TW201233342A - Methods for decreasing the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis, colic, and short bowel syndrome in an infant, toddler, or child - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed are nutritional formulations including predigested fats that can be administered to preterm infants, infants, toddlers, and children for improving tolerance, digestion, and absorption of nutrients and for reducing the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis, colic, and short bowel syndrome. The predigested fats include fatty acid-containing monoglycerides and/or a fatty acid component.

Description

201233342 VI. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a nutritional product containing pre-digested fat and a method for using the nutritional product. More particularly, the present invention relates to infant, toddler and pediatric products comprising a fatty acid containing monoglyceride and/or fatty acid component that provides nutritional benefits including improved digestion, tolerance and nutrient absorption, and reduced necrosis The incidence of enterocolitis, abdominal pain and short bowel disease. For the application of the relevant application, reference is made to US Provisional Application No. 61/428,168, filed on December 2, 2010, filed on December 2, 2010, and US Provisional Application No. 61/428,173, filed on December 29, 2010 U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/428,177, filed on December 29, 2010, and US Provisional Application No. 61/428,177, filed on December 29, 2010, and December 29, 2010 The benefit of the benefit of the '61, 428, 185' is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. [Prior Art] Nutrient liquids and powders (including infant and pediatric formulas) containing targeted nutrients are well known and widely available, one of which provides a single source of nutrition, while others provide supplemental sources. Such nutrients include powders that can be reconstituted with water or other aqueous liquids, as well as concentrated and ready-to-drink nutrient liquids, such as milk or protein based emulsions. These nutrient liquids are especially useful when formulated with selected nutrients. Although breast milk is generally considered to be the best nutrition for newborn babies, not every 161219.doc 201233342 mothers can successfully breastfeed. Breastmilk substitutes (infant formulas) provide complete nutrition and have been shown to meet normal growth and developmental nutritional needs of infants. Unfortunately, a small proportion of infant formula-fed newborns may experience gastrointestinal (GI) intolerance problems, including soft stools, flatulence, necrotizing enterocolitis, abdominal pain, and the like. The problem of GI intolerance can be attributed, at least in part, to incomplete digestion and absorption of nutrients by infants. To address this tolerability problem, some infant formulas exclude lactose as a component' while others replace the intact milk protein with hydrolyzed proteins to reduce the burden on the infant's digestive system. In addition, some formula-fed newborn babies have a much lower rate of fat absorption than breast-fed babies. This difference in fat absorption rate decreases as the baby matures. It is speculated that newborn babies lack lipase and therefore cannot digest and absorb fat as well as breastfed babies who receive lipase from breast milk. The digestive system of premature infants is less developed than the digestive system of full-term infants, which requires more nutrients (calories) than full-term infants to promote growth and development. Medium chain triglycerides (MCT oils) are easily digested and absorbed and are included in preterm formulas to improve formula fat, protein and calcium absorption. However, medium chain fatty acids contained in medium chain triglycerides are not used to re-synthesize triglycerides to form chylomicrons after digestion and absorption of MCT oil. Because many of the fat-soluble nutrients (such as carotenoids and vitamins A, D'E and K) are encapsulated into chylomicrons before entering the systemic circulation, the benefits of MCT oils for fat-soluble nutrient absorption (for growth) And development is also important) may be subject to more restrictions. 161219.doc 201233342 Despite attempts to address (10) and other issues mentioned above in the past, it is desirable to provide good nutritional properties and digestion that provide nutritive benefits similar to breast milk and also provide water-insoluble hydrophobic nutrients. Absorption and infant and pediatric formulations that reduce the incidence of conditions such as necrotizing enterocolitis, abdominal pain and short bowel disease. In addition, it would be beneficial if the formulations were free of stabilizers and in particular no carrageenan. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to nutritional products, and in particular to infant formulas, which comprise pre-digested fats. The pre-digested fat comprises a mono-glycolic vinegar and/or a fatty acid component comprising a fatty acid. These nutritional compositions can be advantageously used to improve the tolerance, digestion and absorption of nutrients (including water-insoluble/fat-soluble nutrients), and to reduce the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis and gastrointestinal ileum. In certain embodiments, the fatty acid component can be in the form of a fatty acid, or in the form of a phosphonium salt or a lock salt of a fatty acid, which provides other benefits of other nutrients. - A method for reducing the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis in infants, young children or children includes identifying infants, children or children susceptible to necrotizing enterocolitis and administering to the infant, toddler or child A nutrient comprising at least 10 Wt% of at least one free fatty acid component, a fatty acid containing monoglyceride, or a combination thereof. Another embodiment is a method of reducing the incidence of abdominal pain in an infant, toddler or child. The method comprises identifying an infant, a child or a child susceptible to abdominal pain and administering to the infant, toddler or child at least one free fatty acid component comprising at least 1% by weight, a fatty acid-containing monoglyceride or a combination thereof Camp 1612l9.doc 201233342 products. Another embodiment is a method of reducing the incidence of short bowel disease in infants, young children or children. The method comprises identifying an infant, a child or a child susceptible to blight and administering to the infant, toddler or child at least one free fatty acid component comprising at least 10% by weight of a fatty acid containing fatty acid or a combination thereof. Nutritional Products It has been found that nutrients (such as infants, toddlers, and pediatric formulas) containing pre-digested fats (such as monoglycerides and fatty acids as described herein) can reduce the overall burden of the baby's fat digestive system to improve infant fat digestion. And absorption, including the absorption of water-insoluble/fat-soluble nutrients. In particular, the absorption of pre-digested fat in the proximal part of the small intestine stimulates CCK secretion, which promotes pancreatic alpha-cell maturation and digestive enzyme secretion. In addition, GLP-1 and GLP-2 secretion are stimulated. This further promotes intestinal maturation. Surprisingly, the use of pre-digested fat and subsequent secretion of CCK and GLP-1 delays GI transport and stimulates pancreatic enzyme secretion to allow nutrient digestion and absorption to be more complete. A decrease in the amount of nutrients entering the infant's colon leads to a decrease in colonic fermentation, which is partly responsible for the problem of flatulence and soft stools. In addition, the use of pre-digested fat has been found to reduce the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis, abdominal pain and/or short bowel disease. In addition, it has been discovered that the pre-digested fatty unsaturated fatty acid component can be reacted with a calcium or magnesium source and the resulting salt is surprisingly bioavailable. In addition to providing a good source of calcium or magnesium, these calcium or magnesium salts are also surprisingly milder than fatty acids which generally have a bitter taste and impart a strong burning sensation in the throat. In addition, it has been found that fatty acid calcium or magnesium salts surprisingly act to stabilize the emulsion of 161219.doc 201233342 'this is because it does not form sediments that are difficult to disperse in the emulsion'. Many insoluble calcium salts. Thus, in various embodiments, the inclusion of a fatty acid calcium or magnesium salt as part of the pre-digested fat may reduce the need for stabilizers such as keratin. [Embodiment] The nutritional products described herein include pre-digested fat. In various embodiments, the products comprise a fatty acid containing monoglyceride and a fatty acid component such that the pre-digestible fat system comprises two components. By reducing the burden on the digestive system of infants, toddlers or children, multiple benefits can be realized while providing a stable bioavailable product. These and other features of the nutritional product, as well as a variety of variations, as appropriate, and some of the additions are described in detail below. The terms "sterilization dad package" and "sterilization dad sterilization" are used interchangeably herein and, unless otherwise stated, refer to filling a container with a nutrient liquid (most preferably a metal can or other similar package) and then filling the liquid with liquid. The package is subjected to the necessary thermal sterilization steps to form a common operation of the sterilized sterilizer-encapsulated nutritional liquid product. Unless otherwise established, the term "aseptically packaged" as used herein does not rely on the above described sterilization step to produce a packaged product in which the nutritional liquid and package are separately sterilized prior to filling and subsequently subjected to sterilization or aseptic processing conditions. Combine to form a sterilized, aseptically packaged nutritional liquid product. "Unless otherwise stated, the term "fat" as used herein and used interchangeably refers to a phytochemical derived from or processed by a plant or animal. These terms also encompass synthetic lipid materials as long as the 161219.doc 201233342 substance is suitable for human oral administration. The term "storage stable" as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, means that it is packaged and subsequently stored at 18_24t: for at least 3 months (including from about 6 months to about 24 months) and also contains about 12 months to about Commercially stable nutritional products after 18 months). The terms "nutritional formulation" or "nutraceutical" or "nutritional composition" as used herein are used interchangeably and, unless otherwise indicated, mean liquid and solid (including semi-liquid and semi-solid) human milk fortifiers, liquids. And solid preterm formula, liquid and solid infant formula, liquid and solid second stage formula, liquid boat and solid pediatric formula, and liquid and solid infant formula. The solids can be a powder that can be reconstituted to form a nutrient liquid, all of which include one or more of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates and are suitable for oral administration to humans. The term "nutritional liquid" as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, refers to a nutrient in the form of a ready-to-drink, in a concentrated form, and a nutritional liquid prepared by reconstituting the powder of the form (4) herein prior to use. The term "nutritional powder" as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, refers to a nutrient in a flowable or self-contained form that can be reconstituted with water or another aqueous liquid prior to administration' and includes spray drying and dry mixing/dry mixing. Powder Unless otherwise stated, the term "baby" used in the term "Just" refers