201138748 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本^係關於—種輪椅、輪椅裝置和輪椅照護網路系 ^特別是關於具有自動煞車功能、使用者姿態福測功 -之輪椅、輪椅裝置和輪椅照護網路系統。 【先前技術】 輪椅對於行動能力有所損傷的人，是不可或缺的輔助器 具，而且大部分的輪椅還是僅限於最基本的手動輪椅使 用。手動輪椅本身就是可任意滑動推行，本質上並不是一 個穩定平衡和安全的系統。許多肢體殘障的輪椅使用者， 因為控制能力不足，或是不正確的使用輪椅，f常造成輪 椅使用的意外傷害。 輪椅使用的意外臨床上最容易發生在輪椅使用者在輪椅 上起身和坐下時’輪椅不自覺的滑開，造成跌落的意外。 另外發生意外機率很高的使用情況是，當輪椅使用者居輪 椅後面，把輪椅當做助行器推料，因為身體協調不當或 步伐不穩造成輪椅向前滑出，造成跌落意外，了跌落的 意外之外期坐乘輪椅的使用纟，常常因為局部的過度 壓迫而產生壓瘡，或是長時間姿勢不良造成肢體骨骼的變 形，而壓瘡和骨骼變形等疾病不僅對患者造成健康上的威 脅，這些疾病的治療也耗費重大的醫療支出。 在機構式照護的使用環境來說，排除輪椅使用的意外、 壓瘡、和壓迫造成肢體變形等問題，是透過照護工作執行 的管理制度來達成目的。但是由於人口結構老化和勞力成 201138748 本增加的趨勢，一個照護人員往往要負責十數人甚或數十 人的照護負荷，要達到完全沒有疏失和縫隙的照護效果， 幾近乎是不可能的任務。因此極需要科技的介入，減低照 護人員生理和心理的負荷，把適合從照護人員分割出來工 作内容，如被照護者的身體姿態和生理狀態的監控，或是 被照護者發生危險機率高的狀況預測等，交由妥善規劃感 測環境來取得相關資訊，並適時的提醒和警告輪椅使用者 和照護人員’即可達成降低意外發生的效果。 【發明内容】 本發月k出具自動煞車裝置之輪椅、具使用者姿態摘測 之輪椅裝置和輪椅照護網路系統等技術，應用於照護機構 或是一般居家看護等環境，可提升照護品質，並減少輪椅 使用的意外風險。 本發明一實施例之輪椅包含一坐墊、至少一車輪軸及一 坐墊重量感應機構。車輪轴包含煞車裝置，用於煞停該車 輪軸丄墊重量感應機構設於該坐塾下方，並連接該煞車 裝置。當坐墊承受超過一預設重量時，該坐墊重量感應機 構牵動該煞車裝置解除該車輪軸之煞車；當坐墊承受未超 過該預設重量時，該煞車裝置煞停該車輪軸。 本發明一實施例之輪椅裝置包含一輪椅及一資料處理單 7L。該輪椅構造包含坐墊、背墊及扶手墊，且至少該坐墊、 背墊及扶手墊中之一者設有複數個感測器。該資料處理單 疋用以處理該複數個感測器偵測之感測資料，以分析輪椅 使用者之姿態及動作。 201138748 本發明-實施例之輪椅照護網路系統包含一輪椅、一祠 服器及至卜使用者介面。該輪椅包含坐墊、背塾及扶手 塾至夕該坐塾、背塾及扶手塾中之一者設有複數個感測 器該輪椅另包含-資料處理單元，以處理該複數個感測 器债測之感測資料’以分析輪椅使用者之姿態及動作。該 伺服器儲存和處理傳輸自該輪椅的感測資料。制者介面 連接至該舰器，以提供照護人貢存㈣服器中之感測f 料。 【實施方式】 本發明所揭示之實現方法將參考圖式舉例說明如下，惟 該等實現方式僅係例示，而並非為其侷限。 —般普遍使用的可㈣收納之手動輪椅在手煞車未鎖定 為可任意滑動之危險褒置，許多輪椅使用的意外都 是源於輪椅不經意的滑開’造成使用者跌落意外。圖i係本 發明所揭示-實施例之具自動煞車裝置之輪椅ig，在輪椅 10之車輪軸11上，裝設有煞車裝置（例如碟盤式煞車裝置）， 煞車的作動鋼索12連接到坐塾14側邊之牽動件（例如旋轉 輪）上，牵動件13設置有圈狀彈簧，可迫使煞車鋼索12 拉緊，使碟盤式煞車鎖定，由此輪椅1〇在沒有解除煞車鎖 疋狀態時皆無法任意推行。例如當輪椅1〇無人乘坐時，牽 動件13上的圈狀彈簧彈力施予車輪軸丨丨之煞車的作用力， 使煞車鎖定’如圖2所示。本實施财，坐塾Μ左右側約中 央位置各設有一轉折滑輪18。鋼索17連接於牵動件13且繞 過該轉折滑輪18後延伸連接至設於坐墊14另一側之固定點 201138748 20。鋼索17形成一交織網狀之坐墊重量感應機構4〇，用於 支持及感應輪椅使用者。當輪椅使用者臀部妥善的坐在輪 椅坐墊14上時，坐墊14的形變壓迫下方的鋼索”之連動機 構，轉變成連動鋼索12之張力（tension)，此張力將抵銷牵動 件13之圈狀彈簧的作用力，將原本煞車鎖定的狀態解除， 如圖3所示。換言之，自動煞車之機制相當於當該坐墊14 承受未超過該預設重量時（例如使用者未坐妥），該煞車裝置 煞停該車輪軸11，當該坐墊14承受超過一預設重量時（例如 使用者已坐妥）’該坐墊重量感應機構4〇牵動該煞車裝置解 除該車輪抽11之煞車。另外，輪椅10後方之推持扶手15上 也有煞車解除裝置16’當使用者按壓煞車解除裝置μ時， 所施加的張力即會藉由鋼索19傳動至牽動件13上，牵動鋼 索12進而解除煞車鎖定，如圖4所示》 參照圖5，關於鋼索17之設置亦可有其他變形。牵動件13 設置於輪椅坐墊14之兩側。鋼索17連接至設於坐墊14相對 側之固定點20，而形成一交織網狀之坐墊重量感應機構 40，用於支撐及感應輪椅使用者。本實施例無須轉折滑輪， 其設計更為簡單，但必須考慮支撐強度和使用者舒適度的 問題。 參照圖6’鋼索可以寬板繩帶21替代，可增加使用者的舒 適度。惟若繩帶21之伸縮效果較差時，其剛性需足夠，以 免體重之下壓力被繩帶21變形吸收，而失去帶動牽動件13 之效果。 參照圖7 ’以網狀織物2 2或皮面取代鋼索或織帶，可進 201138748 步增加舒適性。惟其自身形變量要夠小，以免本身的形變 消耗掉體重的下壓力，而失去拉扯牽動件13之效果。 綜上，不論是鋼索、繩帶、網狀織物或皮面構成之坐墊 重量感應機構，可自動感測使用者是否坐在坐墊上。當使 用者坐妥時，該坐墊重量感應機構牽動該煞車裝置解除車 輪軸之煞車。否則，該煞車裝置煞停車輪轴。 圖8係牽動件13之一實施例詳細結構，其係旋轉輪型式， 其中利用滑輪30來實現三個鋼索12、17及19張力的轉換， 三柱鋼索12、17或19的一端分別固定在滑輪3〇的三個固定 點上，有任何一方的鋼索12、17或19發生張力的變化，即 會牽動其他兩方鋼索，造成相關裝置的致動力。滑輪3〇中 心有圈狀彈簧31，目狀彈簧31的彈力將提供給當無人乘坐 時車輪轴11煞車裝置的制動力，以煞車鎖定輪椅1〇不會 /月動。备鋼索17或推持扶手煞車裝置丨6(即鋼索丨9)有拉扯力 道發生，即可以抵銷圈狀彈簧31之彈力，進一步解除車輪 軸11之煞車，以恢復輪椅10的自由滑動》另外該牽動件13 亦可採用圖9所示之同心力臂32，其中亦設有一圈狀彈簧3 i 而達到相同效果。 本發明所提出之輪椅自動煞車裝置，可確保輪椅使用者 未文善坐好在輪椅坐墊上時，皆保持輪椅的煞車鎖定狀 態’如此可以降低輪椅使用纟上下輪椅時意外滑落的風 險’亦不破壞手動輪椅的可指疊功能。很多輪椅使用者會 :輪椅當作助行器使用’他們站在輪椅的背後以推持扶手 田作支擇，推行輪椅步行前進，但是輪椅使用者失能狀況 201138748 二口 ’對推仃輪椅掌握能力也不盡相同，很多意外的發生 ?、疋由於使用者推行輪椅步行時，輪椅意外滑出而造成使 跌倒。本發明在推持扶手上設有煞車解除裝置， 田使用者欲推行輪椅步行前進時，可按壓解除裝置回復輪 椅的自由滑動狀態，即可推行前進。當使用者控制力不足 輪椅在前滑出，使用者手掌即無法按麼煞車解除裝置，則 輪椅立即停止’可避免輪椅不經意滑出造成滑落跌倒意 卜另外，^照護人員欲推行輪椅時，也可按壓推持扶手 上之煞車解除裝置，以方便推行。 圖ίο係本發明具有輪椅使用者姿態偵測和警示功能之輪 椅裝置50的不意圖。坐墊51和背塾52上以矩陣或是非矩陣 的方式平均散佈或局部加強密度散佈設置感測器^，感測 器53型式可為壓力感測器或是開關感測器，也可以兩種感 測器同時使用。相應之資料處理翠元6〇可包含資料輸入介 面61。如果是壓力感測器，資料輸入介面“需包含類比/數 位轉換介面，將類比的感測電壓值轉換成為數位訊號，讓 微處理器62可以運用處理。若是為開關感測器，則是對應 數位輸入介面，直接讀取開關的電位高低，即可送入微處 理器62進行運用處理。扶手墊54的感測器53亦可為壓力感 測器或是開關感測器，用以感測輪椅使用者是否有按壓扶 手’是否有起身和坐下的動作意圖。手煞車感測器55為開 關感測器，用以感測輪椅之手煞車是否有鎖定。運用所取 得之坐墊51、背墊52、扶手墊54及手煞車感測器乃之資訊， 即可以推算出輪椅使用者的動作和乘坐輪椅的姿態。使用 201138748 者介面63用以將使用者之設定輸入資料輸入介面61，例如 設定資料處理單元60為接收數位或類比資料。另外，資料 處理單元60可另包含無線傳輸模組64及警示模組65。