TW201141579A - Golf ball with piezoelectric material - Google Patents

Golf ball with piezoelectric material Download PDF

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Publication number
TW201141579A
TW201141579A TW100106878A TW100106878A TW201141579A TW 201141579 A TW201141579 A TW 201141579A TW 100106878 A TW100106878 A TW 100106878A TW 100106878 A TW100106878 A TW 100106878A TW 201141579 A TW201141579 A TW 201141579A
Authority
TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
golf ball
piezoelectric material
golf
ball
output
Prior art date
Application number
TW100106878A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
TWI442959B (en
Inventor
Arthur Molinari
Original Assignee
Nike International Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nike International Ltd filed Critical Nike International Ltd
Publication of TW201141579A publication Critical patent/TW201141579A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of TWI442959B publication Critical patent/TWI442959B/en

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B37/00Solid balls; Rigid hollow balls; Marbles
    • A63B37/0003Golf balls
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B37/00Solid balls; Rigid hollow balls; Marbles
    • A63B37/0003Golf balls
    • A63B37/0038Intermediate layers, e.g. inner cover, outer core, mantle
    • A63B37/0039Intermediate layers, e.g. inner cover, outer core, mantle characterised by the material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B37/00Solid balls; Rigid hollow balls; Marbles
    • A63B37/0003Golf balls
    • A63B37/007Characteristics of the ball as a whole
    • A63B37/0072Characteristics of the ball as a whole with a specified number of layers
    • A63B37/0075Three piece balls, i.e. cover, intermediate layer and core
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B37/00Solid balls; Rigid hollow balls; Marbles
    • A63B37/0003Golf balls
    • A63B37/007Characteristics of the ball as a whole
    • A63B37/0072Characteristics of the ball as a whole with a specified number of layers
    • A63B37/0076Multi-piece balls, i.e. having two or more intermediate layers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2220/00Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
    • A63B2220/50Force related parameters
    • A63B2220/51Force
    • A63B2220/53Force of an impact, e.g. blow or punch
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2220/00Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
    • A63B2220/50Force related parameters
    • A63B2220/58Measurement of force related parameters by electric or magnetic means
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2220/00Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
    • A63B2220/80Special sensors, transducers or devices therefor
    • A63B2220/83Special sensors, transducers or devices therefor characterised by the position of the sensor
    • A63B2220/833Sensors arranged on the exercise apparatus or sports implement
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2225/00Miscellaneous features of sport apparatus, devices or equipment
    • A63B2225/20Miscellaneous features of sport apparatus, devices or equipment with means for remote communication, e.g. internet or the like
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2225/00Miscellaneous features of sport apparatus, devices or equipment
    • A63B2225/50Wireless data transmission, e.g. by radio transmitters or telemetry
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B37/00Solid balls; Rigid hollow balls; Marbles
    • A63B37/0003Golf balls
    • A63B37/005Cores
    • A63B37/0051Materials other than polybutadienes; Constructional details
    • A63B37/0055Materials other than polybutadienes; Constructional details with non-spherical insert(s)

Abstract

A golf ball with a piezoelectric material portion allows golf ball data to be obtained when a golfer hits the golf ball with a golf club. An output from the piezoelectric material generated in response to the impact force of the golf club hitting the golf ball is measured. Based on the measured output, golf ball data can be obtained. The obtained golf ball data may be used by golf club fitting systems, golf ball fitting systems, and golfer profile databases.

Description

201141579 v 六、發明說明: I:發明戶斤屬之技術領域3 發明領域 本發明係有關於一種包含壓電材料的高爾夫球,更特 別地係有關於取得與擊打一包含壓電材料之高爾夫球有關 之南爾夫球貧料的一種糸統及方法。 L先前技術3 發明背景 為了特定擊打水平而設計之高爾夫球裝備之曰益增加 的認知及激增導致在高爾夫球員與適當之高爾夫球桿之匹 配方面的進展。同樣地,由於在高爾夫球設計方面的進步, ζ. 在高爾夫球員與適當之高爾夫球的匹配方面是有日益增加 ' 的關注。 高爾夫球桿適配(Golf club fitting)已變成眾所周知以 及高爾夫球專業商店的例行服務。典型地,有關高爾夫球 員之像是高度、臂長、性別、以及年齡般之物理特性,與 高爾夫球員之像是桿頭速度以及擊打角度般之擺盪特性之 資訊的組合是用來決定適於高爾夫球員之適當的球桿。 高爾夫球適配是為一種較新的方法而且通常使用從高 爾夫球員問卷收集之主觀資料與像是桿頭速度、球速、發 射角度、擊打角度、後旋量、側旋量、與總距離之測量般 之客觀擺盪特性的組合。 此外,高爾夫球員對於追縱與他們之高爾夫球擺盪以 及一般高爾夫球比赛有關的資料俾可累積歷史資料或發展 3 201141579 一高爾夫球員側寫是具有興趣的。 因此,一種用於取得與擊打高爾夫球有關之高爾夫球 資料的方法與系統是有需要的。特別地,允許高爾夫球員 便利地且輕易地取得與高爾夫球員之擺盪有關之對於高爾 夫球桿適配系統、高爾夫球適配系統、與高爾夫球員側寫 資料庫之高爾夫球資料的一種方法與系統。 【發明内容】 發明概要 在一特徵中,本發明提供一種高爾夫球,包含:一外 殼、一球心、與一壓電材料部份,其中,該壓電材料部份 是置於該外殼與該球心之間。 在另一特徵中,本發明提供一種用於得到高爾夫球資 料的系統,包含:一具有一壓電材料部份的高爾夫球、一 用於測量一與該壓電材料部份相關聯之輸出的傳感器、及 一與該傳感器連通之探測器,以供接收由該傳感器所測量 之輸出用,其中,該探測器利用該輸出來得到高爾夫球資 料。 在另一特徵中,本發明提供一種得到擊打高爾夫球資 料之方法,包含:提供一具有一壓電材料部份的高爾夫球、 當該高爾夫球被一高爾夫球桿擊打時,測量一與該壓電材 料部份相關聯的輸出、把與該壓電材料部份相關聯的測量 輸出與已知高爾夫球資料聯繫起來以得到與被高爾夫球桿 擊打之高爾夫球有關的擊打高爾夫球資料;及記錄該擊打 高爾夫球資料。 201141579 本發明之其他系統、方法、特徵及優點在檢視後面的 圖式與詳細描述之時對於熟知此項技術的人仕而言將會 是,或者將會變得顯而易知。被包括在這描述與這概要之 内的所有該等額外系統、方法、特徵和優點是傾向於在本 發明的範圍之内,而且是由後面的申請專利範圍保護。 圖式簡單說明 本發明藉由參考後面的圖式與說明而能夠獲得更佳的 了解。在該等圖式中的組件是不必按比例。此外,在該等 圖式中,相同的標號是用來標示不同圖式中相同的部件。 第1圖是為一位於一測試台之高爾夫球員與一高爾夫 球、和一高爾夫球桿的等尺寸圖; 第2圖是為一處於一測試台之靠近一探測器/接收器之 高爾夫球之特寫的等尺寸圖; 第3圖是為具有壓電材料之高爾夫球之不同範例實施 例的橫截面圖; 第4圖是為一設有一内部發射器與記憶體儲存器之具 有一壓電材料層之高爾夫球之範例實施例的分解圖; 第5圖是為一即將被一高爾夫球桿擊打之具有壓電材 料之面爾夫球的等尺寸圖; 第6圖是為一被高爾夫球桿擊打之具有壓電材料之高 爾夫球的等尺寸圖; 第7圖是為一處於變形情況下之具有壓電材料之高爾 夫球的等尺寸圖; 第8圖是為一在變形之後具有壓電材料之高爾夫球的 5 201141579 等尺寸圖; 第9圖是為一從一内部發射器傳輸一訊號之具有壓電 材料之南爾夫球的等尺寸圖; 第10圖是為從一具有壓電材料之高爾夫球到一接收器 之訊號傳輸之範例實施例的橫截面圖; 第11圖是為藉一探測器之從一具有壓電材料之高爾夫 球之訊號偵測之範例實施例的橫截面圖; 第12圖是為從一具有壓電材料之高爾夫球到一接收器 之訊號傳輸之範例實施例的橫截面圖; 第13圖是為從一具有壓電材料之高爾夫球到一接收器 之訊號傳輸之範例實施例的橫截面圖; 第14圖是為一種在一高爾夫球之壓電材料部份中產生 一輸出之方法之實施例的流程圖; 第15圖是為一種從一高爾夫球内之一内部傳感器得到 資料之方法之範例實施例的流程圖; 第16圖是為一種藉由感測一來自一高爾夫球内之壓電 材料之輸出來得到資料之方法之範例實施例的流程圖;及 第17圖是為用於使用高爾夫球資料之不同實施例的示 意圖。 I:實施方式3 較佳實施例之詳細說明 一種用於得到與擊打一包含壓電材料之高爾夫球有關 之高爾夫球資料之系統的範例實施例是顯示在第1和2圖 中。在第1圖中,一包括一接收器106的測試台100能讓高爾 201141579 夫球員102以一高爾夫球桿108擊打一高爾夫球1〇4。當高爾 夫球104被高爾夫球員1〇2擊打時’測試台ι〇〇能夠利用接收 器106得到與該高爾夫球104有關的高爾夫球資料。 請參閱第2圖所示,測試台100被顯示包括置於接收器 106附近的高爾夫球1〇4與高爾夫球桿1〇8。高爾夫球1〇4包 含壓電材料’在下面會更詳細地作描述,在以高爾夫球桿 108的桿面200撞擊之時,壓電材料壓縮來產生一可量測輸 出。接收器106能夠包括一用於接收一與該可量測輸出有關 之汛號的天線202。根據該與該可量測輸出有關的訊號,該 系統能夠得到與擊打該高爾夫球有關的高爾夫球資料。 壓電材料疋為在機械力的施加之時產生一電位差的一 材料群組。響應於施加的力量,與施加之力量成比例的電 壓是產生在壓電材料。同樣地,相反的效果是有可能的, 一施加電壓會產生壓縮力在壓電材料上。一種非常眾所周 知的壓電材料是石英,其典型地是在鐘錶中使用。很多其 他天然與合成材料是壓電的,包括各種晶體、陶瓷、以及 聚合物。 在一實施例中,該壓電材料是為壓電聚合物。在某些 情況中,該壓電聚合物會包括,但非限制為:聚氟乙烯 (PVF)、聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)、聚氯乙烯(pvc)、聚四氟乙烯 聚氟乙烯(PTFE-P VF2)及其他聚合物、異量分子聚合物、及 陶瓷聚合物混合物。 