201215192 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明大體上係關於通信，且更特定而言係關於用於在 多媒體流之間切換接收之技術。 【先前技術】 一無線通信系統可同時傳輸多個用於廣播、多點廣播 及/或單點廣播服務之資料流。一資料流係可由一無線器 件獨立接收之資料之流。一廣播傳輸被傳送至覆蓋範圍内 所有無線器件，一多點廣播傳輸被傳送至一組無線器件， 而一單點廣播傳輸被傳送至一特定無線器件。舉例而言， 一基地台可經由陸地無線電鏈路傳輸數個用於多媒體（例 如，電視)節目之資料流，α由該基地台覆蓋範圍内之無 線器件接收。 …、，、裏益件在任何給定時刻僅可接收由基地台傳輸之 媒體即目之-。為接收此節目’該無線器件識別所有由 地台傳輸之用於該節目的資料流，心各感興趣之資料 的相關參數（例如，如何傳輸各資料流及傳輸至何處）， ，該等參數解碼各資料流，錢„_步處理各已解碼之資 L 乂產生適宜向使用者展示之輸出。該無線器件持續解 用於選擇節目之資料流，且只要選擇接收該節目，即以 瓜式提供已解碼之資料。 裳：：用者選擇接收另一多媒體節目，則通常該無線器1 订一組任務以獲取、解碼並展示新節目。該等任牙 H终止當前節目之解码及處理，識別所有由基地台浪 160480.doc -4- 201215192 輸之用於新節目的資料流’確定用於新節目之各資料流之 相關參數，並根據該等參數解碼各新資料流。無線器件在 其為新節目執行該等任務期間可使用舊節目最後已解碼之 λ框來"停止"顯示或使用藍色或黑色背景來"清空"顯示。 對某些無線系，统，獲取並解碼新節目所需之時間可相對較 長（例如’超過1秒）。在此情況下，在整個時間持續期間停 止或凊空顯不對使用者而言可為"令人討厭的”。 因此在此項技術中需要在多媒體流之間切換接收之更好 的技術》 【發明内容】 本文描述在多媒體節目/流之間無縫切換接收之技術。 =等技術在某些情況下可向使用者提供更好的節目切換感 又及更陕的獲取速度。該等技術包括當前選擇節目之”持 續解喝”’預期選擇節目之”早期解碼"，及 之 視訊及音訊傳輸。 對於持續解碼而言，—無線器件持續接收、解碼、解壓 縮並（視情況）顯示-當前節目（即使在選擇新節目之後）， 直至接收到解碼新節目所需之附加資訊。在流處理内容 令，”解碼"表示實體層接收器處理或頻道解碼，且"解壓 =表示更高層之接收器處理或源解碼（例如，視訊及音訊 解壓縮卜在獲得該附加資訊後’該無線器件解碼新節目 ::: 續使用先前為當前節目獲得之已解竭之資料來解壓縮 =郎目。接著該無線器件在完成該新節目之解碼後對其 仃解壓縮。若使用分層編碼來傳輪當前節目及新節目 160480.doc 201215192 (其並非必需）’則如下所述’兩個節目間之切換可更平 穩。 對於早期解碼而言，該無線器件接收一使用者輸入並識 別具有被使用者選擇之可能的節目。該使用者輸入可為節 目單之喚起、經由該節目單之使用者巡覽（user _igati〇n)、 遙控器單元上之鍵擊等。該已識別之節目可為由使用者輸 入反白顯示H戈基於使用者輸入預期被選擇之節目。 該無線器件在該已識別之節目被選擇前起始其解碼，使得 若所後選擇該節目’其可在較短的時間内被解壓縮並顯 示。該無線器件在預期使用者選擇一新節目時亦可執行某 些任務（例如，持續接收附加資訊），使得可更早地解碼了 解壓縮並顯示此節目。 對於經時間補償之傳輸，—基地h考慮音訊處理延遲 與視訊處理延遲之間差異之方式來傳㈣於1目之視m 及音訊。若該視訊處理延遲較該音訊處理延遲長則 基地台可早傳輸視訊1著該無線器件可用很少或不 用緩衝即可在達成視訊及音訊之適當相校準的同時來接 收、解碼、解壓縮並展示該音訊及視訊。由於其處理延遲 較短:此允許無線器件在節目轉換時更早的展示音訊，且 因此提供對節目轉換更快的回應。 下文進一步詳述本 本文所述之技術可獨立或組合應用 發明之各種態樣及實施例。 【實施方式】 情況或說明"。 本文使用詞語"例示性"來表示”作為實例 ]60480.doc 201215192 任何本文所述為”例示性"之實施例或設計不需被解釋為較 其它實施例或設計更佳或更優。 可將本文所述用於在多媒體流之間無縫切換接收之技術 用於無線及有線通訊系統，經分時多工（TDM)、經分頻多 工（FDM)及經分碼多工（CDM)之系統，及單載體與多載體 系統。多載體可由正交分頻多工（OFDM)、某些其它多載 體調變技術或某些其它建構提供。本文所述之技術亦可用 於廣播、多點廣播及單點廣播服務。為清晰起見，下文對 於一例示性無線通信系統描述該等技術，該系統使用一特 定連接碼機制、一特定訊框結構及一特定傳輸機制。 圖1展7F —無線通信系.統100中基地台11〇及無線器件15〇 之方塊圖。基地台110通常為一固定台，且其亦可稱作一 基地收發器系統（BTS)、一存取點、一傳輸器或某些其它 術語。無線器件150可為固定式或移動式，且其亦可稱作 一使用者終端、一移動台、一接收器或某些其它術語。無 線器件150亦可為一便攜式單元，諸如一行動電話、一掌 上型器件、一無線模組、一個人數位化助理（pDA)等等。 在基地台11〇，一τχ資料處理器120自資料源112接收多 個（T)資料流（或"通行"資料）並處理（例如，壓縮、編碼、 父錯及符號映射）各資料流以產生資料符號。如本文所 用，一"資料符號"係一用於通訊資料之調變符號，一"嚮 導符號H於料（其為由基地台與無線H件推定所知 之資料）之調變符號，且一調變符號係對於信號集中一點 之複雜值，該信號集用於一調變機制（例如，M_PSK、 160480.doc 201215192 QAM等等）。—多工器（Mux)/調變器130接收並用嚮導符號 將用於所有資料流之資料符號多工並產生一複合符號流。 調變器130對該複合符號流執行調變並產生一資料樣本 流。一傳輸單元（TMTR)132將該資料樣本流轉換為類比訊 號並進一步調節（例如，放大、過濾及頻率上轉 (upc〇nvert))該類比訊號以產生一調變訊號。接著基地台 110將該調變訊號自天線134傳輸至該系統中之無線器件。 在無線器件150處，來自基地台110之該經傳輸之訊號由 天線152接收並提供至一接收器單元（RCVR)154。接收器 單元154調節（例如，過濾、放大、頻率下轉（d〇Wnconvert) 及數位化）所接收之訊號並提供一輸入樣本流。一解調變 盗/解多工器（Demod/Demux)丨6〇對輸入樣本執行解調變以 獲得用於一個或多個感興趣之資料流（例如，用於一選擇 多媒體節目之所有資料流）的經接收之符號。解調變器⑽ 進-步對該經接收之符號執行摘測（例#等化或匹配過幻 以獲得經偵測之資料㈣’其為基土也台11〇所發送之資料 符號的估計值。一 RX資料處理器17〇為各選擇資料流而處 理(例如’符號解映射、解交錯、解碼及解壓縮）該經谓測 之資料符號並提供用於該流之輸出資料。解調變器⑽及 RX資料處理器17〇之處理分別互補基地台⑽處調變器⑽ 及tx資料處理器12〇之處理一後處理器18〇處理(例如， 轉換至類比、過濾及放大）用於所 /叩a π選資枓流之輸出資料並 產生適於展*在-電子㈣單元182(例如，—lcd榮幕）、 一音訊單元184(例如’一揚聲器、月/ 车益）及/或其它輸出器件上的 160480.doc 201215192 輸出訊號。 控制器140及190分別指引基地台i 1〇及無線器件15〇處之 運作。s己憶體單元142及192分別提供控制器14〇及190所用 之程式碼及資料的儲存區。控制器14〇或一排程器144可為 由基地台11 0傳輸之資料流分配資源。 基地台11 0可為多媒體（例如，電視）節目或多媒體内容 (諸如視訊、音訊、電視文字（teletext)、資料、視訊/音訊 剪輯等等）而傳輸該T資料流。可在多個資料流中傳輸一單 個多媒體節目，該等多個資料流例如用於視訊、音訊及資 料之三個單獨資料流。此允許一無線器件獨立接收多媒體 節目之視訊、音訊及資料部分。一單個多媒體節目亦可具 多個音訊資料流，例如用於不同語言。為簡單起見，下列 描述假定在一單獨資料頻道上發送各資料流，該種頻道亦 稱作一多工邏輯頻道（MLC)。在此情況下，在資料流與 MLC之間存在一對一之關係。通常，各個MLC/資料頻道 可載運任何數目之資料流。基地台11〇可使用各種傳輸機 制來傳輸該等資料流，其中一種如下敍述。 圖2展示一可用於系統1〇〇之例示性超訊框結構2〇〇。可 在超訊框中傳輸通訊資料，其中各超訊框21〇具有一預定 之持續時間（例如，約1秒）。一超訊框亦可稱作一訊框、一 時槽或某些其它術語。對於圖2所示之實施例，各超訊框 210包括一用於嚮導之欄位22〇、一用於一或多個額外/控 制資訊符號（OIS)之欄位230及一用於通訊資料之攔位 240。無線器件可使用嚮導來同步（例如，訊框偵測、頻率 160480.doc 201215192 誤差估算及時間獲取）且可能用於頻道估算。附加資訊可 為傳輸中的τ資料流指示多種參數（例如，超訊框中各資料 流之時間頻率位置）。Τ資料流在欄位240中發送。對於圖 2所示之實施例，欄位謂進—步劃分為四個相等大小之訊 4 a至242d以便於資料傳輸。大體而言，—超訊框可為 任意持續時間，且可包括任意數目之攔位及訊框。亦可將 嚮導及附力口資訊以不同於圖2所示之其它方式發送。 圖3說明MLC上-資料流之例示性傳輸。在資料塊中處 理該資料流。可在各超訊框中在MLC上傳輸Μ個資料塊， 其一各超訊框可各不相同。各資料塊含有二 數目之資訊位元並用一外部碼單獨編碼以形成一碼塊。接 著將各碼塊分割為四個子塊，且用—内部碼將各子塊編碼 並土；為。亥MLC所選擇之"模„來調變（意即，映射成調變符 號）各子塊β亥模可指示用於該之内部碼率及調變機 制。將用於各碼塊之調變符號四個子塊在一超訊框之四個 Λ框中傳輸’各訊框傳輸一子塊，以達成時間多樣性及穩 固的接收效月b。對各訊框而言，在已分配至該MW之訊框 部分中傳輸用於Μ個碼塊之河個子塊。 視-亥MLC所載運之資料流的特性及其它可能因素而定， :以持續或非持續之方式來傳輸各MLC。料超訊框而 吕’一 ”活動"MLC為在該超訊框中進行傳輸之MLC。各活 動MLCJ在該超訊框中載運一或多個資料塊。如圖3所 示為簡化資源之分配及指派，對於四個訊框而言，授予 各活動MLC相同的資源指派（例如，相同的時間_頻率位 160480.doc 201215192 再參看圖2，用於各超訊框之OIS可載運用於在該超訊框 中發送之所有活動MLC之”複合"附加資訊。該複合附加資 訊為各活動MLC輸送相關參數（例如，超訊框中MLC之時間-頻率位置）。此外，各MLC可載運關於此MLC在下個超訊 框之傳輸的”嵌入"附加資訊。該嵌入之附加資訊允許無線 器件無需檢查在該超訊框中所發送之0IS即可在下個超訊 框中恢復MLC之傳輸。無線器件初始可使用〇IS中之複合 附加資訊以確定各感興趣資料流之時間_頻率位置且隨後 可使用該嵌入之附加資訊以僅在傳輸該資料流時打開。可 在〇ISt或在一單獨控制頻道上發送用於各MLC之外部碼 及模。為清晰起見，下文描述假定用於各超訊框之〇18載 運接收在該超訊框尹發送各MLC所需之所有參數。 一實施例的方201215192 VI. Description of the Invention: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates generally to communications, and more particularly to techniques for switching reception between multimedia streams. [Prior Art] A wireless communication system can simultaneously transmit a plurality of data streams for broadcast, multicast, and/or unicast services. A data stream is a stream of data that can be independently received by a wireless device. A broadcast transmission is transmitted to all wireless devices in the coverage, a multicast transmission is transmitted to a group of wireless devices, and a single broadcast transmission is transmitted to a particular wireless device. For example, a base station can transmit a number of data streams for multimedia (e.g., television) programming via a terrestrial radio link, alpha being received by wireless devices within the coverage of the base station. ...,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, In order to receive the program, the wireless device identifies all data streams transmitted by the platform for the program, relevant parameters of the data of interest (for example, how to transmit the data streams and where to transmit them), The parameter decodes each data stream, and the money „_step processes each decoded resource L to generate an output suitable for display to the user. The wireless device continuously decodes the data stream for selecting the program, and only selects to receive the program, that is, the melon The decoded data is provided. Skirt:: The user chooses to receive another multimedia program, usually the wireless device 1 subscribes to a set of tasks to acquire, decode and display the new program. The device H terminates the decoding and processing of the current program. , identifying all data streams used by the base station wave 160480.doc -4- 201215192 for the new program to determine the relevant parameters for each data stream of the new program, and decoding each new data stream according to the parameters. The last decoded λ box of the old program can be used during the execution of the new program to "stop" display or use a blue or black background to "empty" For some wireless systems, the time required to acquire and decode a new program can be relatively long (eg, 'more than 1 second). In this case, stopping or blanking for the duration of the entire time is not visible to the user. For " annoying." Therefore, there is a need in the art for a better technique for switching reception between multimedia streams. [SUMMARY] This document describes techniques for seamlessly switching reception between multimedia programs/streams. = Other technologies can provide users with a better sense of program switching and more acquisition speed in some cases. These technologies include the "continuous decontamination" of the currently selected program, the "early decoding" of the intended selection of programs, and the video and audio transmission. For continuous decoding, the wireless device continues to receive, decode, decompress and (see) Case) Display - current program (even after selecting a new program) until additional information required to decode the new program is received. In the stream processing content, "decoding" indicates physical layer receiver processing or channel decoding, and " Decompression = indicates higher level receiver processing or source decoding (eg, video and audio decompression after the additional information is obtained) The wireless device decodes the new program::: Continues to use the previously exhausted data obtained for the current program To decompress = Langmu. Then the wireless device decompresses the new program after decoding it. If layered encoding is used to transmit the current program and the new program 160480.doc 201215192 (which is not required), then The 'switch between two programs can be smoother. For early decoding, the wireless device receives a user input and identifies that it has been The user selects a possible program. The user input can be an arousal of the program list, a user