微處 理器62處理輪椅上感測器53之感測資料，將之轉換成為輪 椅使用者姿態和動作等資訊，並將這些資訊做近端的儲 存’或透過無線通訊模組64，傳送至遠碱伺服器作進一步 的儲存和分析。若所感測之輪椅使用狀態和動作傾向，有 發生意外的高風險存在，警示模組65將透過聲音、燈光和 震動等方式發出警告，以提醒使用者和照護者注意並處理 之，亦同時透過無線通訊模組64送出警示訊息至遠端伺服 器和照護者使用行動裝置，作進一步的處理和儲存。以現 今之無線技術’手機亦可作為無線傳輸模組64之一實施例。 圖11為資料處理器60中的軟體流程規晝，我們關注的危 險使用動作為「坐下未鎖定」和「起身未鎖定」兩者，很 多輪椅使用者因為肢體的控制和反應能力不佳，對銀髮族 的輪椅使用者來說，輪椅使用的衛教效果也很難達到效 果，因此許多輪椅使用者在起身或坐下時，沒有確實將手 煞車鎖定，造絲㈣外滑_造成絲事故。@此我們 利用坐墊51和背塾53的壓力分佈或是臀型背型輪廊的改 及扶手墊54的壓力改變，可以推斷輪椅使用者是否有 身坐下的動作傾向，如果有起身和坐下的動作傾向，再 檢_手煞車的狀態’是否左右邊的手煞車都綠實鎖上，如 果使用者起身坐下動作中，輪椅的手煞車未確實鎖上，資 科處理單元60之警示模組65即會發出聲、％、和震動等警 201138748 不訊息，以提醒輪椅使用者鎖上手煞車，並同時藉由無線 通訊模組64傳送警示訊息，以通知照護人員前往輔助處 置，如此即可避免起身坐下時，使用者因為輪椅滑出而跌 落的意外。表一顯示本發明之感測資料及相應姿態之一對 應實施例。 表一 輪椅使用者狀態 感測資料 無人使用 坐墊、背墊和扶手墊壓力感測皆消失 準備坐下 扶手塾則緣有壓力感測/坐塾前緣有壓 力感測 坐下姿態 坐墊後緣有壓力感測/背轨有苹々4刊 準備起身 背墊麗力感測消失/坐墊後緣壓力感測 消失/扶手墊前緣有壓力感測 另外，當使用者乘坐在輪椅上時，資料處理單元6〇即開 始監測輪椅坐墊51和背墊52的壓力分佈和臀型背型輪廓， 用以判斷輪椅使用者的乘坐姿態是否有局部壓迫、危險坐 姿、或其他關注的問題姿態等狀況，如果有關注的危險姿 態發生，資料處理單元60之警示模組65將發出聲、光、和 震動等警示方式，提醒輪椅使用者注意乘坐姿態，且這些 所感測之輪椅使用者的㈣訊息，將透過無線傳輸模組料 通知照護人員前往處置，並儲存於照護服務伺服器中，用 以做進#的为析處理。表二顯示本發明之感測資料及相 應不良坐姿之一對應實施例。 201138748 表二 輪椅使用者狀態 感測資料 局部壓迫（例如左右傾） 坐墊局部壓力感測過大/背墊局 部壓力感測過大 危險坐姿（例如有滑落危 險） 僅坐墊前緣有壓力感測/僅背墊 前緣有壓力感測 不良坐姿（例如時間過 長） 其他不良坐姿所造成之坐墊、背 墊和扶手墊壓力分佈 合併以上兩個裝置’可建構具備自動煞車裝置和使用者 姿態偵測與警示之輪椅裝置，可主動的以自動煞車裝置來 防止使用者未妥善坐定前，輪椅不自主的滑開，更可以被 動的感測使用者的姿態和動作，並針對不當的輪椅使用， 發出警示以提醒使用者改善使用方式，或是提醒照護人員 前在處理，以避免危險和意外的發生，這樣主被動的雙重 安全保證可以有效的降低輪椅使用的意外，在兩個獨立系 統之無法發生作用時，依然可以備援的提供安全的保 障，例如，當使用者姿態感測和警示裝置失去作用，自動 車裝置還是可以忠實的發揮作用’避免輪椅使用者發生 跌落意外；相反的，如果自動煞車裝置失去作帛，使用者 的不當姿勢和使用方式，還是可以透過姿態偵測和警示裝 置’以聲音、光線和震動的方式提醒使用I，避免危 發生。 圖12為本發明所規劃之輪椅照護網路系統⑼，包含前述 之輪椅裝置5G、無線接取點84、伺服㈣、使用者介面^ •12- 201138748 ==置心輪椅裝置5G會將輪椅使用者的姿態和危險 =4=息’以㈣傳輪方式料敎點的無線接取 點84和照護服務提供者 接著把接# m. 裝置83。無線接取點84 、 、料經由資料傳輸網路傳送到伺服器81上 、步的處理。所述處理包含將輪椅使用者的乘坐時 Z姿L、和警不訊息做統計分析，並將分析的結果以圖 顯不’讓照護提供者可以改善照護服務的提供和加強相 關安全衛生教育的實施’以避免長時間乘坐輪椅所引發之 慢性疾病，如壓瘡和肢體變形等疾病，以及避免上下輪椅 滑落跌倒所造成的傷害料。照護服務提供者可透過使用 者介面82 (例如個人電腦）或行動裝置83,去讀取祠服器 1中之統β十为析的資訊，如此可以即時的提供必要的照護 服務。-實施例中，行動裝置83包含筆記型電腦、個人數 位助理（PDA)、智慧型手機或傳呼器（pa㈣等。實際上，行 動裝置83亦屬於使用者介面82之—種，而得包含於其内。 特別值得一提的是對緊急警示資訊的處理，輪椅資料處理 單疋的無線傳輸模組將警示訊息發送出來之後，除了固定 的無線接取點84接收資料外，照護者使用之行動裝置以也 會同步的接收該警示訊息，如此可以通知照護者無線通訊 範圍内的照護者，儘快就近前往處理警急狀況，以避免資 料傳輸網路和照護服務伺服器處理相關警示訊息，造成的 延誤，如此可以更嚴密的給予被照護者照護服務，減低危 險和疾病發生的風險，並進一步降低危險發生的傷害。 本發明是基於機構式照護型態中，輪椅使用所衍生的需 -13- 201138748 求來設計輪椅照護系統，從輪椅的自動煞車裝置、輪椅使 用者坐姿感測、輪椅使用者動作感測預知、輪椅資料傳輸 網路、輪椅照護伺服器和照護人員所使用之顯示裝置等， 即是為了解決輪椅相關照護服務所面臨迫切須要的問題， 如減少輪椅使用意外、降低長時間坐臥輪椅造成的壓迫和 肢體變形、和減輕照護人員的照護負荷等關鍵問題。 本發明之技術内谷及技術特點已揭示如上，然而熟系本 項技術之人士仍可能基於本發明之教示及揭示而作種種不 背離本發明精神之替換及修飾。因此，本發明之保護範圍 應不限於實施範例所揭示者，而應包括各種不背離本發明 之替換及修飾，並為以下之申請專利範圍所涵蓋。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1至4顯示本發明一實施例之輪椅示意結構圖； 圖5至7顯示本發明其他實施例之輪椅示意結_ . 圖8及9顯示本發明之輪椅自動煞車裝置之牵動件示意 圖10顯示本發明之輪椅裝置示意圖； 及 圖U顯示本發明之輪椅裝置之軟㈣㈣晝示意圖；以 圖12顯示本發明之輪椅照護網路系統示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 10 輪椅 12 鋼索 11車輪軸 13牵動件 201138748 14 坐堂* 15 推持扶手 16 手動煞車裝置 17 鋼索 18 轉折滑輪 19 鋼索 20 固定點 21 繩帶 22 網狀織物 30 滑輪 31 圈狀彈簧 32 同心力臂 50 輪椅裝置 51 坐墊 52 背墊 53 感測器 54 扶手墊 55 手煞車感測器 60 資料處理單元 61 資料轉換介面 62 微處理器 63 使用者介面 64 無線傳輸模組 65 警示模組 80 輪椅照護網路系統 81 伺服器 82 使用者介面 83 使用者行動裝置 84 無線傳輸裝置 40 坐墊重量感應機構 15-201138748 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Fields of the Invention] This section relates to a wheelchair, a wheelchair device, and a wheelchair care network. In particular, it relates to a wheelchair and a wheelchair device having an automatic braking function and a user posture. And a wheelchair care network system. [Prior Art] Wheelchairs are indispensable aids for people with impaired mobility, and most wheelchairs are limited to the most basic manual wheelchair use. The manual wheelchair itself is arbitrarily slidable and is not essentially a stable and safe system. Many wheelchair users with physical disabilities often suffer from accidental injuries to the wheel chair because of inadequate control or improper use of the wheelchair. The