通常,高爾夫球能夠以各種構造製成而且能夠由各種 材料構成。高爾夫球結構可以包括,但非限制為兩片、三 201141579 二二四片t構二種結構包括一個外殼。在某些情況中, / &quot;又材料&quot;^ ,值作限制為氨基鉀酸@旨(urethane)、 反聚異戊二炫(balata)、a _ (Sur_)、彈性體、及^成反稀烴離子 一 、他材料。端視向爾夫球是為兩片、 二片、或四片結構而·定,&lt; 向爾夫球的内合成物可以包括一 =、一==外的球心或彼覆層。高爾夫球的内合 成物可以包括各種材料, 包括,但非限制為:天然橡膠、 異戊二烷、&amp;成橡膠、塑膠、熱塑性塑膠、聚合物、 彈性體、樹脂、及其他持料以及材料的組合。 在一範例實施例中,該壓電材料部份可以被注射到高 爾夫球内。在某些實祢也丨1 中,壓電材料部份可以是該高爾 夫球的-層。在其他實施例中,壓電材料部份可以是一薄 膜。在又其他實施例中,厭办u L丨\ 壓電材料4伤可以是併合至高爾 夫球内的固態材料。 第3圖指’a ^於—雨爾夫球之内之壓電材料部份的 不同範例實施例。在1 —範例實施例中,—高爾夫球· 會包含-外殼302、—壓電材料部份綱'與—球心遍。如 在第3圖情㈣電她卩細相置於物⑽與球心 306之間。在這實施例中,屡電材料部份3〇4是置於外讀 的下側。在某些情以,壓電材料部份304可以被置於該球 心、披覆、與麟之球心或披覆層之任何組合之間或當卜 在其他情況中’㈣材料部份烟可包含高爾夫球細的一 層’包括該球心、被覆、與額外之球心或披覆層中之一者 或多者。在其他實施例中,歷電材料部份3〇4可以置於外殼 201141579 302的外側。在又其他實施例中,高爾夫球3〇〇的外殼3〇2可 以包含壓電材料。 請參閱第3圖所示,在一第二範例實施例中,一高爾夫 球320可以包含一外殼322、一壓電材料部份324、一球心 326、一内部傳感器328'及一連接導線33〇。在這實施例中, 内部傳感器328可以經由連接導線33〇偵測與測量來自壓電 材料324的輸出。在其他實施例中,内部傳感器328可以不 包括一連接導線來測量來自壓電材料部份324的輸出。在某 些情況中,尚爾夫球之球心、披覆、與額外之球心或彼覆 層中之一者或多者可以包括導電材料。在其他情況中,高 爾夫球320的外殼322可以包括導電材料。 第3圖描繪一包括一外殼342、一壓電材料部份344、一 披覆346' —内部傳感器348、一連接導線35〇、與一球心352 之鬲爾夫球340的第三範例實施例。在這實施例中,内部傳 感器348可以經由通過球心352與披覆層346的連接導線350 偵測與測量來自壓電材料部份324的輸出。 請參閱第3圖所示,在一第四範例實施例中,一高爾夫 球360可以包括一外殼360、一壓電材料部份364、一球心 366、一内部傳感器368、及一連接導線370。在這實施例中, 内部傳感器368是沿著高爾夫球360的一個部份置於壓電材 料部份364附近《在其他實施例中,内部傳感器368能夠以 與壓電材料部份364不同的關係形式來置於高爾夫球36〇 内。在某些情況中,壓電材料部份364可以被包括在高爾夫 球360的一個部份内。在某些情況中,在高爾夫球36〇之外 201141579 /V又362上的礼標(圖中未示)會表示高爾夫球包含壓電材 料部份364之部份的位置。 第3圖描繪—包括一外殼382、一壓電材料部份384、一 彼覆86内部傳感器388、與一球心390之高爾夫球380 的第五範例實施例。在這實施例中’内部傳感器388是與壓 電,料部份384接觸。在某些實施例中,在高爾夫球38〇之 卜a又82上的扎標(圖中未示)會表示在高爾夫球“ο之内之 内部傳感器388位置。 〜第4圖騎在高爾夫球3 2 Q之内之—内部傳感器的範例 實_。如在第4圖中所示,高爾夫球320可以包括一内部 傳感益328。在這實施例巾,㈣傳感器328包括-天線 40〇、發射器402、及-資料儲存裝置_。當高爾夫球32〇 被一兩爾夫球桿擊打時,内部傳感器似可以經由連接導線 u從壓電材料部份324接收—輸出。在某些情況中,來自 壓電材料部份324的輸出會是—電i在其他情況中,來自 壓電材料部份324的輸出可叹—電流。在某些實施例中, 内#傳感$328可以包括用於測量來自麼電材料部份324之 輸出的處理器或電路。用於測量電壓或電流的—處理器或 電路可以是任何眾所周知的種類。 請參閱第4圖所示,在這實施例中,發射器搬會經由 把來自壓電材料部份324的测量輸出傳輸到一接收 ^圖中未示)。在_實施例中,資料儲存農置404可以記錄 ^壓電__4_量輸出。在某些實施例中,資料 儲存裝置404可以包含絲自壓電材料部份似之測量輸出201141579 v VI. INSTRUCTIONS OF THE INVENTION: I: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a golf ball comprising a piezoelectric material, and more particularly to obtaining and hitting a golf ball comprising a piezoelectric material. A system and method of ball-related Nanlf ball poor. L Prior Art 3 Background of the Invention The increased awareness and proliferation of golf equipment designed for a particular level of hitting has led to progress in matching golfers to appropriate golf clubs. As such, due to advances in golf design, there has been an increasing interest in the matching of golfers with appropriate golf balls. Golf club fitting has become a well-known and routine service for golf specialty stores. Typically, the golfer's image is a combination of height, arm length, gender, and age-like physical characteristics, and the golfer's image is the combination of the head speed and the swinging angle. The appropriate club for the golfer. Golf fit is a relatively new method and typically uses subjective data collected from a golfer questionnaire such as head speed, ball speed, launch angle, hit angle, back spin, side spin, and total distance. A combination of measurement-like objective swing characteristics. In addition, golfers are interested in recollecting information related to their golf swings and general golf tournaments, accumulating historical data or developing a 2011 41579 golfer profile. Accordingly, a method and system for obtaining golf ball data related to hitting a golf ball is desirable. In particular, a method and system for a golfer to conveniently and easily obtain golf ball information relating to golfer swings, golf club fitting systems, and golfer profile databases is readily and easily obtained. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In one feature, the present invention provides a golf ball comprising: a casing, a center of the ball, and a portion of a piezoelectric material, wherein the portion of the piezoelectric material is placed in the casing and the Between the hearts of the ball. In another feature, the present invention provides a system for obtaining golf ball data comprising: a golf ball having a piezoelectric material portion, and a measurement for output associated with the piezoelectric material portion A sensor, and a detector in communication with the sensor for receiving an output measured by the sensor, wherein the detector utilizes the output to obtain golf ball data. In another feature, the present invention provides a method of obtaining a golf ball hitting data, comprising: providing a golf ball having a piezoelectric material portion, measuring one when the golf ball is hit by a golf club The piezoelectric material partially associated output, correlating the measured output associated with the piezoelectric material portion with known golf material data to obtain a hit golf ball associated with the golf ball struck by the golf club Information; and record the hit golf information. Other systems, methods, features, and advantages of the present invention will be or become apparent to those skilled in the <RTIgt; All such additional systems, methods, features and advantages are intended to be included within the scope of the invention and are intended to be BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will be better understood by reference to the following drawings and description. The components in the drawings are not necessarily to scale. In addition, in the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to identify the same parts in the different drawings. Figure 1 is an isometric view of a golfer on a test bench with a golf ball and a golf club; Figure 2 is a golf ball on a test bench near a detector/receiver Close-up isometric view; Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a different exemplary embodiment of a golf ball having a piezoelectric material; Figure 4 is a piezoelectric material having an internal emitter and a memory reservoir An exploded view of an exemplary embodiment of a layered golf ball; Figure 5 is an isometric view of a golf ball with a piezoelectric material to be hit by a golf club; Figure 6 is a golf ball An isometric view of a golf ball with a piezoelectric material struck by a rod; Figure 7 is an isometric view of a golf ball having a piezoelectric material in a deformed condition; Figure 8 is a pressure after deformation 5 201141579 is a dimensional drawing of a golf ball of electrical material; Figure 9 is an isometric view of a Nalph ball with a piezoelectric material transmitting a signal from an internal transmitter; Figure 10 is a pressure from a pressure Electric material golf A cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of a signal transmission to a receiver; FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of signal detection from a golf ball having a piezoelectric material