201237432 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 [0001] 本發明涉及一種直流供電絕緣故障偵測電路，尤指 一種可於直流供電運轉中自動線上進行各迴路的漏電檢 測電路。 【先前技搞亍】 [0002] 直流供電系統如當系統内的電池組有外殼破裂、漏 ❹ 液時故障電流會經接地迴流至直流電源侧，易產生電氣 火災的危機’另洩漏電流亦會鲺地網對其它地下的金屬 管路造成電氣腐钕’影響其它舍屬管路的運轉安全，故 >戈漏電流檢測對直流供電系統係為重要之議題。 • [0003] 請參考第1圖所示，然，現今直流供電系統9對漏電 机的檢測方式，都為運用於電力源91設有接地告警裝置 92，來量測供電系統9正端對地的電壓變化及負端對地的 電壓變化，以判斷整體供電系統9是否_對地絕緣劣化 之異常。 ' ❹[0004] 若供電系統9為連結數分路93，於其一分路的發生絕 緣劣化的接地故障94，供電系統9之接地告警裝置^只能 藉ΐ測由供電系統9正端與大地間的電壓差或負端與大 地間的電壓差，檢測該供電系統9發生接地故障Μ來提供 告警訊號，且需停機並對每一分路93進行絕緣檢測，方、 能得知是哪個分路93發生接地故_，而紐達到自動 線上即時㈣告警接地輯94之分路93，更無法即 止接地故障94之分路93的供電。 【發明内容】 100108050 表單編號A0101 第3頁/共17頁 1002013667-0 201237432 [0005] 本發明一種直流供電絕緣故障偵測電路，係為克服 現有供電系統發生接地故障時，無法提供高感度的漏電 流檢測告警，及無判斷接地故障之迴路的缺點。 [0006] 因此，本發明之目的，即在提供一種直流供電絕緣 故障偵測電路包括有數斷電元件、至少一漏電流檢知器 、至少一正電壓暫態補償器及至少一負電壓暫態補償器 :該斷電元件係設於供電系統之各迴路的正電端及負電 端，該漏電流檢知器係設於供電系統之迴路，該正電壓 暫態補償器係連結於供電系統之電力源頭與漏電流檢知 器之間，由一充放電電路及一儲能電路組成；該充放電 電路為一電阻及一單向放電器並聯組成，其充放電電路 一端連結於供電系統之正電端，另一端串聯儲能電路， 其該儲能電路另一端接地，儲能電路由一電阻及一儲能 器並聯組成；該負電壓暫態補償器係連結於供電系統之 電力源頭與漏電流檢知器之間，由一充放電電路及一儲 能電路組成；該充放電電路為一電阻及一單向放電器並 聯組成，其充放電電路一端連結於供電系統之負電端， 另一端串聯儲能電路，其該儲能電路另一端接地，儲能 電路由一電阻及一儲能器並聯組成。上述之正電壓暫態 補償器的充放電電路及負電壓暫態補償器的充放電電路 之電阻，可為數電阻元件串並聯組成，其另單向放電器 可為數單向放電元件串並聯組成；正電壓暫態補償器的 儲能電路及負電壓暫態補償器的儲能電路之電阻，可為 數電阻元件串並聯組成，其儲能器可為數電容元件串並 聯組成。 100108050 表單編號A0101 第4頁/共17頁 1002013667-0 201237432 [0007] k正電㈣怨補償器及負電㈣態補償器有 …、路組態，數正電麼暫態補償器係 統之各迴路，遠社於似& 4 又供電系 、〜、電系統之電力源頭與漏電流檢知 數負電騎態補償器係分別設於供電系統之各 連結於供電系统之電力源頭與漏電流檢知器之間 電電系統之各迴路均設有正電壓暫態補償器及負 電壓暫恶補償器。 [0008] Ο [0009] 正電壓暫態補償器及一負電壓暫態補償器 。又於供電系統之匯、户 檢知^?人 ^KD(: 檢知魏合，亦可達_測漏電流之目的。 g文良現有於直流供電系統對地絕緣劣化的檢 ’貝’的盲點’其利用正電壓暫態補償器之充放電電路的電 ^ ’使健能電路進行充電儲存電能，當漏電流檢知器之 ^出用電側正電端發生對地絕緣劣化時，漏電流可經由 網與U接地，形成漏電流迴流之通路，其儲能器 ❹ 、料向放電器進行玫電，使漏電流檢知器感測通過正電 t負電端之料值_變化，並發出告警訊息或控制 ，電轉截止對供電達到高歧檢測之目的 並=助人貝gp時得知該迴路已發生對地絕緣劣化的異 处=供運轉中進行各迴路的線上即時漏電流告警之功 ^漏檢知器之輸出用電側負電端線路對地絕緣 、匕時；属電机即迴流至負電壓暫態補償器之接地，可 達到相同檢測之目的。 100108050 综上所述 列優點： n鳊號A0101 種直流供電絕緣故障偵測電路， 具下 第5頁/共π頁 1002013667-0 [0010] 201237432 [_] 1.利用電壓暫⑮補償器可使漏電流檢知器達到高感度檢 測之目的。 [0012] 2.各迴路之漏電流檢知器，可自動線上即時告警線路對 地絕緣劣化之情況。 【實施方式】 [〇〇13] β倾帛2及3圖所本發明之錢供電絕緣故障 偵測電路，其包括有： [0014] 數斷電元件2係設於供電系統1之各迴路11的正電端 及負電端，可戴止迴路Μ之供電。 [_] 料«檢知，係㈣設线電祕丨之迴路u ’用於感測該迴路11之漏電流值，當檢測到異常的漏電 Μ時可發出告警訊息或控制斷電元件2截止對該迴路 供電。 數正電壓暫態補償器4係分別設於供電系統1之各迴 路11，連結於供電系統丨之電力源頭12與漏電流檢知器3 之間，由一充玫電電路41尽一儲能電路42組成；該充放 電電路41為一電阻411及一單向放電器412並聯組成其 充放電電路41 一端連結於供電系統丨之正電端，另—端串 聯儲能電路42，其該儲能電路42另一端接地，儲能電路 42由一電阻421及一儲能器422並聯組成。 [0017] 數負電壓暫態補償器5係分別設於供電系統1之各迴 路11，連結於供電系統i之電力源頭i 2與漏電流檢知器3 之間，由一充放電電路51及一儲能電路52組成；該充放 電電路51為一電阻511及一單向放電器512並聯組成其 100108050 表單編號A0101 第6頁/杜π百 ^ 1002013667-0 201237432 [0018] [0019]201237432 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a DC power supply insulation fault detecting circuit, and more particularly to a leakage detecting circuit capable of performing each circuit on an automatic line in a DC power supply operation. [Previous technology] [0002] When the battery pack in the system has a casing rupture or leaking liquid, the fault current will return to the DC power supply side through the ground, which is prone to the crisis of electrical fire. The electrical network corrosion of other underground metal pipelines affects the operation safety of other housing pipelines. Therefore, the detection of the leakage current is an important issue for the DC power supply system. • [0003] Please refer to Figure 1, however, the current DC power supply system 9 detects the leakage motor, and the grounding alarm device 92 is provided for the power source 91 to measure the power supply system 9 to the ground. The voltage change and the negative terminal-to-ground voltage change to determine whether the overall power supply system 9 is abnormal in the ground insulation degradation. '❹[0004] If the power supply system 9 is connected to the sub-router 93, the ground