tour via the program list (user _igati〇n), a keystroke on the remote control unit, etc. The identified program can be In order to display, by the user input, the program is selected based on the user input. The wireless device starts decoding the identified program before it is selected, so that if the program is selected later, it can be shorter. The time is decompressed and displayed. The wireless device can also perform certain tasks (eg, continuously receiving additional information) when the user is expected to select a new program, so that the compression can be decoded earlier and the program can be displayed. Time-compensated transmission, the base h considers the difference between the audio processing delay and the video processing delay to transmit (4) to the video and audio. If the video processing delay is longer than the audio processing delay, the base station can be early. Transmitting video 1 The wireless device can receive, decode, decompress and display the audio signal and the appropriate phase alignment of the video with little or no buffering. And video. Because of its short processing delay: this allows the wireless device to present audio earlier when the program is converted, and thus provides a faster response to program conversion. Further details of the techniques described herein can be applied independently or in combination. Various aspects and embodiments of the invention. [Embodiment] Case or Description " This article uses the term "exemplary" to mean "as an example" 60480.doc 201215192 Any implementation described herein as "exemplary" The examples or designs need not be construed as being better or better than other embodiments or designs. The techniques described herein for seamlessly switching reception between multimedia streams can be used in wireless and wireline communication systems, with time-sharing TDM, frequency division multiplexing (FDM) and code division multiplexing (CDM) systems, and single carrier and multi-carrier systems. Multiple carriers may be provided by orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), some other multi-carrier modulation techniques, or some other construction. The techniques described herein can also be used for broadcast, multicast, and unicast services. For clarity, the techniques are described below for an exemplary wireless communication system that uses a particular connection code mechanism, a particular frame structure, and a particular transmission mechanism. Figure 1 shows a block diagram of the base station 11〇 and the wireless device 15〇 in the wireless communication system 100. Base station 110 is typically a fixed station and may also be referred to as a base transceiver system (BTS), an access point, a transmitter, or some other terminology. Wireless device 150 can be fixed or mobile and can also be referred to as a user terminal, a mobile station, a receiver, or some other terminology. The wireless device 150 can also be a portable unit such as a mobile phone, a handheld device, a wireless module, a digitization assistant (pDA), and the like. At the base station 11, a data processor 120 receives multiple (T) data streams (or "access" data) from the data source 112 and processes (e.g., compression, encoding, parent error, and symbol mapping) data. Stream to generate data symbols. As used herein, a "data symbol" is a modulation symbol used for communication data, and a "guide symbol H is a modulation symbol for the material that is known by the base station and the wireless H-piece. And a modulation symbol is a complex value for the signal set, which is used for a modulation mechanism (for example, M_PSK, 160480.doc 201215192 QAM, etc.). - The multiplexer (Mux)/modulator 130 receives and uses the wizard symbol to multiplex the data symbols for all data streams and generate a composite symbol stream. Modulator 130 performs modulation on the composite symbol stream and produces a stream of data samples. A transmission unit (TMTR) 132 converts the data sample stream into an analog signal and further conditions (e.g., amplifies, filters, and upc〇nvert) the analog signal to produce a modulated signal. Base station 110 then transmits the modulated signal from antenna 134 to the wireless device in the system. At wireless device 150, the transmitted signal from base station 110 is received by antenna 152 and provided to a receiver unit (RCVR) 154. Receiver unit 154 conditions (e.g., filters, amplifies, frequency down (d〇Wnconvert), and digitizes) the received signal and provides an input sample stream. A demodulation/demultiplexer (Demod/Demux) 丨 6〇 performs demodulation on the input samples to obtain one or more streams of interest (eg, for all data selected for a multimedia program) The received symbol of the stream). The demodulation transformer (10) performs a step-by-step measurement on the received symbol (eg, #equalize or match the illusion to obtain the detected data (4)', which is an estimate of the data symbol sent by the base soil. A RX data processor 17 processes (e.g., 'symbol demapping, deinterleaving, decoding, and decompressing) the pre-measured data symbols and provides output data for the stream for each selected data stream. The transformer (10) and the RX data processor 17 are processed by the complementary base station (10), the modulator (10) and the tx data processor 12, respectively, and the processor 18 (for example, converted to analog, filtered, and amplified). Selecting the output data of the turbulent flow at / 叩 a π and generating a suitable for-in-electronic (four) unit 182 (for example, -lcd screen), an audio unit 184 (eg 'one speaker, month/car benefit') / or other output device 160480.doc 201215192 output signal. The controllers 140 and 190 respectively guide the operation of the base station i 1 and the wireless device 15 respectively. The memory units 142 and 192 respectively provide the controller 14 Storage area for code and data used by 190. Controller 14 A scheduler 144 may allocate resources for the data stream transmitted by the base station 110. The base station 110 may be a multimedia (e.g., television) program or multimedia content (such as video, audio, teletext, data). Transmitting the T stream, the video stream can be transmitted in a plurality of streams, such as three separate streams for video, audio and data. Allowing a wireless device to independently receive the video, audio and data portions of the multimedia program. A single multimedia program may also have multiple streams of audio data, for example for different languages. For simplicity, the following description assumes that it is sent on a separate data channel. Each data stream, also known as a multiplexed logical channel (MLC). In this case, there is a one-to-one relationship between the data stream and the MLC. Typically, each MLC/data channel can carry any number of Data stream. The base station can transmit the data streams using various transport mechanisms, one of which is described below. Figure 2 shows an illustration that can be used in the system 1 The super-frame structure can be transmitted. The communication data can be transmitted in the super-frame, wherein each of the frames 21 has a predetermined duration (for example, about 1 second). A hyperframe can also be called a message. Box, time slot or some other term. For the embodiment shown in Figure 2, each hyperframe 210 includes a field for the guide 22, one for one or more additional/control information symbols (OIS) Field 230 and a stop 240 for communication data. The wireless device can be synchronized using a wizard (eg, frame detection, frequency 160480.doc 201215192 error estimation and time acquisition) and possibly for channel estimation. Additional information A plurality of parameters can be indicated for the τ data stream in the transmission (for example, the time frequency position of each data stream in the hyperframe). The data stream is sent in field 240. For the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the field is divided into four equally sized messages 4a through 242d for data transfer. In general, the hyperframe can be of any duration and can include any number of blocks and frames. The guide and attached information can also be sent in other ways than shown in Figure 2. Figure 3 illustrates an exemplary transmission of data streams on the MLC. Process the data stream in the data block. One data block can be transmitted on the MLC in each super frame, and each of the super frames can be different. Each data block contains two numbers of information bits and is separately encoded with an outer code to form a code block. Then, each code block is divided into four sub-blocks, and each sub-block is coded by the internal code; The sub-block β-module selected by the MLC to be