by a detector; Figure is a cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of signal transmission from a golf ball having a piezoelectric material to a receiver; Figure 13 is a signal transmission from a golf ball having a piezoelectric material to a receiver A cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment; Figure 14 is a flow diagram of an embodiment of a method of producing an output in a piezoelectric material portion of a golf ball; Figure 15 is a view from a golf ball A flowchart of an exemplary embodiment of a method for obtaining information from an internal sensor; FIG. 16 is a flow chart of an exemplary embodiment of a method for obtaining data by sensing an output from a piezoelectric material within a golf ball; Figure 17 is a schematic illustration of different embodiments for using golf ball data. I: Embodiment 3 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT An exemplary embodiment of a system for obtaining golf ball data relating to hitting a golf ball containing a piezoelectric material is shown in Figures 1 and 2. In Fig. 1, a test station 100 including a receiver 106 enables the Gore 201141579 player 102 to hit a golf ball 1〇4 with a golf club 108. When the golf ball 104 is hit by the golfer 1 〇 2, the test bench ι can use the receiver 106 to obtain the golf ball material associated with the golf ball 104. Referring to Fig. 2, the test stand 100 is shown to include a golf ball 1〇4 and a golf club 1〇8 placed adjacent to the receiver 106. The golf ball 1 包 4 contains piezoelectric material ′ which will be described in more detail below, and upon impact by the face 200 of the golf club 108, the piezoelectric material compresses to produce a measurable output. Receiver 106 can include an antenna 202 for receiving an apostrophe associated with the measurable output. Based on the signal associated with the measurable output, the system is capable of obtaining golf ball data relating to hitting the golf ball. Piezoelectric material 疋 is a group of materials that produces a potential difference when mechanical force is applied. In response to the applied force, a voltage proportional to the applied force is generated in the piezoelectric material. Similarly, the opposite effect is possible, and an applied voltage produces a compressive force on the piezoelectric material. One very well known piezoelectric material is quartz, which is typically used in timepieces. Many other natural and synthetic materials are piezoelectric, including various crystals, ceramics, and polymers. In an embodiment, the piezoelectric material is a piezoelectric polymer. In some cases, the piezoelectric polymer may include, but is not limited to, polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (PTFE). -P VF2) and other polymers, heterogeneous molecular polymers, and ceramic polymer blends. Generally, golf balls can be made in a variety of configurations and can be constructed from a variety of materials. The golf ball structure may include, but is not limited to, two pieces, three 201141579 two or four pieces of t-structure two structures including one outer casing. In some cases, / &quot; and material &quot;^, the value is limited to urethane, urethane, balata, a _ (Sur_), elastomer, and Anti-dilute hydrocarbon ion, his material. The telescopic ball is a two-piece, two-piece, or four-piece structure, and the inner composition of the ball can include a sphere of one, one ==, or a layer of the outer sphere. The interior composition of the golf ball may include a variety of materials including, but not limited to, natural rubber, isovalerane, &amp; rubber, plastics, thermoplastics, polymers, elastomers, resins, and other materials and materials. The combination. In an exemplary embodiment, the portion of piezoelectric material can be injected into the golf ball. In some embodiments, the piezoelectric material portion may be the layer of the golf ball. In other embodiments, the piezoelectric material portion can be a thin film. In still other embodiments, the U L丨\ piezoelectric material 4 injury may be a solid material that is incorporated into the golf ball. Figure 3 refers to a different exemplary embodiment of the portion of the piezoelectric material within the <a ^ - 雨夫球. In the first exemplary embodiment, the golf ball may include a casing 302, a piezoelectric material portion, and a spherical center. As shown in Fig. 3 (4), she is placed between the object (10) and the center 306. In this embodiment, the electrical material portion 3〇4 is placed on the lower side of the external reading. In some cases, the piezoelectric material portion 304 can be placed between the center of the sphere, the cladding, any combination of the core or the cladding, or in other cases, the material of the material A layer of golf ball 'including one or more of the center of the ball, the cover, and the additional core or cover may be included. In other embodiments, the calendar material portion 3〇4 can be placed outside of the housing 201141579 302. In still other embodiments, the outer casing 3〇2 of the golf ball 3 may comprise a piezoelectric material. Referring to FIG. 3, in a second exemplary embodiment, a golf ball 320 can include a housing 322, a piezoelectric material portion 324, a core 326, an internal sensor 328', and a connecting lead 33. Hey. In this embodiment, internal sensor 328 can detect and measure the output from piezoelectric material 324 via connection lead 33. In other embodiments, internal sensor 328 may not include a connecting lead to measure the output from piezoelectric material portion 324. In some cases, one or more of the center of the ball, the overlay, and the additional core or cover may comprise a conductive material. In other cases, the outer casing 322 of the golf ball 320 can include a conductive material. 3 depicts a third example implementation including a housing 342, a piezoelectric material portion 344, a cover 346'-an internal sensor 348, a connecting lead 35A, and a ball 352 of a ball 352. example. In this embodiment, the internal sensor 348 can detect and measure the output from the piezoelectric material portion 324 via the connecting wires 350 through the core 352 and the cladding layer 346. Referring to FIG. 3, in a fourth exemplary embodiment, a golf ball 360 can include a housing 360, a piezoelectric material portion 364, a ball core 366, an internal sensor 368, and a connecting wire 370. . In this embodiment, internal sensor 368 is placed adjacent piezoelectric material portion 364 along a portion of golf ball 360. In other embodiments, internal sensor 368 can be in a different relationship than piezoelectric material portion 364. The form is placed inside the golf ball 36〇. In some cases, piezoelectric material portion 364 can be included in a portion of golf ball 360. In some cases, a ritual (not shown) on the 201141579/V 362 outside of