201126062 六、發明說明 【發明所屬技術領域】 本發明係關於風力發電裝置，尤其是關於風力發電裝 置中的發電機的支承構造。 【先前技術】 所謂「直接驅動方式的風力發電裝置」，係以用來傳 遞風車轉子的旋轉之主軸（軸桿）直接旋轉驅動發電機內的 發電機轉子之風力發電裝置。一般的風力發電裝置，因爲 風車轉子的迴轉數係較之電力系統的頻率更慢，所以係使 用加速機。 另一方面，直接驅動方式的風力發電裝置則是不使用 加速機，而是以接合在風車轉子的主軸來直接連接到發電 機，但是在這種方式的風力發電裝置中，發電機有趨於大 型化的傾向。這是因爲風力轉子的迴轉數與電力系統的頻 率並不匹配，因此必須增加發電機內的激磁磁鐵的極數的 緣故。一旦增加了激磁磁鐵的極數的話，發電機轉子的直 徑會變大，發電機也就變大了。此外，隨著近年來的發電 大容量化，發電機的大小也有愈加趨於大型化的傾向。 將用來支承大型化的發電機之機構予以最佳化設計， 就直接驅動方式的風力發電裝置的設計而言，是非常重要 的事項之一。並且在直接驅動方式的風力發電裝置中，一 般係使用兩個機構來當作發電機的支承機構。 第1種係在主軸與定子殼體之間設有軸承，利用該軸 -5- 201126062 承來支承定子殼體。使用這種機構的理由是爲了維持發電 機的定子與轉子之間的間隙之間隔。在直接驅動方式的風 力發電裝置中，主軸將會承受作用於設在前端的風車轉子 的重力、以及作用在其本身的重力，因而發生撓曲現象。 此時，接合在主軸上的發電機轉子也隨著主軸的撓曲而產 生移位現象。即使發電機轉子產生了移位，還想要維持定 子與轉子之間的間隙之間隔的話，只要將定子殼體也利用 主軸來支承的話即可。 另一方面，在於這種利用設在主軸的軸承來支承定子 殼體的方式中，係無法以定子殼體來支承對於主軸朝周方 向作用的轉矩。尤其是當發電機轉子旋轉之後，受到了作 用在發電機轉子與定子之間的吸引力之影響，定子殼體身 上會被加諸了欲促使定子殻體朝主軸的周圍旋轉的轉矩。 只依賴設在主軸上的軸承的話，並無法支承這種轉矩。 因此，爲了要支承這種欲促使定子殼體朝主軸的周圍 旋轉的轉矩，乃設置了將静止的構件（典型例是：設置有 用以支承主軸的軸承之基部）與定子殻體予以連結的機 構。這種機構，在本說明書中係稱爲「轉矩支承具」。亦 即’轉矩支承具係用來支承加諸於定子殼體身上之作用在 主軸的周方向上的轉矩，以資防止定子殼體旋轉的機構。 關於：利用設在主軸的軸承與轉矩支承具來支承發電 機的構造係揭示於例如：專利文獻1(EP1 32 7073 B1號公 報）、專利文獻2 (EP20 1 49 1 7 A1號公報）。第10圖係顯示 出專利文獻1所揭示的風力發電裝置的構造之俯視圖。在 -6- 201126062 第10圖所揭示的構造中，係在定子219的表面設有：臂 部22 6、樑227以及阻尼元件22 8，樑227係被安裝於基 部204。這種機構的功能係當作：轉矩支承具，用來支承 欲促使定子219朝主軸的周圍旋轉的轉矩。此外，在主軸 218上係設有軸承216、217，亦可利用這些軸承來支承定 子 219。 另一方面，專利文獻2所揭示的風力發電裝置中，係 利用設在基板板材上的第1'第2軸承來支承主軸。定子 殻體係由：設在轉子的周圍之第1端板與第2端板以及殻 體元件所構成的。第1端板係被設在主軸上的第3軸承所 支承著。第2端板係利用一可變形之非旋轉型耦合器 (non-rotatable coupling)而被安裝在軸承外殼。這種非旋 轉型耦合器的功能係作爲轉矩支承具，來支承欲促使定子 殻體朝主軸的周圍旋轉的轉矩。 