201128149 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關一種冷凍空調系統，特別是關於一種能夠將製冷系 統中產生之廢熱回收再利用之熱回收式冷凍機組。 【先前技術】 現今製冷系統普遍應用於日常生活中，各式冷凍空調裝置被使用 於各種製冷場合。最常見的不外乎為冷氣機，冰箱，冰櫃等電器設備。 第一圖為習知製冷系統之系統架構示意圖，如圖所示，其含有四 個過程：⑴壓縮機62等熵壓縮；（2)冷凝器64等壓放熱；⑶膨脹閥 68節流；以及(4)蒸發器60中等壓吸熱。冷媒以飽和汽體或過熱汽體 狀態進入壓縮機62，加壓至冷凝壓力，此過程中，冷媒溫度係壓縮至 高於外界媒質溫度。經壓縮後，冷媒為過熱氣體進入冷凝器64，且放 熱至外界’之後’為飽和液體或過冷液態進入膨脹閥68。經由膨脹閥 68膨脹至蒸發溫度，此時過冷媒溫度係下降至製冷空間以下。最後， 冷媒以低乾度的混合物進入蒸發器60，自製冷空間中吸熱蒸發，並再 度進入壓縮機62進行循環。 然而，習知製冷系統僅能進行製冷或製熱，製冷或製熱時冷媒經 φ 由蒸發器6〇所吸收的熱能必需透過冷凝器64放熱移除。而在冷凍空 調領域中，有許多場所往往只需長期製冷或製熱的應用，且大多數為 製冷空間的應用。因此，在長期製冷的應用下，藉由冷凝器64排放之 熱能將成為一種能量的浪費。 有鑑於此，本發明係針對上述該些困擾，提出一熱回收式冷凍機 組，其係為針取需製冷之場所，將原先欲移除之絲回收再利用， 產生所需之暖氣或熱水，以達到能源效率最大化目的。 【發明内容】 本發明之主要目的餘提供_種熱回收式冷絲組，其係利用熱 回收器將壓縮機出口至冷凝器之間產生之廢熱回收，產生可供應暖房 201128149 之暖氣或可供使用之熱水，有效提升能源使用效能。 本發明之另一目的係在提供一種熱回收式冷凍機組，其係以傳統 製冷機組為基體，僅於壓縮機至冷凝器之間加裝熱回收器，實施上極 為簡便，即能夠達到製冷與製熱效果，應用層面極為廣泛。 為達到上述之目的，本發明提出之熱回收式冷凍機組係包括蒸發 器、壓縮機、熱回收器、冷凝器以及膨脹閥。 液汽混合態冷媒進入蒸發器吸收空氣側之熱能蒸發為飽和汽態冷 媒；壓縮機與蒸發器連接，其係將飽和汽態冷媒等熵壓縮為過熱汽態 冷媒；過熱汽態冷媒流入至與壓縮機連接之熱回收器，並經由熱回收 器釋放其熱能，冷凝器係與熱回收器連接，經釋放熱能之過熱汽態冷 媒將流入至冷㈣放齡縣液態冷媒；並錄態冷由與冷凝器 連接之膨脹閥膨脹後，再將流至蒸發器循環。 底下藉由具體實施触合卿的圖式詳加說明，當更料瞭解本 發明之目的、技術内容、特點及其所達成之功效。 【實施方式】 本發明提出-種熱回收式冷;城組，其係為在傳賴冷機組之壓 縮機與冷凝m設至-熱回收n ’崎傳統製冷機組排放之熱能回 收再利用。底下縣雜佳實酬來詳述本發明之技術特徵。 第二圖為本發明第—實施例之系統架構示意圖，如圖所示，液態 之冷媒流練翻^ 1〇，敵流祕紐㉟彳 媒:飽和汽態冷舰至壓_ 12，壓賴12 機，並且機、離心式壓縮機、渦卷式壓縮機或螺旋式壓縮 達係可為交流定頻、交流變頻、DC直_ 透碰賴12絲和賴冷媒麵成為過熱 媒將流至一熱回收器20，熱回收器20由至少 (MaX_方交換15 24組合構成，三通閥22係以混合型 (Maxing)方式4，缺· 24為冷射枝氣之型式，其射由冷凝 201128149 器、風扇與變速馬達組成，或為冷凝器、風扇與交流馬達組成，或者 為冷凝器、風扇與直流馬達所組成；三通閥22係控制過熱汽態冷媒的 導流方向’當需要提供暖氣至暖房空間時，藉由三通閥22導流壓縮機 12輸出之過熱汽態冷媒至熱交換器24，經由熱交換器24釋放過熱汽 態冷媒之熱能至暖房空間，之後，過熱汽態冷媒再將流至冷凝器14散 熱冷凝成為液態冷媒’且在熱交換器24所釋放之熱能不足供應暖房空 間時，可利齡凝ϋ 14散熱時產生之熱能，同時供應於暖房空間；當 不需供暖至暖房空間時’三關22係直接導流職汽態冷媒至冷凝器 14放熱冷凝成為液態冷媒，恢復傳統製冷機組運作，短路熱交換器 籲 24。通過冷娜14冷卻成驗態冷雜至乾燥過_ 16，乾燥過滤 器16將過據液態冷媒中的系統雜質，並且吸收系統中水份。液態冷媒 經過濾後再將流至膨服閥18，膨脹閥18可為手動式膨脹閥、壓力式 膨脹閥、溫度式膨脹閥、響導式膨脹閥、電子式膨脹閥、高壓浮子控 制閥、低壓浮子控制閥或毛細管，液態冷媒將藉由膨脹閥18膨脹，並 將再次流入蒸發器10進行熱循環。 以上為熱回收器20中設置三通閥22控制過熱汽態冷媒流向至熱 交換器24產生暖氣之第一實施例。除了以三通閥22控制導流，係可 以至少一二通閥38取代三通閥22控制過熱汽態冷媒流向，底下將詳 琴盡加以說明。 第二圖為本發明第二實施例之系統架構示意圖，如圖所示，熱回 收器30包含二通閥32、34與熱交換器36，二通閥32、34可為氣動 驅動、電動驅動或電磁驅動，當需要提供暖氣至暖房空間時，藉由導 通二通閥32,關閉二通閥34以導流壓縮機12輸出之過熱汽態冷媒至 熱交換器24;當不需供暖至暖房空間時，經由導通二通閥34,關閉二 通閥32導流過熱汽態冷媒至冷凝器14。透過二通閥32、34之導通切 換導流過熱汽態冷媒，以切換製冷機組與熱回收式機組交互運作。本 發明第二實施例除以二通閥32、34取代三通閥22之外，其它各部之 運作係與第一實施例相同，請參閱第一實施例之說明，在此不再加以 201128149 贅述。 。上述之第一實施例與第二實施例為透過冷媒對空氣型式之熱交換 器24提供暖氣至暖房之說明。本發明亦可以冷媒對水型式之熱交換器 24產生熱水，底下將進一步加以說明。 ” 第四圖與第五圖分別為本發明裝設冷媒對水型式熱交換器之第三 實施例及第四實施例的系統架構示意圖。在第三實施例中，熱回收器 40由三通閥42與冷媒對水型式之熱交換器44組成，此冷媒^水型式 之熱交換器44可為二重管式熱交換器、板式熱交換器、殼管式熱交換 或縛片式熱交換器’且設有—自來水出σ 441與自來水入σ 442;經 由三通閥42導流過熱汽態冷媒至熱交換器44放熱，加熱由自來水入 口 442進入熱交換器44之冷水，加熱後之熱水再由自來水出口 441 排出以供使用。 第四實施例中，熱回收器50由具有二通閥52、54,以及設有自 來水出口 561及自來水入口 562之冷媒對水型式的熱交換器％組成； 經由二通閥52、54相互的導通切換控制過熱汽態冷媒流向，在二通閥 52導通，二通閥54時，過熱汽態冷媒流至熱交換器56，加熱由自來 水入口 562進入熱交換器56之冷水，且由自來水出口 561將熱水排 出。 上述第三實施例與第四實施例除採用冷媒對水型式之熱交換器 44 56外’其它各部架構與第一實施例及第二實施例相肖在此不再 加以贊述。 經由本發明之熱回收式冷凍機組，可將傳統冷藏、冷凍或空調機 組產生之廢熱回收，產生可供使用之暖氣或熱水，達到能源回收再利 用之最佳化目的。並且僅需在傳統機組上加裝熱回收器，即可完成廢 ^回收’實際朗上極為便利。此外，本發明祕架構中之蒸發器1〇 可為櫃式冷泉櫃(展示櫃）、開放式展示櫃、冷束，冷藏展示櫃、島型展 不植，且在蒸發器10側可作多溫度並聯。並且可於冷凝器14上裝設 一組控溫裝置(圖巾未示），以防止過冷凝離況產生。另外，在本發明 201128149 中係以理想之冷凍循環描述冷媒狀態及系統運作，然而實際冷凍循環 之冷媒狀態不拘此限制亦可於本發明實現，系統架構之運作係不將僅 局限於理想之冷媒狀態。 以上所述之實施例僅係為說明本發明之技術思想及特點，其目的 在使熟習此項技藝之人士能夠瞭解本發明之内容並據以實施，當不能 以之限定本發明之專利範圍，即大凡依本發明所揭示之精神所作之均 等變化或修飾，仍應涵蓋在本發明之專利範圍内。 