the golf ball 36 will indicate the location of the golf ball containing portions of the piezoelectric material portion 364. Figure 3 depicts a fifth exemplary embodiment of a golf ball 380 including a housing 382, a piezoelectric material portion 384, a cover 86 internal sensor 388, and a ball 390. In this embodiment the internal sensor 388 is in contact with the piezoelectric, material portion 384. In some embodiments, the shackles (not shown) on the golf ball 38a will indicate the position of the internal sensor 388 within the golf ball ο. ~ Figure 4 riding on the golf ball 3 2 Q - An example of an internal sensor - As shown in Figure 4, the golf ball 320 can include an internal sensing benefit 328. In this embodiment, the sensor 328 includes an antenna 40, The transmitter 402, and the data storage device _. When the golf ball 32 is hit by a pair of golf clubs, the internal sensor may be received from the piezoelectric material portion 324 via the connecting wire u. In some cases. The output from piezoelectric material portion 324 may be - in other cases, the output from piezoelectric material portion 324 may be sigh - current. In some embodiments, inner # sensing $328 may include The processor or circuit for measuring the output from the galvanic material portion 324. The processor or circuit for measuring voltage or current may be of any well known type. Referring to Figure 4, in this embodiment, The transmitter will move from the piezoelectric material The measurement output of the portion 324 is transmitted to a receiving device (not shown). In the embodiment, the data storage farm 404 can record the piezoelectric__4_ volume output. In some embodiments, the data storage device 404 can Contains wire-like piezoelectric material like measurement output

S 10 201141579 與擊打高爾夫球資料相關聯的相關聯資訊。在其他實施例 中’資料儲存裝置404會允許内部傳感器328記錄與被擊打 之高爾夫球320之一個以上之情況有關之來自壓電材料部 份324的數個輸出。 第5-9圖描繪由一高爾夫球桿1〇8擊打之一具壓電材料 伤之南爾夫球之範例實施例的一連串圖示。請參閱第5圖 所不’具壓電材料部份324與内部傳感器3i8的高爾夫球320 是被顯示接近一接收器1〇6。一高爾夫球員(圖中未示)朝高 爾夫320擺盪高爾夫球桿1〇8。在第6圖中,高爾夫球桿1〇8 的柃面200與高爾夫球320接觸。當桿面200與高爾夫球32〇 • 接觸時,動能是從桿面200傳輸到高爾夫球320。請參閱第7 圖所不’傳輸到高爾夫球320的動能致使高爾夫球320經歷 — 變形。變形壓縮壓電材料部份324。 *月參閱第8圖所示’高爾夫球320的變形及壓電材料部 伤324的壓縮在壓電材料部份324中產生電荷。壓電材料部 伤324的輪出會由被包含在高®夫球32G内部的内部傳感器 328感測。在某些情況中’由内部傳感器似所感測之來自 壓電材料部份3 24的電荷會提供供應内部傳感器3 2 8能量的 電力。睛參閱第8圖所示’在這實施例中,内部傳感器328 月彳量電荷並且使測量電荷與擊打高爾夫球資料相關 7 °擊打兩爾夫球資料可以包括,但不限制為:變形量、 I形角度、球速、後旋量、側旋量、總旋量、及其他與高 爾夫球有關的參數。 如在第9圖中所示,只要内部傳感器328感測到來自壓 11 201141579 電材料部份324的電荷,内部傳感器328會把擊打高爾夫球 資料傳輸到接收器106。在一實施例中,傳輸900可以是一 由接收器106之天線202接收的射頻訊號。在其他實施例 中’该傳輸可以包括光學、聲學及其他與接收器通信的形 式。 第10-13圖描繪與一接收器或探測器通信之具有壓電 材料部份之高爾夫球的不同範例實施例。第10圖描繪包括 壓電材料部份1004與内部傳感器1008之高爾夫球1〇〇〇的範 例實施例。利用一高爾夫球外殼材料i002的外表面丨006作 為天線’内部傳感器1008會經由一發射器(圖中未示)傳輸一 個與來自壓電材料部份10〇4之感測輸出有關的訊號1010。 在某些情況中,外表面1006會包括導電塗料。在一實施例 中’外表面1006會包括金屬塗料。在其他情況中,高爾夫 球外殼材料10 〇 2會包含導電材料。接收器1 〇 6會包括一用於 從高爾夫球1000接收訊號1〇1〇的天線202。 請參閱第11圖所示,高爾夫球1100的一範例實施例包 括一壓電材料部份1104。當高爾夫球11〇〇被高爾夫球桿擊 打時壓電材料部份1104的壓縮產生電荷在壓電材料部份 1104。電荷11〇6可以被一置於高爾夫球11〇〇附近的探測器 1112感測。在這實施例中,探測器m2包括一用於感測— 與來自在被擊打之後移動之高爾夫球1100之電荷1106有關 之磁埸1108的磁埸傳感器mo。在其他實施例中,探測器 1112可以使用其他用於偵測來自壓電材料部份11〇4之輸出 的傳感器。S 10 201141579 Associated information associated with hitting a golf material. In other embodiments, the data storage device 404 will allow the internal sensor 328 to record a number of outputs from the piezoelectric material portion 324 associated with more than one of the hit golf balls 320. Figures 5-9 depict a series of illustrations of an exemplary embodiment of a resiliently wounded Nanlf ball struck by a golf club 1〇8. Referring to Figure 5, the golf ball 320 having the piezoelectric material portion 324 and the internal sensor 3i8 is shown to be adjacent to a receiver 1〇6. A golfer (not shown) swings the golf club 1 to 8 toward the golf club 320. In Fig. 6, the face 200 of the golf club 1 8 is in contact with the golf ball 320. When the face 200 is in contact with the golf ball 32, kinetic energy is transmitted from the face 200 to the golf ball 320. Referring to Figure 7, the kinetic energy transmitted to the golf ball 320 does not cause the golf ball 320 to undergo - deformation. The piezoelectric material portion 324 is deformed and compressed. * Month, as shown in Fig. 8, the deformation of the golf ball 320 and the compression of the piezoelectric material portion 324 generate electric charges in the piezoelectric material portion 324. The wheeling of the piezoelectric material portion 324 is sensed by an internal sensor 328 that is contained within the high® ball 32G. In some cases, the charge from the piezoelectric material portion 324 as sensed by the internal sensor will provide power to supply the internal sensor 328 energy. See Fig. 8 'In this embodiment, the internal sensor 328 months to charge and correlate the measured charge with the hit golf ball data. 7 ° hitting the ball data can include, but is not limited to: deformation Volume, I-angle, ball speed, back spin, side spin, total spin, and other golf-related parameters. As shown in Figure 9, internal sensor 328 transmits the hit golf ball data to receiver 106 as long as internal sensor 328 senses the charge from voltage 11 201141579 electrical material portion 324. In one embodiment, transmission 900 can be a radio frequency signal received by antenna 202 of receiver 106. In other embodiments the transmission may include optical, acoustic, and other forms of communication with the receiver. Figures 10-13 depict different example embodiments of a golf ball having a piezoelectric material portion in communication with a receiver or detector. Figure 10 depicts an exemplary embodiment of a golf ball 1 including a piezoelectric material portion 1004 and an internal sensor 1008. The outer surface 丨006 of a golf ball casing material i002 is used as an antenna. The internal sensor 1008 transmits a signal 1010 related to the sensed output from the piezoelectric material portion 10〇4 via a transmitter (not shown). In some cases, outer surface 1006 will include a conductive coating. In an embodiment the outer surface 1006 will comprise a metallic coating. In other cases, the golf ball housing material 10 〇 2 will contain a conductive material. Receiver 1 〇 6 will include an antenna 202 for receiving signal 1〇1〇 from golf ball 1000. Referring to Figure 11, an exemplary embodiment of a golf ball 1100 includes a piezoelectric material portion 1104. The compression of the piezoelectric material portion 1104 generates charge in the piezoelectric material portion 1104 when the golf ball 11 is hit by the golf club. The charge 11〇6 can be sensed by a detector 1112 placed near the golf ball 11〇〇. In this embodiment, detector m2 includes a magnetic head sensor mo for sensing - a magnetic yoke 1108 associated with charge 1106 from golf ball 1100 that is moved after being struck. In other embodiments, the detector 1112 can use other sensors for detecting the output from the piezoelectric material portion 11〇4.

