201140508 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係、關於-種具有一内建煙霧㈣功能之照明裝 置。 【先前技術】 例如，在德國實用新型公開案第DE 2〇219425號中揭 示’-燈配備有-煙㈣測器’其可為可在市場中講得的 任何合適類型。該煙霧偵測器係附接在該燈之一適當零 件，諸如在緊固元件處。 例如，當該照明裝置太小以致不能含有此一設備時，僅 配備具有一單獨煙霧偵測器之任何種類照明裝置係不便利 的。 【發明内容】 本發明之一目標係提供減輕先前技術之上述缺點之一照 明裝置》 此目標係藉由根據本發明如技術方案丨中所界定的一照 明裝置而達成。 本發明係基於以下之一洞察：在特定狀況下，可能使用 出於照射目的由該照明裝置本身或一鄰近照明裝置所發射 的光以偵測周圍空氣中的煙霧。 因此’根據本發明之一態樣’提供一照明裝置，其包括 一光源、一光編碼器、一光偵測器（其係經組態以偵測編 碼光），與一警報產生器《該光編碼器與該光源連接，用 於以一個別編碼來編碼該光源之輸出光。該光偵測器係位 151679.doc 201140508 於來自該光源之直接光照射之外且係經配置以债測在空氣 中的煙霧顆粒上反射後之該個別編碼光。該警報產生器與 該光偵測器連接’其中當一煙霧偵測條件滿足時，該照明 裝置係經組態以產生一警報。在本發明之意義内，一照明 裝置將照射空間、區域、目標物等作為其主要功能。 藉由使用由該照明裝置本身或在其之附近的另一照明裝 置所產生的編碼光，為達成該煙霧偵測功能，可能僅添加 少數小零件至沒有一煙霧偵測器之原始照明裝置。藉此， 該照明裝置保持在與沒有該煙霧偵測器近似相同的尺寸。 無需添加一單獨完全的煙霧偵測器至該照明裳置。 根據δ亥照明裝置之一實施例，其進一步包括一表面反射 阻隔器，其係經配置以阻隔由圍繞該照明裝置之表面所反 射的光到達該光偵測器。藉此，將假警報之風險最小化。 根據S亥照明裝置一實施例，該表面反射阻隔器包括配置 於該偵測器前面之一光學元件，其中該光學元件將來自一 預定距離之光聚焦至該偵測器上。藉由選擇該光學元件之 一適當焦距，僅來自一確定距離（範圍）之光聚焦於該偵測 器上及藉此可偵測作為來自空氣中的顆粒之一真實反射。 根據該照明《置之一實&例，言亥光學元件係、可調整。該 照明裝置包括用於跨越一掃描區域掃描該光學元件之一光 學掃描控制器。該光學元件之可調整性在可涵蓋一較大區 域以偵測煙霧中係有利的。 根m日月裝置之一實施例，當在一單一掃描期間在該 掃參區域内之預疋數量之掃描位置處已超過一偵測臨限值 15I679.doc 201140508 時，該煙霧偵測條件滿足^此實施例係經更好的配備以避 免叙警報，諸如來自一單一蠟燭光之煙霧，其過度但無害 地冒煙並且恰好位於該照明裝置下面。 根據該照明裝置之一實施例，該表面反射阻隔器包括一 屏蔽，其係配置於該偵測器之前面且距離該偵測器一距離 處使得來自該光源之該光輸出之-部分穿過該偵測器與該 屏蔽之間的空間。此屏蔽提供來自周圍表面之反射之一總 物理光阻隔，且僅在該屏蔽與該制器之間的空氣中的顆 粒產生一警報。 根據該照明裝置之一實施例，該照明裝置在一高強度狀 態與-低強度狀態之間可切換，纟中該低強度狀態中的光 源毛射-亥同強度位準之一小分率但是足夠高以實現煙霧偵 測之強度位準之光。以此方式，可將該照明裝置看作為 關閉’但是仍然作為—煙霧偵測器。 根據該照明裝置之-實施例，該光偵測器係經配置以偵 測用若干不同編碼所編碼的光。以此實施例，該照明裝置 能债測起源自其他照明裝置之光之光反射。因&，㈣以 探索一火災之若干照明裝置之組態可組態。 根據該照明裝置之__香 _ 〇1 1之貫钯例，该個別編碼係一分碼多會 存取類型編碼。 根=照明裝置之一實施例，該照明裝置包括一量測構 己置以量測該經偵測光之強度位準。此量測對於 提供作出比僅作用於單向通過該臨限值之一絕對臨限值偵 測更複雜之判定有用。 151679.doc201140508 VI. Description of the Invention: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a lighting device having a built-in smoke (four) function. [Prior Art] For example, it is disclosed in German Utility Model Publication No. DE 219 219 425 that the lamp is equipped with a smoke detector and can be any suitable type that can be marketed. The smoke detector is attached to one of the appropriate components of the lamp, such as at the fastening element. For example, when the lighting device is too small to contain such a device, it is inconvenient to equip only any type of lighting device having a single smoke detector. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION One object of the present invention is to provide a lighting device that alleviates the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art. This object is achieved by a lighting device as defined in the technical solution according to the present invention. The present invention is based on the insight that, under certain conditions, light emitted by the illumination device itself or an adjacent illumination device for illumination purposes may be used to detect smoke in the surrounding air. Thus, 'in accordance with an aspect of the present invention' is provided a lighting device comprising a light source, an optical encoder, a photodetector configured to detect encoded light, and an alarm generator An optical encoder is coupled to the light source for encoding the output light of the light source in a different encoding. The photodetector tether 151679.doc 201140508 is externally illuminated from the source and is configured to reflect the individual coded light reflected on the aerosol particles in the air. The alarm generator is coupled to the photodetector' wherein the illumination device is configured to generate an alarm when a