201207439 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種明處對比及全光線透射率爲高之柵 片（louver sheet)、及柵片之製造方法。 【先前技術】 在液晶顯示器、電漿顯示器等之顯示器，通常是將具 有抗反射功能、防眩功能、電磁波遮蔽功能、近紅外線遮 蔽功能等之功能性薄膜配置於顯示器之視認側。並且，爲 抑制由於外光所引起之對比降低，已有提案一種包括將許 多遮光部排列成條紋狀而成之柵片之顯示器用濾光片（發 明專利文獻1'2、3)。柵片也被使用於自動提款機（ATM )、可攜式電話、個人電腦以作爲防止窺視之用。此外， 柵片也被使用於汽車駕皸導向系統，使得影像不致於映入 前面玻璃，或用於限制收看方向。此等柵片係在透明基材 上形成具有由紫外線硬化性樹脂所構成之具有條紋狀凸部 之透鏡層，且將可吸收光的黑色物質塡充於透鏡層之凸部 與凸部之溝而形成遮光部。 先前爲有效地抑制由於外光所引起之對比降低，一向 是設置具有ΙΟΟμιη以上高度之遮光部，同時具有遮光部之 柵片又需要能使光以不致於降低顯示器之顯示影像視認性 之程度的量而透射過，因此遮光部之節距（遮光部重複出 現之周期）一向是設定爲5 0 μπι以上。亦即’先前的遮光 部一向是設計成高度爲高、且節距爲廣闊。由於其在遮光 201207439 部之形成過程則形成深溝並在其溝中塡充黑色物質，因此 在遮光部之製造步驟方面會造成遮光材料之使用量多、又 容易造成對溝的塡充不充分而導致生產性低等不利問題。 因此，爲改善成本或薄片之使用性，先前是提案一種 將遮光部之節距與遮光部之寬度製成爲狹窄之柵片（發明 專利文獻4)。由於藉由將遮光部之節距或寬度製成爲狹 窄即可降低遮光部之高度，可減少樹脂材料之使用量而縮 減成本。 此外’已有提案一種以遮光材料使得透鏡層膨潤而使 遮光部之寬度製成爲狹窄之柵片之製造方法（發明專利文 獻5 )。 先前技術文獻 發明專利文獻 發明專利文獻1 日本發明專利特開第20〇4-62〇84號公報 發明專利文獻2 日本發明專利特開第2006-2〇 1 5 7 7號公 報 發明專利文獻3日本發明專利特開第2006-189867號公 報 發明專利文獻4日本發明專利特開第2008-304674號公 報 發明專利文獻5日本發明專利特開第2009-139493號公 報 201207439 【發明內容】 [所欲解決之技術問題] 根據發明專利文獻4，則將具有平行並排的許多刀刃 之模具推壓於透鏡層而形成用於供遮光部塡充於透鏡層之 溝。然而，爲使遮光部之節距或寬度製成爲狹窄，則非縮 小模具的刀刃寬度、或刀刃與刀刃之間隔不可，因此模具 之成型性會惡化。而且，模具與透鏡層之脫模性也會惡化 、容易發生缺陷而導致產率降低。 根據發明專利文獻5之製造方法，則不需要縮小模具 之刀刃寬度，因此模具之成型性佳。此外，模具與基材之 脫模性也爲佳，生產效率則增高。然而，當以遮光材料膨 潤透鏡層時，遮光部與透鏡層之境界將變得模糊而導致全 光線透射率降低。 有鑑於此，本發明之目的是提供一種可有效地抑制由 於外光所引起之對比降低，且全光線透射率爲高之柵片。 更進一步，本發明之目的是提供一種以低成本且在良好的 生產性下製造此等柵片之方法》 [解決問題之技術方法] 本發明係一種柵片，其包括：在第一面形成具有許多 平行溝之樹脂薄片、與 經塡充成至少埋入於該溝之底部之以柵材料所構成之 柵部：且 由對該樹脂薄片之第一面成垂直的方向所觀看之開口 率爲80%以上， 201207439 在對該溝之長軸方向成垂直的截面，該栅部之最寬寬 度W爲Ο.ίμηι以上且5μιη以下、該柵部之最寬寬度w與 高度Η之比W/H爲0.01以上且0.2以下。 此外，本發明是一種柵片之製造方法，其包括：在一 側的面成型具有許多平行溝之樹脂薄片之步驟（Α)； 緊接著該步驟（Α)而將柵材料塡充成至少埋入於該溝 之底部之步驟（Β);以及將該樹脂薄片朝該薄片之厚度方 向加壓使得該溝之寬度變狹窄之步驟（C)。 [發明之功效] 若根據本發明，則可提供一種可有效地抑制由於外光 所引起之對比降低’且全光線透射率爲高之柵片。並且， 可以低成本且在良好的生產性下製造上述柵片。 【實施方式】 [本發明之最佳實施方式] [柵片] 茲將本發明之柵片之若干實施模式參照圖式說明如下 。第1圖（a)是本發明之柵片之透視圖。栅片1是在樹脂 薄片2之內部形成具有許多平行條紋狀之柵部3。柵部3 是在樹脂薄片2之一側的表面形成具有許多平行溝，並在 該溝塡充用於賦予例如遮光性或光擴散性的光學特性之材 料（在下文中’則稱爲「柵材料」）所形成。在下文中， 將形成具有樹脂薄片之溝的一側之表面稱爲「面4」》 201207439 柵材料是除了遮光劑或光擴散材料之外，可倂用各種 著色劑。作爲栅材料而塡充遮光劑者，則如上述可使用於 顯示器之對比提高薄膜或保密薄膜。塡充光擴散材料者， 則可使用於背光等之增亮膜或提高有機電激發光等之面發 光體的光取出用。如在上述各種領域中，則以一種開口率 爲高且溝爲細小之柵片爲有用。在下文中，則將以塡充遮 光劑作爲柵材料之方式爲重點而加以說明，但是本發明並 不將柵材料限定爲遮光劑者。在本發明中，則將以遮光性 爲目的之柵部稱爲「遮光部」，而用於形成遮光部之柵材 料則稱爲「遮光材料」。 柵部並不需要完全的塡埋溝，只要其爲能滿足如後所 述寬度與高度之關係時，則至少塡埋溝之底部即可，且可 在內部具有空洞或其他成分。此外，溝或柵部是不需要爲 嚴格的平行’只要其爲在供實務應用之柵片之大小下，溝 彼此或柵部彼此不致於成交叉時，則可爲稍微偏離平行。 其次，參閱第1圖（b)、第1圖（c)及第8圖，關 於柵部3之形狀詳細加以說明。第1圖（b )、第1圖（c )及第8圖爲將柵片以與樹脂薄片之溝的長軸方向成垂直 的面加以剖切時之截面圖。第1圖（b)爲本發明之柵片之 一模式截面圖。第1圖（c)爲本發明之柵片的其他模式截 面圖。第8圖爲本發明之柵片之更進一步的其他模式截面 圖，且將柵部加以放大之圖。 201207439 關於第1圖（b)、第1圖（c)及第8圖中之p、W、 Η說明如下。 Ρ爲溝之節距（重複周期）。節距Ρ之端點是溝的側 壁之線與樹脂薄片的表面之線相交叉之點。 W爲柵部之最粗大的部分之寬度。寬度W是畫出柵部 與溝的側壁之境界線（線分），而在相向的兩條境界線之 平行於樹脂薄片表面之方向的間隔中之最長的間隔。以第 8圖具體說明如下。畫出柵部與溝的側壁之境界線（虛線 13、14)，而在面向圖式觀看的左側之境界線（虛線13) 與面向圖式觀看的右側之境界線（虛線1 4 )之間平行於樹 脂薄片表面之方向的間隔中之最長的間隔則爲寬度W。 Η爲柵部之高度。高度Η爲在以平行於樹脂薄片表面 之線而橫穿過柵部的線之中’由最靠近樹脂薄片表面的線 起至由最遠離樹脂薄片表面的線爲止的距離。 柵部之截面形狀是並無特殊限制’可爲例如長方形、 梯形或三角形中任一者。此等之中’較佳爲長方形以提商 來自垂直於柵片表面之方向的全光線透射率。 柵部之最寬寬度w爲O.bm以上且51^以下。若w 爲小於0 · 1 μ m時’則不易在樹脂薄片形成溝。此外’右爲 以遮光爲目的之柵部時’由於朝柵部之寬度方向進來的光 之遮光率則將降低’使得明處對比不充分。此外’若超過 5μηι時’則將導致珊材料之使用量增加、柵片整體之厚度 增加、或使用於顯示器時之影像精確度降低° W之下限較 201207439 佳爲0·5μιη以上，更佳爲Ιμπι以上。w之上限較佳爲4μηι 以下，更佳爲3μιη以下。 爲不致於導致視野角變得極狹窄、且可獲得良好的明 處對比’柵部之最寬寬度W與高度Η之比W/H，則設定爲 〇 · 〇 1以上且0.2以下。若W/H爲小於〇 . 〇 1時，由於視野角 變得極狹窄、或將導致不易形成柵部，因此生產性變差。 若W/Η爲大於0.2時’由於不得不縮小如後所述之開口率 來維持明處對比，因此將會造成全光線透射率降低之問題 。因此，使用於顯示器時，耗電量則因需要維持對收看者 側所放射之輝度而增大。W/Η之下限較佳爲0.05以上，更 佳爲0.1以上。W/Η之上限較佳爲0.15以下，更佳爲2 以下。 柵部之高度Η較佳爲5μηι以上且200μιη以下。若η 爲低於5/im時’則將導致不易在樹脂薄片形成溝，或不易 將W7H設定爲上述範圍。在另—方面，若超過200μηι時， 則將導致柵材料之使用量增加過多、或柵片整體之厚度也 將增厚’因此爲不佳。高度Η之下限更佳爲ΙΟμιη以上。 闻度Η之上限更佳爲ΙΟΟμηι以下。 從對樹脂薄片表面成垂直的方向所觀看之柵片之開口 率爲80%以上。在此所謂的「開口率」是以（p-w)/pxi00之 式所定義之値。在第1圖（b)與第1圖（C)中任一模式 、或在柵部之截面形狀爲約長方形或約三角形的情況，則 開口率也以如上式加以定義。 -10- 201207439 用於構成樹脂薄片之樹脂，只要其爲可藉由加壓即可 成型爲任意形狀之樹脂（在下文中，則稱爲「可加壓成型 之樹脂」）時’則並無特殊限制。從容易施加藉由加壓之 變形的觀點’則可加壓成型之樹脂較佳爲熱塑性樹脂。在 熱塑性樹脂之中’更佳爲非晶性樹脂。由於非晶性樹脂是 透明性優異’適合用作爲使用於顯示器等之光學薄片用樹 脂。此外’非晶性樹脂是在以熔融擠出進行製膜時，則不 需要如結晶性樹脂般因應結晶性降低之驟冷措施，可緩慢 冷卻’特別是可達成厚度精確度優異的薄片之製膜。用於 構成樹脂薄片之樹脂的主成分較佳爲環狀聚烯烴樹脂、聚 碳酸酯樹脂、聚苯乙烯樹脂'丙烯酸酯樹脂、聚氯乙烯樹 脂、聚嫌烴樹脂、非晶性聚醋樹脂。另外，所謂的「樹脂 之主成分」是在構成該樹脂之材料中之佔有最多質量者。 樹脂材料是可使用例如前述樹脂之混合物，也可在不致於 阻礙本發明之功效範圍’因應需要而含有抗靜電劑或改質 劑。在此等之中’環狀聚烯烴樹脂是因其具有優異的透明 性、耐變黃性、透濕性’且尺寸變化爲非常小而爲特佳。 樹脂薄片可爲僅由單層構成之薄片、或從強度保持等 的觀點而爲兩層以上之積層薄片。由兩層以上構成積層薄 片時’只要其爲任一者之最表層是由可供加壓成型的樹脂 所構成即行。而且’其以外之層是只要其爲能保持樹脂薄 片整體之強度者時，則不一定爲可供加壓成型的樹脂。 -11 - 201207439 用於構成供成型的一側之最表層的可供加壓成型的樹 脂之Tg，較佳爲80°C以上。在本發明之Tg是根據ns κ 7 1 2 1 - 1 9 8 7而藉由示差掃描熱量測定計測定所求得中間點 玻璃轉移溫度之値。在使用於顯示器或家電等之柵片的情 況，通常耐久性試驗是僅實施加熱、或在加熱加濕條件下 之試驗。溫度多半採用60至80°C、相對濕度則採用80至 95%之範圍。再者，可供表面之加壓成型，在耐久性試驗 下之溫度、濕度範圍下不致於引起變形也是作爲樹脂薄片 之重要條件。亦即，用於構成供成型的一側之最表層的可 供加壓成型的樹脂之Tg，較佳爲設定爲耐久試驗溫度以上 之溫度的80°C以上。若Tg低於80°C時，則有可能在進行 耐久性試驗時會導致經對薄片表面所賦形的形狀發生變形 、或薄片本身之平面性惡化的情況。Tg較佳爲80至1 80 °C，更佳爲90至160°C。若Tg超過18CTC時，則有時候必 須設定在樹脂薄片之表面形成形狀時，所使用的模具之溫 度爲200 °C以上之高溫狀態，因此造成模具之耐久性降低 、或需要在成型步驟中付出大量能量。 除了熱塑性樹脂以外的樹脂薄片之實例例如：經將會 因紫外線或電子射線等電離放射線而硬化之樹脂、寡聚物 、單體及此等之混合物等，或熱硬化性組成物等之硬化性 樹脂，積層在基材薄片上者。特別是電離放射線硬化組成 物，由於硬化速度快而生產性優異、且對於在進行塡充柵 材料時的塗布組成物及其所使用的溶劑等之耐久性優異， -12- 201207439 因此爲較佳。在樹脂薄片上 上將前述硬化性樹脂以未硬 有對應於溝的凸部之模具推 基材薄片是可使用各種塑膠 聚苯乙烯、聚醯胺、聚醯亞 、聚醚、環氧樹脂等所構成 用、或積層使用兩種以上之 學特性或物理特性、與所積 地考慮選擇。 樹脂薄片較佳爲在形成 爲85%以上，並且較佳爲霧; 85%以上且霧度爲5%以下時 優異的光透射性而獲得畫面 [柵材料] 用於形成柵部之柵材料 解於基質組成物所獲得之塗 於溶劑中所獲得之塗劑。 在經使著色劑分散或溶 ，基質組成物較佳爲使用會 射線而硬化之樹脂、寡聚物 化性組成物等之硬化性樹脂 物，由於其硬化速度快而生 部時之塗布組成物及其所使 因此爲較佳。基質組成物可 形成溝之方法例如在基材薄片 化的狀態進行積層，然後將具 壓後加以硬化之方法。另外， 薄膜，例如由聚酯、聚烯烴、 胺、聚碳酸醋、氟樹脂、聚颯 者。此外，因應需要可混合使 樹脂。基材薄片是從必要的光 層的樹脂之密著性等方面綜合 溝以前的狀態下的光線透射率 芰爲5%以下。若光線透射率爲 ，則在柵部以外之部分可發揮 輝度等爲優異者。 ，可使用經使著色劑分散或溶 劑、或僅使著色劑分散或溶解 解於基質組成物所獲得之塗劑 因紫外線或電子射線等電離放 、單體及此等之混合物、熱硬 °特別是電離放射線硬化組成 產性優異且對於在進行被覆栅 用的溶劑等之耐久性爲優異， 使用已有市售品之多官能丙烯 -13- 201207439 酸系硬化塗料或矽系硬化塗料。此等硬化塗料是可使用三 菱嫘縈股份有限公司（Mitsubishi Rayon Co.，Ltd.)(商品 名「DIABEAM」系列等）、長瀨產業股份有限公司（商品 名「DENACOL」系列等）、新中村化學工業股份有限公司 (Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.)(商品名「NK Ester 」系列等）、大日本油墨化學工業股份有限公司（Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc.)(商品名「UNIDIC」系列等）、 東亞合成化學工業股份有限公司（Toagosei Co·，Ltd.)( 商品名「ARONIX」系列等）、日本油脂股份有限公司（ NOF Corporation)(商品名「Blemmer」系列等）、日本 化藥股份有限公司（NipponKayakuCo.,Ltd.)(商品名「 KAYARAD」系歹IJ等）、共榮社化學股份有限公司（Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd.)(商品名「LIGHT ESTER」系歹U、 「 LIGHT ACRYLATE」系列等）、JSR股份有限公司（JSR Corporation)(商品名「DeSolite」系列）、信越化學工 業股份有限公司（Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.)(商品名 「X-62-765 5」）等之製品。在此等基質組成物中，因應需 要可添加硬化劑或聚合引發劑。 在以遮光之目的而設置栅部的情況，則柵材料較佳爲 以在前述基質組成物混合黑色顏料分散物或溶解黑色染料 所獲得組成物爲主要構成成分，且因應需要而添加前述二 官能以下之丙烯酸酯、聚合引發劑及改質劑所獲得之塗劑 -14- 201207439 黑色顏料分散物是包括碳黑、鈦或鐵等黑色金屬氧化 物之高分子分散物等。若黑色顔料分散物之吸光係數爲約 lx 1 Ο6 ΠΓ1時，相對於100質量份之前述基質組成物而言， 則黑色顏料分散物之含量爲1至300質量份，較佳爲10至 100質量份，更佳爲10至50質量份。若爲少於1質量份 時，則不能顯現遮光功能。若爲多於3 00質量份時，則因 黏度過高而不易將遮光材料對溝塡充得密實。 此外，也可爲調整經使著色劑分散或溶解所獲得基質 組成物之黏度而以一般性有機溶劑進行稀釋。例如可使用 :乙醇、IPA (異丙醇）等醇系，MEK (甲基乙基酮）、丙 酮等酮系，甲苯、二甲苯等芳香族系，醋酸乙酯或醋酸丁 酯等酯系，二氯甲烷或氯仿等氯系之溶劑，且配合所使用 的薄片基材與柵材料之基質組成物而適當地選擇即可。 柵材料使用僅將著色劑分散或溶解於溶劑中者也爲較 佳的模式。將著色劑分散者是包括例如將數量平均粒徑爲 約30至500nm之碳黑分散於各種溶劑所獲得者。將著色劑 溶解者也可使用例如已上市之鋼筆或墨水筆（pen)用的各 種印墨。此時，著色劑之濃度可因應吾所欲透射率而選擇 即可，較佳爲相對於全部塗料而含有1至50質量％，更佳 爲3至2 0質量％。若著色劑之含量爲少於1質量％時，則 有可能導致遮光性能或其他光學特性不足的情況。若含量 超過50質量％時’則有可能造成因塗料之黏度太高而不易 塗布的情況。 -15- 201207439 此外’在使用僅將著色劑分散或溶解於溶劑中者時， 則爲了提高著色劑之分散性或溶解性，也可添加分散劑或 爲溶解所需要之助劑。溶劑是包括：例如乙醇、IPA (異丙 醇）等醇系，MEK (甲基乙基酮）、丙酮等酮系，甲苯、 二甲苯等芳香族系’醋酸乙酯或醋酸丁酯等酯系，二氯甲 烷或氯仿等氯系之溶劑，或也可使用水，且也可兩種以上 之溶劑混合使用。 此外’爲了使著色劑充分地吸附在樹脂薄片之溝表面 ，則也可爲會稍微溶解到供作爲形成溝的基材之樹脂，或 添加一種會溶解到基材樹脂的溶劑也爲較佳的模式》 柵部未必需要完全塡埋樹脂薄片之溝，只要其爲可滿 足W/H爲0.01以上且0.2以下之關係時，則可爲至少塡埋 溝之底部。在對溝塡充柵材料時，若將柵材料比溝容量塡 充多時，從溝溢出之柵材料將會覆蓋樹脂薄片的表面之一 部分，使得本來應爲光透射部之部分的透射率降低。因此 ，較佳爲將柵材料相對於溝容量而往少裡塡充，或塡充溝 容量以上而在塡充後則以適當的方法移除過量的柵材料。 在塡充後移除過量的柵材料的情況，通常是選擇如僅將栅 材料優先洗淨或剝取般之洗淨方法。在比溝容量塡充少一 些柵材料的情況，或也包括在塡充後移除過量的柵材料的 情況在內，在樹脂薄片之溝則有可能在樹脂薄片之表面附 近發生並未爲柵部所塡充的部分的情況》 -16 - 201207439 如以第7圖（b)所圖示，該未爲柵部所塡充的部分之 溝形狀較佳爲在對樹脂薄片之溝的長軸方向成垂直的截面 中是呈以與柵部之境界線爲上底之約梯形。所謂的「上底 」是梯形之平行兩邊中之短的一邊。此外，所謂的「下底 」是梯形之平行兩邊中之長的一邊。所謂的「約梯形」是 意謂即使上底、或連結上底與下底之兩邊是並未呈直線， 但是可視爲與柵部之境界線（第7圖（b)之16)爲上底 、連結樹脂薄片之表面的線（第7圖（b)之17)爲下底 之呈約梯形之形狀。前述之柵片在用作爲顯示器之濾光片 時，多半在樹脂薄片之表面透過黏著材而積層其他功能層 。在柵部之粗細W爲5μιη以下的情況，若未以柵部所塡充 的部分之空間爲長方形、或在樹脂薄片之表面側爲狹窄之 形狀時，則有可能導致黏著材無法完全塡滿該空間、空氣 容易夾帶入而造成光亮耀眼的情況。若該空間之形狀爲與 柵部之境界線作爲上底的約梯形時，則黏著材可容易地將 間隙塡埋得密實而不致於引起畫質惡化，因此爲較佳》 此等在溝之樹脂薄片表面附近有未以柵部所塡充之部 分、並且其部分之形狀爲與柵部之境界線作爲上底的約梯 形之栅片，則可容易地藉由在下文中所說明之本發明之製 造方法而製得。 [柵片之製造方法] 本發明之柵片之製造方法是包括三步驟： (Α)在一側的面成型具有許多平行溝之樹脂薄片之步 驟； -17- 201207439 (B) 將柵材料塡充成至少埋入於溝之底部之步驟； (C) 將樹脂薄片朝薄片之厚度方向加壓以使溝之寬度 變狹窄之步驟。只要爲先實施步驟（A)時，則步驟（b) 與步驟（C)可爲先進行任—者。在第2圖展示步驟（a) 之一模式、在第4圖展示步驟（B)與步驟（C)之一模式 。在第4圖雖然在步驟（b)後實施步驟（C)，當然也可 爲與其相反之次序。關於第2圖與第4圖則容後詳細說明 〇 根據此製造方法即可製得柵部之寬度爲狹窄之柵片。 並且，可容易地製得柵部之最寬寬度W爲0.1 μιη以上且 5 μιη以下、開口率爲80%以上、且w與柵部之高度Η之比 W/H爲0.01以上且0.2以下之柵片。 在步驟（Β)前而先實施步驟（C)的情況，若欲獲得 適當的柵部形狀時，則需要在步驟（C )進行加壓樹脂薄片 使得溝變形的過程之中途即停下來，並嚴格調整加壓步驟 之溫度、壓力、時間等，使得樹脂薄片面內之溫度或壓力 分布梯度極力減少。雖然視所使用的樹脂薄片之材料或栅 材料之組合而定，若優先實施步驟（Β)之塡充柵材料之步 驟時，藉此則可設定寬大的爲獲得相同的形狀所需要的步 騾（C )之加壓步驟條件之範圍。 相反地’在步驟（C)前而先實施步驟（Β)的情況， 在進行步驟（C)之加壓時，由於有可能受到已塡充的柵材 料之影響，可供使用的柵材料則有可能受限的情況。在步 -18- 201207439 驟（B )前而先實施步驟（C )的情況，因爲無此等限制而 可適用更多種材料作爲栅材料來使用。因此，究竟應在步 驟（B)與步驟（C)中以何者爲優先，則應從欲製造之柵 片之特性等而綜合地判斷即可。 其次’關於步騾（A)、步驟（B)及步驟（C)分別 詳加說明如下。 [步驟（A )] 首先’關於步驟（A)使用第2圖說明如下。第2圖爲 從樹脂薄片之側面觀看，將表面具有凸部之圖案模具5加 壓於樹脂薄片6，以在樹脂薄片上形成對應於凸部形狀的 形狀之溝之步驟圖。圖案模具5之凸部形狀是呈將欲對樹 脂薄片形成之溝形狀加以反轉所獲得之形狀。 圖案模具5及樹脂薄片6是配置成以溫調板21、22所 挾住的狀態。溫調板2 1、22在其內部配備有加熱器等之加 熱源及冷媒流路等之冷卻源而可加熱冷卻成任意溫度。此 外，溫調板21、22是被安裝於未圖示的加壓裝置而可以吾 所欲壓力朝薄片之厚度方向加壓圖案模具5及樹脂薄片6 〇 最初則加熱溫調板2 1、22，使得圖案模具5及預先所 裝設的樹脂薄片6升溫至特定溫度。並控制溫度使得圖案 模具及樹脂薄片6之溫度成爲用於構成樹脂薄片6的樹脂 之玻璃轉移溫度Tg以上且Tg + 60°C以下之溫度範圍內（第 2圖（a))。控制爲上述溫度範圍之理由爲：若在低於Tg -19- 201207439 之溫度時，則成型性不佳，若在高於Tg +60 °c之溫度時， 則薄膜之彈性模數過低，以致無法維持薄片應具備的平面 性。 其次，以吾所欲壓力加壓樹脂薄片6與圖案模具5。 壓力範圍較佳爲可控制在O.IMPa至20MPa之範圍，更佳 爲可控制在1至10MP a之範圍。此外，也可在薄片與溫調 板之間、或模具與溫調板之間隔著具有緩衝性之彈性體或 緩衝材，以使得壓力可均勻地施加在成型區域。 其次，在仍舊施加壓力的狀態下保持成型樹脂所必要 的時間後，在仍舊保持著壓力的狀態下冷卻溫調板，使得 薄片之溫度降低。 其次，薄片之溫度經降溫至構成薄片的樹脂之玻璃轉 移溫度Tg以下後，開放加壓壓力，並將透鏡片從模具脫模 (第 2 圖（d))。 薄片對於模具表面之裝設及從模具之脫模，可因應例 如連續狀或逐片狀之製品形態或成型面積等而適當地採用 最佳的裝置設備。此外，只要其爲屬於藉由將樹脂加熱軟 化而擠壓模具來轉印吾所欲圖案形狀，其後則將樹脂加以 冷卻固化之製程時，則並不受限於上述方法及構成。 此外，對於薄片表面之圖案成型方法，除了如第2圖 所示使用平板狀模具而間歇地成型之方法（間歇成型法） 以外，也可爲使用在表面形成具有圖案之輥狀模具或無端 皮帶狀模具而以連續性成型者（連續成型法）。在間歇成 -20- 201207439 型法的情況，由於可長時間保持壓力，在可形成微細且爲 高縱橫比之圖案上則爲優異。在連續成型法的情況，其圖 案形狀精度則比間歇成型法爲差，但是就生產性而言，則 比間歇成型法爲優異》 關於在步驟（A )所使用的模具之製作方法說明如下。 首先，在模具材料之賦形面側使用具有與吾所欲截面凹形 狀相同的形狀之加工車刀，且以可實行三維加工之超精密 加工機進行切削加工，藉此可對賦形面賦予凸形狀截面。 超精密加工機已知有例如：龍門刨床（planer )(牛頭刨床 (shaper))方式、翼形刀削（fly cut)方式、端銑（end mill )方式、車床加工方式等各種方式者。其中，較佳爲使用 最高精確度之龍門刨床（牛頭刨床）方式、及翼形刀削方 式。 具有溝之樹脂薄片之成型方法，除了將模具擠壓於樹 脂薄片之方法以外，一種藉由擠出成型之方法也爲可行之 方法。該方法是將薄片之樹脂加以熔融擠出後，緊接著將 其推壓於具有經將所欲轉印之圖案加以反轉所獲得形狀之 轉印輥而成型之方法。該方法由於在樹脂溫度仍爲高的狀 態下即脫模，以致有圖案形狀精確度較上述方法爲低之缺 點，但是卻有因可同時進行製膜步驟與成型步驟而生產性 爲高之優點。 -21 · 201207439 [步驟（B )] 其次’關於步驟（B)使用第3圖說明如下。柵材料之 @ % @佳爲以長片狀薄片的狀態下連續進行。此外，重要 %胃料在不致於夾帶入空氣下塡埋於在樹脂薄片所 开多成β溝Φ 若在溝內有氣泡等空氣層存在時，則將構成 霧度上升或外觀不良之原因。該問題，經對溝的長軸方向 ¥ίτί也 '塗布柵材料，藉此即可解決。塗布方法是只要其爲 可在溝塡充柵材料時，則並無特殊限制者，但是較佳爲微 Η版輪轉法 '棒式塗布法。將柵材料預先稀釋於溶劑後， 以如第3圖（a )所示般進行塗布。溶劑是使用不致於與柵 材料·分離而可均勻地分散者。稀釋率是因應溝之深度而適 當地決定即可。此外，在步驟（B ).後實施步驟（C )的情 & ’ SU因應欲藉由步驟（c)之加壓步驟來成型的栅部之尺 4而適當地決定稀釋率即可。塗布後的樹脂薄片之截面圖 如第3圖（b)所示。其次，藉由進行柵材料之乾燥，如第 3圖（c)所示即可將柵材料僅塡充於溝部。若根據本發明 tBU述方法塡充柵材料時，則不僅是可省略在製造柵片時 所慣用之經塡充柵材料後刮除無用的材料之步驟，也可減 少刮傷或污染而提高品質。 [步驟（C )] 接著’關於步驟（C )使用第4圖說明如下。第4圖爲 從樹脂薄片之側面觀看將模具12推壓於經在溝中塡充柵 材料之樹脂薄片’使得溝之寬度變形爲細小之步驟圖。 -22- 201207439 樹脂薄片及模具是配置成爲溫調板23、24所挾著的狀 態。溫調板23、24是在內部配備有加熱器等之加熱源及冷 媒流路等之冷卻源’且可加熱冷卻成任意溫度。此外’溫 調板23、24是安裝在未圖示之加壓裝置’可朝薄片之厚度 方向以吾所欲壓力推壓模具及樹脂薄片。 最初加熱溫調板2 3、2 4，使得模具1 2及預先所裝設 的經塡充柵材料之樹脂薄片11升溫至特定溫度。並且’控 制模具1 2及樹脂薄片1 1之溫度爲在構成薄片的樹脂之玻 璃轉移溫度Tg-l〇°C以上且Tg + 50°C以下之溫度範圍內（第 4圖（a))。若爲低於Tg-10°C之溫度時，樹脂薄片之溝 與溝間之部分（在下文中，則稱爲「樹脂薄片之凸部」） 則不易變形。若爲高於Tg+50°C之溫度時，則有可能導致 凸部之變形過大、溝倒塌、溝消失的情況，更佳爲在Tg + 20 °C以下之溫度範圍內進行溫度控制。 其次，以吾所欲壓力加壓樹脂薄片1 1與模具1 2。樹 脂薄片之凸部則因受到外力而一邊寬度變粗，一邊朝樹脂 薄片厚度方向被壓縮。其結果’凸部與凸部之間的溝之寬 度則變形爲細小。壓力範圍較佳爲可控制在0.1 Μ P a至 2〇MPa之範圍’更佳爲IMPa至l〇MPa之範圍。此外，也 可在薄片與溫調板之間、或模具與溫調板之間隔著具有緩 衝性之彈性體或緩衝材’以使得壓力可均勻地施加在成型 區域。 -23- 201207439 其次，在仍舊施加壓力的狀態下保持凸部之變形所必 要的時間後，在仍舊保持著壓力的狀態下冷卻溫調板’使 得樹脂薄片1 1之溫度降低。 其次，樹脂薄片之溫度經降溫至構成樹脂薄片之樹脂 的玻璃轉移溫度Tg以下後，開放加壓壓力、將樹脂薄片 11從模具脫模（第4圖（d))。 樹脂薄片對於模具表面之裝設及從模具之脫模，可因 應例如連續狀或逐片狀之製品形態或成型面積等而適當地 採用最佳的裝置設備即可。此外，只要其爲屬於藉由將樹 脂加熱軟化而擠壓模具使凸部變形之製程時，則並不受限 於上述方法。 此外，除了如上所說明之間歇成型法以外，也可採用 連續成型法。在間歇成型法的情況，由於可長時間保持壓 力’因此適合於樹脂薄片凸部之變形量爲大的情況。