S 12 201141579 請參閱第12圖所示,一高爾夫球1200的另一範例實施 例會包括一壓電材料部份1204和一内部傳感器1206。在這 實施例中,内部傳感器1206會偵測來自壓電材料部份1204 的輸出並利用内部天線1208經由發射器(圖中未示)傳輸一 與該偵測輸出有關的訊號1210。如在第12圖中所示,接收 器106包括一用於從高爾夫球1200接收訊號1210的天線 202。 在第13圖中所示的另一範例實施例中,高爾夫球13〇〇 包括一壓電材料部份1304與一内部傳感器1306。在這實施 例中,内部傳感器1306包括一内部天線1308與一資料儲存 裝置1310。資料儲存裝置1310可以儲存當高爾夫球1300被 高爾夫球桿擊打時所產生之來自内部傳感器1306的資料。 在一實施例中’資料儲存裝置1310可以被用來記錄與一擊 打高爾夫球1300之高爾夫球員有關的資料數次。在其他實 施例中,資料儲存裝置1310可以被用來記錄在打球期間與 一擊打像是高爾夫球1300般之高爾夫球之高爾夫球員有關 的資料。 南爾夫球1300可以被置放接近一高爾夫球資料記錄單 元1314來引起來自南爾夫球1300之包含被儲存於資料儲存 裝置1310内之擊打高爾夫球資料之訊號1316的傳輸。在— 實施例中,高爾夫球資料記錄單元1314可以產生一引致在 高爾夫球1300内之壓電材料部份13〇4壓縮的磁埸。該壓縮 產生電荷在壓電材料部份1304 ’其會被用來供應内部傳感 器1306能量。在這實施例中,内部傳感器13〇6會利用内部 13 201141579 天線1308經由發射器(圖中未示)傳輸一包含被儲存於記憶 體儲存器1310内之擊打高爾夫球資料的訊號1316。高爾夫 球資料記錄單元1314會經由天線1312接收訊號1316。在某 些實施例中,高爾夫球資料記錄單元13 14可以使用RFID技 術來與高爾夫球1300通信。在其他實施例中,高爾夫球資 料記錄單元1314會利用任何電磁、光學、聲學或其他形式 的通信來接收來自高爾夫球1300的擊打高爾夫球資料。 在一範例實施例中,高爾夫球資料記錄單元1314可以 包括一處理器《在不同的實施例中’高爾夫球資料記錄單 元1314可以以各式硬體與軟體結構的形式設置,包括,但 不限於:電腦、智慧型電話或其他包括一處理器的可揭帶 型裝置、透過網路連接到伺服器的終端機、及其他用於處 理資料的硬體或軟體結構。 第14圖描繪一種當高爾夫球由高爾夫球員以高爾夫球 桿擊打時在高爾夫球之壓電材料部份中產生輸出之方法 1400的範例實施例。在第14圖中所示之步驟的順序是被範 例而並非是必要的。在一第一步驟14〇2中,一高爾夫球員 以高爾夫球桿擊打一包含壓電材料部份的高爾夫球。在— 第二步驟1404中,該高爾夫球由於與高爾夫球桿之撞擊的 力量而變形。在一第三步驟14〇6中,由撞擊之力量而引起 的變形壓縮該高爾夫球内的壓電材料部份。在步驟14〇8 中’壓電材料部份的壓縮產生供應高爾夫球之壓電材料部 份能量的電荷。在步驟141〇中,來自被供應有能量之壓電 材料部份的輸出被測量。在某些實施例中,該輸出會是— 201141579 電壓。在其他實施例中,該輸出會是一電流。 第15圖描繪一種從一在一包含壓電材料部份之高爾夫 球内之内部傳感器得到資料之方法15 0 0的範例實施例。在 第15圖中所示之步驟的順序是為範例而並非是必要的。於 一第一步驟1502中,在該高爾夫球内部的内部傳感器偵測 一來自高爾夫球之壓電材料部份的輸出。該内部傳感器可 以包括使來自壓電材料部份之偵測輸出與擊打高爾夫球資 料相關聯的電路。在某些情況中,該電路會包括一存取一 包含在壓電材料之測量輸出與擊打高爾夫球資料之間之已 知關聯性之資料庫的處理器。在其他情況中,該電路可以 包括一把來自壓電材料部份之偵測輸出倍增一特定量來使 該輸出與擊打高爾夫球資料相關聯的電路。能夠使一來自 ' 壓電材料之輸出與擊打高爾夫球資料相關聯之不同的電路 可以被設置。擊打高爾夫球資料可以包括,但不限定為: 變形量、變形角度、球速、後旋量、側旋量、總旋量、及 其他與高爾夫球有關的參數。 在某些實施例中,在來自壓電材料之輸出與擊打高爾 夫球資料之間的關聯性是可以完成。因為壓電材料產生與 施加到壓電材料之撞擊力量之量成比例的電荷,擊打高爾 夫球資料會從撞擊力量的知識與高爾夫球特性而成相關 聯。在某些情況中,這關聯性能夠藉由使用一高爾夫球擺 盪機器人擊打一已知結構的高爾夫球數次並且收集與該等 擊打高爾夫球有關的測量資料來被產生。高爾夫球擺盪機 器人是眾所周知的,而且任能夠依據一組程式規劃指令來 15 201141579 貝地擺盪一高爾夫球桿的任何類型機器人是可以被使 用。在某些實施例中,該結果可以包括一包含在壓電材料 之測量輪出與擊打高爾夫球資料之間之已知關聯性的資料 庫。在其他情況中,一處理器可以用來執行一能夠使壓電 材料之測量輸出與擊打高爾夫球資料相關聯的程式。 在一範例實施例中,得到的擊打高爾夫球資料包括球 速與旋轉料。球速是為-㈣夫球在被高_夫球桿之桿 面撞擊之後之速度的測量。因為壓電材料的輸出是與桿頭 與南爾夫球之撞擊的力量成比例,球速能夠根據在壓電材 料中所偵測之電流的測量來被決定。高爾夫球的旋量是為 高爾夫球在飛行時的轉動。旋量包括與飛行之方向相反的 轉動,即,後旋量’和與旋量之方向側向的轉動,即,側 旋量。總旋量是為後旋量與側旋量的向量相加。一高爾夫 球的旋轉速率是為在飛行時高爾夫球以其之軸心為中心轉 動的速度。典型地,該旋轉速率是以每分鐘轉數(rpm)的形 式來測量。南爾夫球的旋量是與高爾夫球的變形量有關。 高爾夫球的變形量能夠根據壓電材料在壓縮時之輸出之大 小來被決定。根據變形量,旋轉速率能夠被決定。不同的 擊打高爾夫球資料可以被取得,包括,但不限於:變形量、 變形角度、球速、旋轉速率'後旋量、側旋量及其他=高 爾夫球有關的參數。 、门 請參閲第15圆所不’在第二步驟1504,依據以上所討 論之·^或多個實施例’該内部傳感器是經由—發射器傳輸 擊打高衫球貞料。在某些情況巾,該㈣傳感器可以由 201141579 » -來Μ«電材料部份的輸出來被供應能量。在豆他情況 中,該内部傳感器可以包括-儲能裝置,像是電池或電容 器般。在第三步驟15〇6,來自該内部傳感器之傳輸擊打高 爾夫球資料會由-探測器接收。請參閱第15圖所示,只要 該擊打高爾夫球資料被接收,該球資料會由一高爾夫球記 錄單元記錄。在某些實施例中,該記錄單元可以是包括有 該探測器。在其他實施例中,該高爾夫球記錄單元可以是 -個與該探測器連通_立單元。該探測器可以是以上所 述之接收器或南爾夫球記錄單元之任一或多個實施例。在 步驟1510,該記錄擊打高爾夫球資料可以被輸出到其他系 統,包括在下面配合第17圖所述的那些(在下面作討論)。在 某些情況中,该擊打南爾夫球資料會被記錄以供稍後被輸 出到其他系統。在其他情況中,該擊打高爾夫球資料會被 立即輸出到其他系統。 第16圖描繪一種藉由感測來自在一高爾夫球内之壓電 材料之輸出來得到資料之方法1600的範例實施例。在第16 圖中所示之步驟的順序是為範例而並非是必要的。在第一 步驟1602中,當一高爾夫球被高爾夫球桿擊打時一探測器 感測來自5玄南爾夫球之壓電材料部份的輸出。如以上配人 第11圖所述’該探測器可以包括一用於感測一與來自在被 擊打之後移動之高爾夫球之壓電材料部份之輸出有關之磁 埸的磁埸傳感器。在步驟1604 ’該探測器使來自壓電材料 部份的感測輸出與擊打高爾夫球資料相關聯。該探剛器可 以包括用於執行關聯性之以上所述的電路。 17 201141579 請參閱第16圖所示,只要該擊打高爾夫球資料已根據 來自壓電材料部份的感測輸出來成相關聯,該擊打高爾夫 球資料會在步驟1606由高爾夫球記錄單元記錄。在某些實 施例中,該記錄單元可以是包括有該探測器。在其他實施 例中,該高爾夫球記錄單元可以是與該探測器連通的獨立 單元。該探測器可以是以上所述之接收器或高爾夫球記錄 單元之任一或多個實施例。在步驟1608,該記錄擊打高爾 夫球資料可以被輸出其他系統,包括在下面配合第17圖作 描述的那些。在某些情況中,該擊打高爾夫球資料可以被 記錄以供稍後被輸出到其他系統。在其他情況中,該擊打 高爾夫球資料可以被立即輸出到其他系統。 第17圖是為利用擊打高爾夫球資料之不同實施例的示 意圖1700。擊打高爾夫球1702可以利用以上所述之實施例 中之一者或多者來被得到。擊打高爾夫球資料1702會被發 送到一電腦1704。在某些實施例中,電腦1704可以包括, 但不限定為:桌上型電腦、可攜帶型電腦、伺服器、智慧 型電話或者其他包括一處理器的可攜帶型裝置、透過網路 連接到伺服器的終端機、及其他用於處理資料的硬體或軟 體結構。 請參閱第Π圖所示,電腦1704會允許所得到的擊打高 爾夫球資料由不同的系統使用。在一實施例中,擊打高爾 夫球資料1702可以與高爾夫球適配系統1708 —起使用。本 方法及系統之從具有壓電材料之高爾夫球得到的擊打高爾 夫球資料可以被使用作為在該於2009年7月7日提出申請之 18S 12 201141579 Referring to Fig. 12, another exemplary embodiment of a golf ball 1200 would include a piezoelectric material portion 1204 and an internal sensor 1206. In this embodiment, internal sensor 1206 detects the output from piezoelectric material portion 1204 and utilizes internal antenna 1208 to transmit a signal 1210 associated with the detected output via a transmitter (not shown). As shown in FIG. 12, the receiver 106 includes an antenna 202 for receiving a signal 1210 from the golf ball 1200. In another exemplary embodiment shown in Fig. 13, the golf ball 13'' includes a piezoelectric material portion 1304 and an internal sensor 1306. In this embodiment, internal sensor 1306 includes an internal antenna 1308 and a data storage device 1310. The data storage device 1310 can store data from the internal sensor 1306 that is generated when the golf ball 1300 is hit by a golf club. In one embodiment, the data storage device 1310 can be used to record information relating to a golfer who hits a golf ball 1300 several times. In other embodiments, the data storage device 1310 can be used to record information relating to a golfer who hits a golf ball like a golf ball 1300 during play. The Nalph 1300 can be placed proximate to a golf ball data recording unit 1314 to cause transmission from the Nalph 1300 signal 1316 containing the hit golf ball data stored in the data storage device 1310. In an embodiment, the golf ball data recording unit 1314 can generate a magnetic yoke that causes compression of the piezoelectric material portion 13〇4 within the golf ball 1300. This compression produces a charge in the piezoelectric material portion 1304' which is used to supply the internal sensor 1306 energy. In this embodiment, internal sensor 13〇6 utilizes internal 13 201141579 antenna 1308 to transmit a signal 1316 containing the hit golf ball data stored in memory storage 1310 via a transmitter (not shown). The golf ball data recording unit 1314 receives the signal 1316 via the antenna 1312. In some embodiments, golf ball data recording unit 13 14 can communicate with golf ball 1300 using RFID technology. In other embodiments, golf ball data recording unit 1314 may utilize any electromagnetic, optical, acoustic or other form of communication to receive hit golf material from golf ball 1300. In an exemplary embodiment, the golf ball data recording unit 1314 may include a processor. In various embodiments, the golf ball data recording unit 1314 may be provided in various hardware and software configurations, including but not limited to Computer, smart phone or other removable tape device including a processor, a terminal connected to the server via a network, and other hardware or software structures for processing data. Figure 14 depicts an exemplary embodiment of a method 1400 for producing an output in a piezoelectric material portion of a golf ball when the golf ball is hit by a golfer with a golf club. The order of the steps shown in Fig. 14 is an example and is not essential. In a first step 14A2, a golfer hits a golf ball containing a portion of piezoelectric material with a golf club. In a second step 1404, the golf ball is deformed by the force of the impact with the golf club. In a third step 14A6, the deformation caused by the force of the impact compresses the portion of the piezoelectric material within the golf ball. The compression of the portion of the piezoelectric material in step 14 〇 8 produces a charge that supplies the energy of the piezoelectric material portion of the golf ball. In step 141, the output from the portion of the piezoelectric material to which the energy is supplied is measured. In some embodiments, the output will be - 201141579 voltage. In other embodiments, the output will be a current. Figure 15 depicts