TW201228634A - Method for assessing vascular stiffness index - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for assessing a vascular stiffness index uses an airbag to impose pressure on a limb of a subject to assess the stiffness index of a blood vessel, comprising a pressure imposing step, a pressure releasing step and a calculation step. The pressure imposing step and the pressure releasing step are used to obtain the diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure and average artery blood pressure of the blood vessel. In the calculation step, the blood vessel volume variation during the blood pressure measurement can be calculated. Given the blood vessel pressure is equal to the average artery blood pressure, the vascular stiffness index is the difference of the systolic blood pressure and the diastolic blood pressure divided by the blood vessel volume variation. Accordingly, without using expensive facilities or complicated measurement and analysis, the vascular stiffness index can be measured if diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure and average artery blood pressure are obtained, thereby simplifying measurement and analysis and reducing equipment cost.

Description

201228634 VI. Description of the Invention: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a detection method, particularly to a method for detecting a blood vessel hardening index. [Prior Art] Arterial Hardening, in addition to aging factors, many diseases can also cause arteriosclerosis. Cerebral Vessel Disease and Cardiac in the top ten causes of death of Chinese people

Disease, Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertensi〇n disease, and a significant proportion of Renal Disease are directly or indirectly related to arterial vascular hardening. However, various external factors (poor living habits, prolonged stress, lack of exercise, etc.) and intrinsic factors (hereditary diseases) can cause premature atherosclerosis or lesions. In recent years, the quality of life of Chinese people has improved, and the patterns of diet and exercise have been greatly different from those of the past. As a result, many age groups of old age diseases have gradually become younger, and most of these diseases are related to arterial cirrhosis. In addition to hereditary disease and ageing, the arteriosclerosis caused by other acquired factors can be predicted early and controlled by drugs, diet or exercise. In view of this, it is absolutely necessary to predict the degree of hardening of arterial blood vessels early. At present, many techniques have been used to indirectly estimate the degree of hardening of the arteries. These two technologies mainly include Ultrasound Echo-Tracking (Doppler)' pulse wave transit time analysis technology (Eight Immortals) 匕Transh