modulated (that is, mapped into a modulation symbol) can indicate the internal code rate and modulation mechanism used for it. It will be used for the adjustment of each code block. The four sub-blocks of the variable symbol are transmitted in the four frames of the hyperframe. Each frame transmits a sub-block to achieve time diversity and a stable reception effect b. For each frame, it has been assigned to The sub-blocks of the river for transmitting the code blocks are transmitted in the frame portion of the MW. Depending on the characteristics of the data stream carried by the Vision-HML, and other possible factors, the MLCs are transmitted in a continuous or non-continuous manner. The super-frame and the 'one' activity "MLC is the MLC for transmission in the super-frame. Each activity MLCJ carries one or more data blocks in the superframe. As shown in Figure 3, to simplify the allocation and assignment of resources, for the four frames, the same resource assignments are granted to each active MLC (for example, the same time_frequency bit 160480.doc 201215192 see Figure 2 again for each The OIS of the hyperframe can carry the "composite" additional information for all active MLCs sent in the superframe. The composite additional information conveys relevant parameters for each active MLC (for example, the time of the MLC in the superframe) In addition, each MLC can carry "embedded" additional information about the transmission of this MLC in the next hyperframe. The embedded additional information allows the wireless device to check the 0IS sent in the superframe. The MLC transmission is resumed in the next hyperframe. The wireless device may initially use the composite additional information in the 〇IS to determine the time_frequency location of each data stream and then use the embedded additional information to transmit only the data. The stream is open. The external code and mode for each MLC can be sent on the 〇ISt or on a separate control channel. For the sake of clarity, the following description assumes that the 〇18 carrier reception for each superframe All the parameters required for each MLC are sent in the super frame.
圖4展示基地台110處丁父資料處理器12〇之 塊圖。為簡單起見，圖4展示用於一多媒體 產生兩個調變符號流，接著將該等 獲取一資料符號流。 視訊編碣器410接收並壓縮 的視訊資料流，並且提供 在TX資料處理器12〇中，—視气 用於多媒體節目之視訊部分的視气 160480.doc 201215192 用於該視訊部分之一基本流{‘}及一增強流(d小視訊 編碼器410可實施]VIPEG-2(運動影像專家組織）並可產生用 於該視訊資料流之内部編碼⑴訊框、前向預知(P)訊框及 雙向預知(B)訊框之序列。該基本流(CW可載運RP訊 框而該增強流{dxe}可載運㈣框並可能載運p訊框。大 體而言，視訊編碼器川可實施任何視訊壓縮機制，且基 本流與增強流可載運任何訊框類型及組合。 。▲錢理器接收並處理視訊基本流{dxb}。在 理器420中，一外部編碼器/交錯器422編碼視訊基本流 中之各資料塊並產生一碼塊。各資料塊含有K個資料封 包’且各資料塊可為外部編碼的，其使用（例如）一（N，K) 裏德所羅門^eed_SoIo_c〇de)來產生一具有n個外部 編碼封包之碼塊。舉例而言，—具扣個資料封包之資料 兔可使用3/4率裏德所羅門碼來編碼，以產生—具有μ 1 固：::二碼封包之碼塊。外部編碼器422亦產生-用於誤 差檢測（思即，禮定兮白甚 確解碼）之循環冗餘檢查 (叫值並附加該CRC值至各外部瑪封包。交錯器似將各 碼塊分割為用於四個訊框之四個子塊，且進 :二7)用於各訊框之該等外部碼塊。-内部二 乂曰益似使用（例如）_〇碼來編碼各外部媽封包，藉以 產生：内部編碼封包。交錯器424交錯各内部編碼封包中 之位凡以產生一交錯封包。—符號映射單元426基於為該 :見讯資料流選擇之調變機制(例如， 來 自交錯器424之位元映射成調變符號，並提供二於= 160480.doc 201215192 訊基本流之第一調變符號流{sxb}。 一 TX增強流處理器430處理該視訊增強流{^並提供一 第二調變符號流{Sxe}。處理器㈣可使用與處理器携用於 基本流之相同，或不同之外部碼、内部碼及調變機制。一 組合器440接收第—及第二調變符號流並分別使用增益〜 及Ges來標度（scale)該第一及該第二調變符號流，並組合該 等已標度之調變符號流以產生用於該視訊部分之一資料符 唬流{sx}。增益Gbs及Ges分別決定基本流及增強流之傳輸 功率（且因此決定覆蓋範圍若不使用分層編碼，則視訊 編碼器410提供一資料流{dx}，處理器42〇編碼此資料流以 產生資料符號流{sx}，且不需要處理器43〇及組合器。 一音訊編碼器450接收一音訊資料流{&}並為多媒體節目 之音訊部分編碼該音訊資料流{^，並提供用於該音訊部 分之一基本流{dyb}及一增強流{dye}。音訊編碼器45〇可實 施任何音訊壓縮機制。基本流{dyb}可載運單聲道音訊（例 如，左加右，或L+R)，而增強流{dye}可載運立體聲音訊 (例如，左減右，或L-R)。 一 TX基本流處理器460接收並處理該音訊基本流{dyb}， 且提供一用於音訊基本流之第一調變符號流“々}。在處理 器460中’用於音訊基本流之資料塊係由一外部編碼器/交 錯4 6 2來外部編碼並交錯’進一步由一内部編碼5| /交錯 器464來編碼並交錯，且由一符號映射單元466映射成調變 符號。一TX增強流處理器470處理該音訊增強流{dye}且提 供一第二調變符號流{Sye}。一組合器480接收、標度並組 160480.doc -13- 201215192 合該等調變符號流{syb}及{Sye}並產生一用於該音訊部分之 資料符號流{sy}。若不使用分層編碼，則音訊編碼器45〇提 供一資料流{dy}，處理器460編碼此資料流以產生資料符 號流{sy}’而不需要處理器470及組合器48〇。 視訊編碼器410及音訊編碼器450為資料流執行更高層處 理（或”壓縮"）。處理器420、430、460及470以及組合器440 及480為資料流執行實體層處理（或"編碼”）。可將用於其它 多媒體節目及/或其它内容之其它資料流以類似圖4所示之 方式壓縮並編碼。 圖5展示無線器件1 50處RX資料處理器j 7〇之一實施例的 方塊圖。為簡單起見，圖5展示用於一多媒體節目之視訊 及音訊的處理。在1〇^資料處理器17〇中，—RX基本流處理 器520及一 RX增強流處理器53〇自解調變器16〇接收一經偵 測之資料符號流{§x},其為用於視訊部分之資料符號流 {sx}之估計值。在處理器52〇中，一符號解映射器522解映 射該經偵測之資料符號並提供經偵測之位元，其可由對數 相似值比（LLR)表示。單元522可為解調變器16〇，而非rx 資料處理器170之部分…内部解交錯器/解碼器524基於 内。P碼解交錯並解碼各封包之债測位元，且提供一内部解 ^之封包。解碼器524亦使用附加至封包之CRC值檢查各 :部解碼之封包。一外部解交錯器/解碼器526為各訊框解 乂錯内部解碼之封包。若一給定碼塊之任何封包被錯誤解 馬則解碼器526基於（例如）(Ν，κ)裏德所羅門碼來為該 碼塊在N個内部解碼之封包上執行解瑪，並為該碼塊提供 160480.doc 201215192 κ個外部解碼之封包。若碼塊中無錯誤内料碼之封包， 則可跳過外部解碼》處理器520提供一經解碼之視訊美 流 RJ。 " 處理器530處理經债測之資料符號流{§χ}並提供—經解碼 之視訊增強流—視訊解碼器54〇接收經解碼之基本流 及增錢，以與在基地台執行之視訊壓縮互補❾方聽: 視訊解壓縮，並提供一經解壓縮之視訊資料流。一多工 器.544自-視訊緩衝器542接收該經解壓縮之視訊資料 及一輔助視訊流{Ux}並將流以或⑹作為輸出資料流Μ 而提供。視訊緩衝器542可儲存預先記錄之視訊剪輯、商 標、廣告、本文訊息等等。舉例而言，可將來自視訊緩衝 器542之内容在節目轉換間顯示，以向使用者表示新節目 之獲取在進行中。 一RX基本流處理器56〇及_RX增強流處理器57〇接收一 經侧之資料符號流⑸，其為用於視訊部分之資料符號流 N的估計值。在處理器56〇中’一符號解映射單元如解 映射經偵測之資料符號並提供經谓測之位元。單元％〗可 為解調變器160,而非Rx資料處理器17〇之部分。一内部 解交錯器/解碼器564解交錯並解碼各封包之經谓測之位 几’並提供-内部解碼之封包。解碼器亦使用附加至 封包之CRC值來檢查各内部解碼之封包。一外部解交錯^ 解碼器566為各訊框解交錯内部解碼之封包。對各個呈有 至少-封包錯誤之碼塊而言，解碼器細為該碼塊在㈣ 解碼之封包上執行外部解碼，並提供外部解碼之封包。處 160480.doc •15- 201215192 理器560提供一經解碼之視訊基本流。 處理器570處理經偵測之資料符號流以並提供— I v*2c, ηκ Xe. 之音訊增強流11。一音訊解碼器5 8 0接收經解碼之基本流 及增強流，並以與在基地台執行之音訊壓縮互補的:: 其進行解壓縮，且提供一經解壓縮之音訊資料流以。二多 二器584自一音訊緩衝器582接收該經解麗縮之音訊： W及-輔助音訊流{Uy}並將流y或{Uy}作為冑出資料： {vy}來提供。音訊緩衝器582可儲存預先記錄 ：Figure 4 shows a block diagram of the data processor 12 at the base station 110. For simplicity, Figure 4 shows a stream of two modulated symbols for a multimedia, and then acquires a stream of data symbols. The video data stream received and compressed by the video editor 410 is provided in the TX data processor 12, wherein the video is used for the video portion of the multimedia program 160480.doc 201215192 for one elementary stream of the video portion {'} and an enhanced stream (d small video encoder 410 can be implemented) VIPEG-2 (Motion Picture Experts Organization) and can generate internal coding (1) frame, forward predictive (P) frame for the video data stream And a sequence of two-way predictive (B) frames. The elementary stream (CW can carry the RP frame and the enhanced stream {dxe} can carry the (four) box and may carry the p-frame. In general, the video encoder can implement any Video compression mechanism, and the elementary stream and the enhanced stream can carry any frame type and combination. ▲ The processor receives and processes the video elementary stream {dxb}. In the processor 420, an external encoder/interleaver 422 encodes the video. Each data block in the elementary stream generates a code block. Each data block contains K data packets 'and each data block can be externally coded, for example, one (N, K) Reed Solomon ^eed_SoIo_c〇de ) to generate a block with n external encodings For example, a rabbit with a data packet can be encoded using a 3/4 rate Reed Solomon code to generate a code block with a μ 1 solid::: two code packet. External encoder 422 It also produces a cyclic redundancy check for error detection (thinking, ruling, and decoding) (calling the value and appending the CRC value to each external packet. The interleaver likes to split each code block into four The four sub-blocks of the frame, and the second: 7) are used for the external code blocks of each frame. - The internal two uses the (for example) _ code to encode each external package, thereby generating: The inner coded packet. The interleaver 424 interleaves the bits in each of the inner coded packets to produce an interleaved packet. The symbol mapping unit 426 is based on a modulation mechanism selected for the video stream (e.g., from the interleaver 424). Mapping to a modulation symbol, and providing a first modulation symbol stream {sxb} of the primary stream of 160160.doc 201215192. A TX enhancement stream processor 430 processes the video enhancement stream {^ and provides a second modulation Symbol stream {Sxe}. Processor (4) can be used with the processor The stream is the same, or different external code, internal code and modulation mechanism. A combiner 440 receives the first and second modulated symbol streams and uses the gains ~ and Ges to scale the first and the first The second modulated symbol stream is combined with the scaled modulated symbol streams to generate a data stream sigma {sx} for the video portion. The gains Gbs and Ges determine the transmission power of the elementary stream and the enhancement stream, respectively. And thus determining the coverage, if layer coding is not used, the video encoder 410 provides a data stream {dx}, and the processor 42 encodes the data stream to generate the data symbol stream {sx}, and does not require the processor 43. Combiner. An audio encoder 450 receives an audio data stream {&} and encodes the audio data stream for the audio portion of the multimedia program and provides an elementary stream {dyb} and an enhanced stream {dye} for the audio portion. . The audio encoder 45 can implement any audio compression