fault 94 of the insulation degradation occurs in one of the branches, and the grounding alarm device of the power supply system 9 can only be tested by the positive end of the power supply system 9 The voltage difference between the earth or the voltage difference between the negative terminal and the earth detects the ground fault of the power supply system 9 to provide an alarm signal, and needs to stop and perform insulation detection on each branch 93, so that it can be known which The branch 93 is grounded, and the new line reaches the automatic line (4) the grounding of the alarm grounding 94, and the power supply of the branch 93 of the ground fault 94 cannot be realized. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 100108050 Form No. A0101 Page 3 of 17 1002013667-0 201237432 [0005] The present invention provides a DC power supply insulation fault detection circuit that overcomes the ground fault of the existing power supply system and cannot provide high sensitivity leakage. Current detection alarms, and the disadvantages of circuits that do not have a ground fault. [0006] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a DC power supply insulation fault detecting circuit including a plurality of power-off elements, at least one leakage current detector, at least one positive voltage transient compensator, and at least one negative voltage transient Compensator: the power-off component is disposed at a positive terminal and a negative terminal of each circuit of the power supply system, and the leakage current detector is disposed in a circuit of the power supply system, and the positive voltage transient compensator is coupled to the power supply system The power source and the leakage current detecting device are composed of a charging and discharging circuit and a storage circuit; the charging and discharging circuit is composed of a resistor and a unidirectional discharge device in parallel, and one end of the charging and discharging circuit is connected to the power supply system. The other end is connected to the energy storage circuit, and the other end of the energy storage circuit is grounded. The energy storage circuit is composed of a resistor and an energy storage device in parallel; the negative voltage transient compensator is connected to the power source and the leakage of the power supply system. The current detecting device is composed of a charging and discharging circuit and a storage circuit; the charging and discharging circuit is composed of a resistor and a unidirectional discharge device in parallel, and one end of the charging and discharging circuit is connected to the power supply. The system negatively charged end and the other end of the series tank circuit, which other end of the tank circuit, the tank circuit composed of a resistor and a parallel accumulator composition. The charge and discharge circuit of the positive voltage transient compensator and the charge and discharge circuit of the negative voltage transient compensator may be composed of a series of parallel resistors, and the other one of the unidirectional discharge devices may be a series of parallel discharge devices; The energy storage circuit of the positive voltage transient compensator and the storage circuit of the negative voltage transient compensator can be composed of a series of parallel resistors, and the energy storage device can be composed of a plurality of capacitors connected in series and in parallel. 