smoke detection condition is met. Within the meaning of the invention, a lighting device has an illumination space, area, object, etc. as its primary function. By using the coded light generated by the illumination device itself or another illumination device in its vicinity, to achieve this smoke detection function, it is possible to add only a few small parts to the original illumination device without a smoke detector. Thereby, the illumination device is maintained at approximately the same size as without the smoke detector. There is no need to add a separate complete smoke detector to the lighting. According to one embodiment of the delta illumination device, it further includes a surface reflective blocker configured to block light reflected by the surface surrounding the illumination device from reaching the photodetector. In this way, the risk of false alarms is minimized. According to an embodiment of the Shai illumination device, the surface reflective blocker includes an optical element disposed in front of the detector, wherein the optical element focuses light from a predetermined distance onto the detector. By selecting an appropriate focal length of the optical element, only light from a determined distance (range) is focused on the detector and thereby detects true reflection as one of the particles from the air. According to the illumination "Implementation & Example, the Haihai optical component system can be adjusted. The illumination device includes an optical scanning controller for scanning the optical element across a scanning area. The adjustability of the optical element is advantageous in that it can cover a large area to detect smoke. In one embodiment of the root-m-day device, the smoke detection condition is satisfied when a detection threshold 15I679.doc 201140508 has been exceeded at a scanning position of the number of previews in the scanning area during a single scanning period. ^ This embodiment is better equipped to avoid alarms, such as smoke from a single candle light, which smokes excessively but harmlessly and just below the lighting device. According to an embodiment of the illumination device, the surface reflective blocker includes a shield disposed at a front surface of the detector and at a distance from the detector such that a portion of the light output from the light source passes through The space between the detector and the shield. This shield provides a total physical light block from one of the reflections from the surrounding surface, and only an alarm is generated in the air in the shield and the air between the shield. According to an embodiment of the illumination device, the illumination device is switchable between a high-intensity state and a low-intensity state, and the light source in the low-intensity state is one of a small fraction of the same intensity level but Light that is high enough to achieve the intensity level of smoke detection. In this way, the illumination device can be viewed as a 'close but still as a smoke detector. According to an embodiment of the illumination device, the photodetector is configured to detect light encoded with a number of different codes. In this embodiment, the illumination device is capable of detecting light reflections from light from other illumination devices. Because &, (d) is configurable to explore the configuration of several lighting devices for a fire. According to the palladium example of the illuminating device, the individual code is a code-based access type code. Root = one embodiment of a lighting device that includes a quantity of measurements configured to measure the intensity level of the detected light. This measurement is useful for providing decisions that are more complex than acting only on one-way absolute threshold detection through one of the thresholds. 151679.doc