mechanism. The elementary stream {dyb} can carry monophonic audio (for example, left plus right, or L+R), while the enhanced stream {dye} can carry stereo audio (eg, left minus right, or L-R). A TX elementary stream processor 460 receives and processes the audio elementary stream {dyb} and provides a first modulated symbol stream "々} for the audio elementary stream. "Data for the audio elementary stream in the processor 460" The blocks are externally encoded and interleaved by an outer coder/interlace 462, further encoded and interleaved by an inner coded 5|/interleaver 464, and mapped by a symbol mapping unit 466 into a modulated symbol. The stream processor 470 processes the audio enhancement stream {dye} and provides a second modulated symbol stream {Sye}. A combiner 480 receives, scales, and groups 160480.doc -13-201215192 with the modulated symbol streams { Syb} and {Sye} and generate a data symbol stream {sy} for the audio portion. If layered encoding is not used, the audio encoder 45 provides a data stream {dy}, and the processor 460 encodes the data stream. To generate the data symbol stream {sy}' without requiring the processor 470 and the combiner 48. The video encoder 410 and the audio encoder 450 perform higher layer processing (or "compression" for the data stream. Processors 420, 430, 460, and 470 and combiners 440 and 480 perform physical layer processing (or "encoding") for data streams. Other data streams for other multimedia programs and/or other content may be similar to FIG. The manner shown is compressed and encoded. Figure 5 shows a block diagram of one embodiment of an RX data processor j 7 at the wireless device 150. For simplicity, Figure 5 shows the processing of video and audio for a multimedia program. In the data processor 17A, the RX elementary stream processor 520 and an RX enhancement stream processor 53 receive a detected data symbol stream {§x} from the demodulation transformer 16〇, which is An estimate of the data symbol stream {sx} for the video portion. In processor 52A, a symbol demapper 522 demaps the detected data symbols and provides detected bits, which may be logarithmically similar Value ratio (LLR) representation. Unit 522 may be demodulation transformer 16〇 instead of part of rx data processor 170. Internal deinterleaver/decoder 524 is based on internal P code deinterleaving and decoding the debt locations of the packets. And provide an internal solution. The decoder 524 is also used. The CRC value added to the packet checks each packet decoded by the unit. An external deinterleaver/decoder 526 de-interprets the internal decoded packet for each frame. If any packet of a given block is decoded by the error, the packet is decoded. The 526 performs a solution on the N internally decoded packets for the code block based on, for example, a (Ν, κ) Reed Solomon code, and provides a 160480.doc 201215192 κ externally decoded packet for the code block. If there is no packet of the error internal code in the code block, the external decoding may be skipped. The processor 520 provides a decoded video stream RJ. The processor 530 processes the debt data stream {§χ} and provides - The decoded video enhancement stream-video decoder 54 receives the decoded elementary stream and adds money to complement the video compression performed at the base station: video decompression, and provides a decompressed video stream. A multiplexer .544 from the video buffer 542 receives the decompressed video data and an auxiliary video stream {Ux} and provides the stream with or as (6) as an output stream. The video buffer 542 can store pre-recorded data. Video clips, trademarks For example, the content from the video buffer 542 can be displayed between program transitions to indicate to the user that the acquisition of the new program is in progress. An RX elementary stream processor 56 and _ The RX enhancement stream processor 57 receives a side data symbol stream (5) which is an estimate of the data symbol stream N for the video portion. In the processor 56, a symbol demap unit such as demapping is detected. The data symbol and provides the pre-measured bit. The unit % can be the demodulation transformer 160 instead of the Rx data processor 17〇. An internal deinterleaver/decoder 564 deinterleaves and decodes the packets. The bit of the test is 'and provides a packet for internal decoding. The decoder also uses the CRC value appended to the packet to check each internally decoded packet. An external deinterlacing decoder 566 deinterleaves the internally decoded packets for each frame. For each code block that has at least a packet error, the decoder finely performs external decoding on the (4) decoded packet for the code block and provides an externally decoded packet. 160480.doc • 15- 201215192 The processor 560 provides a decoded video elementary stream. The processor 570 processes the detected data symbol stream and provides an audio enhancement stream 11 of - I v * 2c, ηκ Xe. An audio decoder 500 receives the decoded elementary stream and the enhancement stream and decompresses it with: - complementary to the audio compression performed at the base station, and provides a decompressed audio stream. The second multiplexer 584 receives the decoded audio from an audio buffer 582: W and the auxiliary audio stream {Uy} and provides the stream y or {Uy} as the output data: {vy}. The audio buffer 582 can store pre-recorded:
輯、廣告等等。 S W 處理器520、530、560及570為資料流執行實體層接收器 處峨"解碼"）。視訊解碼器54〇及音訊解媽器58〇為資料 流執行更南層接收器處理（或"解慶縮"）。可將用於其它多 媒體節目及/或其它内容之其它資料流以類似圖5所示之方 式解碼並解壓縮。 1·持續解碼 圖6展示用於自一當前多媒體節目^縫切換接收至一新 多媒體節目B之時間線。開始，在超訊框η中，無線器件解 碼、解厂堅縮並顯示節目Α。在時刻L，使用者選擇新節目 卜此時，1 線器件沒有解碼節目崎需之附加資訊。無 線器件不停止或清空，g 戈“相反’繼續在超訊框η中解碼、解 壓縮並（視情況）顯示節目Α。 在下個超訊框n+1之起點時刻T2，無線器件接收此超訊 並獲取用於節目Β之附加資訊。無線器件能夠使用 此附加資訊在超訊框11+1中開始解碼節目B。無線器件繼續 160480.doc 201215192 使用在先前超訊框n中獲取之用於節目A之經解碼之資料在 超訊框㈣中解㈣節目A。 在時刻丁3，無線器件完成用於超訊框n+1之節目B之解 碼。如圖6所示’若節目B使用3/4率襄德所羅門碼且將用 於各碼塊之奇偶封包在訊框4中發送，則若無封包被錯誤Series, advertisements, etc. The S W processors 520, 530, 560, and 570 execute the physical layer receiver for the data stream "decode". The video decoder 54 and the audio decoder 58 perform a more south-level receiver processing for the data stream (or "clearing "). Other data streams for other multimedia programs and/or other content may be decoded and decompressed in a manner similar to that shown in FIG. 1. Continuous Decoding Figure 6 shows a timeline for receiving a new multimedia program B from a current multimedia program. Initially, in the hyperframe η, the wireless device decodes, unpacks and displays the program. At time L, the user selects a new program. At this point, the 1-wire device does not have additional information to decode the program. The wireless device does not stop or clear, and the g "go" continues to decode, decompress, and (as appropriate) display the program in the hyperframe n. The wireless device receives the super at the start time T2 of the next hyperframe n+1. And obtain additional information for the program. The wireless device can use this additional information to start decoding program B in the frame 11+1. The wireless device continues 160480.doc 201215192 is used in the previous hyperframe n The decoded data of program A is solved in the hyperframe (4) (4) program A. At time D3, the wireless device completes the decoding of program B for the super frame n+1. As shown in Fig. 6, if program B is used 3/4 rate Jude Solomon code and the parity packet used for each code block is sent in frame 4, if no packet is wrong