to a person who is older or younger. The term "premature baby" as used in this article is an infant born before 36 weeks of pregnancy. Unless otherwise stated, the term "young child" as used herein, as used herein, means 1612l9.doc 201233342 to three years old. The term "child" as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, refers to a person between the ages of three and twelve. Unless otherwise stated, the term "pre-digested fat" as used herein refers to a monoglyceride and/or fatty acid component containing a fatty acid. - The term "infant formula" as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, refers to liquid and solid nutritional supplements suitable for use as a primary source of nutrients for infants. Unless otherwise stated, the term "preterm formula" as used herein is a liquid and solid nutrient σσ 0 that is suitable for use as a primary source of nutrition for preterm infants. Unless otherwise stated, the term "human milk fortifier" is used herein. Liquid and solid nutritional supplements that are suitable for mixing with breast or premature formula or infant formula for preterm or full-term infants. The term "monoglyceride containing a fatty acid" as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, refers to one of the positions of Sn-Wa, 8η·2(β) or Sn_3(a,) of a glycerol molecule via an ester bond. A glyceride consisting of a fatty acid bond covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule. The term "fatty acid component" as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, refers to a free fatty acid or fatty acid salt derived from a source in which the total amount of myristic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid is less than 2% by weight (by weight). Such as fat or magnesium salt). Λ Unless otherwise stated, the term "fat-soluble nutrients" as used herein refers to water-insoluble nutrients such as oil-soluble (fat-soluble) vitamins (eg vitamins A, D, £ and 1 (:), carotenoids (eg Lutein, 161219.doc 201233342 β 萝 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Each of the numerical values and numerical sub-sets are intended to be included within the scope of the disclosure. In addition, the numerical range should be construed as supporting the claim of any value or sub-set of the range. For example, the disclosure of 1 to 10 should be It is understood to support the range of 2 to 8, 3 to 7, 5 to 6' 1 to 9, 3.6 to 4.0, 3.5 to 9·9, etc. Unless otherwise stated or clearly contradicted in the context of the reference, otherwise All singular features or limitations of the singular singular singular singular singular singular singular singular singular singular singular singular singular singular singular singular singular singular singular singular singular singular Or process step combination The various embodiments of the nutritional products of the present invention may also be substantially free of any of the conditions described herein or selected components or features that are limited to the rest of the article! The nutrient should still contain as herein All the required ingredients or characteristics are described. In this context, 'unless otherwise stated', the term "substantially absent" means that the selected nutrient contains less than the functional amount of the component as the case exists, generally less than the weight / 〇 (Including less than 〇 5% by weight 'containing less than 〇 重量 % by weight and also containing 丨 by weight %) of the conditionally present or selected ingredients. Nutrients and methods may include product elements as described herein and Or otherwise suitable for, or consist essentially of, any of the elements of the nutritional and method application. Product form 161219.doc -10- 201233342 The pre-digested fat containing nutrient of the present invention Related methods can be formulated and performed in any form of oral product known or otherwise suitable. Any solid, semi-solid, liquid, semi-liquid or powder form (including combinations thereof) Variants are hereby incorporated by reference to the extent that the <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; Fat. These products may optionally contain a combination of fatty acid-containing monoglycerides or fatty acid components with other fat sources as described below. Products such as Hai may contain the ingredients described herein and are safe and effective for oral administration. Any of the product forms. The nutritional products may be formulated to contain only the ingredients described herein, or may be modified with the ingredients as appropriate to form a plurality of different product forms. The nutritional products of the present invention are preferably formulated as dietary products. Forms thereof are defined herein as such embodiments of the compositions of the present invention in the form of a product which thus contains at least one of fats, proteins and carbohydrates, and preferably also vitamins, minerals or combinations thereof. In various embodiments, the product will include a combination of pre-digested fat with protein, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals to produce a nutritional product. One such nutraceutical may be formulated with a sufficient variety and amount of nutrients to provide a single primary or supplemental source of nutrition, or to provide an individual dedicated to a particular disease or condition or a nutritional product having a targeted nutritional benefit. By way of example, specific non-limiting examples of product forms suitable for use with the pre-digested fats disclosed herein include liquid and powdered human milk fortifiers, liquid and powdered preterm formulas, liquid and powdered infant formulas, I6l2l9 .doc •11 · 201233342 Liquid and powdered ingredients and semi-element formulas, liquid and powdered pediatric formulations, and liquid and powdered infant formulas. Nutrient Liquids Nutrient liquids contain concentrated and ready-to-eat nutrient liquids. These nutrient liquids are most commonly formulated as suspensions or emulsions. Suitable nutritional emulsions can be aqueous emulsions containing proteins, fats and carbohydrates. The emulsions are typically flowable or drinkable liquids at about to about 25 ° C and are typically in the form of oil-in-water, water-in-oil or complex aqueous emulsions. However, such emulsions most generally have a continuous aqueous phase and discontinuous The oil phase is in the form of an oil-in-water emulsion. The nutritional emulsion can be stable to storage and generally stable to storage. These nutritional emulsions typically contain up to about 95 weight percent based on the weight of the nutritional emulsion. The water of the crucible includes from about 50% by weight to about 95% by weight of rhodium, and also includes from about 60% by weight to about 90% by weight of 'and also including from about 7% by weight to about 88% by weight of water. The nutritional emulsion can have a variety of product densities, but most typically has a density greater than about 丨〇3 g/ml 'including greater than about 1.04 g/mi, including greater than about 1.055 g/ml' including from about 1.06 g/ml to about 1.12 g. /ml, and also includes from about 1.085 g/ml to about 1.10 g/ml. The nutritional emulsion can have a caloric density tailored to meet the nutritional needs of the end user's. However, in most cases the emulsions typically comprise at least 19 kcal/fl oz (660 kcal/liter), more typically about 2 〇. Kcal/fl oz (675-680 kcal/litre) to approximately 25 kcal/fl 〇z (820 kcal/litre), and even more generally approximately 20 kcal/fl 〇z (675-680 kcal/litre) to Approximately 24 kcal/fl oz (800-810 kcal/litre). In general, 22-24 kcai/n 〇z (74〇_81〇161219.doc -12- 201233342 kcal/litre) formula is more commonly used in preterm or low birth weight infants, and 20-21 kCal/fl OZ (675-680 to 7 〇〇 kcal / liter) formula is more commonly used in term infants. In certain embodiments, the emulsion can have a caloric density of from about 1 kilocalyptus per liter to about 660 kilocalories per liter, including from about 15 kilocalories per liter to about 5 kilocalories per liter. The nutritional emulsion may have a 1) 11 value in the range of from about 3.5 to about 8, but most advantageously from about 4.5 to about 7.5, including from about 55 to about 7.3, including from about (a) to about 7.2. While the amount of nutritional emulsion to be administered can vary depending on a variety of variables, typical dosages will generally be at least about 2 mL, or even at least about 5 mL, or even at least about 10 mL, or even at least about 25 〇1 including about 2 mL to about The range of 3(9) is about 4 mL to about 250 mL, and includes about 1 〇mL to about 240 mL. As noted above, the nutritional product may also be in a semi-liquid form, including such forms in which the properties (such as flow characteristics) are intermediate (between the liquid and the solid). Examples of non-volatile semi-liquids include viscous shakes and liquid gels. Nutritional Solids The nutritional solids can be in any solid form, but are generally in the form of a flowable or substantially flowable particulate composition, or at least a particulate composition. Especially suitable. The nutritional solid product form comprises a spray dried, poly, knot or dry blended powder composition. The compositions can be readily consulted or measured similarly to other devices wherein the compositions can be readily reconstituted by the intended user with a suitable aqueous liquid (typically water) to form a nutritional formulation for immediate use. Oral or enteral use. In this context, "immediately" is usually used within the meaning of I61219.doc 201233342, which is preferably within about 48 hours after recovery, most typically within about 24 hours. The nutritional powder can be reconstituted with water prior to use to a caloric density tailored to meet the end user's nutritional needs. However, in most cases the powder is reconstituted with water to form at least 19 kcal/fl oz (660 kcal/liter). )' More generally about 20 kcal/fl 〇z (675-680 kcal/litre) to about 25 kcal/fl oz (820 kcal/liter)' or even more generally about 20 kcal/fl OZ (675-680) From kcal/liter to a composition of about 24 kcal/fl 〇z (800-810 kcal/liter). In general, 22-24 kcal/fl oz (740-8 10 kcal/litre) formula is more commonly used in premature or low birth weight infants, and 2〇_21 kcal/fl oz (675-680 to 700 thousand) Card/liter formula is more commonly used for term infants. In some embodiments, the reconstituted powder can have a caloric density of from about 5 kcal/liter to about 66 kcal/liter, including about! 