【圖式簡單說明】BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a refrigerating and air-conditioning system, and more particularly to a heat recovery type refrigerating unit capable of recovering waste heat generated in a refrigerating system. [Prior Art] Nowadays, refrigeration systems are widely used in daily life, and various types of refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatuses are used in various refrigeration applications. The most common is nothing more than air conditioners, refrigerators, freezers and other electrical equipment. The first figure is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of a conventional refrigeration system. As shown, it contains four processes: (1) isentropic compression of compressor 62; (2) isothermal compression of condenser 64; (3) throttling of expansion valve 68; (4) The evaporator 60 is moderately pressurized. The refrigerant enters the compressor 62 in a saturated vapor or superheated vapor state and is pressurized to a condensing pressure. During this process, the refrigerant temperature is compressed to be higher than the temperature of the external medium. After compression, the refrigerant enters the condenser 64 as a superheated gas, and is released into the expansion valve 68 as a saturated liquid or a supercooled liquid after being released to the outside. The expansion temperature is expanded to the evaporation temperature via the expansion valve 68, at which time the temperature of the supercooled refrigerant drops below the refrigeration space. Finally, the refrigerant enters the evaporator 60 in a low dryness mixture, absorbs heat from the refrigerating space, and again enters the compressor 62 for circulation. However, the conventional refrigeration system can only perform cooling or heating, and the heat energy absorbed by the refrigerant φ by the evaporator 6 制冷 during cooling or heating must be removed by heat removal from the condenser 64. In the field of chilled air conditioning, there are many places that require long-term cooling or heating applications, and most of them are applications for refrigeration space. Therefore, in the application of long-term refrigeration, the heat energy discharged by the condenser 64 will become a waste of energy. In view of the above, the present invention is directed to the above-mentioned problems, and proposes a heat recovery type refrigeration unit, which is a place for taking and cooling, and recycling and reusing the original wire to be used to generate the required heating or hot water. To achieve the goal of maximizing energy efficiency. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The main object of the present invention is to provide a heat recovery type cold wire group, which utilizes a heat recovery device to recover waste heat generated between a compressor outlet and a condenser, and generates a heating or supply that can be supplied to the greenhouse 201128149. The hot water used effectively improves energy efficiency. Another object of the present invention is to provide a heat recovery type refrigeration unit which is based on a conventional refrigeration unit and only has a heat recovery device between the compressor and the condenser. The implementation is extremely simple, that is, it can achieve refrigeration and The heating effect is extremely extensive at the application level. In order to achieve the above object, the heat recovery type refrigeration unit proposed by the present invention comprises an evaporator, a compressor, a heat recovery unit, a condenser, and an expansion valve. The liquid-vapor mixed refrigerant enters