201209285 [0001] 發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關於一種風扇驅動裝置，特別是一種整合式 [0002] [0003] Ο [0004] [0005] 【先前技林ί】 現代人大量地使用到風扇，例如調節通風、使電腦及儀 器降溫等等；如果沒有風扇，將對我們生活上或科技發 展上造成相當程度的不便。 然而目前習知的風扇大多需藉由外部之變壓器連接至市 電父流電以轉換成直流電後才能使用，且習知的風扇並 沒有整合輸出或輸入信號的能力；這些都是習知的風扇 的缺點。 【發明内容】 為改善上述習知技術之缺點，本發明之目的在於提供一 種整合式風扇驅動裝置。 為達成本發明之上述目的，本發明之整合式風扇驅動裝 置包含：一交流轉直流電路；一降壓電路，該降壓電路 電性連接至該交流轉直流電路；一穩壓電路，該穩壓電 路電性連接至該降壓電路；一微控制器單元，該微控制 器單元電性連接至該穩壓電路；一直流馬達驅動電路， 該直流馬達驅動電路電性連接至該微控制器單元及該降 壓電路；一溫度變化感應單元，該溫度變化感應單元電 性連接至該微控制器單元；一風扇馬達狀態輸出單元， 該風扇馬達狀態輸出單元電性連接至該微控制器單元； 及一馬達單元，該馬達單元電性連接至該直流馬達驅動 電路。該微控制器單元係用以控制該直流馬達驅動電路 099128599 表單編號Α0101 第5頁/共14頁 0992050229-0 201209285 以驅動該馬達單元。 【實施方式】 [0006] 請參考第一圖，其係為本發明之整合式風扇驅動裝置方 塊圖。本發明之整合式風扇驅動裝置10係應用於一脈寬 調變信號單元114 ;該整合式風扇驅動裝置10包含一交流 轉直流電路102、一降壓電路104、一微控制器單元106 、一馬達單元1 〇 8、一直流馬達驅動電路11 0、一磁感應 元件112、一溫度變化感應單元116 、一電壓變化感應 單元118、一第一耦合隔離電路146、一風扇馬達狀態輸 出單元148、一第二耦合隔離電路150及一穩壓電路152 〇 [0007] 該交流轉直流電路102、該降壓電路104、該穩壓電路 152、該微控制器單元106、該直流馬達驅動電路110、 該磁感應元件112、該風扇馬達狀態輸出單元148及該溫 度變化感應單元116可統稱為一微控制器整合電路（未圖 示）。在一實際之實施例當中，該風扇馬達狀態輸出單 元148可以被包含在該微控制器單元106之積體電路内， 成為該微控制器單元106的功能之一；該風扇馬達狀態輸 出單元148可輸出轉速輸出信號、停止或運轉狀態輸出信 號或風扇停止警報輸出信號。 [0008] 該微控制器單元106電性連接至該穩壓電路152、該溫度 變化感應單元116、該電壓變化感應單元118、該直流馬 達驅動電路110、該磁感應元件112、該第一耦合隔離電 路146及該風扇馬達狀態輸出單元148 ;該降壓電路104 電性連接至該交流轉直流電路1 0 2、該直流馬達驅動電路 099128599 表單編號A0101 第6頁/共14頁 0992050229-0 201209285 110及該穩壓電路152 ;該馬達單元108電性連接至該磁 感應元件112及該直流馬達驅動電路110 ;該脈寬調變信 號單元114電性連接至該第一耦合隔離電路146 ;該第二 耦合隔離電路150電性連接至該風扇馬達狀態輸出單元 148。 [0009] Ο [0010] 〇 [0011] 該交流轉直流電路102包含一橋式整流器142、一壓敏電 阻器144、一限流電組（未圖示）及一過壓抑制器（未圖 示）等等元件。該壓敏電阻器144係用以防止電源突波對 電路造成損壞；該限流電阻亦可以一保險絲（未圖示） 取代，用以防止電路老化異常時造成電源短路。該交流 轉直流電路102係用以將一 該降壓電路104及該穩壓電路152係用以將該高壓直流電 122轉換成一低壓直流電124。習知的風扇係以外部之變 壓器達成交流電轉直流電再降壓使用的目的；本創作之 整合式風扇驅動裝置係整合該降壓電路104及該穩壓電路 152成為風扇之内部電路，以該降壓電路104及該穩壓電 路152達成降壓及穩壓的目的。該降壓電路104包含偏壓 電阻（未圖示）、穩壓電容（未圖示）、Ν型金氧半場效 應電晶體（未圖示）及ΝΡΝ電晶體（未圖示）等等零件。 該磁感應元件112係用以偵測磁性充磁物件（未圖示，例 如磁石、磁條或磁環，在風扇扇葉轉子内）的磁極（Ν極 或S極）以提供該微控制器整合電路控制對應的線圈馬達 (單相或三相）的開關元件的開關控制（未圖示，例如 電晶體、金氧半場效應電晶體、絕緣閘極雙極性電晶體 、矽控整流器或三端雙向可控矽元件）所組成的該直流 099128599 表單編號Α0101 第7頁/共14頁. 0992050229-0 201209285 馬達驅動電路lio，控制該馬達單元108的電樞繞組（未 圖示）作電磁場切換。 [0012] [0013] [0014] [0015] 該脈寬調變信號單元114為外部之PWM信號輸出裝置，用 以輸出一 遠溫度變化感應單元丨1 6包含一負溫度係數熱敏電阻134 或一正溫度係數熱敏電阻136 ;該溫度變化感應單元116 係用以輸出一溫度變化之電壓信號1 28至該微控制器單元 106 ’以控制該直流馬達驅動電路110驅動該馬達單元 108 ’再轉動該風扇單元’作風扇轉速的變化。 該電壓變化感應單元U8包含一可變電阻^ 3 8或一比較器 14 0 ’该電壓變化感應子單元11 §係用以輸出一電壓變化 信號130至該微控制器整合電路106，以控制該直流馬達 驅動電路110驅動該馬達單元108，再轉動該風扇單元， 作風扇轉速的變化。該電壓變化信號13〇亦可由人工控制 〇 該微控制器單元106具有強大之輸入（input)及輸出（ output)整合能力，係藉由整合該磁感應元件112、該 脈X*調變k號單元114輸出之該脈寬調變信號1 2 6、該溫 度變化感應單元11 6及該電壓變化感應單元118後輸出一 PWM調變電壓控制信號（未圖示）控制該直流馬達驅動電 路110以驅動該馬達單元108，來控制該風扇單元的轉速 變化。該微控制器單元106亦可驅動發光二極體（未圖示 )或蜂鳴益（未圖示）’以在例如债測到風扇整體或該 馬達單元1 0 8損壞或異物干涉不轉動時發出擊示。 099128599 表單編號A0101 第8頁/共14頁 0992050229-0 201209285 [0016] 該馬達單元108係為風扇馬達的硬體， )、石夕鋼片（未圖示）等等所組成的電 )和轉子（包含磁性元件） 包含線圈（未圖示 樞繞組（未圖示 。該馬達單元108的轉子為磁 性充磁物件（例如磁石、磁條或磁環），加上扇葉葉型 及軸心，可以省下傳歧子及轉子均為電磁場之電力輪 出；加上該微控制器單兀106的緩啟動（s〇ft start) 功能可降低啟動功耗，精準限制消耗電流以節省功耗， 亦可對轉速作精準的設定。 0 mi] 該整合式風扇驅動裝置10更包含一光耦合電路（未圖示 );在市電高壓交流電轉為高壓直流電作訊號輸出時， 高壓的成份有可能逸過異常的短路接觸產生高壓損壞客 戶的偵測或輸入的低電壓電路因W此透過該先麵合電路 以區隔開高低電壓信號區塊’避免高壓損壞客戶端應用 的輸入及輸出電路。 [0018] 本發明之整合式風扇驅動裝置係直接將市電交流電轉換 成直流電後再降壓旅調整電壓使用，不需外部之變壓器 Ο w ;並且以微控制器整合電路’接收外部之脈寬調變信號 、溫度感測元件電路的溫度變化電壓信號或人工控制之 電壓變化信號等等方式輸出對應PWM調變的電壓控制信號 來控制直流馬達驅動電路用以驅動無刷馬達（轉子、定 子）達到風扇轉速變化受控速的目的。 [0019] 综上所述，當知本發明已具有產業利用性、新穎性與進 步性，又本發明之構造亦未曾見於同類產品及公開使用 ，完全符合發明專利申請要件，爰依專利法提出申請。 【圖式簡單說明】 表單編號A0101 第9頁/共14頁 0992050229-0 201209285 [0020] [0021] [0022] [0023] [0024] [0025] [0026] [0027] [0028] [0029] [0030] [0031] [0032] [0033] [0034] [0035] [0036] [0037] 第一圖為本發明之整合式風扇驅動裝置方塊圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 整合式風扇驅動裝置10 交流轉直流電路1 0 2 降壓電路10 4 微控制器單元106 馬達單元108 直流馬達驅動電路11 0 磁感應元件112 脈寬調變信號單元114 溫度變化感應單元116 電壓變化感應單元11 8 面壓父流電1 2 0 高壓直流電12 2 低壓直流電124 脈寬調變信號126 溫度變化之電壓信號128 電壓變化信號130 負溫度係數熱敏電阻134 正溫度係數熱敏電阻1 3 6 099128599 表單編號A0101 第10頁/共14頁 0992050229-0 [0038] 201209285 [0039] 可變電阻1 3 8 [0040] 比較器1 4 0 [0041] 橋式整流器142 [0042] 壓敏電阻器144 [0043] 第一耦合隔離電路146 [0044] 風扇馬達狀態輸出單元148 [0045] 第二耦合隔離電路150 Ο [0046] 穩壓電路1 5 2 099128599 表單編號A0101 第11頁/共14頁 0992050229-0201209285 [0001] [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a fan driving device, and more particularly to an integrated type [0002] [0003] [0004] [0005] [Previous Skills] Modern People A large number of fans are used, such as adjusting ventilation, cooling computers and instruments, etc.; if there is no fan, it will cause considerable inconvenience to our life or technological development. However, most of the conventional fans need to be connected to the mains power flow by an external transformer to be converted into direct current, and the conventional fan does not have the ability to integrate output or input signals; these are conventional fans. Disadvantages. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION To improve the above disadvantages of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide an integrated fan drive apparatus. In order to achieve the above object of the present invention, an integrated fan driving device of the present invention comprises: an AC to DC circuit; a step-down circuit electrically connected to the AC to DC circuit; and a voltage stabilizing circuit The voltage circuit is electrically connected to the step-down circuit; a microcontroller unit electrically connected to the voltage stabilizing circuit; and a DC motor driving circuit electrically connected to the microcontroller And a voltage change sensing unit electrically connected to the microcontroller unit; a fan motor state output unit electrically connected to the microcontroller unit And a motor unit electrically connected to the DC motor drive circuit. The microcontroller unit is used to control the DC motor drive circuit 099128599 Form No. 1010101 Page 5 of 14 0992050229-0 201209285 to drive the motor unit. [Embodiment] [0006] Please refer to the first figure, which is a block diagram of the integrated fan driving device of the present invention. The integrated fan driving device 10 of the present invention is applied to a pulse width modulation signal unit 114. The integrated fan driving device 10 