〇〇 kcal / liter to about 5 〇〇 kcal / liter. As noted above, the nutritional product may also be in a semi-solid form, including such forms as properties (such as stiffness) in the intermediate state (between the solid and the liquid). Some semi-solid examples include puddings, gelatin, and creams. Pre-digested fat system A. Monoglyceride containing fatty acid. In certain embodiments, the nutritional product of the present invention comprises (tetra)(tetra)decanoic acid#oil_, ^ alone or in combination with the fatty acid component as described in 1. Brewed glycerin. Monoglyceride, which is designed to form a normal flushing plate in the body when triglyceride is brewed and decomposed along the disaccharide. (The metabolite. As mentioned, the monoglyceride containing the fat can be separated from the fatty acid. A combination of a knife (such as fat 161219.doc 201233342 and/or a fatty acid salt as described below) is included in the nutrient or may be included in the nutrient in the absence of the fatty acid component. The fatty acid-containing monoglyceride may comprise a fatty acid having a chain length of 4 to 22 carbon atoms, including a fatty acid having a chain length of 14 to 20 carbon atoms, and includes palmitic acid (16 carbon atoms). Particularly preferred is a monoglyceride wherein at least 70% of the fatty acids in the monoglyceride are located at the Sn-Ι position and include at least about 70% palmitate at the 811_丨 position (also referred to as the alpha position). The residue of monopalmitin comprises at least about 80% at the Sn_i position and includes from about 85% to about 100% at the sn-1 position. Further, in certain embodiments, the nutrition described herein The monoglyceride contained in the product may include trace amounts of diglyceride Oil ester, free glycerol and/or free fatty acid. As used herein, the term "trace" means an amount not exceeding 1 〇 wt% 'but more typically less than 7.5 wt%. In a particular embodiment, in a nutraceutical The monoglyceride (and optionally the fatty acid component as discussed below) is supplied to the product, either partially or completely via the use of hydrolyzed lard or hydrolyzed animal fat. Lard, animal fat and other animal based products may be added to the nutrient. The nail is hydrolyzed by the pancreatic lipase to a monoglyceride and a fatty acid. Alternatively, the lard or tallow can be hydrolyzed - incorporated into the nutrient to produce a monoglyceride and a fatty acid which can be incorporated into the nutrient. Lard, tallow or hydrolyzed lard or tallow may provide a portion or all of the monoglycerides and/or fatty acids in the nutrient. In another embodiment, the monoglyceride in the nutrient is partially or completely derived Oils such as vegetable oils, aquatic animal oils, fish oils, seaweed oils, fungal oils, tree bribes, and combinations thereof. For example, suitable vegetable oils include olive 161219.doc 15· 201233342 oil, canola Oil (canola oil), corn oil, palm oil, soybean oil, and combinations thereof. The fatty acid-containing monoglyceride is present in an amount of at least about 10% by weight based on the fat component contained in the nutritional product. The nutrient comprises at least about 15% by weight based on the fat component contained in the nutrient, and comprises at least about 20% by weight of the fat component contained in the nutrient, including the fat component contained in the nutrient. From 12% by weight to 45% by weight, including 15% by weight to 25 parts by weight, and including about 10% by weight, including about 5% by weight, including about 2% by weight, including about 25 weights. Including about 3 〇 weight. /. And further comprising about 35 weights per ounce, or even about 40 weight percent, or even about 50 weight percent, or even about 6 weight percent. Or even as much as 70 weight. /〇, or even about 80 weight. /〇, or even about 90% by weight 'or even about 100% 〇/〇. In a particular embodiment, when the nutritional product is a nutritional powder comprising about 28% (by weight of the nutritional powder) of the fat component, the fatty acid-containing monoglyceride Sa is about 1 〇 ° /. The content (by weight of the fat component) is present, or about 2.8 grams of the fatty acid monoglyceride per 100 grams of nutritional powder. In another special embodiment, when the nutritional product is a ready-to-eat nutritional liquid comprising about 3.67% (by weight of the ready-to-feed nutritional liquid) of the fat component, the fatty acid-containing monoglyceride is about 10% (by fat). The content of the component is present in the amount of, or about 367 grams of the nutrient-containing nutrient liquid per gram of the monoglyceride containing the fatty acid. In another specific embodiment, when the nutrient is comprised, it comprises about 7.34 ° /. (to concentrate

161219.doc 'when raising liquid, the weight of the part is included. ·16· 201233342 a quantity is present, or about 0.734 grams of lipopolyglycerol containing fatty acid per gram of concentrated camp soil s lip liquid. a brother 3 book: In addition to the various benefits listed above, it has also been found that fatty acid-containing glycerol vinegar has antiviral and/or antibacterial activity in the nutritional product. In particular, it has been found that the presence of a monoglyceride containing a fat in a nutritional product can kill the pathogen and/or slow its replication. B. Fatty acid component In addition to or in place of the above-mentioned fatty acid-containing monoglyceride 8, the nutritional product of the present invention may comprise a fatty acid component containing a fatty acid as a pre-digested fat system. Part of it. Fatty acids are normal metabolites that are formed in the body when they are decomposed in fats (triglycerides, diglycerides, cholesterol esters, and certain phospholipids). The fatty acid component is independent and different from the monoglyceride containing fatty acids discussed above. Any fatty acid that is beneficial in the nutritional product can be included in the nutritional product as part of the pre-digested fat system. In one embodiment, the fatty acid is an unsaturated free fatty acid. In certain embodiments comprising unsaturated free fatty acids, the total amount of unsaturated free fatty acids having a chain length of more than 14 carbon atoms is less than 15 wt%. Exemplary fatty acids suitable for inclusion in the nutrients described herein include, but are not limited to, arachidonic acid, linoleic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, octadecanoic acid, oleic acid, twenty carbon Dilute acid, mead acid, erucic acid, nervonic acid, and mixtures and combinations thereof. Particularly preferred fatty acids include arachidonic acid, linoleic acid, linoleic acid, docosahexaenoic acid and oleic acid. The fatty acid component contained in the pre-digested fat system includes those derived from oils such as 161219.doc 201233342 oil, aquatic animal oil, fish oil, algae oil, fungal oil, animal fat, animal fat isolates, and combinations thereof. Fatty acid component. For example, suitable vegetable oils include olive oil, fennel seed oil, corn oil, soybean oil, and combinations thereof. In one embodiment, when animal fat is used, the fatty acid is obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of lard or tallow, and the content of the shed acid and stearic acid in the resulting fatty acid mixture is reduced to less than 20% of the total fatty acid. Includes less than 2% of total fatty acids. In another embodiment, at least some of the fatty acids are derived from soybean oil or a resin. Once derived from the oil source, the fatty acid is substantially free of monoglycerides, diglycerides, and triglycerides. The fatty acid will typically be derived containing less than about 20°/. (by weight) source oil of palmitic acid and / or stearic acid and / or myristic acid. In certain embodiments, the fatty acid will be derived from containing less than about 15% by weight, including less than about 10% by weight, including less than about 5% by weight, and including less than 2% (in terms of Weight) palmitic acid and / or source of stearic acid and / or myristic acid. In a particular embodiment, the fatty acid is derived from less than about 20% by weight of &apos; including about 10°/. (by weight) to about 15% by weight of palmitic acid and/or source of stearic acid and/or myristic acid. In another particular embodiment, the nutritional product comprises palmitic acid in an amount of less than about 10% by weight, based on total fatty acids. In certain embodiments, the nutritional product may comprise a fatty acid in the form of a salt; that is, the fatty acid may be added to the nutritional product in the form of a fatty acid salt. In a suitable embodiment, the fatty acid is added to the nutritional product in the form of a fatty acid calcium salt, a fatty acid magnesium salt or a conjugate thereof. Fatty acid salts can be prepared by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure herein. 161219.doc -18-201233342. In a suitable process, the emulsion gamma comprising the Ci(R) fatty acid calcium salt is prepared by first preparing a fatty acid salt by using several starting calcium sources mixed with at least one of the fatty acid sources. More specifically, the starting source of the CI0-C24 fatty acid in the form of a diglyceride blend or free form can be contacted by calcium hydroxide and/or calcium carbonate and/or calcium phosphate. And formed. In another method, a triglyceride blend or a free form of C, Q_C24 fatty acid can be prepared by contacting CaCl2 or Ca(AcO)2 with a 1311 value of from 6 to about 7.5. The above process can be carried out under an inert atmosphere, for example under helium or argon. In any of the other examples, any of the disclosed methods can be carried out under ambient conditions (e.g., where the reaction is not carried out under a low oxygen atmosphere). The source comprising the C10-C24 fatty acid and the source of calcium can be mixed by any method known in the art. "Mixing" is not meant to imply a particular mixing result, such as the dissolution of any component to a particular degree or formation of a particular composition (such as a homogeneous mixture), but such mixtures may be produced and some of the components may be dissolved by mixing. Mixing can be dramatic and can be done manually or by mechanical means such as, but not limited to, a static mixer, a magnetic stirrer, an oscillator, a rotator or a rotating device. Mixing can be carried out by forcing a gas through the mixture or by bubbling the gas through the mixture or by sonication.

The Cio C24 fatty acid source can be mixed with the calcium source for at least 1 minute. Mixing can also be performed at least 5, 15, 2, 25, 3, 35 4, 45, 5, 55, 60, 65, 7, 75, 8, 8, 9, % or ι Minutes, any of which may form an upper or lower end if appropriate. Mixing can be carried out at various temperatures, but the method is generally performed at high temperatures 161219. Doc 201233342 Health. The exact elevated temperature may depend on C1 (a particular starting source of rC24 fatty acid or calcium and its amount. Suitable temperatures at which the disclosed mixing can be carried out include, but are not limited to, from about 4 ° C to about 100 ° c, from about to about 100 ° C, about 15 ° C to about 100 ° C, or about 20 ° C to about 70 ° C. Containing C 〇 -C24 fatty acid or calcium source can also be heated before mixing. This preheating step can be Performed at any temperature or temperature range as described herein. In certain embodiments, the mixing of 'C 10-(:24 fatty acid and calcium) can be carried out under reduced pressure. Suitable pressure is less than or equal to about 1 Torr or Less than or equal to about 0. 1 Torr. In a preferred embodiment, the C1()-C24 fatty acid calcium salt is obtained by adding free C1()-C24 unsaturated fatty acid and a calcium source such as Ca(otl)2, CaCl2, CaC〇3, calcium citrate or A mixture of equal salts) is prepared to form an oil blend. More specifically, the fatty acid is dissolved in a warm aqueous solution (e.g., having a temperature of from about 40 ° C to about 80 ° C). The pH of the solution can be adjusted to a pH of typically about KOH using KOH or NaOH. Calcium is then added to the dissolved fatty acid-containing solution. The fatty acid and calcium are typically allowed to stand for 1 minute to ensure complete reaction between the fatty acid and the calcium ion. The mixture is then homogenized to form an oil exchange compound. In another preferred embodiment, a mixture of fatty acid calcium salts (including fatty acids from fish oil, algae oil, fungal oil, and soybean oil) is prepared as part of the pre-digested fat system. Fish oil, algae oil, fungal oil and soybean oil are mixed together and hydrolyzed by potassium hydroxide under a nitrogen blanket. A calcium source (such as calcium carbonate) is then added to the mixture to react with the fatty acid to produce 161,219. Doc -20- 201233342 Raw insoluble fatty acid calcium salt. These insoluble fatty acid salts can be separated by a transition and washed with water, followed by vacuum drying. It has been surprisingly found that although fatty acid salts (such as fatty acid calcium salts) are generally insoluble in nutrients', they do not settle in solution to form a sediment layer that is difficult to redisperse. Thus, the use of fatty acid calcium salts and/or fatty acid salts allows for better calcium/magnesium delivery' and in various embodiments eliminates the need for other stabilizers, such as horns and vegetables, so that the product can be substantially or Completely "no angle and vegetable glue". Thus, the use of fatty