内解碼，5亥無線器件即可在訊框3中恢復所有用於節目B 之碼塊。一旦完成節目B(例如，如圖6所示在時刻T3)之解 碼則無線器件可早在超訊框η+1時開始解壓縮該節目Β。 一旦獲取足夠的用於節目經解碼之資料（例如，一工訊 框），則無，線器件亦可更早地開始解廢缩節目Β。目此該無 線器件可早在超汛框η+丨期間開始解壓縮節目Β。或者，該 無線器件可在下個超訊框η+2之起點開始解壓縮節目Β(圖6 中未展示）。 可將1及A之間的時間視為新節目Β的獲取時間。該獲 取時間係可變的且其視使用者選擇被接收之時刻而定與下 個OIS及節目Β之解壓縮開始時刻有關。若〇IS不頻繁地發 送（例如，每1秒發送一次）及/或若解碼延遲長，此獲取時 間可相對較長。節目A在獲取時間中之持續解碼、解壓縮 及（視情況）顯示可比在整個獲取時間中停止或清空顯示提 供更好的使用者感受。 圖7展示用於自一當前多媒體節目A無缝切換接收至一新 多媒體節目B之時間線，其中兩個節目均使用分層編碼。 開始，在超訊框η中，無線器件解碼、解壓縮並顯示用於 節目Α之基本流及增強流（BS及ES)。在時刻Τι，使用者選 160480.doc -17- 201215192 擇新節目B。由於無線器件此時不具用以解碼節目B之附 加資sfl，因此該無線器件在超訊框n中繼續解碼、解壓縮 並（視情況）顯示節目Α。 在時刻I，無線器件接收用於下個超訊框η+ι之〇岱並獲 取用於節目B之附加資訊。在超訊框n+1中’該無線器件繼 續解碼用於節目A之基本流（例如，使用圖5中之處理器52〇 及560)並開始解碼用於節目8之基本流（例如，使用圖5中 之處理器530及570，其通常被用於增強流但亦可經組態以 處理基本流）。該無線器件亦使用在先前超訊框η中獲^之 用於節目Α的經解碼之資料，在超訊框n+1中繼續解壓縮用 於節目A之基本流（或基本流及增強流）。 在時刻T3，無線器件完成用於節gB之基本流的解碼。 該無線器件可早在超訊框n+1中（例如如圖7所示，在時刻 Τ'3)或在下個超訊框n+2起點開始解壓縮節目B。在超訊框 n+2中’無線器件終止節目α之解碼並執行用於節目b之基 本流及增強流的解碼。該無線器件亦使用為用於節目βΙ 基本流在先前超訊框n+1中獲取之經解碼之資料來解壓縮 此基本流。在時刻Ts，用於節目8增強流之經解碼之資料 可供使用。该無線器件可較早（例如，如圖7所示在時刻I) 或在下個超訊框n+3起點開始解壓縮用於節目B之基本流及 增強流。 如圖7所示’ ^兩個節目均使用分層編碼來傳輸，則自 當前節目A至新節目B之轉換可"更平穩"無線器件可分階 段自節目A切換至節目B。該無線器件在第一階段接收用 160480.doc -18 - 201215192 於節目A之基本流及增強流，接著在第二階段接收用於節 目A之基本流，接著在第三階段接收用於節目B之基本 流，最後在第四階段接收用於節目B之基本流及增強流。 舉例而言，若不使用分層編碼來傳輸節目A或B，或若在 很少的超訊框中執行切換（如圖7所示）等等，則可略過一或 多個階段。 圖8展示用於自當前多媒體節目a切換接收至新多媒體節 目B之方法800的流程圖。無線器件接收、解碼、解壓縮並 顯示當前節目A(方塊810)。無線器件接收一對新節目b之 使用者選擇（方塊812)。如在方塊816中所決定的，無線器 件繼續解碼、解壓縮並（視情況）顯示當前節目A(方塊 814)，直至用於新節目B之附加資訊可供使用。在此時， 無線器件解碼新節目B但繼續解壓縮並（視情況）顯示當前 節目A(方塊8ΐ8)β如方塊82〇所決定的，一旦節目B已被解 碼，無線器件解碼、解壓縮並顯示新節目Β(方塊822)〇 2·早期解碼 上文對"持續解碼，，之描述假定該無線器件在新節一 用者選擇前不具有用於節目轉換之資訊。若係此情況，則 該無線器件在接收㈣者選擇後開始解碼新節目。然而， 在。午夕凊況下’無線器件具有關於使用者先前行為之資 :’亡可使用此資訊以預測或預知使用者之未來選擇。該 :線盗件可執行在—節目被使用者選擇前執行其"早期”解 碼’以達到節目間更快隸 式 、轉纟&下文所述，可以各種方 式來執仃此早期解碼。 160480.doc •19· 201215192 圖9展不—由無線器件產生之例示性顯示幕900。對於此 實施例顯不幕900包括兩個區域910及92〇。區域910展示 田刖選擇之多媒體節目之視訊。區域92〇顯示一節目單 (PG) ’其可列出在各節目頻道上顯示之節目。大體而言， 顯不幕900可包括用於顯示任意類型内容之任意數目的區 域。 使用者可藉由點擊無線器件或遙控器單元上之一合適按 鍵（例如節目選單"按鍵）在任何時刻調出該節目單。若使 用者點擊指定之—組按鍵中的任何—個（例如，―"向上卷 頁"或”向下卷頁”按鈕），則無線器件亦可自動調出節目 早。在任何情況下，無線器件可監控對節目單之使用者巡 覽以預測下個節目選擇。 對於圖9所示之實施例，該節目單顯示—節目頻道之列 表及田别在此等頻道上展示之節目。一游標922指示當前 反白顯示之節目。游標922回應使用者之鍵擊動作在節目 單上下移動。若使用者將游標移出區域92〇之頂部或底 部’則接收節目單之另一部分並將其顯示於區域92〇中。 圖10展示一由無線器件為節目單保持之例示性表格 雜。可將表格麵儲存於無線器件内t快取記憶體中以 快速存取。表格1000包括一儲存節目頻道之列1012、一儲 存節目名稱之列1〇14、一儲存用於載運各節目之MLC之列 1016、一儲存用於各MLC之相關參數之列1〇18及儲存用於 當前超訊框之各M L C之時間-頻率位置的列丨〇 2 〇。基地台 傳輸用於列1012至1018之可不頻繁變動的資訊，且無線2 I60480.doc ⑧ •20- 201215192 件視需要更新此資訊。用於各MLC之時間-頻率位置在各 超訊框中可發生變動。若無線器件持續接收當前選擇之多 媒體節目，則如上所述，用於此節目之各MLC的時間·頻 率位置可自於該MLC上發送之嵌入附加資訊獲得。無線器 件無需喚醒並接收0IS，在此情況下，對於除用於當前選 擇節目之外的所有MLC而言，列1020中的資訊係陳舊的。 若無線器件偵測到使用者可能正在改變節目（例如，其 於按鍵/按鈕動作）’則無線器件可開始接收在各超訊框中 之OIS。無線器件可為如下項目保存附加資訊：用於為 節目單顯示S區域920之節目的]^ ;⑺在當前超訊框中 發送之所有MLC;或（3)某些其它動之組。接著無線器 件可在當前超訊框中開始解碼任何此等MLc，而不必等待 下個超訊框中之OIS。 無線器件可恢復在-特定MLC中發送之碼塊而不必接收 整個碼塊。舉例而t，若該碼塊使用一 3/4率襄德所羅門 碼且該碼塊被分割為四個子碼塊，並在_超訊框之四㈣ 框中發送（如圖3所示），則該無、線器件僅使用此等子塊中之 三個即可恢復該碼塊°無線器件可藉由解碼在訊框鴻2開 始之MLC來恢復該碼塊。因此 U此右在訊框1期間接收解碼 MLC之指示，則該|结哭 …、線态件可在訊框2中開始解碼此 MLC，且不必等到下個超訊框。 再參看圖9,當使用者巡覽節 一 、筧卽目早時，游標922指示當前 反白顯不之即目。益3» , 即 …'線訪件可在用於此節目MLC之附加資 訊可供使用時，即開始解碼反 听）久曰顯不之即目。如上所述， 160480.doc •21- 201215192 若資源足夠，則該無線器件可同時解碼 白顯示之節目。在-實施例中，無線器件在 經解碼之資料可用時，即開始解壓縮反白顯示之節目。視 It =，該無線器件可在反白顯示之節目解壓縮完畢後顯示 此郎目。在另一實施例中，無線器件繼續解碼、解壓縮並 顯示當前選擇節目，直至使用者選擇反白顯示節目。對於 此實施例，無線器件使用用於反白顯示節目之經解碼之資 料，以在使用者選擇時快速切換至此節目。 若反白顯示之節目未使用分層編碼，則無線器件 壓縮當前選擇節目同時解碼反白顯示之節目，例如圖崎 不。該無線器件可在用於反白顯示之節目的經解碼之資料 可用時即解麼縮並顯示此節目。若當前選擇之節目及反白 顯不之郎目使用分層編碼，則無線器件可分階段在節目間 切換’例如圖7所示。該無線器件可解碼用於兩個節目基 本流並可解I缩並顯示用於當前選擇節目之基本流。⑴一 旦用於此節目之經解碼之資料可用時及/或⑺若使用者選 ，此節目時’該無線器件可解虔縮並顯示用於反白顯示之 節目的基本流。若使用者選擇該反白顯示之節目，則並線 器件可解碼、㈣縮並顯示用於該節目之增強流。 若無線器件正在解碼當前反白顯示節目Y而使用者反白 顯不另節目Z ’則無線器件終止節目γ之處理並在用於 即目Z之附加資訊可用時即開始解碼節目z。無線器件跟隨 使用者對各種節目之巡覽並試圖解碼任何當前反白顯示之 節目。此允許無線器件在使用者隨後選擇之時，快速切換 160480.doc ⑧ •22- 201215192 至最新反白顯示之節目。 如上所述，無線器件可不必考 示之節目的早期解碼.貝訊而執行反白顯 j干期解碼。無線器件亦可基於 (例如）卷頁方θ ^ w 、、匕資訊，諸如 使用者選擇。 Λ 4等，來預測下個 舉例而言，若使用者試 ^ ^ ^- 距虽則即目頻道相對較 ;之特…頻道，其可持續點按"向上卷頁"按紐在: 情況下，盔飨哭杜叮知以 兵私紐。在此 至"向上袭百 速變化之反白顯示之節目’直 ° 頁知鈕破鬆開。在按鈕鬆開後， 勃并畀4 C , 丨’又热深IS件即可 ，最近反白顯示之節目的早期解碼。或者，無線器件可 白顯不之即目之前的-節目。可基於卷頁方 向及速度決定此"未來”筋a ... 、巷頁方 目。在快速卷頁期間顯示中間節 目可向使用者提供良好反饋。 舉另-實例而言，使用者可能以略微週期性之速率點按 向上卷頁，，按紐’以劉覽節目頻道。在此情況下，無線器 件可解碼、解I縮並顯示給予足以執行此等任務之時間的 反白顯不之節目。該無線器件在預測使用者在此方向之巡 覽時亦可解碼當刖反白顯示之節目前一或多個節目(若 資源可用）。舉例而言’若四個節目A、B、aD以自八至 D之順序排列’當無線器件接收到節目人之頻道打開時， 其可開始獲取節目3及〇該無線器件在接收到節目b之頻 道打開時’可放棄節目8並開始獲取節目c及D。無線器件 亦可開始獲取多個方向（例如，頻道卷頁之相反方向）中之 多個節目。 I60480.doc •23· 201215192 使用者可藉由經由一數字鍵盤直接輸入一新節目之頻道 號以選擇該節目。無線器件可基於使用者輸入之按鍵來起 始早期解碼。舉例而言’使用者可點按"3"，隨後點按 "8” ’接著點按"輸入，，以轉到節目頻道38。在接收到來自使 用者之"3"鍵擊時，無線器件可開始節目頻道3之早期解碼 (預測使用者選擇此頻道）及/或保存用於節目頻道儿至”之 附加資訊（㈣❹㈣擇此等頻道之—卜在㈣τ之鍵 擊時’無線器件預測使用者選擇此頻道，可開始節目頻道 %之早期解碼。在收到"輸人"之鍵擊時無線器件可解壓 縮並顯示此頻道。 —無線器件亦可為經常訪問之節目保存附加資訊及/或執 订早期解碼。舉例而言’使用者可頻繁或持續地在兩個感 =之節目間跳轉（例如，藉由按，，跳轉"按心在偵測到 匕情況時，無線器件可在預測下個跳轉時解碼兩個節目。 亦可在一小範圍節目頻道間前後卷頁。在谓測到此 二兄Γ無線器件可在關卷頁中的下個頻道轉換時解碼 無線器件可使_何相關資訊以進行節目之早』 解碼。不同按鍵輸入（例如丨 等&⑴如向上卷頁"、"跳轉"、數字號不 等專）可提供不同資訊’其可 使用者难# & & 被…、線器件使用以預測下也 =選擇。無線器件可執行任何制將被 節目(例如，當前反白顯示之節目、一在卷 二 目等等）的早期解碼。 ° 旬 圖U展示一用於在具有早期解碼之多媒體節目間切㈣ 160480.doc -24- 201215192 收之方法11 〇 〇的流程圖。無線器件根據（例如）按鍵/按钮動 作偵測使用者對節目之巡覽（方塊1112)。如方塊1114所決 定的，若偵測到使用者巡覽，則無線器件開始處理各超訊 框中之OIS並為感興趣之MLC保存附加資訊（方塊1116)。 舉例而言’無線器件可為所有MLC，或僅為用於顯示在節 目單螢幕上之節目的MLC，或某些其它]^1^(：：組而保存附加 資訊。 在偵測到使用者巡覽後，無線器件接著監控使用者輸入 (方塊1118Ρ如方塊1120所決定的，若接收到一使用者輸 入，則無線器件判定此使用者輸入是否為一頻道選擇按鍵 (方塊1122)。頻道選擇按鍵為指示使用者選擇一新節目頻 道之按鍵’其可包括"輸入"、"上一頻道"、"下一頻道”及,, 跳轉”按鍵。若未接收到頻道選擇按鍵，則無線器件基於 目則已收到之使用者輸入識別一具有被使用者選擇之可能 的節目（方塊U24)。如上所述，此節目可為當前反白顯示 之節目或一基於數子及/或非數字按鍵輸入而預測將被選 擇之節目。無線器件開始此經識別之節目的早期解碼（方 塊1126)。該無線器件亦可在使用者選擇前解壓縮並（視情 況）顯示該節目（方塊1128)。或者，無線器件可在解壓縮及 顯示該節目前等待使用者選擇此節目（圖丨丨中未展示）。接 著此方法回到方塊11〗8。 再參看方塊1122，若接收到—頻道選擇按鍵，則無線器 件切換至新·之節目，其可為基於先前的使用者輸入所 識別之節目。接著無線器件解碼、解壓縮並顯示此選擇之 160480.doc •25- 201215192 節目（方塊1130) »接著此方法可回到方塊11 18(如圖^所 示）或方塊1112。 無線器件可回應一段按鍵/按鈕靜止狀態之後的第一使 用者輸入來執行方塊1112至方塊1116。該第一使用者輸入 亦將觸發方塊1118及1120並將適當地處理。 為清晰之目的，上文已敍述經由節目單之節目選擇。亦 可以其它方式選擇節目，例如使用其它螢幕直接選擇方 法。舉例而言’顯示幕可展示一或多個圖標，且各圖標均 可表示一特定節目。在任何情況下，無線器件可在反白顯 示一節目時即開始獲取（例如，解碼）該節目，且在使用者 選擇時即可切換至此節目。由於獲取處理早在使用者選擇 前開始，因此使用者感受更快獲取速度。 可將持續解碼及早期解碼技術用於一或多個與多媒體節 目有關之資料流。舉例而言’可將持續解碼或早期解碼僅 用於當前及新多媒體節目之音訊部分/成份，或僅用於視 訊部分，或音訊與視訊部分。因此可對當前及新多媒體節 目之音訊部分、視訊部分或音訊與視訊部分執行圖8中方 塊810、814、818及 822及圖 11 中方塊 1126、1128及113〇。 可將無線器件處之資源組態成為不同多媒體節目接收不 同部分/成份。舉例而言，RX資料處理器17〇可同時解碼及 解壓縮一節目之音訊部分及另一節目之視訊部分。此允許 使用者同時觀看及收聽兩個不同節目。持續解碼及早期解 碼允許使用者更加無縫地切換該等兩個節目之音訊及/或 視訊部分。舉例而言，使用者可同時觀看一棒球比赛並收 160480.doc ⑧ •26· 201215192 聽音樂。若比赛變得右抓 . 使用者可更加無縫地自音半 之音訊部分。使用者亦可同時觀看-比賽^ 且無淪何時令人興奮事件發生時，其可將視 訊及/或音訊切換至更有趣之比赛。 再了將視 3.經時間補償之視訊及音訊傳輸 特定量之時 改進新節目 無線器件處之視訊及音訊解碼器分別需要 間以執行視訊及音訊之解>1縮。基地台可以 之獲取的方式來傳輸視訊及音訊。 圖12展示在基地台經時間校準之視訊及音訊的傳輸。才t 定-視訊部分㈣及—音訊部分咖同時播放，並在心 ΤΠ由基地台經_校準地傳輸°無線器件接收該視訊及 音訊部分，解碼各部分並在時刻丁丨2完成此等部分之解 碼》為簡單起見’圖12展示了用於視訊及音訊部分之相同 傳輸及解碼延遲D d e c。接著無線器件分別使用視訊及音訊 解碼器來單獨解壓縮經解碼之視訊及音訊部分。_展示 視訊解壓縮延遲Dvide。及音訊解壓縮延遲込…。，其中Dv…。 通常大於Daudi。，且若（例如）為獲得改進之壓縮特性而不按 順序傳輸訊框，其可比Daudi。大很多。接著無線器件將早 在時刻T!3完成音siL之解壓縮。無線器件通常以解壓縮延 遲之差（意即’以。-Daudi。）來緩衝該經解碼之音訊 (而非含更多位元之經解壓縮之音訊）。此緩衝允許在視訊 解壓縮完成於時刻T14時同時播放視訊及音訊部分。 圖13展示視訊及音訊之傳輸，其具有時間補償以解決視 訊及音訊解壓縮延遲之差異。指定一視訊部分1310及一音 160480.doc •27· 201215192 訊部分13 12同時播放，但其分別由基地台在不同時刻丁2 ^ 及Τη傳輸。無線器件接收該等視訊及音訊部分，解碼各 部分’在時刻Τ'23完成視訊之解碼，並在時刻丁24完成音訊 之解碼《無線器件分別解壓縮經解碼之視訊及音訊部分， 並在約時刻I'M完成兩個部分之解壓縮。視訊解壓縮延遲 為Dvide。而音訊解壓縮延遲為Daudi。，其與圖12所示相同。 然而，視訊部分13 1 0相對音訊部分13 12已較早傳輸延遲差 △ D，或 Δϋ= T22-T21。 使用圖13所示之經延遲補償之傳輸，無線器件可在音訊 被解壓縮時即播放該音訊，而無需緩衝音訊並等待視訊解 壓縮元成。較佳盡可能早地播放音訊（且因為較短之解壓 縮延遲而比視訊早）’以提供對節目轉換之更快的回應。 圖13中經時間補償之傳輸的回應時間比圖丨2中經時間校準 之傳輸的回應時間快延遲差。由於音訊載運用於諸如 新聞、氣象等之諸多節目的相關資訊，因此使用者即使在 無視訊時亦可欣賞音訊。 可單獨應用各種用於無縫切換接收之技術（例如，持續 解碼、早期解碼、使用基本流及增強流之分階段切換及經 時間補償之視訊及音訊傳輸）。此等技術亦可以各種不同 組合而應用。舉例而言，如上所述，早期解碼可與分階段 切換組合而執行。 本文所述之無縫切換接收技術可由各種構件來建構。舉 例而言’可將此等技術可建構於硬體、軟體或其組合中。 對於一硬體實施例，可將用以支持或執行無縫切換接收之 160480.doc ⑧ -28- 201215192 處理單元建構於一或多個特殊應用積體電路（ASIC)、數位 化訊號處理器（DSP)、數位化訊號處理器件（DspD)、可程 式化邏輯盗件（PLD)、場可程式化閘極陣列（FpGA)、處理 器、控制器、微控制器、微處理器、其它設計為執行本文 所述之功能的電子單元或其組合。 對於一軟體實施例，可使用執行本文所述功能之模組 (例如.私序、函數等荨）來實施本文所述之技術。可將軟 體程式碼儲存於一記憶體單元（例如圖1中之記憶體單元 142或192)中並由一處理器（例如控制器14〇或19〇)執行。可 將該記憶體單元建構於處理器内或處理器外部，如此項技 術中已知的’在處理器外部之情況下可將其經由各種構件 通訊地麵接至該處理器。 本文包括用以參考及幫助查找特定段落之標題。此等標 題不意在限制其下所述概念之範嘴，且此等概念在整個說 明書之其它段落可具適用性。 前文對所揭*實施例线㈣在使任何熟冑此項技術者 能夠製造或使用本發明。熟f此項技術者將明瞭此等實施 例之各種修改，林文所界定之—般原料在不偏離本發 明精神或料之前提下應用於其它實施例。因此，本發明 並不意在被限制於本文所展示之實施例，而意在使其與同 本文所揭示之原理及新賴特性—致的最廣闊料相符。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1展示一基地台及無線器件之方塊圖； 圖2展示一例示性超訊框結構； 160480.doc -29- 201215192 圖3說明了資料頻道上一資料流之傳輸； 圖4展示一基地台處之傳輸（τχ)資料處理器； 圖5展示一無線器件處之接收資料處理器； 圖ό展示一用於自節目a切換接收至節目b之時間線； 圖7展示一用於自節目a切換接收至節目b之時間線，其 中兩個節目均使用分層編碼； 圖8展示一用於自節目A切換接收至節目B之方法； 圖9展示一例示性顯示幕； 圖10展示一為節目單保持之例示性表格； 圖11展示一用於在具早期解碼之節目之間轉換接收之方 法； 圖12展示視訊及音訊之經時間校準的傳輸；及 圖13展示視訊及音訊之經時間補償的傳輸。 【主要元件符號說明】 100 無線通信系統 110 基地台 112 資料源 120 TX資料處理器 130 多工器/調變器 132 傳輸單元 134 天線 140 控制器 142 記憶體 144 排程器 160480.doc 201215192 150 無線器件 152 天線 154 接收器單元 160 解調變器/多工器 170 RX資料處理器 180 後處理器 182 顯示單元 184 音訊單元 190 控制器 192 記憶體 200 超訊框結構 201 超訊框 220 嚮導符號 230 額外/控制資訊符號 240 欄位 242a-242d 訊框1-4 410 視訊編碼 420 > 460 TX基本流處理器 422 、 462 外部編碼器/交錯器 424、464 内部編碼器/交錯器 426 ' 466 符號映射 430 、 470 TX增強流處理器 440 ' 480 組合器 450 音訊編碼 -31 - 160480.doc 201215192 520 ' 560 RX基本流處理器 522 ' 562 符號映射 524 ' 564 内部解碼器/解交錯器 526 ' 566 外部解碼器/解交錯器 530 ' 570 RX增強流處理器 540 視訊解碼器 542 視訊緩衝 544 多工器 580 音訊解碼器 582 音訊緩衝 584 解多工器 900 顯示幕 910 > 920 區域 922 游標 1000 表格 1012 節目頻道 1014 節目名稱 1016 多工邏輯頻道（MLC) 1018 MLC參數 1020 MLC位置 1210 視訊部分 1212 音訊部分 1310 視訊部分 1312 音訊部分 •32 160480.doc ⑧Internal decoding, 5 Hai wireless device can recover all code blocks for program B in frame 3. Once the decoding of program B (e.g., at time T3 as shown in Figure 6) is completed, the wireless device can begin decompressing the program as early as the hyperframe n+1. Once sufficient data for the program has been decoded (e.g., a work frame), then the line device can begin to decommission the program earlier. Therefore, the wireless device can start decompressing the program 早 as early as the frame η+丨. Alternatively, the wireless device can begin decompressing the program at the beginning of the next hyperframe η+2 (not shown in Figure 6). The time between 1 and A can be regarded as the acquisition time of the new program. The acquisition time is variable and depends on the time at which the user chooses to be received, in relation to the next OIS and the decompression start time of the program. If the IS is sent infrequently (e.g., every 1 second) and/or if the decoding delay is long, the