Tlme), Impedance Plethysomgraphy, 201228634 Photo-Plethysmography, Oscillometry, Tonometry, and Analysis of Pressure Waveform. Among them, the ultrasonic technique can measure the flow rate of the it solution or the diameter of the blood vessel. If the blood pressure measurement at other locations is added, the arterial compliance can be derived, and a high resolution for the arterial atherosclerotic disease has been developed clinically. Intravascular Ultrasound System (IVUS), in pulse wave transit time analysis technology, using pulse wave velocity (PWV, Pulse Wave Velocity), vessel size (r) and wall thickness (h) The relationship, PWV2 = Eh / 2rp (where p is blood density), indirectly estimates the elastic coefficient of the arterial wall (7); other techniques such as impedance and optical plethysm utilize the electrical properties of the tissue and The difference in light absorbance at a specific wavelength is used to indirectly estimate the volume of the blood vessel, and then the blood pressure waveform is used to estimate the elastic force of the blood vessel; while the oscillation technique and the compression technique are respectively pushed through the fluid between the blood vessel and the balloon. Interaction and pressure measurement to estimate the compliance of the vessel wall; in the blood pressure waveform analysis technique, the index of the arterial blood pressure diastolic phase is utilized. The shape decay phenomenon is used to estimate the compliance of the vascular chamber. In addition, there is also a small area of indentation technique (Indentati〇n) to measure arterial compliance. For example, the inner valley disclosed in the Chinese Patent Publication No. 2〇〇91丨199 is used to gradually press the surface of the skin by an actuator. Concave, the average blood pressure of the skin is measured by a pressure sensor, and the depth of the depression at this time is sensed by a displacement sensor to obtain the average blood pressure and compliance of the artery. However, the above methods are quite complex and require a variety of sensing devices to cooperate with 201228634 as a 'adverse home or clinical application. Furthermore, the hardness of the arterial blood vessels is not a certain value, but varies with the blood pressure in the blood vessel lumen, that is, the hardness of the arterial blood vessel is a function of blood pressure and a function of time, and due to the mean arterial blood pressure (Mean Arterial Pressure, MAP) is the basis for the operation of various physiological functions. Therefore, the arterial atherosclerosis index at the mean arterial blood pressure not only has important physiological significance, but also has the most reference value. Therefore, how to easily obtain the average arterial blood pressure Arterial atherosclerosis refers to # ' is necessary. Although balloon sphygmomanometers containing reference indicators of blood vessel hardness have appeared on the market, the authenticity of their parameters and regional indicators are still questionable. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting a blood f-hardening index under mean arterial blood pressure by using a simple method. Thus, the method for detecting an arteriosclerosis index of the present invention utilizes The balloon applies pressure to a subject's limb to detect the degree of hardening of the arterial vessel and includes a -pressurization step, a pressure relief step, and a calculation step. In the pressurizing and non-pressing steps, there are two embodiments. One is to quickly pressurize the airbag surrounding the limb to a high pressure preset value to apply pressure to the limb of the subject, and then The airbag is gradually pressed to a low pressure preset value. The internal pressure of the airbag during the gradual pressure relief, the interaction between the sacral sac and the arterial vessels, and the corresponding time are recorded through an instrument. And #... caused by the internal pressure of the balloon and the relaxation history of the U arterial blood f, systolic blood pressure, and mean arterial blood pressure; straight _ & 纟,, 疋 first to the airbag around the limb 201228634 gradually pressurized To the preset value of the south pressure, through the instrument to record the internal pressure of the airbag during the gradual pressurization, the change of the internal pressure of the airbag caused by the interaction between the airbag and the arterial blood vessel, and the corresponding time, and obtain The diastolic blood pressure of the arterial vasoconstriction, and the mean arterial ash pressure, the blood is quickly released to a low pressure preset value to end the application of pressure to one of the subject's limbs. In the calculation step, the amount of change in the volume of the arterial blood vessel is estimated in a state in which the internal pressure of the balloon is equivalent to the mean arterial blood pressure, and the index of the arteriosclerosis relative to the mean arterial blood pressure is divided by the difference between the systolic blood pressure and the diastolic blood pressure. The amount of change in the volume of the arterial vessel. The effect of the invention is that it does not require the use of expensive instruments or complicated measurement and analysis methods, as long as the systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and arterial blood vessel volume change of the arteries are obtained, the relative arterial blood pressure can be calculated. The indicators of hardening of the arteries are not only easy to measure and analyze, but also reduce equipment costs. The above and other technical contents, features and effects of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a preferred embodiment of the method for measuring the hardness of a blood vessel according to the present invention is characterized in that an airbag 1 is used to cover a limb 2 (upper or lower limb) of a subject, and the balloon 1' is inflated and pressurized. Applying to the covered part 2 of the limb to detect the degree of hardening of the arterial blood vessel 21, in the present embodiment, the radial artery of the upper arm is measured as an example, but not limited thereto, the measuring method Package 201228634 contains - pressurization step 3, a tapping step 4, and - calculation step 5. = cut to the force, step 3 and (4) step 4, the first way is in the έ 加压 pressurization step 3, the material IS2 u m factory $ for the airbag surrounding the limb 2! The speed is increased by a high (four) setting value. Then in the occupational pressure step 4, the limb 2 is pressed (four) to make the airbag! Step by step «to - low pressure pre-quote value" through the instrument to record the internal pressure of the balloon 1 during the step (four) process, the interaction between the balloon 1 and the artery and the artery