acid salts improves the bioavailability of calcium and/or magnesium and fatty acids compared to products that use calcium phosphate or calcium carbonate as the source of calcium. Furthermore, it has been found that the use of fatty acid salts in the nutritional products of the present invention provides bioavailable fatty acids such as arachidonic acid (ARA) and analogs thereof, which are shown to enhance infant growth. The use of pre-digested fat also provides a milky nutritional supplement with improved product stability and long shelf life. The nutritional product typically comprises at least about 10% by weight of the fatty acid or fatty acid salt, based on the fat component contained in the nutritional product, including at least about 5% by weight based on the fat component contained in the nutritional product. /. Including at least about 2 〇 weight / 〇, including about 10 weight. /. Up to about 60 weight. /. And including from about 15% by weight to about 40% by weight, and including from about 15% by weight to about 35% by weight, including about 1% by weight, including about 15% by weight. /〇, comprising about 20% by weight, including about 25 weights/0, including about 30% by weight, including about 35 weights/〇 and further including about 40% by weight, or even about 50% by weight, or even about 60% by weight. %, or even about 7% by weight, or even about 80% by weight, or even about 90% by weight, or even 161219. Doc •21 - 201233342 About 100% by weight. In certain embodiments, the nutritional product comprises a mixture of a fatty acid component and a monoglyceride containing a fatty acid. In such embodiments, the nutrient comprises a mixture of at least i 0% by weight of the fat component contained in the nutritional product, comprising at least about i 5 weight based on the fat component contained in the nutritional product. %, includes at least about 20% by weight, including from about 8% by weight to about 40% by weight, including from about 20% by weight to about 65% by weight. /. And including from about 25% by weight to about 50% by weight, including from about 15% by weight to about 3% by weight, and including from about 15% by weight to about 25% by weight, including about 1% by weight, including about 5% by weight, Includes about 20 weights /. Including about 25 weights ❶ /. Including about 3% by weight, including about 5% by weight, and further comprising about 4,000% by weight or even about 50% by weight, or even about 60% by weight, or even about 7% by weight, or even about 8 〇. % by weight, or even about 90% by weight or even about 〇〇 weight 〇/〇. In other embodiments, the nutritional product comprises at least 0% of the total dry matter in the nutritional product. 2% by weight, including at least 1% by weight, including at least 2% by weight and including at least 5% by weight of fatty acid component, fatty acid-containing monoglyceride Ester or a combination thereof. Macronutrient Although the total concentration or amount of fat, protein and carbohydrate can be determined by product type (ie, human milk fortifier, infant formula, etc.), product form (ie, nutritive solids, powder, ready-to-feed liquid or concentrated) The type of liquid) and the intended dietary requirements of the intended user vary, but such concentrations or amounts most generally include any other fat, protein and/or carbohydrate component as described herein in the specific range H below. 1612I9. Doc -22- 201233342 For liquid preterm and term infant formulas, the carbohydrate concentration is generally from about 5% to about 40%, including from about 7% to about 30%, by weight of the preterm or term infant formula. Including from about 1〇〇/0 to about 25%; the fat concentration (including pre-digested fat and any other fat source) is most generally about 1 based on the weight of the preterm or term infant formula. /❶ to about 30〇/〇, including about 2°/. Up to approximately 5% and include approximately 30/. To the extent of about 10%; and the weight of the preterm or term infant formula, the protein concentration is most generally about 〇. 5〇/0 to about 30. /. Including from about 1% to about 15°/. And includes from about 2% to about 10%. For liquid human milk fortifier products, the carbohydrate concentration is generally from about 1% to about 75%, including from about 10% to about 50%, including from about 20% to about 40% by weight of the human milk fortifier. Within the range of %; the fat concentration (including pre-digested fat and any other fat source) is generally from about 10°/〇 to about 40°/weight, based on the weight of the human milk fortifier. Including from about 5% to about 37°/. And including from about 18.8% to about 30%; and the protein concentration is most generally from about 5% to about 40%, including from about 1% to about 30%, and including about 15% by weight of the human milk fortifier. % to about 25%. In addition to or as an alternative to the percentage of total calories in the nutritional products listed in the following table, the amount or amount of carbohydrate, fat and/or protein in the liquid nutritional product is also characterized. The macronutrients used in the liquid nutritional products of the present invention are most generally formulated in any of the calories described in the following table (Examples A-F) (the term "about" is used before each value). 161219. Doc -23- 201233342 Total nutrient calories % Example A Example B Example C Carbohydrate 0-98 2-96 10-75 Protein 0-98 2-96 5-70 Fat 0-98 2-96 20-85 Implementation Example D Example E Example F Hydrophobic compound 30-50 25-50 25-50 Protein 15-35 10-30 5-30 Fat 35-55 1-20 2-20 In a specific example, a liquid infant formula ( Instant noodles and concentrated liquids include those examples in which the protein component may constitute from about 7.5% to about 25% of the caloric content of the formulation; the carbohydrate component may comprise from about 35% to about 50% of the infant formula. The total caloric content; and the fat component can comprise from about 30% to about 60% of the total caloric content of the infant formula. These ranges are provided by way of example only and are not intended to be limiting. Other suitable ranges are listed in the table below (each term has the term "about"). Total nutrient calories % Example G Example 碳水化合物 Carbohydrate: 20-85 30-60 35-55 Fat = 5-70 20-60 25-50 Protein: 2-75 5-50 7-40 When Nutrition In the case of a powdered preterm or term infant formula, the protein component is from about 5% to about 35%, including from about 8% to about 12%, and includes from about 10% to about 12, by weight of the preterm or term infant formula. The amount of % is present; the fat component is present in an amount from about 10% to about 35%, including from about 25% to about 30%, and including from about 26% to about 28%, by weight of the preterm or term infant formula; The carbohydrate component is from about 30% to about 161,219 by weight of the preterm or term infant formula. Doc -24- 201233342 85/. Including about 45% to about 60. /. And it includes about 5% to about 55%. For powdered human milk fortifiers, the protein component is from about 1% to about 55% by weight of the human milk fortifier, including from about 1% to about 5% by weight and including about 10%. Up to about 30 / 存在 in an amount of from about 1% to about 30%, including from about 1% to about 25%, and including from about 1% to about 20% by weight of the human milk fortifier The carbohydrate component is present in an amount of from about 15% to about 75%, including from about 15% to about 6%, and including from about 2% to about 50% by weight of the human milk fortifier. The amount exists. The total amount or concentration of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins in the powdered nutritional products of the present invention can vary to a considerable extent depending on the selected product and the intended user's dietary or medical needs. Other suitable examples of macronutrient concentrations are listed below. In this context, total or concentration refers to all sources of fat, carbohydrate and protein in a powdered product. For powdered nutritional supplements, these totals or concentrations are most generally and preferably formulated within any of the specific ranges set forth in the table below (all values have "about" before). Total nutrient calories % Example J i Example K Carbohydrate 1-85 30-60 35-55 Fat 5-70 20-60 25-50~~ Protein 2-75 5-50 7-40 Fat in addition to pre-digested fat The nutritional product of the present invention may also comprise other sources of fat (the total amount of fat referred to herein as the "fat component" or "fat system" of the nutritional product). Other fat sources suitable for use in this article include those suitable for 161219. Doc -25 201233342 Any fat or fat source that is used in oral nutrition and is compatible with the elements and characteristics of these products. Non-limiting examples of other fats or sources thereof for use in the nutritional products described herein include coconut oil, fractionated coconut oil, soybean oil, corn oil, olive oil, safflower oil, high oleic safflower oil, oleic acid. (EMERS〇I^ 6313 oleic acid), MCT oil (medium chain triglyceride), hollyhock oil, high oleic sunflower oil, palm oil and palm kernel oil, palm olein, canola oil, Aquatic animal oil, fish oil, fungal oil, algae oil, cottonseed oil and combinations thereof. In one embodiment, a suitable fat or source thereof comprises an oil and oil blend comprising a long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA 'preferably LC-PUFA having four or more double bonds) . For example, certain non-limiting specific polyunsaturated acids that may be included include docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), arachidonic acid (ARA), eicosanoic acid (epa), and the like. . The pre-digested fats described herein are typically included in the nutritional product in combination with one, two, three, four or more other fat sources. In one embodiment, a monoglyceride (ideally in the form of a monopalmitate), a fatty acid (ideally in the form of a calcium salt), a high oleic acid oil, and a coconut oil are combined to provide a nutritional product. Fat component. In this embodiment, the 'monoglyceride is from about 1% to about 4% by weight based on the weight of the monthly fat component (including about 100/ to about 30%, including about 10%, about i5y, about 2). 〇%, about 23〇/. and about 25%) are present; the fatty acid is from about i% to about 40% by weight of the fat component (including about 1% to about 3%, including about 1〇0/., about 15%, about 2〇〇/0 and about 25%) is present; the high oleic acid oil is from about 1% to about 40% by weight of the fat component (including about 1 〇) % to about 3〇%, including about 丨〇%, about 〇5〇/〇, 161219. Doc -26· 201233342 About 20°/. , about 25% and about 30%); and from about 1% to about 40% by weight of the fat component, including from about 10% to about 30%, including about 10%, about 15% , about 17 ° /., about 20% and about 25%). In another embodiment, a fatty acid containing monoglyceride (ideally in the form of monopalmitate), a fatty acid component (ideally in the form of a calcium salt), high oleic safflower oil, and coconut oil Combined to provide a fat component in the nutritional product. In this embodiment, the monoglyceride is from about 1% to about 40% by weight of the fat component. (including from about 1% to about 3%, including about 10%, about 15%, about 20%, about 23%, and about 25%); the fatty acid is about 1% by weight of the fat component Up to about 4% by weight (including about 1% to about 30%, including about 10%, about 15%, about 20%, and about 25%); based on the weight of the fat component, 'high oleic acid oil From about 1% to about 4% by weight (including about 1% to about 30%, including about 10%, about 15%, about 20%, about 25%, and about 30%); The coconut oil is present in an amount from about 1% to about 40%, including from about 10% to about 30%, including about 10%, about 15%, about 17%, about 20%, and about 25% by weight. In another embodiment, a fatty acid containing monoglyceride (ideally in the form of monopalmitate), a fatty acid component (ideally in the form of a salt), high oleic safflower oil, coconut oil The DHA-containing oil and the ARA-containing oil are combined to provide a fat component in the nutritional product. In this embodiment, the monoglyceride is from about 1% to about 40% by weight of the fat component, including from about 10% to about 30%, including about 10%, about 15%, about 20%, about 23[deg.]