TW201139289A - Method and device for treating water - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and a device for filtering water, comprising an ion exchanger containing a weakly acidic ion exchange material loaded with magnesium ions in a proportion ranging from 83% to 91% of its ion exchange capacity.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of treating drinking water by using an ion exchange resin and to a percolation system of the type having a filter cartridge including a resin. Features stated herein before the scope of the main patent application. These methods and filtration systems are widely used to treat domestic water/food water to construct kettles, coffee makers and electric kettles. [Prior Art] It is known in the related art to use a filtration system to treat domestic water, wherein the cartridge type filter can be replaced such that the water passing through the conduit of the filtration system is forced through the filter and the filter bed contained therein Insert it tightly into the pipe. The system is used to construct kettles and pots that provide filtration for domestic water use. Cartridge filters for use in their systems can have a different composition of the trampoline depending on the specific chemical/physical function required. For example, a filter may be used, the filter material being suitable for ordinary treatment of drinking water or containing it for correcting hardness, removing taste and odor, selectively removing predetermined contaminants (gas and derivative heavy metals, pesticides) ) or even the treatment of treated water:: Specific agents for bacteriological treatment. In particular, in order to correct the hardness of water and the amount of heavy gold dissolved in it, it is often the case that the cesium ion exchange ge t 甘 甘 ' 换 换 换 换 换 换 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , & B g 4 τ η demon wood) Weigh and release the ions of the correct chemical structure, 201139289 to make ion exchange with the water through the tree. These resins may have an acid/bio group (cation exchange resin) or an anionic group (anion exchange resin). The acidic group of the first type of resin may be a sulfonic acid group, _s〇3H, which has a strong acidic character (and thus is referred to as a strong acid resin); or a spectroscopy group, _c_, which has a weaker I characteristic (and thus Known as weak acid resin). If the solution of the salt or salt flows through the cation exchange resin layer in the filter cartridge, the cations cause the acidic groups of the resin to form a salt via a reversible process, and the cations thus become fixed to the resin. This process is reversible. With regard to weakly acidic cation exchange resins, it is known to reduce the hardness of water such as hardeners for drinking water and sub-exchange of heavy metals with ion exchange resins. However, the passage of hydrogen ions in the water is unfavorable because it excessively lowers the pH of the water itself, and the basin 3 is lacking to be sturdy, and the drinking water or tap water preferably has a pH greater than or equal to 6.8. - It is further known to use a weak (iv) ion exchanger which is at least partially rich in its ion exchange capacity or to load a soft material to soften p ° field sheep =» in DE 3243147, describing a means by means of a vaporizer and/or a counter A method of infiltrating to treat seawater using an ion exchanger loaded with a town ion. WO 2008/062099 千 括 括 ι 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人Ion ion exchanger. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 4 201139289 In the water used to treat drinking water, it is desirable to replace the kettle with a large amount of water, about several hundred liters. In the field of sub- or general filtration systems, the filter cartridge pretreatment of the sub-exchange resin is quite equivalent. Therefore, in the present invention, the type of the heterozygous & ^ 7 kg 4 ion parent exchanger is a weakly acidic sub-exchange material because of its "life. & Strong acidity is long and allows for (four) exchange of 'from' to a relatively large amount of water. The ion exchange materials are (for example, resins. For example, the resin is weak as mentioned in synthetic polymers) The type of acid type is known to be non-renewable and not in a complete manner 'and therefore, the inclusion of 0 in the filtration system is at the end of its useful life', ie when it is no longer able to trade the miscellaneous miso It is discarded, thereby allowing the kettle to be used simply without providing a recycling cycle. The technical problem solved by the present invention is to obtain water (good removal of heavy metals in any type of primary enthalpy, and at the same time obtain substantially neutral or only A slightly different positive value from neutral conditions, such as a positive value in the range of 65 to 75. The range between 6.8 and 7.5 is optimal. Higher values of ρΗ may be subjectively unpleasant. taste It is also important that the filtered water does not have a hardness that is too high or too low as described below. The applicant has stated how a weakly acidic ion exchange resin loaded with 100% magnesium ions cannot solve the problem. Because the pH value of the water filtered in this way is excessively alkaline and its hardness is excessively unbalanced, in fact, only the release of magnesium excessively increases the hardness of water, especially when the hardness of water is initially souther. The problem encountered at the time. In addition, the town used in the resin described in WO 2008/062099 201139289