« 1 internal pressure change, and the corresponding time, and obtain the diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, and mean arterial blood pressure of the arterial blood. The first mode is that in the pressurizing step 3, the airbag 1 surrounding the limb 2 is gradually pressurized to a high pressure preset value, and the airbag 1 is recorded by an instrument during the stepwise pressurization process. Internal pressure, the airbag! And the amount of change in the internal pressure of the balloon 1 caused by the interaction between the x-arterial blood s 21 and the corresponding time 'and obtain the arterial blood f 21 & diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, and mean arterial blood pressure, and then In the pressure step 4, the limb 2 is quickly relieved, so that the airbag 1 is quickly released to a low pressure preset value. In this embodiment, the high pressure preset value is usually higher than the average person's shrinkage pressure, and the optimal range is! 〇〇~2〇〇mmHg, the low pressure preset value is usually lower than the average person's diastolic pressure, and its optimal range is 20~60mmHg 'in both pressurization and pressure relief modes' When the airbag 1 is rapidly pressurized to the high pressure preset value, the airbag 1 is gradually relieved at a speed of 3.5 mmHg per second, and the second is when the airbag is 33_5 mmHg per second. The speed is gradually pressurized to the high pressure preset value, and then the balloon 1 is rapidly vaporized. The instrument is an electronic sphygmomanometer. Due to the structure of the instrument, and the method of adding 201228634 pressure and/or drag is known. Can be easily understood by the artist and will not be shown or described. The hardness E (or called elastic resistance) of the arterial blood vessel 21 is defined as the ratio of the amount of change in blood vessel pressure (ΔΡ) to the amount of change in blood vessel volume (Δν) as shown in the formula (1): ^ ΑΡ Ε =- .................................................. .......... As shown in Fig. 1, a balloon 宽度 having a width L is wrapped around the limb 2, and when the balloon 1 is pressurized, the internal pressure and volume of the balloon 1 are non-linear. a linear relationship, but as shown in Fig. 3, when the internal pressure of the balloon is maintained at the mean arterial blood pressure 'and when the internal pressure changes or the oscillation is extremely small, it is apparent that the internal pressure of the balloon is within the narrow range The relationship between volumes can be considered to be approximately linear. Referring to Figures 1 and 3, the blood in the arterial vessel 21 and the media tissue 22 and the bone 23 interposed between the arterial vessel 21 and the balloon 1 are substances that are relatively incompressible and in the balloon i Air is a substance that is easily compressible. When the internal pressure of the balloon is at the mean arterial blood pressure, due to the interaction between the balloon 1 and the artery 21, as shown in Fig. 3, the volume of the artery 21 is at the minimum point of diastole (A) and systole. The volume change amount (ie, ΔVa=Va, sys_Va, dia) generated at the maximum point (B) is directly reflected in the volume change amount (ΔVfVc'l - Ve, 2) of the airbag 1 ' It is the airbag! The maximum volume point (C) should be relative to the smallest point (A) of the volume of the arterial vessel 21, and the smallest volume point (D) of the balloon 1 should be relative to the volume of the artery 21 at the maximum point 201228634 (B) Therefore, a certain proportion of the volume change of the arterial blood vessel 21 is reflected in the volume change amount of the air bag 1. As shown in Fig. 4, in this embodiment, the systolic blood pressure (ps), diastolic blood pressure (pd), heart rate, and mean arterial blood pressure (Meail Arterial Pressure, MAP) of the subject are measured by Oscillometry. The average arterial blood pressure of the subject is maximized relative to the intrapulmonary pressure pulsation amplitude (ΔΡ.) during gradual pressure relief or stepwise pressurization (ΔΡ (; airbag internal pressure d at ma〇).

In the calculation step 5, the volume change (Δ%) of the arterial blood vessel 21 during the blood pressure measurement can be calculated, and the hardening index of the arterial blood vessel 21 is obtained in a state where the pressure of the arterial blood vessel 21 is equal to the average arterial blood pressure. (emap) is the difference between the systolic blood pressure (Ps) and the diastolic blood pressure (Pd) divided by the volume change of the arterial blood vessel 21 (Λν^Αρ), as shown in the formula (2):

When the internal pressure of the balloon is maintained at the mean arterial blood pressure, the amplitude of the pulsation of the internal pressure of the balloon caused by the blood flow pulse is only about 3 mm of mercury, so the internal pressure of the balloon in this narrow range fluctuates, and the internal pressure of the balloon is normal at normal temperature. (6) The product of the airbag volume (vc) can be regarded as a constant, that is, Ρεχ, = constant, and at the same time, within the narrow variation range of 1 to 3 mmHg, it can be regarded as a fixed value, as shown in formula (3). : The hardness of the airbag 1 (Ec, map)