accident of wheelchair use is most likely to occur clinically when a wheelchair user gets up and sits in a wheelchair. The wheelchair unconsciously slides open, causing a fall accident. In addition, the high probability of accidents is that when the wheelchair user is behind the wheelchair, the wheelchair is used as a walking aid, because the body is not properly coordinated or the pace is unstable, causing the wheelchair to slide forward, causing a fall accident and falling. In the case of accidental use of wheelchairs, the pressure ulcers are often caused by local excessive compression, or the deformation of limb bones caused by prolonged posture, and diseases such as pressure sores and bone deformation not only pose a health threat to patients. The treatment of these diseases also costs significant medical expenses. In the context of the use of institutional care, the elimination of accidents caused by wheelchairs, pressure sores, and deformation of the limbs caused by physical deformation are achieved through the management system implemented by the care work. However, due to the aging of the population structure and the increasing trend of labor force 201138748, a caregiver is often responsible for the care load of ten or even dozens of people. It is almost impossible to achieve the care effect without any loss and gap. Therefore, it is extremely necessary to intervene in science and technology, reduce the physical and psychological load of caregivers, and separate the work content that is suitable for separation from the caregivers, such as the monitoring of the physical posture and physiological state of the caregiver, or the high risk of being taken care of by the caregiver. Forecasts, etc., by properly planning the sensing environment to obtain relevant information, and timely reminding and warning wheelchair users and caregivers can achieve the effect of reducing accidents. [Summary of the Invention] The technology of the wheelchair, the wheelchair device with the user's posture and the wheelchair care network system, which are used for the automatic braking device, can be applied to the care institution or the general home care environment to improve the quality of care. And reduce the risk of accidents in wheelchair use. A wheelchair according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a seat cushion, at least one wheel axle, and a seat cushion weight sensing mechanism. The wheel axle includes a brake device for stopping the axle axle pad weight sensing mechanism disposed under the seat and connecting the brake device. When the seat cushion is subjected to more than a predetermined weight, the seat cushion weight sensing mechanism moves the brake device to release the brake of the wheel axle; when the seat cushion is not subjected to the preset weight, the brake device stops the axle. A wheelchair apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a wheelchair and a data processing unit 7L. The wheelchair structure includes a seat cushion, a back pad and an armrest pad, and at least one of the seat cushion, the back pad and the armrest pad is provided with a plurality of sensors. The data processing unit is configured to process the sensing data detected by the plurality of sensors to analyze the posture and motion of the wheelchair user. 201138748 The wheelchair care network system of the present invention-embodiment includes a wheelchair, a server, and a user interface. The wheelchair includes a cushion, a backrest and an armrest, and one of the sitting, backing and handrails is provided with a plurality of sensors, the wheelchair further comprising a data processing unit for processing the plurality of sensor debts Measured sensing data 'to analyze the posture and movement