在連 續成型法的情況，則變形量比間歇成型法爲小，但是生產 性卻爲優異。 此外’在步驟（B)後實施步驟（C )的情況，關於變 形之條件較佳爲柵材料之彈性模數是低於樹脂薄片材料之 彈性模數的狀態’以使得樹脂薄片凸部之變形不致因塡充 在溝內部的柵材料而受到阻礙。在柵材料之彈性模數是高 於樹脂薄片材料的情況，則有可能阻礙溝形狀之變形的情 況。 -24- 201207439 此外，變形前之溝形狀較佳爲設計成最適的形狀以利 變形後能獲得吾所欲之形狀。特別是隨著往溝底而使得側 壁間隔變得狹窄之形狀，在經變形後能獲得一定的溝之寬 度形狀上則爲較佳。並且，較佳爲設定溝底爲平坦，且各 處之側壁間隔爲變形後所欲獲得側壁間隔以上之長度。若 初期之側壁間隔爲太狹窄時，則在加壓時有凹部將消失的 情況。此外’上述預先將變形前之溝形狀製成爲溝之寬度 是以樹脂薄片之表面側爲較寬之形狀，藉此可容易地將變 形後未以柵部所塡充的部分之溝形狀製成爲以與柵部之境 界線爲上底之約梯形》 [其他之步驟] 更進一步在步驟（B)及（C)結束後，如第4圖（e )、（f)所示，以表面平坦之模具或表面平滑之輥，再度 朝厚度方向加壓樹脂薄片，使得樹脂薄片1 1之表面平坦化 。若樹脂薄片之表面爲平坦時，則光對柵片容易入射，可 消除光朝預期外的方向散射而引起畫像惡化之問題。其結 果’全光線透射率上升、霧度變小，因此爲較佳。加壓之 條件，只要其爲不致於導致柵材料變形且以宛如將樹脂薄 片凸部加以平坦化的狀態而使得樹脂變形之條件即可。 若欲能一邊抑制栅材料變形，一邊僅將樹脂薄片的表 面加以平坦化，則柵材料必須在加壓時比構成樹脂薄片之 樹脂爲不易變形。因此，較佳爲控制加壓時的模具及樹脂 薄片之溫度爲高於構成樹脂薄片之樹脂的玻璃轉移溫度， -25- 201207439 且爲柵材料之彈性模數降低不顯著之範圍。例如在 (d )以加壓使得凸部變形後，藉由UV (紫外線） 而使得柵材料硬化，其後加以平坦化即可。 加壓條件如下。例如，溫度控制樹脂薄片及模 度爲構成樹脂薄片之樹脂的玻璃轉移溫度Tg以上月 °C以下之溫度範圍內。若爲低於Tg之溫度時，則樹 之凸部不易變形。若爲高於Tg + 60°c之溫度時，貝IJ 導致經塡充柵材料之溝倒塌的情況。此外，壓力範 爲可在0.1 MPa至20MPa之範圍進行控制，更佳爲 至lOMPa之範圍。此外，也可在薄片與溫調板之丨 具與溫調板之間隔著具有緩衝性之彈性體或緩衝：! 得壓力可均勻地施加在成型區域。保持樹脂薄片； 爲平坦所必要的時間、壓力後，則開放壓力、將才 從模具脫模。在從模具脫模時，較佳爲將模具及ί 之溫度冷卻至低於Tg之溫度，以抑制樹脂薄片表Ϊ 性或樹脂薄片表面變粗。 此外，在進行樹脂薄片表面之平滑化時，爲_ 能順利地變形或流動，較佳爲設定樹脂薄片表面丨 此面的加壓構件之摩擦係數爲小。例如以含有高ί 氟樹脂或聚醯亞胺樹脂的薄膜來構成加壓構件之彳 表面接觸部、或將類鑽碳（diamond-like carbon 摩擦材料成膜於加壓構件之表面。 之 面 7 與 撞 第4圖 照射等 具之溫 .Tg+60 脂薄片 有可能 圍較佳 生 1 MPa 、或模 ，以使 表面成 脂薄片 脂薄片 之黏著 使樹脂 接觸於 熱性之 脂薄片 等之低 -26- 201207439 此外，若樹脂薄片表面未能以一次之加壓而充分地獲 得平坦化時，則可分成許多次進行加壓處理。 爲了將樹脂薄片之表面獲得平坦化，也可積層其他層 。例如透過黏著層而積層之方法、或藉由將塗料加以塗布 •乾燥•硬化而獲得平坦化。此外，也可藉由塗布如僅能 將樹脂薄片加以溶解或膨潤之溶劑（實質上不溶解柵材料 )後加以乾燥而實施表面之平坦化。在此情形下，則可使 用含有前述用於溶解或膨潤之溶劑的混合溶劑。 若欲以一般方法形成如第1圖（c )所示樹脂薄片表面 附近之寬度是比底部爲狹窄的溝時，則不易獲得良好的模 具之加工精確度，或在樹脂薄片上進行轉印形狀時，則不 易拉出模具。然而，若根據本發明之栅片之製造方法，當 亦可製得如此等之形狀。具體而言，在步驟（C)進行加壓 時，藉由對樹脂薄片在其厚度方向設定愈靠近樹脂薄片表 面側則溫度愈高之溫度分布梯度，使得表面側之樹脂薄片 之黏度降低而容易變形，即可製得如此之形狀的溝。 《實施例》 在下文中’則就各實施例•比較例之測定方法及評估 方法加以說明。測定是除非另有說明以外，則在室溫2 3 °C 、相對濕度65%之條件下進行。 A-Tg測定 根據JIS K 7 1 2 1 - 1 9 8 7之準則，並使用示差掃描熱量測 定進行測定。在鋁製受皿塡充5毫克之組成物或薄膜試料 -27- 201207439 。將試料從常溫以20t /分鐘之升溫速度加熱至30〇t 融5分鐘。接著，以液態氮加以驟冷、再度從常溫以 /分鐘之升溫速度加熱至3 00°C，而在第二次升溫時則 玻璃轉移溫度（中間點玻璃轉移溫度），並以此作爲 示差掃描熱量測定是使用SEICO電子工業股份有限公 Seico Electronics Industrial Co.，Ltd.)製造之 Robot 「RDSC220」。數據解析裝置則使用該公司製造之 Station「S SC/5 200」。 B.截面觀察 將柵片以對溝的長軸方向成垂直的面而切斷。使 片切片機且以3°切片刀傾斜角度而切出柵片之截面。 面蒸鍍白金-鈀。將該截面使用掃描型電子顯微鏡且調 10至5 000倍，使得在視野內出現5個以上之柵部而 照片。然後，由截面照片測定溝與柵部之各尺寸。若 在切斷時發生崩塌時，則預先將柵片整體浸漬於液態 而使其凍結後進行切斷、或以其他樹脂包埋後進行切 方法來防止形狀崩塌。薄片切片機是使用切片機硏究 份有限公司製造之旋轉式薄片切片機。掃描型電子顯 是使用日立製作所股份有限公司（Hitachi，Ltd.)製造 描型電子顯微鏡S-2100A。 [P溝之節距] 對截面照片進行測長以測定出溝之節距之尺寸。 所謂的「節距」爲溝之重複周期。節距之端點爲溝的 並熔 2 〇r 測定 Tg。 司（ DSC Disc 用薄 在截 整成 攝取 形狀 氮中 斷等 所股 微鏡 之掃 在此 側壁 -28- 201207439 之線與樹脂薄片的表面之線所交叉之點。對隨機由一張截 面照片中所選出之10處、或隨機由許多張截面照片內所選 出之合計1 0處進行該測定，然後以其平均値作爲溝之節距 p 〇 [H柵部之高度] 選出截面照片中之任意柵部而進行柵部之高度的尺寸 測定。在此所謂的「高度」是意謂在以平行於樹脂薄片表 面之線而橫穿過柵部的線之中，由最靠近樹脂薄片表面之 線起至由樹脂薄片表面最遠離之線爲止的距離。對由一張 截面照片中所隨機選出之10處、或由許多張截面照片中所 隨機選出之合計1 0處進行該測定，然後以其平均値作爲溝 之柵部高度Η。 [W柵部之最寬寬度] 選出截面照片中之任意柵部而進行柵部之最粗部分的 寬度之尺寸測定。在此所謂的「寬度」是意謂畫出柵部與 溝的側壁之境界線（線分），而在相向的兩條境界線之平 行於樹脂薄片表面之方向的間隔中之最長的間隔。對由一 張截面照片中所隨機選出之10處、或由許多張截面照片中 所隨機選出之合計1 〇處進行該測定，然後以其平均値作爲 溝之柵部之最寬寬度W。 [W/H柵部之最寬寬度與柵部之高度之比] 選出截面照片中之任意柵部而測定柵部之高度與最粗 之寬度，然後計算出（寬度/高度）之比。對由一張截面照 -29- 201207439 片中所隨機選出之1 〇處、或由許多張截面照片中所隨機選 出之合計1 0處進行該測定，然後以其平均値作爲比W/H 〇 [樹脂薄片之溝的未塡充部分的形狀之判定] 選出截面照片中之任意柵部而對經塡充柵材料之溝進 行未以柵材料所塡充之部分的形狀是否爲以柵部之境界線 作爲上底的呈約梯形之判定。此時，若未塡充的部分之高 度爲0. 1 M m以上、且柵部之境界線的長度比開口部上端之 寬度爲短時，即使上底、或連結上底與下底之兩邊未成爲 直線，但是與栅部之境界線（第7圖（b )之1 6 )卻可視 爲上底、連結樹脂薄片之表面的線（第7圖（b )之1 7 ) 可視爲下底之呈梯形之形狀時，則視爲約梯形。對由一張 截面照片中所隨機選出之10處、或由許多張截面照片中所 隨機選出之合計10處進行判定，其中若有8處以上具有約 梯形形狀時，則判定爲樹脂薄片之溝的未塡充之部分的形 狀是呈約梯形形狀。 C .溝形成前之樹脂薄片的光線透射率、霧度 霧度是根據ISO 14782: 1999之準則而使用霧度計進 行測定。光線透射率是藉由從前述霧度測定所求得全光線 透射率與擴散透射率之値所計算出（全光線透射率-擴散 透射率）之値所測得。測定是將樹脂薄片切出成8 0毫米見 方，並以將試料擺放成任意邊爲水平方向的狀態來進行。 此外，將試料翻過來而測定來自與前述者爲相反的面之光 -30- 201207439 線透射率、霧度。由一試料取樣3處而各測定一次，並以 合計6個數據之平均値作爲光線透射率及霧度。霧度計是 使用曰本電色工業股份有限公司（Nippon Denshoku Industries Co·，Ltd·)製造之霧度計 NDH 2000。 D. 全光線透射率、霧度 全光線透射率是根據ISO 13468-1: 1996之準則、霧 度是根據ISO 1 47 8 2 : 1 999之準則而使用霧度計進行測定 。將柵片切出成80毫米見方，並將此在裝置裝設成使得光 由未形成溝的一側之面而入射，且使得溝的長軸方向成爲 上下方向。由一試料取樣3處試樣並各測定一次，而以三 次平均値作爲全光線透射率及霧度。霧度計是使用日本電 色工業股份有限公司製造之霧度計NDH2 000。 E. 視野角特性 使用變角光度計進行栅片之出射強度分布測定。將柵 片切出成8 0毫米角’並將此在試料台裝設成使得光由未形 成溝的一側之面入射，且使得溝的長軸方向成爲上下方向 。將裝置之光源與受光部加以固定而以對試料面之入射角 爲-90°至+90°之範圍且以每5°進行測定。變角光度計是使用 村上色彩技術硏究所股份有限公司（Murakami Color Research Laboratory Co.，Ltd.)製造之變角光度計 gP-200 。測定條件如下所示： •光源：1 2 V 5 0 W之鹵素燈 •光源側濾光片：將平均透射率爲1 %及1 0%之光量調 整濾光片重疊使用 -31 - 201207439 •光束光圈：設定爲ι(φΚ 4毫米） •受光光圈：設定爲6(Φ約13毫米） •試料台：附有反射透射用俯仰調整裝置之標準試料 台 •測定模式：透射 •假設入射角度爲0。時的光之感度爲100。 評估是藉由調查相對於出射光之感度成爲波峰之値變 成爲50%的入射角度來實施，且記錄對波峰位於-側與位於 +側之角度的寬度値。例如在感度最高的入射角爲〇°且在〇 °入射時之感度爲100時，若出射光之感度達到50的角度 爲-30°及+30°時，則記錄爲60°。 [實施例1] 準備環狀聚烯烴系樹脂（TOPAS 6013、Tg 136°C、 Polyplastics 公司（Polyplastics Co.，Ltd.)製造）作爲用 於構成樹脂薄片之樹脂。將此等在1 20°C乾燥6小時後， 在2 6 0 °C之溫度下加以熔融。接著將經由熔融擠出模具所 擠出之樹脂以薄片狀擠出於保持在100°C之金屬筒。並設 定金屬筒之速度爲25公尺/分鐘而加以捲取，以獲得樹脂 薄片1。該樹脂薄片1之光線透射率爲91%、霧度爲0.4% 〇 其次’將下列模具1與樹脂薄片1在17 5 °c加熱1分 鐘，並一邊維持175°C，一邊以2MPa之壓力將模具1與樹 脂薄片1壓著30秒鐘。接著冷卻至70 °C後，將樹脂薄片1 -32- 201207439 從模具脫模。藉此可獲得在樹脂薄片 將模具1之形狀加以反轉所獲得之圖 片1 (步驟（A ))。 (模具1 ) •面內圖案：條紋狀 •凸部之截面形狀：等腰梯形（ •凸部之高度：65μιη •凸部之寬度·（上部）7μιη、 •凸部之節距：35μιη •尺寸：100毫米Χ100毫米（圖 其次，將附有溝之樹脂薄片1以 所示方法（但是未塡充柵材料）加壓 薄片2。加壓時之加壓板溫度爲135。( 、壓力保持時間爲30秒鐘（步驟（c 其次’在1〇〇質量份之氯化聚烯: )EH-801東洋化成公司（T〇yo Kasei 體成分濃度爲3〇%)，添加20質量份 ’並加以攪拌以製得柵材料1。 在附有溝之樹脂薄片2使用無溝 布柵材料1 ’並在110。(：乾燥1分鐘。 線棒以棒式塗布法塗布柵材料1，並宅 步驟（B ))。 1之單面形成具有經 案的附有溝之樹脂薄 isosceles trapezoid ) (底部）1 3 μ m 案區域）。 第4圖（〇至（d) 而獲得附有溝之樹脂 〕、加壓壓力爲2MPa ))= 徑塗料（Hardlene(R Co.，Ltd.)製造、固 之碳黑作爲黑色材料 線棒以棒式塗布法塗 並且，再度使用無溝 E 1 l〇°C乾燥1分鐘（ -33- 201207439 在表1展示各部份之尺寸、全光線透射率、視野角之 結果。其W/H= 0.167、開口率爲86。/。、全光線透射率爲83% 、霧度爲5%、視野角爲65°。 [實施例2] 以與實施例1相同的方法獲得附有溝之樹脂薄片1 ( 步驟（A))。 其次’在100質量份之矽系樹脂（X-62-7655、信越化 學工業股份有限公司製造）添加1質量份之硬化劑（ CAT-7605、信越化學工業股份有限公司製造）、100質量 份之作爲黑色材料的碳黑，並加以攪拌。其次，以MEK( 甲基乙基酮）稀釋成固體成分濃度爲20 %以製造栅材料2 〇 在附有溝之薄片1使用無溝線棒以棒式塗布法塗布柵 材料，並在90°C乾燥1分鐘（步驟（B))。其次，以超 高壓水銀燈照射1 J/m2使得柵材料1硬化。其次，以第4 圖（a)至（d)所示方法且在加壓板溫度爲13〇艺、加壓 壓力爲1 .5MPa、壓力保持時間爲1分鐘下加壓以獲得柵片 2 (步驟（C ))。 在表1展示各部份之尺寸、全光線透射率、視野角之 結果。其W/H= 0.1、開口率爲86%、全光線透射率爲8〇% 、霧度爲10%、視野角爲40。。 -34- 201207439 [實施例3 ] 除了藉由超高壓水銀燈照射的柵材料丨之硬化改爲在 步驟（C )後實施以外’其餘則以與實施例2相同的方式製 造試料以獲得柵片3。 在第5圖展示所獲得之柵片之截面照片、在表1展示 各部份之尺寸、全光線透射率、視野角之結果。其W/H = 0.125、開口率爲86%、全光線透射率爲85%、霧度爲5% 、視野角爲6 5 °。 [實施例4 ] 將下述模具2與厚度爲1毫米之丙烯酸酯樹脂薄片2 (DelagUs A999、旭化成工業股份有限公司（Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation)製造、光線透射率爲92%、霧度爲 〇 . 1 % )在1 4 5 °C加熱1分鐘，並一邊維持1 4 5 °C，~邊以 5 MPa之壓力將模具2與樹脂薄片2壓著30秒鐘。接著， 冷卻至70°C後。將樹脂薄片2從模具脫模。藉此可獲得在 樹脂薄片2之單面形成具有經將模具2之形狀加以反轉所 獲得之圖案的附有溝之樹脂薄片2(步驟（A))。 (模具2 ) •凸部之截面形狀：等腰梯形 •凸部之高度：80μηι •凸部之寬度：（上部）7μπι、（底部）13μχη •凸部之節距：35μιη •尺寸：100毫米xlOO毫米（圖案區域）。 -35- 201207439 其次，在100質量份之胺基甲酸酯樹脂塗料（VYLON (R ) UR- 8 3 00、東洋紡績股份有限公司（Toyobo Co., Ltd. )製造）添加30質量份之作爲黑色材料之碳黑，並加以攪 拌。其次，以醋酸乙酯稀釋成固體成分濃度爲20%以製造 柵材料4。 在附有溝之樹脂薄片2使用無溝線棒以棒式塗布法塗 布柵材料4，並在90 °C乾燥1分鐘（步驟（B))。其次， 以第4圖（a)至（d)所示方法在加壓板溫度爲1351、 加壓壓力爲1.5MPa、壓力保持時間爲1分鐘下進行加壓， 以獲得柵片4 (步驟（C ))。 在表1展示各部份之尺寸、全光線透射率、視野角之 結果。其W/H= 0.089、開口率爲89%、全光線透射率爲85% 、霧度爲7%、視野角爲60°。 [實施例5] 以與實施例4相同的方法獲得附有溝之樹脂薄片2 ( 步驟（A ))。 其次，使用無溝線棒以棒式塗布法塗布黑印墨（印墨 爲證券用（產品序號·· INK-30-DO) 'PILOT公司（PILOT Corporation)製造），並在90 °C乾燥1分鐘（步驟（B) )。其次，以第4圖（a)至（d)所示方法在加壓板溫度 爲135°C、加壓壓力爲1.5MPa、壓力保持時間爲1分鐘下 進行加壓，以獲得柵片5 (步驟（C ))。 -36- 201207439 在表1展示各部份之尺寸、全光線透射率、視 結果。其W/H= 〇.〇67、開口率爲91%，全光線透射率 、霧度爲5 %、視野角爲6 5。。 [比較例1 ] 使用如第6圖所示製造裝置進行製造。將100 之紫外線硬化性組成物（DeSoliteZ7528、JSR股份 司製造）加溫至70°C以使其低黏度化，一邊以混合 ’一邊緩慢地添加1 0質量份之碳黑而加以分散，以 色塗料並以此作爲柵材料。將柵材料由供應裝置32 朝箭頭方向旋轉的附有下列溝之模具輥（模具3 )： 充於模具輥30之溝。供應至附有溝之模具輥30之 柵材料則以刮刀3 3刮除。其次，將連續移動之 ΙΟΟμιη之PET薄膜34(LumirrorU34、東麗股份有 (Toray Industries, Inc.)製造、光線透射率爲 91。/ 爲0.9%)藉由軋輥35而使其密著於附有溝之模具 在PET薄膜34密著於附有溝之模具輥30的狀態7 外線照射裝置3 6照射1 J / m2之紫外線，使得經塡 有溝之模具輥3 0之溝的樹脂硬化。其次，以返回| 附有溝之模具輥30剝離PET薄膜34而形成柵部。 對位於經形成柵部的面側之鏡面輥3 8 ,由樹脂供 4 0供應紫外線硬化性組成物（D e S ο 1 i t e Z 7 5 2 8、 份有限公司製造）而在兩鏡面輕38、39之間滾 薄膜3 4 ’使得柵部間之空間獲得塡埋。其後， 野角之 爲8 7% 質量份 有限公 機攪拌 製得黑 供應至 5〇而塡 過量的 厚度爲 限公司 >、霧度 輕3 0。 「，以紫 充於附 昆37由 接著， 應裝置 JSR股 壓 PET 以紫外 -37- 201207439 線照射裝置41照射1 J / m 2之紫外線，然後以捲取輥4 2捲 取以獲得柵片3。在表1展示各部份之尺寸、全光線透射 率、視野角之結果。其W/H=0.182、開口率爲75%、全光 線透射率爲7 6 %、霧度爲1 4 %、視野角爲6 〇。。 (模具3 ) •溝之截面形狀：等腰梯形 •溝之深度：1 1 〇 μ m •溝之寬度：（底部）8μηι、（上部）20μηι •溝之節距：80μιη •尺寸：100毫米xlOO毫米（圖案區域）。 [比較例2 ] 除了取代附有溝之模具輥（模具3 )而使用具有經將 模具1之截面形狀加以反轉所獲得截面形狀之附有溝之模 具輥（模具4 )以外，其餘則以與比較例1相同的方式以 獲得柵片4。在表1展示各部份之尺寸、全光線透射率、 視野角之結果。其W/H =0.200、開口率爲63%、全光線透 射率爲7 5 %、霧度爲1 8 %、視野角爲5 5 ° 。 [比較例3 ] 雖然欲製造具有與柵片3之溝相同的形狀的凸部之模 具4，但是在進行切削模具時’則因凸部倒塌而無法製造 模具。 (模具4之設計形狀） •凸部之截面形狀：等腰梯形 -38- 201207439 •凸部之高度：4〇Mm •凸部之寬度··（上部）3μπι' (底部）5μχη •凸部之節距：35μιη •尺寸：100毫米χίοο毫米（圖案區域）。 由各實施例之結果即得知，本發明之柵片雖然與比較 例之柵片保持同等之視野角，但是正面方向之全光線透射 率卻爲高、且霧度又少。亦即，其係一種使用於顯示器時 ，則爲輝度損失以及畫質惡化爲少之柵片。此外，亦得知 若根據本發明之柵片之製造方法，則可容易地製造極其細 小的柵部。 此外，不論步驟（Β )與步驟（C )之順序如何，皆可 製造本發明之柵片（實施例1、2、3)。此外，在先進行 步驟（Β )的情況，將栅材料之硬化在步驟（C )後實施時 ’則可獲得全光線透射率更高、霧度更少之柵片（根據實 施例2與實施例3之比較）。 另外’又可知柵材料不僅是在樹脂與顏料之混合物的 情況’在僅爲顏料、染料任一者的情況，也可製造柵片。 (實施例4 ' 5 ) lit外’又得知栅片之未以溝之柵材料所塡充之部分的 0 Μ爲以與柵部之境界線作爲上底的約梯形者（實施例1 ' 3 ' 4 ' 5 } ’若與其他實施例及比較例相比較，則全光線 透射率爲高、霧度爲少。 -39- 201207439 I撇 實施例5 等腰梯形 m g 卜 ΡΜΜΑ 熱塑性樹脂 起 mm 染料 以步驟（B)爲先 jrj ΓΟ 0.067 Os ss Ό 約梯形 實施例4 等腰梯形 CO § 卜 m ΡΜΜΑ 熱塑性樹脂 無樹脂 (僅有顏料） 顏料 以步驟（B)爲先 1 iTi m jn 寸 0.089 as 〇〇 00 S 約梯形 實施例3 等腰梯形 m v〇 F-H TOPAS 熱塑性樹脂 紫外線硬化性 樹脂 顏料 以步驟（B)爲先 步驟（C)之後 Vi m o 0.125 VO 00 00 ν〇 約梯形 實施例2 等腰梯形 m v£> 卜 TOPAS 熱塑性樹脂 紫外線硬化性 樹脂 顏料 以步驟（B)爲先 步驟（C)之前 ^T) m ο VO oo g ο Ο 約三角形 實施例1 等腰梯形 in m Ό m TOPAS 熱塑性樹脂 ip lim ii 顏料 以步驟（C)爲先 1 *Ti U-i 0.167 v〇 00 00 们 ν〇 約梯形 凸部之截面形狀 凸部之節距（μπ〇 凸部之高度（μπΟ 凸部之寬度（上部）（μπΟ 凸部之寬度（底部）（μπ〇 樹脂薄片之材料 栅材料 遮光成分類型 步驟（B)與步驟（C)之順序 紫外線硬化之時序 p (μιη) Η (μιη) W (μιη) W/H 開口率（％) 全光線透射率（％) 霧度（％) 視野角（deg) Φ N 寒·Ν 3雔 IS 備註 1麵 1 imM-棚7Τ — 0寸— s 201207439 CN嗽 比較例3 等腰梯形 | ο in 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 不能製造模具 比較例2 等腰梯形 m νο 卜 m 紫外線硬化性樹脂 紫外線硬化性樹脂 顏料 無步驟（C) iTi V) VO F"H ΓΝΪ ο νο JQ οο 摧 比較例1 等腰梯形 g ο Η 00 紫外線硬化性樹脂 紫外線硬化性樹脂 顏料 無步驟（C) 1 g ο Ψ Η 0,182 ν〇 寸 s 摧 溝的截面形狀/凸部之截面形狀 溝的節距/凸部之節距（μπι) 溝的深度/凸部之高度（μιη) 溝的寬度(底部)/凸部之寬度（上部）（μιη) 溝的寬度(上部)/凸部之寬度（底部）（μιη) 樹脂薄片之材料 柵材料 遮光成分種類 步驟（B)與步驟（C)之順序 紫外線硬化之時序 Ρ (μπι) Η (μιη) W ( μιη) W/H 開口率（％) 全光線透射率（％) 霧度（％) 視野角（deg) 未以栅材料所塡充的部分之溝形狀 備註 nr 1 Ί天只 形狀 柵片 。芨辁N雜绘賊_-N(N匡鎰汜，一冕鎰qq 201207439 [產業上之利用可能性] 本發明在顯示器或螢幕之視野角控制薄片、擴散控制 薄片、對比改善薄片等之柵片、及栅片之製造技術上是有 用。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖（a)〜（C)爲本發明之柵片之示意性透視圖與示意 性截面圖。 第2圖（a)〜（d)爲展示在樹脂薄片之表面形成溝之步驟 示意圖。 第3圖（a)〜（c)爲展示在經形成溝之樹脂薄片塡充柵材 料之步驟示意圖。 第4圖（a)~(f)爲展示將經塡充柵材料之樹脂薄片朝厚 度方向加壓以使樹脂薄片凸部變形之步驟示意圖。 第5圖爲實施例3之柵片之截面照片。 第6圖（a)、（b)爲比較例1之用於製造柵片之製造裝置 示意圖。 第7圖（a)、（b)爲未以溝之柵材料所塡充之部分的形狀 是約梯形之柵片示意性截面圖。 