Ec MAP —

^C, MAP ^C, MAP

PC=MAP (3) wherein, as shown in Fig. 3, ΔVC, MAP and ΔΡ^μαρ are the amplitudes of the volume change of the balloon 1 and the amount of change in the internal pressure of the balloon when the intravesical pressure 201228634 is maintained at the mean arterial blood pressure, respectively. The amplitude, that is, Δν(;, ΜΑΡ=νΜ_νΜ and APc, map=Pc,i-Pc,2, therefore: Λ F _ ^CMAP C, MAP----

Ec'mP Pe=MAP..................................... As mentioned earlier, when When the internal pressure of the balloon is maintained at the mean arterial blood pressure, the volume change of the balloon 1 reflects a part of the volume change of the artery 21, so the volume change of the artery 21 is equal to the volume change of the balloon 除 divided by a constant. (k), therefore ~Va, MAP=jXAVc, mp ±χ^£ΜΑΡ_ k ec map (5)

-MAP Since a part of the volume change of the arterial blood vessel 21 is reflected to the volume change of the balloon 1, the constant k is between 〇 and 丨, and equation (5) is substituted into equation (2) ,then:

k Ec,MAp

Pc = MAP

After finishing, you can get:

PP APC,

MAP (7)

--MAP where PP is Pulse Pressure, equal to systolic blood pressure (卩5) minus diastolic blood pressure (Pd), Ee, MAP is the hardness of the balloon 1 at mean arterial blood pressure, and when the balloon internal pressure is maintained At the mean arterial blood pressure, the hardness of the balloon 1 is again 10 201228634 can be regarded as a fixed value (that is, a constant), therefore, as long as the difference between the systolic blood pressure and the diastolic blood pressure (PP) of the arterial blood vessel can be obtained, and the airbag is The value of the intravascular pressure difference (ΔPC, MAP) between the systolic blood pressure and the diastolic blood pressure of the arterial blood vessel 21 can be measured by the equation (7) to determine the arteriosclerosis index (EjvjAP) at the mean arterial blood pressure. According to the description of the above embodiment, the method for detecting an arteriosclerosis index of the present invention is such that a difference value (PP) between the systolic blood pressure and the diastolic blood pressure of the arterial blood vessel 21 and a systolic blood pressure of the air bag 1 with respect to the arterial blood vessel 21 are obtained. The difference in the internal pressure of the balloon between the diastolic blood pressures (ΔΡε, ΜΑρ) and the known hardness (Ee, MAp) of the balloon i at the mean arterial blood pressure can obtain the hardening index of the arterial blood vessel 21, and contribute to Knowing the elastic change of the arterial blood vessel 21 does not require the use of an Amber's instrument or a complicated analytical calculation method, so that the object of the present invention can be achieved. However, the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, that is, the simple equivalent changes made by the scope of the invention and the description of the invention. Modifications are still within the scope of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional view of a balloon in a preferred embodiment of a method for detecting an arteriosclerosis index according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing the measurement. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the interaction between the balloon and the arterial vessel; 201228634 and Figure 4 are a variation of the internal pressure of the balloon, illustrating the internal pressure of the balloon during the oscillating blood pressure measurement process. The situation of change.

12 201228634 [Explanation of main component symbols] 1 Airbag 23 Bone 2 Limb 3 Pressurization step 21 Arterial blood pressure 4 Pressure relief step 22 Media organization 5 Calculation steps

13

Claims (1)