The scope, which is also the maximum value of 70%, has been observed by the applicant to determine how the inorganic salts in the water are not properly balanced within this maximum, as explained in more detail below. Thus, according to the present invention, water is treated with a weakly k-type ion exchange resin loaded with a percentage of between 83% and 91%. The term "resin loaded with..." is intended to be understood as follows. The exchange resin removes heavy metals from water via an ion exchange mechanism in which the ('deficient) is replaced by a group and fixed in place by the resin. :: Resin-likely synthesized to have a positively charged (anionic) or charged (cationic) surface, and further, prior to use, it is saturated with an active solution imparting a specific amount of the group available for exchange. . Therefore, the metal ion reacts with the resin to become fixed thereto, and is replaced by a reactive base in the exchange of the resin contained therein. If the resin is loaded with hydrogen, the exchange with the contaminant calcium is as follows:

CaS〇4 + 2 H+ —> H2S〇4 + Ca++. 9 ^ Therefore, the resin with 83% to 91% magnesium loading has a magnesium tree for 83% to 91% of its ion exchange monthly force, and the town is released into the water to replace the ship, copper, and crucible. Ions, etc., the stomach plasma is in water and becomes attached to the resin in place of the released magnesium. Naturally, because a certain percentage of magnesium ions are also present in the water, the lock ion can also become attached to the resin in place of the other group in which it is ion exchanged in the released town or resin. 201139289 Preferably, the residual ion exchange capacity of the resin of the present invention or the resin to the state of 17% is loaded with hydrogen ions. The tree _ the plasma to make the pH of the water a neutral value. More than two, the ion exchange resin of the present invention is a cationic m & a change in the body = the exchanger is known to be a cationic exchanger because the cations remain in the water after exchange. The weakly acidic cationic exchanger operates substantially in a weak acid manner. According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention relates to a device for filtering water, which has a load ranging from 83% to 91% of its ion exchange capacity. The ferrite of the weakly acidic ion exchange material of magnesium ions. Over:: According to the various or additional aspects of the invention, the water is treated by diafiltration through the " Advantageously, in addition to the ion exchange resin, the cartridge also contains charcoal impregnated with silver. The role of carbon in the cylinder involves the adsorption of chlorine present in the transition water and the derivatization of ::::: gas pesticides, other gas-containing compounds). The function of silver is bacteriostatic. The rabbit is generally in the form of particles and it is preferably mixed with the ion exchange resin in a cylinder. The pot + /, action 疋 does not affect the resin, because the method of reducing chlorine and derivatives is different from the resin's method of hardness and weight. · The former by means of adsorption and the latter by means of another or other 'filter cartridge Further comprising a screen that is mechanically superstructured above the filter cartridge or at the beginning of the water filtration cycle and/or at the end of the filter cartridge or at the outflow of water after percolation. The features and advantages of the present invention will be better understood from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments, which Schematic to illustrate. In the picture! The medium-replaceable type of cartridge is generally referred to