100108050 Form No. A0101 Page 4 of 17 1002013667-0 201237432 [0007] k positive electricity (four) resent compensator and negative (four) state compensator have ..., road configuration, digital positive power, transient compensator system , Yuanshe is like & 4 power supply system, ~, power system power source and leakage current detection number negative riding attitude compensator are respectively set in the power supply system connected to the power supply system power source and leakage current detection Each circuit of the electric power system between the devices is provided with a positive voltage transient compensator and a negative voltage temporary malignant compensator. [0008] [0009] Positive voltage transient compensator and a negative voltage transient compensator. Also in the power supply system, the household inspection knows the person ^ KD (: detect the Wei He, can also reach the purpose of measuring leakage current. g Wenliang existing in the DC power supply system to the ground insulation degradation inspection 'Bei' blind spot 'It uses the charge and discharge circuit of the positive voltage transient compensator to make the energy-enhance circuit charge and store the electric energy. When the leakage current detector is discharged to the positive side of the power-side side, the leakage current The grounding and U grounding can be used to form a leakage current return path, and the accumulator ❹ and the material are subjected to the electric discharge to the discharger, so that the leakage current detector senses the change of the material value _ through the positive electric negative terminal and emits Alarm message or control, the power-off limit is for the purpose of high-frequency detection of the power supply and = help the person gp when the circuit has been known to have the ground insulation leakage deterioration = for the operation of the line on the line immediately leak current alarm ^ When the output of the leakage detector is insulated from the ground by the negative side of the power supply side, the motor is returned to the ground of the negative voltage transient compensator, which can achieve the same detection purpose. 100108050 Nickname A0101 DC power supply insulation Barrier detection circuit, with the next page 5 / total π page 1002013667-0 [0010] 201237432 [_] 1. The voltage current 15 compensator can make the leakage current detector achieve the purpose of high sensitivity detection. [0012] 2 The leakage current detector of each circuit can automatically degrade the insulation of the ground alarm line to the ground. [Embodiment] [〇〇13] The invention provides the power supply insulation fault detection circuit of the invention. The device includes: [0014] The number of power-off elements 2 are provided at the positive and negative terminals of each circuit 11 of the power supply system 1, and can be powered by the circuit. [_] Material «Detection, system (4) The loop circuit u' is used to sense the leakage current value of the loop 11. When an abnormal leakage current is detected, an alarm message can be issued or the power-off element 2 can be controlled to cut off the power supply to the loop. The devices 4 are respectively disposed in the respective circuits 11 of the power supply system 1, and are connected between the power source 12 of the power supply system and the leakage current detector 3, and are composed of a charging circuit 41 and a storage circuit 42; The discharge circuit 41 is a resistor 411 and a unidirectional discharger 412 connected in parallel to form a charge and discharge circuit 41. The end is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply system, and the other end is connected to the energy storage circuit 42. The other end of the energy storage circuit 42 is grounded, and the energy storage circuit 42 is composed of a resistor 421 and an energy storage device 422 in parallel. [0017] The plurality of negative voltage transient compensators 5 are respectively disposed in the respective circuits 11 of the power supply system 1, and are connected between the power source head i 2 of the power supply system i and the leakage current detector 3, and are provided by a charge and discharge circuit 51 and an energy storage device. The circuit 52 is composed of a resistor 511 and a unidirectional discharger 512 connected in parallel to form a 100108050 form number A0101 page 6 / Du π 100 ^ 1002013667-0 201237432 [0019] [0019]