本發明的發明人曾經針對於發電機的支承機構不斷地 加以檢討之後’根據本發明人所獲得的創見得知：在設計 轉矩支承具時的重要事項之一 ’係在於減少作用在定子殼 體上的彎曲力矩（亦即’促使定子殼體朝表面外方撓曲的 力量）。若有彎曲力矩作用於定子殼體使得定子殼體產生 變形的話，定子與轉子之間的間隙就無法保持均勻一致 了。如此一來’將會導致發電機的振動加大、發電機性能 惡化’因此並不是好現象。尤其是如果轉矩支承具的構造 不恰當的話’將會有很大的彎曲力矩作用到定子殼體身 上’因此並不是好現象。例如：在第1 0圖所示的構造 201126062 中’因爲在定子219的表面係接合著臂部226，所以彎曲 力矩將會作用在定子殼體身上，因此並不是好現象。特別 是當發電機趨於大輸出化的情況下，作用在定子殼體上之 朝周方向的轉矩增大，彎曲力矩也隨著增大，因此彎曲力 矩的問題更爲嚴重。 爲了要對付彎曲力矩的問題，係可考慮藉由提高定子 殼體的剛性來對抗彎曲力矩的增大。然而，這種對應方 式，將導致定子殼體的重量增大，並非良策。至於對付彎 曲力矩的問題之其他的對策，也有人考慮採用：儘可能在 外側來支承定子殼體的方法。例如：在第1 〇圖所揭示的 構造中，係在定子219的外周附近，設有腕部2M和樑 227，利用這些來支承定子219。但是，將腕部226和樑 227延長到定子2 1 9的外周附近的作法，將會導致腕部 226以及樑22 7的大型化、以及重量的增大，因此並非良 策。 [先行技術文獻] [專利文獻 UEP 1 327073B1號公報（日本特表20〇4-5 1 1 7 2 3號公報） [專利文獻2]EP20 1 49 1 7A1號公報（日本特開2009-19625號公報） 【發明內容】 因此，本發明之目的係在於提供：在風力發電裝置 中，既可將支承發電機的定子殼體的構造體予以小型化， -8 - 201126062 又可減少作用在定子殻體身上的彎曲力矩之支承構造。 本發明的風力發電裝置係具備：具有定子、和用以收 容發電機轉子及定子的定子殻體之發電機；一端連結於風 車轉子，另一端連結於發電機轉子的主軸；將主軸支承成 可旋轉的第1軸承；設在主軸上之以可讓主軸與定子殼體 作相對旋轉的方式來支承定子殼體之第2軸承；安裝著第 1軸承的基部；具有用來連結基部與定子殻體的正面板材 之連結構件的轉矩支承具；當主軸之周方向的轉矩作用在 定子殼體時，作用在連結構件與正面板材之間的力量的荷 重中心係落在：從正面板材的表面起迄背面爲止的範圍 內。 依據本發明，係將轉矩支承具製作成：可使得作用在 連結構件與正面板材之間的力量的荷重中心落在從正面板 材的表面起迄背面爲止的範圍內，因此得以抑制作用在定 子殼體的正面板材的彎曲力矩。因此，可以將定子殼體的 強度設定成較低。 如果轉矩支承具又具有：設在定子殻體上之可供連結 構件插入的插入部的情況下，插入部係以其一部分位在定 子殼體的內部之方式設在·定子殼體爲宜。根據本發明的一 種實施方式，係以插入部之被連結構件所插入的部分的一 半長度的位置剛好落在設有插入部的殼體的表面起迄背面 爲止的範圍內的方式，將插入部插入到殼體。 在前述的風力發電裝置中，亦可將插入部與殼體形成 不同的個體之後，再安裝到殼體上。這種情況係可藉由改 -9- 201126062 變插入部的尺寸來對應不同大小的殼體。此外，殼體的加 工也更爲容易。 在前述的風力發電裝置中，連結構件的斷面也可以是 矩形。這種情況下，該連結構件的加工和安裝比較容易。 