as i and is intended for use in filter-type filtration devices such as filter kettles, extractors, coffee makers, and the like. Typically, such devices (e.g., kettle c) include a baffle or funnel H that divides the kettle C into compartments for holding the water to be filtered and for collecting the tank LB through the submerged water. In the base s of the funnel H, the filter cartridge 1 is accommodated such that the entire water to be filtered flows through the filter cartridge i. The water to be treated is introduced into the upper tank UB and flows through (4) 1 due to gravity to reach the lower tank. The cartridge 1 contains an ion exchange material IEM constructed in accordance with the present invention, i.e., a weakly acidic cation exchange resin loaded with a percentage of 83% to 91% of locked ions, such that when water flows through the cartridge i, the town ions replace The heavy metal ions and feed ions are constructed in such a way. The tree particle shape. The biting material is either replaced by a hydrogen ion, and the hydrogen ion is also present in the remainder of the resin that is not occupied by the magnesium ion. Preferably, the cartridge i further contains a charcoal cv impregnated with silver, such as carbon derived from a coconut shell and impregnated with silver. According to a preferred method of the present invention, an ion exchange resin is obtained by converting a previously partially converted resin into a nanoform form into a magnesium form. Partial conversion in the form of 8 201139289 is achieved by hydrogen hydroxide and a precise amount of hydroxide reduction, which is calculated to obtain the desired partial conversion. The heart and the tree are then converted to magnesium form by contact with a chloride or magnesium sulfate solution. Thereby the sodium ions in the resin are replaced by the town ions' without affecting the ratio w of the exchange groups with respect to the hydrogen form, which does not change in the final product. This method of the present invention is preferred, but is not the only method that can be used because it enhances the reliability of a resin having a partially homogeneous transition (i.e., particulate matter (e.g., 'microparticles) having the same partial conversion). This resin is made to have a performance level that can be reproduced over time irrespective of the sample being inspected. By way of example, in the case of a mixture of a resin in the form of a town and a resin in the form of a gas, it will be possible to obtain only a resin which is converted to the desired form on average, which is forcibly obtained from a particulate material which is wholly in the form of magnesium or completely in the form of hydrogen. The composition will provide a variable operational result if the two components are not mixed well. In the laboratory tests discussed below, the resin crucible of the present invention obtained according to the above method was subjected to contact with a tap water sample containing different concentrations of calcium ions and magnesium ions and heavy metal ions. The content of the sample is measured for calcium ions and magnesium ions and/or heavy metal ions before and after the tap water flows through the ion parent exchanger to evaluate the effect of the resin oxime. Water filtered by a resin containing magnesium outside the above range cannot be used for the purpose of the present invention. The following test s provides an embodiment in which the kettle of Figure 1 is used to filter tap water through an ion exchanger comprising a resin loaded with about 35% magnesium. The initial water has the following characteristics: 201139289 U.M. Method Magnesium Mg/L EPA 6010 2007 Hardness 〇F APAT CNR-IRSA 2040B Man 29 2003

