201139903 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是關於一種改良式高真空球閥。 【先前技術】 球閥是「直角迴轉式（qUarter_turn)」封閉閥之數種類 型的其中一種，這種閥通常是固定在兩密封連接之間， 且藉由閥體内部球體的轉動而運作。球體具有一貫孔或 埠口（port)，其可與閥的開放端齊平以供流動。當球體藉 由一附加把手或其他致動器而轉動時，埠口即變為較小 並阻擋通過閥之流量。通常，當球體轉動完整9〇度時， 埠口即變為與閥的端部垂直而完全阻擋流量。變化形式 可利用具有一個以上埠口之球體，因此當閥體轉動時， 流量係被重新導向通過一個不同的閥，且進一步轉動即 I 70全關閉流量。具有較重球體之較大型的閥（例如用於 管線上或水管道上者）係另外使用耳軸來輔助支撐球體 及防止對内部組件之損害。 球閥係因其可快速開啟與止沒關閉密封件而需用於工 業中，然而，用於工業用途之球閥通常都暴露於對組件 具有腐蝕效應之各種化學化合物（液體或氣體）中，其將 危害内部⑥封件。對於卫業中所用的球閥而言，其也常 暴露於過低或過南的溫度（低於㈣至超過1 _。卩）及歷 力«米汞柱至超過⑽PSI)。更常見的是，在中央 間桿與㈣密封件間的密封件是最為脆弱的。對熟悉該 201139903 領域技術人士而言 〇環’’為說明之便 可交替使用。 最常見的閥桿密封件之實施方式為 用語「閥桿密封件」與「〇環」係 开之溫度是特別有疑問 a . 0a 1具有最大影響的，這 :的=桿密封件材料的膨脹之故。已經發展出各種特 的金屬性或彈性材料來為各種應用抵 性的極端狀態，也已經改善了閥體設計 且= 之間桿密封件的膨脹；但是，卻仍右具閥堡羞 :度產生之膨服期間會被擠入周圍空間中之問題 = 密封件材料接觸…閥桿密封件的 埜〇陡有負面影響，對周邊組件亦然。 隨著技術變化發展，球閥係更常應用於更多種類之工 ::途：：此’對於球閥密封件而言’需要可抵抗多種 ” I 3更大的溫度極端值與腐ϋ條件。球閥的 需在能承受高溫與高壓條件下而為最小的或無㈣。更 特別是，需要-種可在不同溫度下提供必須之攻 制、並容許閥桿密封件材料之溫度性或化學性膨服 的球閥設計。 ％服 【發明内容】 本發明之實施例係與具有改良之防茂漏組件的 關；特定實施例係與可利用非金屬性材料與改良閱體來 實現閥桿與閥體周圍之防洩漏密封仕& > 在封件的球閥有關。本發 明之球閥實施例可利用非金屬性上輛 神承與下軸承、以及 201139903 位於閥壓蓋中之改良閥桿密封件來實現防洩漏密封。優 點疋a據本發明之球閥可藉由改變閥桿密封件之 而用於各種應用中。 更特定之實施例可包含位於—㈣蓋内之閥桿密封 件其尺寸明顯可消除或減少閥桿密封材料擠入閱桿與 閥體之間’且可提供間桿密封件之理想收縮性。其他的 實施例則具有上轴承，其可包含延伸至壓蓋t的埋頭端 緣（counter-sunk lip)。其他實施例具有一下轴承蓋體，其 可配合於閥桿下端的上方，以使閥桿衫並避免間桿下 部分的側向移動。 因此，本發明實施例提供了一種具有改良抗溫度性或 予ft致生之閥杯密封件茂漏的球間。本發明之球閱的 各種實施例之優點包含、但不限於：閥壓蓋與周圍軸承 可侷限閥桿密封件及避免其不適當擠入周圍空間中 '以 及可使閥桿穩定化並減少側向閥桿移動之能力。 【實施方式】 本發明之實施例係與實現防洩漏閥桿裝置的裝置與方 法有關。更具體而言，本發明之實施例係與可於約2〇〇c 與200。(：間之溫度下使用、而無各種組件茂漏之間桿裝 置有關。 ~ 下述說明將揭露特別使用於直角迴轉式閥裝置（特別 疋球間裝置）之領域的實施例。然而，該領域技術人士可 知本發明實施例之數種其他用途也是可行的。本發明描 201139903201139903 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to an improved high vacuum ball valve. [Prior Art] A ball valve is one of several types of "qUarter_turn" closing valves which are usually fixed between two sealing connections and operated by the rotation of a ball inside the valve body. The ball has a consistent aperture or port that is flush with the open end of the valve for flow. When the ball is rotated by an additional handle or other actuator, the mouth becomes smaller and blocks the flow through the valve. Typically, when the ball is rotated a full 9 degrees, the mouth becomes perpendicular to the end of the valve and completely blocks flow. Variations Balls with more than one boring can be utilized, so when the valve body is rotated, the flow is redirected through a different valve and further rotation is the I 70 full closing flow. Larger valves with heavier spheres (e.g., for use on pipelines or water pipes) additionally use trunnions to assist in supporting the ball and preventing damage to internal components. Ball valves are used in the industry for their quick opening and closing of seals. However, ball valves for industrial applications are often exposed to various chemical compounds (liquids or gases) that have a corrosive effect on the components. Harm the internal 6 pieces. For ball valves used in the industry, they are also often exposed to temperatures that are too low or too south (below (4) to over 1 _. 卩) and calendars «mHg to over (10) PSI). More commonly, seals between the center and (4) seals are the most vulnerable. For the skilled person in the field of 201139903, the ring ’ ring '' can be used interchangeably for illustration. The most common embodiment of the stem seal is that the temperature of the term "stem seal" and "shackle" is particularly questionable. 0a 1 has the greatest influence, this: = expansion of the rod seal material The reason. Various special metallic or elastic materials have been developed to limit the extremes of various applications, and the valve body design has been improved and the expansion of the rod seal between the two; however, it is still right-handed. The problem of being squeezed into the surrounding space during the expansion period = seal material contact... The stem of the stem seal has a negative effect, as is the surrounding components. As technology changes, ball valve systems are more commonly used in more types of work:: way:: 'For ball valve seals' need to be resistant to a variety of" I 3 greater temperature extremes and corrosion conditions. The need to be able to withstand high temperature and high pressure conditions is minimal or no (four). More specifically, the need to provide the necessary attack at different temperatures, and allow the temperature or chemical expansion of the stem seal material Ball valve design of the service. % Service [Invention] The embodiment of the present invention is related to the improved anti-leakage component; the specific embodiment and the non-metallic material and the improved reading body can be used to realize the valve stem and the valve body The surrounding anti-leakage seal &> is related to the ball valve of the seal. The ball valve embodiment of the present invention can utilize non-metallic upper and lower bearings, and 201139903 modified stem seals in the valve gland. A leak proof seal is achieved. Advantages 疋 A ball valve according to the present invention can be used in a variety of applications by changing the stem seal. More specific embodiments can include a stem seal in the - (iv) cover that is significantly sized The stem seal material can be eliminated or reduced between the rod and the valve body and can provide the desired shrinkage of the inter-sleeve seal. Other embodiments have an upper bearing that can include a countersunk end that extends to the gland t A counter-sunk lip. Other embodiments have a lower bearing cap that can be fitted over the lower end of the valve stem to allow for the valve stem and avoid lateral movement of the lower portion of the inter-rod. Thus, embodiments of the present invention provide A ball room having improved temperature resistance or leakage of the valve cup seal. The advantages of various embodiments of the ball of the present invention include, but are not limited to, the valve gland and the surrounding bearing can limit the valve stem Sealing member and avoiding its improper squeezing into the surrounding space' and stabilizing the valve stem and reducing the ability of the lateral valve stem to move. [Embodiment] Embodiments of the present invention are related to a device for implementing a leak-proof valve stem device. More specifically, embodiments of the present invention are related to a rod device that can be used at temperatures between about 2 〇〇c and 200 (without various components). ~ The following description will Revealing special use in Embodiments of the field of right angle rotary valve devices (particularly inter-cylinder devices). However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several other uses of the embodiments of the present invention are also possible.
述的是在球閥P番A ’但該領域技術人士係 到明顯可知其他修飾例 阀衷置令的特殊用途 可於本發明實施 必例之範疇内預期 及具有本發明優點者。 同時，如非另外特別指明， 運作連接」*「運作、康垃文中所使用之用語「可 同運作以m 連接」等係、特^的元件係指以可共 達成其預期功能的方「 接、間接'實體或遠端。 肖連接」可為直 此外’在本文中指摇「筮_ 筮— 第」、第二」等（例如第一與 個；面)且未另行指明時，其係用於指明至少存在有兩 :之-特定特徵。然而，這些指稱並未限制一特定特徵 的任何時間順序、結構方向或方向性(如左邊或右邊 根據本發明，由於該領域技術人士可顯知各種修示例 與變化例’故下述特別指明之實例係僅作為說明之用。 在說明書與申請專利範圍中，單數用語「一」、「一個」 及「該」係包含複數形式，除非上下文中清楚指明了1 例〇 參照如附圖式，其說明了本發明之特定實施例，可於 第1A圖中得知一實施例一般係包含—閥體1〇〇，其具有 —上座體110、一下座體丨30、一閥壓蓋或閥桿密封壓蓋 150、一中央貫孔17〇與一鑽孔19〇。在貫孔内閥桿裝 置200係座落為包含一閥桿3〇〇、一下軸承蓋體4〇〇、一 上軸承500與一閥桿密封件600 ,其各配置以運作裝設 於貫孔内，使得閥桿300可運作附接至位於鑽孔19〇内 之一球閥900(未示）。為求描述便利，本發明實施例之描 201139903 述係參照近側端50與遠側端75而行，其接繪示於圖式 上以供參照之用。 大部分的閥體1 00配置包含了用於容置閥球體之鑽孔 190與用於容置閥桿裝置200(其與閥球體間具有運作接 觸）之貫孔。一般而言，閥球體具有一中央通道或埠口， 以於鑽孔的兩個開放端間產生流動。有數種閥球體之類 型，包含、但不限於：全流量式、減量式與V型球閥， 其皆為該領域技術人士所熟知《此外，該領域技術人士 亦熟知數種閥體類型，包含、但不限於單片式、三片式、 分裂式、上流式與焊接式閥體。本文將揭露之一閥桿裳 置實施例係使用具有全流量式閥球體之單片式閥體架 構；然而’應知本發明所揭露之實施例範疇亦包含了不 同於本文十所特別說明者之其他閥體及/或閥球體的替 代例。 貫孔170可定義為上邊緣1〇5與下邊緣135之間的空 間，其實例係繪示於第1A圖、第4A圖至第4B圖、以 及第8A圖至第8B圖中。在特定實施例中，在具最小直 徑之貫孔部分處的貫孔直徑係介於0.554英吋與約0.558 英吋之間。在一特定實施例中，在具最小直徑之貫孔部 分處的貫孔直徑約為0.556英吋。在第1A圖所示實施例 中’具有最小直徑之貫孔部分係中段33 1。在貫孔1 70 周圍可有一上座體110、與上座體接觸之一閥桿密封壓 蓋1 50、以及一下座體130。此實施例之一實例可見於第 1A圖與第4B圖中。下文將於下軸承400、上轴承599 201139903 以及與其匹配之閥桿密封件6〇〇相關處進行貫孔之細節 說明。 閥桿300係與貫孔共線定位。閥桿可為—長形桿件， 其具有第—窄端31G、由—或多個密封件所支樓之十間 密封區域330、—頭部35〇、以及第二窄端37〇。