includes an AC to DC circuit 102, a step-down circuit 104, a microcontroller unit 106, and a The motor unit 1 〇8, the DC motor drive circuit 110, a magnetic induction element 112, a temperature change sensing unit 116, a voltage change sensing unit 118, a first coupling isolation circuit 146, a fan motor state output unit 148, and a a second coupling isolation circuit 150 and a voltage stabilization circuit 152 该 [0007] the AC to DC circuit 102, the step-down circuit 104, the voltage stabilization circuit 152, the microcontroller unit 106, the DC motor drive circuit 110, The magnetic sensing element 112, the fan motor state output unit 148, and the temperature change sensing unit 116 may be collectively referred to as a microcontroller integrated circuit (not shown). In a practical embodiment, the fan motor status output unit 148 may be included in the integrated circuit of the microcontroller unit 106 as one of the functions of the microcontroller unit 106; the fan motor status output unit 148 It can output the speed output signal, stop or running status output signal or fan stop alarm output signal. The microcontroller unit 106 is electrically connected to the voltage stabilizing circuit 152, the temperature change sensing unit 116, the voltage change sensing unit 118, the DC motor driving circuit 110, the magnetic sensing element 112, and the first coupling isolation. The circuit 146 and the fan motor state output unit 148; the buck circuit 104 is electrically connected to the AC to DC circuit 1 0 2. The DC motor drive circuit 099128599 Form No. A0101 Page 6 / 14 pages 0992050229-0 201209285 110 And the voltage stabilizing circuit 152; the motor unit 108 is electrically connected to the magnetic sensing element 112 and the DC motor driving circuit 110; the pulse width modulation signal unit 114 is electrically connected to the first coupling isolation circuit 146; The coupling isolation circuit 150 is electrically connected to the fan motor state output unit 148. [0010] The AC to DC circuit 102 includes a bridge rectifier 142, a varistor 144, a current limiting group (not shown), and an overvoltage suppressor (not shown). ) and so on. The varistor 144 is used to prevent power surges from damaging the circuit; the current limiting resistor can also be replaced by a fuse (not shown) to prevent a short circuit caused by abnormal aging of the circuit. The AC-DC circuit 102 is configured to convert a step-down circuit 104 and the voltage stabilizing circuit 152 into a low-voltage DC 124. The conventional fan is designed to use an external transformer to achieve alternating current, direct current, and voltage reduction. The integrated fan driving device of the present invention integrates the step-down circuit 104 and the voltage stabilizing circuit 152 into an internal circuit of the fan. The voltage circuit 104 and the voltage stabilization circuit 152 achieve the purpose of step-down and voltage regulation. The step-down circuit 104 includes a bias resistor (not shown), a voltage stabilizing