an exemplary embodiment of a method 150 for obtaining information from an internal sensor within a golf ball containing a portion of piezoelectric material. The order of the steps shown in Fig. 15 is for the sake of example and is not essential. In a first step 1502, an internal sensor within the golf ball detects an output from a portion of the piezoelectric material of the golf ball. The internal sensor can include circuitry to correlate the detected output from the piezoelectric material portion with the hit golf material. In some cases, the circuit will include a processor that accesses a database of known correlations between the measured output of the piezoelectric material and the hit golf material. In other cases, the circuit can include a circuit that multiplies the detected output from the portion of piezoelectric material by a specified amount to associate the output with the hit golf material. A different circuit from the 'piezoelectric material output associated with the hit golf material can be set. The hit golf ball data may include, but is not limited to, deformation amount, deformation angle, ball speed, back spin amount, side spin amount, total spin amount, and other golf ball related parameters. In some embodiments, the correlation between the output from the piezoelectric material and the hit golf ball data is achievable. Because the piezoelectric material produces a charge that is proportional to the amount of impact force applied to the piezoelectric material, hitting the golf ball data correlates knowledge of the impact force with the golf ball characteristics. In some cases, this correlation can be generated by hitting a golf ball of a known structure several times using a golf swinging robot and collecting measurement data related to the golfing. Golf swingers are well known, and any type of robot that can swing a golf club according to a set of programming instructions can be used. In some embodiments, the result can include a database containing known correlations between the measured turn of the piezoelectric material and the hit golf material. In other cases, a processor can be used to execute a program that correlates the measured output of the piezoelectric material with the hit golf material. In an exemplary embodiment, the resulting hit golf ball data includes the ball speed and the spin material. The ball speed is a measure of the speed of the - (iv) ball after it has been struck by the face of the high-ball club. Since the output of the piezoelectric material is proportional to the force of the impact of the head and the Nalph ball, the ball speed can be determined based on the measurement of the current detected in the piezoelectric material. The spin of the golf ball is the rotation of the golf ball while flying. The spin amount includes a rotation opposite to the direction of flight, i.e., a back spin amount ' and a side turn with the direction of the spin amount, that is, a side turn amount. The total spin is the sum of the vector of the back spin and the side spin. The rotation rate of a golf ball is the speed at which the golf ball is rotated about its axis during flight. Typically, this rate of rotation is measured in revolutions per minute (rpm). The spin of the Nalph ball is related to the amount of deformation of the golf ball. The amount of deformation of the golf ball can be determined based on the magnitude of the output of the piezoelectric material at the time of compression. The rate of rotation can be determined based on the amount of deformation. Different shot golf data can be obtained, including, but not limited to, deformation amount, deformation angle, ball speed, rotation rate 'revolution amount, side rotation amount, and other parameters related to the golf ball. The door is referred to in the 15th circle. In the second step 1504, the internal sensor transmits the hit shirt ball via the transmitter according to the above discussion or multiple embodiments. In some cases, the (four) sensor can be supplied with energy from the output of the 201141579 » - Μ «electric material part. In the case of beans, the internal sensor may include an energy storage device such as a battery or a capacitor. In a third step 15〇6, the transmission hitting the golf ball data from the internal sensor is received by the -detector. Referring to Figure 15, as long as the hit golf material is received, the ball data is recorded by a golf record unit. In some embodiments, the recording unit can include the detector. In other embodiments, the golf ball recording unit may be a communication unit with the detector. The detector can be any one or more of the above described receiver or Nalph ball recording unit. At step 1510, the record hit golf material may be output to other systems, including those described below in conjunction with Figure 17 (discussed below). In some cases, the hit Nalph data will be recorded for later output to other systems. In other cases, the hit golf information will be immediately output to other systems. Figure 16 depicts an exemplary embodiment of a method 1600 for obtaining data by sensing the output of piezoelectric material from within a golf ball. The order of the steps shown in Figure 16 is exemplary and not necessary. In a first step 1602, a detector senses the output of the portion of piezoelectric material from the 5 Shennulf ball when a golf ball is struck by a golf club. As described above in Fig. 11, the detector may include a magnetic ray sensor for sensing a magnetic ridge associated with an output from a portion of the piezoelectric material of the golf ball that is moved after being struck. At step 1604' the detector associates the sensed output from the piezoelectric material portion with the hit golf ball material. The detector can include the circuitry described above for performing the correlation. 17 201141579 Referring to Figure 16, as long as the hit golf material has been correlated based on the sensed output from the piezoelectric material portion, the hit golf material will be recorded by the golf record unit at step 1606. . In some embodiments, the recording unit can include the detector. In other embodiments, the golf ball recording unit can be a separate unit in communication with the detector. The detector can be any one or more of the above described receiver or golf ball recording units. At step 1608, the record hit golf ball data can be output to other systems, including those described below in conjunction with FIG. In some cases, the hit golf material may be recorded for later output to other systems. In other cases, the hit golf material can be immediately output to other systems. Figure 17 is a schematic diagram 1700 of a different embodiment for utilizing hitting golf ball data. The hit golf ball 1702 can be obtained using one or more of the embodiments described above. The hit golf material 1702 is sent to a computer 1704. In some embodiments, the computer 1704 can include, but is not limited to, a desktop computer, a portable computer, a server, a smart phone, or other portable device including a processor, connected to the network. The server's terminal, and other hardware or software structures used to process the data. Referring to the figure, the computer 1704 will allow the resulting golf ball data to be used by different systems. In an embodiment, the hit golf ball material 1702 can be used with the golf ball fit system 1708. The hit golf ball data obtained from the golf ball having the piezoelectric material of the method and system can be used as the application filed on July 7, 2009.

