201232315 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種利用檢測腦部特定部位資訊以與外界溝通 之介面，特別是關於一種收集大腦特定部位資訊的腦機介面。 【先前技術】 腦機介面（brain-computer interface ’簡稱BCI ;有時也稱作 φ direct neural interface 或者 brain-machine interface) ’ 是在人或動物 腦（或者腦細胞的培養物）與外部裝置間建立的直接連線通路。 在單向腦機介面的情況下，電腦或者接受腦傳來的命令，或者發 送訊號到腦（例如視訊重建）’但不能同時發送和接收訊號。而雙 向腦機介面允許腦和外部裝置間的雙向資訊交換。在該定義中， 「腦」一詞意指有機生命形式的腦或神經系統，而並非僅僅是抽 象的「心智」（mind)。「機」意指任何處理或計算的裝置，其形式 可以從簡單電路到矽晶片。 • 在多年來動物實驗的實踐基礎上，應用於人體的早期植入裝 置被設計及製造出來，用於恢復損傷的聽覺、視覺和肢體運動能 力。研究的主線是大腦不同尋常的皮層可塑性，它與腦機介面相 適應，可以自然肢體那樣控制植入的假肢。在當前所取得的技術 與知識的進展之下，腦機介面研究者可令人信服地嘗試製造出增 強人體功能的腦機介面，而不僅僅止於恢復人體的功能。 目如在相關技術的發展上，主流的非侵入式腦機介面主要是 利用腦波(Electr〇encephal〇gram，簡稱EEG)訊號來讓使用者與外 界溝通，由使用者意念所產生的EEG訊號變化是否能夠穩定且顯 201232315 T足以被系統測得。由於BCI分類機制的確立通常必須透過適 田的訓練&序來元成’故目前多採用類神經網路的技術來實現這 個。崎，然而’除了 EEG訊號判讀分類機制是否具有容錯性好且 效率而的特性’足以將所測得之咖訊號特徵鮮地轉譯成所要 執行的機II指令之外，如何將特定的動作、意念、情緒正確對應 到其特疋的大腦部位上，歧立—個在實際上可顧且正確性高 的腦機介面，仍是-魅待解決的問題。未來，麟介面技術可 用來幫助殘障、癱瘓或喪失行動能力的患者，讓他們擁有可以控 制外部世界的能力’而不是被動的接受外界的控制。 【發明内容】 如上所述’利用EEG訊號判讀的腦機介面，除了受限於舰 =號主要是量測頭殼的電位改變，而非直接侧大腦内部的活動 貝訊外且在特定動作、意念、情緒無法正確對應到其特定的大 立之If況下’實難以提高腦機介面的正確性及實用性。201232315 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to an interface for detecting information about a specific part of a brain to communicate with the outside world, and more particularly to a brain-computer interface for collecting information on a specific part of the brain. [Prior Art] Brain-computer interface (BCI; sometimes referred to as φ direct neural interface or brain-machine interface) is between human or animal brain (or culture of brain cells) and external devices. Established direct connection path. In the case of a one-way brain-computer interface, the computer either accepts commands from the brain or sends a signal to the brain (eg, video reconstruction) but cannot send and receive signals at the same time. The two-way brain-computer interface allows for two-way information exchange between the brain and external devices. In this definition, the term “brain” refers to the brain or nervous system of an organic life form, not just the “mind” of abstraction. "Machine" means any device that is processed or calculated in the form of a simple circuit to a silicon wafer. • Based on years of practice in animal experiments, early implants for the human body were designed and manufactured to restore the auditory, visual, and limb motility of the injury. The main line of research is the unusual cortical plasticity of the brain, which adapts to the brain-computer interface and controls the implanted prosthesis like a natural limb. With the advancement of current technologies and knowledge, brain-computer interface researchers can convincingly attempt to create brain-computer interfaces that enhance human function, rather than just restoring human function. For example, in the development of related technologies, the mainstream non-invasive brain-computer interface mainly uses the brain wave (Electr〇encephal〇gram, EEG for short) signal to let the user communicate with the outside world, and the EEG signal generated by the user's mind Whether the change can be stabilized and the 201232315 T is enough to be measured by the system. Since the establishment of the BCI classification mechanism usually has to be carried out through the training and training of the field, it is now the technology of the neural network to achieve this. Saki, however, 'except for the EEG signal interpretation classification mechanism is fault-tolerant and efficient enough' to translate the measured coffee signal features into the machine II instructions to be executed, how to make specific actions and ideas The emotions correspond correctly to the brain parts of their special features. The ambiguity--a brain-computer interface that can be considered in practice and has high correctness is still a problem to be solved. In the future, sin-interface technology can be used to help patients with disabilities, paralysis or inability to act, giving them the ability to control the outside world rather than passively accepting outside control. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION As described above, the brain-computer interface interpreted by the EEG signal is limited by the fact that the ship= is mainly the potential change of the measuring head shell, and not directly to the activity inside the brain, and in a specific action, Ideas and emotions cannot correctly correspond to their specific ambiguity. It is difficult to improve the correctness and practicability of the brain-computer interface.
緣此’本發明之—目的即是提供_種收集大腦特定部位資訊 的腦機介面，_是_近紅外、絲譜(NeaMntoed Speetr_；p°y NIRS)的対檢败用者之大職❹陳之腦血流錄 ， 於本發明之腦機介面。 以應用 隼大之問題所採用之技術手段係為-種收 集大祕心卩”訊的腦機介面，其包括>腦血流檢 用以檢測-使用者之大職定部位之腦錢賴Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a brain-computer interface for collecting information on specific parts of the brain, which is a major occupation of the near-infrared, silk spectrum (NeaMntoed Speetr_; p°y NIRS). Chen Zhi's brain blood flow record, in the brain machine interface of the present invention. The technical means used to apply the problem of the big problem is the brain-computer interface of the collection of the big secrets, including the brain blood flow test to detect the user’s position in the job.
檢測單元係為—近紅外線腦血流檢醉元，祕檢顺H 7〇〇皿至2獨唧的近紅外線光譜；—信號放靖波單元，將接 201232315 收自該，血流檢測單元之駐流信號進行放纽濾波；—類比/數 _換單^將接收自該信號放竭波單元之腦血流錢轉換為 —數位彳。也—數位錢處理單元’將触自細比後位轉換單 兀之數位信魏行分析處理觸該㈣者之大麟定部位是否為 活躍狀態，並據崎應產生―資訊錢或動作錢；—信號傳輸 介面’連接於贿健號處理單元，用轉該資訊賴或動作信 號傳輸至一外部連接裝置。 σ 、經由本發明所_之技射段，_近紅外縣譜的方式檢 測使=者之大腦特定部位之腦血流錢，可直接制大腦内部的 活動#訊’且利用特定動作、意念、情緒所對應之特定大腦部位， 可有效地提高腦機介_正確性及實祕，且在未來可應用於錄 疾行動不便或無法表達言語的使用者的輔助醫療用途方面。 【實施方式】 參閱第-圖，其係為本發明收集大腦特定部位資訊的腦機介 面=系統方塊圖。如_示，本發明㈣大腦特定部位資訊的腦 機介面1 ’其主要包括ϋ流檢測單元u、—信號放大/滤波單 元12、-類比/數位轉換單元13、一數位信號處理單元14以及— 信號傳輸介面15’以下就制方式及各個域單元魏逐一介紹。 ^發明所使㈣腦血流檢測單元u可岐—近紅外線腦血流 檢測單元(Near infixed se贿)，用讀測—使用者2之大腦特定部 位之腦血流信號S卜由於70(^至25G()nm的近紅外線光譜相對 於其他波長邮’有比較強的人體穿透性，喊長較長光譜區對 人，的穿透性低’並帶有增祕性，可在非侵人的狀態下，即可 測量到人類腦料線⑽_f彡像。其湘不同的紅外線短波 201232315 (如選用640nm和830nm的近紅外線）’測量腦内的氧化血紅素 (xy-Hb)、去氧化血紅素（deoxy-Hb)及總血紅素（t〇tal Hb)等 數據，以建構腦部活動的狀況。 腦血流檢測單元11所檢測到的是一類比信號，傳輸至信號放 大/濾波單元12之後可進行放大及濾波，再經由類比/數位轉^單 元13將其轉換為一數位信號S2。接著，由數位信號處理單元'14 將接收自類比/數位轉換單元13之數位信號S2進行分析處理判斷 該使用者2之大腦特定部位是否為活躍狀態，並據以對應產生一 資訊信號S3、S4或動作信號S5，並可經由連接於數位信號處理 單元14之信號傳輸介面15將資訊信號S3、弘或動作信號 輸至一外部連接裝置3。 ^ 在本發明中，外部連接裝置3包括有一顯示裳置4、揚聲裝置 5及驅動裝置6。其中動作信號S5係傳輸至驅動展置6，用以^ 驅動褒置6 ’並進行-預定動作。若資訊信號S3是—影像信號， 則可傳輸至顯示裝置4予以顯示，而若資訊錢％是—聲音信 號，則可傳輸至-揚聲裝置5，無論是以顯示影像或發出聲音的方 式’皆可藉此直接讓使时表現出腦部所要下達的指令，或 接地理解其需求，特別適合用於例如癱疾、行動不便 法表達言語的使用者。 人…、 =實際使訂，除了可糊絲摘村，彡情細者 不_4特定大砸域進行監測，村_贿柄方式施 以夕部壤境信4的刺激，例如提供—影像信號％或聲音作號幻 ，如以影像顯示或詢_題的方式(包括：是否肚子餓、^否’ 崎題)，再透過本發明的腦機介面1與使用者產生互動。 第二®，制為本發徹鼓腦狀雜資訊的腦機介 201232315 面第-實施例之示意圖。在本實 使用者2特定大腦區域所顯示的特定訊息，I由腦讓 測及分析觸後，顯示於顯林置4上(例如圖中=用^ :目前為城的狀態)’或是以揚聲裝置5對 容’可提醒照護人員注意使用者所發出的需求。曰内 第-=圖::為本發明收集大腦特定部位資訊的腦機介面 f二：。其中驅動裝置係包括1療辅具及-邀示 =。在本實關t，叫述的實財式可讓制者 _ 介面可包括-益線傳輸模- 例的信號傳輸 ”，、料賴、糊未不），而轉裝置6可以是一醫療 乂、(例如可調式病床、輪椅或其他醫療相關裝置），且其包括一警 可在f作信號％係傳輸至驅動裝置6之後，驅動病床 護人員注意使2的早7061以閃燈或聲響的方式，提醒照 在本發明之實施例中’前述之腦機介面可應用於大腦特定部 修例如偵测大細的肯定回答區及否定回答區的腦血流量變化。 ，閱第四〜五圖所示’第四圖係顯示大腦肯定回答區及否定回答區 之位置圖’而第五圖·貞示以腦機介面侧腦血流量變化之圖形 ^析。如圖所示’ 區树朗答區，而Β區為否定回 荅區。第五圖中顯示出以腦機介面偵測腦血流量之結果，其中紅 =波奴表不含氧血紅素隨時間的變化量，藍色波段表示去氧血紅 ”隨時間的變化量，而綠色波段表示兩者的綜合值。 第六〜七圖係顯示本發明之腦機介面偵測腦血流量變化之結 果i例如在第六Α〜六Β圖中，分別顯示出以本發明之腦機介面偵 測党測者的肯定回答區(A區)之腦血流量變化結果，例如在第六A s 201232315 及’、B 分職不丨在奴回答區無活觀活躍的 血紅素變化量，而在第七歧七3圖悄是分聰示出在否定回 答區(Β _轉及活_含氧及去氧錄雜化量。