the absorption air side of the evaporator to evaporate into a saturated vapor refrigerant; the compressor is connected to the evaporator, which is isentropically compressed into a superheated vapor refrigerant; the superheated vapor refrigerant flows into and The heat exchanger of the compressor is connected, and the heat energy is released through the heat recovery device. The condenser is connected to the heat recovery device, and the superheated vapor refrigerant released by the heat energy flows into the cold (4) liquid state refrigerant of the county; After the expansion valve connected to the condenser is expanded, it flows to the evaporator. The purpose of the present invention, the technical content, the features and the effects achieved by the present invention will be better understood by the detailed description of the specific embodiment. [Embodiment] The present invention proposes a heat recovery type cold; a city group, which is a heat energy recovery and reuse of a compressor of a cooling unit and a heat recovery of a heat recovery unit. The technical characteristics of the present invention are detailed in the following. The second figure is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the liquid refrigerant flow is turned over and over, and the enemy flow is 35. The medium is saturated with the cold state to the pressure -12. 12 machine, parallel machine, centrifugal compressor, scroll compressor or spiral compression system can be AC fixed frequency, AC frequency conversion, DC straight _ through the touch 12 filament and Lai refrigerant surface becomes superheated medium will flow to one The heat recovery unit 20, the heat recovery unit 20 is composed of at least (MaX_party exchange 15 24 combination, the three-way valve 22 is in the form of a mixing type (Maxing) 4, and the second type is a type of cold-shooting gas, which is condensed by condensation. 201128149 consists of a fan, a fan and a variable speed motor. It is composed of a condenser, a fan and an AC motor, or a condenser, a fan and a DC motor. The three-way valve 22 controls the flow direction of the superheated vapor refrigerant. When heating to the greenhouse space, the superheated vapor refrigerant output from the compressor 12 is guided to the heat exchanger 24 by the three-way valve 22, and the heat energy of the superheated vapor refrigerant is released to the greenhouse space via the heat exchanger 24, and then, the superheated vapor state The refrigerant then flows to the condenser 14 to condense heat. When the heat energy released by the heat exchanger 24 is insufficient to supply the greenhouse space, the heat generated by the heat can be stored in the greenhouse space; when there is no need to heat up to the greenhouse space, the 'three off 22 series Directly directing the vaporized refrigerant to the condenser 14 to condense and become a liquid refrigerant to restore the operation of the traditional refrigeration unit. The short-circuit heat exchanger is called 24. The cooling is cooled by the cold 14 to the dry state. _ 16, the dry filter 16 The system impurities in the liquid refrigerant will be passed and the water in the system will be absorbed. The liquid refrigerant will be filtered and then flow to the expansion valve 18. The expansion valve 18 can be a manual expansion valve, a pressure expansion valve or a temperature expansion valve. The sound guide expansion valve, the electronic