並且藉由改變連結構件的厚度、寬度即可更準確地支承作 用在發電機的荷重。 在前述的風力發電裝置中，亦可將基部的一部分形成 連結構件。這種情況下，連結構件係形成基部的一部分， 所以可減少零件數目以及組裝誤差。 在前述的風力發電裝置中，亦可採用讓插入部與設有 插入部的殼體的面的中心大致位於一直線上的方式，在殻 體上設置至少兩個插入部。這種情況下，係可將荷重於以 均等地支承，而且可減輕加諸在單一處轉矩支承具的荷 重。 前述的風力發電裝置亦可具有：設在殼體的表面的棧 板’且該棧板係以與插入部及設有插入部的殼體的面的中 心所連結的線大致正交的方式，朝插入部的上下兩方向設 置。依據這種構造，可更進一步利用設在殼體的表面上的 棧板來提高殻體的剛性，而可提昇對抗彎曲力矩的耐力。 根據本發明的一種實施方式，定子殼體的正面板材係 製作成：在中央部設有凹部’並且形成有從凹部的外緣朝 向主軸的半徑方向內側突出的突出部。此外，在基部上係 接合著用來收容第1軸承的軸承座。軸承座的—部分被收 容在凹部’並且突出部係嵌入到設在軸承座上的溝內，藉 201126062 此將定子殼體與軸承座連結在一起’以這種方式，轉矩支 承具係由突出部與軸承座所構成的。 依據本發明，係可減少在風力發電裝置中作用在發電 機的殻體身上的彎曲力矩。 【實施方式】 茲佐以圖面來說明本發明的風力發電裝置的實施方式 如下。 第1圖係顯示本發明的一種實施方式的風力發電裝置 30的結構之示意圖。主軸5的一端係連接於風車轉子（未 圖示），另一端係連接於發電機1。在基部3的上面係設 有兩個軸承座4-1、4-2，主軸5係被設在該軸承座4-1、 4-2的軸承（第1圖中未圖示）所支承而可以旋轉。此處， 基部3的上面係至少具有一平面部31。兩個軸承座4-1、 4-2係以和主軸5的中心軸5 1以及平面部3 1保持平行的 方式，安裝在基部3的上面。 第2圖係顯示發電機1與主軸5的連接構造之斷面 圖。如第2圖所示，在軸承座4-1 ' 4-2的開口內部係設 有軸承7-1、7-2，主軸5係可旋轉地被支承於軸承7-1、 7-2。主軸5係由：連接到風車轉子的軸基體部5a、和供 軸基體部5a插入的內筒5b所構成，發電機轉子16係接 合在該內筒5b。發電機轉子16係具備由：板材或棒材所 構成的轉子板15，在外周部安裝著激磁磁鐵14。在激磁 磁鐵1 4的外側，與激磁磁鐵1 4隔開一定的間隔的定子f -11 - 201126062 13係被安裝在定子殼體11的內壁上。激磁磁鐵14爲了 要發電，必須具有某些程度的寬度，但是用來支承激磁磁 鐵14且需進行旋轉的轉子板15則是爲了減輕重量，其靠 近主軸5這一側的中央部分係形成細腰狀。詳細地說，在 第2圖所示的構造中’轉子板15係具備：從背後支承激 磁磁鐵14的背板15a、將背板15a連結到內筒5b的連結 板15b、以及用來強化背板15a與連結板15b的接合之肋 板15c。肋板ISC的形狀是愈接近於內筒5b的地方，其 在主軸5的軸方向上的寬度愈小。 在內筒5b上又設有發電機軸承8-1、8-2，藉由這些 發電機軸承8-1、8-2來支承定子殼體11。如上所述，藉 由設在主軸5上的發電機軸承8-1、8-2來支承定子殻體 Π的作法’係爲了要將發電機轉子16的激磁磁鐵14與 定子13之間隔保持一定之很重要的作法。 此處，只根據設在主軸5上的發電機軸承8-1、8-2 係無法支承作用在定子殻體11身上之主軸5的周方向之 轉矩的理由’在先前已經說明過了。