TW201202630A - Through-port oxy-fuel burner - Google Patents

Abstract

A fluid-cooled through-port oxy-fuel burner for converting an air-fuel regenerator port from air-fuel combustion to oxy-fuel combustion and an associated furnace and method. The oxy-fuel burner is suitable for installing through a regenerator port neck. The burner has an elbow-like bend to accommodate the geometry of the regenerator port neck. The burner has a cooling fluid jacket, a fuel conduit, a first oxidant conduit, and optionally an oxidant staging conduit.

Description

201202630 • VI. Description of the Invention: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an oxygen-fuel burner for use in a kiln furnace (for example, a glass kiln). [Prior Art] A regenerative glass kiln ignited by air fuel is well known. The regenerative glass kiln has multiple air fuel accumulators for generating a combustion flame for melting the glass. Various reference materials describe the basic design features of glass smoked, for example, by Wolfgang Trier, translated by k. L. Loewenstein. Glass Furnaces, Design Construction and

Operation''' Society of Glass Technology, Snow, Earl, UK, 2000, and "The η buckle db〇〇k Glass Manufacture", edited by Fay To〇ley, 3rd edition, Volumes i and 2 , Ashlee pub Ushing, Inc. (New York), pp. 984, incorporated herein by reference. The conversion of one or more regenerators to oxygen-fuel ignition may require the furnace to be refurbished into a mixing furnace, such as that described in U.S. Patent No. 6,519,973, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. Terminating air fuel ignition and replacing energy input with oxygen_fuel point combustion is challenging. Because the furnace was originally designed as an air fuel furnace, it was difficult to find a suitable location for the installation of an oxy-fuel burner. There is a neck portion that has been used to set up the oxy-fuel burner at the top of the heat accumulator. The back of the crucible can be blocked or obstructed to limit or prevent hot air from flowing from the accumulator into the crucible. A hole can be made in the top, bottom or side of the 201202630 part for the oxy-fuel burner. The oxy-fuel burner is then passed through the hole and inserted into the neck portion. The oxygen fuel burner must be designed to inject fuel and oxygen into the combustion space of the furnace. This requires that the burner have an elbow or elbow to change the flow of the fuel and oxidant. A problem with establishing a burner through the neck is that the hole size for inserting the burner is small in order to maintain the structural integrity of the neck. When the burner is set up through a hole in the top or bottom of the neck of the heat accumulator, the burner will have a substantially vertical section through which the fuel and oxygen are delivered and inject the fuel and oxygen into the burner. A generally horizontal section of the glass smoked combustion space, and an elbow section between the generally vertical section and the generally horizontal section. When the burner is set up through the side wall of the regenerator jaw neck, the burner may have two generally horizontal sections and an elbow section between the two substantially horizontal sections. A problem associated with oxy-fuel combustion in the neck of the heat storage is that the oxygen fuel burner must bring the injection nozzle close to the elbow section, and the financial section must be sharply or significantly changed near the injection nozzle. Flow direction. The space limitation in (4) the heat storage material causes a problem that the long horizontal section forms an end in the injection nozzle in the crucible. Furthermore, the problem of the long horizontal section forming the end in the injection nozzle is because it is necessary to cut a large hole in the wall of the crucible which may impact the structural steel surrounding the crucible. A sharp or significant change in the direction of flow near the point where the nozzle is injected causes a high pressure drop and disturbs the flow leaving the nozzle. The disturbance causes rapid mixing and subsequent combustion close to the nozzle, resulting in a short flame. Since the nozzle is overheated, when the burner is used as a through-burner, the refractory in the neck is overheated, and it is not desirable to approach the combustion of the nozzle. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to a burner suitable for utilizing a heat accumulator to ignite an air fuel to oxy-fuel ignition while solving the aforementioned problems. The present invention also relates to a furnace having the burner and a method of heating the furnace using the burner. This method can be used during regenerator repair to extend the furnace's life' and/or increase the production rate of existing furnaces. The burner includes a first cooling fluid jacket having an outer equivalent diameter, D, a first oxidant conduit disposed in a fixed spaced relationship with the first cooling fluid jacket and disposed substantially concentrically therein, and a fuel conduit. The first oxidant conduit has an inlet, a first portion downstream of the inlet of the first oxidant conduit, a curved portion downstream of the first portion of the first oxidant conduit, and a first portion downstream of the curved portion of the first oxidant conduit - a part. The curved portion has 45. To 12 baht. The corner, a, the corner, &, can be 60. To 11 baht. . The second portion of the first oxidant conduit forms an end at the outlet end and has an organic moving shaft and length, L. The second portion can have a circular cross section. The fuel conduit has an inlet, a first portion downstream of the inlet, and a::: the first portion of the fuel conduit is in fixed spaced relationship with the P-th position of the first deuterating agent conduit and is substantially concentrically disposed In the fuel guide camp &, the fiber 1 '4 position is fixedly spaced from the curved portion of the sulphide oxidant conduit and is disposed concentrically within the body. The second 201202630 portion of the fuel conduit is The outlet end forms a tip and has a flow port. The second portion of the fuel conduit is in fixed spaced relationship with the second portion of the first oxidant conduit and is disposed substantially concentrically therein. The second portion may have a circular cross section. The flow axis of the second portion & of the first oxidant conduit may be straight and may be substantially parallel or substantially coincident with the flow axis of the second portion of the fuel (four) tube. Forming or defining an oxidant passage between the second portion of the fuel conduit and the second # position of the first oxidant conduit. The oxidant passage has an inlet section, downstream of the U.S. The crossing section and the σ section downstream of the transition section. The interview, the mu of the slave has a cross-sectional area, Ai, and the exit section has a cross-sectional area, A0. "于〇.8 to 7 or between u and 7 And the second portion of the oxidant passage between the third portion of the oxidant passage has a convex inner surface. The second portion of the conduit defines a fuel passage, wherein the combustion The passage has an inlet port section, a transition section downstream of the inlet section, and an outlet section downstream of the second section of the fuel conduit having a cross-sectional area, A « fl ' and the fuel conduit The exit section of the second portion has a singular area, Af, 甘七$°, and may be between 1.0 and 5 or between 1.37 and 5 ° ^. The second portion of the conduit is in the transition section of the oxidant passage. Concave Appearance®. 201202630 = The second portion of the material guide may have a transition surface inner surface and a convex inner surface at the fuel passage, wherein the convex surface of the fuel conduit is downstream of the concave inner surface of the fuel conduit From the fuel outlet of the second end of the second-part of the oxidant conduit The first portion of the tube projects from 0.2 cm to 3 cm. The burner may additionally include a second oxidant conduit in fixed spaced relationship with the second portion of the first oxidant conduit. The first oxidant conduit may be contoured with the first cooling fluid jacket a fixed spacing relationship and disposed substantially concentrically therein. The burner may additionally include a first-cold portion fluid jacket 'and the second oxidant conduit may be in a fixed spaced relationship with the second cooling fluid jacket and configured substantially concentrically The second oxidant conduit may have an inlet, a first portion downstream of the inlet of the second oxidant conduit, a curved portion downstream of the first portion of the second oxidant conduit, and a bend at the second oxidant conduit The second part downstream of the part. The curved portion of the 5th second oxidant conduit has an angle β, which is 15 at the corner a. a second portion of the second oxidant conduit forming a tip in the nozzle and having a flow axis, the second portion of the second oxidant conduit The second portion of the first oxidant conduit is in a fixed interval relationship 0. The angle is within the range of 2, 〇 of the angle, and the flow axis of the second portion of the first oxidant conduit may be substantially parallel to a flow axis of the second portion of the first oxidant conduit. 