S 201141579 名稱為”Method and System for Golf Ball Fitting Analysis” 之美國專利申請案第12/498,364號案之本案申請人擁有之 待決美國專利第__________號中所揭露之系統中的組 件’美國專利申請案是被併合於此中作為參考。 請參閱第17圖所示,在一實施例中,擊打高爾夫球資 料1702可以與—高爾夫球桿適配系統1710 —起使用。本方 法與系統之從具有壓電材料之高爾夫球得到的擊打高爾夫 球資料可以被使用作為在任何使用與高爾夫球有關之輸入 資料來決定球桿選擇之高爾夫球桿適配系統中的組件。 在另一實施例中,如在第17圖中所示,擊打高爾夫球 貧料1702可以與—高爾夫球員側寫資料庫1712—起使用。 在某些情況中,高爾夫球員側寫資料庫1712可以包括與高 爾夫球員有_歷史資料。在其他情況中,高爾夫球員側 寫資料庫1712可以包括與高岐球員之職有_擊打高 爾夫球資料。在某些實關中,高爾夫球M側寫f料庫i 7 = 可以儲存高岐球㈣輸人與資訊。這會致使高爾夫球員 在若干時間過去之後諸評估叫定它們的運動是如何隨 時間改變。這也會致使高_夫球員藉由僅對他們的: 料改變那些輸人來準備在具有不同高度與氣候的不同位^ 打球。這也會致使他們的資訊在旅行或改變位置 的可攜帶性。 兄下 本方法與系統之從具有壓電材料之高爾夫球得 高爾夫球資料可以是一更廣泛之運動員資料丁 及取回系統的-部份,在其中,生命統計與 ^被 19 201141579 儲存以供回顧或以各種紅式力析’並建議適合一運動員之 球赛的新裝備。如此的程式或資料能夠在能夠由彼此允許 觀看該資料之使用者分享資料的電腦1704運行,包括具一 處理器的手持裝置,像是智慧型電話或其他個人電子計算 裝置般。在某些情況中’網際網路1706可以被用來把擊打 高爾夫球資料〖702傳輸到資料是可以被儲存、分析、與分 享的其他電腦或伺服器。 除了以上所述的實施例之外’具有壓電材料的高爾夫 球可以在其他利用壓電材料之特質的系統中使用。例如, 一種系統與方法能夠施加一電壓到一具有壓電材料之高爾 夫球俾在該高爾夫球上產生壓縮力量。在如此的一種系統 與方法中’該壓縮力量能夠被用來產生該高爾夫球對抗一 高爾夫球桿之桿面的額外推力或彈力或者能夠被用來在撞 擊之前使該高爾夫球的外殼變硬以減少旋轉量。 〜隶G傲描述,該說明是傾向 t作為例證,Μ是限制且對於熟知柄技術的人仕而言 =易知的是在本發明之範圍之内之更多的實施例及 ΓΓΓ能的。據此,除了按照後附的中請專利範圍以 2之纽物之外,本發明是未被限制的。而且 之申請專利範_範@之内各觀化與改變會 【圖式簡單說明】 乂 第1圖是為一位於一測每a &gt;古π 球、4 ▲ , 口之冋爾夫球員與-高爾夫 求、和一而爾夫球桿的等尺寸圖.S 201141579 US Patent Application Serial No. 12/498,364, entitled "Method and System for Golf Ball Fitting Analysis", the component of the system disclosed in the pending US Patent No. __________ The patent application is incorporated herein by reference. Referring to Figure 17, in one embodiment, the hit golf ball material 1702 can be used with the golf club adapter system 1710. The method and system of hitting golf ball data obtained from a golf ball having a piezoelectric material can be used as a component in any golf club fitting system that uses golf ball related input data to determine club selection. In another embodiment, as shown in Figure 17, the hit golf ball poor 1702 can be used with the golfer profile database 1712. In some cases, the golfer profile database 1712 may include _historical data with golf players. In other cases, the golfer profile database 1712 may include _ hitting golf ball information with the sorghum player. In some real customs, the golf ball M side write f library i 7 = can store high ball (four) input and information. This can cause the golfers to evaluate how their movements change over time after a certain amount of time has elapsed. This will also cause the high-sports players to play in different positions with different heights and climates by only changing those who are: This also causes their information to be travelable or change the portability of the location. Brother's method and system from golf balls with piezoelectric materials can be a part of a wider range of athletes' data and retrieval systems, in which vital statistics and ^ are stored in 19 201141579 for Review or use various red styles to analyze 'and recommend new equipment suitable for an athlete's game. Such programs or materials can be run on a computer 1704 that can share information by users who are permitted to view the data, including a handheld device having a processor, such as a smart phone or other personal electronic computing device. In some cases 'Internet 1706' can be used to transfer the hit golf material 702 to the data to other computers or servers that can be stored, analyzed, and shared. In addition to the embodiments described above, a golf ball having a piezoelectric material can be used in other systems utilizing the characteristics of piezoelectric materials. For example, a system and method is capable of applying a voltage to a golf ball with a piezoelectric material to create a compressive force on the golf ball. In such a system and method, the compressive force can be used to create additional thrust or spring force of the golf ball against the face of a golf club or can be used to stiffen the outer shell of the golf ball prior to impact. Reduce the amount of rotation. </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> </ RTI> <RTIgt; Accordingly, the invention is not limited except as claimed in the appended claims. Moreover, the application of the patent _ Fan @ within the various views and changes will be [simplified graphical description] 乂 Figure 1 is for a test of each a &gt; ancient π ball, 4 ▲, mouth of the 冋 球员 player and - Golf size, and the size chart of the golf club.

第2圖是為一處於一測試A 之 D之罪近~探測器/接收器 20 201141579 南爾夫球之特寫的等尺寸圖; 苐3圖是為具有壓電材料之尚爾夫球之不同範例貫施 例的橫截面圖; 第4圖是為一設有一内部發射器與記憶體儲存器之具 有一壓電材料層之高爾夫球之範例實施例的分解圖; 第5圖是為一即將被一高爾夫球桿擊打之具有壓電材 料之南爾夫球的等尺寸圖, 第6圖是為一被高爾夫球桿擊打之具有壓電材料之高 爾夫球的等尺寸圖; 第7圖是為一處於變形情況下之具有壓電材料之高爾 夫球的等尺寸圖; 第8圖是為一在變形之後具有壓電材料之高爾夫球的 等尺寸圖; 第9圖是為一從一内部發射器傳輸一訊號之具有壓電 材料之南爾夫球的等尺寸圖, 第10圖是為從一具有壓電材料之高爾夫球到一接收器 之訊號傳輸之範例實施例的橫截面圖; 第11圖是為藉一探測器之從一具有壓電材料之高爾夫 球之訊號偵測之範例實施例的橫截面圖; 第12圖是為從一具有壓電材料之高爾夫球到一接收器 之訊號傳輸之範例實施例的橫截面圖; 第13圖是為從一具有壓電材料之高爾夫球到一接收器 之訊號傳輸之範例實施例的橫截面圖; 第14圖是為一種在一高爾夫球之壓電材料部份中產生 21 201141579 一輸出之方法之實施例的流程圖; 第15圖是為一種從一高爾夫球内之一内部傳感器得到 資料之方法之範例實施例的流程圖; 第16圖是為一種藉由感測一來自一高爾夫球内之壓電 材料之輸出來得到資料之方法之範例實施例的流程圖;及 第17圖是為用於使用高爾夫球資料之不同實施例的示 意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】Figure 2 is an isometric view of a close-up of a test A/detector/receiver 20 201141579 Nalph ball; 苐3 is the difference between a ball with a piezoelectric material A cross-sectional view of an example embodiment; FIG. 4 is an exploded view of an exemplary embodiment of a golf ball having a layer of piezoelectric material with an internal emitter and a memory reservoir; FIG. 5 is an upcoming An isometric view of a Nanlf ball with a piezoelectric material struck by a golf club, and Figure 6 is an isometric view of a golf ball with a piezoelectric material struck by a golf club; Figure 7 Is an isometric view of a golf ball with a piezoelectric material in a deformed condition; Figure 8 is an isometric view of a golf ball having a piezoelectric material after deformation; Figure 9 is an internal An equal-sized view of a transmitter transmitting a signal of a magnetic material of a Nalph ball, and FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of signal transmission from a golf ball having a piezoelectric material to a receiver; Figure 11 is for borrowing a detector from one to have A cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of a signal detection of a golf ball of a piezoelectric material; FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of signal transmission from a golf ball having a piezoelectric material to a receiver; Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of signal transmission from a golf ball having a piezoelectric material to a receiver; Figure 14 is a view of a piezoelectric material portion of a golf ball 21 201141579 Flowchart of an embodiment of a method of outputting; Figure 15 is a flow diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a method for obtaining data from an internal sensor within a golf ball; Figure 16 is a diagram of a method for sensing A flowchart of an exemplary embodiment of a method of outputting piezoelectric material within a golf ball to obtain data; and FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a different embodiment for use of golf ball data. [Main component symbol description]