因此，如第1圖所示 般地’在本實施方式中，轉矩支承具2係在基部3之靠發 電機1側之隔介著中心軸51的左右兩端部的平面部31上 各安裝著一座轉矩支承具2，利用這種轉矩支承具2來支 承作用在定子殼體11上之朝主軸5的周方向的轉矩。 如下所述’本實施方式的風力發電裝置的特徵之一， 係在於：轉矩支承具2與定子殻體11的連接構造。以下 將詳細說明轉矩支承具2與定子殼體11的連接構造。 -12- 201126062 第3圖A、第3圖B係顯示轉矩支承具2的構造之斷 面圖。轉矩支承具2係具備：插銷21和兩個托架23和插 入部22。在轉矩支承具2中’托架23係在平面部31上 的靠發電機1側的右端部，與主軸5的中心軸51保持平 行地並列安裝兩個托架23。插銷21係用來連結插入部22 與托架23的連結構件。插銷2〗係以從基部3朝向發電機 1且與主軸5的中心軸5 1保持平行的方式，其—端係插 入到托架23內且加以固定，其另一端則是插入到插入部 22內加以安裝。插入部22係被設置成：其—部分係插入 到發電機1的定子殻體11的正面板材12內。如後所述， 這種作法係轉矩支承具2爲了要減少作用在定子殼體j j 身上的彎曲力矩之重要的作法。 插入部22係具備：軸襯外殻25以及設在該軸襯外殼 25內的防振橡膠26。防振橡膠26係具有可供插銷21插 入的構造，係由彈性體所構成，具有可吸收作用到插銷 21的轉矩反作用力之緩衝構件的功能。軸襯外殻25的其 中一部分係從定子殼體11的正面板材12插入到其內部》 插入部22的位置係會影響到：所必須的基部3的大 小 '轉矩支承具2所能夠支承的轉矩的大小之設計參數之 一。插入部22係設置在：從定子殼體11的正面板材12 的中心起算，在半徑方向上之從1/2半徑起迄3/4半徑爲 止的距離的位置爲宜。這是因爲如果將插入部22的位置 太過於接近定子殼體11的外周附近的話，基部3就必須 加大，並且會與發電機1的定子13或激磁磁鐵14的位置 -13- 201126062 互相衝突，因而導致難以安裝的緣故。如上所述，在本實 施方式中，轉子板15之靠近主軸5這一側的中央部分係 形成細腰狀，因此只要將插入部22設在定子殼體11的正 面板材12之從中心起算朝半徑方向上之1/2半徑起迄3/4 半徑爲止的距離的位置的話，即使將插入部22從定子殼 體11的基部3側的正面板材12插入到內部，也不會與定 子13、激磁磁鐵14、轉子板15發生衝突。另一方面，如 果太過於接近定子殻體11的中心的話，則又將無法支承 作用在定子殼體11身上的轉矩。此外，插入部22係以將 左右兩處的插入部22與圓形的正面板材12的中心（未圖 示）位於一直線上的方式，設置在正面板材12上爲宜。 在本實施方式中，轉矩支承具2與定子殼體11的接 合構造係被設計成：轉矩支承具2可將作用到定子殼體 11的正面板材12的作用力的荷重中心落在正面板材12 的厚度D的範圍內（亦即，落在表面與背面之間的範圍 內）。更具體地說’插入部22係被設在：從定子殼體11 的正面板材12插入到內部的這種位置上，而且藉由將插 銷21插入到插入部22內的深度予以適切地調整，可調整 成讓荷重中心落在正面板材12的厚度D的範圍內。關於 這種構造的好處，將一面比較第4圖A的比較例與第4 圖B的本實施方式，一面進行說明如下。 第4圖A係顯示將前述的插入部設在正面板材的表 面的情況下的轉矩支承具2與定子殼體的接合構造的示意 圖。亦即，如第4圖A所示般地，係針對於轉矩支承具 -14- 201126062 係具有：插銷121與插入部122，插銷121的一端係插入 在插入部122，插入部122設在定子殼體111的正面板材 112上的情況來考慮。