201202630 ° Hai nozzle has - inlet and one outlet. The outlet end of the second portion of the first oxidant conduit can be 0.2 cmi 3 cm from the nozzle outlet of the second portion of the second oxidant conduit. The inlet may have a circular cross section and a cross section, Ani, and the outlet has a non-circular cross section and a wearing area, An. Wherein the outlet of the nozzle has an aspect ratio of 15 to 5. The nozzle of the second oxidant conduit may have a convergence height and a divergence width of between 125 and 5 。. The nozzle of the second oxidant conduit has a concave surface transition between the circular cross section and the non-circular carrier surface. The furnace includes a heat accumulator, a furnace combustion chamber, and a regenerator crucible that connects the regenerator to the combustion chamber of the furnace, the regenerator neck having an opening in the wall of the furnace. The furnace also contains a burner of the character described above. The burner passes through the mast of the heat gun and enters the crucible, and the burner is configured to direct fuel and oxidant through the crucible opening and into the furnace. The furnace also includes a melting tank basin disposed below the combustion chamber of the furnace and adjacent to the combustion chamber of the furnace, a glass forming component introduced into the filling end of the processing tank, and a glass product removed from the melting tank. Discharge end. The furnace also contains an exhaust gas enthalpy in one of the walls of the furnace for extracting combustion products from the combustion chamber of the furnace. In a specific embodiment, the second oxidant conduit passes through the wall of the furnace below the opening of the crucible and is configured to introduce an oxidant into the furnace 201202630. The method of heating the furnace comprises: blocking the rolling " L to the crucible, terminating the combustion flow to the air fuel wall associated with the crucible, "the burner is set up so that the burner passes through the accumulator neck and retreats into the crucible Cooling agent passes through the first cooling fluid jacket and, if present, passes through the second cooling fluid jacket 'through the first oxidant conduit to introduce the first oxidant gas into the furnace, and through the fuel conduit the fuel or another The fuel is introduced into the furnace, the first oxidant gas is burned to burn the fuel or another fuel to form a combustion product, and the combustion product is taken out from the combustion chamber of the β-furnace through the exhaust gas. A stoichiometric amount of air required to combust the fuel through the burner in an amount greater than 5% to less than or equal to 25% may be included to continuously flow through the crucible. The method may additionally comprise The first oxidant gas or the second oxidant gas is introduced into the furnace through a second oxidant conduit to combust the fuel or another fuel. [Embodiment] When applied to a specific embodiment of the invention described in the specification and the claims The use of the article "-" in the text means - or more. The application of "a" does not limit the meaning of a single feature unless explicitly stated. The article "in the singular or plural noun or noun phrase" means a specially-specified feature and may have a singular or plural meaning depending on the context to which it applies. The adjective ''any, meaning does not distinguish anything 201202630 One, some or all of the number of objects. The phrase "at least a part, means "some or all". Detailed descriptions of well-known devices, circuits, and methods are omitted for the purpose of simplification and clarity so as not to obscure the description and the unnecessary details of the invention. The present invention relates to a burner. More specifically, the present invention relates to an oxy-fuel burner ignited by oxy-fuel ignition of an alternative air fuel in a glass kiln having an air fuel regenerator crucible. The burner is particularly suitable for at least partially converting a regenerator crucible from air fuel ignition to oxy-fuel ignition. Due to the geometry of the glass crucible accumulator crucible, the burner used for this conversion requires a sharp or significant change in flow = direction near the injection nozzle. In the event that the associated heat engine must be repaired, the heat accumulator 暂时 can be temporarily converted from ignited air fuel to oxy-fuel ignited. The heat accumulator can be converted to a more permanent basis to oxidize the fuel to obtain the benefits of oxygen and fuel benefits. Several of the crucibles closest to the end of the glass cold can be converted to oxy-fuel ignition to improve batch melting by the oxygen-fuel flames. Referring now to the drawings in which like reference numerals in the drawings The heat accumulator 皡 neck i 0 5 and a burner 3丨〇1 ' established in the neck of the regenerator. The burners 1 and 101 comprise a first cooling fluid jacket, a first agent conduit 20 and a fuel conduit 4°. The first cooling fluid jacket 10: has: the outer equivalent diameter 'D' is equal to the outer diameter in the case of a circular cross section and is not 10 201202630. The circular wearing surface is equal to 2 times the outer sectional area of the outer casing except for the outer circumference. long. The first oxidant conduit 20 is disposed in a fixed spaced relationship with the first cooling fluid jacket 1 而且 and disposed substantially concentrically therein, and the fuel conduit 牝 is fixedly spaced from the first oxidized (four) f 20 1 and substantially concentrically Configured in it. Substantially concentric means that the axis of one catheter is common or slightly displaced by up to 2 cm from the axis of the other catheter. The cooling fluid jacket is an outer envelope or sleeve, such as an envelope enclosing the intermediate space through which temperature control fluid can circulate. The flow cooling fluid can be water. Cooling fluid jackets (e.g., water-cooled jackets) are well known in the art of burners and combustion. The details of the design of the cooling fluid jacket are not critical to the invention. Those skilled in the art can readily select and/or modify suitable cooling fluid jacket designs from those well known in the art. 5 Xuan first cooling fluid jacket must prevent the burner from overheating. When the burner is inserted into a glass crucible accumulator, heat from the furnace will be radiated to the outer surface of the 3 burner. When the burner is running, the flame from the burner will be radiated back to the burner. Water or other cooling fluid is introduced into the inlet L1 of the first cold portion fluid jacket 10 and flows around the first oxidant conduit 2, including the region around the fuel and oxidant discharge end. The water or other cooling fluid is withdrawn from the outlet 13 of the first cooling fluid jacket 10. As used herein, a catheter is any device used to transport fluids, for example, a delivery tube, tubule or tube. The first cooling fluid jacket 1 , the first oxidant conduit 20 and the fuel conduit 4 are made of metal, which is more stainless steel. It is well known that those skilled in the art can easily select materials suitable for constructing the burning fuel. The sulphide conduit is a conduit intended for the supply of oxidant gas and the singer to the deer. The oxidant gas is any containing more than 21, sister w /. Oxygen gas. The industrial grade oxygen having an oxygen concentration of 80% by volume to 1% by volume is: The chemical gas 'is a gaseous discharge from the nitrogen device&, so there are 60% to 8% by volume of oxygen by 2 concentration. Can oxidants also be used? a mixture of oxygen with an industrial or effluent stream having an oxygen concentration between 22% and 28% by volume or between 28%: 9%. The oxygen: agent conduit can be designed to be utilized and industrially Grade oxygen-compatible material: transports industrial grade oxygen. Month], the fuel conduit is the conduit for the intended delivery of fuel. Connect the fuel conduit to your feed source. The fuel can be a gaseous fuel, for example, a gas shortage. : or other gaseous hydrocarbons, gas, carbon monoxide or a combination thereof. Or the fuel? is a liquid 'for example, No. 1 distillate. ^ ^, now distillate, 2 distillate fuel oil, diesel fuel , biodiesel and its by-products ((7) such as glycerin), kerosene, No. 4 fuel oil No. 5 residual oil, No. 6 residual bucket n ^ grave burning oil, fuel depot - C type fuel oil and its payment It is familiar with the skilled person, and the liquid fuel can be atomized by any of a number of conventional devices known in the art: x 1 chemical conduit 20 has been used for receiving The inlet of the oxidant gas ... at the first portion 23 downstream of the inlet 21, downstream of the first portion 23 The curved portion 25 and the second portion downstream of the 4th 25th position of the current song, the oxidant gas can be industrial grade oxygen. The upstream and downstream are relative to