在第ia 圖所示之實施例中，第一端31G的—部分係夠窄以與一 把手互連’且第二端的一部分係夠窄以與球體互連。在 特定實施例中，端部31〇'37〇不需很窄，而是具有可讓 閥桿插入貫孔、3 A /丨、, 在至^一個方向中並不會完全貫穿的 各種形狀與大小。第3A圖、第3B圖與第％圖說明了 -種閱桿裝置，其可與本發明之實施例一起使用。在此 實施例令’間桿_係足夠長以使第一端31〇延伸通過 上邊緣1〇5、使第二端370通過下邊緣135。在其他特定 實施例令’第-端310不需延伸通過上邊緣1〇5，在不 需第-端31〇延伸通過上邊緣1〇5時即可與一把手互連 =使閥#沿者閥桿之縱軸旋轉。同樣的，在特^實施例 技第二^ 37〇不需延伸通過下邊緣135，即可在間桿 與球閥的球體之問$ &方、去 生互連，以藉由使閥桿沿著閥桿縱 旋轉而使球體沿著相同縱軸而旋轉。。在-特定實施 例中，閥桿自遠側端75至近側 9 Λ L 处调鸲50的總長度係介於約 人ϋ央吋與2 2英 、 θ且其具有之直徑係介於0.5英 才至0 · 5 5英叫·夕pq l ^ . 端7 9 特定之實施例中，閥桿從遠側 至近側端5 0的_長户氣认 約為〇 548 ^+ ^ 為約2·145英忖，且其直徑 優點為，此特定實施例中閥桿的直徑 201139903 可減少閥桿密封件& ^ i 的拉伸，且有助於實現理想閥桿密封 件之收縮量（1 5〇/〇)，‘ π & t 丄 如下所述。在特定實施例中，閥桿盥 閥桿密封壓蓋的尺寸往π你„ 4日— 係可使閥才干欲封件之負載前收縮量 因子為10-20%，而右έ斯a "， 在負載後（例如於鑽孔1 90中施加真 空之後），收縮量因早徭. 里口千便會增加以產生較佳的密封性。在 ”他特定實;jifc例中，負載前收縮量因子係介於1 2—】8%的 範圍内，及/或是14〜16%的範圍内。 在-實施例中，第—窄端31G包含脊部H齒部、 螺紋部或可虚至少—-kL·. S1L Λ /Λ. rs ’ 旋緊組件20相容之類似突出部。在 特疋實施例中，第_窄端3 j 〇具有螺紋3 i i以容納至 少一個可與完整閱桿裝置2〇〇相容（可旋於其上、或盘其 接合)之旋緊組件2〇’以收縮或保持組件上的壓力而確保 防洩密封性。這種旋緊組件2〇可包含該領域技術人士所 熟知的各種元件中的任何一種；舉例而言，旋緊組件2〇 可包含典型的六角或方形螺帽、普遍的扭矩鎖定螺帽(通 常用於高溫應用中）、蝶形螺帽、鎖定螺帽或任何類似元 件。在-特定實施例中’第一窄端31〇上的螺紋係從遠 侧端75延伸約1.250英吋之長度。 或者是，旋緊組件可包含如該領域技術人士習知之齒 狀配置。在此實施例中，卡爪螺帽或凸緣可與第一窄端 31〇上的一或多個齒部或脊部接合。將卡爪螺帽推至第 —窄端31〇上可使其與齒部接合，其係傾斜以防止卡爪 螺帽的反向動作。該領域技術人士可修改各種方法與裝 置中任一者來收縮及維持本發明所述實施例之閥桿裝置 10 201139903 變化例皆涵蓋於本發明實施例之範 組件上的壓力。這些 疇内。 在另—實施例中，第一窄端的周邊形狀係使其可運作 連接至可轉動閥桿之致動器。該領域中係已習知，閥桿 沿著闕捍縱向轉動或旋㈣可轉動球體以控制通過球間 之=量。通常，閥桿的轉㈣利用運作附接至第一窄端 以表：供扭矩之把手或^^舍丨垣& ， 飞控制桿而進行；為促進此動作，第 窄端的形狀為可與把手或控制桿的附接機構交錯、或 互連，例如扳手與螺帽組合。在一實施例中，至少一部 刀的第-窄端310具有一表面32〇。在一更特定實施例 中’第-窄端310的兩相對側部的至少一部分具有一表 〇例如在第3A圖與第3B圖中所示者。在替代實 施例中，有兩個以上側部的至少-部分包含平坦表面 320。在-實施例中，所述—或多個平坦表面32〇可與把 手或控制桿共同運作接合n定實施例中，各平坦 化側部從第一窄端的遠側端75之長度約為0.920英吋。 在另一特定實施例中，最靠近中間密封區域33〇的至少 郤刀第乍端係保持為圓形，如第3A圖至第3C圖中 所示’其可適時確保與旋緊組件2〇的接合。 在貫施例中，當完全建構閥桿裝置200時，中間密 封區域330為位於貫孔17〇内且由各下軸承4〇〇、上軸 承5〇〇與閥桿密封壓蓋150中至少某些部分所圍繞的部 分閥桿300。閥桿與閥桿密封壓蓋相配的部分係可稱為 閥桿的閥桿壓蓋區段，閥桿與主體中段相配的部分可稱 201139903 為閥桿中段，閥桿與閥體之下座體相配的部分可稱為頭 部，而閥桿與上座體相配的部分則稱為閥桿上區段。當 然’中間密封區域的直徑可根據多種因素而予以變化， 包含、但不限於貫孔的大小、軸承與閥桿密封壓蓋的位 置、密封表面的類型、以及該領域技術人士所知之其他 因素。在一實施例中’中間密封區域具有介於〇 4〇英忖 與0.50英吋間之長度、以及介於〇 53英吋與〇 55英忖 間之直控。在一特定實施例中，中間密封區域具有約 〇.450英吋之長度以及約0.5484英吋之直徑。 在另一實施例中，下軸承400、上軸承500與閥桿密 封件6〇〇係圍繞且可至少部分與中間密封區域外部上的 密封表面335接觸。在一替代實施例中，下轴承4〇〇、 上轴承500與閥桿密封件600圍繞了密封表面335，但 僅有閥桿密封件完全接觸於密封表面的整個周圍附近。 搶封表面可利用任何程度的一或多種紋理或拋光部來配 置’其可產生適當的密封能力。該領域技術人士應可決 定適合於密封表面的適當紋理或拋光部。在一特定實施 例中’密封表面一般為平滑、連續表面，如第3A圖中所 不 〇 為輔助保持閥桿裝置在貫孔170内的位置以及閥桿裝 置組件的收縮性，閥桿可進一步具有一頭部350，其可 較靠近中間密封區域的近側端50。在建構閥桿裝置時， 頭部可位於閥體100的下座體130内；1A圖繪示了此種 配置之一實例。在一實施例中，頭部的外徑係大於中間 12 201139903 密封區域330的外徑。藉由使閥桿頭部在至少一個方向 中具有不同於至少—部分貫孔之直徑的外徑，頭部即可 至少在該方向中防止間桿通過貫孔。在另-實施例中， 頭部具有圓形外圍；然而，該領域技術人士可知頭部也 可具有各種外圍形狀，包含、但不限於：橢圓、方形、 角形矩形或任何其他多邊形形狀。各種實施例之實 例係繪示於第！八圖、帛8A圖與第沾圖中。當旋緊組 件20應用至第—宠 乍鸲310時，頭部35〇可產生一反向力 :維持間桿裝置2。。在貫孔17〇中的位置並輔助間桿組 的收縮。頭部的大小可根據該領域技術人士所知之各 種因素而加以改轡，4人t 匕3、但不限於：頭部的外圍形狀、 ΓΠ4、欲施加至間桿組件的收縮量、第二窄端37。 如下所述）與其他因素。在一特定實施例中，頭 ;具有圓形外圍，其具有介於㈣Η與〇.72英时間之 外徑以及自遠側媲7 1 1 ^ … ％ 75至近側端5〇之長度係介於0.110 =、，、0.115英吋之間。在一特定實施 0形外圍，其直徑約為。·715英对， 頭：，、有 側端之長度約。.U3英忖：自遠側端75至近 在頭部之後為第二窄 5。處。第二窄端37。可，球=位於閥桿之最近側端 其他Η 口旅人 ，、球間上的狹槽、溝槽、通道咬 其他開π接合’並於運作連接 ^ 轉動時促進球閥的轉動 * A 310之致動器 槽或溝槽相容的任何箱以可具有可與球間上狹 鎖式連接。在特定狀或配置’包括滑入式或互 只施例中’部分、或全部的第二窄端 13 201139903 370可延伸得比頭部35〇更寬。在其他特定實施例中， 頭部350與第二窄端37〇係成形為使得閥桿3〇〇的遠側 端75可從近側端插入中央貫孔17〇，並貫穿而於中央貫 孔1 7 0的遠側端處離開。該領域技術人士在具有本發明 之優勢下即可決定第二窄端的適當配置，其任何及全部 變化例係落於本發明之各種實施例的範疇内。 在實施例中，第二窄端370 一般為自頭部350的近 側端50延伸之一突出垂片’例如如第圖與第％圖 中所示。在此實施例中’第二窄端370的形狀使其可與 球閥内的狹槽接合。因此，應瞭解第二窄$ 370的大小 係可根據該領域技術人士顯知的因素而加以變化。在一 特定實施例中’第二窄端37〇具有從遠側端75至近側端 5〇之長度為G.30英叶與〇 35英„寸之間、橫越頭部之總 寬度W係介於〇.7〇英吋與〇 72英吋之間且其厚度係 介於約0.150英吋至約〇155英吋之間。此實施例可經修 飾以產生另-個實施例，其具有之厚度介於〇 英吋 與0.350英吋之間。在更特定之實施例中其實例之一 係緣示於第圖與第3C0中，第二窄端37〇具有從 遠側端75至近側端5〇之長度係約〇 332英对、橫越頭 部之總寬度W約〇.715英十且厚度以為Qi53英忖。 此實施例可經修飾為具有約0.305英忖之厚度τ。 如上所述，運作附接至第—窄端31G之致動氣得轉動 控制了通過球閥的流量。致動器通常（但非必須）是長形 把手或控制桿機構，其具有之—部分係成形以運作附接 14 201139903 至閥桿300的第一窄端31〇β致動器可為手動式或氣動 式或電氣動式控制。在一實施例中，第一窄端與第二窄 端的對齊可使致動器在埠σ對齊於閥的開放端而料流 動時也與閥共線或與閥平行，其使得閥的位置可利用2 視方式而輕易被決定。相反地，當致動器轉動9〇。而與閥 垂直時，埠口也會轉動並有效關閉，如致動器的位置所 指示者。 如上所述，閥桿300可位於閥體丨〇〇中的貫孔丨内。 在貫孔1 70周圍可有一或多個次要鑽孔，不同的密封組 件係可座落於其中以防止通過貫孔之洩漏。在一實施例 中’這些次要鑽孔可包含一上座體11〇、一下座體 與一閥桿密封壓蓋150。在其他實施例中，閱裝置2〇〇 包含閥桿以及可位於個別次要鑽孔内的這些密封組件。 從貫孔的近側端50開始，由第1A圖所示之實施例可 知下座體130圍繞貫孔且與鄰接鑽孔19〇。閥桿的頭部 350可位於下座體内。為促進頭部與下座體間適當密封 性’下軸承蓋體400(如第5A圖至第5B圖中所示者）係 可位於頭部和下座體之間，例如如第1A圖所示。因此， 下座體130的大小可使得頭部與相關下軸承蓋體以最小 間隙放置其中。這有助於穩定化閥桿、降低或防止頭部 與下座體間之接觸。在一實施例中，下座體一般為圓形， 其直徑介於0.780英吋與〇·820英吋之間。在一特定實施 例中’下座體一般為直徑約0.800英吋之圓形。 在一實施例中’參照第5A圖與第5B圖，下軸承蓋體 15 201139903 4〇〇具有—中央閥桿開口 4 1 5，其内表面4 1 0係於其與頭 部35〇會合處或附近圍繞中間密封表面。下軸承蓋體400 接著可覆蓋頭部350的遠側端或表面75，並向下朝近側 知5 〇而延伸於頭部的侧部或邊緣上方使其可大部分或 實質上填滿頭部的側部或邊緣外表面及下座體的内表面 之間的空間。下座體也可防止或減少頭部表面與下座體 表面之間的接觸。在另一實施例中，下轴承蓋體4〇〇延 伸超過頭部的近側50。第1Α圖說明了位於下座體13〇 内頭部周圍之下轴承蓋體400的實例。第5Α圖與第5Β 圖說明了可根據本發明而使用之下軸承蓋體4〇〇的實施 例。在此實施例中，下軸承蓋體為圓形；然而，如上所 述，頭部350的外圍形狀係可為各種外圍形狀的任一 種’包含、但不限於橢圓形、方形、三角形、矩形或任 何其他多邊形之形狀。因此，應瞭解下軸承蓋體4〇〇可 具有任何與頭部和對應下座體相容之形狀，其可確保這 些組件之間的緊密配合及適當密封性。 第5Β圖中所示之下轴承蓋體400具有圓形外邊緣輪廓 與圓形内邊緣輪廓，因此在下座體内邊緣表面和頭部外 邊緣表面之間的下軸承蓋體具有均勻厚度，其使蓋體可 自由滑抵下座體之内邊緣表面及閥桿頭部之外邊緣表 面。在其他實施例中，下軸承蓋體可具有非圓形之外邊 緣輪廓，其與下座體之類似内邊緣表面輪廓與圓形内邊 緣表面匹配，以使頭部的外邊緣表面相對於下軸承蓋體 的内邊緣表面自由滑動，同時保持下軸承蓋體之外邊緣 16 201139903 表面與下座體之内邊緣表面的旋轉位置。相反地，下軸 承蓋體可具有非圓形内邊緣輪廓，其與頭部之類似外邊 緣輪廟及圓形外邊緣輪靡匹配，以使下座體的内邊緣表 面可相對於下軸承蓋體的外邊緣表面自由滑行，同時維 持頭部的外邊緣表面與下軸承蓋體的内邊緣表面之旋轉 位置。非圓形輪廓可選自各種形狀，例如多邊形、方形、 矩形/、角形或該領域技術人士顯知之任何其他形狀。 較佳為至^'下軸承蓋體的外邊緣輪廓或内邊緣輪廓是 圓形的，以使閥桿可於維持良好密封性下旋轉。 在一較佳實施例中，下軸承蓋體400可避免頭部的外 邊緣表面與下座體之内邊緣表面間之接觸，並避免下座 體的近側表面與頭部的遠側表面之接觸。在另-實施例 中’下座體的内表面於下座體的近側部分至遠側部分間 具有- f曲表面。在這些實施例中（其實例錢示於第8A 圖與第8B圖中）’下軸承蓋體可於正常運作條件下防止 頭部向下座體的内邊緣側向或徑向移動超過-特定量， 且可於正常運作條件下避免閥桿以平行於閥桿縱軸之方 向朝向下座體的内邊緣縱向移動超過一特定量。 參艮、第7A圖至第7G圖，其 A ^ iaj rff 7F 1 施例進仃某些修改之本發明各種實施例。帛7A圖至I 7F圖並未繪示出下軸承蓋體。第7A圖繪示了已移除」 座體、或大幅降低其尺寸之實施例。上軸承(未示 二：少上轴承所在處之閥桿上區段的直徑、或藉由加; 上座體區段的直徑以產生上轴承之空間而被插置2 17 201139903 閥桿的上區段與閥體的上座體區段之間。藉由第7a圖至 第7G圖所示之所有實施例，上抽承可防止間桿上區段與 閥體之上座體部分之間的接觸，下軸承蓋體可防止頭部 和下座體之間的接觸，而下抽承蓋體結合上軸承即可避 免閥體中段與閥桿中段間之接觸。在第7A圖中，間體中 段係位於閥桿密封壓蓋與下座體之間。 第圖緣示了上軸承形成閥桿密封壓蓋之頂部表面 且上抽承具有固定外徑之實施例。第7C圖與第7B圖類 似，其綠示了鎖固組件可陷入間體中·在特定實施例中， 整個鎖固組件可位於間體上邊緣】〇5處或其下方。第π 圖績示了在上座體上方的 施例。第7E圖檢示了鎖固^ P刀具有較大直徑之實 圔、曰不了鎖固組件陷入上座體中之實施例； ^特定實施例中，整個鎖固組件可位於上邊緣ι〇5處 或其下方。在第7B圖第 桿密封壓蓋之上… 向下延伸並形成閥 := 朝閥桿密_内表面及上座體内 遠緣表面的側向動作。 第7F圖繪示了上軸 閱桿密封壓蓋上表面、且上 轴承可藉由上軸承與閥標 m m -T &奴與上座體内邊緣表面接 例。第7G圖繪示了闕體以；^表面側向動作之實施 面、下^成㈣㈣壓蓋内邊緣表 形成閱桿密封壓蓋之上表面：“之下表面、且上軸承It is described in the context of a ball valve, but it is obvious to those skilled in the art that other modifications may be made within the scope of the practice of the invention and may be advantageous. At the same time, unless otherwise specified, the operation link "*", the term used in Kang Lawen, "can be connected to operate in m", etc., means that the party that can achieve its intended function is connected. Indirect 'physical or remote. Xiao connection' can be a direct addition. 'In this paper, it refers to shaking "筮_筮-第", second", etc. (such as the first and the other; face) and does not specify otherwise. Indicating that there are at least two: specific features. However, these references do not limit any chronological order, structural orientation or directionality of a particular feature (such as the left or right side according to the present invention, as various modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art) The singular terms "a", "an" and "the" are used in the s Having described a specific embodiment of the present invention, it can be seen in FIG. 1A that an embodiment generally includes a valve body 1 具有 having an upper seat 110, a lower seat 丨 30, a valve gland or a valve stem The sealing gland 150, a central through hole 17〇 and a drill hole 19〇. The stem device 200 is seated in the through hole to include a valve stem 3〇〇, a lower bearing cover 4〇〇, and an upper bearing 500. And a stem seal 600, each configured to be operatively disposed within the through bore such that the stem 300 is operatively attached to a ball valve 900 (not shown) located within the bore 19〇. For ease of description, Description of the embodiment of the invention 201139903 The proximal end 50 and the distal end 75 are taken as shown in the drawings for reference. Most of the valve body 100 configuration includes a bore 190 for receiving a valve ball and is used for A through hole that houses