acquisition time can be relatively long. Continuous decoding, decompression, and (as appropriate) display of program A during acquisition time may provide a better user experience than stopping or emptying the display during the entire acquisition time. Figure 7 shows a timeline for seamlessly switching from a current multimedia program A to a new multimedia program B, where both programs use layered coding. Initially, in the hyperframe η, the wireless device decodes, decompresses, and displays the elementary streams and enhancement streams (BS and ES) for the program. At the time Τι, the user selects 160480.doc -17- 201215192 to select the new program B. Since the wireless device does not have the additional sfl for decoding program B at this time, the wireless device continues to decode, decompress, and (as appropriate) display the program 在 in the hyperframe n. At time I, the wireless device receives the next hyperframe η+ι and obtains additional information for program B. In hyperframe n+1 'the wireless device continues to decode the elementary stream for program A (eg, using processors 52 and 560 in FIG. 5) and begins decoding the elementary stream for program 8 (eg, using Processors 530 and 570 in Figure 5, which are typically used to enhance the stream but can also be configured to process the elementary stream). The wireless device also uses the decoded data for the program 在 in the previous hyperframe η to continue decompressing the elementary stream (or elementary stream and enhancement stream) for program A in hyperframe n+1. ). At time T3, the wireless device completes decoding of the elementary stream for section gB. The wireless device can begin decompressing program B as early as in frame n+1 (e.g., as shown in Figure 7, at time Τ '3) or at the beginning of the next hyperframe n+2. In the frame n+2, the 'wireless device terminates the decoding of the program α and performs decoding of the base stream and the enhancement stream for the program b. The wireless device also decompresses the elementary stream using decoded data for the program βΙ elementary stream acquired in the previous frame n+1. At time Ts, the decoded data for the program 8 enhancement stream is available. The wireless device can begin decompressing the elementary stream and enhancement stream for program B earlier (e.g., at time I as shown in Figure 7) or at the beginning of the next hyperframe n+3. As shown in Fig. 7, the two programs are transmitted using layered coding, and the conversion from the current program A to the new program B can be "smoother" and the wireless device can be switched from program A to program B in stages. The wireless device receives the elementary stream and the enhancement stream of program A with 160480.doc -18 - 201215192 in the first phase, then receives the elementary stream for program A in the second phase, and then receives the program B for the third phase in the second phase. The elementary stream, and finally the elementary stream and enhancement stream for program B are received in the fourth stage. For example, one or more stages may be skipped if layered encoding is not used to transmit program A or B, or if switching is performed in a few super-frames (as shown in Figure 7). 8 shows a flow diagram of a method 800 for switching reception to a new multimedia program B from a current multimedia program a. The wireless device receives, decodes, decompresses and displays the current program A (block 810). The wireless device receives a user selection of a new pair of programs b (block 812). As determined in block 816, the wireless device continues to decode, decompress, and (as appropriate) display the current program A (block 814) until additional information for the new program B is available. At this point, the wireless device decodes the new program B but continues to decompress and (as appropriate) displays the current program A (block 8ΐ8) β as determined by block 82〇. Once program B has been decoded, the wireless device decodes, decompresses, and Displaying the new program Β (block 822) 〇 2 · Early decoding The above "continuous decoding, the description assumes that the wireless device does not have information for program conversion before the new section user selection. If this is the case, the wireless device begins decoding the new program after receiving (4) selection. However, at. In the midday eve, the wireless device has the responsibility for the user's previous behavior: 'Death can use this information to predict or predict the user's future choices. The line thief can perform its "early"decoding' before the program is selected by the user to achieve a faster linguistic, transition& between programs; the early decoding can be performed in various ways as described below. 160 480.doc • 19· 201215192 Figure 9 shows an exemplary display screen 900 generated by a wireless device. For this embodiment, the display 900 includes two areas 910 and 92. The area 910 displays the multimedia program selected by the field. The video 92 area displays a program listing (PG) 'which can list the programs displayed on each program channel. In general, the obscure 900 can include any number of regions for displaying any type of content. The program can be called up at any time by clicking on a suitable button on the wireless device or remote control unit (eg, the program menu " button). If the user clicks on any of the specified group buttons (for example, The "upward page" or "downward page" button), the wireless device can also automatically recall the program early. In any case, the wireless device can monitor the user's tour of the program list to pre- The next program selection. For the embodiment shown in Fig. 9, the program list displays a list of program channels and programs displayed on the channels of the field. A cursor 922 indicates the program currently displayed in reverse. The cursor 922 responds to use. The keystroke action moves up and down the program list. If the user moves the cursor out of the top or bottom of the area 92, then another portion of the program list is received and displayed in the area 92. Figure 10 shows a wireless device The exemplary form of the program list is maintained. The form can be stored in the wireless device in the cache memory for quick access. The table 1000 includes a storage program channel 1012, a stored program name column 1〇14, A column 1016 of MLCs for storing programs, a column 1 18 storing associated parameters for each MLC, and a column 丨〇2 储存 storing time-frequency locations for each MLC of the current frame. The base station transmits information that can be changed infrequently for columns 1012 to 1018, and the wireless 2 I60480.doc 8 •20- 201215192 pieces update this information as needed. The time-frequency position for each MLC is in each super frame. Variations may occur. If the wireless device continues to receive the currently selected multimedia program, as described above, the time and frequency locations of the MLCs for the program may be obtained from embedded additional information transmitted on the MLC. The wireless device does not need to wake up and Receive 0IS, in which case the information in column 1020 is stale for all MLCs except for the currently selected program. If the wireless device detects that the user is likely to change the program (eg, it is at the button) / button action) 'The wireless device can start receiving OIS in each superframe. The wireless device can save additional information for the following items: for displaying the program of the S area 920 for the program list] (7) in the current superscript All MLCs sent in the box; or (3) some other moving groups. The wireless device can then begin decoding any of these MLcs in the current hyperframe without having to wait for the OIS in the next hyperframe. The wireless device can recover the code blocks transmitted in the -specific MLC without having to receive the entire code block. For example, if the code block uses a 3/4 rate Solomon Solomon code and the code block is divided into four subcode blocks and sent in the fourth (four) box of the _ superframe (as shown in Figure 3), Then, the no-wire device can recover the code block by using only three of the sub-blocks. The wireless device can recover the code block by decoding the MLC starting at the frame. Therefore, if the U receives the indication of decoding the MLC during the frame 1, the line device can start decoding the MLC in the frame 2 without waiting for the next hyperframe. Referring again to Figure 9, when the user visits the festival one, the cursor 922 indicates that the current highlight is not visible. Benefit 3», ie ...'line access can be used when the additional information for this program MLC is available, that is, decoding is