The fluid flow, for example, the fuel or gasification agent, is defined. Above @A upstream, at the end closest to the inlet, fluid is introduced into the device at 12 201202630, and the downstream end is closest to the outlet or nozzle end where the fluid exits the device. The inlet 21 may include a quick disconnect accessory or other accessory suitable for inspecting the supply of oxidant gas to the burner. The first portion 23 can have a circular cross section. The first portion 23 can also have a spacer to ensure concentric properties between the first portion of the first oxidant conduit and the first portion of the fuel conduit. The curved portion 25 has 45. To U0. The corner, a. The angle, a, can range from 60° to 11 〇. . This angle is defined as the compensation angle of the angle. The angle is less than 180. Is the angle defined between the straight segment defined at the first portion of the catheter and the straight segment of the second portion of the catheter. The angle of the first oxidant conduit is an angle defined between a straight segment defined by the first portion of the first oxidant conduit and a straight segment of the second portion of the first oxidant conduit. The angle shown in Figs. 1 and 2, a, is the compensation angle with respect to the angle of the first oxidant conduit. 0. The angle of the bend is equivalent to no bending, that is, straight.丨8〇. The bend angle corresponds to "U-shape, bend. The bend in the bend portion 25 can be smooth, having a radius as shown in Figure 2 or 'as shown in Figure 1," the bend can have an acute angle. The second portion 27 of the first oxidant conduit 2 is formed at the outlet end 29 and has a flow axis 22 and a length L. The second portion 27 can have a ~ circular cross section. The flow axis corresponds to the cross section through the conduit The geometric direction of the center of the flow direction of the line 'where the sections are in a plane perpendicular to the line. The 4 axis of motion may comprise a curve. With respect to this burner, at least a section of the flow axis 13 201202630 is a straight line segment. For the purposes of this disclosure, the first length and L of the first oxidant conduit correspond to a straight line segment of the flow axis between the curved portion and the outlet end shown in Figures 1 and 2. The L, conduit 4Q Having a person σ 4 1 for receiving fuel, a first portion 43 downstream of the inlet 41, a curved portion μ, and a second portion π. ^ 41 may include a quick disconnect attachment or other suitable for inspection for supply. Oxidizer gas supply As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the first portion 43 of the fuel conduit 4 is disposed in a fixed spaced relationship with the first portion 23 of the first oxidant conduit 2A, and is disposed substantially concentrically therein. The ridge portion Μ is disposed in a solid-column relationship with the arm-shaped portion 2S 3 *** IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT IT The f curve may be flat. It has a radius ' as shown in Fig. 2 or has an acute angle as shown in Fig. 1. The curved portion 45 is compatible with the far odd curvature portion 25. The first oxidant conduit 20 The second portion 27 forms a tip at the outlet end 29 and has a -flow axis 22 and a length, 1. The second portion π can have a circular cross section. The β first σρ position 47 forms a beam end at the outlet end 49 and has a The flow shaft 42. The second portion 47 is disposed in a fixed spaced relationship with the first finger 27 of the first oxidant conduit 而且 and is disposed substantially concentrically therein. The second portion 47 can have a circular cross section. The second portion 47 of the fuel conduit can be associated with the first oxidant conduit 14 201202630 - the second portion 27 is concentric such that both the flow axis 42 and the flow axis 22 are straight and substantially parallel or substantially coincident. The flow axis 42 and the flow axis 22 are coincident in Figure 1. The phrase "parallel" means Extending in the same direction, no matter where they are equal and not meeting. Regarding the flow axis 22 and the flow axis 42, substantially parallel means a maximum separation distance deviation of 2 cm. The wording overlaps to occupy the same space or position. With respect to the flow shaft 22 and the flow shaft 42, substantially coincident means a weight ratio within the range of 2. Between the second portion 47 of the fuel conduit 40 and the second portion 27 of the first oxidant conduit 20 Form or define the oxidant channel 5〇. The oxidant passage 50 has an inlet section 5i, a transition section 53 downstream of the inlet section 5丨, and an outlet section 55 downstream of the transition section 53. The inlet section 51 has a cross-sectional area, A, and the outlet section 55 has a cross-sectional area, A. . The area to be worn when designing the oxidant gas flow rate, A. Designed to provide an oxidant gas velocity of from about 3 〇 m/sec to about 150 m/s. The sharp or significant change in the flow direction of the first oxidant near the injection nozzle can be described by the relationship between the length of the first cooling fluid jacket and the amount of the external field. It is desirable for us to maximize the ratio L/D to minimize the uniformity of the first oxidant velocity profile at the injection nozzle, since velocity non-uniformity is the main cause of accelerated picking near the injection nozzle, It may result in excessive flame temperatures and, therefore, damage or malfunction. However, a short length is required in the limited space that can be achieved in order to fit the burner assembly into a glass smoked heat accumulator. Estimate 15 201202630 The maximum allowable l/d based on available space is 7.〇. One solution to achieve an acceptable flow profile with a short L/D is to place a static mixing device in the second portion t of the first oxidant passage. The static mixing device is a static obstruction placed in the flow field that is capable of locally increasing the flow mixing and diffusion of the flow, and is substantially redistributed by the dissipation of static pressure. A common example of a static mixing device is a perforated plate; that is, a plate that breaks the motorized section, the plate containing a plurality of small holes that traverse the plate, and the flow must pass through the plate. Unfortunately, the dissipation of static pressure and the generation of turbulent mixing/diffusion are both undesired flow characteristics in this case. First, increasing the degree of inertness of the oxidant stream results in a more rapid encounter between the oxidant and the fuel, which causes problems with excessive flame temperatures near the burner nozzle to deteriorate. Second, the dissipation of static pressure results in a higher supply pressure requirement for the oxidant. In some cases, this higher supply pressure requirement may not be met, but in other cases it was established because of the need to set up and operate one or more gas compressors to increase considerable capital and operating costs. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE SAME The burner comprises a second oxidant conduit in a fixed spaced relationship to the first oxidant conduit: 〇.^^7. With regard to a specific embodiment of a burner that does not include the second oxidant conduit: it tends to distribute and straighten the flow of the oxidant, and prevent the oxidant from prematurely mixing with the fuel in the furnace without the aforementioned unwanted The characteristics of the present burner of the static mixing device are such that the cross-sectional area of the oxidant passage 50 to the outlet section 55 is reduced from the inlet section 51 16 201202630. The reduced cross-sectional area of the agent passage is through this transition section 53 to achieve an oxidant flow distribution, which we would like to maximize the inlet to the outlet. However, for the specific first of the exit -

A To increase... it is necessary to increase the size of the inlet cross-sectional area. Since the space available in the heat storage 4 is limited, the actual limit for the value above this ratio is βη .. 1.3<-^<5 About this burner, Α. As shown enlarged in Figures 1, 2 and 3, the first portion 27 of the oxidant conduit can have a convex inner surface in the transition 53 of the oxidant passage 50. As shown enlarged in the mouth, 1, 2 and 3, the first position of the fuel conduit 4 can have a concave outer surface in the transition section 5 of the smear oxidant passage 5 。. These convex and concave curvatures help to straighten the flow of the oxidant so that it aligns with the axis 22 of the first oxidant stream as it approaches the outlet end 29 while reducing the generation and diffusion of the turbulence. The second portion 47 of the helium fuel conduit 40 forms or defines a fuel passage 60. The fuel passage 6G has a population section 61, a transition 63 downstream of the population section 61, and an outlet section 65 downstream of the transition section 63. The fuel conduit is the first. The erected inlet section has a cross-sectional area, Afi, and the outlet section of the #th position of the fuel conduit has a cross-sectional area, Af〇. Similar to the second portion of the first oxidant conduit, tending to straighten the maneuver of the fuel, and preventing the oxidant from mixing with the fuel in the furnace 17 201202630 Accelerating turbulent IL characteristic of the burner is reduced from the inlet The cross-sectional area of the fuel passage 60 from section 61 to the outlet section 65. In order to improve the fuel flow distribution, we want to maximize the proportion of the entrance to the outlet. However, the specific fuel speed at the exit is increased by a factor of eight. It is necessary to increase the size of the inlet cross-sectional area. Due to the limited space available in the regenerator crucible, the practical limit for the value above this ratio is ~ equal to five. About this burning 〇 1.0<-^-<5 1.37<A.<5, , or . The cross-sectional area, Af, is based on the expected ignition rate (i.e., fuel flow rate). Designed to provide fuel velocities from about .25 m/s to about 150 m/s. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the second portion 47 of the fuel conduit 4 can have a concave inner surface and a convex inner surface in the transition portion of the fuel passage 60, wherein the convex inner surface is The geometry of the downstream of the concave inner surface of the fuel conduit 6〇 helps to facilitate realignment of the flow at the inner surface of the fuel passage with the flow shaft 42 while minimizing thirst generation and diffusion in the fuel flow. Chemical. By minimizing the flow of the first oxidant and fuel along their respective axes while simultaneously minimizing the generation and diffusion of the disturbance, these characteristics will reduce the mixing rate as the fuel and oxidant are discharged into the furnace. As previously mentioned, this is important to prevent high temperature damage caused by short metal/fuel flames in the metal components of the burner. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the outlet end 29 of the second portion 27 of the oxidant conduit 2 is larger from the outlet end 18 201202630 of the second portion 47 of the fuel conduit 4, and the outlet end 29 is accessible from the outlet. End 49 protrudes from 0.2 cm to 3 em. X Out & 4 突出 protrudes or extends outward from the surrounding surface or surrounding environment. The outlet end 49 of the S-fuel conduit 40 is recessed from the outlet end 29 of the oxidant conduit 20 to prevent the outlet end 49 from being exposed to radiation from the burner and the high temperature environment of the glass kiln. The oxidant conduit 2 including the oxidant conduit outlet end 29 is cooled by circulating through the first cooling fluid jacket 1 冷却 cooling fluid. On the other hand, the fuel conduit 40 is cooled by maneuvering through the oxidant passage. By recessing the outlet end 49, the outlet end 49 will be exposed to less heat radiation and overheating can be avoided. In the case where there are too many outlet ends 49, the fuel and oxidant may react within the combustor causing damage to the combustor due to overheating of the oxidizer conduit 1 causing the outlet end 29 to protrude from the outlet end 49. 2 coffee to 3 coffee is provided at the outlet end of the shield 4 ... hot shots and mix the fuel and the proper balance between. The igniter may also include oxidant classification. The grading of the oxidizing agent in the present disclosure means that a portion of the combustion is retained from the first oxidant stream so that it can be delivered at a later stage of the combustion of the fuel. As shown in Figure 1, the grading nozzle can be placed. The burner in the regenerator bee...not