the valve stem assembly 200 (which has operational contact with the valve ball). Generally, the valve ball has a central passage or a weir to create flow between the two open ends of the borehole. The types of spheres include, but are not limited to, full flow, reduced and V-type ball valves, all of which are well known to those skilled in the art. Further, various types of valve bodies are also known to those skilled in the art, including, but not limited to, Monolithic, three-piece, split, upflow, and welded valve bodies. One example of a valve stem skirting embodiment is the use of a one-piece valve body architecture with a full flow valve globe; however, it should be noted The scope of the disclosed embodiments of the present invention also includes alternatives to other valve bodies and/or valve bodies other than those specifically described herein. The through hole 170 can be defined as between the upper edge 1〇5 and the lower edge 135. Space, examples of which are shown in Figure 1A, Figure 4A to 4B, and 8A through 8B. In a particular embodiment, the through hole diameter at the portion of the through hole having the smallest diameter is between 0.554 inches and about 0.558 inches. In a particular implementation In the example, the diameter of the through hole at the portion of the through hole having the smallest diameter is about 0.556 inches. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1A, the portion having the smallest diameter is the middle portion 33 1 . Around the through hole 1 70 There may be an upper body 110, a valve stem sealing gland 150 that is in contact with the upper body, and a lower seat 130. An example of this embodiment can be found in Figures 1A and 4B. Detailed description of the through hole is made in the upper bearing 599 201139903 and the matching stem seal 6〇〇. The valve stem 300 is co-linearly positioned with the through hole. The valve stem may be an elongated rod member having a first narrow end 31G, ten seal regions 330 supported by - or a plurality of seals, a head 35 〇, and a second narrow end 37 。. In the embodiment illustrated in Figure ia, the portion of the first end 31G is narrow enough to interconnect with a handle and the portion of the second end is narrow enough to interconnect the ball. In a particular embodiment, the end 31〇'37〇 does not need to be narrow, but has various shapes that allow the valve stem to be inserted into the through hole, 3 A /丨, and not fully penetrated in one direction. size. Figures 3A, 3B and 5% illustrate a rod reading device that can be used with embodiments of the present invention. In this embodiment, the inter-spindle is sufficiently long that the first end 31〇 extends through the upper edge 1〇5 and the second end 370 passes through the lower edge 135. In other specific embodiments, the 'end end 310 does not need to extend through the upper edge 1〇5, and can be interconnected with a handle when the first end 31〇 does not need to extend through the upper edge 1〇5. The longitudinal axis of the rod rotates. Similarly, in the second embodiment, the second edge 135 is not required to extend through the lower edge 135, and the ball and the ball of the ball valve can be interconnected to make the valve stem The valve stem rotates longitudinally to rotate the ball along the same longitudinal axis. . In a particular embodiment, the total length of the valve stem from the distal end 75 to the proximal side 9 Λ L is between about 2 inches and θ and has a diameter of 0.5 liters. To 0 · 5 5 英 · p pq l ^ . End 7 9 In a specific embodiment, the valve stem from the distal to the proximal end 50 0 _ long household gas is about 〇 548 ^ + ^ is about 2 · 145 The advantage of diameter is that the diameter of the stem 201138903 in this particular embodiment reduces the tension of the stem seal & ^ i and contributes to the desired amount of shrinkage of the stem seal (1 5〇 /〇), ' π & t 丄 is as follows. In a particular embodiment, the size of the valve stem 盥 valve stem gland is π „ 4 days — the valve can be used to seal the load before the load is 10-20%, and the right έ a " After the load (for example, after applying vacuum in the hole 1 90), the amount of shrinkage is earlier than that. The inner mouth is increased to produce a better seal. In the case of "he is specific; in the case of jifc, shrinkage before loading" The quantity factor is in the range of 12-]8%, and/or is in the range of 14~16%. In the embodiment, the first narrow end 31G includes a ridge H tooth, a threaded portion, or a virtual portion at least kL·. S1L Λ /Λ. rs ' The screw-like assembly 20 is compatible with similar protrusions. In a particular embodiment, the first narrow end 3 j 〇 has a thread 3 ii to accommodate at least one screwing assembly 2 that is compatible with the full beam handling device 2 (which can be screwed onto or engaged with the disk) 〇 'Ensure leak tightness by shrinking or maintaining pressure on the assembly. Such a screwing assembly 2 can comprise any of a variety of components well known to those skilled in the art; for example, the screwing assembly 2 can comprise a typical hex or square nut, a universal torque lock nut (typically For high temperature applications), butterfly nuts, locking nuts or any similar components. In the particular embodiment, the thread on the first narrow end 31A extends from the distal end 75 by a length of about 1.250 inches. Alternatively, the screwing assembly can comprise a toothed configuration as is known to those skilled in the art. In this embodiment, the jaw nut or flange can engage one or more teeth or ridges on the first narrow end 31〇. Pushing the jaw nut onto the first narrow end 31〇 engages the teeth and is tilted to prevent reverse movement of the jaw nut. Those skilled in the art can modify any of the various methods and apparatus to contract and maintain the valve stem assembly of the described embodiments of the present invention. The variations of the embodiment are all encompassed by the exemplary embodiments of the present invention. Within these domains. In another embodiment, the peripheral shape of the first narrow end is such that it is operatively coupled to the actuator of the rotatable valve stem. It is well known in the art that the valve stem rotates or rotates (4) in the longitudinal direction of the crucible to control the amount of passing between the balls. Usually, the rotation of the valve stem (4) is attached to the first narrow end by means of a handle: a handle for torque or a fly control lever; to facilitate this action, the shape of the narrow end is comparable The attachment mechanisms of the handles or levers are staggered, or interconnected, such as a wrench and a nut. In one embodiment, the first narrow end 310 of at least one of the knives has a surface 32 〇. In a more particular embodiment, at least a portion of the opposite sides of the 'narrow end 310' has a surface, such as shown in Figures 3A and 3B. In an alternate embodiment, at least a portion of the two or more sides includes a flat surface 320. In an embodiment, the or more flat surfaces 32A can be co-operating with the handle or lever. In a preferred embodiment, the length of each flattened side from the distal end 75 of the first narrow end is about 0.920. English. In another particular embodiment, at least the second end of the blade closest to the intermediate sealing region 33 is maintained in a circular shape, as shown in Figures 3A-3C, which can be secured with the screwing assembly 2 as appropriate. Engagement. In the embodiment, when the valve stem device 200 is completely constructed, the intermediate sealing region 330 is located in the through hole 17〇 and is at least some of the lower bearing 4〇〇, the upper bearing 5〇〇, and the valve stem sealing gland 150. A portion of the valve stem 300 surrounded by portions. The part of the valve stem that matches the valve stem gland can be called the valve stem gland section of the valve stem. The part of the valve stem that matches the middle section