of wheelchair users. The server stores and processes the sensing data transmitted from the wheelchair. The manufacturer interface is connected to the ship to provide the sensory material in the caregiver (4) server. The implementation method disclosed in the present invention will be exemplified as follows with reference to the drawings, but the implementations are merely illustrative and not limited thereto. (4) The manual wheelchair that is commonly used can be locked in the handcart. It is a dangerous device that can be arbitrarily slid. Many wheelchair accidents are caused by the inadvertent sliding of the wheelchair, causing the user to fall accidentally. Figure 1 is a wheelchair ig with an automatic braking device according to the embodiment of the present invention. On the wheel axle 11 of the wheelchair 10, a brake device (for example, a disk brake device) is mounted, and the brake cable 12 of the brake is connected to the seat. On the side of the rakes 14 on the pulling member (for example, the rotating wheel), the pulling member 13 is provided with a coil spring, which can force the brake cable 12 to be tightened, so that the disc brake is locked, whereby the wheelchair 1 is not unlocked. The status cannot be arbitrarily implemented. For example, when the wheelchair 1 is unoccupied, the loop spring on the traction member 13 exerts a force on the brake of the wheel axle to lock the brake as shown in FIG. In this implementation, a turning pulley 18 is provided at each of the left and right sides of the center. The cable 17 is attached to the pulling member 13 and extends around the turning pulley 18 to extend to a fixed point 201138748 20 provided on the other side of the seat cushion 14. The cable 17 forms an interwoven mesh cushion weight sensing mechanism 4〇 for supporting and sensing the wheelchair user. When the wheelchair user's buttocks are properly seated on the wheelchair cushion 14, the deformation of the seat cushion 14 presses the interlocking mechanism of the lower cable, which is converted into the tension of the interlocking cable 12, which will offset the loop of the pulling member 13. The force of the spring is released, and the state of the original brake is released, as shown in Fig. 3. In other words, the mechanism of the automatic braking is equivalent to when the seat cushion 14 is not subjected to the preset weight (for example, the user is not seated), The brake device stops the wheel axle 11 when the seat cushion 14 is subjected to more than a predetermined weight (for example, the user has already taken a seat). The cushion weight sensing mechanism 4 moves the brake device to release the brake of the wheel. There is also a brake release device 16' on the push armrest 15 behind the wheelchair 10. When the user presses the brake release device μ, the applied tension is transmitted to the traction member 13 by the cable 19, and the cable 12 is pulled to release the brake. Locking, as shown in Fig. 4, with reference to Fig. 5, there may be other deformations regarding the arrangement of the cable 17. The pulling member 13 is disposed on both sides of the wheelchair cushion 14. The cable 17 is connected to the opposite side of the seat cushion 14. The fixing point 20 forms an interwoven mesh cushion weight sensing mechanism 40 for supporting and sensing the wheelchair user. This embodiment does not need a turning pulley, and the design is simpler, but the support strength and user comfort must be considered. Referring to Fig. 6 'the steel cable can be replaced by a wide rope strap 21, which can increase the user's comfort. However, if the telescopic effect of the cord 21 is poor, the rigidity should be sufficient to prevent the pressure under the weight from being deformed