此處，係與本實施方式的插入部22 同樣地’插入部122係具有：軸襯外殼125、以及設在該 軸襯外殼125內的防振橡膠126» 這種情況下，發電機轉子（未圖示）旋轉的話，就會對 於定子殻體111加諸朝向主軸（未圖示）的周方向的轉矩。 對應於這個轉矩的力量在第4圖A中係作爲力量F1來標 示出來。當朝向周方向的轉矩加諸在定子殻體111時，利 用插銷121來對抗該轉矩的力量將會被賦予到插入部122 而得以防止定子殼體1 1 1旋轉。此時，從插銷1 2 1之插入 到插入部122內的部分會將荷重τΐ施加給插入部122。 這種荷重r 1的合計的荷重大小，係可視爲：一個總荷重 T1作用在荷重rl所加諸的領域的中央附近。利用力量 F1與荷重T1在主軸的周方向上互相抵消而能夠防止定子 殼體111朝周方向旋轉。 然而，此時卻因爲插入部122係從定子殻體ill的正 面板材112突出來，因此荷重T1所作用的位置，亦即， 荷重中心係落在定子殼體Π1的厚度範圍之外，因此將會 變成由荷重T1所造成的彎曲力矩Ml會作用在定子殻體 111身上。並且其結果是：因爲定子殼體111承受到彎曲 力矩Ml因而發生扭曲、撓曲之類的朝表面外方的變形。 其結果將導致發電機轉子與定子之間的間隙趨於不均勻而 發生新的振動。如此一來，有可能讓發電機難以達成穩定 -15- 201126062 地運轉。 另一方面，本實施方式則是如第4圖B所示的方式， 轉矩支承具2與定子殼體111的連接構造係被設計成：讓 插銷21將荷重τι作用於定子殻體11的位置，亦即，荷 重中心係剛好落在定子殼體1 1的厚度D的範圍內（亦即， 表面與背面之間的範圍內），藉此，可以減少作用到定子 殼體11身上的彎曲力矩。詳細地說，本實施方式也是與 比較例同樣地，一旦主軸5旋轉的話，就會有朝周方向的 轉矩作用到定子殼體1 1身上，但是利用插銷2 1將對抗該 轉矩的力量賦予到插入部22以防止定子殼體11旋轉。在 第4圖B中，與朝周方向作用到定子殼體11的轉矩相對 應的力量係以力量F2來標示。此時，將會有荷重r2作 用在插銷21與插入部22之間。這種荷重r2的合計大小 係可視爲：一個總荷重T2作用到荷重r 2所施加的領域 的中央附近。利用力量F2與荷重T2在主軸5的周方向上 的互相抵消，得以防止定子殼體11朝周方向旋轉。 此時，在本實施方式中，係藉由讓插入部22的一部 分從定子殼體11的正面板材12插入到其內部，而將荷重 T2所作用的位置，亦即，將荷重中心的位置調整爲落在 定子殻體11的厚度範圍之內。依據這種構造，就不會有 因荷重T2所導致的彎曲力矩作用在定子殻體11身上了。 因此，依據本實施方式的轉矩支承具2的構造，係可減少 作用於定子殼體11的面內力矩。 荷重T2所作用的位置’亦即，荷重中心的位置係可 -16- 201126062 依據插銷21插入到插入部22的深度來調整。亦即，插銷 21之插入到插入部22的深度係以：當朝主軸5的周方向 的轉矩作用在定子殼體11時之在插銷21與插入部22之 間作用的力量的荷重中心剛好落在定子殼體11的厚度D 範圍內（亦即，表面與背面之間的範圍內）的方式來進行調 整的。根據本發明的一種實施方式，係如第3圖B所示般 地’插入部22插入到殼體11的內部的深度位置，係以插 入部22之被插銷21所插入的部分的長度L的一半長度的 位置A剛好落在定子殼體11的厚度D的範圍內爲佳。位 置A愈接近於定子殼體1 1的厚度D的中心線1 7愈佳， 理想狀態是位置A係與中心線1 7略呈一致。 