of the main body can be called 201139903 as the middle section of the valve stem, and the valve stem and the lower body of the valve body. The matching part can be called the head, and the part of the valve stem that matches the upper body is called the upper section of the valve stem. Of course, the diameter of the intermediate seal region can vary depending on a variety of factors including, but not limited to, the size of the bore, the position of the bearing and stem seal gland, the type of seal surface, and other factors known to those skilled in the art. . In one embodiment, the intermediate seal region has a length between 〇 4 inches and 0.50 inches, and a direct control between 〇 53 inches and 〇 55 inches. In a particular embodiment, the intermediate seal region has a length of about 450 inches and a diameter of about 0.5484 inches. In another embodiment, the lower bearing 400, the upper bearing 500 and the stem seal 6 are tethered and can at least partially contact the sealing surface 335 on the exterior of the intermediate seal region. In an alternate embodiment, the lower bearing 4, upper bearing 500 and stem seal 600 surround the sealing surface 335, but only the stem seal is in full contact with the entire circumference of the sealing surface. The seal surface can be configured with any degree of texture or buff to any extent which produces a suitable sealing capability. Those skilled in the art will be able to determine the appropriate texture or finish suitable for the sealing surface. In a particular embodiment, the 'sealing surface is generally a smooth, continuous surface. As shown in FIG. 3A, to assist in maintaining the position of the valve stem assembly within the bore 170 and the contraction of the valve stem assembly, the valve stem can be further There is a head 350 that can be closer to the proximal end 50 of the intermediate sealing region. In constructing the valve stem assembly, the head may be located within the lower housing 130 of the valve body 100; Figure 1A illustrates an example of such a configuration. In one embodiment, the outer diameter of the head is greater than the outer diameter of the intermediate portion 12 201139903 sealing region 330. By having the valve stem head have an outer diameter that differs from at least the diameter of at least the partial through hole in at least one direction, the head can prevent the intermediate rod from passing through the through hole at least in this direction. In other embodiments, the head has a circular periphery; however, those skilled in the art will recognize that the head can also have a variety of peripheral shapes including, but not limited to, elliptical, square, angular, or any other polygonal shape. Examples of various embodiments are shown in the first! Eight maps, 帛 8A maps and the first map. When the tightening assembly 20 is applied to the first pet shovel 310, the head 35 〇 can generate a counter force: the inter-rod device 2 is maintained. . The position in the through hole 17〇 and the contraction of the inter-rod group. The size of the head can be modified according to various factors known to those skilled in the art, four persons, but not limited to: the outer shape of the head, the ΓΠ4, the amount of contraction to be applied to the inter-sleeve assembly, and the second Narrow end 37. As described below) and other factors. In a particular embodiment, the head; has a circular periphery having an outer diameter between (four) Η and 〇. 72 inches and a length from the distal side 媲 7 1 1 ^ ... % 75 to the proximal end 5〇 Between 0.110 =, ,, 0.115 inches. At a particular implementation, the periphery of the 0-shape has a diameter of approximately. · 715 inches, head:,, has the length of the side end. .U3 inches: from the distal end 75 to near the head is the second narrower 5 . At the office. Second narrow end 37. Yes, the ball = other passengers on the nearest side of the valve stem, the slots between the balls, the grooves, the channel bites the other π joints and promotes the rotation of the ball valve when the operation connection ^ rotates * A 310 Any of the tanks or slots that are compatible with the grooves may have a lockable connection to the ball. The second narrow end 13 201139903 370 may be extended wider than the head 35〇 in a particular shape or configuration 'including a slip-in or mutual-invention' portion. In other particular embodiments, the head 350 and the second narrow end 37 are tethered such that the distal end 75 of the valve stem 3〇〇 can be inserted into the central through bore 17 from the proximal end and penetrate through the central through bore Leave at the distal end of 1 70. Those skilled in the art, with the advantages of the present invention, can determine the appropriate configuration of the second narrow end, any and all variations of which are within the scope of various embodiments of the present invention. In an embodiment, the second narrow end 370 generally extends from one of the proximal ends 50 of the head 350 to project a tab' as shown, for example, in the figures and the %. The second narrow end 370 is shaped in this embodiment to engage the slot in the ball valve. Therefore, it should be understood that the size of the second narrow $370 can vary depending on factors well known to those skilled in the art. In a particular embodiment, the second narrow end 37 has a length from the distal end 75 to the proximal end 5〇 between G.30 inches and 〇35 inches, across the total width of the head. Between 〇.7〇英吋 and 〇72 inches and having a thickness of between about 0.150 inches to about 〇155 inches. This embodiment can be modified to produce another embodiment having The thickness is between 〇英吋 and 0.350 inches. In a more specific embodiment, one of the examples is shown in the figures and 3C0, and the second narrow end 37〇 has a distal end 75 to the proximal side. The length of the end 5〇 is about 332 inches, the total width of the traversing head is about 715 yinger and the thickness is Qi53 inches. This embodiment can be modified to have a thickness τ of about 0.305 inches. Said, the actuation of the actuating gas attached to the first narrow end 31G is controlled to control the flow through the ball valve. The actuator is typically, but not necessarily, an elongated handle or lever mechanism having a portion shaped to The first narrow end 31 〇β actuator that operates the attachment 14 201139903 to the valve stem 300 can be manually or pneumatically or electrically powered. In an embodiment, the alignment of the first narrow end and the second narrow end allows the actuator to be collinear with the valve or parallel to the valve when 埠σ is aligned with the open end of the valve while flowing, which allows the position of the valve to be utilized 2 Conversely, when the actuator is rotated 9 turns, and perpendicular to the valve, the mouth is also rotated and effectively closed, as indicated by the position of the actuator. As described above, the valve stem 300 It may be located in the through hole 阀 in the valve body 。. There may be one or more secondary holes around the through hole 1 70, and different sealing components may be seated therein to prevent leakage through the through hole. In the embodiment, these secondary bores may include an upper seat 11 〇, a lower seat and a valve stem gland 150. In other embodiments, the reading device 2 includes a valve stem and may be located in a plurality of secondary drills. These seal assemblies in the bore. Starting from the proximal end 50 of the bore, it is known from the embodiment shown in Figure 1A that the lower seat 130 surrounds the through bore and is adjacent to the bore 19 . The head 350 of the stem can be located Lower body. To promote proper sealing between the head and the lower body' lower bearing cover 400 (eg 5A to 5B may be located between the head and the lower body, for example as shown in Fig. 1A. Therefore, the lower body 130 is sized such that the head and the associated lower bearing cover