/〇 and about 25%) are present; the fatty acid is from about 1 〇/〇 to about 40% by weight of the fat component (including about 10% to about 30%, including about 10%, about 15%). About 161219. Doc . 27·201233342 20% and about 25%) are present; from about 1% to about 40% by weight of the fat component, including from about 1% to about 30%, including about 1% , about 15%, about 20%, about 25%, and about 30%); and the coconut oil is from about 1% to about 40% by weight of the fat component (including about 1% to about 3%) %, including about 10%, about 15%, about 17.7%, about 20%, and about 25%) is present. The DHA-containing oil is present in an amount of from about 1% to about 1% by weight (including about 5%) by weight of the fat component and from about 1% to about 1% by weight of the ARA oil by weight of the fat component ( Including about 5%). In another embodiment, the fat component comprises about 38% by weight high oleic safflower seed oil, about 1 7% by weight coconut oil, and about 23% by weight single palmitic acid. Glyceryl ester, about 20% by weight of fatty acid calcium salt, about 〇. 5°/. (by weight) containing DHA oil and about 1. 0. /. (by weight) containing ARA oil. Protein In addition to pre-digested fat, the nutritional product of the present invention may further comprise a protein as appropriate. Any protein source suitable for oral nutrition and compatible with the elements and characteristics of such products is suitable for use in combination with predigested fat. Non-limiting examples of proteins or sources thereof suitable for use in such nutritional products include hydrolyzed, partially hydrolyzed or non-hydrolyzed protein or protein sources, which may be derived from any known or otherwise suitable source, such as a dairy (eg, cheese) Protein, whey) 'Animal (eg meat, fish), booty (eg rice, corn), plants (eg soybean) or a combination thereof. Non-limiting examples of such proteins include milk protein isolates, milk protein concentrates as described herein, casein: excipients, extensively hydrolyzed pathway proteins, whey proteins, passin sodium salts or word salts, Whole milk, partially or completely skimmed milk, soy protein isolate, soybean 161219. Doc • 28 - 201233342 Protein concentrates and more. Carbohydrates The nutritional products of the present invention may further comprise, as appropriate, any carbohydrates suitable for use in mouth, serving nutrients and compatible with the elements and characteristics of such products, which are suitable for use in the carbohydrates described herein. Illustrative examples of sources may include maltodextrin, hydrolyzed or modified powder or jade; powder, glucose polymer, corn syrup, corn syrup solids, M-calculated carbohydrates from rice, carbohydrates derived from peas , from Ma Yu, 7 Department of carbohydrates, cassava, sucrose, glucose, fructose, lactose, high fructose rice syrup, honey, sugar alcohol (such as maltitol, erythritol, sorbitol = alcohol), artificial sweetener (eg, sucralose, potassium citrate, stevia) and combinations thereof. Other Ingredients Dependent on the Conditions The nutritional products of the present invention may further comprise other components as appropriate, which may alter the physical, chemical, aesthetic or processing characteristics of the products, 1 acting as a pharmaceutical or other when used in the target population. Nutritional components. A variety of such components are known to be present or otherwise suitable for use in a medical food or pharmaceutical dosage form and can also be used in compositions herein. 2: The components present in such conditions are orally safe and can be selected from selected products. The ingredients of the form are compatible. Non-limiting examples of such optional ingredients include preservatives, antioxidants, emulsifiers, buffers, fruit sugars, galactooligosaccharides, probiotics, pharmaceutically actives, other nutrients as described herein. , colorants, flavoring agents, thickeners and stabilizers, emulsifiers, lubricants, and the like. I61219. Doc • 29· 201233342 The nutritional product may further comprise a sweetener, preferably comprising at least one sugar alcohol, such as maltitol, erythritol, sorbitol, xylitol, mannitol, isomalt ( Isolmalt) and lactitol, and preferably also includes at least one artificial or high-potency sweetener such as acesulfame K, aspartame, sucralose, saccharin, stevia and tagatose Se). Such sweeteners, especially in combination with sugar alcohols and artificial sweeteners, are particularly suitable for formulating liquid beverage embodiments of the present invention having a desired taste profile. These sweetener combinations are particularly effective for masking undesirable tastes sometimes associated with vegetable proteins added to liquid beverages. The sugar alcoholity of the nutrient as the case may be at least 0. 01°/. , including from 01% to about, and also including from about 1 ° / 〇 to about 6%. The artificial sweetener concentration, as the case may be, may be in the weight of the nutritional product. 〇1. /❶, including approximately 〇5% to approximately 5%, including approximately 0. 1% to about 1. Within 0% range. A flow or anti-caking agent can be included in the nutrient as described herein to delay the agglomeration or agglomeration of the powder over time and to produce a powder embodiment that readily flows out of its container. Any known flow or anti-caking agent known or otherwise suitable for use in nutritional powders or product forms is suitable herein, non-limiting examples of which include tricalcium phosphate, citrate, and combinations thereof. The concentration of the flow agent or anti-caking agent in the nutritional product varies depending on the product form, other selected ingredients, desired flow characteristics, etc., but is most often from about 01% to about 4% by weight of the nutritional product, including about 0. . 5% to about 2%. Stabilizers can also be included in the nutritional product. Known or otherwise suitable for nutrition. Any of the stabilizers herein are also suitable for use herein by some of the non-limiting examples of carrageenan and gums (such as Sanxian gum). Based on the amount of nutrients ^ 〇α $, steady I61219. Doc •30- 201233342 The dosage can account for about 0. 1% to about 5. 0%, including about 5% to about 3%, including about 0. 7% to about 1. 5%. The nutritional composition may further comprise any of a variety of other vitamins or related nutrients, non-limiting examples of which include vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine, vitamin 812, Molin (eg, beta-carotenoid, zeaxanthin, lutein, lycopene), niacin, folic acid, pantothenic acid, biotin, vitamin C, choline, inositol, its salts and derivatives, and Its combination. The nutrient may further comprise any of a variety of other minerals, non-limiting examples of which include calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, zinc, manganese, copper, sodium, potassium, molybdenum, chromium, gas ions, and combinations thereof. Moreover, in certain embodiments, the nutritional product may be free of horn and vegetable gum. Method of Manufacture The nutritional products of the present invention can be prepared by any of the manufacturing techniques known or otherwise effective to prepare the solid or liquid form of the selected product. A variety of such techniques are known to be useful in any given form of product, such as a nutritional liquid or powder, and are readily applied to the nutrients described herein by those of ordinary skill in the art. Thus, the nutritional product of the present invention can be prepared by any of various known or otherwise effective products or methods of manufacture. For example, at least three types of slurry, including a fat-package protein (piF) slurry, a carbohydrate-mineral (CHO-MIN) slurry, and a water-packed protein (PIW) slurry, are separately prepared in a suitable manufacturing process. ^ pif slurry by heating and mixing oils (such as monoglyceride and / or fatty acids, fatty acid-containing oil, canola oil, corn oil 161219. Doc 31 - 201233342, etc.) and then formed by the addition of an emulsifier (for example, aquilin), a fat-soluble vitamin, and a part of total protein (for example, milk protein concentrate, etc.) with continuous heating and stirring. The CHO-ΜΙΝ slurry is formed by adding the following substances to the water with heating: minerals (eg, citric acid unloading, carbonic acid, sodium citrate, etc.), traces and ultra-trace minerals (TM/ UTM premix) and/or thickeners or suspending agents (eg, avicel, gellan, carrageenan). The obtained CHO-MIN slurry is kept under continuous heating and stirring for 10 minutes, and then other minerals (such as gasification _, carbonic acid, moth clock, etc.) and/or carbohydrates (for example, oligobiliary, vegetable sugar) , corn syrup, etc.). Then, if there is any remaining protein, the PIW slurry is formed by mixing with heating and stirring. In a particular embodiment of the invention 'all or a portion of the pre-digested fat contained in the nutritional product may be added to the CHO-MIN rong, which contains less than 5% (by weight of the CHO-MIN slurry) Fat in the form of triglycerides. In this example, at least 5 〇/〇 (by weight) of the total fat present in the nutrient is in the form of pre-digested fat and is added to the CHO-MIN slurry. In certain embodiments, at least 5% (by weight), including at least 10°, is included in the nutritional product. (by weight), including at least 2% by weight, including at least 30°/. (by weight), including at least 4% by weight, including at least 50% by weight, including at least 6% by weight, including at least 70°. (by weight), including at least 8% by weight, including at least 90% by weight, and including wo% by weight of total pre-digested fat is added to the CHO-MIN slurry. In a particular embodiment 'before adding pre-digested fat to the CHO-MIN slurry or in manufacturing 161219. Doc -32· 201233342 During the c_IN concentration, fat-soluble nutrients (such as mixed carotenoids or vitamins A, D, WK) are dissolved in pre-digested fat. In contrast to the cation and the mouth material, the stability of the final nutritional composition can be improved by adding pre-digested fat to the CH0_MIN stimulant. Subsequently, the resulting slurried material was blended with heating and stirred, and the pH was adjusted to 6. 6-7. 