-6- 201140508 根據本發明之另一態樣，提供一照明系統，其包括複數 個照明裝置與連接至該等照明裝置之一中央控制器。此照 明系統對於大型場所、一建築物等的令央控制之許产目的 有用。 根據該照明系統之一實施例，該中央控制器係經配置以 從偵測超過一多重偵測臨限值之反射光之該等照明裝置的 任何一個接收一煙霧偵測信號，其不滿足該煙霧偵測條 件，且該中央控制器係經配置以當在一預定時間週期内從 該等照明裝置之至少m分比接收煙霧偵測信號時產 生一警報。藉由此實施例，可能偵測更多的漫射煙霧雲， 儘管该等煙霧雲不夠密集以觸發該等照明裝置的一者之一 個別煙霧警報，但仍指示由其等實質擴展引起的一嚴重情 況。 月 從下文所描述之該等實施例，且參考下文所描述之該等 實施例而闡明’本發明之此等及其他態樣、特性與優點將 顯而易見。 ‘ 【實施方式】 明 現在將參考隨附圖式更詳細描述本發 在一第一實施例中，如圖…所示，該照明裝置！包相 -光源3、連接至該光源3之—光編碼器5，一光偵測器7途 連接至該光偵測器7之一警報產生器此外，該照明裝置 !包括-光學元件U，其作為—表面反射阻隔器。僅展示 此描述所關注之該照明裝置1之零件。 基本上，該照明裝置當然將照射其周圍作為一主要目 15I679.doc 201140508 的。作為一次要功能，其係經配置以當一煙霧偵測條件滿 足時產生一警報。 更特定言之，該光編碼器5係經配置以用一個別編碼來 編碼該光源3之輸出光。例如，且在此實施例巾，該光編 瑪器5調變驅動該光源之功率。在此實施例中，該編碼技 術係CDMA(分碼多重存取），但是如熟胃此項技術者所瞭 解，許多不同技術係可用的，（例如）純調頻。通常，該光 源係一 LED(發光二極體）光源，但是其他類型之可編碼光 源亦存在，例如，OLED、螢光燈、hid燈等。 定位該光㈣H7使得來自該光社直接光照射得以防 止。此外，其係經配置以偵測在空氣中的煙霧顆粒上反射 後之個別編碼光。該光偵測器7可挑出該個別編碼光且僅 基於該光將一警報觸發信號輸出至該警報產生器9。為實 行此一功能，該光偵測器7包括—偵測器元件13與一解碼 器15。該摘測器元件13偵測照射於其上之任何光且輸出一 對應彳s號至該解碼器1 5。然而，該解碼器15係選擇性且產 生專門關於正確解碼光之一輸出信號。因此，僅用一預定 個別編碼所編碼之經偵測光呈現來自該解碼器15之—輸出 信號。此外，該解碼器15係設定在一預定债測臨限值^， 亦即’在該解碼器15產生-輸出錢前，該經偵測個別編 碼光之強度必須超過該偵測臨限值。 該警報產生器9可為任何適當元件，諸如，一蜂鳴器、 一閃光燈、其之一組合或一些其他種類之警報產生器。 該光學元件11係經配置以阻隔由圍繞該照明裝置丨之表 151679.doc 201140508 面所反射之光到達該光偵測器。否則，此等反射可產生一 假警報。例如，該光學元件u包括具有一適當焦距之一透 鏡使得僅來自-確定距離或距離範圍的光將聚焦於該光债 測器7上。該距離應經選擇以相關地接近於該光學元件 Π ’且在該照明裝置1之一典型安裝之情況下，（較佳者）遠 離地板表面、桌子表面與經過該照明裝置之人。 為進一步將假警報之風險最小化，根據一第二實施例， 如圖5所示，該光學元件5〗係可調整，且更特定言之，在 一掃描範圍内，該焦距係可變。該照明裝置5〇包括一本端 控制器55，其係連接至該光學元件51，用於控制其掃描操 作，且連接至該光偵測器53以便接收其輸出信號。藉由調 整該光學元件5 1，該本端控制器55在掃描範圍R上自一端 至另一端執行一掃描，且在掃描期間，該本端控制器55在 複數個位置處取樣該光偵測器53之輸出信號。因此，該本 端控制器表現類似於一光學掃描控制器。若該所接收的個 別編碼光超過一預定偵測臨限值，則該光偵測器僅提供一 南」輸出彳5號。右έ亥專樣品之至少一預定百分比指示一 「高」輸出信號’則一煙霧偵測條件滿足，且該本端控制 器55將一啟動輸出信號饋送至該警報產生器57。 此外’當具有一 LED光源時，該照明裝置1、5〇通常（儘 官不必要）具備用於監控該光源3、59之溫度之一溫度感測 器17、5 8。該溫度感測器17、5 8可額外用於煙霧偵測。若 邊溫度增加超過一預定溫度臨限值，且不可歸因於該光源 3、5 9，則啟動該警報產生器9 ' 5 7。此預定溫度臨限值係 151679.doc 201140508 裝置在正常操作條件下不會達到一 卜w< /農度。就此而言，在 該第一實施例中，該溫度感測器係連接至該警報產生器 9 ’及在該第二實施例中，其係連接至該本端控制器V。 此外’藉由提供具有偵測可引起一過量溫度(諸如較佳者 在一内電路板上的短路電流）之内部錯誤條件之能力之該 本端控制器，其可排除一外部火災而因為損壞仍然發出警 報。 根據該照明裝置21之另一實施例，圖2最示意性地展 示，該表面反射阻隔器係由一屏蔽23所實施，此處係一平 板，其係配置於該光偵測器25之前面。該屏蔽係配置於距 離該光偵測器25—小距離處，在該屏蔽23與該光偵測器25 之間形成一空間。該屏蔽23係安裝於該光源27之旁邊以便 不與該光輸出之主要方向及功能干擾，且在該光源27前面 之一小距離處使得仍有該光輸出之一較小分率經過該空 間。 此實施例操作如下。當空氣充滿煙霧時，該煙霧之一些 進入該空間。然後，先前穿過該空間之光之一些藉由該煙 霧顆粒以朝著該光偵測器25之方向反射。當到達該光偵測 器25之光之數量超過一偵測臨限值時，該光偵測器25(或 更特定言之’其之一解碼器電路）將一啟動輸出信號饋送 至該警報產生器29。 視情況’本文所描述之每個照明裝置實施例在一開啟狀 態或高強度狀態與一準關閉狀態或低強度狀態之間可切 換。在開啟狀態中，該光源係被認為由一使用者點亮’亦 151679.doc 201140508 即’除了在開啟狀態内，該光源係藉由一全功率或可能一 可調光但在開啟狀態内之功率而啟用。在該準關閉狀態 中，該光源不完全係零供電但以一（非常）低功率啟用該 功率正好足夠高以維持該照明裝置之煙霧偵測功能。例 如，假使一LED光源，其在一實質上低於在開啟狀態中的 作用時間循環被啟用。該準關閉狀態中的一適當作用時間 循環可能大約為開啟狀態作用時間循環之〇1%。因此，在 該準關閉狀態中由於電引起的操作成本可忽略。應注意的 是，該經偵測光之信號品質不取決於該作用時間循環。例 如，無淪燈係準關閉或開啟，SNR比率總是相同。 根據該照明裝置之一第三實施例，如圖3所示，該照明 裝置係經配置以連同一照明系統61中的一個或多個其他照 ::裝置川桑作。出於簡單性之原因，在圖3中僅展示兩個 ”、、月裝置3 1，然而，該照明系統通常包括更多個照明裝 置。在此實施例中，該照明裝置31係經配置以能解碼一個 以上個別編碼。圖6展示具有此描述最相關之零件之一最 示意性方塊圖。因此’該照明系統61包括-中央控制器63 與複數個照明裝置3卜其等係經由諸如—乙太網路連接之 資料[机排64與s亥中央控制器63連接。各照明裝置3【包 括一本端控制器65、連接至該本端控制器65之-光編碼器 67、連接至該光編竭器67之—光祕，連接至該本端控制 器65之包含—偵測器元件73與—光解码器75之—光偵測器 7卜與連接至該本端控制器65之—警報產生器…在此實 ^中^於H則—煙霧條件之—不同方式，該等照明裝 151679.doc 201140508 置不需包括一矣而拓_ 表面反射阻隔器，如從下文描述將顯 見。 勿 該：明系統61操作如下。在起動時，且當完成一照明裝 置之-置換時，在該中央控制器63之控制下，將該照 統杈入運行。