第8圖爲用於說明p、W、Η之栅部示意性放大圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 柵片 2 經形成溝之樹脂薄片 3 柵部 -42- 201207439 4 柵 片 之 表 面 5 圖 案 模 具 6 形 成 溝 前 之 樹 脂 薄 片 8 溝 9 鏡 面 輥 1 10 柵 材 料 11 經 塡 充 柵 材 料 之 樹 脂 薄 片 12 模 具 13、14 栅 部 與 溝 的 側 壁 之 境 界 線 15 樹 脂 薄 片 之 溝 的 未 以 舰 W 材料所塡充之部分 16 與 柵 部 之 境 界 線 17 連 結 樹 脂 薄 片 之 表 面 的 線 2 1 〜24 溫 調 板 30 附 溝 模 具 輥 3 1 溝 32 樹 脂 供 f* //Ui' 裝 置 3 3 刮 刀 34 PET 薄 膜 3 5 軋 輥 3 6 紫 外 線 昭 j\w 射 裝 置 1 3 7 返 回 輥 3 8 鏡 面 輥 2 3 9 鏡 面 輥 3 -43- 201207439 40 樹 脂 供 應 裝 置 4 1 紫 外 線 照 射 裝 置2 42 捲 取 輥 P 溝 之 節 距 Η 柵 部 之 筒 度 W 柵 部 之 最 寬 寬 度 -44-201207439 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a louver sheet having a high contrast and a high total light transmittance, and a method of manufacturing the same. [Prior Art] In a display such as a liquid crystal display or a plasma display, a functional film having an anti-reflection function, an anti-glare function, an electromagnetic wave shielding function, a near-infrared shielding function, or the like is usually disposed on the viewing side of the display. Further, in order to suppress a decrease in contrast due to external light, a filter for display including a grid in which a plurality of light-shielding portions are arranged in a stripe shape has been proposed (Patent Documents 1'2, 3). The grid is also used in automatic teller machines (ATMs), portable phones, and personal computers to prevent peeping. In addition, the grid is also used in automotive steering systems so that the image is not reflected in the front glass or used to limit the viewing direction. These grating sheets form a lens layer having a stripe-like convex portion composed of an ultraviolet curable resin on a transparent substrate, and a black substance capable of absorbing light is applied to a groove of the convex portion and the convex portion of the lens layer. A light shielding portion is formed. In order to effectively suppress the contrast reduction caused by external light, it has been conventionally to provide a light-shielding portion having a height of ΙΟΟμιη or more, and the grid having the light-shielding portion needs to be able to reduce the visibility of the display image of the display. Since the amount of the light-shielding portion (the period in which the light-shielding portion is repeated) is always set to 50 μm or more. That is, the 'previous shading portion has always been designed to be high in height and wide in pitch. Because it forms a deep groove in the formation process of the blackout 201207439 part and fills the black substance in the groove, the use of the light shielding material in the manufacturing step of the light shielding portion is large, and the filling of the groove is easily caused. Lead to low productivity problems. Therefore, in order to improve the cost or the usability of the sheet, a grid having a narrow pitch of the light-shielding portion and the width of the light-shielding portion has been proposed (Invention Patent Document 4). Since the height of the light shielding portion can be reduced by making the pitch or width of the light shielding portion narrow, the amount of the resin material can be reduced and the cost can be reduced. Further, there has been proposed a method of manufacturing a grid in which a width of a light-shielding portion is made narrow by a light-shielding material so that the lens layer is swollen (Patent Patent No. 5). PRIOR ART DOCUMENT LIST Patent Literature Patent Literature 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 20-4-1-84 No. Publication No. PCT Publication No. JP-A No. 2006-2〇1 5 7 7 Publication Patent Document 3 Japan Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. [Technical Problem] According to Patent Document 4, a mold having a plurality of blades arranged in parallel is pressed against a lens layer to form a groove for the light shielding portion to be filled in the lens layer. However, in order to make the pitch or the width of the light shielding portion narrow, the blade width of the non-reduced mold or the distance between the blade and the blade is not sufficient, so that the moldability of the mold is deteriorated. Moreover, the mold release property of the mold and the lens layer is also deteriorated, and defects are easily generated to cause a decrease in yield. According to the manufacturing method of Patent Document 5, it is not necessary to reduce the blade width of the mold, so that the moldability of the mold is good. In addition, the release property of the mold and the substrate is also good, and the production efficiency is increased. However, when the lens layer is swollen with a light-shielding material, the boundary between the light-shielding portion and the lens layer becomes blurred to cause a decrease in total light transmittance. In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a grid which can effectively suppress a decrease in contrast due to external light and which has a high total light transmittance. Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing such grids at low cost and with good productivity. [Technical method for solving the problem] The present invention is a grid comprising: forming on a first side a resin sheet having a plurality of parallel grooves and a gate portion formed of a gate material which is filled at least at the bottom of the groove: and an aperture ratio observed in a direction perpendicular to the first surface of the resin sheet 80% or more, 201207439 is a vertical section in the long axis direction of the groove, and the widest width W of the gate portion is Ο. Ίμηι is above 5μιη, and the ratio W/H of the widest width w to the height Η of the gate portion is 0. 01 or more and 0. 2 or less. Further, the present invention is a method of manufacturing a grid comprising: a step of forming a resin sheet having a plurality of parallel grooves on one side surface; and subsequently filling the gate material into at least a buried layer in the step (Α) a step (C) for entering the bottom of the groove; and a step (C) of pressing the resin sheet toward the thickness direction of the sheet to narrow the width of the groove. [Effect of the Invention] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a grid sheet which can effectively suppress a decrease in contrast due to external light and a high total light transmittance. Moreover, the above-described grid sheet can be manufactured at low cost and with good productivity. [Embodiment] [Best Embodiment of the Invention] [Grid] Several embodiments of the grid of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1(a) is a perspective view of a grid sheet of the present invention. The grid 1 is formed with a gate portion 3 having a plurality of parallel stripe shapes inside the resin sheet 2. The gate portion 3 is formed with a plurality of parallel grooves on the surface on one side of the resin sheet 2, and is filled with a material for imparting optical characteristics such as light blocking property or light diffusibility in the groove (hereinafter referred to as "gate material" ) formed. Hereinafter, the surface on which one side of the groove having the resin sheet is formed will be referred to as "face 4". 201207439 The gate material is a coloring agent other than an opacifier or a light diffusing material. If the sunscreen is used as the gate material, the contrast enhancing film or the security film can be used for the display as described above. In the case of the light-diffusing material, it is possible to use a light-receiving film for a backlight or the like, or to extract light from a surface light-emitting body such as an organic electroluminescence light. As in the above various fields, it is useful to use a grid having a high aperture ratio and a fine groove. Hereinafter, the description will be made focusing on the manner in which the luminescent agent is used as the gate material, but the present invention does not limit the gate material to the opaque agent. In the present invention, the gate portion for the purpose of the light shielding property is referred to as a "light shielding portion", and the gate material for forming the light shielding portion is referred to as a "light shielding material". The gate portion does not require a complete sag, as long as it satisfies the relationship between the width and the height as will be described later, at least the bottom of the trench may be buried, and voids or other components may be provided inside. Further, the grooves or the gate portions do not need to be strictly parallel. As long as they are at the size of the grid for practical application, the grooves or the gate portions do not cross each other, and may be slightly offset from the parallel. Next, referring to Fig. 1(b), Fig. 1(c) and Fig. 8, the shape of the grid portion 3 will be described in detail. Fig. 1(b), Fig. 1(c) and Fig. 8 are cross-sectional views showing the grid sheet cut along a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the groove of the resin sheet. Fig. 1(b) is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a grid of the present invention. Fig. 1(c) is a cross-sectional view showing another mode of the grid of the present invention. Fig. 8 is a further sectional view of the grid of the present invention, and the grid portion is enlarged. 201207439 The descriptions of p, W, and 第 in Fig. 1(b), Fig. 1(c), and Fig. 8 are as follows. Ρ is the pitch of the groove (repetition cycle). The end point of the pitch Ρ is the point at which the line of the side wall of the groove intersects the line of the surface of the resin sheet. W is the width of the thickest portion of the grid. The width W is the boundary between the boundary line (line division) of the side wall of the groove and the groove, and the longest interval among the intervals of the two boundary lines facing each other in the direction parallel to the surface of the resin sheet. The details are as follows in Fig. 8. Draw the boundary line between the grid and the side wall of the trench (dashed lines 13, 14), and between the boundary line on the left side facing the drawing (dashed line 13) and the boundary line on the right side facing the pattern view (dashed line 14) The longest interval among the intervals parallel to the direction of the surface of the resin sheet is the width W. Η is the height of the grid. The height Η is the distance from the line closest to the surface of the resin sheet to the line farthest from the surface of the resin sheet among the lines traversing the gate portion in a line parallel to the surface of the resin sheet. The cross-sectional shape of the grid portion is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, any of a rectangular shape, a trapezoidal shape, or a triangular shape. These are preferably rectangular in shape to provide full light transmission from a direction perpendicular to the surface of the grid. The widest width w of the gate is O. Above bm and below 51^. If w is less than 0 · 1 μ m, it is difficult to form a groove in the resin sheet. Further, when the right side is the gate portion for the purpose of shading, the light blocking ratio of the light entering the width direction of the grating portion is lowered, so that the contrast of the bright portion is insufficient. In addition, 'If it exceeds 5μηι', it will lead to an increase in the amount of use of the material, an increase in the thickness of the entire sheet, or a decrease in the accuracy of the image used in the display. The lower limit of W is better than 201207439, preferably 0.55 μm or more. Ιμπι above. The upper limit of w is preferably 4 μηι or less, more preferably 3 μιη or less. In order not to cause the viewing angle to become extremely narrow and to obtain a good contrast, the ratio W/H of the widest width W to the height 栅 of the gate is set to 〇 · 〇 1 or more and 0. 2 or less. If W/H is less than 〇. When 〇1, the visibility becomes extremely narrow or the gate portion is hard to be formed, so that productivity is deteriorated. If W / Η is greater than 0. At 2 o'clock, the problem of lowering the total light transmittance is caused by having to reduce the aperture ratio as described later to maintain the contrast of the bright spot. Therefore, when used in a display, the power consumption is increased by the need to maintain the brightness radiated to the viewer side. The lower limit of W/Η is preferably 0. 05 or more, preferably 0. 1 or more. The upper limit of W/Η is preferably 0. 