capacitor (not shown), a Ν-type MOS field effect transistor (not shown), and a germanium transistor (not shown). The magnetic sensing element 112 is configured to detect a magnetic pole (dip or S pole) of a magnetically magnetized object (not shown, such as a magnet, a magnetic strip or a magnetic ring, in a fan blade rotor) to provide integration of the microcontroller. The circuit control controls the switching control of the switching elements of the corresponding coil motor (single-phase or three-phase) (not shown, such as a transistor, a MOS field effect transistor, an insulated gate bipolar transistor, a 矽-controlled rectifier or a three-terminal bidirectional The DC 099128599 form number Α0101 Page 7 of 14 0992050229-0 201209285 The motor drive circuit lio controls the armature winding (not shown) of the motor unit 108 for electromagnetic field switching. [0015] [0015] The pulse width modulation signal unit 114 is an external PWM signal output device for outputting a far temperature change sensing unit 丨16 including a negative temperature coefficient thermistor 134 or a positive temperature coefficient thermistor 136; the temperature change sensing unit 116 is configured to output a temperature change voltage signal 1 28 to the microcontroller unit 106' to control the DC motor drive circuit 110 to drive the motor unit 108' Rotate the fan unit 'as a change in fan speed. The voltage change sensing unit U8 includes a variable resistor 38 or a comparator 14 0 '. The voltage change sensing sub-unit 11 is configured to output a voltage change signal 130 to the microcontroller integration circuit 106 to control the The DC motor drive circuit 110 drives the motor unit 108, and then rotates the fan unit to change the fan speed. The voltage change signal 13〇 can also be manually controlled. The microcontroller unit 106 has a powerful input and output integration capability by integrating the magnetic sensing element 112 and the pulse X* modulation k unit. 114, the pulse width modulation signal 1 2 6 , the temperature change sensing unit 11 6 and the voltage change sensing unit 118 output a PWM modulation voltage control signal (not shown) to control the DC motor driving circuit 110 to drive The motor unit 108 controls the change in the rotational speed of the fan unit. The microcontroller unit 106 can also drive a light-emitting diode (not shown) or a buzzer (not shown) to detect, for example, when the fuse is measured as a whole or the motor unit 108 is damaged or foreign matter is not rotating. Issue a strike. 099128599 Form No. A0101 Page 8 of 14 0992050229-0 201209285 [0016] The motor unit 108 is a hard body of a fan motor, an electric slab of a stone (not shown), and the like. (including magnetic element) includes a coil (not shown) (not shown. The rotor of the motor unit 108 is a magnetically magnetized object (such as a magnet, a magnetic strip or a magnetic ring), plus a fan blade type and an axis, It can save the power transfer of the electromagnetic flux and the rotor are electromagnetic