Said material, and / or as shown in Figure 2, the graded nozzle can be in the separate part of the I animal heat, the so-called underarm nozzle. It has been found that sputum grading provides a means of adjusting the flame in the furnace. The temperature division reduces the oxygen level of the oxygen to the peak temperature of the oxygen/fuel flame. |The risk of damage to the burner. This peak is reduced and the rate of mixing of the feedstock and oxidant is also reduced. Reducing the fuel and oxidant mixing rate will slow the combustion process, thereby resulting in a longer flame, which is more desirable. Furthermore, the classification creates a fuel-rich or oxygen-poor combustion zone within the flame. The fuel-rich zone promotes the formation of carbon-rich solids (oily fumes) that promote radiant heat transfer from the flame to the glass melt and also result in lower NOx emissions. However, the degree of grading has a practical limit that can be used safely and effectively. This limit is often set by the momentum of the flame, which decreases the momentum of the flame as the fractionated oxygen increases. If the momentum of the flame is too low, the flame will become unstable in the furnace and 〆 y can, for example, rise up toward the top of the furnace where it may damage the roof refractory. The graded oxygen configuration and orientation also affects the flame from the burner. The graded oxidant introduced directly below the first oxidant/fuel nozzle has suitable characteristics. For example, the graded oxidant introduced at this location is mixed with the combustion of the shellfish just downstream of the burner nozzle and is thus substantially not diluted by the flue gas. Furthermore, 扃μ grading at this location effectively enhances the discriminating of the portion of the primary fuel burner flame. Produced by A A bucket ·.,, 麂. The extension causes the radiant energy from the flame to preferentially be directed downstream to the glass 仏 跋塥 ,, rather than upward toward the top. If it is involved in heating the crucible, the 埠 φ 八 &amp;&amp; + mid-scale nozzle may guide the bee downstream, where the surface is provided, the person, and – the cold section. Alternatively, if the burner nozzle is not enough to be accommodated in the crucible, the oxygen nozzle is disposed at the B-stage J, for example, in the Below the surface but the glass melt surface.疋 于 于 于 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 Excessive heating and elasticity of pollutant emissions (eg N〇x). The experiment was carried out in a single-tank test furnace. The experimental results confirmed the substantial effect of the amount and position of the oxidant classification on heat transfer, temperature and roof temperature. Figure 5 indicates that 80% of the sulphur sulphur grading ratio is "not graded, and 8 〇%: the lower grading case can achieve a much larger heat flux and the bottom of the furnace. Although a data provides a representative trend, the optimal oxidizer grading and location is best determined by the particular furnace geometry and operating conditions. As shown in Fig. 2, the burner may include a bee oxidant grading nozzle 9 〇 ' placed in a fixed spaced relationship with the second portion 27 of the first oxidant conduit 20. The oxidant grading nozzle is used to direct the oxidant stream under the flame. The flame is generated by introducing fuel and oxidant from the fuel conduit 4G and the first oxidant conduit 20, respectively. The oxidant grading spray f 9G 4 has a population for receiving the first oxidant gas or the second oxidant, and the first oxidant gas and the first oxidant gas may be industrials from the same or different sources. The level of 1 may include a quick disconnect attachment or other attachment </ RTI> suitable for inspecting the oxidant gas supply to the oxidant grading nozzle tube 90, the underlying oxidizing agent grading, and ε 90 It may not be necessary to cool the fluid outside: 'The oxidant gas flow of the lower grading nozzle may be kept under the oxidizing agent grading nozzle. Was introduced into the 蟫

The oxidant gas of Ltr 9G is generally the same as the oxidant gas introduced by the first oxidant, for example, industrial grade 21 201202630 milk. However, the oxidation of the knives and the squirt nozzles may be different from the oxidant gas introduced into the first oxidant conduit. The combustion benefit may include the oxidant in the bismuth of FIG. The catheter 80, the fourth portion of the second portion 27 of the sputum sulphate catheter 8 sputum catheter 20 is placed in a spaced relationship relationship with the dialysis-oxidation to solid sputum. The oxidant stream under the flame is because the oxidant grading nozzle of the crucible is located in the regenerator trap and must be cooled. The second oxidant conduit 8 is coupled to the first cooling fluid jacket 10 or as shown in FIG. Any of the whistle-, human, and Italian-cold fluid jackets 70 are in a fixed spaced relationship and are disposed substantially concentrically therein. The burner may additionally include any second cooling fluid jacket 7 〇 and any The second cooling fluid outer #7G is in a fixed spaced relationship and is substantially concentrically disposed within the second oxidant conduit 8A. The second cooling fluid jacket 70 can prevent the nozzle of the oxidant nozzle from being (four) flame and The radiation of the furnace Heat is too hot. Water or other cooling fluid is introduced into the inlet 71 of the optional second cooling fluid jacket 70 and flows around the second gasifying agent conduit 80, which includes the area around the oxidant discharge end. The outlet 73 of the second cooling fluid jacket 70 draws water or other cooling fluid. The second oxidant conduit 80 has an inlet 81 for receiving the oxidant gas or second oxidant gas, a first portion 83 downstream of the inlet 81, The curved portion 85 downstream of the first portion 83 and the second portion 87 downstream of the curved portion 85. The first sterilizing agent gas and the second oxidant gas may be industrial grade oxygen from the same or different sources. 201202630