15 or less, more preferably 2 or less. The height Η of the grid portion is preferably 5 μm or more and 200 μm or less. If η is less than 5/im, it will be difficult to form a groove in the resin sheet, or it is difficult to set W7H to the above range. On the other hand, if it exceeds 200 μm, the amount of use of the gate material is excessively increased, or the thickness of the entire sheet is also thickened, which is not preferable. The lower limit of the height 更 is preferably ΙΟμιη or more. The upper limit of the scent is better than ΙΟΟμηι. The opening ratio of the grid viewed from the direction perpendicular to the surface of the resin sheet was 80% or more. The "opening ratio" referred to herein is defined by the formula (p-w) / pxi00. In the case of any of Figs. 1(b) and 1(C), or when the cross-sectional shape of the grid portion is about a rectangle or a triangle, the aperture ratio is also defined by the above formula. -10- 201207439 The resin used to form the resin sheet is not particularly limited as long as it is a resin which can be molded into any shape by pressurization (hereinafter referred to as "pressure-molded resin") limit. The resin which can be press-molded from the viewpoint of easy application of deformation by pressurization is preferably a thermoplastic resin. Among the thermoplastic resins, 'preferably an amorphous resin. The amorphous resin is excellent in transparency and is suitable for use as an optical sheet resin for use in displays and the like. In addition, when the amorphous resin is formed by melt extrusion, it does not require a quenching measure that reduces the crystallinity as in the case of a crystalline resin, and can be slowly cooled, in particular, a sheet having excellent thickness accuracy can be obtained. membrane. The main component of the resin constituting the resin sheet is preferably a cyclic polyolefin resin, a polycarbonate resin, a polystyrene resin 'acrylate resin, a polyvinyl chloride resin, a polyene hydrocarbon resin, or an amorphous polyester resin. Further, the "main component of the resin" is the one that occupies the most quality among the materials constituting the resin. The resin material may be, for example, a mixture of the foregoing resins, or may contain an antistatic agent or a modifier as needed without impeding the efficacy range of the present invention. Among these, the "cyclic polyolefin resin" is particularly excellent in that it has excellent transparency, yellowing resistance, moisture permeability, and dimensional change is extremely small. The resin sheet may be a sheet composed of only a single layer or a laminate sheet of two or more layers from the viewpoint of strength retention and the like. When the laminated sheet is composed of two or more layers, the outermost layer of any one of them is composed of a resin which can be formed by press molding. Further, the layer other than the layer is not necessarily a resin which can be press-formed as long as it can maintain the strength of the entire resin sheet. -11 - 201207439 The Tg of the pressure-mouldable resin constituting the outermost layer of the side for molding is preferably 80 ° C or higher. The Tg in the present invention is determined by the differential scanning calorimeter according to ns κ 7 1 2 1 - 1 9 8 7 to determine the intermediate point glass transition temperature. In the case of a grid for use in a display or a home appliance, the durability test is usually a test in which heating is performed only or under heating and humidification conditions. The temperature is mostly 60 to 80 ° C, and the relative humidity is 80 to 95%. Further, it is also an important condition for the resin sheet to be formed by press molding of the surface and not causing deformation under the temperature and humidity range under the durability test. That is, the Tg of the resin which can be subjected to press molding for forming the outermost layer of the side for molding is preferably 80 ° C or higher which is set to a temperature higher than the endurance test temperature. When the Tg is lower than 80 °C, there is a possibility that the shape which is formed on the surface of the sheet is deformed or the flatness of the sheet itself is deteriorated when the durability test is performed. The Tg is preferably from 80 to 180 ° C, more preferably from 90 to 160 ° C. When the Tg exceeds 18 CTC, sometimes the shape of the mold to be formed on the surface of the resin sheet must be set to a high temperature of 200 ° C or higher, thereby causing a decrease in durability of the mold or a need to pay in the molding step. A lot of energy. Examples of the resin sheet other than the thermoplastic resin are, for example, a resin which is hardened by ionizing radiation such as ultraviolet rays or electron beams, an oligomer, a monomer, a mixture of these, or the like, or a hardenability of a thermosetting composition or the like. Resin, laminated on the substrate sheet. In particular, the ionizing radiation-hardening composition is excellent in productivity because of its high curing rate, and is excellent in durability against a coating composition and a solvent to be used in the case of performing a ruthenium-filled material, and is preferably -12-201207439. . The above-mentioned curable resin is pushed onto the resin sheet by a mold which does not have a convex portion corresponding to the groove, and various plastic polystyrene, polyamide, polyether, polyether, epoxy resin, etc. can be used. Two or more kinds of academic properties or physical properties are used for the constitution or the laminate, and are selected in consideration of the product. The resin sheet is preferably formed to have a light transmittance of 85% or more, and preferably haze; 85% or more and a haze of 5% or less to obtain a screen [gate material] A coating agent obtained by applying a solvent to a matrix composition. When the coloring agent is dispersed or dissolved, the matrix composition is preferably a curable resin such as a resin or an oligomerized composition which is cured by radiation, and has a high curing rate and a coating composition at the time of growth. It is therefore preferred. The method in which the matrix composition can form a groove is, for example, a method of laminating a state in which the substrate is flaky, and then hardening it after pressing. Further, the film is, for example, a polyester, a polyolefin, an amine, a polycarbonate, a fluororesin or a polyfluorene. In addition, the resin can be mixed as needed. The base material sheet has a light transmittance 芰 of 5% or less in the state before the groove is integrated from the resin adhesion of the necessary light layer. When the light transmittance is high, it is excellent in brightness or the like in a portion other than the gate portion. The coating agent obtained by dispersing or dissolving the colorant or dissolving or dissolving the coloring agent in the matrix composition may be used, such as ultraviolet or electron beam ionization, monomer, and a mixture thereof, and thermosetting. The ionizing radiation hardening composition is excellent in productivity and is excellent in durability against a solvent for coating a barrier, etc., and a commercially available polyfunctional propylene-13-201207439 acid-based hardening coating or a lanthanum-based hardening coating is used. These hardened coatings are available using Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. (Mitsubishi Rayon Co.) ,Ltd. (product name "DIABEAM" series, etc.), Nagase Industry Co., Ltd. (trade name "DENACOL" series, etc.), Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd. (Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co.) , Ltd. ) (trade name "NK Ester" series, etc.), Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc. ) (trade name "UNIDIC" series, etc.), East Asia Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (Toagosei Co., Ltd. ) (product name "ARONIX" series, etc.), NOF Corporation (trade name "Blemmer" series, etc.), Nippon Chemical Co., Ltd. (NipponKayakuCo.) ,Ltd. ) (trade name "KAYARAD" is 歹IJ, etc.), Kyoeisha Chemical Co. , Ltd. (product name "LIGHT ESTER" system U, "LIGHT ACRYLATE" series, etc.), JSR Corporation (JSR Corporation) (trade name "DeSolite" series), Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co.) , Ltd. ) (product name "X-62-765 5") and other products. In these matrix compositions, a hardener or a polymerization initiator may be added as needed. In the case where the gate portion is provided for the purpose of shielding light, the gate material is preferably a composition obtained by mixing a black pigment dispersion or a black dye in the matrix composition as a main component, and the above-mentioned difunctional is added as needed. The coating agent obtained by the following acrylate, polymerization initiator, and modifier is a polymer dispersion of a black metal oxide such as carbon black, titanium or iron, and the like. When the absorption coefficient of the black pigment dispersion is about 1 x 1 Ο 6 ΠΓ 1, the content of the black pigment dispersion is from 1 to 300 parts by mass, preferably from 10 to 100 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the above-mentioned matrix composition. More preferably, it is 10 to 50 parts by mass. If it is less than 1 part by mass, the shading function cannot be exhibited. If it is more than 300 parts by mass, the light-shielding material is not easily filled with the gully due to the high viscosity. Further, it may be diluted with a general organic solvent to adjust the viscosity of the obtained matrix composition by dispersing or dissolving the colorant. For example, an alcohol such as ethanol or IPA (isopropyl alcohol), a ketone system such as MEK (methyl ethyl ketone) or acetone, an aromatic system such as toluene or xylene, or an ester system such as ethyl acetate or butyl acetate may be used. A chlorine-based solvent such as dichloromethane or chloroform may be appropriately selected in accordance with the substrate substrate to be used and the matrix composition of the gate material. It is also a preferred mode for the gate material to use only the colorant dispersed or dissolved in a solvent. The colorant disperser is obtained by, for example, dispersing carbon black having a number average particle diameter of about 30 to 500 nm in various solvents. The ink-dissolving person can also use various inks such as a pen or ink pen that has been marketed. In this case, the concentration of the colorant may be selected in accordance with the desired transmittance, and is preferably from 1 to 50% by mass, more preferably from 3 to 20% by mass based on the total of the coating material. If the content of the colorant is less than 1% by mass, there is a possibility that the light-shielding property or other optical characteristics are insufficient. If the content exceeds 50% by mass, there is a possibility that the viscosity of the coating is too high to be easily coated. -15-201207439 Further, in the case where only a coloring agent is dispersed or dissolved in a solvent, a dispersing agent or an auxiliary agent required for dissolution may be added in order to improve the dispersibility or solubility of the coloring agent. The solvent includes, for example, an alcohol such as ethanol or IPA (isopropyl alcohol), a ketone system such as MEK (methyl ethyl ketone) or acetone, or an aromatic ester such as ethyl acetate or butyl acetate such as toluene or xylene. A chlorine-based solvent such as dichloromethane or chloroform, or water may be used, or a mixture of two or more solvents may be used. Further, in order to sufficiently adsorb the colorant on the surface of the groove of the resin sheet, it may be a resin which is slightly dissolved in the substrate to be formed as a groove, or a solvent which dissolves into the substrate resin is also preferable. The mode of the gate does not necessarily need to completely bury the groove of the resin sheet as long as it satisfies W/H of 0. 