該投入運行在起動時包括一學習程序，盆 中各照明裝置31學習其他照明裝置3ι之個別光編碼，且者 -照明裝置31改變、移除或添加時更新。此外對於各照 月裝置3 1而5 ’從各照明裝置所接收之光之強度位準係藉 由該债測器元件73而量測，且儲存於該中央控制器63。^ 注意的是，對於各照明裝置31而言，該等其他照明裝置Μ 之-些之所量測的強度位準料係常見的。各照明裝置龄 控該等所接收光強度。例如’其每分鐘量測強度許多次： 在此照明系、統61中，該煙㈣測條件是，纟_單_昭明裝 置域之該等所接收光強度之至少一預定百分比應展、現從 該經投入運行值明顯改變。假定(作為一實例)—房間中有 六個照明裝置，而且其中之_第一照明裝置具有來自該等 其他照明裝置之經投入運行位準〇、〇、〇、i與3，盥來自 本身之卜例如’ t高位準可例如從在—閃亮金屬表面之 一反射而得。假定，在該房間中積累一煙霧雲，而且此導 致所接收強度改變為卜0、！"與2,而自身值改變為3。 也就是說’由於該煙霧’來自大多數該等照明裝㈣之光 散佈更廣泛，導致取決於原始狀態之強度位準之增加與減 少兩者。所接收強度值之改變亦係藉由該等其他照明裝置 31而偵測至-較高或較低範圍。現在假定例如該煙霧偵測 151679.doc 12 201140508 條件是，該經監控值之至少 中央㈣之至肩應改變達至少-單位。該 、控制斋63基於從所有昭明# φ 一〜 吓’月裝置31中所提取之所有值作 二疋’亦即’總共36個值。若其中之至少㈣已改變 早位’則該煙霧偵測條件滿^且產生—煙霧警報。 可精由δ亥中央控制器6 3經由該本端控制器^啟動一個或多 個之該等照明裝置31之該警報產生⑽而產生該警報。 使忒中央控制器63對該煙霧偵測條件作出判定有若干優 _ Η可付予一煙霧警報更加高的信賴度。具有作為 指示以代替橫跨-預定臨限值之位準改變之功能亦增加信 賴度’且此亦可用於單—照明裝置應用。‘然而，臨限值解 決方案在該照明系統中亦是有用的。 作為f代，該煙霧債測條件之評估係藉由該本端控制 器65而執行，且產生個別警報。 具有該光學元件類型之一表面反射阻隔器之照明裝置在 該照明系統中亦是有用的。 與照明I置互連之該照明系统萤十關於該煙霧侦測條件且 取決於該等本端控制器之能力之許多不同實施例開放該 等本端控制器之間及與該中央控制器的不同種類通訊係可 達成。此外，在此觀點中，若該等本端控制器能通訊且對 一可行位準作出判定，則該中央控制器甚至可被省略。 以上已描述如在隨附申請專利範圍中所界定之根據本發 明之該照明裝置之實施例。此等應被視為僅係非限制性實 例。如技術者所瞭解’在本發明之範疇内之許多修改與替 代實施例係可能的。 I51679.doc 201140508 因此，如藉由以上實施例所解釋，可能使用發射個別編 碼光之一照明裝置之光以達成一整合煙霧偵測功能。 應注意，出於此申請案之目的，且特別係關於隨附申請 專利範圍，單詞「包括」不排除其他元件或步驟，單詞 「一 j不排除複數，其本身對熟習此項技術者而言將顯而 易見。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係根據本發明之一照明裝置之一實施例之一示意性 截面圖； 圖2係根據本發明之—照明裝置之另一實施例之一示意 性截面圖； 圖3係根據本發明之一照明系統之一實施例之一示意性 截面圖； 圖4係圖1所示之該照明裝置之—方塊圖； 圖5係該照明裝置之另—實施例之一方塊圖；及 照明系統之另一實施例之一方塊 圖6係該照明裝置與— 圖 【主要元件符號說明】 1 照明裝置 3 光源 5 光編碼器 7 光偵測器 9 警報產生器 11 光學元件 151679.doc 201140508 13 偵測器元件 15 解碼器 17 溫度感測器 21 照明裝置 23 屏蔽 25 光偵測器 27 光源 31 照明裝置 51 光學元件 53 光偵測器 55 本端控制器 57 警報產生器 58 溫度感測器 59 光源 61 照明系統 63 中央控制器 64 資料匯流排 65 本端控制器 67 光編碼器 69 光源 71 光偵測器 73 偵測器元件 75 光解碼器 77 警報產生器 151679.doc -15--6- 201140508 In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, an illumination system is provided that includes a plurality of illumination devices and a central controller coupled to the illumination devices. This lighting system is useful for the purpose of controlling the central control of large buildings and buildings. According to an embodiment of the illumination system, the central controller is configured to receive a smoke detection signal from any one of the illumination devices that detect reflected light exceeding a multiple detection threshold, which is not satisfied The smoke detection condition, and the central controller is configured to generate an alarm when receiving a smoke detection signal from at least the m-score of the illumination devices for a predetermined period of time. With this embodiment, it is possible to detect more diffuse smoke clouds, even though the smoke clouds are not dense enough to trigger an individual smoke alarm for one of the lighting devices, but still indicate a one caused by their substantial expansion. Serious situation. These and other aspects, features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the description of the embodiments of the invention. ‘Embodiment】 The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in a first embodiment, as shown in the figure, the lighting device! a phase-light source 3, an optical encoder 5 connected to the light source 3, a light detector 7 connected to an alarm generator of the light detector 7, in addition, the illumination device includes - an optical element U, It acts as a surface reflection blocker. Only the parts of the lighting device 1 of interest to this description are shown. Basically, the illuminating device will of