S 100…測試台 330…連接導線 102…高爾夫球員 340…高爾夫球 104···高爾夫ί求 342…外殼 106…接收器 344…壓電材料部份 108…高爾夫球桿 346···彼覆 200…桿面 348…内部傳感器 202…天線 350…連接導線 300…高爾夫球 3 52…球心 302…外殼 360…高爾夫球 304…壓電材料部份 362…外殼 306…球心 364…壓電材料部份 320···高爾夫球 366…球心 322…外殼 368…内部傳感器 324…壓電材料部份 370…連接導線 326…球心 380…高爾夫球 328···内部傳感器 382…外殼 22 201141579 384…壓電材料部份 386…彼覆 388.&quot;内部傳感器 390…球心 400…天線 402…發射器 404…資料儲存裝置 900…傳輸 1000…高爾夫球 1002…高爾夫球外殼材料 1004…壓電材料部份 1006…外表面 1008…内部傳感器 1010.··訊號 1100···高爾夫球 1104…壓電材料部份 1106···電荷 1108…磁場 1110…磁埸傳感器 1112···探測器 1200…高爾夫球 1204…壓電材料部份 1206…内部傳感器 1208…内部天線 1210…訊號 1300…高爾夫球 1304…壓電材料部份 1306…内部傳感器 1308…内部天線 1310…資料儲存裝置 1312···天線 1314…高爾夫球資料記錄單元 1316…訊號 1400、1500、1600···方法 1402〜1410…步驟 1502〜1510…步驟 1602〜1608…步驟 1702…擊打高爾夫球資料 1704…電腦 1706…網路 1708…高爾.夫球適配系統 1710…球桿適配系統 1712···高爾夫球員側寫資料庫 23S 100...test stand 330...connecting wire 102...golfer 340...golf ball 104···golf 342...shell 106...receiver 344...piezoelectric material part 108...golf club 346··· ... face 348... internal sensor 202... antenna 350... connecting wire 300... golf ball 3 52... ball 302... outer casing 360... golf ball 304... piezoelectric material portion 362... outer casing 306... ball core 364... piezoelectric material portion Parts 320··· Golf ball 366...sphere 322...shell 368...internal sensor 324...piezoelectric material portion 370...connecting wire 326...ball center 380...golf ball 328···internal sensor 382...housing 22 201141579 384... Piezoelectric material portion 386... 392. &quot;Internal sensor 390...ball center 400...antenna 402...transmitter 404...data storage device 900...transport 1000...golf ball 1002...golf shell material 1004...piezoelectric material portion Parts 1006...outer surface 1008...internal sensor 1010.··· signal 1100··· golf ball 1104...piezoelectric material part 1106···charge 1108...magnetic field 1110...magnetic head sensor 1112 Detector 1200... Golf ball 1204... Piezoelectric material part 1206... Internal sensor 1208... Internal antenna 1210... Signal 1300... Golf ball 1304... Piezoelectric material part 1306... Internal sensor 1308... Internal antenna 1310... Data storage device 1312···Antenna 1314...Golf data recording unit 1316...Signal 1400, 1500, 1600··Methods 1402~1410...Steps 1502~1510...Steps 1602~1608...Step 1702...Beat golf information 1704...Computer 1706 ...network 1708...Gool's ball fit system 1710...club fit system 1712···Golfman profile database 23

Claims (1)

201141579 七、申請專利範圍: 1. 一種高爾夫球,包含: 外殼; 球心;以及 壓電材料層。 2. 根據申請專利範圍第1項所述的高爾夫球,其中,壓電 材料層包含聚偏氟乙烯(polyvinylidene fluoride)材料。 3. 根據申請專利範圍第1項所述的高爾夫球,其中,壓電 材料層設置在接近外殼的下面。 4. 根據申請專利範圍第1項所述的高爾夫球,其中,高爾 夫球進一步包含用於探測由壓電材料層產生的輸出的 内部傳感器。 5. 根據申請專利範圍第4項所述的高爾夫球,其中,内部 傳感器包括發射器和天線。 6. 根據申請專利範圍第5項所述的高爾夫球,其中,内部 傳感器進一步包括資料存儲裝置。 7. 根據申請專利範圍第4項所述的高爾夫球,其中,内部傳 感器設置在球心内部,壓電材料層設置在球心和外殼之 間,並且導線連接内部傳感器和壓電材料層。 8. —種獲得擊打高爾夫球資料的系統,包含: 具有壓電材料部分的爾夫球, 用於測量與壓電材料部分有關的輸出的傳感器;以及 與傳感器通訊的探測器,用於接收由傳感器測量的 輸出,其中探測器利用輸出獲得擊打高爾夫球資料。 24 201141579 9. 根據申請專利範圍第8項所述的系統,其中,傳感器是 設置在高爾夫球中的内部傳感器。 10. 根據申請專利範圍第9項所述的系統,其中,内部傳感 器進一步包括發射器和天線。 11. 根據申請專利範圍第10項所述的系統,其中,探測器是 包括天線的接收器,該天線接收由高爾夫球内的發射器 發射的信號。 12. 根據申請專利範圍第8項所述的系統,其中,高爾夫球 包含: 外殼; 球心;並且 其中壓電材料部分包含設置在球心和外殼之間的層。 13. 根據申請專利範圍第12項所述的系統,其中,壓電材料 層包含聚偏氟乙烯材料。 14. 根據申請專利範圍第8項所述的系統,其中,探測器將 擊打高爾夫球資料發送到至少高爾夫球適配系統、高爾 夫球桿適配系統或高爾夫球員側寫資料庫。 15. —種獲得擊打高爾夫球資料的方法,包含: 向高爾夫球提供壓電材料部分; 測量高爾夫球被高爾夫球桿擊打時與壓電材料部 分有關的輸出; 將與壓電材料部分有關的測量的輸出與已知的高 爾夫球資料相互關聯從而獲得擊打高爾夫球資料;以及 記錄擊打高爾夫球資料。 25 201141579 16. 根據申請專利範圍第15項所述的方法,其中,測量高爾 夫球被高爾夫球桿擊打時與壓電材料部分有關的輸出 包含: 感測與來自高爾夫球中的壓電材料部分有關的輸 出;以及 將來自高爾夫球内的發射器的感測的輸出發射到 高爾夫球外的接收器。 17. 根據申請專利範圍第15項所述的方法,其中,壓電材料部 分包含設置在高爾夫球的外殼和球心之間的層。 18. 根據申請專利範圍第15項所述的方法,其中,向高爾夫 球提供壓電材料部分包含將壓電材料的層注入到高爾 夫球中。 19. 根據申請專利範圍第15項所述的方法,其中,壓電材料 部分包含聚偏氟乙烯材料。 20. 根據申請專利範圍第15項所述的方法,進一步包含對至 少高爾夫球適配系統、高爾夫球桿適配系統或高爾夫球 員側寫資料庫輸出記錄的擊打高爾夫球資料。 S 26201141579 VII. Patent Application Range: 1. A golf ball comprising: a casing; a ball core; and a layer of piezoelectric material. 2. The golf ball according to claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric material layer comprises a polyvinylidene fluoride material. 3. The golf ball of claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric material layer is disposed adjacent to the underside of the outer casing. 4. The golf ball of claim 1, wherein the golf ball further comprises an internal sensor for detecting an output produced by the layer of piezoelectric material. 5. The golf ball of claim 4, wherein the internal sensor comprises a transmitter and an antenna. 6. The golf ball of claim 5, wherein the internal sensor further comprises a data storage device. 7. The golf ball according to claim 4, wherein the internal sensor is disposed inside the core, the piezoelectric material layer is disposed between the core and the outer casing, and the wire connects the inner sensor and the piezoelectric material layer. 8. A system for obtaining golf ball data, comprising: a ball having a piezoelectric material portion, a sensor for measuring an output related to a piezoelectric material portion; and a detector for communicating with the sensor for receiving An output measured by a sensor, wherein the detector uses the output to obtain a hit golf ball data. The system of claim 8 wherein the sensor is an internal sensor disposed in the golf ball. 10. The system of claim 9 wherein the internal sensor further comprises a transmitter and an antenna. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the detector is a receiver comprising an antenna that receives a signal transmitted by a transmitter within the golf ball. 12. The system of claim 8 wherein the golf ball comprises: a housing; a center of the ball; and wherein the portion of piezoelectric material comprises a layer disposed between the center of the ball and the outer casing. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the piezoelectric material layer comprises a polyvinylidene fluoride material. 14. The system of claim 8 wherein the detector transmits the hit golf material to at least a golf ball fit system, a golf club fit system, or a golfer profile database. 15. A method of obtaining a hit golf ball material comprising: providing a portion of a piezoelectric material to a golf ball; measuring an output associated with a portion of the piezoelectric material when the golf ball is struck by the golf club; The measured output correlates with known golf material to obtain hit golf material; and records the hit golf material. The method of claim 15, wherein measuring the output of the portion of the piezoelectric material when the golf ball is struck by the golf club comprises: sensing and portion of the piezoelectric material from the golf ball Relevant output; and transmitting the sensed output from the transmitter within the golf ball to a receiver outside of the golf ball. 17. The method of claim 15 wherein the piezoelectric material portion comprises a layer disposed between the outer shell of the golf ball and the center of the ball. 18. The method of claim 15, wherein providing the golf ball with the piezoelectric material portion comprises injecting a layer of piezoelectric material into the golf ball. 19. The method of claim 15, wherein the piezoelectric material portion comprises a polyvinylidene fluoride material. 20. The method of claim 15 further comprising the output of the hit golf material recorded for at least the golf ball fitting system, the golf club fitting system, or the golfer profile database. S 26
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