by the cord 21 The effect of pulling the pulling member 13 is lost. Referring to Figure 7 'Replace the cable or webbing with the mesh fabric 2 2 or the leather surface, the comfort can be increased by step 201138748. However, the shape variable itself is small enough to avoid the deformation of itself. The weight of the weight is reduced, and the effect of pulling the pulling member 13 is lost. In summary, whether the cable weight sensing mechanism composed of the steel cable, the rope belt, the mesh fabric or the leather surface can automatically sense whether the user is sitting on the seat cushion. When the user is seated, the seat cushion weight sensing mechanism pulls the brake device to release the brake of the wheel axle. Otherwise, the brake device 煞 stops the axle. FIG. 8 is the traction member 13 A detailed structure of an embodiment is a rotary wheel type in which the tension of three steel cables 12, 17 and 19 is converted by means of a pulley 30, and one end of the three-column steel cable 12, 17 or 19 is fixed to three fixed portions of the pulley 3, respectively. At the point, the tension of the cable 12, 17 or 19 of either side changes, which will affect the other two cables, causing the actuation force of the relevant device. The center of the pulley 3 has a coil spring 31, and the spring force of the eye spring 31 will Provided to the braking force of the wheel axle 11 brake device when no one is riding, the wheelchair is locked by the brakes. The brake cable 17 or the push-pull brake device 6 (ie the cable pulley 9) has a pulling force, that is, The elastic force of the coil spring 31 can be offset, and the braking of the wheel axle 11 can be further cancelled to restore the free sliding of the wheelchair 10. Further, the pulling member 13 can also adopt the concentric force arm 32 shown in FIG. 9, which also has a ring shape. The spring 3 i achieves the same effect. The wheelchair automatic braking device proposed by the invention can ensure that the wheelchair user is locked in the wheelchair when the wheelchair user is not seated on the wheelchair cushion. This can reduce the risk of accidental slippage when the wheelchair is used up and down the wheelchair. Destroy the finger-folding function of a manual wheelchair. Many wheelchair users will use: wheelchairs as walking aids. 'They stand behind the wheelchairs to push the handrails to make choices, and push the wheelchairs to walk forward, but the wheelchair users are disabled. 201138748 Two's grasping the wheelchair The abilities are not the same. Many accidents occur. 疋Because the user walks in a wheelchair, the wheelchair accidentally slips out and falls. The present invention is provided with a brake release device on the push armrest. When the user wants to push the wheelchair forward, the user can press the release device to return to the free sliding state of the wheel chair, and the advancement can be carried out. When the user has insufficient control and the wheelchair slides out, the user's palm can't press the device to release the device, and the wheelchair stops immediately. 'It can prevent the wheelchair from slipping out and causing the slip to fall. In addition, when the caregiver wants to implement the wheelchair, The brake release device on the armrest can be pressed to facilitate the implementation. Figure ίο is a schematic illustration of a wheel chair assembly 50 having a wheelchair user attitude detection and alerting function. The cushion 51 and the back 52 are evenly distributed or partially reinforced by a matrix or a non-matrix. The sensor 53 can be a pressure sensor or a switch sensor, or two senses. The detector is used at the same time. The corresponding data processing Cuiyuan 6〇 can include