根據此些資 訊’可在對X财提問後’在無輕測者直接回答之情形下 接以受測者財如答區(Α區)及奴辟區(Β區)之私流量變 :果此 受測者之回答為「是」（奴回答)或「不是」（否定 =)。_顧讓外界可直接地理解其需求，特別適合用於例如 行動不便或無法表達言語的使用者。在此雖以大腦的肯定 σ p區及否&回合區作為特定實施例’但未來可應用之大腦功能 3非僅限於此，更可進—步顧於其他掌管特定魏的大腦功 月一、。因此’除了上述藉由提_題及回答的互動式應用之外， ，可進步針對其他掌官特定功能的大腦功能區，以主動式檢測 ^些區域是否轉的方式，主動地理解受測者的腦部訊號及思 、、’以改善其在醫療職方_品質與用途。 由乂上實施例可知，本發明所提供之收集大腦特定部位資訊 ^腦機；|面確具產業上之利祕值，，_上之敘述僅為本發明之 ^圭實施例綱，凡精於此項技藝者#可依據上述之說明而作其 =種種之改良’惟這纽變仍屬於本發明之精神及以下所界定之 專利範園中。 【圖式簡單說明】 第圖係為本發明收集大腦特定部位資訊的腦機介面之系統方塊 圖； 第-圖係為本發明收集大腦特定部位資訊的腦機介面第—實施例 之示意圖； 8 201232315 第三圖係為本發明收集大腦特定部位資訊的腦機介面第二實施例 之示意圖； 第四圖係顯示大腦肯定回答區及否定回答區之位置圖； 第五®係顯示以腦機介面制腦血流量變化之圖形解析； 第六〜七圖係顯示本發明之職介面債測腦血流量變化之結果。 【主要元件符號說明】 腦機介面 1 腦血流檢測單元 11 信號放大/濾波單元 12 類比/數位轉換單元 π 數位信號處理單元 η 信號傳輸介面 15 使用者 2 4 5 6 61 51 52 S3、S4 55 56 57 外部連接裝置 顯示裝置 *揚聲裝置 驅動裝置 警示單元 腦jk流信號 數位信號 資訊信號 動作信號 影像信號 聲音信號The detection unit is - near-infrared cerebral blood flow detection drunk element, secret detection shun H 7 dish to 2 唧 唧 near infrared spectroscopy; - signal release wave unit, will be received 201232315 received from this, blood flow detection unit The resident signal is filtered by the off-put filter; the analogy/number_change is converted to the digital blood stream received from the signal exhaustion unit. Also - the digital processing unit 'will be able to analyze the processing of the digital signal from the fine-numbered post-conversion unit, and whether the large-necked part of the (4) is active, and according to the situation, it should produce "information money or action money"; - The signal transmission interface is connected to the bribe processing unit and transmitted to an external connection device by means of the information or action signal. σ, through the technical segment of the invention, the method of detecting the cerebral blood of a specific part of the brain of the person, and directly using the specific action, idea, The specific brain parts corresponding to emotions can effectively improve the brain function, correctness and reality, and can be applied to the auxiliary medical use of users who have difficulty in recording or unable to express words in the future. [Embodiment] Referring to the first figure, it is a brain-computer interface=system block diagram for collecting information on specific parts of the brain of the present invention. As shown by the present invention, the brain-computer interface 1 of the present invention (4) includes a turbulence detecting unit u, a signal amplifying/filtering unit 12, an analog/digital converting unit 13, a digital signal processing unit 14, and The signal transmission interface 15' is described below in terms of the system and the various domain units. ^Invented by (4) cerebral blood flow detection unit u can be - near-infrared cerebral blood flow detection unit (Near infixed se bribe), read-measure - user 2 brain specific blood flow signal S Bu due to 70 (^ The near-infrared spectrum up to 25G()nm has a relatively strong human penetrability relative to other wavelengths, and the longer spectral region is less penetrating to humans, and has a more secretive property, which can be non-invasive. In the human state, the human brain line (10) _f 彡 can be measured. The different infrared shortwaves 201232315 (such as the near infrared rays of 640 nm and 830 nm) can measure the oxidized hemoglobin (xy-Hb) in the brain and deoxidize. Data such as hemoglobin (deoxy-Hb) and total heme (t〇tal Hb) to construct the state of brain activity. The cerebral blood flow detecting unit 11 detects an analog signal and transmits it to the signal amplification/filtering unit. After 12, amplification and filtering