronous motor according to the embodiment ′′, when the synchronous motor is stopped, the respective components of the lower arm of the inverter circuit are controlled (four) _ and the switches of the upper arm are simultaneously The element is turned on/off to control the step-up charging of the smoothing capacitor, and the switching element of the power consuming circuit is controlled to be turned on, and the control of the DC voltage accumulated in the smoothing capacitor is consumed by the resistance of the power consuming circuit. Therefore, compared with the stop method in which the upper side or the lower side switching element of the inverter circuit is simultaneously turned on, a large force can be obtained, and an effect of shortening the deceleration time of the synchronous motor can be obtained. (Embodiment 2) In the second embodiment, a switching element and a one-pole body provided in the inverter circuit 4A will be described. In the case of the switching element used in the inverter circuit 40, a semiconductor switching element (igbt, MOSFET, etc. 'hereinafter referred to as "S i -SW") which is made of Shi Xi (Si) is reversed. The diode used in the phase circuit 4 is generally a semiconductor diode which is also made of germanium (PN junction type, Schottky barrier type, etc., hereinafter abbreviated as "Si-D"). The general Si-SW and Si-D can be used in the technique described in the above embodiment 1. On the other hand, the technique of the first embodiment is not limited to this, etc. 323175 11 201240327
Si-SW 及 Si_D ♦ (SiC)為材料 。/然亦可將近年來受到矚目之以碳化矽 及以碳化石、之半導體開關元件（以下簡稱為「sic_sw」）、 用作:上導體二極體(以下簡稱為「Sic-D」) 矽（Si)材料 電路40的開關元件及二極體，來取代該 、在此就反相器電路40中所使用之二極體而言，相較 '二|交佳係使用以Sic為材料之蕭特基阻障型二極體 (以一下簡稱為「SiC-SBD」）。與Si_D相比，SiC_SBD係可 在冋/皿下使用且導通時的導通電阻較小，所以動作中的損 耗小。 一另一方面，與Sl-D相比，SiC-SBD之峰值突波電流承 文里低，故須妥善對應。關於該峰值突波電流承受量的問 題，在上述實施形態、1的控制巾，可使同時將反相器電路 40之上側臂部或下側臂部的開關元件控制為導通/關斷時 之導通工作比’设疋為比使用S i —D時小即可。若降低導通 工作比，則可抑制緊接於停止控制的開始後所產生之突波 電流，因此可使用SiC-SBD。 上述說明中’係說明使用SiC-SBD作為反相器電路4〇 的二極體之情形，但並不限定於此構成。與Si半導體元件 相比’ SiC半導體元件係可讓較大電流流通，所以關於反 相器電路40的開關元件，較佳亦可使用SiC-SW。 此外，由於SiC半導體元件具有與si半導體元件相比 可讓較大電流流通之性質，因此若可抑制在緊接於停止同 步電動機18之控制的開始後所流通之突波電流，則即使之 323175 12 201240327 後的電流量增大減妨。因此，使用SiC铸體元件 與使用Si半導體元件之情沉相比較，從緊接於停止同 動機18之控制的開始後至抑制突波電流為止之既定時 中’將導通工作比設定為較小，並在之後的_、亦即 該既定時間以後，將導通工作比設定為較大，則在停止 制的絕大部分時間中可增大導通1作比，而能夠得到更： 的制動力，與使用Si半導體元件之情況相比較，更能夠 短同步電動機的減速時間。此外，增大該導通工作栌 制亦可應用在具備Si半導體元件之反相器電路。之控Si-SW and Si_D ♦ (SiC) are materials. It is also possible to use a semiconductor switching element (hereinafter referred to as "sic_sw") which is a carbon carbide and carbon carbide in recent years, and is used as an upper conductor diode (hereinafter referred to as "Sic-D") 矽 ( The switch element and the diode of the Si) material circuit 40 are used instead of the diode used in the inverter circuit 40, and the Sic material is used as the material of the second. A special barrier type diode (hereinafter referred to simply as "SiC-SBD"). Compared with Si_D, SiC_SBD can be used under 冋/dish and has a small on-resistance when turned on, so the loss during operation is small. On the other hand, compared with Sl-D, the peak surge current of SiC-SBD is low, so it must be properly matched. With regard to the problem of the peak surge current withstand amount, in the control napkin of the above-described first embodiment, the switching element of the upper arm portion or the lower arm portion of the inverter circuit 40 can be controlled to be turned on/off at the same time. The conduction work ratio is set to be smaller than when S i -D is used. If the on-operation ratio is lowered, the surge current generated immediately after the start of the stop control can be suppressed, so that SiC-SBD can be used. In the above description, the case where SiC-SBD is used as the diode of the inverter circuit 4A is described, but the configuration is not limited thereto. The SiC semiconductor element allows a larger current to flow than the Si semiconductor element. Therefore, it is preferable to use SiC-SW as the switching element of the inverter circuit 40. Further, since the SiC semiconductor element has a property of allowing a large current to flow as compared with the si semiconductor element, if the surge current flowing immediately after the start of the control of stopping the synchronous motor 18 can be suppressed, even if 323175 12 The amount of current after 201240327 is reduced. Therefore, the use of the SiC cast element is set to be smaller in the timing from the start of the control of stopping the same engine 18 to the suppression of the surge current, as compared with the case of using the Si semiconductor element. And after the subsequent _, that is, after the predetermined time, the conduction work ratio is set to be larger, the conduction ratio can be increased in most of the time of the stop system, and more braking force can be obtained. It is also possible to shorten the deceleration time of the motor in comparison with the case of using the Si semiconductor element. Further, increasing the conduction operation control can also be applied to an inverter circuit having a Si semiconductor element. Control