are The minimum gap is placed therein. This helps to stabilize the valve stem, reduce or prevent contact between the head and the lower body. In one embodiment, the lower body is generally circular with a diameter of 0.780 inches and 〇 Between 820 miles. In a particular embodiment, the lower body is generally circular with a diameter of about 0.800 inches. In one embodiment, 'see Figures 5A and 5B, lower bearing cover 15 201139903 4 The crucible has a central stem opening 4 1 5 with an inner surface 4 1 0 surrounding the intermediate sealing surface at or near where it meets the head 35 。. The lower bearing cap 400 can then cover the distal end or surface 75 of the head 350 and extend downwardly proximally to the side or edge of the head so that it can fill most or substantially the head The space between the side or edge outer surface of the portion and the inner surface of the lower body. The lower body also prevents or reduces contact between the head surface and the lower body surface. In another embodiment, the lower bearing cap 4 extends beyond the proximal side 50 of the head. The first drawing illustrates an example of the bearing cover 400 located around the head portion of the lower seat 13〇. Fig. 5 and Fig. 5 illustrate an embodiment in which the bearing cap 4〇〇 can be used in accordance with the present invention. In this embodiment, the lower bearing cap is circular; however, as noted above, the peripheral shape of the head 350 can be any of a variety of peripheral shapes 'including, but not limited to, elliptical, square, triangular, rectangular, or The shape of any other polygon. Accordingly, it should be understood that the lower bearing cap 4 can have any shape that is compatible with the head and the corresponding lower body, which ensures a tight fit and proper sealing between the components. The bearing cap 400 has a circular outer edge profile and a circular inner edge profile as shown in the fifth figure, so that the lower bearing cap between the lower body inner edge surface and the head outer edge surface has a uniform thickness, The cover body is free to slide against the inner edge surface of the lower seat body and the outer edge surface of the valve stem head. In other embodiments, the lower bearing cap may have a non-circular outer edge contour that matches a similar inner edge surface contour to the circular inner edge surface of the lower seat such that the outer edge surface of the head is opposite to the lower The inner edge surface of the bearing cap is free to slide while maintaining the rotational position of the outer edge of the lower bearing cap 16 201139903 surface and the inner edge surface of the lower seat. Conversely, the lower bearing cap may have a non-circular inner edge profile that mates with a similar outer edge wheel temple and a round outer edge rim of the head such that the inner edge surface of the lower body is opposite the lower bearing cap The outer edge surface of the body is free to slide while maintaining the rotational position of the outer edge surface of the head and the inner edge surface of the lower bearing cover. The non-circular profile can be selected from a variety of shapes, such as polygons, squares, rectangles, angles, or any other shape known to those skilled in the art. Preferably, the outer or inner edge contour of the lower bearing cap is rounded so that the valve stem can rotate while maintaining a good seal. In a preferred embodiment, the lower bearing cap 400 prevents contact between the outer edge surface of the head and the inner edge surface of the lower body and avoids the proximal surface of the lower body and the distal surface of the head. contact. In another embodiment, the inner surface of the lower body has a -f curved surface between the proximal portion and the distal portion of the lower body. In these embodiments (examples of which are shown in Figures 8A and 8B), the lower bearing cap prevents lateral or radial movement of the head to the inner edge of the lower body over normal operating conditions. And under normal operating conditions, the valve stem can be prevented from moving longitudinally more than a specific amount toward the inner edge of the lower body in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the valve stem. Referring to Figures 7A through 7G, the A ^ iaj rff 7F 1 embodiment incorporates various modifications of various embodiments of the present invention. The lower bearing cap is not shown in Figures 7A through I 7F. Figure 7A depicts an embodiment in which the "body" has been removed, or its size has been substantially reduced. Upper bearing (not shown two: less diameter of the upper section of the stem where the bearing is located, or by adding; the diameter of the upper body section is inserted to create the space of the upper bearing 2 17 201139903 upper area of the valve stem Between the segment and the upper body section of the valve body. With all of the embodiments shown in Figures 7a through 7G, the upper drawoff prevents contact between the upper portion of the inter-rod and the upper portion of the valve body, The lower bearing cover prevents contact between the head and the lower body, and the lower suction cover body is coupled with the upper bearing to avoid contact between the middle portion of the valve body and the middle portion of the valve stem. In Fig. 7A, the middle portion of the intermediate body Located between the valve stem gland and the lower body. The figure shows an embodiment in which the upper bearing forms the top surface of the valve stem gland and the upper draw has a fixed outer diameter. Figure 7C is similar to Figure 7B. The green color indicates that the locking assembly can be trapped in the space. In a particular embodiment, the entire locking assembly can be located at or below the upper edge of the intermediate body. The πth figure shows the example above the upper body. Figure 7E shows that the locking tool has a larger diameter and can not be locked into the upper body. Embodiments; ^ In a particular embodiment, the entire locking assembly can be located at or below the upper edge ι5. Above the shank gland of Figure 7B... extends downwardly and forms a valve: = towards the valve stem _The inner surface and the lateral action of the far surface of the upper body. Figure 7F shows the upper surface of the upper shaft reading gland, and the upper bearing can be supported by the upper bearing and the valve mark mm-T & The surface of the inner edge is connected. The 7GG shows the surface of the scorpion; the surface of the lateral movement of the surface; the lower surface (4) (4) the inner surface of the gland to form the upper surface of the reading seal gland: "lower surface, Upper bearing
^ 7C ® 表面的實施例。第1A圖與第7A 至7C圖的各種特徵皆可 ^ 起’進而產生其他的實 18 201139903 施例。 在各種特定實施例中，下轴承蓋體與上軸承可避免閥 桿與閥體間之接觸、限制閥桿上區段朝閥體之側向移 動'限制頭部相對於下座體之側向移動、並維持閥桿密 封壓蓋與罰之閥桿壓蓋部分之間所需的間隔，以於鑽孔 中壓力低於閥體上方壓力時控制閥桿密封件擠壓通過相 同空間’同時控制閥桿密封壓蓋上表面與閥桿的閥桿壓 盘區#又之間的間隔’以於鑽孔1 9 0中壓力高於閥體上壓 力時控制閥桿密封件擠壓通過相同空間。 在其他實施例中，上轴承與上座體的形狀可分別以與 下轴承蓋體及下座體的形狀之相同方式加以變化，使得 上轴承可限制閥桿之上區段的侧像移動，且在需要的實 施例中，其可結合鎖固組件與上座體表面而防止閥桿朝 鑽孔190之縱向移動。 在該領域中所熟知之可用於描述閥桿相對於上座體及 /或相對於下座體之側向移動的另一用語為「偏離 (yawing)」。關於貫孔、上座體與下座體的其他該領域熟 知用語分別為貫穿孔（through bore)、埋孔（counter bore)、背铣乾（back spot face) 〇 在一較佳實施例中，閥桿密封壓蓋、閥桿壓蓋區段、 閥桿中段與本體中段的截面形狀皆為圓形，其可提昇闕 桿密封性且可限制閥桿密封件真空壓力下擠入鑽孔中； 而在其他較佳實施例中，形成閥桿密封壓蓋上表面之閥 體區段也具有一截面形狀。 19 201139903 下軸承蓋體400可包含多樣材料中的任一種。在—特 疋實施例中，下轴承蓋體係由聚醚趟酮（ρΕΕκ)材料所製 成。上軸體也可由該領域中熟知的多種材料所製成，例 如PEEK，其可滑動接觸閥桿表面與上座體，並使閥桿表 面及/或閥體表面以無磨損、或較低磨損方式分別可滑動 地接觸上軸承、閥桿表面及/或閥體表面。該領域技術人 士可知可依數種因素來選擇用於下軸承之一或多種材 料。在廷些因素間，例如考量的是球閥的預期應用，其 可包3考里閥裝置所預期面對的環境條件 '整體尺寸、 :週邊組件材料的相容性、材料特性以及其他因素。環 境條件會影響材料的膨脹性、收縮性、應力點、與週邊 件之接觸、以及該領域技術人士熟知的其他因素。這 些因素會影響Μ承蓋體提供穩㈣以及避免閥桿及閥 :體間磨損的能力。在具備本發明之優勢下，該 、_ 、疋適用於下軸承蓋體的一或多種材料，因此 發明特別解釋者之材料進行替換也同樣落於本 赞月貫靶例之範疇内。 第5A圖中例中，下轴承蓋體一般為圓形，例如在 圏中所示者。在另_特定眘 的直徑係bo… 内表面410 施例中n Μ與G.56GH之間。在—特定實 成密封之内^ 41G的直徑約為G.553 ^。與頭部形 英对之間。自420的直徑可介於約0.70英忖與0·72 英吋。在另特定實施例中’内部表面42。約為〇·718 、 1施例中，内部表Φ 420約為0.715英叶。 20 201139903 與下座體13〇接觸之外部表δ㈣的直徑係介於ο· 英时至〇.議英对之間。