fields; plus the slow start (s〇ft start) function of the microcontroller unit 106 can reduce the startup power consumption and accurately limit the current consumption to save power. The speed can also be accurately set. 0 mi] The integrated fan drive unit 10 further includes an optical coupling circuit (not shown); when the commercial high-voltage alternating current is converted to high-voltage direct current signal output, the high-voltage component may escape. An abnormally short-circuit contact generates a low-voltage circuit that detects high voltage or damage to the customer's detection or input. This is because the high-low voltage signal block is separated by the first-face circuit to avoid high-voltage damage to the input and output of the client application. [0018] The integrated fan driving device of the present invention directly converts the commercial alternating current into direct current and then uses the buck brigade to adjust the voltage, without external transformers, and receives the external pulse width by the microcontroller integrated circuit. The modulation signal, the temperature change voltage signal of the temperature sensing component circuit or the manually controlled voltage change signal, etc. output a voltage control signal corresponding to the PWM modulation to control the DC motor driving circuit for driving the brushless motor (rotor, stator) To achieve the purpose of controlling the speed of the change of the fan speed. [0019] In summary, it is known that the present invention has industrial applicability, novelty and advancement, and the structure of the present invention has not been seen in the same kind of products and is used publicly. The invention patent application requirements are filed according to the patent law. [Simple description of the drawing] Form No. A0101 Page 9/14 pages 0992050229-0 201209285 [0020] [0022] [0023] [0025] [0037] [0037] [0037] [0037] [0037] [0037] The first figure is an integrated fan drive device block of the present invention [Main component symbol description] Integrated fan drive unit 10 AC to DC circuit 1 0 2 Step-down circuit 10 4 Microcontroller unit 106 Motor unit 108 DC motor drive circuit 11 0 Magnetic induction element 112 Pulse width modulation signal unit 114 Temperature Change sensing unit 116 Voltage change sensing unit 11 8 Face pressure parent current 1 2 0 High voltage DC 12 2 Low voltage DC 124 Pulse width modulation signal 126 Temperature change voltage signal 128 Voltage change signal 130 Negative temperature coefficient thermistor 134 Positive temperature Coefficient thermistor 1 3 6 099128599 Form No. A0101 Page 10 / Total 14 Page 0992050229-0 [0038] 201209285 [0039] Variable Resistor 1 3 8 [0040] Comparator 1 4 0 [0041] Bridge Rectifier 142 [ 0042] Varistor 144 [0043] First Coupling Isolation Circuit 146 [0044] Fan Motor Status Output Unit 148 [0045] Second Coupling Isolation Circuit 150 Ο [0046] Voltage Stabilization Circuit 1 5 2 099128599 Form No. A0101 No. 11 Page / Total 14 pages 0992050229-0