01 or more and 0. In the case of the following relationship, it may be at least the bottom of the trench. When the gate material is filled with the gate material, if the gate material is filled more than the groove capacity, the gate material overflowing from the trench will cover a part of the surface of the resin sheet, so that the transmittance of the portion which should be the light transmitting portion is lowered. . Therefore, it is preferable to charge the gate material to a small amount with respect to the groove capacity, or to fill the groove capacity or more, and to remove excess gate material in an appropriate manner after the filling. In the case where excess gate material is removed after filling, it is generally preferred to select a cleaning method such as only preferentially washing or stripping the gate material. In the case where the gate material is less than the gate material, or the case where the excess gate material is removed after the filling, the groove of the resin sheet may occur in the vicinity of the surface of the resin sheet. The case of the part that the part is filled in. -16 - 201207439 As shown in Fig. 7(b), the groove shape of the portion which is not filled with the grid portion is preferably the long axis of the groove of the resin sheet. The cross section in which the direction is perpendicular is an approximately trapezoidal shape which is upper than the boundary line of the gate portion. The so-called "upper bottom" is the shorter of the parallel sides of the trapezoid. In addition, the so-called "lower bottom" is the longer one of the parallel sides of the trapezoid. The so-called "about trapezoid" means that even if the upper bottom, or the two sides connecting the upper and lower bottoms are not straight, it can be regarded as the boundary with the boundary (16 of Fig. 7(b)). The line connecting the surface of the resin sheet (17 of Fig. 7(b)) has a shape of a trapezoidal shape of the lower base. When the above-mentioned grid sheet is used as a filter for a display, most of the functional layer is laminated on the surface of the resin sheet through the adhesive material. When the thickness W of the gate portion is 5 μm or less, if the space of the portion not filled with the grid portion is a rectangle or the surface of the resin sheet is narrow, the adhesive material may not be completely filled. This space and air are easily entrained to cause a bright and dazzling situation. If the shape of the space is about a trapezoidal shape with the boundary of the grid as the upper base, the adhesive material can easily bury the gap 密 without causing deterioration of the image quality, so it is preferable that the groove is The invention is hereinafter described by the invention, which has a portion of the surface of the resin sheet which is not filled with the portion of the gate and which is in the shape of a trapezoidal grid with the boundary of the gate portion as the upper boundary. It is produced by the manufacturing method. [Manufacturing Method of the Grid] The manufacturing method of the grid sheet of the present invention comprises the three steps of: (Α) forming a resin sheet having a plurality of parallel grooves on one side surface; -17- 201207439 (B) 栅 栅 栅The step of filling at least the bottom of the groove; (C) the step of pressing the resin sheet in the thickness direction of the sheet to narrow the width of the groove. As long as step (A) is carried out first, steps (b) and (C) may be performed first. In Fig. 2, one of the modes (a) is shown, and in Fig. 4, one of the steps (B) and (C) is shown. Although the step (C) is carried out after the step (b) in Fig. 4, of course, the order may be reversed. The second and fourth drawings will be described in detail later. 〇 According to this manufacturing method, a grid having a narrow width of the gate portion can be obtained. Moreover, the widest width W of the gate portion can be easily obtained to be 0. 1 μιη or more and 5 μιη or less, an aperture ratio of 80% or more, and a ratio of w to a height Η of the gate portion W/H is 0. 01 or more and 0. 2 below the grid. In the case where the step (C) is carried out before the step (Β), if an appropriate grid shape is to be obtained, it is necessary to stop in the process of pressing the resin sheet to deform the groove in the step (C), and The temperature, pressure, time, and the like of the pressurizing step are strictly adjusted so that the temperature or pressure distribution gradient in the surface of the resin sheet is extremely reduced. Depending on the material of the resin sheet to be used or the combination of the gate materials, if the step of filling the gate material of the step (Β) is preferentially performed, a wide step required to obtain the same shape can be set. (C) The range of pressurization step conditions. Conversely, in the case where the step (Β) is carried out before the step (C), when the pressurization of the step (C) is performed, the gate material which is available is affected by the possibility of being affected by the filled gate material. There may be situations that are limited. In the case of step (C) before step -18-201207439 (B), since there are no such restrictions, more materials can be used as the gate material. Therefore, what should be prioritized in the steps (B) and (C) should be comprehensively judged from the characteristics of the grid to be manufactured, and the like. Next, the steps (A), (B) and (C) are described in detail below. [Step (A)] First, the following description will be made with respect to step (A) using Fig. 2 . Fig. 2 is a view showing a step of pressing a pattern mold 5 having a convex portion on the resin sheet 6 from the side of the resin sheet to form a groove corresponding to the shape of the convex portion on the resin sheet. The shape of the convex portion of the pattern mold 5 is a shape obtained by inverting the shape of the groove in which the resin sheet is to be formed. The pattern mold 5 and the resin sheet 6 are placed in a state of being caught by the temperature regulating sheets 21 and 22. The temperature regulating plates 2, 22 are internally provided with a heating source such as a heater or a cooling source such as a refrigerant flow path, and can be heated and cooled to an arbitrary temperature. Further, the temperature regulating plates 21 and 22 are attached to a pressurizing device (not shown), and can press the pattern mold 5 and the resin sheet 6 in the thickness direction of the sheet with a desired pressure. First, the temperature adjusting plates 2 1 and 22 are heated. The pattern mold 5 and the resin sheet 6 mounted in advance are heated to a specific temperature. The temperature is controlled so that the temperature of the pattern mold and the resin sheet 6 becomes within the temperature range of the glass transition temperature Tg of the resin constituting the resin sheet 6 and Tg + 60 ° C or lower (Fig. 2 (a)). The reason for controlling to the above temperature range is that if the temperature is lower than Tg -19-201207439, the moldability is not good, and if it is higher than Tg +60 °c, the elastic modulus of the film is too low. It is impossible to maintain the flatness that the sheet should have. Next, the resin sheet 6 and the pattern mold 5 are pressed under pressure as desired. The pressure range is preferably controlled at O. The range of IMPa to 20 MPa is more preferably controlled in the range of 1 to 10 MP a. Further, a cushioning elastic body or cushioning material may be interposed between the sheet and the temperature regulating plate or between the mold and the temperature regulating plate so that pressure can be uniformly applied to the molding region. Next, after maintaining the time required for molding the resin while still applying pressure, the temperature adjustment plate is cooled while the pressure is still maintained, so that the temperature of the sheet is lowered. Next, after the temperature of the sheet is lowered to a temperature lower than the glass transition temperature Tg of the resin constituting the sheet, the pressing pressure is opened, and the lens sheet is released from the mold (Fig. 2(d)). The sheet is attached to the mold surface and released from the mold, and the optimum apparatus can be suitably used in response to, for example, a continuous or sheet-like product form or molding area. Further, it is not limited to the above method and configuration as long as it is a process which presses a mold by heating and softening the resin to transfer a desired pattern shape, and then cools and solidifies the resin. Further, in the method of patterning the surface of the sheet, in addition to the method of intermittently molding using a flat mold as shown in Fig. 2 (intermittent molding method), it is also possible to use a roll-shaped mold having a pattern on the surface or an endless skin. A strip mold is used to form a continuous mold (continuous molding method). In the case of the intermittent method -20-201207439 type, since the pressure can be maintained for a long period of time, it is excellent in a pattern which can be formed fine and has a high aspect ratio. In the case of the continuous molding method, the shape accuracy of the pattern is inferior to that of the batch molding method, but in terms of productivity, it is superior to the batch molding method. The method for producing the mold used in the step (A) will be described below. First, a machining tool having the same shape as the concave shape of the desired cross section is used on the shaping surface side of the mold material, and the machining is performed by an ultra-precision machining machine capable of performing three-dimensional machining, whereby the shaping surface can be imparted Convex shape section. Ultra-precision processing machines are known, for example, as a planer (shaper) method, a wing cut method, an end mill method, a lathe processing method, and the like. Among them, it is preferable to use the highest precision planer (head planer) method and wing type cutting method. A method of molding a resin sheet having a groove, in addition to a method of extruding a mold to a resin sheet, a method by extrusion molding is also possible. This method is a method in which a resin of a sheet is melt-extruded, and then pressed against a transfer roller having a shape obtained by reversing a pattern to be transferred. This method has the disadvantage that the pattern shape accuracy is lower than that of the above method because the resin temperature is still high, but the productivity is high because the film forming step and the molding step can be simultaneously performed. . -21 · 201207439 [Step (B)] Next 'About step (B), the following figure is explained using Fig. 3. @ % @ of the grid material is continuously carried out in the state of a long sheet-like sheet. In addition, the important % of the gastric material is not entangled in the air and is buried in the resin sheet to form a β groove. If there is an air layer such as a bubble in the groove, the haze is increased or the appearance is poor. This problem can be solved by applying the grid material to the long axis direction of the groove. The coating method is not particularly limited as long as it can be filled in the trench, but is preferably a micro-plate rotation method. After the gate material was previously diluted in a solvent, it was applied as shown in Fig. 3 (a). The solvent is used so as not to be uniformly dispersed from the gate material. The dilution rate is appropriately determined depending on the depth of the groove. Also, in step (B). Thereafter, the condition & ’ SU of the step (C) is appropriately determined in accordance with the ruler 4 of the grid portion to be formed by the pressurizing step of the step (c). A cross-sectional view of the coated resin sheet is shown in Fig. 3(b). Next, by drying the gate material, the gate material can be filled only to the groove portion as shown in Fig. 3(c). When the gate material is filled according to the method of the present invention, the step of scraping off the useless material after the gate material is conventionally used in the manufacture of the grid can be omitted, and the scratch or contamination can be reduced to improve the quality. . [Step (C)] Next, the following description will be made regarding the step (C) using Fig. 4 . Fig. 4 is a view showing a step of pressing the mold 12 against the resin