在一特定實施例中外部表面 的直把約為Q.798英4。在另—特定實施例中，下軸承 蓋體的厚度450約為0.032英呀。較佳為，結合使用p職 作為下蓋體材料之特定實施例的大小係可明帛1藉由 減少閥桿的側向移動而使閥桿敎，及2減少閥桿:間 體間之磨耗。 在另—實施例甲’在往貫孔遠側端75的下一個密封組 :是位於閥桿密封壓蓋15〇(下文中稱為壓蓋）内的間桿 捃封件600,此實施例也繪示於帛1A圖中。使用閥桿密 封件作為密封組件係為該領域所熟知。—般而言（但非必 要）’閥桿密封件係一圓形隆起形之機械襯墊，亦即具有 碟形截面之彈性材料圈。第6圖繪示了這種閥桿密：件 的—個實施例：閥桿密封件通常是設計為座落於—㈣ 内，且可於兩個以上部件之間壓縮而於交界面處產生^ 封险，其概使用於具有如本文所述、部件與閥桿間相對 移動之靜力或動力應用。 在進行本發明各種實施例之各個組件的材料選擇時， 該領域技術人士所考量的因素係以如上述所說明，並於 此重申其係與閥桿密封性有關。此外，閥桿所使用之大 小也可根據相同、類似或不同因素而加以變化。對於各 種實施例的特別考量在於壓纟15〇中為確保充足密封而 無閥桿密封件之額外擠伸或磨耗而所需的膨脹體積。另 —考量為閥桿密封件在室溫下以及在較高溫度（球閥在 21 201139903 延伸使用或在特殊應用期間所可能面臨者）下能夠提供 充足密封性的能力。因此，壓蓋的大小係與閥桿密封件 膨張能力特別相關。閥桿密封件在壓蓋内的理想收縮量 係可增進適當密封性，並降低或消除閥桿密封件磨耗。 在特定實施例中，理想的閥桿密封件收縮量為& 15%。 在另一實施例中，閥桿密封件收縮量係介於1〇至2〇%之 範圍、及/或14至16%之範圍。 在-實施例中’壓1 150為在貫孔附近的一圓形鑽 孔’閥柃密封件係置入其中以於中間密封區域33〇處包 圍閥桿300。應瞭解到壓蓋的大小係依所使用之間桿密 封件的大小與類型而異，中請人預想這些變化皆落於本 發明實施例之料中。在另-實施例中，壓蓋的直經係 介於〇·78()η與G.784H之間。在-特定實施例中， 壓蓋的直徑約為0.782英对。如上所述，閥桿的直徑可 介於約0.546英对與〇.55()英对之間。在另_實施例中， :桿的直徑可介於0.54〇英忖與〇 55〇英吋之間。在一特 :實施例中，閥桿的直徑約為〇 548英吋。在閥桿的特 定實施例中’閥體i00與閥桿300之間的間隙係限制為 不超過0.0G5英时、或限制為不超過請7英忖其可使 閥桿密封件擠伸的風險降至最低。此外，在與具有直徑 約0.548英对之中間密封區域33()之閥桿的上述特定實 施例一起使用時，閥桿係可產生最小拉伸，並於最大膨 ，期間實現理想收縮量。優勢為，所揭露之本發明特定 實麵例係可於閥桿裝置的壓蓋内使用一潤滑閥桿密封 22 201139903 件，其實際上可由任何適當材料組成。可與本發明揭露 之特定實施例一起使用的閥桿密封件之某些非限制實例 為Viton®氟化彈性體、杜邦Kalrez® 8575系列或杜邦^ Example of a 7C ® surface. The various features of Figures 1A and 7A through 7C can be used to generate other real 18 201139903 embodiments. In various specific embodiments, the lower bearing cap and the upper bearing avoid contact between the valve stem and the valve body, and restrict lateral movement of the upper portion of the valve stem toward the valve body 'restricting the lateral direction of the head relative to the lower body Move and maintain the required spacing between the stem seal gland and the penalty stem cover portion to control the stem seal to squeeze through the same space while the pressure in the borehole is below the pressure above the valve body. The spacing between the upper surface of the stem seal gland and the stem plate area of the valve stem is such that the control stem seal is forced through the same space when the pressure in the borehole is higher than the pressure on the valve body. In other embodiments, the shape of the upper bearing and the upper seat can be varied in the same manner as the shape of the lower bearing cover and the lower seat, respectively, such that the upper bearing can limit the lateral image movement of the upper section of the valve stem, and In a desired embodiment, it can be combined with the locking assembly and the upper body surface to prevent longitudinal movement of the valve stem toward the bore 190. Another term well known in the art that can be used to describe the lateral movement of the valve stem relative to the upper body and/or relative to the lower body is "yawing." Other well-known terms in the art for the through hole, the upper body and the lower body are respectively a through bore, a counter bore, a back spot face, in a preferred embodiment, the valve The cross-sectional shape of the rod sealing gland, the stem gland section, the middle section of the valve stem and the middle section of the body are all circular, which can improve the sealing performance of the mast and can restrict the squeeze of the stem seal into the borehole under the vacuum pressure; In other preferred embodiments, the valve body section forming the upper surface of the valve stem gland also has a cross-sectional shape. 19 201139903 The lower bearing cap 400 can comprise any of a variety of materials. In a special embodiment, the lower bearing cap system is made of a polyether fluorenone (ρΕΕκ) material. The upper shaft can also be made from a variety of materials well known in the art, such as PEEK, which slidably contacts the stem surface and the upper body and provides a wear-free or lower wear to the stem surface and/or valve body surface. Slidingly contacting the upper bearing, the stem surface, and/or the valve body surface, respectively. Those skilled in the art will recognize that one or more materials for the lower bearing can be selected based on several factors. Between the factors, for example, the expected application of the ball valve can be considered, which can cover the environmental conditions expected by the 3 valve device, the overall size, the compatibility of the peripheral component materials, the material properties, and other factors. Environmental conditions can affect the material's expansion, shrinkage, stress points, contact with surrounding parts, and other factors well known to those skilled in the art. These factors can affect the stability of the bearing cover (4) and the ability to avoid valve stem and valve wear. With the advantages of the present invention, the _, 疋, 疋 are suitable for one or more materials of the lower bearing cap, and therefore the replacement of the materials of the special interpreter of the invention also falls within the scope of the singular target. In the example of Fig. 5A, the lower bearing cap is generally circular, such as shown in 圏. In the other _ particular discreet diameter system bo... inner surface 410 between n Μ and G. 56 GH in the example. Within the specific seal, ^41G has a diameter of approximately G.553 ^. Between the head and the head. The diameter from 420 can be between about 0.70 inches and 0.72 inches. In another particular embodiment, the interior surface 42. In the case of 〇·718 and 1 , the internal table Φ 420 is about 0.715 inches. 20 201139903 The diameter of the external surface δ (4) in contact with the lower body 13〇 is between ο·英英至〇. In a particular embodiment, the straight handle of the outer surface is approximately Q.798. In another particular embodiment, the lower bearing cover has a thickness 450 of about 0.032 inches. Preferably, the size of the particular embodiment of the lower cover material is used in combination with the use of the p-type as the lower cover material to reduce the valve stem by reducing the lateral movement of the valve stem, and 2 reducing the stem: inter-body wear. . In the other embodiment - the next sealing group at the distal end 75 of the through hole: is the inter-sleeve seal 600 located in the stem sealing gland 15 (hereinafter referred to as a gland), this embodiment Also shown in Figure 1A. The use of stem seals as seal assemblies is well known in the art. In general (but not necessarily) the stem seal is a circular embossed mechanical gasket, i.e., a coil of elastomeric material having a dished cross section. Figure 6 illustrates an embodiment of such a stem: a valve stem seal is typically designed to be seated in - (d) and can be compressed between two or more components to produce at the interface. ^ Sealing, which is used in static or power applications with relative movement between components and stem as described herein. In making material selection for the various components of various embodiments of the present invention, the factors considered by those skilled in the art are as described above and are hereby reiterated to be related to valve stem tightness. In addition, the size of the valve stem can be varied according to the same, similar or different factors. A particular consideration for various embodiments is the expansion volume required in the compression 15 为 to ensure adequate sealing without additional extrusion or wear of the valve stem seal. Another – considers the ability of the stem seal to provide adequate sealing at room temperature and at higher temperatures (the ball valve is extended for use at 21 201139903 or may be faced during special applications). Therefore, the size of the gland is particularly relevant to the ability of the stem seal to expand. The desired amount of shrinkage of the stem seal within the gland improves proper sealing and reduces or eliminates stem seal wear. In a particular embodiment, the desired stem seal shrinkage is & 15%. In another embodiment, the stem seal shrinkage is in the range of 1 to 2%, and/or 14 to 16%. In