can be performed, and then converted into a digital signal S2 via the analog/digital conversion unit 13. Next, the digital signal processing unit '14 analyzes the digital signal S2 received from the analog/digital conversion unit 13. Processing to determine the specific part of the brain of the user 2 Whether the bit is in an active state, and correspondingly generates an information signal S3, S4 or an action signal S5, and can output the information signal S3, H, or action signal to an external via the signal transmission interface 15 connected to the digital signal processing unit 14. Connecting device 3. ^ In the present invention, the external connecting device 3 includes a display skirt 4, a speaker device 5 and a driving device 6. The action signal S5 is transmitted to the driving display 6 for driving the device 6' And performing a predetermined action. If the information signal S3 is an image signal, it can be transmitted to the display device 4 for display, and if the information money % is a sound signal, it can be transmitted to the - speaker device 5, whether it is displaying the image. Or the way of sounding can be used to directly indicate the instructions to be issued by the brain, or to understand the needs of the ground, especially suitable for users who express words such as dysentery and inconvenient movements. In fact, in order to make a reservation, in addition to being able to pick up the village, the lyrical details are not monitored in a specific area, and the village_bribe method is applied to the stimulation of the evening land letter 4, for example, providing - image signal % or sound Fantasy, such as image display or inquiry method (including: whether you are hungry, ^ no 'saki", and then interact with the user through the brain-computer interface 1 of the present invention. Brain-brain-information brainstorming 201232315 Face-to-instance diagram. The specific message displayed in the specific brain region of the real user 2, I is measured by the brain and analyzed, and displayed on the display. (For example, in the figure = use ^: the current state of the city) 'or with the speaker device 5 to the right' can remind the caregiver to pay attention to the needs of the user. 曰内第==图:: collecting brain for the present invention Brain-computer interface f 2 of specific part information: The driving device includes 1 therapy aid and - invitation =. In this case, the real money type of the statement can be made to allow the maker _ interface to include - the signal transmission mode of the benefit line - the signal transmission of the example, the material is not used, and the device 6 can be a medical device. (eg, adjustable bed, wheelchair or other medical related device), and including a policeman can transmit the signal to the driving device 6 after the signal is transmitted to the driving device 6, and drive the patient care staff to pay attention to the early 7061 flashing or sounding In the embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned brain-computer interface can be applied to the specific part of the brain to repair, for example, the cerebral blood flow changes in the affirmative answering area and the negative answering area. The 'fourth figure shows the position map of the brain affirmative answer zone and the negative answer zone' and the fifth figure shows the graph of brain blood flow changes in the brain-computer interface. As shown in the figure, 'Zhang Shulang District, and the reclamation area is a negative return area. The fifth picture shows the results of detecting brain blood flow by brain-computer