έ海入口 2 1 可 4 -Irr I I Includes quick disconnect attachments or other accessories for the oxidant gas supply of emulsifier nozzles suitable for checking the hydrogen servant supplied to the burner. The first portion ότ Θ f has a circular cross section and can be attached in a tangential manner, for example by welding, to the outer surface of the first portion of the first oxidant nozzle. The P 声 ° ° P bit 8 5 has a corner, β, wherein the ridge angle, β, is within the 15 〇 range of the f angle, a '. The angle, β, can range from 6 【 to [η. . The second portion 87 of the first oxidant conduit 8A can be inclined upward or downward relative to the second portion 27 of the first oxidant conduit 20. Deviation of the second oxidant guide 80 is defined as being between the straight segment of the first 卩 position 8 1 of the second oxidant conduit 80 and the straight segment of the second portion 85 of the second oxidant conduit 8 〇 . The angle, β, is the compensation angle with respect to the angle of the second oxidant conduit. The second portion 87 of the second oxidant conduit 80 forms a stub in the nozzle and has a flow axis 82. The second portion 87 of the second oxidant conduit is in fixed spaced relationship with the second portion 27 of the first oxidant conduit 2G. The optional second cooling fluid jacket 7 and the second oxidant conduit 8 can be welded together or attached as part of the burner assembly.忒 bend angle, β, can be at the corner, a, 2. Within the scope. The flow axis 82 of the second portion 878 of the second oxidant conduit 8A can be substantially parallel to the flow axis 22 of the second portion 27 of the first, oxidant conduit 20. With respect to the flow axis 82 and the flow axis 22, substantially parallel means spaced apart and equidistant within 10% of the maximum separation distance. The 23rd 201202630 outlet end 29 of the portion 27 of the first oxidant conduit 20 can protrude from the outlet 89 of the nozzle. The outlet end 29 can protrude from the outlet 89 by 2 cm to 3 cm. The nozzle of the second oxidant conduit 8〇 can be recessed relative to the outlet hill 2 of the second portion 27 of the first oxidant conduit 20 to enable the first cooling jacket and/or the first oxidant conduit 2 The nozzle is shielded from the flame and/or the furnace. As shown in detail in Figures 1 and 4, the nozzle of the second oxidant conduit chalking second portion 87 has an inlet 88, a transition section and an outlet 89. The = port 88 can have a circular cross section and a cross-sectional area, Αη;, and the exit pupil = a non-circular cross section and a cross-sectional area, An. . The outlet 89 of the nozzle may have a width to height ("w" to "") ratio of 1 $ to 5. For the purposes of this disclosure, 1 measures the width and height of the outlet 89 at the discharge face of the nozzle. Ratio. Width has a larger size.

An About this nozzle 乂 can be i.25 to 5. The area ratio greater than the specified lower limit is indispensable for minimizing the uneven flow of the oxidant at the nozzle outlet. The oxidant flow non-uniformity will flow from the knife or the reverse direction, nozzle rot #, blockage and premature failure . &quot; The horse has avoided the second emulsifier speed or the unacceptable _ large- oxidant conduit needs an area ratio smaller than the upper limit. · The 忒 nozzle can have a convergence height - ^ ^ ... and a divergence width. This convergence height contributes to the reduction of the cross-sectional area, which is necessary for the &amp; production of the ancient Ε 、, ‘, 々丨L movement separation. The divergence width asks for the width of the exposed secondary stream. β 匕 3 第一 The first oxidant and the fuel produce a wider flame. This will increase the uniformity of ΠΓ ^ ^ ΑΑ ΧΛ. under the sizing agent and under the flame. The second portion of the second hole G just 80, 87 24 201202630', may have a convex inner surface near the sig exit 89. The convex inner surface enables the discharge stream to be rapidly and smoothly converted into a direction parallel to the main flow axis 82. The divergence half angle of the width can be 5. To 15. . Nozzles are often referred to as "convergent" (as the flow direction is reduced from a width to a smaller size) or "diverge", (from a smaller dimension to a larger dimension depending on the direction of flow). The de Laval nozzle has a converging section followed by a diverging section and is often referred to as a converging-diverging nozzle. The converging nozzle accelerates the subsonic fluid. If the nozzle pressure ratio is high enough, the flow will reach a subsonic speed at the narrowest point (i.e., the nozzle throat). In this case, the nozzle is referred to as "blocking". The nozzle described herein is different from the lava type nozzle. The nozzle has a divergence width and a convergence height. The lava type nozzle has convergence. The section is followed by the diverging section. The 5 Xuan burner can be inserted into the heat accumulator as shown in Fig. 2. The accumulator must have a hole in the neck to provide a position for inserting the burner. The hole can be cut into the top, bottom (base) or side of the neck. Preferably, the hole is cut at the bottom of the neck. The burner can cut through the bottom of the neck. The aperture is inserted into the crucible, preferably in a substantially vertical orientation as shown in Figure 2. The burner may include a mounting plate 95 that mounts and attaches the burner to the crucible neck. The burner uses the fuel and oxidant The oxygen is discharged into the furnace combustion space in a substantially horizontal plane. The burner can be operated in a variety of ways to control the temperature and heat flux distribution in the glass tank and in the heat accumulator. On the adjustment via 25 201202630 oxygen The distribution reaches a fixed degree of customization, 'its strategic application provides flame length, brightness and stability and can also contribute to the cooling of the crucible surface. The burner can be introduced through the fuel conduit 4 to introduce gaseous fuel through Two or more of the first oxidant gas conduit 20, the oxidant grading nozzle (second oxidant conduit 80), and the underarm oxidant grading nozzle 9 are introduced into one or more oxidant gases to operate. Regarding the furnace _, a part of it is shown in Fig. 2. The silo tube according to the invention shows a burner containing according to item 2, but the burner according to @i can also be used in conjunction with the furnace and is familiar with the art. It is obvious that the description of the burner according to the item i can be adapted. The furnace comprises a heat accumulator 125, a furnace combustion chamber 135 and a regenerator that connects the f-heater 125 to the furnace to burn U5. The neck ι〇5 defines a 埠11〇 and a 埠 opening 115 in the wall 120 of the furnace. The furnace also includes a burner according to the above characteristics. The burner passes through the heat accumulator neck. 1G5 and enter people The 埠丨丨Q, and the burner is configured to introduce fuel and oxidant into the furnace 丨〇〇. The regenerator 埠 neck 105 includes a dome (top), a base (bottom) and a side wall, Often constructed of refractory bricks. The regenerator # neck defines a passage or weir between the heat storage benefit and the opening or opening of the furnace. As used herein, the weir is a passage and has an opening with the opening The heat accumulator is a heat recovery device utilizing regenerative heat transfer and is well known in the art. The details of the heat accumulator can be found in W〇ifgang Trier, translated by K. L. L〇ewenstein, "(7)(10) Furnaces, Design

Construction and Operation55 &gt; Society of Glass Technology . 26 201202630 Xue Fei Er 'British, 2000' and by The FayT〇〇ley (editor)

Handbook of Glass Manufacture", 3rd edition, Volumes 1 and 2, Ashlee

Founded in Publishing Company (New York), 1984. As used herein, the regenerator jaw neck is any conduit that is used or previously used to transfer combustion air from the accumulator to the combustion space in the furnace. The furnace can include a burner that includes any or all of the characteristics described above with respect to the burner. In one embodiment, as shown in Figure ,, a sputum staged nozzle can be used in the furnace. In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, a conduit 9 is passed through the furnace wall 120 below the crucible opening 115 and is configured to introduce the oxidant into the furnace. The conduit 90 is a submerged oxidant grading nozzle. If the t-channel drawn from the nozzle is intersected with the raft, the conduit is "below", vertically. It means completely straight up or down. The furnace can include sulphur grading at the same time. a nozzle and a submerged oxidant grading nozzle. The furnace also includes a sub-chamber and is adjacent to the combustion chamber of the furnace.