Sic為針對該能帶隙較Si更大之特性而被稱為 隙半導體之半導體的-例（相對於此，Si係被稱為办 隙半導體）。除了該Sic以外，例如使用氮化鎵 剛石所形成之半導體亦屬於寬能帶隙半導體，此等之^性 與碳化矽類似之處亦多。因此，使用碳化矽以外的其' 月色帶隙半導體之構成亦成為本發明之要旨。 / 此外，由此般寬能帶隙半導體所形成之開關元件或二 極體之耐電壓性高且容許電流密度亦高，故可使開關元7 或二極體達到小型化’藉由使用此等小型化的開關元件或 二極體，亦可使組裝此等元件之半導體模組達到小型化。 如以上所說明，根據實施形態2之同步電動機的控制 裝置及制動方法’在實施形態1之構成及控制手法中，係 將相對於同時控制為導通/關斷之開關元件之導通工作 比’在緊接於停止同步電動機之控制的開始後，毁定為較 既定值更小而進行控制，如此，即使使用寬能帶隙半導體 323175 13 201240327 作為反相器電路的開關元件及二極體，亦可得到能夠抑制 在此等開關元件及二極體中所流通之過大的突波電流之效 果。亦即，藉由使用實施形態2的手法，可得到能夠使用 寬能帶隙半導體作為反相器電路的開關元件及二極體之效 果。 此外，根據實施形態2之同步電動機的控制裝置及制 動方法，係將從緊接於停止同步電動機之控制的開始後至 抑制突波電流為止之既定時間中的導通工作比設定為比之 後的導通工作比小而進行控制，如此可有效地活用下述寬 能帶隙半導體的特性之效果，亦即，雖然峰值突波電流承 受量低但容許電流密度高之特性。 [產業上之可利用性] 如上所述，本發明係適用於可一邊抑制電路規模的增 加，一邊抑制開關元件或二極體中所可能產生之承受量以 上的過大突波電流之同步電動機的控制裝置及制動方法。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖係顯示本發明實施形態卜2之同步電動機的控 制裝置的構成之圖。 第2圖係顯示對同步電動機進行停止控制時，同時將 下側臂部的開關元件控制為導通時之電流路徑的一例之 圖。 第3圖為同時將下侧臂部的開關元件控制為導通時所 形成之升壓電路的說明圖。 第4圖為同時將上側臂部的開關元件控制為導通時所 14 323175 201240327 形成之升壓電路的說明圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 直流電源 2 平滑電容器 3 ' 23 電阻 4至10 開關元件 11 至 17 二極體 18 同步電動機 19 平滑電容器電壓檢測電路 20 控制電路 21 同步電動機的激發電壓 22 同步電動機的内部電感 24 連接線 25 正侧的直流母線 26 負側的直流母線 30 電力消耗電路 40 反相電路 15 323175Sic is an example of a semiconductor called a gap semiconductor for which the band gap is larger than that of Si (in contrast, Si is called a gap semiconductor). In addition to the Sic, for example, a semiconductor formed using gallium arsenite is also a broad bandgap semiconductor, and such a property is similar to that of tantalum carbide. Therefore, the use of a 'moon-moon bandgap semiconductor other than tantalum carbide is also the gist of the present invention. / In addition, the switching element or the diode formed by the wide bandgap semiconductor has high withstand voltage and high current density, so that the switching element 7 or the diode can be miniaturized. Such miniaturized switching elements or diodes can also miniaturize semiconductor modules in which such components are assembled. As described above, according to the control device and the braking method of the synchronous motor according to the second embodiment, in the configuration and control method of the first embodiment, the conduction operation ratio of the switching element that is simultaneously turned on/off is controlled. Immediately after the start of the control to stop the synchronous motor, the ruin is controlled to be smaller than the predetermined value, so that even if the wide bandgap semiconductor 323175 13 201240327 is used as the switching element and the diode of the inverter circuit, An effect of suppressing an excessive surge current flowing through the switching elements and the diodes can be obtained. In other words, by using the method of the second embodiment, it is possible to obtain a switching element and a diode which can use a wide band gap semiconductor as an inverter circuit. Further, according to the control device and the braking method of the synchronous motor according to the second embodiment, the conduction operation ratio at a predetermined time from the start of the control of stopping the synchronous motor to the suppression of the surge current is set to be the conduction after the comparison. The operation is controlled in a small ratio, so that the effect of the characteristics of the wide band gap semiconductor described below can be effectively utilized, that is, the peak surge current withstand current is low, but the current density is allowed to be high. [Industrial Applicability] As described above, the present invention is applicable to a synchronous motor capable of suppressing an excessive surge current exceeding a tolerance amount that may be generated in a switching element or a diode while suppressing an increase in circuit scale. Control device and braking method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a view showing the configuration of a control device for a synchronous motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a view showing an example of a current path when the switching element of the lower arm portion is controlled to be turned on when the synchronous motor is stopped. Fig. 3 is an explanatory view of a booster circuit formed when the switching element of the lower arm portion is controlled to be turned on at the same time. Fig. 4 is an explanatory view of a booster circuit formed by 14 323175 201240327 when the switching element of the upper arm portion is simultaneously controlled to be turned on. [Main component symbol description] 1 DC power supply 2 Smoothing capacitor 3 ' 23 Resistor 4 to 10 Switching element 11 to 17 Diode 18 Synchronous motor 19 Smoothing capacitor voltage detecting circuit 20 Control circuit 21 Synchronous motor excitation voltage 22 Synchronous motor internal Inductor 24 Connection line 25 DC busbar on the positive side 26 DC busbar 30 on the negative side Power consumption circuit 40 Inverter circuit 15 323175