Table 1 uses the above resins loaded with a minimum percentage @ Mg of less than the scope of the present invention. The filtered water has the following characteristics of Table 2 (illustrating a plurality of analyses, each of which is analyzed after a specified number of liters): UM Method Results ~~*~---- Magnesium Mg/L EPA 6010 2007 32 Hardness T APAT CNR-IRSA 2040B Man 29 2003 16' ~^ ---- ——— 8th Well Magnesium Mg/L EPA 6010 2007 32 Hardness 〇F APAT CNR-IRSA 2040B Man 29 2003 13 —- —------ Magnesium Mg/L EPA 6010 2007 32 Hardness °F APAT CNR-IRSA 2040B Man 29 2003 16 Magnesium Mg/L EPA 6010 2007 32 Analysis of 32nd hardness and hardness °F APAT CNR-IRSA 2040B Man 29 2003 17 Magnesium Mg/L EPA 6010 2007 26 Analysis of 62 liters of hardness T APAT CNR-IRSA 2040B Man 29 2003 18 Magnesium Mg/L EPA 6010 2007 22.6 Analysis 102 liters hardness °F APAT CNR-IRSA 2040B Man 29 2003 18 Table 2 10 201139289 • This table shows how the hardness of the filtered water is too low, which is a characteristic that affects the balance of the inorganic salts normally present in the water itself and needs to be maintained. . In particular, first of all, in the case of susceptible pathology, it is important to provide inorganic salt ions for preventive purposes, especially for hardness higher than 15 °F. The resin of the present invention is suitable for introduction into commercial filter cartridges for any type of water of previously unknown hardness, but which must be capable of being at any given initial hardness. Maintain a "acceptable" or hardness value greater than 15 〇 F, or for water having a very low hardness of about 10 °F. Therefore, the Applicant has found that the acceptable hardness is formed only in the case where the Mg concentration in the resin is higher than 83%. It has been found that for resins loaded with more than 91% of the town, there is an excessive release of Mg, which in turn makes the water too hard' especially for water having an initial hardness greater than 25 °F. In detail, the initial hardness is not maintained. In addition, the over-magnesium cross-blocks the release of hydrogen ions, thereby preventing the water from reaching a substantially neutral pH. The following table shows the initial water (Tables 3 and 5) with a certain amount of heavy metals and the filtered water (Tables 4 and 6) using two different resins. The resin is produced according to the present invention. The former contains 84% magnesium. The load (resin 1) and the latter contains 90% (the rest of the resin resin is loaded with hydrogen: the shell material is displayed according to the volume of water which is continuously treated with the same filter cartridge 1. The initial water treated with the resin 1 continuously: 11 201139289 Hardness free active gas steel lead, zinc and mercury pH hardness

U.M. °F Method APAT CNR-IRSA 2040B Man 29 2003

Mg/L Cl2

Mg/L

Mg/L

Mg/L

Mg/L

Mg/L APAT CNR-IRSA4020 Man 29 2003 EPA 6010C 2007 EPA 60IOC 2007 EPA 60IOC 2007 EPA 60 IOC 2007 EPA 60 IOC 2007 Table 3

The data of the water of Table 3 filtered by the resin 1 is as follows. U.M. Method

°F APAT CNR-IRSA 2040B Man 29 2003 Free Reactive Nitrogen Copper

Mg/LCl2

Mg/L APAT CNR-IRSA 4020 Man 29 2003 EPA 60IOC 2007 Lead

Mg/L EPA 60IOC 2007 zinc mercury pH hardness free active hydrogen steel lead zinc pH value hardness gas copper lead

Mg/L

Mg/L

Mg/L

°F

Mg/LCl;

Mg/L

Mg/L

Mg/L

Mg/L

Mg/L

Mg/LCb

Mg/L

Mg/L EPA 60 IOC 2007 EPA 60IOC 2007 EPA 60IOC 2007 Results 0.25 0.22 <0.001

APAT CNR-IRSA 2040B Man 29 2003 APAT CNR-IRSA 4020 Man 29 2003 EPA 60IOC 2007 EPA 60IOC 2007 EPA 60IOC 2007 EPA 60IOC 2007 EPA 60IOC 2007 APAT CNR-IRSA 2040B Man 29 2003 APAT CNR-IRSA 4020 Man 29 2003 EPA 60IOC 2007 EPA 60IOC 2007 0.23 <0.001