reversed. As mentioned above, 160480.doc •21- 201215192 If the resources are sufficient, the wireless device can simultaneously decode the program displayed in white. In an embodiment, the wireless device begins decompressing the highlighted program when the decoded material is available. Depending on It =, the wireless device can display this sin after the debounced program is decompressed. In another embodiment, the wireless device continues to decode, decompress, and display the currently selected program until the user chooses to highlight the program. For this embodiment, the wireless device uses decoded data for highlighting the program to quickly switch to the program when the user selects. If the highlighted program does not use layered coding, the wireless device compresses the currently selected program while decoding the highlighted program, such as Tazaki. The wireless device can decode and display the decoded material when the program for highlighting is available. If the currently selected program and the highlighted version use hierarchical coding, the wireless device can switch between programs in stages, e.g., as shown in FIG. The wireless device can decode the base stream for two programs and can decompress and display the elementary stream for the currently selected program. (1) Once the decoded material for the program is available and/or (7) if the user selects the program, the wireless device can unwind and display the elementary stream of the program for highlighting. If the user selects the highlighted program, the parallel device can decode and (4) downsize the enhanced stream for the program. If the wireless device is decoding the current highlighted program Y and the user highlights the other program Z', the wireless device terminates the processing of the program γ and begins decoding the program z when the additional information for the target Z is available. The wireless device follows the user's tour of the various programs and attempts to decode any of the currently highlighted programs. This allows the wireless device to quickly switch between the program displayed on the latest highlights when the user subsequently selects it. As described above, the wireless device can perform the reverse decoding of the program without the early decoding of the program. The wireless device can also be based on, for example, page curl θ ^ w , 匕 information, such as user selection. Λ 4, etc., to predict the next example, if the user tries ^ ^ ^ - distance, then the target channel is relatively; the special ... channel, its sustainable tap " up page " button in: In the case, the helmet cried and the cuckoo knew that he was a soldier. In this case, the program that is displayed in the reverse direction of the 100-speed change is released. After the button is released, Bohe 畀 4 C, 丨 又 is hot and deep IS, and the recent decoding of the program is highlighted. Or, the wireless device can be invisible to the previous program. This "future" rib a ... and lane heads can be determined based on the direction and speed of the page. The display of the intermediate program during the fast page can provide good feedback to the user. In other cases, the user may Click on the page to scroll up at a slightly periodic rate, and press the button to view the program channel. In this case, the wireless device can decode, decode, and display the highlights of the time sufficient to perform such tasks. The program can also decode one or more programs (if resources are available) of the program displayed in reverse when predicting the user's navigation in this direction. For example, if four programs A, B aD is arranged in order from eight to D. When the wireless device receives the channel of the program person, it can start to acquire the program 3 and when the wireless device receives the channel of the program b, it can abandon the program 8 and start. Obtain programs c and D. The wireless device can also begin to acquire multiple programs in multiple directions (eg, in the opposite direction of the channel page). I60480.doc •23· 201215192 Users can directly enter one via a numeric keypad. The program's channel number is used to select the program. The wireless device can initiate early decoding based on the user-entered button. For example, 'users can tap "3", then tap "8' and then tap " ; enter, to go to program channel 38. Upon receiving a "3" keystroke from the user, the wireless device can begin early decoding of program channel 3 (predicting the user selecting this channel) and/or saving additional information for the program channel to ("four" (four) These channels are in the (four) τ keystrokes. 'The wireless device predicts that the user selects this channel to start early decoding of the program channel %. The wireless device can decompress and receive the "input" keystroke. Display this channel. — Wireless devices can also save additional information and/or post early decoding for frequently accessed programs. For example, 'users can jump between programs with two senses frequently or continuously (for example, by Press ,, "jump" When the heart detects a situation, the wireless device can decode two programs when predicting the next jump. It can also roll pages between a small range of program channels. ΓThe wireless device can decode the wireless device during the next channel conversion in the volume page to enable _ related information to be decoded early. Different key inputs (such as 丨 & (1) such as scroll up ""jump", digital number can not provide special information 'it can be user difficult # && used by ..., line devices to predict the next = choice. Wireless devices can be executed by any program ( For example, the current decoding of the program displayed in reverse, one in the volume of the second head, etc. ° ° Show U shows a method for cutting between multimedia programs with early decoding (4) 160480.doc -24- 201215192 Method 11 〇 The wireless device detects the user's tour of the program based on, for example, a button/button action (block 1112). If determined by block 1114, the wireless device begins processing if a user tour is detected. The OIS in each hyperframe saves additional information for the MLC of interest (block 1116). For example, 'the wireless device can be all MLC, or just the MLC for the program displayed on the program screen, or some Some other]^1^(:: groups save additional information. After detecting the user's tour, the wireless device then monitors the user input (block 1118, as determined by block 1120, if a user input is received, Wireless The device determines whether the user input is a channel selection button (block 1122). The channel selection button is a button that instructs the user to select a new program channel 'which may include "input","previous channel"," The next channel "and, jump" button. If the channel selection button is not received, the wireless device identifies a possible program with the user's selection based on the user input that has been received (block U24). The program can predict the program to be selected for the currently highlighted program or a digital and/or non-numeric button input. The wireless device begins early decoding of the identified program (block 1126). The wireless device can also decompress and display the program (as appropriate) before the user selects (block 1128). Alternatively, the wireless device can wait for the user to select the program (not shown in the figure) before decompressing and displaying the program. This method is then returned to block 11-8. Referring again to block 1122, if a channel selection button is received, the wireless device switches to a new program, which may be a program identified based on prior user input. The wireless device then decodes, decompresses, and displays the selected 160480.doc • 25-201215192 program (block 1130). This method can then return to block 11 18 (shown in FIG. 2) or block 1112. The wireless device can execute block 1112 through block 1116 in response to the first user input after a button/button quiescent state. The first user input will also trigger blocks 1118 and 1120 and will be processed appropriately. For clarity purposes, program selection via a program listing has been described above. Programs can also be selected in other ways, such as using other screen direct selection methods. For example, a display may display one or more icons, and each icon may represent a particular program. In any event, the wireless device can begin acquiring (e. g., decoding) the program when the program is highlighted, and can switch to the program when the user selects. Since the acquisition process begins before the user selects, the user feels faster to get the speed. Continuous decoding and early decoding techniques can be used