0. Thereafter, the composition is subjected to a high temperature short time (htst) process during which the composition is heat treated, emulsified and homogenized, and then allowed to cool. Add water-soluble vitamins and ascorbic acid, adjust the positive value to the desired range if necessary, add flavoring and add water to achieve the desired total solids content. The composition is then aseptically packaged to form a (iv) encapsulated nutritional emulsion. The emulsion may also be filled and subsequently sterilized to form a ready-to-feed or concentrated liquid, which may be spray dried, dry blended and/or coalesced. The nutritional solids, such as spray dried nutritional powders or dry mixed nutritional powders, can be prepared by any effective collection of techniques known or otherwise suitable for the preparation and formulation of nutritional powders. For example, when the nutritional powder is a spray dried nutritional powder, the spray drying step can similarly include any spray drying technique known or otherwise suitable for producing a nutritional powder. A variety of different spray drying methods and techniques are known; Lu Yangling is suitable for the manufacture of spray-dried nutritional powders herein. A method of preparing a spray-dried nutritional powder* comprises forming and homogenizing an aqueous slurry or liquid containing pre-digested fat and optionally containing protein, carbohydrate and other fat sources and then spray drying the material or liquid to produce a spray Dry nutrient powder () This method can further include spray drying 161219. Doc -33- 201233342 The step of drying, dry blending or otherwise adding other nutrients (including any one or more of the ingredients described herein) to the spray dried nutritional powder. Other suitable methods for preparing a nutritional product are described, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 6,365,218 (B〇rsehei et al.), U.S. Patent No. 6,589,576 (b. (10), et al.), U.S. Patent No. 6,306,908 (Carlson et al.), and U.S. Patent Application No. 20030118703 In Al (Nguyen et al.), the description thereof is incorporated herein by reference to the extent that it is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, in accordance with the present invention and as further described below, the nutrients described herein can be used for various purposes, including, for example, improved digestion. Improve nutrient absorption, improve tolerance, reduce the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis, reduce the incidence of abdominal pain and reduce the incidence of short bowel disease. Individuals (infants, young children, or children) who use the nutritional products described herein may actually have or suffer from the disease or condition (ie, may actually have problems with digestion, nutrient absorption and/or tolerance) or actual May have necrotizing enterocolitis, abdominal pain or short bowel disease] or may be prone to the disease or condition or the risk (ie, 'may not actually have the disease or condition, but due to certain conditions , family history, etc., increased risk compared with the general population) ^ regardless of whether the individual actually has the disease or condition, or whether there is a risk of developing the disease or condition or is prone to develop the disease or condition, the individual is This article is classified as "needed" to help resolve and combat the disease or condition. For example, an infant may actually have necrotizing enterocolitis due to premature birth or may be at risk of developing necrotizing enterocolitis (prone to necrotizing enterocolitis). Similarly, in another example, the baby is suffering from its 161,219. Doc • 34· 201233342 A disease or illness 'brother or family history with such problems may actually be resistant to (and/or digestive and/or nutrient absorption problems, or may be afflicted (easy to suffer) Or a plurality of risks of such conditions, including whether or not the individual actually has the disease or the disease, or whether there is only a risk of developing the disease or condition or is prone to develop the disease or condition, including the use of the present invention The nutritional products described herein assist the individual. Based on the above, some method embodiments of the present invention are directed to determining a particular subgroup or subclass of an individual (ie, "need" to help solve one or more of the methods described herein. a particular disease or a subgroup or subclass of individuals of a particular condition, and thus not all individuals may benefit from all of the methodologies described herein, for example, as for certain diseases or conditions, not all individuals are as described herein. Individual subgroup or subcategory. The nutritional product as described herein comprises predigested fat desirably combined with one or more other fat sources for the infant, toddler Children provide a source of nutrition for improved nutrient digestion and absorption. In particular, it is similar to the digestion of breast-fed infants because the fat source is at least partially digested before entering the duodenum, giving the baby more time to absorb nutrients' especially in the intestines. And the nutrients entering the baby's colon are reduced, thus reducing the nutrients that will be fermented and produce gas to reduce product tolerance. Therefore, by using pre-digested fat sources (such as mono-acids) in nutrients such as infant formulas Glycerides and/or fatty acids) may now provide infants with breast milk substitutes or supplements that more closely mimic the benefits of breast milk. In addition to the improved nutrient absorption as described above, it has been found in nutritional supplements 161,219. Doc -35· 201233342 uses pre-digested fat in combination with one or more water-insoluble hydrophobic compounds (such as oil-soluble (fat-soluble) vitamins (vitamins A, D, β and K), carotenoids (eg lutein, It is also helpful for the formation of micelles when administered together with β_carotene, lycopene, etc., glycolipids (neurolipids), sterols and phytochemicals. The formation of the micelles allows the insoluble hydrophobic compound to be dissolved in the digest, which is a step of intestinal villus absorption. In addition, pre-digested fat will be used to re-synthesize triglycerides to form chylomicrons. The chylomicrons carry the water-insoluble hydrophobic compound into the lymph, wherein the circulation delivers the insoluble hydrophobic compound to the target organ and/or tissue to produce the desired physiological effect. In addition to the benefits discussed above, it has been found that nutrients comprising pre-digested fat stimulate the production of cholecystokinin (CCK) in the duodenum, which stimulates pancreatic lipase production. This production leads to further digestion of nutrients and reduces contraction of the upper stomach and intestines, which allows more time for absorption. Therefore, the use of pre-digested fat in nutrients reduces the total amount of nutrients that enter the colon and are fermented and produce gas and swell. Therefore, the use of pre-digested fat in nutrients can improve tolerance by improving nutrient digestion and absorption (with less flatulence). This can be especially important for babies, as tolerance may be a question of interest in certain babies. In addition to stimulating CCK production, it has been found that pre-digested fat also induces secretion of intestinal growth hormone (glucagon-like peptide-2, GLP-2). GLP-2. It enhances intestinal maturation in infants, which results in better digestion and nutrient absorption. It has been further discovered that a nutrient containing pre-digested fat as described herein is 161,219. Doc -36- 201233342 can be used to provide a source of nutrition for infants, toddlers or children, which reduces the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), abdominal pain and/or short bowel disease. Additionally, in contrast to the protein in the fat slurry, the nutritional product is manufactured by adding at least a portion of the pre-digested fat (or, in some embodiments, all pre-digested fat) to the carbohydrate-mineral slurry. In the examples, the resulting stability of the nutritional product (usually in the form of a nutritional emulsion) can be improved. 0 EXAMPLES The following examples illustrate specific embodiments and/or features of the nutritional products of the present invention. The examples are given for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, as many variations are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. All exemplified amounts are by weight based on the total weight of the composition, unless otherwise stated. An example of a mouthwash is a shelf-stable nutrient prepared according to the manufacturing methods described herein such that, unless otherwise stated, each of the illustrated products includes an example of a sterilely sterilized embodiment and a sterilized dad package. . An example of a nutrient liquid is an oil-in-water aqueous emulsion that is packaged in a 24〇〇11 plastic container and that maintains physical stability within a month of storage at a storage temperature within the coffee range after blending (five). Examples 1-4 illustrate lactose-free infant nutritional emulsions of the present invention, the knives of which are listed in the table below. Unless otherwise stated, all ingredient amounts are listed in kilograms of 1000 kilograms of batch product. 161219. Doc •37- 201233342 |Ingredients Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 I Example 4 Water Sufficient Sufficient Sufficient Sufficient Maltodextrin 53 43. 3 50 60 Sucrose 16. 5 25 19. 2 16. 38 Milk Protein Isolates 15. 65 15. 65 15. 65 15. 65 Corn oil 12 12 12 12 High oleic acid safflower oil 10 10 10 10 Single plucking glycerol from the purpose 10 9 8 7 c1 (rc24 fatty acid strontium salt 6. 0 7 8 9 Coconut oil 2 2 2 2 Fungal oil 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 lecithin 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0. 96 0. 96 0. 96 0. 96 gasification potassium 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 ascorbic acid 0. 235 0. 235 0. 235 0. 235 Carrageenan 0. 150 0. 150 0. 150 0. 150 potassium hydroxide 0. 136 0. 136 0. 136 0. 136 TM/UTM premix 0. 1684 0. 1684 0. 1684 0. 1684 Vitamin A, D, E premix 0. 0758 0. 0758 0. 0758 0. 0758 Water-soluble vitamin premix 0. 0728 0. 0728 0. 0728 0. 0728 Potassium moth 0. 00022 0. 00022 0. 00022 0. 00022 vaporized chromium 0. 000217 0. 000217 0. 000217 0. 000217 Examples 5-8 Examples 5-8 illustrate lactose-based nutritional emulsions of the present invention, the ingredients of which are listed in the following table. Unless otherwise stated, all ingredient amounts are listed in kg per 1000 kg batch of product. |成* Example 5 Example 6 Example 7 Example 8 Water sufficient amount sufficient amount sufficient amount lactose 58 66 71 63 non-fat dry milk 25 10 0 16 whey protein concentrate 6. 4 13 18 10. 5 High oleic acid safflower oil 14 14 14 14 161219. Doc -38 - 201233342 Coconut oil 6. 2 6. 2 6. 2 6. 2 glyceryl monopalmitate 10 8 6 4 C10-C24 fatty acid 5. 5 7. 5 9. 5 11. 5 fruit oligosaccharide / galactooligosaccharide 9 9 9 9 fungal oil 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0. 96 0. 96 0. 96 0. 96 NaOH Mom 0. 78 1. 07 1. 36 1. 64 potassium chloride 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 ascorbic acid 0. 235 0. 235 0. 235 0. 235 angle and vegetable glue 0. 150 0. 150 0. 150 0. 150 potassium hydroxide.  0. 136 0. 136 0. 136 0. 136 TM/UTM premix 0. 1684 0. 1684 0. 1684 0. 1684 Vitamin A, D, E premix 0. 0758 0. 0758 0. 0758 0. 0758 Water-soluble vitamin premix 0. 0728 0. 0728 0. 0728 0. 0728 Magnetized potassium 0. 00022 0. 00022 0. 00022 0. 00022 chromium chloride 0. 000217 0. 000217 0. 000217 0. 000217 Examples 9-12 Examples 9-12 illustrate soy-based infant nutritional emulsions of the present invention, the ingredients of which are listed in the following table. Unless otherwise stated, all ingredient amounts are listed in kilograms per 1,000 kilograms of batch product. Ingredients Example 9 Example 10 Example 11 Example 12 Water Sufficient Sufficient Sufficient Sufficient Corn Syrup Solid 53 43. 3 50 60 Sucrose 16. 5 25 19. 2 16. 38 Soy Protein Isolates 19. 5 19. 5 19. 5 19. 5 Corn oil 12 12 12 12 High oleic acid safflower oil 10 10 10 10 Monopalmitic acid glycerin 10 9 8 7 Ci (pC24 fatty acid 6. 0 7 8. 0 9 161219. Doc -39- 201233342 Fungal oil 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 L-cystine 2. 3 2. 3 2. 3 2. 3 L-tyrosine 1. 1 1. 1 1. 1 1. 1 Hydrogenation feed 0. 09 1. 0 1. 1 1. 2 L-tryptophan 0. 66 0. 66 0. 66 0. 66 dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0. 96 0. 96 0. 96 0. 96 gasification potassium 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 anti-grear acid 0. 235 0. 235 0. 235 0. 235 Carrageenan 0. 150 0. 150 0. 0 0. 0 potassium hydroxide 0. 136 0. 136 0. 136 0. 136 TM/UTM premix 0. 1684 0. 1684 0. 1684 0. 1684 Vitamin A, D, E premix 0. 0758 0. 0758 0. 0758 0. 0758 Water-soluble vitamin premix 0. 0728 0. 0728 0. 0728 0. 0728 Potassium iodide 0. 00022 0. 00022 0. 00022 0. 00022 Examples 13-16 Examples 13-16 illustrate the hydrolyzed protein-based infant nutritional emulsions of the present invention, the ingredients of which are listed in the following table. Unless otherwise stated, all ingredients are listed in kilograms per 1000 kg batch. Ingredients Example 13 Example 14 Example 15 Example 16 Water sufficient amount sufficient amount sufficient amount of sucrose 42 42 42 42 starch 21. 