sheet which is filled with the gate material in the groove as viewed from the side of the resin sheet, so that the width of the groove is deformed to be small. -22- 201207439 The resin sheet and the mold are placed in a state in which the temperature adjustment plates 23 and 24 are placed next to each other. The temperature regulating plates 23 and 24 are internally provided with a heating source such as a heater and a cooling source such as a refrigerant flow path, and can be heated and cooled to an arbitrary temperature. Further, the "warm plates 23, 24 are attached to a press device (not shown), and the mold and the resin sheet can be pressed at a desired pressure in the thickness direction of the sheet. The temperature adjustment plates 2 3 and 24 are initially heated to raise the temperature of the mold 1 2 and the resin sheet 11 of the prefilled gate material to a specific temperature. Further, the temperature of the control mold 1 2 and the resin sheet 1 1 is within a temperature range of the glass transition temperature Tg - l 〇 ° C or more and Tg + 50 ° C or less of the resin constituting the sheet (Fig. 4 (a)). When the temperature is lower than Tg - 10 ° C, the portion between the groove and the groove of the resin sheet (hereinafter referred to as "the convex portion of the resin sheet") is not easily deformed. If the temperature is higher than Tg + 50 ° C, the deformation of the convex portion may be excessive, the groove may collapse, and the groove may disappear. More preferably, the temperature is controlled within a temperature range of Tg + 20 ° C or lower. Next, the resin sheet 11 and the mold 12 are pressed under pressure as much as desired. The convex portion of the resin sheet is thickened while being subjected to an external force, and is compressed toward the thickness direction of the resin sheet. As a result, the width of the groove between the convex portion and the convex portion is deformed to be small. The pressure range is preferably controlled to be 0. The range of 1 Μ P a to 2 MPa is more preferably in the range of 1 MPa to 1 MPa. Further, an elastic or cushioning material having a cushioning property may be interposed between the sheet and the temperature regulating plate or between the mold and the temperature regulating plate so that pressure can be uniformly applied to the molding region. -23-201207439 Next, after the time required to maintain the deformation of the convex portion while the pressure is still applied, the temperature of the resin sheet 11 is lowered while the temperature of the resin sheet 11 is lowered while the pressure is still maintained. Then, after the temperature of the resin sheet is lowered to a temperature lower than the glass transition temperature Tg of the resin constituting the resin sheet, the pressure is applied to release the resin sheet 11 from the mold (Fig. 4(d)). The resin sheet may be attached to the mold surface and released from the mold, and the optimum apparatus may be suitably used depending on, for example, a continuous shape or a sheet-like product form or a molding area. Further, as long as it is a process which deforms the convex portion by pressing the mold by heating and softening the resin, it is not limited to the above method. Further, in addition to the batch molding method as described above, a continuous molding method can also be employed. In the case of the batch molding method, since the pressure can be maintained for a long period of time, it is suitable for the case where the amount of deformation of the convex portion of the resin sheet is large. In the case of the continuous molding method, the amount of deformation is smaller than that of the batch molding method, but the productivity is excellent. Further, in the case where the step (C) is carried out after the step (B), the condition for the deformation is preferably such that the elastic modulus of the gate material is lower than the elastic modulus of the resin sheet material to deform the convex portion of the resin sheet. It is not hindered by the filling of the gate material inside the trench. In the case where the modulus of elasticity of the gate material is higher than that of the resin sheet material, there is a possibility that the deformation of the groove shape is hindered. -24- 201207439 In addition, the shape of the groove before deformation is preferably designed to be optimally shaped to obtain the desired shape after deformation. In particular, in the shape in which the side wall interval is narrowed toward the bottom of the groove, it is preferable to obtain a certain groove width shape after being deformed. Further, it is preferable to set the groove bottom to be flat, and the distance between the side walls of each portion is to be longer than the side wall interval after deformation. If the initial side wall spacing is too narrow, the recess will disappear when pressurized. Further, the above-described groove shape before deformation is formed such that the width of the groove is a wide shape on the surface side of the resin sheet, whereby the groove shape of the portion which is not filled by the gate portion after deformation can be easily formed as The trapezoid is defined as the upper boundary with the boundary of the grid. [Other steps] Further, after the end of steps (B) and (C), as shown in Fig. 4 (e), (f), the surface is flat. The mold or the smooth surface roller presses the resin sheet again in the thickness direction to planarize the surface of the resin sheet 11. When the surface of the resin sheet is flat, the light is easily incident on the grid, and the problem that the light is scattered in an outward direction and the image is deteriorated can be eliminated. As a result, the total light transmittance increases and the haze becomes small, which is preferable. The condition of the pressurization may be a condition that the resin is not deformed and the resin is deformed in a state in which the convex portion of the resin sheet is flattened. If it is desired to flatten only the surface of the resin sheet while suppressing the deformation of the gate material, the gate material must be less deformable than the resin constituting the resin sheet when pressurized. Therefore, it is preferable to control the temperature of the mold and the resin sheet at the time of pressurization to be higher than the glass transition temperature of the resin constituting the resin sheet, -25 to 201207439, and to be in a range in which the elastic modulus of the gate material is not significantly lowered. For example, after (d) deforming the convex portion by pressurization, the gate material is cured by UV (ultraviolet rays), and then planarized. The pressurization conditions are as follows. For example, the temperature-control resin sheet and the modulus are within a temperature range of a glass transition temperature Tg of the resin constituting the resin sheet of not more than a month °C. If it is lower than the temperature of Tg, the convex portion of the tree is not easily deformed. If it is higher than Tg + 60 ° C, the shell IJ causes the trench of the crucible filling material to collapse. In addition, the pressure range is 0. The range of 1 MPa to 20 MPa is controlled, more preferably in the range of 10 MPa. In addition, a cushioning elastomer or cushioning may be interposed between the foil and the temperature regulating plate and the temperature regulating plate: the pressure may be uniformly applied to the molding region. The resin sheet is held; after the time and pressure necessary for flattening, the pressure is released and the mold is released from the mold. When demolding from the mold, it is preferred to cool the temperature of the mold and ί to a temperature lower than Tg to suppress the surface properties of the resin sheet or the surface of the resin sheet to become thick. Further, when smoothing the surface of the resin sheet, it is possible to smoothly deform or flow, and it is preferable to set the friction coefficient of the pressing member on the surface of the resin sheet to be small. For example, a film containing a high fluororesin or a polyimide resin is used to form a tantalum surface contact portion of the pressing member, or a diamond-like carbon material is formed on the surface of the pressing member. And with the temperature of the collision with the fourth picture. Tg+60 fat flakes may be preferably 1 MPa or mold, so that the adhesion of the surface to the fatty flakes is so low that the resin is in contact with the hot fat flakes, etc. -26-201207439 In addition, if the surface of the resin flakes fails to When the flattening is sufficiently obtained by one pressurization, the pressurization treatment can be performed in many times. In order to flatten the surface of the resin sheet, other layers may be laminated. For example, a method of laminating through an adhesive layer, or by coating a coating, drying, and hardening to obtain a flattening. Further, the surface may be flattened by applying a solvent (substantially insoluble of the gate material) which can dissolve or swell the resin sheet, and then drying. In this case, a mixed solvent containing the aforementioned solvent for dissolving or swelling may be used. If a groove having a width near the surface of the resin sheet as shown in Fig. 1(c) is narrower than the bottom portion in a general manner, it is difficult to obtain a good mold processing precision or transfer shape on the resin sheet. When it is not easy to pull out the mold. However, if the method of manufacturing the grid according to the present invention, such a shape can be obtained. Specifically, when the pressure is applied in the step (C), the temperature distribution gradient of the resin sheet on the surface side is lowered by setting the temperature distribution gradient of the resin sheet in the thickness direction closer to the surface side of the resin sheet. By deforming, a groove of such a shape can be produced. <<Examples>> Hereinafter, the measurement methods and evaluation methods of the respective examples and comparative examples will be described. The measurement was carried out under the conditions of a room temperature of 2 3 ° C and a relative humidity of 65% unless otherwise specified. A-Tg measurement The measurement was carried out according to the criteria of JIS K 7 1 2 1 - 1 9 8 7 and using differential scanning calorimetry. Add 5 mg of the composition or film sample in the aluminum dish -27- 201207439. The sample was heated from a normal temperature at a heating rate of 20 t / min to 30 Torr for 5 minutes. Then, it is quenched with liquid nitrogen, heated again to 300 ° C from the normal temperature at a temperature increase rate of /min, and the glass transition temperature (intermediate point glass transition temperature) at the second temperature rise, and used as a differential scan Calorimetry is performed using SEICO Electronics Industry Co., Ltd. Seico Electronics Industrial Co. ,Ltd. ) Robot "RDSC220" manufactured. The data analysis device uses the station "S SC/5 200" manufactured by the company. B. Cross-sectional observation The grid was cut with a vertical surface facing the longitudinal direction of the groove. The slicer was cut and the cross section of the grid was cut at an angle of inclination of the 3° slicer. The surface is evaporated with platinum-palladium. The cross section was adjusted to 10 to 5,000 times using a scanning electron microscope so that more than five grids appeared in the field of view. Then, the dimensions of the groove and the gate are measured from the cross-sectional photograph. When the collapse occurs at the time of cutting, the entire grid is immersed in a liquid state in advance, frozen, and then cut, or embedded