the embodiment, the pressure 1 150 is a circular drill hole near the through hole. The valve seal is placed therein to enclose the valve stem 300 at the intermediate seal region 33〇. It should be understood that the size of the gland varies depending on the size and type of the rod seal used, and it is anticipated that these variations will fall within the materials of the embodiments of the present invention. In another embodiment, the straight line of the gland is between 〇78()η and G.784H. In a particular embodiment, the gland has a diameter of about 0.782 inches. As noted above, the stem can have a diameter between about 0.546 inches and 〇.55(). In another embodiment, the diameter of the rod may be between 0.54 inch and 〇 55 inches. In one embodiment: the valve stem has a diameter of about 548 548 inches. In a particular embodiment of the valve stem, the gap between the valve body i00 and the valve stem 300 is limited to no more than 0.0 G5 inches, or is limited to no more than 7 inches, which may cause the stem seal to be squeezed out. Minimized. Moreover, when used with the above-described particular embodiment of a valve stem having an intermediate seal region 33 () having a diameter of about 0.548 inches, the valve stem can produce a minimum stretch and achieve a desired amount of shrinkage during maximum expansion. The advantage is that the particular embodiment of the invention disclosed can be used in the gland of the valve stem assembly using a lubrication stem seal 22 201139903, which can in fact be composed of any suitable material. Some non-limiting examples of valve stem seals that can be used with particular embodiments of the present disclosure are Viton® fluorinated elastomers, DuPont Kalrez® 8575 series or DuPont
Kalrez® 4079系列或AS568-207尺寸之任何其他類型。 再進一步朝向貧孔1 7 0之遠側端7 5，最後一個密封組 件為一上抽承5 00，其係運作接合於上座體11〇。與下座 體130類似，上座體110可圍繞貫孔。在一特定實施例 中，上座體100為圓形。由第1]5圖所示實例可知，上座 體的最近側端15〇係鄰接於閥桿密封壓蓋，而上座體的 遠側端係開放於閥體的遠側端處以定義上邊緣1〇5。在 其他實施例中’第-窄端31G延伸於近側並通過上座體 11 〇的上邊緣1 〇 5。 上轴承500可與上座冑no共同運作接合。一般而言， 上軸承可為塾圈式插件，其具有一閥桿開口 515, 第-窄端310係可突出通過其間，如第以圖與第㈣ 圖中所示。在—實施例中，上轴承5〇〇的遠側端75係實 =平坦’特別是在靠近閱桿開口 515處，以助於旋 緊，，且件20。在—替代實施例中， 神水500的遠側75 :卜:於旋緊!且件的_或多個結構或特徵部，例如脊 :二二陷部' 或其他可與旋緊組件接合以維持閥 =閥“置收縮性的特徵部。上軸 間杯的遠側端75穩定，並限制其側向移動。 例可不含上座體，但是具有 間杯密封壓蓋Μ與上邊緣接觸且可推置= 23 201139903 上之墊圈。在不含上座體的其他實施例中，閥桿密封壓 蓋可延伸至中央貫孔的壁部，而在插入閥桿前閥桿密封 件可位於壓蓋中。 在進行本發明各種實施例之各個組件的材料選擇時， 該領域技術人士所考量的因素係以如上述所說明，並於 此重申其係與上軸承有關。在一特定實施例中，上軸承 包含PEEK材料。此外，上軸承的外圍形狀也可根據上 座體110的外圍形狀而變化。有利的是（但非必須），上 抽承與上座體的外圍形狀係充分相同。在—特定實_ 中，上座體110與上軸承具有圓形外圍形狀。在其他特 定實施例中，上座體的直徑約為2·375英吋、或約為i 375 英忖’其從上邊緣1G5至閥桿密封壓蓋開始處的深度約 為〇.075英吋、或約為0.135英吋。 牡力一貫施例中 ^ π 匕，3、一嘴邵 52〇’例如在帛2A圖與第⑼圖中所示者其於上軸承 500被置人上座體m時係可深入間桿密封壓蓋中。第 1A圖說明了此實施例。當階部位於間桿密㈣蓋150内 時’其係仿似封閉閥桿密封溝槽的功能。有利的是階 部52〇可限制閥桿密封件的軸向移動，以確保其並不會 擠至閥桿的螺紋Μ】上， 上並進—步穩定閥桿的遠側端 75。使用階部52〇的另一 與複雜声。 優點為其可大幅降低製造成本 r 白-砰的深唐Γ豆、土 八、足了可深入至閥桿密封壓 可依閥桿密封厭葚士 ή 』澄蓋甲夕通） 密封塵蓋本身的大小等其他因素而定。此外， 24 201139903 在整個直徑間階部深度525可保持一致；換言之，階部 520的近側50 —般可為平坦。在此實施例中，階部深度 525係介於〇·〇3〇英吋與0.040英吋之間。在一特定實施 例中，階部深度525約為0.035英吋。但是，替代實施 例可應用一種階部520，其中近側係具有一或多個傾斜 表面或凹部’以補償閥桿密封件膨脹。在一替代實施例 中’階部的近側具有凸部曲率或角度，因此階部會進一 步深入到閥桿密封壓蓋中而更靠近閥桿開口 5 1 5。 當然’當外圍形狀相容時即可增進階部5 2 0與閥桿密 封壓蓋150之交錯能力。如前所述、以及現將再次說明 者，閥桿密封壓蓋與閥桿的外圍形狀係可依該領域技術 人士所知的各種因素而加以變化，因此，階部520的外 圍形狀也是可改變的。在一特定實施例中，階部的外圍 形狀為圓形，以與前述閥桿密封件及閥桿密封壓蓋的特 定實施例相容。在特定實施例中，階部的直徑介於〇 78c 央忖與G.784英π寸之間、或介於Q 7英对至G 8英对之間。 在其他特定實施例中，階部的直徑約為〇 782英吋。 >本發明所揭露之球閥設計是一種改良的覆流式球閥設 計，且其可用於更多樣的應用中。改良之間桿設計使其 可根據間桿密封件材料選擇而於大溫度範圍中—致良好 地作用。在—實施例中，溫度範圍係、介於22°C至200。（ 之間。在另-實施例中，溫度係介於2_c至则。c之 預期到隨著可用的新閥桿密封件材料產纟，即可 兩溫限制也變為可行，而這些都併入本發明之設計 25 201139903 中。特地實施例係關於用於維持閥體1〇〇 一端（例如近側 端）與閥體另一端（例如遠侧端）之間的密封性之球閥。在 一特定實施例中，閥體的近側端（或中央貫孔）係處於真 空壓力下，而閥體的遠側端（或中央貫孔）係處於大氣壓 力下。在其他特定實施例中，閥體近側端處的真空壓力 係介於760托耳（丁01*〇至1〇_12托耳、76〇托耳至1〇_8托 耳、以及10·3托耳至10-8托耳之間的範圍内。在所揭露 之新穎設計中可見之閥桿密封收縮性之改善係可減少閥 才干上擠伸以及後續不希望的磨損，因此可增加閥的壽命 (開啟/關閉週期數）。如本文所述，進一步使用上下軸承 係可穩定閥桿、降低側向與軸向移動、並消除銅或其他 金屬墊圈之使用。在一特定實施例中，在球閥的球體中 也可具有排空孔。 在未與本說明書之教示内容不一致的範圍内，本文所 引用之所有的專利、專利申請、臨時申請以及公開文獻 白藉由參照方式而整體併入本文中，包含所有的圖式、 表格。 應知本文所述之實例與實施例僅為說明之用，該領域 技術人士可依其推知各種修飾例與變化例，其皆包含於 本發明之精神與範圍内。 上文已詳細說明本發明之實施例以符專利要件並提供 ^領域技術人士應用此新穎原王里、建構與使用此類專用 組件所需之必要資訊。然而，應瞭解本發明可由特別不 同的設備與裝置而實施’且可產生關於設備細節及運作 26 201139903 程序之各種㈣例’其皆不f離本發明之範_。此外， 應瞭解本發明雖㈣其料實㈣之料細節而加以描 述:但不表示這些細節應被視為對本發明料之限制， 其範圍係包含於如附申請專利範圍内。 【圖式簡單說明】 為對上述所載發明有更精確之瞭解，可參照如附圖式 所述之特定實施例而對本發明之各種實施力進行更具體 之描这應瞭解本文所提出之圖式並未按尺寸續製，且 圖式中或上述說明中所參照的任何尺寸皆與所揭露之實 施例有關，針對所欲目的而對本發明之實施例所進行的 任何尺寸變化皆落於本發明之範疇内。因此，應瞭解這 些圖式僅說明本發明之典型實施例，因而不被視為限制 範_之用，利用如附圖式即可進一步具體說明及解釋本 發明之實施例，其中： 第1A圖係本發明一實施例之前視戴面圖，其具有座落 於一閥體内之閥桿裝置。 第1B圖為本發明之閥體之一實施例的立體圖。 第2 A圖與第2B圖為本發明之上軸承之一實施例的上 平面圖。 第3A圖、第3B-1圖、第3B-2圖與第3C圖分別為本 發明之閥桿之一實施例的立體圖、前視圖、遠側端平面 圖、以及右側視圖。 第4A圖與第4B圖分別為一閥體之部分切截圖與放大 27 201139903 截面圖’該閥體係可與本發明之實施例一起使用。第4A 圖繪示了部分切截之閥體的右侧，其揭露了閥體中貫孔 的結構。第4B圖為第4A圖中圍繞部分「A」的放大圖， 其更詳細繪示了貫孔結構。 第5 A圖與第5B圖分別為本發明一實施例之下軸承的 前視圖與通過右侧視圖中線a_a之切截圖。 第6圖為可與本發明之閥桿裝置實施例一起使用的典 型閥桿密封件的照片。 第7A圖至第70圖繪示了本發明之各種實施例，其係 修飾第1 A圖所示實施例中的一或多種構想。 第8A圖與第8B圖繪示了與篦 J兴弟1A圖所不實施例類似 的兩個實施例，其中下軸承蓋體、 t星菔、閥桿的頭部、以及下 座體的形狀已相對於第丨八圖而加以修飾。 【主要元件符號說明】 20 旋緊組件 50 近側端 75 遠側端 100 閥體 105 上邊緣 110 上座體 130 下座體 135 下邊緣 150 閥桿密封壓蓋 28 201139903 170 貫孔 190 鑽孔 200 閥桿裝置 300 閥桿 310 窄端 330 中間密封區域 331 中段 335 密封表面 350 頭部 370 窄端 400 下軸承蓋體 410 内表面 415 中央閥桿開口 420 内部表面 430 外部表面 450 厚度 500 上轴承 515 閥桿開口 520 階部 525 階部深度 600 閥桿密封件 900 球閥 W 寬度 201139903Kalrez® 4079 Series or any other type of AS568-207 size. Further toward the distal end 75 of the poor bore 170, the last seal assembly is an upper drawoff 500 which is operatively coupled to the upper seat 11''. Similar to the lower body 130, the upper body 110 can surround the through hole. In a particular embodiment, the upper body 100 is circular. As can be seen from the example shown in Fig. 5, the proximal side end 15 of the upper body is adjacent to the valve stem gland, and the distal end of the upper body is open to the distal end of the valve body to define the upper edge 1〇. 5. In other embodiments, the 'narrow end 31G extends proximally and passes through the upper edge 1 〇 5 of the upper body 11 。. The upper bearing 500 can be cooperatively engaged with the upper seat 胄no. In general, the upper bearing can be a loop-type insert having a stem opening 515 through which the first narrow end 310 can protrude, as shown in the figures and (d). In the embodiment, the distal end 75 of the upper bearing 5〇〇 is solid = flat, particularly near the viewing rod opening 515, to aid in tightening, and the member 20. In an alternative embodiment, the distal side 75 of the Shenshui 500 is: screwed on! and the _ or a plurality of structures or features of the piece, such as the ridges: two or two traps' or other engageable with the screwing assembly Maintaining the valve = valve "contracting feature. The distal end 75 of the upper inter-axle cup is stable and restricts its lateral movement. The example may be free of the upper seat, but has a cup seal gland 接触 in contact with the upper edge and Pusher = 23 washers on 201139903. In other embodiments that do not include the upper body, the stem seal gland can extend to the wall of the central through hole, and the stem seal can be located in the gland prior to insertion of the valve stem In making the material selection for the various components of the various embodiments of the present invention, the factors considered by those skilled in the art are as described above and are hereby reiterated to be related to the upper bearing. In a particular embodiment, The bearing comprises a PEEK material. In addition, the outer shape of the upper bearing may also vary according to the outer shape of the upper body 110. Advantageously, but not necessarily, the outer peripheral shape of the upper and the upper body is substantially the same. _ middle, upper body 110 and upper shaft Having a circular peripheral shape. In other particular embodiments, the upper body has a diameter of about 2.375 inches, or about i 375 inches. The depth from the upper edge 1G5 to the beginning of the valve stem gland is about 〇.075 inches, or about 0.135 inches. In the usual example, π 匕, 3, one mouth Shao 52〇' is shown in the upper bearing 500, for example, in the 帛2A diagram and