course illuminate its surroundings as a primary target 15I679.doc 201140508. As a primary function, it is configured to generate an alarm when a smoke detection condition is met. More specifically, the optical encoder 5 is configured to encode the output light of the source 3 with a different code. For example, and in this embodiment, the optical coder 5 modulates the power of the light source. In this embodiment, the coding technique is CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access), but as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, many different techniques are available, such as pure frequency modulation. Typically, the source is an LED (Light Emitting Diode) source, but other types of codeable sources are also present, such as OLEDs, fluorescent lamps, hid lamps, and the like. Positioning the light (4) H7 allows direct light exposure from the light agency to be prevented. In addition, it is configured to detect individual coded light that is reflected on the smoke particles in the air. The photodetector 7 can pick out the individual coded light and output an alarm trigger signal to the alarm generator 9 based only on the light. To perform this function, the photodetector 7 includes a detector element 13 and a decoder 15. The spectator element 13 detects any light illuminating thereon and outputs a corresponding 彳s number to the decoder 15. However, the decoder 15 is selective and produces an output signal specific to one of the correct decoded lights. Therefore, the detected light encoded by only a predetermined individual code presents the output signal from the decoder 15. In addition, the decoder 15 is set to a predetermined margin threshold, i.e., the intensity of the detected individual coded light must exceed the detection threshold before the decoder 15 generates-outputs money. The alarm generator 9 can be any suitable component, such as a buzzer, a flash, a combination thereof, or some other type of alarm generator. The optical component 11 is configured to block light reflected by the surface of the illuminating device 151679.doc 201140508 from reaching the photodetector. Otherwise, these reflections can produce a false alarm. For example, the optical element u includes a lens having a suitable focal length such that only light from a certain distance or range of distances will be focused on the optical signal detector 7. The distance should be selected to be relevantly close to the optical element Π 'and in the case of a typical installation of the illuminating device 1, preferably (relatively) away from the floor surface, the table surface and the person passing the illuminating device. To further minimize the risk of false alarms, according to a second embodiment, as shown in Figure 5, the optical component 5 is adjustable, and more specifically, the focal length is variable over a scan range. The illumination device 5A includes a local end controller 55 coupled to the optical component 51 for controlling its scanning operation and coupled to the photodetector 53 for receiving its output signal. By adjusting the optical component 5 1, the local controller 55 performs a scan from one end to the other end in the scanning range R, and during the scanning, the local controller 55 samples the light detection at a plurality of positions. The output signal of the device 53. Therefore, the local controller behaves like an optical scanning controller. If the received individual coded light exceeds a predetermined detection threshold, the