[0020] 電路Η—端連結於供電系統1之負電端，另一端串 路52’其_能電路似—端接地，儲能電路 由一電阻521及—健能器似並聯组成。 發月的正電壓暫態補償器4及負電壓暫態補償器5 之充放電雷路4〗、ι；ι 51，可使儲能器422、522經電阻421 521進订充電儲存電能；其單向放電器412、512可於 線路對地絕緣劣化時，讓儲能電路42、52隨即經單向放 電器412、512進行故電。 請參照第3圖所示，運轉中的迴路11若漏電流檢知器 3之輸出用電15側正電端或負電端發生對地絕緣劣化^ 9 時’漏電流可_網與儲能器422、522接地，形成漏電 後迴流之通路’其儲能器422、522經單向政電器412、 512進行放電’使漏電流檢知器3感測到通過正電端及負 電端之電流值差異變化’以發出告警訊息或控制斷電元 件2截止對該轉u的供電，達到高歧制之目的，並 協助人員即時得知該迴路n已發生對地絕緣劣化的異常 〇 請參照第4圖所示，本發明其一實施例，於供電系統 1之匯流排14(DC Bus)設一正電壓暫態補償器4及一負電 壓暫態補償器5，可提供各迴路11漏電流迴流之共用通 路，使漏電流檢知器3順利檢測出漏電流。 凊參照第5圖所示，本發明更另一實施例，其一正電 壓暫態補償器4及一負電壓暫態補償器5，設於供電系統j 之電力源頭11與匯流排14 (dc Bus)間，亦可提供漏電流 100108050 表·單編號A0101 第7頁/共17頁 1002013667-0 [0021] 201237432 迴流之通路。 [0022] 請參照第2、3及6圖所示，本發明之正電壓暫態補 償器4的充放電電路41及負電壓暫態補償器5的充放電電 路51之電阻411、511，可為數電阻元件4111、5111串 並聯組成，另單向放電器412、512可為數單向放電元件 4121、5121串並聯組成，以避免單一單向放電元件4121 、51 21失效造成電壓暫態補償功能失效；正電壓暫態補 償器4的儲能電路42及負電壓暫態補償器5的儲能電路52 之電阻421、521，可為數電阻元件4211、5211串並聯組 成，其儲能器422、522可為數電容元件4221、5221串並 聯組成。 【圖式簡單說明】 [0023] 第1圖：習知直流供電系統利用正端對地及負端對地電壓 檢測接地故障電路圖。 [0024] 第2圖：本發明之直流供電絕緣故障谓測電路圖。 [0025] 第3圖：本發明設置於各迴路之漏電流流向圖。 [0026] 第4圖：本發明設置於匯流排之漏電流流向圖。 [0027] 第5圖：本發明設置於電力源頭與匯流排之間漏電流流向 圖。 [0028] 第6圖：本發明充放電電路及儲能電路由數元件組成應用 圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 [0029] 1.供電系統 11.迴路 100108050 表單編號A0101 第8頁/共17頁 1002013667-0 201237432 [0030] 1 2.電力源頭 14.匯流排 [0031] 15.輸出用電 19.對地絕緣劣化 [0032] 2.斷電元件 3.漏電流檢知器 [0033] 4.正電壓暫態補償器 41.充放電電路 [0034] 411.電阻 4111.電阻元件 [0035] 412.單向放電器 4121.單向放電元件 〇 [0036] 42.儲能電路 421. tm [0037] 4 211 ·電阻元件 422.儲能器 [0038] 4221.電容元件 5.負電壓暫態補償器 [0039] 51.充放電電路 511.電阻 - [0040] 5111.電阻元件 512.單向放電器 - [0041] 5121·單向放電元件 52.儲能電路 〇 [0042] 5 21.電阻 .. 5211.電阻元件 [0043] 522.儲能器 5221.電容元件 [0044] 9.供電系統 91.電力源 [0045] 92.接地告警裝置 93.分路 [0046] 94·接地故障 100108050 表單編號A0101 第9 頁/共17頁 1002013667-0[0020] The circuit end is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply system 1, and the other end of the circuit 52' is electrically connected to the terminal. The energy storage circuit is composed of a resistor 521 and a health device. The positive voltage transient compensator 4 of the lunar month and the charge and discharge lightning path 4′′, ι; ι 51 of the negative voltage transient compensator 5 can cause the accumulators 422 and 522 to charge and store electric energy through the resistor 421 521; The unidirectional arresters 412, 512 can cause the tank circuits 42, 52 to be powered by the unidirectional arresters 412, 512 when the line-to-ground insulation is degraded. Please refer to Fig. 3, when the circuit 11 in operation is discharged to the positive or negative terminal of the leakage current detector 3, the grounding insulation is degraded to the ground. 422, 522 are grounded to form a path for recirculation after leakage, and its accumulators 422, 522 are discharged through the one-way power 412, 512' so that the leakage current detector 3 senses the current through the positive and negative terminals. The difference change 'to send out an alarm message or to control the power-off element 2 to cut off the power supply to the turn u, to achieve the purpose of high disambiguation, and to assist the personnel to immediately know that the circuit n has an abnormality in the insulation degradation to the ground, please refer to the fourth As shown in