the (9) diagram. When the upper body m is placed, it can be penetrated into the inter-bar sealing gland. Figure 1A illustrates this embodiment. When the step is located in the inter-seal (4) cover 150, it functions like a closed valve stem sealing groove. Advantageously, the step 52〇 limits the axial movement of the stem seal to ensure that it does not squeeze onto the threaded shank of the valve stem, and the step of stabilizing the distal end 75 of the valve stem. Another 52-inch and complex sound. The advantage is that it can greatly reduce the manufacturing cost r--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The cover of the cover is determined by other factors such as the size of the seal dust cover. In addition, 24 201139903 depth in the entire diameter of the diameter 5 25 can be consistent; in other words, the proximal side 50 of the step 520 can generally be flat. In this embodiment, the step depth 525 is between 〇·〇3〇英吋 and 0.040 inches. In an embodiment, the step depth 525 is about 0.035 inches. However, alternative embodiments may apply a step 520 in which the proximal side has one or more inclined surfaces or recesses to compensate for expansion of the valve stem seal. In an alternative embodiment, the proximal side of the 'step has a convex curvature or angle, so the step will go deeper into the stem sealing gland and closer to the stem opening 5 1 5 . Of course 'when the peripheral shape is compatible The staggering ability of the step portion 520 and the stem sealing gland 150 is enhanced. As previously mentioned, and as will now be explained again, the peripheral shape of the valve stem gland and stem can be varied in accordance with various factors known to those skilled in the art, and thus the outer shape of the step 520 can also be changed. of. In a particular embodiment, the outer periphery of the step is circular in shape to be compatible with the particular embodiment of the valve stem seal and stem seal gland described above. In a particular embodiment, the diameter of the step is between 〇78c and G.784 inches, or between Q7 inches and G8 inches. In other particular embodiments, the diameter of the step is about 782 782 inches. > The ball valve design disclosed herein is an improved overflow ball valve design and can be used in a wide variety of applications. The improved inter-rod design allows it to function well over a wide temperature range depending on the choice of inter-seal seal material. In an embodiment, the temperature range is between 22 ° C and 200. (Between the other embodiment, the temperature system is between 2 and c. The expectation of the new valve stem seal material is available, and the two temperature limits become feasible, and these are In the design of the invention 25 201139903. The specific embodiment relates to a ball valve for maintaining the seal between the one end of the valve body 1 (for example, the proximal end) and the other end of the valve body (for example, the distal end). In a particular embodiment, the proximal end (or central through bore) of the valve body is under vacuum pressure and the distal end (or central through bore) of the valve body is at atmospheric pressure. In other particular embodiments, The vacuum pressure at the proximal end of the valve body is between 760 Torr (Ding 01*〇 to 1〇_12 Torr, 76 Torr to 1〇_8 Torr, and 10·3 Torr to 10-8) Within the range between the brackets, the improvement in stem seal shrinkage seen in the novel design disclosed reduces valve stem extrusion and subsequent undesirable wear, thereby increasing valve life (on/off cycle) Number). As described in this article, further use of the upper and lower bearing system can stabilize the valve stem, reduce the lateral direction and the shaft Moving, and eliminating the use of copper or other metal washers. In a particular embodiment, there may also be venting holes in the ball of the ball valve. All of the references cited herein are not inconsistent with the teachings of this specification. The patents, patent applications, provisional applications, and publications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety in their entirety in the entirety in the the the the the the the Various modifications and variations are intended to be included within the spirit and scope of the present invention. The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. The necessary information is required to construct and use such specialized components. However, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented by particularly different devices and devices and can produce various (four) examples of device details and operations 26 201139903 procedures. In addition, it should be understood that although the present invention (4) is described in detail in the material (4), it does not mean that these details should be The scope of the present invention is intended to be included in the scope of the appended claims. </ RTI> Brief Description of the Drawings For a more precise understanding of the invention described above, reference may be made to the specific embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The various embodiments of the present invention are described in more detail. It should be understood that the drawings presented herein are not continuation of the dimensions, and any of the dimensions referred to in the drawings or in the above description are related to the disclosed embodiments. Any dimensional changes made to the embodiments of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, it should be understood that these drawings illustrate only typical embodiments of the present invention and are not considered as limiting. The embodiment of the present invention will be further described and explained by way of example, in which: FIG. 1A is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention having a valve stem device seated in a valve body. Fig. 1B is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the valve body of the present invention. 2A and 2B are top plan views of an embodiment of the upper bearing of the present invention. 3A, 3B-1, 3B-2, and 3C are respectively a perspective view, a front view, a distal end plan view, and a right side view of one embodiment of the valve stem of the present invention. Sections 4A and 4B are respectively a partial cut and enlarged view of a valve body. 27 201139903 Cross-sectional view The valve system can be used with embodiments of the present invention. Figure 4A shows the right side of the partially cut valve body, which reveals the structure of the through hole in the valve body. Fig. 4B is an enlarged view of the portion "A" in Fig. 4A, which shows the through hole structure in more detail. 5A and 5B are respectively a front view of the bearing and a cutaway view through the center line a_a of the right side view, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 is a photograph of a typical valve stem seal that can be used with the valve stem device embodiment of the present invention. Figures 7A through 70 illustrate various embodiments of the present invention which modify one or more of the concepts of the embodiment shown in Figure 1A. 8A and 8B illustrate two embodiments similar to the embodiment of the 篦J Xingdi 1A, in which the shape of the lower bearing cap, the t-star, the head of the valve stem, and the lower body It has been modified relative to the eighth chart. [Main component symbol description] 20 Screwing assembly 50 proximal end 75 distal end 100 valve body 105 upper edge 110 upper seat 130 lower seat 135 lower edge 150 stem sealing gland 28 201139903 170 through hole 190 drilling 200 valve Rod device 300 valve stem 310 narrow end 330 intermediate seal region 331 middle segment 335 sealing surface 350 head 370 narrow end 400 lower bearing cap 410 inner surface 415 central stem opening 420 inner surface 430 outer surface 450 thickness 500 upper bearing 515 stem Opening 520 step 525 step depth 600 stem seal 900 ball valve W width 201139903