photodetector provides only a South output 彳 5. At least a predetermined percentage of the right-handed Hai sample indicates a "high" output signal', and a smoke detecting condition is satisfied, and the local controller 55 feeds a start output signal to the alarm generator 57. Further, when there is an LED light source, the illumination devices 1, 5 are usually (unnecessarily unnecessary) provided with temperature sensors 17, 58 for monitoring the temperature of the light sources 3, 59. The temperature sensors 17, 58 can additionally be used for smoke detection. The alarm generator 9' 57 is activated if the edge temperature increases beyond a predetermined temperature threshold and is not attributable to the source 3, 5, 9. This predetermined temperature threshold is 151679.doc 201140508 The device does not reach a w</farm degree under normal operating conditions. In this regard, in the first embodiment, the temperature sensor is connected to the alarm generator 9' and in the second embodiment, it is connected to the local controller V. In addition, by providing the local controller with the ability to detect internal error conditions that can cause an excessive temperature (such as a better short circuit current on an internal circuit board), it can eliminate an external fire due to damage An alert is still issued. According to another embodiment of the illumination device 21, FIG. 2 shows most schematically that the surface reflection blocker is implemented by a shield 23, which is a flat plate disposed in front of the photodetector 25. . The shielding system is disposed at a small distance from the photodetector 25, and a space is formed between the shielding 23 and the photodetector 25. The shield 23 is mounted adjacent to the light source 27 so as not to interfere with the main direction and function of the light output, and at a small distance in front of the light source 27 such that one of the light outputs still has a small fraction passing through the space. . This embodiment operates as follows. When the air is full of smoke, some of the smoke enters the space. Then, some of the light that has previously passed through the space is reflected by the smoke particles toward the photodetector 25. When the amount of light reaching the photodetector 25 exceeds a detection threshold, the photodetector 25 (or more specifically one of the decoder circuits) feeds a start output signal to the alarm. Generator 29. Each lighting device embodiment described herein can be switched between an open state or a high intensity state and a quasi-closed state or a low intensity state, as appropriate. In the on state, the light source is considered to be illuminated by a user's 151 679.doc 201140508 ie, except in the on state, the light source is either fully powered or may be dimmable but in an on state Power is enabled. In the quasi-closed state, the source is not fully zero powered but is enabled at a (very) low power level just high enough to maintain the smoke detection function of the illumination device. For example, in the case of an LED light source, it is enabled in a cycle that is substantially lower than the active time in the on state. An appropriate period of time in the quasi-closed state may be approximately 1% of the on-state action time cycle. Therefore, the operating cost due to electricity in the quasi-closed state is negligible. It should be noted that the signal quality of the detected light does not depend on the duration of the action. For example, if the