8 21. 8 21. 8 21. 8 Hydrolyzed protein 22. 2 22. 2 22. 2 22. 2 high oleic safflower seed oil 13. 7 13. 7 13. 7 13. 7 MCT oil 6 6 6 6 glyceryl monopalmitate 10 9 8 7 Cl〇-C24 fatty acid 11 9. 5 8 6. 5 coconut oil 5 7. 5 9 11. 5 fungal oil 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 barium hydroxide 1. 6 1. 29 1. 1 0. 93 161219. Doc •40· 201233342 L-methionine 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 dipotassium phosphate 0. 96 0. 96 0. 96 0. 96 gasification potassium 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 ascorbic acid 0. 235 0. 235 0. 235 0. 235 Carrageenan 0. 0 0. 0 0. 150 0. 150 potassium hydroxide 0. 136 0. 136 0. 136 0. 136 TM/UTM premix 0. 1684 0. 1684 0. 1684 0. 1684 Vitamin A, D, E premix 0. 0758 0. 0758 0. 0758 0. 0758 Water-soluble vitamin premix 0. 0728 0. 0728 0. 0728 0. 0728 Potassium telluride 0. 00022 0. 00022 0. 00022 0. 00022 Example 17 In this example, rat absorption of C1()-C24 fatty acid calcium salt and related bioavailability was assessed. Thirty rats were randomly assigned to one of three diets containing different proteins and fats (Diet 1, Diet 2, and Diet 3). Diet 1-3 with AOAC method 906. The same applies to 48, except that diets 1-3 have a higher fat content and contain maltodextrin as a source of carbohydrates. Diet 1 contains 1 〇 wt ° / 〇 protein can be used as acid casein and contains 23 · 6 wt% fat can be used to contain 30 wt% coconut oil, 30 wt% soybean oil and 40 wt% high oleic acid safflower seed oil ( HOSO) oil blend. The nutritional forms of diets 2 and 3 are the same as those of diet 1, except that proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and minerals are mixed, homogenized, and spray dried. Diet 3 differs from Diet 2 only in that it replaces HOSO oil with high oleic acid safflower fatty acid calcium salt and replaces tricalcium phosphate with potassium phosphate so that the overall nutrition and mineral form of diet 2 diet 3 is the same. Ca-HOSO fatty acid calcium salt provides 100% dietary calcium. 161219. Doc • 41 · 201233342 Rats were fed diet 1, diet 2 or diet 3 for 4 weeks. Feed conversion (grams of weight gain/gram of feed intake) and protein efficiency ratio (grams of weight gain/gram of protein intake) (pER) were calculated using feed/protein intake and weight gain at the end of the feeding trial. If the caloric value of the HOSO fatty acid calcium salt (ie, calories per kilogram) is significantly lower than the caloric value of HOSO due to poor absorption, it is expected that rats of diet 3 will increase their body weight or take more feed to maintain it. Growth, both of which result in lower feed conversion and PER. The results shown in the table below show that rats in diet 3 have the same feed conversion or PER as the control group, indicating that the caloric value of the HOSO fatty acid calcium salt is not different from HOSO oil. Therefore, the HOSO fatty acid calcium salt is shown to be highly bioavailable. Protein efficiency ratio feed conversion ~~ diet 1 (control group 1) 2. 83 +/- 0. 28* 0. 29 +/- 0. 03 Diet 2 (Control 2) 3. 16+/-0. 17 0. 31 +/-0. 02 Diet 3 (fatty acid word salt) 3. 32+/-0. 27 0. 37 +/- 0. 03 *Standard deviation (n=10) Example 18 In this example, the absorption of soybean fatty acid salt by a 10-day-old pig was analyzed. Sixteen suckling pigs were randomly divided into two groups and individually housed in metabolic cages and trained to obtain a nutritional emulsion from the pot within 30 minutes. After one week of training with a commercially available ready-to-eat hydrolyzed protein-based formulation, the pigs were fed a commercially available hydrolyzed protein-based formula powder containing tricalcium phosphate and calcium carbonate as a source of calcium. Doc • 42 - 201233342 End (control) or emulsion containing soy fatty acid calcium as a calcium source (experimental emulsion). For the control and experimental emulsions, the protein source and content, fat content and mineral form were the same. However, the experimental emulsion contained soybean oil as a substitute for soybean oil in the control group and contained calcium hydroxide as part of the calcium mineral system to neutralize the soybean fatty acid. The potassium phosphate content of the experimental emulsion was adjusted to match the phosphorus content of the control group. Soy fatty acid calcium provides 100% calcium in the experimental emulsion. After two weeks of feeding, the apparent fat and calcium digestibility were calculated based on the following formula: Apparent fat digestibility = ((fat intake - fecal fat) / fat intake) * i00 Apparent digestibility = ((弼 ingestion - Fecal sputum) / dance intake) * i 物质 dry matter digestibility = ((dry matter intake - fecal dry matter) / dry matter intake) *100 Reduced feed conversion (weight / feed intake) and reduced fat, Calcium and dry matter digestibility will show poor absorption of the soy fatty acid calcium salt of the experimental emulsion, and thus it is shown that for the experimental emulsion, the caloric value and bioavailability of calcium are lower than in the control group. As shown in the table below, the feed conversion, fat digestibility and dry matter digestibility of the experimental emulsions were significantly different from those of the control group, indicating that for newborn pigs, the soy fatty acid calcium salt of the experimental emulsion was highly absorbed and bioavailable. In addition, the apparent calcium digestibility data shown below shows that the soy fatty acid calcium salt of the experimental emulsion is more bioavailable than the calcium contained in the control (i.e., 'tricalcium phosphate and calcium carbonate). 161219. Doc -43- 201233342 Apparent fat Digestibility Feed conversion (weight gain grams/feed (dry matter) grams) Apparent calcium digestibility Apparent dry matter Digestibility Control group 97. 6+/- 1. 0 0. 82 +/- 0. 14* 81. 8+/-7. 2 97. 8 +/- 0. 7 Experimental emulsion 97. 6+/- 1. 4 0. 80+/-0. 15 91. 3+/-3. 3 98. 0+/-1. 0 * standard deviation (n = 10) Example 19 In this example, the emulsification characteristics of the fatty acid calcium salt were analyzed.丨 8 g 130°F soybean oil containing glycerol monopalmitate (5 wt% oil) and 43 mg mg Ca (tricalcium phosphate form) by using a table top high shear mixer To prepare a first emulsion (control emulsion). A second emulsion (calcium fatty acid emulsion) containing the same amount of calcium and fat (12 g of soybean oil plus 6 g of soy fatty acid) as a control emulsion was prepared by: (1) at a temperature of about 130 °F Dispersing the soybean fatty acid oil solution in water; (2) adding 430 mg of Ca in the form of calcium carbonate; (3) adjusting the pH of the solution to about 7. using KOH. 0; and (4) shear the mixture using a tabletop high shear mixture. The control emulsion and the fatty acid calcium emulsion were allowed to stand for three weeks to analyze the emulsion separation. After one night, the control emulsion showed visible phase separation containing a milky layer on top of the emulsion. (See Figure 1A). In contrast, after three weeks of storage, the fatty acid emulsion had only a slightly detectable (but not clearly visible) soap layer on top of the emulsion while the emulsion remained in one phase. There was no visible calcium deposition at the bottom of the fatty acid emulsion (see Figure 1B). These results show that the fatty acid salt is an effective emulsifier and can be substantially 161,219. Doc -44 - 201233342 Does not provide a source of calcium from the nutritional emulsion of solution settling. This results in improved stability and long shelf life of the emulsion product. Example 20 In this example, the fat uptake and calcium uptake of two independent test formulations and control formulations were measured for 1 day old pig. The first test formulation (Formulation 1) contained palm oil essential oil in the fat system 'The second test formulation (Formulation 2) contained pre-digested fat in the fat system' and the control formulation (Formulation 3) in the fat The system contains low-profile acid oil. The fat system components of the three formulations are listed in the table below. Nutrients (g) Formulation 1 (palm oil essential oil formulation) Formulation 2 (pre-digested fat formulation) Formulation 3 (control formulation containing low palmitic acid oil) Coconut oil 37. 2 0 84. 1 Shangyou sour safflower oil 62. 8 108 111. 9 Soybean fatty acids 0 56. 9 0 ARA oil 3. 03 3. 03 3,03 DHA oil 1. 52 1. 52 1. 52 glyceryl monopalmitate 0 65. 4 0 lecithin 1. 12 1. 12 1. 12 Palm oils 122. 7 0 0 Soybean oil 57. 1 0 83. 8 Preparation of three formulations with nearly identical nutrients and mineral forms. The fatty acid form of Formulations 1 and 2 mimics the fatty acid form of the breast milk. Formulation 2 contains calcium hydroxide (amount sufficient to sequester all free fatty acids) as a source of calcium which reacts with the soy fatty acid to form an insoluble fatty acid calcium salt. This reaction eliminates the bitter taste and throat burning sensation produced by free fatty acids. Another 161219. Doc • 45 - 201233342 In addition, the potassium phosphate content of Formulation 2 was raised to match the phosphorus content of Formulations 1 and 3. The calcium salt used in Formulations 1 and 3 is calcium phosphate. Sixty one day old pigs (plus or minus two days) were randomized to receive Formulation 1, Formulation 2, or Formulation 3. Pigs were individually housed in metabolic cages and fed five times a day for three weeks after training and acclimation for 4 days. Fecal material from day 2 to day 8 was collected and analyzed for calcium absorption and fat absorption. Calcium absorption is calculated by dividing the amount of calcium in the fecal material + the amount of calcium in the diet and multiplying by 100. The fat absorption is calculated by dividing the amount of fat in the fecal material by the amount of fat in the diet and multiplying by 1%. The results are shown in the table below. Fat Absorption (%) Calcium Absorption Formulation 1 (palm oil) 92. 3 ±3. 9 88. 9 士 4. 7 Formulation 2 (pre-digested fat) 98. 2 ± 0. 7 93. 1 ± 2. 4 Formulation 3 (control: low brown citrate fat system) 98. 0 ± 1. 4 90. 7 ±3. 5 As shown in the results in the table above, the use of a pre-digested fat system allows the infant formula to mimic the fatty acid profile of the breast without the adverse effects of calcium and fat absorption experienced when using the palm olein oil system. The fat and barium absorption rate of Formulation 2 (pre-digested monthly fat-supplemented formulation) is at least as good as the monthly fat and about the absorption rate of the low-brown acid-picking formula. These findings indicate that soy fatty acid calcium salts are highly bioavailable in newborn pigs. Example 21 In this example, the post-prandial increase in CCK production (AUC) and enterokin production (AUC) of pigs of Example 20 was evaluated. In the conclusion of the fat and calcium absorption analysis described in Example 20, it was cast 161,219. Doc -46 - 201233342 Pigs with Formulation 2 (pre-digested fat formulation) or Formulation 3 (including low palmitic acid control formulation) were fasted for 12 hours and fasted blood was drawn to separate the serum. The pigs were allowed to recover for two hours and then 250 mL of Formulation 2 or Formulation 3 was administered. Postprandial blood samples were taken 30 and 6 minutes after feeding and CCK and enterin were calculated to calculate the postprandial increase in CCK (area under the curve) and enterin (AUC). The results are shown in the table below. Formulation 2 (pre-digested fat formulation) (pg/mL*min) Formulation 3 (control: low palmitic acid formulation) (pg/mL*min) Post-prandial increase in CCK secretion (area under the curve) 1935 ± 1464 1046 ±754 Enterin AUC (post-prandial increase) 483±253 839±403 The data in the above table shows that replacing pre-digested fat (monopalmitin plus soy fatty acid) with triglyceride stimulates postprandial CCK Secretion 'It has been shown to stimulate pancreatic digestive enzyme secretion, enhance