in another resin, and then cut to prevent the shape from collapsing. The slicer is a rotary slicer manufactured by a microtome. Scanning electronic display is used by Hitachi, Ltd. (Hitachi, Ltd. ) Manufacturing a scanning electron microscope S-2100A. [Pitch of P groove] The length of the cross-section photograph is measured to determine the size of the pitch of the groove. The so-called "pitch" is the repetition period of the groove. The end of the pitch is the groove and the melt is 2 〇r to determine the Tg. Division (the DSC Disc uses a thin section of the micro-mirror that is cut into the shape of the nitrogen to break the intersection of the line on the side of the sidewall -28-201207439 and the surface of the resin sheet. The measurement is performed at 10 selected locations, or randomly from a total of 10 selected from a plurality of cross-sectional photographs, and then the average 値 is used as the pitch of the groove p 〇 [the height of the H gate portion]. The height of the gate portion is measured by the gate portion. The term "height" as used herein means a line which is closest to the surface of the resin sheet among the lines which traverse the gate portion in a line parallel to the surface of the resin sheet. The distance from the line farthest from the surface of the resin sheet. The measurement is performed on 10 randomly selected from a cross-sectional photograph, or a total of 10 randomly selected from a plurality of cross-sectional photographs, and then The average 値 is the height 栅 of the groove of the groove. [Wide width of the gate portion] The width of the width of the thickest portion of the gate portion is measured by selecting any gate portion in the cross-sectional photograph. The so-called "width" is intended here. Draw The boundary line between the part and the side wall of the groove (line division), and the longest interval between the two opposite boundary lines in the direction parallel to the surface of the resin sheet. 10 randomly selected from a cross-sectional photograph Or the measurement is performed from a total of 1 随机 randomly selected from a plurality of cross-sectional photographs, and then the average width 値 is used as the widest width W of the groove portion of the groove. [W/H the widest width of the gate portion and the gate portion Ratio of height] Select any gate in the cross-section photograph and measure the height of the grid and the width of the thickest, and then calculate the ratio of (width/height). Randomly selected from a section -29-201207439 The measurement is performed at 1 point or a total of 10 randomly selected from a plurality of cross-sectional photographs, and then the average 値 is used as the ratio W/H 〇 [determination of the shape of the unfilled portion of the groove of the resin sheet] It is determined whether any of the gate portions in the cross-sectional photograph is used to determine whether the shape of the portion of the trench-filled material trench that is not filled with the gate material is approximately trapezoidal with the boundary line of the gate portion as the upper substrate. If the height of the unfilled part is 0. When the length of the boundary line of the gate portion is shorter than the width of the upper end of the opening portion, even if the upper base or the two sides connecting the upper bottom and the lower bottom are not straight lines, the boundary line with the gate portion (7th) In the case of the upper base and the line connecting the surface of the resin sheet (17 of Fig. 7(b)), which can be regarded as a trapezoidal shape of the lower bottom, it is regarded as a trapezoid. Judging from 10 randomly selected from a cross-sectional photograph or a total of 10 randomly selected from a plurality of cross-sectional photographs, if more than 8 or more have a trapezoidal shape, it is determined as a groove of the resin sheet. The shape of the unfilled portion is approximately trapezoidal in shape. C. The light transmittance and haze of the resin sheet before the formation of the groove were measured using a haze meter according to the criteria of ISO 14782:1999. The light transmittance is measured by the enthalpy of the total light transmittance and the diffuse transmittance obtained from the above haze measurement (total light transmittance - diffused transmittance). In the measurement, the resin sheet was cut into a square of 80 mm, and the sample was placed in a state in which the arbitrary side was horizontal. Further, the sample was turned over to measure the light transmittance and haze from the surface opposite to the above -30-201207439. Three samples were taken from one sample and each was measured once, and the average enthalpy of the total of six data was used as the light transmittance and haze. The haze meter was a haze meter NDH 2000 manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd. D. Full Light Transmittance, Haze Full light transmittance is measured according to ISO 13468-1: 1996 and haze is measured according to ISO 1 47 8 2: 1 999 using a haze meter. The grid was cut into an 80 mm square, and this was mounted so that light was incident from the side of the side where the groove was not formed, and the long axis direction of the groove was made to be the up and down direction. Three samples were sampled from one sample and each was measured once, and the average average enthalpy was used as the total light transmittance and haze. The haze meter was a haze meter NDH2 000 manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd. E. Viewing angle characteristics The output intensity distribution of the grid was measured using a variable angle photometer. The grid was cut out to an angle of 80 mm and mounted on the sample stage such that light was incident from the side on which the groove was not formed, and the long axis direction of the groove was made up and down. The light source and the light-receiving portion of the device were fixed so that the incident angle to the sample surface was in the range of -90 to +90 and measured every 5 degrees. The variable angle photometer is Murakami Color Research Laboratory Co., Ltd. (Murakami Color Research Laboratory Co.) ,Ltd. ) Manufacturing variable angle photometer gP-200. The measurement conditions are as follows: • Light source: Halogen lamp of 1 2 V 5 0 W • Light source side filter: Light-adjusting filter with an average transmittance of 1% and 10% is used in overlap -31 - 201207439 • Beam Aperture: Set to ι (φ Κ 4 mm) • Acceptance aperture: set to 6 (Φ approximately 13 mm) • Sample stage: Standard sample stage with reflection transmission pitch adjustment device • Measurement mode: Transmission • Assumed incident angle is 0 . The sensitivity of the light is 100. The evaluation was carried out by investigating the incident angle at which the peak of the peak became 50% with respect to the sensitivity of the emitted light, and recorded the width 値 of the angle between the peak on the side and the side on the + side. For example, when the incident angle with the highest sensitivity is 〇° and the sensitivity at the time of 〇° incidence is 100, if the sensitivity of the emitted light reaches 50 degrees and the angle is -30° and +30°, it is recorded as 60°. [Example 1] Preparation of a cyclic polyolefin resin (TOPAS 6013, Tg 136 ° C, Polyplastics Co. (Polyplastics Co.) ,Ltd. ) Manufactured as a resin for constituting a resin sheet. After drying at 1200 ° C for 6 hours, it was melted at a temperature of 260 ° C. Next, the resin extruded through the melt extrusion die was extruded in a sheet form on a metal cylinder maintained at 100 °C. The metal cylinder was set at a speed of 25 m/min and taken up to obtain a resin sheet 1. The resin sheet 1 has a light transmittance of 91% and a haze of 0. 4% 〇 Next, the following mold 1 and the resin sheet 1 were heated at 17 5 ° C for 1 minute, and while maintaining the temperature at 175 ° C, the mold 1 and the resin sheet 1 were pressed at a pressure of 2 MPa for 30 seconds. After cooling to 70 ° C, the resin sheet 1-32-201207439 was released from the mold. Thereby, the image 1 obtained by inverting the shape of the mold 1 in the resin sheet can be obtained (step (A)). (Mold 1) • In-plane pattern: Stripe shape • Cross-sectional shape of the convex part: Isosceles trapezoidal shape ( • Height of convex part: 65 μm • Width of convex part • (upper part) 7 μm, • Pitch of convex part: 35 μm • Size : 100 mm Χ 100 mm (Secondly, the resin sheet 1 with grooves is applied to press the sheet 2 in the manner shown (but not filled with the grid material). The pressure plate temperature at the time of pressurization is 135. (, pressure holding time For 30 seconds (step (c followed by 'in 1 part by mass of chlorinated polyene:) EH-801 Toyo Chemical Co., Ltd. (T〇yo Kasei body composition concentration is 3〇%), add 20 parts by mass 'and add Stirring to obtain the gate material 1. In the grooved resin sheet 2, use the grooveless grid material 1' and at 110. (: Dry for 1 minute. The wire rod is coated with the gate material 1 by the bar coating method, and the house step ( B)). The one side of 1 is formed with a thin grooved resin isosceles trapezoid) (bottom) 1 3 μm case area). Figure 4 (〇 to (d) to obtain a resin with grooves) , pressurizing pressure is 2MPa)) = diameter coating (Hardlene (R Co. ,Ltd. The manufactured and solid carbon black is coated as a black material bar by a bar coating method and dried again for 1 minute using a grooveless E 1 l〇°C (-33-201207439. Table 1 shows the dimensions of each part, total light. The result of transmittance and viewing angle. Its W/H = 0. 167. The aperture ratio is 86. /. The total light transmittance is 83%, the haze is 5%, and the viewing angle is 65°. [Example 2] A grooved resin sheet 1 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 (step (A)). Next, 1 part by mass of a hardener (CAT-7605, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), 100 parts by mass, is added to 100 parts by mass of the lanthanide resin (X-62-7655, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.). Carbon black as a black material and stirred. Next, the MEK (methyl ethyl ketone) was diluted to a solid concentration of 20% to produce a gate material. 2 〇 In the grooved sheet 1 The gate material was coated by a bar coating method using a grooveless wire rod at 90°. C was dried for 1 minute (step (B)). Next, the gate material 1 was hardened by irradiating 1 J/m2 with an ultrahigh pressure mercury lamp. Next, in the method shown in Fig. 4 (a) to (d) and at a pressure plate temperature of 13 〇, the pressure is 1 . 5 MPa and a pressure holding time of 1 minute were pressed to obtain a grid sheet 2 (step (C)). Table 1 shows the results of the dimensions, total light transmittance, and viewing angle of each part. Its W/H = 0. 1. The aperture ratio is 86%, the total light transmittance is 8〇%, the haze is 10%, and the viewing angle is 40. . -34-201207439 [Example 3] A sample was produced in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the hardening of the gate material by irradiation of the ultrahigh pressure mercury lamp was changed to be performed after the step (C) to obtain the grid 3 . Fig. 5 shows a photograph of a cross section of the obtained grid, and Table 1 shows the results of the dimensions of the respective portions, the total light transmittance, and the viewing angle. Its W/H = 0. 