xenon lamp is off or on, the SNR ratio is always the same. According to a third embodiment of the illumination device, as shown in Figure 3, the illumination device is configured to be connected to one or more other devices in the same illumination system 61. For the sake of simplicity, only two ", month device 3 1 are shown in Figure 3. However, the illumination system typically includes more illumination devices. In this embodiment, the illumination device 31 is configured to More than one individual code can be decoded. Figure 6 shows one of the most schematic block diagrams of the most relevant part of the description. Thus the 'lighting system 61 includes - a central controller 63 and a plurality of lighting devices 3 via, for example, Ethernet connection data [machine row 64 is connected to shai central controller 63. Each lighting device 3 [including a local controller 65, an optical encoder 67 connected to the local controller 65, connected to The light sterilizer 67 is optically coupled to the photodetector 7 of the local controller 65, the detector component 73 and the optical decoder 75, and is connected to the local controller 65. - the alarm generator ... in this case ^ in the H - the smoke conditions - different ways, the lighting equipment 151679.doc 201140508 need not include a 矣 拓 _ surface reflection blocker, as will be described below Obviously: Do not: Ming system 61 operates as follows. And when the replacement of a lighting device is completed, the lighting system is driven into operation by the control of the central controller 63. The input operation includes a learning program at the start, and each lighting device 31 in the basin learns other lighting. The individual optical codes of the device 3i are updated, and the illumination device 31 is updated when it is changed, removed or added. In addition, the intensity level of the light received from each illumination device by each of the illumination devices 31 and 5' is by the debt. The detector element 73 is measured and stored in the central controller 63. It is noted that for each illumination device 31, some of the other measured illumination levels are common. Each lighting device controls the received light intensity for a long time. For example, 'the measured intensity per minute is many times: in this lighting system, the measuring condition of the smoke (four) is that the 纟_单_昭明装置 domain At least a predetermined percentage of the received light intensity is expected to change significantly from the input operating value. Assume (as an example) that there are six lighting devices in the room, and wherein the first lighting device has such Other lighting devices After entering the operating position, 〇, 〇, 〇, i and 3, 盥 from its own, for example, can be reflected from one of the shiny metal surfaces, for example, assuming that a cloud of smoke accumulates in the room. And this causes the received intensity to change to Bu 0, !" and 2, and its own value changes to 3. That is to say, 'Because the smoke' comes from most of these lighting fixtures (4), the light spreads more widely, resulting in Both the increase and decrease of the intensity level of the original state are also detected by the other illumination devices 31 to the upper or lower range. It is now assumed, for example, that the smoke detection is 151,679. Doc 12 201140508 The condition is that at least the center (four) of the monitored value should be changed by at least - the unit. The control gate 63 is based on all the