the figure, in an embodiment of the present invention, a positive voltage transient compensator 4 and a negative voltage transient compensator 5 are provided in the bus 14 of the power supply system 1 to provide leakage current return of each circuit 11 The shared path allows the leakage current detector 3 to smoothly detect the leakage current. Referring to FIG. 5, in another embodiment of the present invention, a positive voltage transient compensator 4 and a negative voltage transient compensator 5 are disposed at the power source head 11 and the bus bar 14 of the power supply system j (dc). Leakage current 100108050 is also available. Table No. A0101 Page 7 of 171002013667-0 [0021] 201237432 Reflow path. [0022] Referring to Figures 2, 3 and 6, the charge and discharge circuit 41 of the positive voltage transient compensator 4 of the present invention and the resistors 411 and 511 of the charge and discharge circuit 51 of the negative voltage transient compensator 5 can be used. The plurality of resistive elements 4111, 5111 are formed in series and parallel, and the unidirectional dischargers 412, 512 can be composed of a series of unidirectional discharge elements 4121, 5121 connected in series and parallel to avoid failure of the voltage transient compensation function caused by failure of the single unidirectional discharge elements 4121, 51 21 The resistors 421 and 521 of the energy storage circuit 42 of the positive voltage transient compensator 4 and the energy storage circuit 52 of the negative voltage transient compensator 5 may be composed of a series of parallel resistors 4211 and 5211, and the energy storage devices 422 and 522 thereof. The capacitor elements 4221 and 5221 can be connected in series and in parallel. [Simple description of the diagram] [0023] Figure 1: The conventional DC power supply system uses the positive-to-ground and negative-to-ground voltage to detect the ground fault circuit diagram. [0024] FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the DC power supply insulation fault prediction circuit of the present invention. [0025] FIG. 3 is a flow chart of leakage currents provided in each circuit of the present invention. 4 is a diagram showing a leakage current flow direction of the present invention installed in a bus bar. [0027] Fig. 5 is a flow chart showing the leakage current between the power source head and the bus bar according to the present invention. [0028] FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an application diagram of a charge and discharge circuit and a storage circuit of the present invention. [Description of main component symbols] [0029] 1. Power supply system 11. Circuit 100108050 Form No. A0101 Page 8 of 17 1002013667-0 201237432 [0030] 1 2. Power source 14. Busbar [0031] 15. Output Electricity 19. Deterioration of ground insulation [0032] 2. Power-off element 3. Leakage current detector [0033] 4. Positive voltage transient compensator 41. Charge and discharge circuit [0034] 411. Resistance 4111. Resistance element [0035 412. One-way discharger 4121. One-way discharge element 〇 [0036] 42. Energy storage circuit 421. tm [0037] 4 211 · Resistive element 422. Energy storage [0038] 4221. Capacitive element 5. Negative voltage State compensator [0039] 51. Charge and discharge circuit 511. Resistor - [0040] 5111. Resistive element 512. Unidirectional discharger - [0041] 5121 · Unidirectional discharge element 52. Energy storage circuit [0042] 5 21. Resistance: 5211. Resistive element [0043] 522. Energy storage 5221. Capacitive element [0044] 9. Power supply system 91. Power source [0045] 92. Grounding alarm device 93. Branch [0046] 94. Ground fault 100108050 Form No. A0101 Page 9 of 17 1002013667-0