for one or more data streams associated with multimedia programs. For example, continuous decoding or early decoding may be used only for the audio portion/component of current and new multimedia programs, or for only the video portion, or the audio and video portions. Thus, blocks 810, 814, 818 and 822 of Figure 8 and blocks 1126, 1128 and 113 of Figure 11 can be performed for the audio portion, the video portion or the audio and video portions of the current and new multimedia programs. The resources at the wireless device can be configured to receive different parts/components for different multimedia programs. For example, the RX data processor 17 can simultaneously decode and decompress the audio portion of one program and the video portion of another program. This allows the user to watch and listen to two different programs simultaneously. Continuous decoding and early decoding allow the user to switch the audio and/or video portions of the two programs more seamlessly. For example, a user can watch a baseball game at the same time and receive music at 160480.doc 8 •26· 201215192. If the game becomes right-handed, the user can more easily sing the audio part of the half. Users can also watch the game at the same time and switch to video and/or audio to a more interesting game when there is an exciting event. The video and audio decoders at the wireless device will need to perform video and audio solutions respectively. The base station can access the video and audio in a way that is available. Figure 12 shows the transmission of video and audio over time calibrated at the base station. The video part (4) and the audio part are simultaneously played, and are transmitted by the base station via the _calibrated transmission. The wireless device receives the video and audio parts, decodes the parts and completes these parts at the time Ding 2 Decoding "for simplicity" Figure 12 shows the same transmission and decoding delay D dec for the video and audio portions. The wireless device then uses the video and audio decoder to separately decompress the decoded video and audio portions. _ Show Video Decompression Delay Dvide. And audio decompression delay 込.... , where Dv.... Usually larger than Daudi. And if, for example, to obtain improved compression characteristics and not transmit frames in sequence, it can be compared to Daudi. A lot bigger. The wireless device will then decompress the tone siL as early as T!3. Wireless devices typically buffer the decoded audio (rather than decompressed audio with more bits) by the difference in decompression delay (i.e., -Daudi.). This buffer allows simultaneous playback of the video and audio portions when the video decompression is completed at time T14. Figure 13 shows the transmission of video and audio with time compensation to account for differences in video and audio decompression delays. A video part 1310 and a tone 160480.doc • 27· 201215192 part 13 12 are simultaneously played, but they are transmitted by the base station at different times and at different times. The wireless device receives the video and audio portions, decodes the portions to complete the decoding of the video at the time Τ23, and completes the decoding of the audio at the time of 24: "The wireless device respectively decompresses the decoded video and audio portions, and At the moment I'M completes the decompression of the two parts. The video decompression delay is Dvide. The audio decompression delay is Daudi. It is the same as shown in FIG. However, the video portion 13 1 0 has an earlier transmission delay difference Δ D, or Δϋ = T22-T21, relative to the audio portion 13 12 . Using the delay compensated transmission shown in Figure 13, the wireless device can play the audio as it is decompressed without buffering the audio and waiting for the video to decompress. It is preferred to play the audio as early as possible (and earlier than the video due to the shorter decompression delay) to provide a faster response to program conversion. The response time of the time compensated transmission in Figure 13 is faster than the response time of the time calibrated transmission in Figure 2. Since audio is used for information related to many programs such as news, weather, etc., users can enjoy audio even when there is no video. Various techniques for seamless handover reception (eg, continuous decoding, early decoding, phased switching using elementary and enhanced streams, and time compensated video and audio transmission) can be applied separately. These techniques can also be applied in a variety of different combinations. For example, as described above, early decoding can be performed in combination with phased switching. The seamless handover reception techniques described herein can be constructed from a variety of components. For example, such techniques can be constructed in hardware, software, or a combination thereof. For a hardware embodiment, the 160480.doc 8 -28-201215192 processing unit for supporting or performing seamless handover reception may be constructed in one or more special application integrated circuits (ASIC), digital signal processors ( DSP), Digital Signal Processing Device (DspD), Programmable Logger (PLD), Field Programmable Gate Array (FpGA), Processor, Controller, Microcontroller, Microprocessor, and others designed as An electronic unit or combination thereof that performs the functions described herein. For a software embodiment, the techniques described herein can be implemented using a module (e.g., private sequence, function, etc.) that performs the functions described herein. The software code can be stored in a memory unit (e.g., memory unit 142 or 192 in Figure 1) and executed by a processor (e.g., controller 14 or 19). The memory unit can be constructed within the processor or external to the processor, as is known in the art as being external to the processor and can be grounded to the processor via various components. This article includes a title for reference and help finding a particular paragraph. These headings are not intended to limit the scope of the concepts described below, and such concepts may be applicable in other paragraphs throughout the specification. The foregoing embodiments (4) are intended to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the invention may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is intended to be accorded to the broadest scope of the principles and novel features disclosed herein. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 shows a block diagram of a base station and a wireless device; Figure 2 shows an exemplary hyperframe structure; 160480.doc -29- 201215192 Figure 3 illustrates the transmission of a data stream on a data channel; 4 shows a transmission (τχ) data processor at a base station; FIG. 5 shows a receiving data processor at a wireless device; FIG. 5 shows a time line for switching reception from program a to program b; FIG. A timeline for switching reception to program b from program a, wherein both programs use layered coding; FIG. 8 shows a method for switching reception from program A to program B; FIG. 9 shows an exemplary display screen Figure 10 shows an exemplary table for program listing maintenance; Figure 11 shows a method for switching reception between programs with early decoding; Figure 12 shows time-aligned transmission of video and audio; and Figure 13 shows Time-compensated transmission of video and audio. [Main component symbol description] 100 Wireless communication system 110 Base station 112 Data source 120 TX data processor 130 Multiplexer/modulator 132 Transmission unit 134 Antenna 140 Controller 142 Memory 144 Scheduler 160480.doc 201215192 150 Wireless Device 152 Antenna 154 Receiver Unit 160 Demodulator/Multiplexer 170 RX Data Processor 180 Post Processor 182 Display Unit 184 Audio Unit 190 Controller 192 Memory 200 Super Frame Structure 201 Super Frame 220 Wizard Symbol 230 Extra/Control Information Symbol 240 Fields 242a-242d Frame 1-4 410 Video Encoding 420 > 460 TX Elementary Stream Processor 422, 462 External Encoder/Interleaver 424, 464 Internal Encoder/Interleaver 426 ' 466 Symbol Mapping 430, 470 TX Enhanced Stream Processor 440 '480 Combiner 450 Audio Coding - 31 - 160480.doc 201215192 520 '560 RX Elementary Stream Processor 522 '562 Symbol Map 524 '564 Internal Decoder/Deinterleaver 526 ' 566 External Decoder/Deinterleaver 530 ' 570 RX Enhanced Stream Processor 540 Video Decoder 542 Video Buffer 544 580 audio decoder 582 audio buffer 584 demultiplexer 900 display 910 > 920 area 922 cursor 1000 table 1012 program channel 1014 program name 1016 multiplex logic channel (MLC) 1018 MLC parameter 1020 MLC position 1210 video part 1212 audio Section 1310 Video Section 1312 Audio Section • 32 160480.doc 8