a data input interface 61. If it is a pressure sensor, the data input interface “includes an analog/digital conversion interface, and converts the analog sense voltage value into a digital signal, so that the microprocessor 62 can use the processing. If it is a switch sensor, it corresponds to The digital input interface directly reads the potential of the switch, and can be sent to the microprocessor 62 for processing. The sensor 53 of the armrest pad 54 can also be a pressure sensor or a switch sensor for sensing the wheelchair. Whether the user has the intention to press the armrest' to get up and sit. The handbrake sensor 55 is a switch sensor for sensing whether the hand of the wheelchair is locked. The seat cushion 51 and the back pad are obtained. 52. The information of the armrest pad 54 and the handcuffs sensor can be used to calculate the movement of the wheelchair user and the posture of the wheelchair. The 201138748 interface 63 is used to input the user input data into the interface 61, for example, The data processing unit 60 can receive digital or analog data. In addition, the data processing unit 60 can further include a wireless transmission module 64 and a warning module 65. The microprocessor 62 processes the wheelchair. The sensing data of the sensor 53 is converted into information such as the posture and motion of the wheelchair user, and the information is stored in the near end or transmitted to the far base server for further storage through the wireless communication module 64. And analysis. If the sensed wheelchair usage status and movement tendency are detected, there is a high risk of accidents. The warning module 65 will issue a warning through sound, light and vibration to remind the user and the caregiver to pay attention to and deal with it. At the same time, the wireless communication module 64 sends a warning message to the remote server and the caregiver to use the mobile device for further processing and storage. In the present wireless technology, the mobile phone can also be used as an embodiment of the wireless transmission module 64. 11 is a software flow specification in the data processor 60. The dangerous use actions we are concerned with are "sit down unlocked" and "get up unlocked". Many wheelchair users have poor control and reaction ability due to limbs. For wheelchair users of the silver-haired family, the effect of wheelchair-based education is also difficult to achieve, so many wheelchair users are getting up or The next, do not lock the hand brake, rayon slip _ (iv) outside the wire caused the accident. @We use the pressure distribution of the cushion 51 and the back sill 53 or the change of the hip type back porch and the pressure change of the armrest pad 54 to infer whether the wheelchair user has a tendency to sit down, if there is a body up and sitting Under the action tendency, check again _ hand brake status 'whether the left and right side of the handcart are green lock, if the user gets up and sit, the wheelchair's handcuffs are not locked, the warning of the credit processing unit 60 Module 65 will emit a sound, %, and vibration alarm 201138748 no message to remind the wheelchair user to lock the handcart, and at the same time send a warning message through the wireless communication module 64 to notify the caregiver to assist the treatment, thus It can avoid the accident that the user falls because the wheelchair slips out when he gets up. Table 1 shows a corresponding embodiment of the sensing data and corresponding posture of the present invention. Table 1 Wheelchair user status sensing data Unoccupied seat cushion, back pad and armrest pad pressure sensing are all gone. Prepare to sit down the armrests. There is pressure sensing / sitting on the front edge. There is pressure sensing. Sitting posture posture. Pressure Sensing / Back Track with Ping Wei 4 Journal Ready to Get Up Back Pad Lili Sensing Disappear / Cushion Trailing Edge Pressure Sensing Disappear / Armrest Pad Front Edge Pressure Sensing In addition, when the user is in a wheelchair, data processing The unit 6 starts monitoring the pressure distribution of the wheelchair cushion 51 and the back pad 52 and the hip-shaped back profile to determine whether the wheelchair user's riding posture has partial compression, dangerous sitting posture, or other problematic postures. When the dangerous posture is concerned, the warning module 65 of the data processing unit 60 will emit a warning mode such as sound, light, and vibration to remind the wheelchair user to pay attention to the posture, and the (four) message of the wheelchair users who are sensing will pass through The wireless transmission module informs the caregiver to go to the disposal and store it in the care service server for the analysis of the #. Table 2 shows a corresponding embodiment of the sensing data of the present invention and the corresponding bad sitting posture. 201138748 Table 2 Wheelchair user status sensing data local compression (eg left and right tilt) Seat partial pressure sensing too large / back pad partial pressure sensing excessive dangerous sitting posture (such as the risk of slipping) only the front edge of the cushion has pressure sensing / only back The front edge of the pad has a bad pressure sensing posture (for example, the time is too long). The pressure distribution of the seat cushion, back pad and armrest pad caused by other bad sitting postures combines the above two devices' can be constructed with automatic braking device and user attitude detection and warning The wheelchair device can actively use the automatic braking device to prevent the wheelchair from involuntarily sliding before the user is seated properly, and can passively sense the user's posture and movement, and issue warnings for improper wheelchair use. To remind users to improve the way of use, or to remind the caregiver to deal with dangers and accidents, so that the active and passive double safety guarantee can effectively reduce the accident of wheelchair use, which can not be effective in two independent systems. When you are still able to provide backup security, for example, when the user feels The measuring and warning device is disabled, and the automatic vehicle device can still play a role in faithfulness 'avoiding the wheelchair user from falling accidents; on the contrary, if the automatic braking device loses its work, the user's improper posture and usage can still pass the attitude detection. And the warning device ' reminds I of using sound, light and vibration to avoid danger. Figure 12 is a plan for a wheelchair care network system (9) according to the present invention, including the aforementioned wheelchair device 5G, wireless access point 84, servo (4), user interface ^ 12-201138748 == centering wheelchair device 5G will use the wheelchair The posture and danger of the person = 4 = interest '. The wireless access point 84 and the care service provider in the (four) transmission mode are then connected to the device #83. The wireless access point 84 is transferred to the server 81 via the data transmission network for processing. The processing includes statistical analysis of the wheelchair user's Z-position L and the police message, and the results of the analysis are not shown to enable the care provider to improve the provision of care services and strengthen related safety and health education. Implement 'to avoid chronic diseases caused by long-term wheelchair rides, such as