The heat of the burning flame is melted. The sump basin and the combustion of the cabin by the furnace. The molten glass flows from the filling end to the discharge 丨乍 as a product. The taken-out molten glass is subjected to the end and taken out from the furnace as a product to operate to form the glass into a glass-like product. , fiberglass, container or other Greek 27 201202630 The furnace also contains an exhaust gas enthalpy in the furnace wall to extract combustion products from the furnace combustion chamber. The fuel and the oxidant are introduced into the combustion chamber of the furnace through a burner in the neck of the heat accumulator, and are burned to form a flame and transfer heat to a glass forming component such as 5 kel and molten glass. The combustion products from the reaction of the fuel and the oxidant are removed from the furnace of the furnace through the exhaust enthalpy. The invention also relates to a method of heating a furnace, for example during the period of regenerator repair. After a long period of operation of the furnace, the heat transfer packing or inspection equipment in the heat exchanger may be blocked or deteriorated by the condensed volatiles of the glass crucible. The furnace still has to be heated when the air fuel enthalpy is stopped in order to repair the heat accumulator. It is preferred to provide sufficient heat for maintaining glass production. One such method can also be used to extend the life of the furnace without repairing the degraded regenerator or increasing the production rate of the current furnace. . The above burners can be used in the method of heating the furnace during the repair of the heat accumulator to extend the life of the furnace without repairing the heat accumulator and/or increasing the production rate of the existing furnace. /... The method of the furnace comprises blocking the flow of air to the crucible; terminating the combustion flow to an air fuel burner associated with the crucible; establishing the burner such that the burner passes through the regenerator to the neck and enters the crucible Passing a coolant to the jacket of the cooling body; introducing the first oxidant rolling body into the furnace through the first oxidant conduit; and introducing the fuel or different fuel used during the operation of the previous air fuel to the furnace through the fuel conduit. , § 匕έ also uses the first oxidant gas to burn the selected combustion λ to form a combustion product; and the combustion products are taken out from the combustion chamber of the furnace through an exhaust pipe. 28 201202630 During the regenerator repair, it is necessary to stop the air passing through the portion of the accumulator inspection device assembly so that the degraded inspection device can be removed and an alternative inspection device can be set up. The heat accumulator can be designed as an open box or as a multiple grid. Air flow can be blocked or blocked at the bottom of the heat accumulator. It is also expedient to block or block the flow of air at the upstream end of the heat accumulator. The regenerator jaw neck can be cut or modified to provide a hole for setting up the burner. The hole in the neck of the heat accumulator may be at the bottom or base of the neck of the heat storage device shown in Fig. 2. The hole can also be cut into either side of the reverberatory itchy neck or the vault or top of the neck of the regenerator. The burner can be set up such that the burner passes through the regenerator jaw neck into the crucible. The first oxidant conduit Ίϊ ^ ^ -s , the distance from the outlet end of the phantom to the wall of the soap neck and the distance from any of the neck walls of the fuel conduit can be separated by the exit end of the position The position of the sneaker board 95 is set. The general coolant, preferably water, will overheat when set up by the first cooling during the setting of the burner. The dioxins prevent the burner conduit == and the first oxidant gas will pass through the first oxidizer. The fuel can be used with the first two: it will be introduced into the furnace through the fuel conduit, and the same can be used for the same ... 4 or necessary =, the door is burned. The fuel can be natural gas. The method may additionally comprise introducing the first oxidizer tempering body into the furnace via a permeate gas or a second oxidant gas conduit. The method 4 may additionally include passing a large amount of air through the heat storage enthalpy. The 29 201202630 Air can pass through the heat accumulator or come from another source. The air thus introduced has at least three beneficial effects. First, it cleans the flue gas and the enthalpy of particulate recirculation, thereby minimizing corrosion and accumulated particulates within the crucible. Second, it adds momentum to the flame. Finally, it reduces the amount of oxidant flowing to the burner' which in turn reduces operating costs and slows down the rate of combustion near the burner nozzle. The slower burning rate will generally expand and enhance the bright area of the flame&apos; to increase the radiant heat transfer. Up to 25% of the stoichiometric oxygen demand of the burner can be supplied via the flow of air through the crucible. Part of the oxygen demand is provided by the air passing through the helium, and from 95% to about 75% of the stoichiometric oxidant required for complete combustion of the fuel to the combustor can be by the first oxidant gas and/or The second oxidant gas is supplied. The heat accumulator can be repaired at that time while the burner operates to provide heat to the furnace and to continue glass production. Otherwise the furnace can be operated continuously in this mode without repairing the regenerator until the furnace activity is over. Some limitations regarding the parameter range of the burner are determined by the geometry of the burner and crucible of the regenerative glass kiln (i.e., available space). To help determine other limitations of these ranges, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling is applied in the manner described in the following examples. EXAMPLES The effects of design and operating parameters on the mechanical and thermal phenomena of the burner fluid were modeled using CFD modeling. Figure! The burner and the associated second oxidant illustrated in the example are used as a base modelling configuration. Provided in the form 30 201202630 Parameters that change during the period of being modeled, and their respective ranges. Note that although the graded oxidant flow rate, which is the total percentage of the (first plus second) oxidant flow, is not a design parameter for the burner, it is still included in the text because of its variation in this embodiment. Helps to further emphasize the impact of other parameters. Assume that the fuel is natural gas, with its imitation of 100% methane. For practical reasons, only the most significant CFD results are presented. Table 1 Parameters Minimum Maximum burner dimensionless length, L/D 0.8 2.7 A First oxidant flow cross-sectional area ratio; 1.0 1.9 Ar· Fuel flow cross-sectional area ratio; 1.0 1.9 Second oxidant conduit flow cross-sectional area ratio; 1.0 1.55 Graded oxidant flow (% of total oxidant flow) 20% 80% The change in burner dimensionless length 'L/D' by the maximum cross-sectional area ratio of the first oxidant and fuel surface (see Table 1) ). The results are summarized in Figures 6 to 9. For example, the effect of l/D on the peak flame temperature is illustrated in Figure 6. Note that although the trend for this 20% grading case shows that the temperature is gradually and fairly small when L/D is reduced by 31 201202630, but for 80% oxidizer, when l/D is reduced from 2.7 to 1.4, the 80% grading case The peak flame temperature increases by nearly 100 K and then decreases as L/D drops further to 〇·8. Since the peak flame temperature rises less than ι〇〇κ for an L/D of 0.8 to 2.7, and the L/D greater than 2.7 may have a lower peak flame temperature, it is suitable for L/D of 0.8 to 7. . The burner can operate in the L/D range beyond 〇 8 to 7. The administration in Figure 7 involves 80. /. The flame temperature of the graded case is closely monitored, 1 comparing the flame temperature distribution with L/D equal to 0.8, U and 27. The first thing to note is that the peak temperatures of all three cases occur fairly close to the burner nozzle; and the deviation of the peak value may expose the burner metal to high temperature damage. Furthermore, as far as L/D is equal to i 4 and 2.7, the flame temperature is initially increased, and the peak temperature is at the point where the distance from the nozzle exit is close to the peak of the claw, n (five) L/D is equal to Q 8 . The distance from the nozzle outlet is less than 〇2 m, thus further increasing the risk of overheating of the nozzle. It is also interesting to note that the L/D is equal to 0·8@ case. The flame temperature reaches the lower limit immediately after reaching the peak, reaching a local minimum, which is 1615 〇 between the other two cases. These characteristics suggest that a more extreme flame property shift occurs when L/D equals U 〇 _8 than L/D equals 2.7 and 1.4. The explanation of the flame property offset is inferred from Fig. 8 &quot; 〇 the L/D is equal to i 4 and 0 s γ, L | · ', the nozzle exit velocity profile of the column. In particular, although the enthalpy of the combustion/first-oxidant mixture remained substantially unchanged for the second case, the path of the second oxidant 32 201202630 was significantly changed when the L/D was changed. That is, as far as l/d is equal to i 4 A jade, the second oxidant route is substantially parallel to the first oxidant/m. However, when L7D drops to 0.8, the graded oxidant flows, and there is not a sufficient development length in the second oxidant nozzle, which is nearly 4 degrees upward toward the main fire. This results in a rapid convergence between the flame and the second oxidant, which, when combined with a larger amount of the second oxidant (all oxidants @80% as a graded oxidization), produces accelerated mixing near the burner tip The peak temperature is located closer to the nozzle and the subsequent minimum temperature becomes lower than in other cases. The practical effect of these findings is that when the burner contains a second oxidant conduit, the minimum value of L:D should be greater than or equal to 4 However, since the characteristics of the fuel/first oxidant stream are not greatly affected by the change from L/D equal to 14 to 〇8, the minimum value of L/D should be greater when the burner does not contain the second oxidant conduit. Or equal to 〇 8. The effect of L/D on the length of the flame' is illustrated in Figure 9 by the conclusions described in Figures 6 to 8. This graph shows why the reduction resulted in a shortening of the flame, perhaps due to the burner and the staged nozzle The development of the reactant velocity profile in the nozzle is insufficient to cause accelerated mixing. The case of the 80% oxidant classification L/D is between the flame retarding effect of .. and G.8. And can be again attributed to the rapid convergence between the aforementioned primary and secondary nozzle flows. The change in the area ratio of the first oxidant is performed by the dimensionless length of the burners of 0.8 and 1.4, L/D. The flame temperature is sensitive to the first oxidant area ratio. Figure 1 〇 shows that L/D is equal to 1 4 and 2〇% and 8〇% 33 201202630 The oxidant classification is a function of the peak temperature as eight. When the area ratio is &lt;