expansion valve, the high pressure float control valve, the low pressure float control valve or the capillary tube, the liquid refrigerant will be expanded by the expansion valve 18, and will flow into the evaporator 10 again for thermal circulation. The above is the heat recovery device 20 A first embodiment in which a three-way valve 22 is provided to control the flow of superheated vapor refrigerant to the heat exchanger 24 to generate heating is provided. In addition to controlling the diversion by the three-way valve 22, at least one two-way valve 38 may be provided. The three-way valve 22 controls the flow direction of the superheated vapor refrigerant, and the detailed description of the system will be described below. The second figure is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the heat recovery unit 30 includes a two-way valve 32. 34 and the heat exchanger 36, the two-way valves 32, 34 can be pneumatically driven, electrically driven or electromagnetically driven. When it is required to provide heating to the greenhouse space, the two-way valve 34 is closed by the two-way valve 32 to conduct the compression. The superheated vapor refrigerant outputted by the machine 12 is sent to the heat exchanger 24; when no heating to the greenhouse space is required, the two-way valve 32 is closed to conduct the superheated vapor refrigerant to the condenser 14 through the two-way valve 34. The two-way valve is transmitted through the two-way valve The conduction of 32, 34 switches the superheated vapor refrigerant to switch the refrigeration unit and the heat recovery unit to operate interactively. The second embodiment of the present invention is the same as the first embodiment except that the two-way valves 32 and 34 are used instead of the three-way valve 22. Please refer to the description of the first embodiment, and no further details will be given here. . . The first embodiment and the second embodiment described above are descriptions of supplying the air type heat exchanger 24 to the warm room through the refrigerant. The present invention also allows the refrigerant to generate hot water to the water type heat exchanger 24, as will be further described below. 4th and 5th are respectively a schematic diagram of a system architecture of a third embodiment and a fourth embodiment of a refrigerant-to-water type heat exchanger according to the present invention. In the third embodiment, the heat recovery unit 40 is connected by a tee. The valve 42 is composed of a refrigerant-to-water type heat exchanger 44, which may be a double tube heat exchanger, a plate heat exchanger, a shell and tube heat exchange or a tabbed heat exchange. And is provided with - tap water σ 441 and tap water into σ 442; diverting the superheated vapor refrigerant to the heat exchanger 44 via the three-way valve 42 to dissipate heat, heating the cold water entering the heat exchanger 44 from the tap water inlet 442, and heating The hot water is discharged from the tap water outlet 441 for use. In the fourth embodiment, the heat recovery unit 50 is provided with a two-way valve 52, 54 and a refrigerant-to-water type heat exchanger provided with a tap water outlet 561 and a tap water inlet 562. % composition; The superheated vapor refrigerant flow is controlled by the mutual conduction switching of the two-way valves 52, 54. When the two-way valve 52 is turned on, the two-way valve 54 flows, the superheated