pressure sores and limb deformation, and to avoid the damage caused by falling down and down the wheelchair. The care provider can read the information of the system in the server 1 through the user interface 82 (for example, a personal computer) or the mobile device 83, so that the necessary care service can be provided immediately. In the embodiment, the mobile device 83 includes a notebook computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a smart phone or a pager (pa), etc. In fact, the mobile device 83 also belongs to the user interface 82, and is included in the Especially worth mentioning is the handling of emergency warning information. After the wireless transmission module of the wheelchair data processing unit sends out the warning message, in addition to the fixed wireless access point 84 receiving the data, the caregiver uses the action. The device can also receive the warning message in synchronization, so that the caregiver can be notified to the caregiver within the wireless communication range, and the emergency situation can be handled as soon as possible to avoid the data transmission network and the care service server processing the relevant warning message. Delays, so that the caregivers can be given more rigorous services, reduce the risk of danger and disease, and further reduce the risk of harm. The present invention is based on the type of institutional care, the use of wheelchairs -13- 201138748 Designed to design a wheelchair care system, from the automatic brake device of the wheelchair, the wheelchair user's sitting posture sensing Wheelchair user motion sensing, wheelchair data transmission network, wheelchair care server and display devices used by caregivers are necessary to solve the urgent needs of wheelchair-related care services, such as reducing wheelchair accidents. The key problems of reducing the compression and limb deformation caused by sitting in a wheelchair for a long time, and reducing the care load of the caregiver. The technical and technical features of the present invention have been disclosed above, but those skilled in the art may still be based on the present invention. The invention is not limited to the embodiment of the invention, and the scope of the present invention should not be limited by the embodiment, but should include various alternatives and modifications without departing from the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [Brief Description of the Drawings] Figs. 1 to 4 show a schematic structural view of a wheelchair according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figs. 5 to 7 show a schematic diagram of a wheelchair according to another embodiment of the present invention. Figs. 8 and 9 show Schematic diagram 10 of the invention of the wheelchair automatic braking device shows a schematic diagram of the wheelchair device of the present invention; A soft (four) (four) 昼 schematic diagram of the wheelchair device of the present invention; a schematic diagram of the wheelchair care network system of the present invention is shown in Fig. 12. [Signal Description of Main Components] 10 Wheelchair 12 Cable 11 Wheel Shaft 13 Pulling Device 201138748 14 Sitting Hall* 15 Pushing Handrails 16 Manual brakes 17 Cables 18 Turning pulleys 19 Cables 20 Fixed points 21 Strap 22 Mesh fabric 30 Pulley 31 Ring spring 32 Concentric arm 50 Wheelchair device 51 Cushion 52 Back pad 53 Sensor 54 Handrail pad 55 Handcart Sensor 60 data processing unit 61 data conversion interface 62 microprocessor 63 user interface 64 wireless transmission module 65 warning module 80 wheelchair care network system 81 server 82 user interface 83 user mobile device 84 wireless transmission device 40 seat cushion weight sensing mechanism 15-