125, the aperture ratio is 86%, the total light transmittance is 85%, the haze is 5%, and the viewing angle is 65 °. [Example 4] The following mold 2 was produced with an acrylate resin sheet 2 (Delag Us A999, Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation) having a thickness of 1 mm, a light transmittance of 92%, and a haze of 〇. 1 %) The film 2 and the resin sheet 2 were pressed at a pressure of 5 MPa for 30 seconds while being heated at 1 4 5 ° C for 1 minute while maintaining 145 ° C. Then, it was cooled to 70 ° C. The resin sheet 2 is released from the mold. Thereby, a grooved resin sheet 2 having a pattern obtained by reversing the shape of the mold 2 is formed on one surface of the resin sheet 2 (step (A)). (Mold 2) • Sectional shape of the convex part: Isosceles trapezoidal • Height of the convex part: 80μηι • Width of the convex part: (upper part) 7μπι, (bottom) 13μχη • Pitch of the convex part: 35μιη • Size: 100mm xlOO Millimeter (pattern area). -35- 201207439 Next, in 100 parts by mass of urethane resin coating (VYLON (R) UR- 8 3 00, Toyobo Co., Ltd. (Toyobo Co.) , Ltd. (manufacturing) 30 parts by mass of carbon black as a black material was added and stirred. Next, the grid material 4 was produced by diluting with ethyl acetate to a solid concentration of 20%. The gate material 4 was applied by a bar coating method using a grooveless wire rod in the grooved resin sheet 2, and dried at 90 ° C for 1 minute (step (B)). Next, in the method shown in Fig. 4 (a) to (d), the temperature of the pressurizing plate is 1351, and the pressurizing pressure is 1. Pressurization was carried out at 5 MPa and the pressure holding time was 1 minute to obtain a grid sheet 4 (step (C)). Table 1 shows the results of the dimensions, total light transmittance, and viewing angle of each part. Its W/H = 0. 089, the aperture ratio was 89%, the total light transmittance was 85%, the haze was 7%, and the viewing angle was 60°. [Example 5] A grooved resin sheet 2 (step (A)) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4. Next, a black ink was applied by a bar coating method using a grooveless bar (ink was used for securities (product number··INK-30-DO) 'PILOT Corporation (PILOT Corporation)), and dried at 90 °C. Minutes (step (B)). Next, in the method shown in Fig. 4 (a) to (d), the temperature of the pressurizing plate was 135 ° C, and the pressurizing pressure was 1. Pressurization was carried out at 5 MPa and the pressure holding time was 1 minute to obtain a grid 5 (step (C)). -36- 201207439 Table 1 shows the dimensions, total light transmittance, and visual results of each part. Its W/H= 〇. 〇67, the aperture ratio is 91%, the total light transmittance, the haze is 5%, and the viewing angle is 65. . [Comparative Example 1] The production was carried out using a manufacturing apparatus as shown in Fig. 6. The ultraviolet curable composition of 100 (DeSolite Z7528, manufactured by JSR Co., Ltd.) was heated to 70 ° C to have a low viscosity, and 100 parts by mass of carbon black was slowly added while mixing, and dispersed. The coating is used as a grid material. The mold roll (mold 3) with the following grooves is rotated by the supply device 32 in the direction of the arrow: the groove of the mold roll 30 is filled. The gate material supplied to the grooved mold roll 30 is scraped off by a doctor blade 3 3 . Next, the PET film 34 of ΙΟΟμιη will be continuously moved (Lumirror U34, Toray Industries, Inc.) ) Manufacturing, light transmittance is 91. / is 0. 9%) by the roll 35, it is adhered to the grooved mold, and the PET film 34 is adhered to the grooved mold roll 30. The external line irradiation device 36 irradiates the ultraviolet rays of 1 J / m 2 so that the The resin of the groove of the grooved mold roll 30 is hardened. Next, the PET film 34 is peeled off by returning the grooved mold roll 30 to form a grid portion. The mirror roller 38 located on the surface side on which the grid portion is formed is supplied with a UV curable composition (D e S ο 1 ite Z 7 5 2 8 , manufactured by Co., Ltd.) from the resin supply 40, and is lightly light on both mirrors 38. Between 39, the film 3 4' is rolled to make the space between the gates buried. Thereafter, the wild angle is 8 7% by mass, and the limited public machine is stirred to obtain a black supply to 5 〇 and the excess thickness is limited to the company >, and the haze is lightly 30. ", the purple is filled in the yoke 37. Next, the JSR-stretched PET should be irradiated with ultraviolet rays of 1 J / m 2 by the ultraviolet-37-201207439 line irradiation device 41, and then taken up by the take-up roll 4 2 to obtain a grid. 3. The results of the dimensions, total light transmittance, and viewing angle of each part are shown in Table 1. W/H=0. 182. The aperture ratio was 75%, the total light transmittance was 76%, the haze was 14%, and the viewing angle was 6 〇. . (Mold 3) • Sectional shape of the groove: Isosceles trapezoidal • Depth of the groove: 1 1 〇μ m • Width of the groove: (bottom) 8μηι, (upper) 20μηι • Pitch pitch: 80μιη • Size: 100mm xlOO Millimeter (pattern area). [Comparative Example 2] A mold roll (mold 4) having a groove having a cross-sectional shape obtained by reversing the cross-sectional shape of the mold 1 was used instead of the mold roll (mold 3) to which the groove was attached, and the rest was The grid 4 was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1. Table 1 shows the results of the dimensions, total light transmittance, and viewing angle of each part. Its W/H = 0. 200, the aperture ratio is 63%, the total light transmittance is 75 %, the haze is 18%, and the viewing angle is 5 5 °. [Comparative Example 3] Although the mold 4 having the convex portion having the same shape as the groove of the grid sheet 3 was to be produced, when the cutting mold was performed, the mold could not be produced due to the collapse of the convex portion. (Design shape of the mold 4) • Cross-sectional shape of the convex part: Isosceles trapezoid-38-201207439 • Height of the convex part: 4〇Mm • Width of the convex part · (Upper) 3μπι' (Bottom) 5μχη • Protrusion Pitch: 35μιη • Size: 100mm χίοο mm (pattern area). As is apparent from the results of the respective examples, the grid of the present invention maintains the same viewing angle as the grid of the comparative example, but the total light transmittance in the front direction is high and the haze is small. That is, when it is used for a display, it is a grating which has a loss of luminance and a deterioration in image quality. Further, it is also known that according to the method of manufacturing a grid sheet of the present invention, an extremely small gate portion can be easily produced. Further, the grid sheets of the present invention (Examples 1, 2, and 3) can be produced regardless of the order of the steps (Β) and (C). In addition, in the case where the step (Β) is performed first, when the hardening of the gate material is performed after the step (C), a grating having a higher total light transmittance and a lower haze can be obtained (according to the embodiment 2 and the implementation) Comparison of Example 3). Further, it is also known that the grid material is not only a mixture of a resin and a pigment. In the case of only one of a pigment and a dye, a grid sheet can be produced. (Embodiment 4 '5) Outside the lit, it is also known that the portion of the grid which is not filled with the trench material is 0 Μ which is the upper boundary with the boundary of the gate (Example 1 ' 3 ' 4 ' 5 } 'Compared with other examples and comparative examples, the total light transmittance is high and the haze is small. -39- 201207439 I 撇 Example 5 Isosceles trapezoid mg ΡΜΜΑ 热塑性 Thermoplastic resin from mm The dye is preceded by step (B) jrj ΓΟ 0. 067 Os ss Ό About trapezoidal Example 4 Isosceles trapezoidal CO § b m 热塑性 Thermoplastic resin No resin (pig only) Pigment Step (B) first 1 iTi m jn inch 0. 089 as 〇〇 00 S About trapezoidal Example 3 Isosceles trapezoidal m v〇 F-H TOPAS Thermoplastic resin UV curable resin Pigment Step (B) first Step (C) Vi m o 0. 125 VO 00 00 ν 〇 about trapezoidal example 2 Isosceles trapezoidal mv £> TOPAS thermoplastic resin UV curable resin pigment with step (B) as the first step (C) before ^T) m ο VO oo g ο 约Triangle Example 1 Isosceles trapezoid in m Ό m TOPAS thermoplastic resin ip lim ii pigment with step (C) as the first 1 *Ti Ui 0. 167 v〇00 00 ν〇 About the cross-sectional shape of the trapezoidal convex portion The pitch of the convex portion (μπ〇 the height of the convex portion (μπΟ the width of the convex portion (upper part) (μπΟ the width of the convex portion (bottom) (μπ〇 resin sheet Material gate material shading composition type Step (B) and step (C) sequence UV curing timing p (μιη) Η (μιη) W (μιη) W/H aperture ratio (%) total light transmittance (%) fog Degree (%) Viewing angle (deg) Φ N Cold·Ν 3雔IS Remarks 1 side 1 imM-shed 7Τ — 0 inch — s 201207439 CN嗽Comparative example 3 Isosceles trapezoid | ο in 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Cannot make mold Comparative example 2 Isosceles trapezoidal m νο 卜 m UV curable resin UV curable resin pigment without step (C) iTi V) VO F"H ΓΝΪ ο νο JQ οο Destroy comparison example 1 Isosceles trapezoid ο Η 00 UV curable resin UV curable resin pigment without step (C) 1 g ο Ψ Η 0,182 ν〇inch s Cross-sectional shape of the groove / section of the convex part Pitch of the groove / pitch of the convex part (μπι The depth of the groove / the height of the convex part (μιη) Degree (bottom) / width of the convex portion (upper portion) (μιη) width of the groove (upper portion) / width of the convex portion (bottom) (μιη) material barrier material of the resin sheet material shading component type step (B) and step (C) Sequence of ultraviolet curing in order Ρ (μπι) Η (μιη) W ( μιη) W/H aperture ratio (%) total light transmittance (%) haze (%) viewing angle (deg) is not supplemented by gate material Part of the groove shape notes nr 1 Ί天形形片。 芨辁N 绘 贼 _-N (N匡镒汜, 一冕镒qq 201207439 [Industrial use possibility] The present invention is on the display or screen It is technically useful to manufacture a viewing angle control sheet, a diffusion control sheet, a comparative improvement sheet, and the like. [Simplified Schematic] FIGS. 1(a) to (C) are the grid sheets of the present invention. Schematic perspective view and schematic cross-sectional view. Fig. 2 (a) to (d) are schematic views showing the steps of forming a groove on the surface of the resin sheet. Fig. 3 (a) to (c) are shown in the groove forming. Schematic diagram of the steps of refilling the gate material of the resin sheet. Figure 4 (a) ~ (f) for the display will FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the grid sheet of Example 3, which is a step of pressing the resin sheet of the sluice gate material in the thickness direction to deform the resin sheet. Fig. 6 (a) and (b) are comparative examples. A schematic diagram of a manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a grid. Fig. 7 (a) and (b) are schematic cross-sectional views showing a portion of the grid which is not filled with the trench material. Fig. 8 is a schematic enlarged view for explaining the gate portions of p, W, and Η. [Main component symbol description] 1 Grid 2 Reticulated resin sheet 3 forming a groove - 42 - 201207439 4 Surface of the grid 5 Pattern mold 6 Resin sheet before forming the groove 8 Groove 9 Mirror roll 1 10 Gate material 11 Resin sheet 12 for filling the grid material 13, 14 boundary line between the side wall of the grid portion and the groove 15 The portion of the groove of the resin sheet which is not filled with the material of the ship W and the boundary line 17 of the gate portion are connected to the surface of the resin sheet Line 2 1 ~ 24 Temperature adjustment plate 30 Grooved mold roll 3 1 Groove 32 Resin for f* //Ui' Device 3 3 Scraper 34 PET film 3 5 Roll 3 6 UV ray j\w Shooting device 1 3 7 Return roller 3 8 Mirror roller 2 3 9 Mirror roller 3 -43- 201207439 40 Resin supply unit 4 1 Ultraviolet irradiation unit 2 42 Coil roller P groove pitch 栅 Barrel width W Width of the gate Degree -44-