values extracted from all the Zhaoming # φ1~ scare month devices 31 as a total of 36 values. If at least (4) has changed the early position, then the smoke detection condition is full and a smoke alarm is generated. The alarm can be generated by the alarm generation (10) of the one or more of the lighting devices 31 via the local controller. Having the central controller 63 make a determination of the smoke detection condition has a number of advantages that can be paid to a smoke alarm with a higher degree of reliability. The function of having a level change as an indication instead of a cross-predetermined threshold also increases the reliability' and this can also be used for single-lighting device applications. ‘However, a threshold solution is also useful in this lighting system. As the f generation, the evaluation of the smoke debt measurement condition is performed by the local controller 65, and an individual alarm is generated. Illumination devices having surface reflective barriers of one of the optical component types are also useful in such illumination systems. The illumination system interconnected with the illumination I is in a state of being associated with the smoke detection condition and depending on the capabilities of the local controllers, opening up between the local controllers and the central controller Different types of communication systems can be achieved. Moreover, in this view, the central controller can even be omitted if the local controller can communicate and make a decision on a feasible level. Embodiments of the lighting device according to the present invention as defined in the accompanying claims are described above. These should be considered as merely non-limiting examples. Many modifications and alternative embodiments are possible within the scope of the invention. I51679.doc 201140508 Thus, as explained by the above embodiments, it is possible to use light that illuminates one of the individual coded lights to achieve an integrated smoke detection function. It should be noted that for the purposes of this application, and particularly with respect to the scope of the accompanying claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, the word "a" does not exclude the plural, which BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a lighting device in accordance with the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic cross-section of another embodiment of a lighting device in accordance with the present invention. Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one embodiment of an illumination system in accordance with the present invention; Figure 4 is a block diagram of the illumination device shown in Figure 1; Figure 5 is another embodiment of the illumination device FIG. 6 is a block diagram of another embodiment of the illumination system; FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the main illumination device. 1 illuminating device 3 light source 5 optical encoder 7 photodetector 9 alarm generator 11 Optical element 151679.doc 201140508 13 Detector element 15 Decoder 17 Temperature sensor 21 Illumination device 23 Shield 25 Photodetector 27 Light source 31 Illumination device 51 Optical component 53 Light Detector 55 Local controller 57 Alarm generator 58 Temperature sensor 59 Light source 61 Lighting system 63 Central controller 64 Data bus 65 Local controller 67 Optical encoder 69 Light source 71 Light detector 73 Detector Element 75 Optical Decoder 77 Alarm Generator 151679.doc -15-