gallbladder contraction and delay oral to cecal delivery. Therefore, formulations with pre-digested fat stimulate more digestive enzyme secretion and slow GI delivery to allow more nutrient digestion and absorb. Therefore, formulations containing pre-digested fat can improve formulation tolerance&apos; because undigested nutrients can cause excessive colonic fermentation leading to flatulence, diarrhea and bloating. In addition, the information in the above table shows that replacing pre-digested fat (monoglyceride plus soybean fatty acid) with triglyceride can reduce postpartum enterokin secretion. Infants with abdominal pain have been shown to have lower post-prandial CCK levels but higher post-prandial enterin levels. This kind of intestinal hormone between meals is not 161219. Doc -47- 201233342 Balance causes GI contraction in infants' which causes abdominal pain. The data in the above table shows that the inclusion of pre-digested fat can increase the CCK content of the baby after a meal, but reduce the intestinal motility, thereby reducing the hormone imbalance to relieve GI contraction, abdominal pain and abdominal pain. Example 22 In this example, the pig of Example 20 was used to study the effect of various fat systems on the yoghurt particulate triglyceride pantothenic acid and the Sn-2 shelf acid content. One hour postprandial blood samples were taken from each pig and plasma was separated, frozen in liquid nitrogen, and stored in a freezer at -80 °C. Total plasma lipids were extracted using Folch solvent. The triglyceride was separated by thin layer chromatography. The table below shows the plasma triglyceride palmitate and Sn-2 palmitic acid in Formulation 1 (palm oil blend formulation) and Formulation 2 (pre-digested fat formulation). The table also shows chylomicron triglycerides and Sn-2 palmitic acid in pigs fed the two formulations. Formulation 1: (Brown olein) Plasma triglyceride formulation of silver feed formulation 1 : (pre-digested fat) Pigs fed with Formulation 2 plasma triglyceride for cooking human breast milk Infant plasma triglyceride triglyceride vinegar Sn-2 triglyceride vinegar Sn-2 triglyceride Sn-2 triglyceride Sn-2 triglyceride Sn-2 palmitic acid content (%) 23 . 3 5. 8 18. 3 10. 6 21. 4 5. 2 18. 5 14. 4 25 25. 5 As shown in the table above, the plasma levels of triglyceride and Sn-2 palmitic acid in pigs fed the pre-digested fat formula were significantly higher than those fed the palm olein formula. The ratio of plasma triglyceride palmitate/Sn-2 palmitic acid of Formulation 1 and Formulation 2 was about 1. 7 and 1. 3, and the ratio of breast milk to infants is known to be about 1. 1. Therefore, this data shows that pre-digested fat formulations mimic breast milk better than palm oil fat blends. 161219. Doc •48- 201233342 Example 23 In this example, the pig of Example 2G was used to study the effect of various fat systems on the blood lutein content. The plasma from the i-hour postprandial blood sample of each pig was extracted using a solvent of methanol and methanol (ratio of 2:1), the solvent was removed, and the obtained lipid was collected and analyzed for lutein by a % method. The following table shows the lutein content of pigs fed the formulation 丨 (palm oil extract), formulation 2 (pre-digested fat formulation) and formulation 3 (low palmitic acid formulation), per mg of lipid The number of lutein (four) is expressed. Formulation 1: (Brown olein) Formulation 2: (Pre-digested fat) Formulation 3: (Low palmitic acid) Lutein content N/A* 0. 765 pg 0. 539 pg * Formulation 1 has a low xanthophyll content and is difficult to measure. As shown in the above table, pigs fed a formulation containing pre-digested fat had an increased lutein absorption compared to pigs fed a formulation containing palm olein or low palmitic acid. Example 24 In this example, the formulation of Example 20 was used. 2 (pre-digested fat formulations) and formulation 3 (low palmitic acid formulations) to study the effects of various fat systems on the lutein content of the cells. Reconcile Formulation 2 and Formulation 3 with water (per 1. 0 L water 133 g powdered formulation) and the addition of HC1 adjusted the pH of the reconstituted formulation to 4. 5. The reconstituted formulation was digested for 1 hour at room temperature by adding i_〇〇 ml USP pepsin (56 mg/mi) to the 40 ml reconstituted formulation* after pepsin digestion 161219. Doc -49- 201233342 Adjust the pH of the reconstituted formulation to 7. 0, and then a mixture of 28 mg USP trypsin/protease, 28 mg USP trypsin lipase and 1 08 mg bile extract was added to the pepsin digested formulation. The formulation was further digested for 2 hours at room temperature and centrifuged (31,000 g, 3 hours at 20 eC). The digested formulation forms an oil/fat clot, an aqueous phase, and a sedimentation layer. The aqueous phase is drawn for lutein analysis of the micelles which serve as a carrier during the absorption of lutein in the aqueous cavity. The table below shows the content of lutein in the cells per kg of digestion formulation. Digestion Formulation 2 : (Pre-digested fat) Digestive Formulation 3 : (Low palmitic acid) Microcytosin (pg) 0. 598 pg 0. 246 μξ As shown in the table above, the amount of lutein found in the digested formulation containing pre-digested fat was more than twice the amount of lutein found in the digested formulation containing low brown acid. 'This shows that the use of pre-digested fat can increase lutein absorption. Example 25 In this example, the ability of pre-digested fat to reduce the incidence of soft stools was analyzed. Thirty weaned rats were fed a hydrolyzed protein-based powdered infant formula (containing MCT oil as a 3 wt% fat source) for a four-day acclimation period. In the adaptation period, hehe. At the time of the bundle, the rats were randomly divided into two groups and fed a control formulation (low-standard palmitic infant formula) or a test formulation (infant formula containing pre-digested fat). Control compound and test formulation nutrients. The type is the same. Rats were given free access to feed and water for five days, and the amount and weight of the ingested feed were recorded daily. 161219. Doc 201233342 Although there was no significant difference in feed intake or weight gain between the two groups, there was a significant difference in stool firmness. During the last two days of feeding, the rat's stool firmness score was scored using the 〇_5 point system based on the severity and firmness of the stool bonded to the pet-absorbent sheet. A score of 0 indicates normal.  Stool and a 5-point value indicate watery diarrhea. As shown in Figure 2, the arrogant feed is clear.  Rats with ligands (containing MCT oil) produced thinner stools than rats fed the test formulation (containing pre-digested fat). Example 26 In this example 'analysis of the ability of pre-digested fat to reduce the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Preterm pigs (92% of gestation) delivered via caesarean section were immediately transferred to an oxygenation incubator (37 ° C) and a vascular catheter was placed in the umbilical artery. The pigs were injected three times (4, 6 and 7 mL/kg body weight) of maternal plasma via a vascular catheter during the first 24 hours. Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) was provided at a rate of 4-6 mL/kg per hour for 24 hours. The pigs were then randomized to receive a control formulation or a pdf formulation via an orgastric tube at a rate of 5 mL/kg per hour. The control formulation was identical to the pDF formulation except for the fat system therein. Special . 脂肪, s, the fat system in the control formulation comprises vegetable oil, and the fat system in the pDF formulation comprises 3 〇 wt% glycerol monopalmitate ' 2 〇 wt% large ugly acid, 26 wt ° /. High oleic safflower seed oil, 丨 4 wt% coconut oil and 1 〇 wt0/. Both the glyceryl dibutyrate control formulation and the pDF formulation per liter formulation contained 100 g protein, 47 g fat, and 50 g corn syrup. The pigs were euthanized after anesthesia for 36 hours and subjected to autopsy to use 161219. Doc 201233342 The 1-5 scoring system assesses the severity of NEC lesions, with a score of 1 indicating no signs of NEC. The results are shown in the table below. Block 1 Block 2 Control PDF Control PDF Formulation Formulation (n=5) (n=3) (n=5) (n=3) Early NEC Death 2 0 3 1 Attestation at Autopsy NEC 2 1 0 0 Total NEC 4 1 3 1 As shown in the table above, 5 of the 10 pigs fed the control formulation (50%) died of NEC before the end of the enteral feeding period, but fed Only 1 of the 6 pigs in the PDF formulation (16. 7%) died of NEC before the end of the enteral feeding period. In addition, 7 of the 10 pigs fed the control formulation (70%) had NEC measured before the end of the enteral feeding period, while only 2 of the 6 pigs fed the PDF formulation (33) %) NEC was determined before the end of the enteral feeding period. It can therefore be concluded that the incidence of NEC can be reduced by replacing the vegetable oil fat system with a fat system containing pre-digested fat. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figures 1A and 1B show graphical representations of a control emulsion and an experimental emulsion prepared as in Example 19. Figure 2 is a graph showing the effect of diet on fecal firmness. 161219. Doc -52-

Claims (1)

201233342 VII. Applying for a patent garden · 1. A reduction in the score, &amp; Λ上 - incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis in a child or child >, too 'This method includes including the baby, child or child A nutritional product of at least one free fatty acid component to t/〇, a fatty acid-containing monoglyceride or a combination thereof. 2. The method of claim A, A ^ wherein the fatty acid-containing monoglyceride is glyceryl monopalmitate. 3. The claim 1 ^ , < 10000 </ RTI> wherein the free fatty acid component is in the form of a group selected from the group consisting of fatty acid salts, fatty acid salts, and combinations thereof. 4. The method of claim 1 wherein the free fatty acid component comprises less than i 5 t/o of a saturated fatty acid having a chain length of more than 14 carbon atoms. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the free fatty acid component is derived from vegetable oil. + The method of claim 5, wherein the vegetable oil is selected from the group consisting of olive oil, mustard seed oil, corn oil, soybean oil, and combinations thereof. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the vegetable oil is soybean oil. 8. The method of claim </ RTI> wherein the free fatty acid component is derived from an animal fat isolate wherein the total amount of dandylic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid is less than 20% by weight. a method for reducing the incidence of abdominal pain in 4c, a child or a child, the method comprising administering to the infant, toddler or child a monoglyceride comprising at least 10% by weight of: a free fatty acid component, a fatty acid containing fatty acid Nutritional products of vinegar or a combination thereof. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the monoglyceride having a fatty acid is 161219.doc 201233342 is a single palm glyceride. 11. A method of reducing the incidence of short bowel disease in an infant, a child or a child, the method comprising administering to the infant, toddler or child at least one free fatty acid component comprising at least 10% by weight of a fatty acid-containing monoglyceride Or a combination of nutrients. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the fatty acid-containing monoglyceride is glyceryl monopalmitate. 13. The method of claim π, wherein the free fatty acid component is in the form of a group selected from the group consisting of calcium salt of fatty acid, magnesium salt of a fatty acid, and combinations thereof. 14. The method of claim 11, wherein the free fatty acid component comprises less than 0 wt0/❶ of a saturated fatty acid having a chain length of more than 14 carbon atoms. The method of claim 11, wherein the free fatty acid component is derived from vegetable oil 0 161219.doc