201228634 VII. Patent application scope: 1. A method for detecting an arteriosclerosis index, which measures the degree of hardening of an arterial blood vessel by applying pressure to a limb of a subject, and includes the following steps: a rapid pressurization step, Surrounding the airbag to the limb, and rapidly pressurizing the airbag to a high pressure preset value to apply pressure to one of the subject's limbs; a stepwise pressure relief step, gradually releasing the airbag to a low pressure Predetermined value, through an instrument to record the air pressure in the airbag during the step of pressure relief, the change of the internal pressure of the airbag caused by the interaction between the airbag and the arterial blood vessel, and the corresponding time, and obtain the arterial blood vessel Diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure' and mean arterial blood pressure; and a calculation step of estimating the amount of change in arterial blood vessel volume in a state in which the internal pressure of the balloon is equivalent to the mean arterial blood pressure, and the mean arterial blood pressure w tube hardening finger# The difference between the value of the contraction and the #张继# is divided by the amount of change in the volume of the arterial vessel. 2. According to the scope of application for patents! The tester for the indication of the arteriosclerosis is referred to as 'the average arterial blood pressure at the calculation step t' refers to the balloon internal pressure at which the amplitude of the change in the balloon (10) reaches a maximum during the gradual process. 3. According to the method for detecting an arteriosclerosis index according to item 2 of the patent application scope, wherein, in the calculation step, when the airbag inner chamber is in the average arterial blood chamber, the airbag interior and the airbag volume are at-normal temperature. The product is a fixed value, and the gas caused by the interaction between the balloon and the arterial vessel is relatively small. Therefore, the amount of change in the internal pressure of the balloon is divided by the amount of change in the volume of the balloon. Hardness can be regarded as a certain value. 4. According to the test method of the vascular sclerosis index described in item 3 of the patent scope, 'in this calculation step', when the internal pressure of the balloon is at the mean arterial blood pressure, the volume change of the balloon will reflect a part of the arterial blood vessel. In the volume change, the volume change of the arterial vessel is equal to the volume change of the balloon, divided by a constant, which is between 〇 and 1. 5. According to the detection method of the arteriosclerosis index mentioned in the first paragraph of the patent scope, wherein the optimal range of the low pressure preset value is 2〇~6〇mmHg, and the preset value of the pressure is optimal. The range is 1 〇〇 ~ 2 〇〇 mm Hg. 6. A method for detecting an arteriosclerosis index, which measures the degree of hardening of an arterial blood vessel by applying pressure to a limb of a subject, and includes the following steps: a stepwise pressurizing step, surrounding the balloon The limb gradually pressurizes the airbag to a preset value of high pressure, and records an internal pressure of the airbag during the stepwise pressurization, a change in the internal pressure of the airbag caused by the interaction between the airbag and the arterial blood vessel through an instrument, and Corresponding time and obtain the diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, and mean arterial blood pressure of the artery; a rapid pressure relief step, the airbag is quickly released to a low pressure preset value to end one of the limbs of the subject The pressure applied; and a calculation step of estimating the amount of change in the volume of the arterial blood vessel in a state in which the internal pressure of the balloon corresponds to the mean arterial blood pressure, and the index of vascular sclerosis relative to the mean arterial blood pressure is the systolic blood pressure The difference in diastolic blood pressure is divided by the amount of change in arterial vessel volume. 15 201228634 According to the scope of application of the sixth paragraph of the patent application, the detection method of the arteriosclerosis index is 'in the calculation step, the average arterial blood pressure refers to the change in the airbag during the stepwise pressurization process. The inside of the airbag/firm 0 when the amplitude of the change of the 丄guang change reaches the maximum. 8. The method for detecting the blood g-hardening index according to item 7 of the patent application scope, wherein 'the calculation of the step, when the airbag (four) is at the average move When the time is abnormal, the product of the internal pressure of the balloon and the volume of the balloon is a solid value ▲' and the change of the internal pressure of the balloon caused by the interaction between the balloon and the artery is relatively small, so it is equal to the change of the internal pressure of the balloon. The hardness of the airbag divided by the amount of change in the volume of the airbag can be regarded as a certain value. 9. According to the method for detecting an arteriosclerosis index according to item 8 of the patent scope, wherein in the calculation (4), when the internal pressure of the balloon is at the average arterial blood pressure, the volume change of the balloon will reflect a part of the arterial blood vessel. The amount of volume change, therefore the amount of change in arterial vessel volume is equal to the amount of change in balloon volume divided by a constant between 〇 and 丨. 1 〇· According to the detection method of the arteriosclerosis index mentioned in item 6 of the scope of the patent application, the optimal range of the low pressure preset value is 2〇~6〇mmH, and the preset value of the pressure is the most The preferred range is 丨〇〇~2〇〇mmHg. 16