When 1.9 is reduced to 1.0, the peak temperature of 190 κ is increased by 80%, but the peak temperature of 230 Κ is increased by 20%. Regarding the later case, A s . When the temperature drops from 1.3 to 1. The peak temperature increases steeply. A similar result is obtained for the case where L/D is equal to 0.8 in Fig. i i . As shown in Figure ι, the peak temperature increases sharply when $ drops below 1.3. For all cases the highest A. The peak flame temperature is equal! At 0, the value in the range of 26〇〇 to 265〇 K is reached. A. The other comparisons show the details of the flame temperature distribution for the 8〇°/〇 classification case for the case of ~ equal to 1〇 and 1 9 in Figure 12. The temperature distribution for the second case again shows the characteristic peak near the burner exit. Pay attention to

A How the position of the peak will be from Λ. Equal to 丨9 when leaving the burner nozzle

, A distance of 0.4 m is offset to \ equal to 1.0 from the nozzle nearly 0.2 m. Because of the peak temperature and peak position of the system that defines the relative risk of nozzle overheating

A combination 'so concluded that Λ less than 13 should be avoided. value. The mechanism by which the effect of varying the area ratio of the oxidant changes the flame resistance is disclosed by the method of the first oxidant. In other words, reduce the Α. Improper mismatching of the flow of the first oxidant at the exit of the burner nozzle is provided to create excessive turbulence and shear forces that increase the peak flame temperature and shorten the length of the flame. The way to determine the amount of improperly assigned speed is to calculate the speed deviation' which is defined as the standard deviation of the local velocity obtained from the average of the money surface. According to the definition of the ΒΒ &amp; Μ &amp; ♦ praising, the higher speed deviation is equivalent to a larger degree of unevenness &amp;., _ _ 9 sex, resulting in the fuel and the first oxidant Undesirably high mixing rate. The main table 2 order lists the corresponding first oxidant

A area ratio ~ equals 1.0, 1 3 i··3 and 1.9; L/D is equal to 1.4; 20% graded normalized to average section speed percentage speed deviation. The size of the deviation, 扎τ "area ratio ~ from i 9 to ^ when the first oxidant non-uniformity

Ai doubles. Furthermore, a significant increase in the speed deviation from ζ·1 to 0·0 is relatively small compared to the increase in the speed deviation of '1·3, which is equal to or higher than the area of the first oxidant of 1.3. From 1.9 to the step-by-step indication must be maintained at the ratio Ο35 201202630 Table 2 A First oxidant area ratio speed. Degree deviation (average speed %) 1.0 21.5 1.3 13.9 1.9 10.7 ^fl About the fuel area ratio, Decreasing this parameter to the range of .9 to ^ 像 has a qualitatively similar effect on the peak flame temperature as changing the first oxidant area ratio (to the same range). However, this effect is small in size. For example, for L/D equal to 0 8, the fuel area ratio is reduced from 19 to 1.0 to produce a 70 κ increase in peak flame temperature, while the flame temperature increase from the first oxidant area ratio is the same as .25 〇 (See Figure 11). The lower sensitivity of the flame characteristic to the fuel nozzle area ratio can be traced back to the fact that the fuel nozzle exit velocity profile is not like the first oxidant outlet velocity profile, as compared to the sensitivity to the first oxidant area ratio. It is as sensitive as the area ratio change. As noted in the document in Table 3, the fuel area ratio Α. The fuel velocity deviation at the nozzle outlet equal to 1 〇 and 1.9 is less than half the equivalent value for the first oxidant (see Table 2). A fuel area ratio smaller than ^fi 1 .〇 is not desirable because it tends to be unstable 36 201202630 or the flow separation effect. Therefore, the iCFD model is based on any fuel nozzle surface height equal to 1. It is acceptable in this invention. However, the measurement of the nature of the flames and the observations made during the laboratory prototype R ^ ° did not pass the concave to the convex and the exemplified by the 丨37 and the observations. The profile will improve the burner efficiency step by step--------__ Table 3 ------- Fuel area ratio 4 speed·degree deviation (average speed %) 1.0 — J 9.4 ' 1.9 4.8 — The flow cross-sectional area of the second oxidant conduit is greater than the first oxidant velocity profile exiting the nozzle, which in turn affects both the performance and durability of the burner system. Conditions of interest for the present invention

Ani 1.0= ^/JO = 1 &lt;ς. , γότλ • The CFD benification results confirm the strong influence on the velocity distribution. Figure 13 shows that when the area ratio, t, falls below a value of approximately 1.25, the velocity deviation of the 3 Xuan-Oxidant will increase sharply, as indicated by the slope of the rise in the curve. Although these results imply that the effect on combustion performance is small in this range, the collapse of the nozzle exit velocity profile at an area ratio below this threshold results in a very low exit velocity zone, which is very low. The taxi's velocity zone tends to be unstable and can cause separation or reverse motion. This will increase the risk of spoilage and obstruction of the nozzle and may result in more frequent maintenance and higher failure rates. For its part, the minimum acceptable area ratio I for the second oxidant nozzle of the present invention is 丨25. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 shows a penetrating burner having an arbitrary sulphurizing agent grading nozzle. "Figure 2 shows a through-burner that is built into the neck of a regenerator of a furnace with a submerged oxidant grading nozzle. Figure 3 shows an enlarged schematic view of the discharge end of the first oxidant conduit and the fuel conduit. The oxidant is classified as the enlarged circle of the discharge end of the manifold. ' Figure 5 is a graph showing the normalized heat flux as a function of the distance from the nozzle of the 35 burner in the test furnace. Figure 6 shows the peak flame temperature. A graph of the results of the modeling as a function of the dimensionless nozzle length. Figure 7 is a graph showing the results of the modeling of the flame temperature as a function of the distance from the burner nozzle exit. Figure 8a is derived from the modeled results. Fig. 8b is a velocity contour map derived from the modeled results. The graph is a graph showing the results of the modeling of the flame length as a function of the dimensionless nozzle length. A graph showing the results of modeling as a function of temperature as a ratio of oxygen passage area ratio. Figure 12 is a graph showing the length of the flame as the distance from the exit of the burner nozzle. Figure 13 is a graph showing the results of the modeling of the second oxidant velocity deviation as a function of the area ratio of the second oxidant channel. · [Key element symbol description] Afi inlet section cross-sectional area Af〇 exit Section cross-sectional area Ai Inlet section cross-sectional area A 〇 Exit section cross-sectional area Ani inlet cross-sectional area Ano Exit cross-sectional area a Bend angle of the bend portion β F-angle of the bend portion D First cooling fluid jacket outer equivalent diameter W Nozzle outlet width 喷嘴 Nozzle outlet Height L First cooling fluid jacket length 1 Burner 10 First cooling fluid jacket 13 First cooling fluid jacket outlet 11 First cooling fluid jacket inlet 20 First oxidant conduit 39 201202630 21 For receiving oxidant gas into D 22 Second part flow axis 23 First part 25 Bending part 27 Second part 29 Second part exit. End 40 Fuel duct 41 Inlet for receiving fuel 42 Second part Flow axis 43 First part 45 Bending part 47 Second part 49 second portion outlet end 50 oxidant passage 51 inlet section 53 transition section 55 outlet section 60 Feed channel 61 inlet section 63 transition section 65 outlet section 70 second cooling fluid jacket 71 inlet 73 outlet 80 second oxidant conduit 81 inlet 82 second portion flow axis 83 first portion 85 curved portion 87 second portion 88 nozzle inlet 89 nozzle Outlet 90 埠 oxidizer grading nozzle 91 inlet 95 mounting plate 100 furnace 101 burner 105 regenerator 埠 neck 110 埠 115 埠 opening 120 135 furnace fireplace burning chamber 125 regenerator 40

Claims (1)