0.23 6.7 21.6 Gold liter 0.33 0.22 0.9 12 201139289 Zinc Mg/L EPA 6010C 2007 0.25 Mercury Mg/L EPA 60IOC 2007 <0.001 pH Mg/L EPA 6010C 2007 6.6 — -- Hardness T APAT CNR-IRSA 2040B Man 29 2003 21.6 Analysis of the 30th free active gas Mg/L Cl2 APAT CNR-IRSA 4020 Man 29 2003 0.28 ---- * Copper Mg/L EPA 6010C 2007 0.19 Lead Mg/L EPA 6010C 2007 0.61 Zinc Mg/L EPA 6010C 2007 0.31 — Mercury Mg/L EPA 6010C 2007 < 0.001 pH Mg/L EPA 6010C 2007 6.9 ------ Hardness °F APAT CNR-IRSA 2040B Man 29 2003 18.4 Analysis of free active chlorine Mg/LCl2 APAT CNR-IRSA 4020 Man 29 2003 0.34 Copper Mg/L EPA6010C 2007 0.19 ------—Lead Mg/L EPA 6010C 2007 0.30 ----- Zinc Mg/L EPA 60IOC 2007 0.33 --- Mercury Mg/L EPA 60IOC 2007 <0.001 ~~-. pH value Mg/L EPA 601OC 2007 6.7 -----_ Hardness 〇F APAT CNR-IRSA 2040B Man 29 2003 20 Analysis of the first free active gas Mg/L Cl2 APAT CNR-IRSA 4020 Man 29 2003 0.34 Copper Mg/L EPA 60IOC 2007 0.32 — Lead Mg/L EPA 60 IOC 2007 0.34 ---- Zinc Mg/L EPA 60 IOC 2007 0.54 ------ Mercury Mg/L EPA 60IOC 2007 < 0.001 - pH Mg/L EPA 60IOC 2007 7.1 -------- — Hardness °F APAT CNR-IRSA 2040B Man 29 2003 20.4 Analysis Free active gas Mg/LCl2 APAT CNR-IRSA 4020 Man 29 2003 0.31 --- Copper Mg/L EPA 60 IOC 2007 0.46 ------—Lead Mg/L EPA 60 IOC 2007 0.30 Zinc Mg/L EPA6010C 2007 0.77 — Mercury Mg/L EPA6010C 2007 <0.001 ------- pH Mg/L EPA 60IOC 2007 8.2 ------- -—— Table 4 13 201139289 Information on the initial water treated with Resin 2 : UM Method Results Hardness 〇F APAT CNR-IRSA 2040B Man 29 2003 23.6 Free Active Gas Mg/L Cl2 APAT CNR-IRSA 4020 Man 29 2003 0.72 Copper Mg/L EPA 6010C 2007 1.8 Lead Mg/L EPA 6010C 2007 1.6 Word Mg /L EPA 6010C 2007 1.8 Mercury Mg/L EPA 6010C 2007 0.002 pH Mg/L EPA 6010C 2007 6.7 Table 5 The water of Table 5 filtered with Resin 2 is as follows: UM Method Results Hardness °F APAT CNR-IRSA 2040B Man 29 2003 13.2 Analysis of the first liter of free active gas Mg/L Cl2 APAT CNR-IRSA 4020 Man 29 2003 0.044 Copper Mg/L EPA6010C 2007 0.12 Mg/L EPA 6010C 2007 0.26 Zinc Mg/L EPA 6010C 2007 0.23 Mercury Mg/L EPA 6010C 2007 <0.001 pH Mg/L EPA 6010C 2007 6.7 Hardness °F APAT CNR-IRSA 2040B Man 29 2003 21.2 Analysis 5 liters Free active gas Mg/LCl2 APAT CNR-IRSA 4020 Man 29 2003 0.032 Copper Mg/L EPA 6010C 2007 0.32 Lead Mg/L EPA 60IOC 2007 0.29 — — Zinc Mg/L EPA 60IOC 2007 0.49 ----—Hg Mg/L EPA 60IOC 2007 <0.001 ----- pH value Mg/L EPA 60IOC 2007 7.2 -- Hardness 〇F APAT CNR-IRSA 2040B Man 29 2003 23.2 斤斤第8八# Free active chlorine Mg/L Cl2 APAT CNR- IRSA 4020 Man 29 2003 0.032 Copper Mg/L EPA 60IOC 2007 0.32 Lead Mg/L EPA 6010C 2007 0.28 ^_ ----- __ 14 201139289 Zinc Mercury pH Hardness Free Reactive Gas Copper Zinc Mercury pH Hardness Free Active Gas Copper