vapor refrigerant flows to the heat exchanger 56, and is heated by the tap water inlet 562. Entering heat exchanger 56 The cold water is discharged from the tap water outlet 561. The third embodiment and the fourth embodiment are different from the first embodiment and the second embodiment except that the refrigerant-to-water type heat exchanger 44 56 is used. Xiao will not comment here. Through the heat recovery refrigeration unit of the present invention, the waste heat generated by the conventional refrigeration, refrigeration or air conditioning unit can be recovered to generate heat or hot water for use, and the most energy recovery and reuse. For the purpose of optimization, and only need to add a heat recovery device to the traditional unit, it is very convenient to complete the waste recycling. In addition, the evaporator 1 in the secret structure of the invention can be a cabinet type cold spring cabinet (show Cabinet), open display cabinet, cold beam, refrigerated display cabinet, island type exhibition, and multiple temperatures can be connected in parallel on the evaporator 10 side. A set of temperature control devices can be installed on the condenser 14. Not shown) to prevent over-condensation from occurring. In addition, in the present invention 201128149, the ideal refrigeration cycle is used to describe the state of the refrigerant and the operation of the system, but the state of the refrigerant in the actual refrigeration cycle is not limited thereto. The present invention realizes that the operation of the system architecture is not limited to the ideal refrigerant state. The embodiments described above are merely for explaining the technical idea and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the present invention. The invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and the equivalent variations or modifications made in the spirit of the invention are intended to be included in the scope of the invention. Description]
第一圖為習知製冷系統之系統架構示意圖。 第二圖為本發明第一實施例之系統架構示意圖。 第三圖為本發明第二實施例之系統架構示意圖。 第四圖為本發明第三實施例之系統架構示意圖。 第五圖為本發明第四實施例之系統架構示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 10蒸發器 12壓縮機 14冷凝器 16乾燥過濾器 18膨脹閥 20熱回收器 22三通閥 24熱交換器 30熱回收器 34二通閥 40熱回收器 44熱交換器 441自來水出口 50熱回收器 54二通閥 561自來水出口 32二通閥 36熱交換器 42三通閥 442自來水入口 52二通閥 56熱交換器 562自來水入口 201128149 60蒸發器 62壓縮機 64冷凝器 68膨脹閥The first picture is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the conventional refrigeration system. The second figure is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the first embodiment of the present invention. The third figure is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the second embodiment of the present invention. The fourth figure is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the third embodiment of the present invention. The fifth figure is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the fourth embodiment of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] 10 evaporator 12 compressor 14 condenser 16 drying filter 18 expansion valve 20 heat recovery 22 three-way valve 24 heat exchanger 30 heat recovery unit 34 two-way valve 40 heat recovery unit 44 heat exchanger 441 tap water outlet 50 heat recovery unit 54 two-way valve 561 tap water outlet 32 two-way valve 36 heat exchanger 42 three-way valve 442 tap water inlet 52 two-way valve 56 heat exchanger 562 tap water inlet 201128149 60 evaporator 62 compressor 64 condenser 68 expansion valve