201202630 VII. Patent Application Range: 1 . A burner comprising: - a first cooling fluid jacket having an outer equivalent diameter, d; a first oxidant conduit in fixed spaced relation to the first cooling fluid jacket and Substantially concentrically disposed therein, the first oxidant conduit has: σ; a _ site downstream of the inlet of the first oxidant conduit. a f-curved portion downstream of the first portion of the first oxidant conduit, The curved portion of the first oxidant conduit has 45. To 12 baht. a corner, &amp;, and; at a second portion downstream of the curved portion of the first oxidant conduit, the second portion of the first oxidant conduit forms a tip at the outlet end and has a flow axis and length, L; a fuel conduit having: an inlet; a first portion downstream of a person π of the fuel conduit, wherein the first portion of the fuel pilot is in a fixed relationship with the first portion of the first oxidant conduit and is substantially the same a bending portion, wherein the curved portion of the fuel conduit is fixedly spaced from the curved portion of the first gas conduit; the eclipse is disposed concentrically within the eight baskets; and Forming a second portion having a tip and having a flow axis, the second portion of the fuel conduit being fixedly spaced from the H-th position of the first oxidant conduit and substantially concentrically disposed therein, by 41 201202630 An oxidant passage between the second portion of the fuel conduit and the second portion of the first oxidant conduit; wherein the oxidant passage has an inlet section at the inlet Downstream of the transition section and the outlet section of the transition section downstream 'wherein the inlet section has / cross-sectional area, Ai, the area of the outlet section having a length, A. , and 0.8&lt;—&lt;7 1·3-Τ~-5 where and ~. 2. The burner of claim 1, wherein the second portion of the fuel pilot beta defines a fuel passage, wherein the fuel passage has an inlet section, a transition section downstream of the inlet section, and a transition section downstream of the inlet section The inlet section of the downstream portion of the fuel conduit has a cross-sectional area, which is bought, A. The outlet section of the second portion of the fuel conduit has a cross-sectional area ', wherein the first inlet section of the 1·0&lt;4^5 conduit is accumulated in the outlet section, Afi &gt; and 5 Af〇, wherein 3· The burner of claim 1, wherein the fuel-burning portion defines a fuel passage, wherein the fuel passage has a transition portion downstream of the inlet portion and a second portion of the fuel conduit downstream of the transition portion The inlet section has an exit section having a section to the second portion of the fuel conduit having a cross-sectional area of 1.37 sii_&lt;5 A. -. 42. The burner of claim 2, wherein the first portion of the fuel conduit has a concave inner surface and a convex inner surface in a transition of the fuel passage, wherein The convex inner surface of the fuel conduit is downstream of the concave inner surface of the combustion conduit. 5. The burner of claim 1, wherein the outlet end of the second portion of the first oxidant conduit protrudes from the second portion of the fuel conduit by 2 cm to 3 cm 〇 6_ as claimed in claim 1 The burner of the present invention, further comprising: an optional cooling fluid jacket; and a second oxidant conduit in spaced relation to at least one of the first cooling fluid jacket and the second cold fluid jacket and substantially Concentrically disposed therein, the second oxidant conduit has: an inlet; a first portion downstream of the inlet of the first oxidant conduit; a curved portion downstream of the first portion of the fifth oxidant conduit, the second oxidant The curved portion of the catheter has an angle, β, which is 15 at the corner a. Within a range; and at a second portion downstream of the curved portion of the δHil-oxidant conduit, the second portion of the first oxidant conduit forms a tip in the nozzle and has a flow axis, the second portion of the second oxidant conduit The second portion of the first oxidant conduit is in a fixed spaced relationship; 43 201202630 wherein 14+7 7. The burner of the applicant's patent scope, wherein the bend angle β is at the t angle, a, 2. The flow vehicle that is tied to ^ and wherein the second portion of the second oxidant conduit is purchased by the solid tile is parallel to the flow axis of the second portion of the first oxidant conduit. 8. The burner of claim "wherein the nozzle has an inlet and outlet and wherein the outlet end of the second portion of the first oxidant conduit projects 0.2 cm from the mouthpiece outlet of the second portion of the second oxidant conduit to 3 cm 〇9. As claimed in the patent specification. The burner of the sixth item of the target of the month of the month, wherein the nozzle of the second portion of the second oxidant conduit has an inlet and an outlet, and wherein the inlet has a circular cross section and - wearing area, Ani, and the outlet has a non-circular face and a cross-sectional area 'An.' wherein the outlet of the nozzle has a wide south ratio of 15 to 5. 10. The burner of claim 9 is 11. The burner of claim 9, wherein the nozzle has a convergence height and a divergence width. 44 201202630 - 12. The burner of claim 9 wherein: The burner has a concave surface transition between a circular cross section and a non-circular cross section. 13. The burner of claim 1, wherein the second portion of the first oxidant conduit is in the oxidant In the transition section of the track, the right τ $ - the convex inner surface 0. 14. The burner of claim 1, wherein the second portion of the bamboo conduit has a concave in the transition section of the oxidant passage. Shaped outer surface 1 5 · A burner according to claim 6 of the patent application, wherein 60. 〆υ &lt; a &lt; ιι〇〇 and 60 〇 &lt; β &lt;11〇0. 16. Patent application number 1 The burner of the present invention, wherein the second portion of the oxidant conduit has a circular cross section. 17. The burner of claim </ RTI> wherein the second portion of the fuel conduit has a circle 18. The burner of claim 1, wherein the flow axis of the second portion of the first oxidant conduit is straight and substantially parallel or substantially parallel to the flow axis of the second portion of the fuel conduit 19. A furnace comprising: 45 201202630 a heat accumulator; a furnace combustion chamber; a heat accumulator neck, which connects the heat accumulator to the furnace combustion chamber, the heat accumulator neck in the furnace Define a wall And a burner according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the burner passes through the regenerator neck and enters the crucible, and the burner is configured to introduce fuel and oxidant The furnace of the present invention. The furnace of claim 19, further comprising: a molten trough disposed below the combustion chamber of the furnace, the molten trough having a glass forming component introduced into the molten trough A fill end and a discharge end for removing the glass product from the molten pot; and an exhaust vent in a wall for extracting combustion products from the furnace at the wall or another combustion chamber of the furnace. 21. A furnace comprising: a heat accumulator; a furnace combustion chamber; a heat accumulator 埠 neck, j 萱 萱 · : : : : : : : : : : : : r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r 46 201202630 The second oxidant conduit is configured to pass the second oxidant conduit through the furnace wall below the crucible opening to introduce oxidant into the furnace. 22. The furnace of claim 21, further comprising: a molten trough disposed below the combustion chamber of the furnace, the molten trough having a filling end for introducing a glass forming component into the molten trough and from the melting The trough removes the discharge end of the glass product; and an exhaust gas enthalpy in the wall or another wall of the furnace for extracting combustion products from the combustion chamber of the furnace. 23. A method of heating a furnace, the furnace having a regenerator coupled to a furnace burning face heat accumulator 槔 neck, the f-heater 槔 neck defining a 埠 and a 埠 opening in the wall of the furnace, the method comprising : blocking the flow of air to the raft; Passing the second cooling fluid jacket; Combustion chamber; oxidant gas is introduced into the furnace Another fuel is introduced into the furnace for combustion to burn the fuel or another fuel using the first oxidant gas to form a combustion product of 20120226030; and the combustion product is withdrawn from the combustion chamber of the furnace through an exhaust pipe. 24. The method of claim 23, further comprising continuously flowing air through the crucible, the amount of which is greater than 5% to less than or equal to 25% of the fuel or another fuel passing through the combustor The stoichiometric amount of air required for combustion. The method of claim 24, wherein the first oxidant gas comprises 28% by volume to 1% by volume of oxygen. 26·If you apply for the scope of patents, item 24, eight T § attack conditions | § you are defined by any of the patent scopes 5 to 12 and 18, and additionally include: through the second oxidant camp The first y. y. W ^ S introduces the oxidant gas or a second oxidizing gas into the combustion chamber of the furnace. Wherein the second oxidant gas. 7. The method of claim 26, comprising 28% by volume to 1% by volume of oxygen. 48