interface, in which red = wave slave table does not change the amount of hemoglobin with time, blue band indicates Deoxygenated red blood changes with time, while green band indicates Integrated's value. The sixth to seventh graphs show the results of detecting the changes of cerebral blood flow by the brain-computer interface of the present invention, for example, in the sixth to sixth graphs, respectively, showing the affirmation of the party-detector of the brain-computer interface of the present invention. The results of cerebral blood flow changes in the answer area (area A), for example, in the sixth A s 201232315 and ', B are not in the slave response area, there is no active and active hemoglobin change, but in the seventh qi 7 Quietly, it is shown in the negative answer area (Β _ _ _ _ _ oxygen and deoxygenation amount of hybridization. According to this information 'can be asked after the X financial question' in the case of no direct test The private traffic of the subject's financial district, such as the answer zone (the district) and the slave zone (the district): The respondent's answer is “yes” (slave answer) or “no” (negative =). _ allows the outside world to directly understand its needs, especially suitable for users who are inconvenient or unable to express words. Although the brain's positive σ p area and no & round area are used as specific examples 'but in the future The brain function of the application 3 is not limited to this, but it is more advisable to take care of other brains that are in charge of a particular Wei. In addition to the above-mentioned interactive application by asking questions and answering, it is possible to improve the brain functional area for other specific functions of the official, to actively detect whether or not the areas are rotated, and actively understand the brain of the subject. The Ministry of Signals and Thoughts, 'to improve its medical staff _ quality and use. As can be seen from the above examples, the present invention provides information on the collection of specific parts of the brain ^ brain machine; | face has industry secret value The description of the above is only the embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make improvements according to the above descriptions. However, this change still belongs to the spirit of the present invention and the following. The defined patents are in the garden. [Simplified illustration] The figure is a system block diagram of the brain-computer interface for collecting information on specific parts of the brain. The first-picture is the brain-computer interface for collecting information on specific parts of the brain. A schematic diagram of a first embodiment; 8 201232315 The third diagram is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a brain-computer interface for collecting information on specific parts of the brain; the fourth diagram shows a brain affirmative answer zone and a negative answer zone. The fifth version shows the graphical analysis of changes in cerebral blood flow with brain-computer interface; the sixth to seventh images show the results of changes in cerebral blood flow measured by the interface of the present invention. Interface 1 Cerebral blood flow detecting unit 11 Signal amplifying/filtering unit 12 Analog/digital conversion unit π Digital signal processing unit η Signal transmission interface 15 User 2 4 5 6 61 51 52 S3, S4 55 56 57 External connection device display device* Speaker device driving device warning unit brain jk stream signal digital signal information signal action signal video signal sound signal