Mg/L

Mg/L

Mg/L

°F

Mg/L Cl2

Mg/L

Mg/L

Mg/L

Mg/L

Mg/L

Mg/L Cl2 EPA 6010C 2007 EPA 6010C 2007 EPA 6010C 2007 APAT CNR-IRSA 2040B Man 29 2003 APAT CNR-IRSA 4020 Man 29 2003 EPA 6010C 2007 EPA 6010C 2007 EPA 6010C 2007 EPA 60IOC 2007 EPA 60IOC 2007 APAT CNR-IRSA 2040B Man 29 2003 APAT CNR-IRSA 4020 Man 29 2003 EPA 60IOC 2007 0.49 <0.001 0.058 0.31

Mg/L Mg/L EPA 60IOC 2007

Mg/L EPA 60IOC 2007

Tongue gas Copper Mg/L Cl2 Mg/L APAT CNR-IRSA 4020 Man 29 2003 EPA 60IOC 2007 0.076 0.32 Lead

Mg/L

Mg/L EPA 60IOC 2007 EPA 60IOC 2007 0.51 0.69 Mercury

Mg/L EPA 60 IOC 2007 <0.001

Mg/L EPA 60IOC 2007 7.6

Active chlorine Mg/L Cl2 copper lead Mg/L EPA 60IOC 2007 0.34 zinc

Mg/L

Mg/L

Mg/L EPA 60IOC 2007 EPA 60IOC 2007 EPA 60IOC 2007

Mg/L EPA 60IOC 2007 Table 6 0.5 0.71 < 0.001 7.1 15 201139289 As can be seen in Tables 4 and 6, the resin of the present invention significantly reduces water while maintaining a positive value close to the neutral value and a hardness within a favorable range. Make it heavy metal. The amount of magnesium in the water is substantially constant with respect to the amount of magnesium in the initial water. In the above analysis using Resin 1 and Resin 2, the average amount of μ g in the initial water is 15.3 mg/b and the average hardness is 23.3 °F. The average amount of filtered water after 150 liters was 2〇75 mg/1. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a filter kettle. The filter cartridge including the ion exchange material constructed in accordance with the present invention is included. [Main component symbol description]

Claims (1)

201139289 VII. Patent application scope: 2: Treating water, especially drinking water by using ion exchanger! Right second: the step of flowing water through the ion exchanger, the weak acidic ion exchange material of the ion exchanger (IEM), the proportion of the town ions is 83% of the ion exchange capacity. The water treatment method of the first application of the patent range, the weakly acidic ion exchange material (IEM) is a weakly acidic cation exchange resin. . 2. The water treatment method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the sub-exchange material (wrist) is partially loaded with wind ions without magnesium ions. 4. A process according to any one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the step of flowing through the ion exchanger (IEM) comprises the step of. The ratio of the weak acid shai and other magnesium ions loaded with the town ion is 5. The water filter device (C) includes a filter cartridge (!) containing an ion exchange material (IEM), which is surrounded by 83% of its ion exchange capacity. To 91%. 6. The device of claim 5 (Gan + Gong ^ && 裒罝 (C), wherein the weakly acidic ion parent exchange material (IEM) is a weakly acidic cation exchange resin. The device of item 6 (c), in which the weak partial load of magnesium ion is not supported. 7. The acid ion exchange material (IEM) hydrogen ion in the patent application range. 1) 'The ratio of the magnesium ion ion loaded therein 8. A filter cartridge for the percolation device (c) (a weakly acidic ion exchange material (IEM) of magnesium ions, ranging from 83% to 91% of its ion exchange capacity. 17 201139289 9. Scope of application Item 8 of the filter cartridge (1) for a percolation device (C), which comprises a charcoal (CV) impregnated with silver. 10. For use in a percolation device according to claim 8 or 9 ( C) A filter cartridge (1) containing a mesh filter placed in the water from the outlet of the filter cartridge. 8. Pattern: (eg page) 18