是以，依據本實施方式的轉矩支承具2與定子殼體 1 1的連接構造，可使得荷重T2所作用的位置，亦即，荷 重中心落在定子殼體1 1的厚度的內側位置。如此一來， 即可抑制作用在定子殼體11身上的彎曲力矩。 能夠抑制作用在定子殼體11身上的彎曲力矩的這件 事，對於基部3的小型化也很有用。如果無法減少作用在 定子殻體11身上的彎曲力矩的情況下，就必須將支承定 子殼體1 1的位置靠近到定子殼體1 1的外側。這種做法將 會導致基部3、或者接合於基部3之用以支承定子殼體11 的構造構件的大型化，並非良策。另一方面，依據本實施 方式，因爲可以抑制作用在定子殼體11身上的彎曲力 矩，所以能夠將設置插入部22的位置予以接近定子殼體 11的正面板材12的中心。這種做法對於基部3的小型化 [ -17- 201126062 很有用。 此外，本發明並不侷限於前述的實施方式，只要是在 本發明的技術思想的範圍內，當然都可以將實施方式予以 適宜地變形或變更。例如：本發明係採用以下所示的各種 變形實施方式。 第5圖係顯示本發明的其他實施方式中的轉矩支承具 2的插入部22的結構之示意圖。亦可採用如第5圖所示 般地，插入部22的軸襯外殼27與定子殼體11係分別由 不同個體所構成，使用螺栓（未圖示）之類的締結具，在於 至少有一部分插入在定子殻體11內的狀態下進行安裝。 軸襯外殼27與定子殻體11分別由不同個體所構成的作 法’係可在製作上更容易，而且只要改變軸襯外殼27的 形狀，就可對應各種形狀的插銷，在這方面是比較有利 的。 第6圖A、第6圖B係顯示本發明的另一種其他實施 方式中的轉矩支承具2A的結構之示意圖。轉矩支承具2A 係具備：插銷24 '軸襯外殼28以及防振橡膠29。插銷 24係呈矩形長鍵的形狀，插銷24的一端係利用例如螺栓 (未圖示）等締結具而被安裝在基部3之靠發電機1側的左 右兩端部。插銷24的另一端係安裝著防振橡膠29，並且 插入到軸襯外殼28內。軸襯外殼28係從定子殻體1 1之 靠基部3側的正面板材12起，以軸襯外殻28的一部分插 入到定子殼體11內部的方式被安裝在定子殼體Μ上。此 時，亦可採用如第6圖A所示般地，在插銷24的四周都 -18- 201126062 安裝上防振橡膠29’或者只有在插銷24的上面與下面安 裝上防振橡膠29。 第7圖係顯示本發明的另一種其他實施方式中的轉矩 支承具2B的結構之示意圖。在轉矩支承具2B中，插銷 33與基部3a係構成一體化，基部3a之靠發電機1的這 一側的左右兩端部係當成插銷33朝發電機1的方向突 出。基部3a的插銷33的端部係插入到軸襯外殼28內。 軸襯外殼28係安裝在定子殼體n的基部3a側的正面板 材1 2上。此時，係與其他的實施例同樣地，在插銷3 3的 端部上安裝防振橡膠（未圖示），軸襯外殼28係被安裝成 至少有一部分插入在定子殻體11內。這種構造因爲是將 基部3a與轉矩支承具2B的插銷33製作成一體化，因此 可減少零件數量以及組裝誤差。 此處，軸襯外殼28係以左右兩處的軸襯外殼28與正 面板材12的中心（未圖示）位於一直線上的方式，設在正 面板材12上爲佳。因此，係可在基部3a的上面（未圖示） 開設溝部或凹部，將主軸（未圖示）收容於該處，將供基部 3a的一部分也就是插銷33插入的左右兩處的軸襯外殼28 位於與正面板材12的中心（未圖示）同一直線上的方式， 插入到正面板材12內來設置。 第8圖A、第8圖B係顯示本發明的另一種其他實施 方式中的轉矩支承具的結構之示意圖。如第8圖A所示 般地’在發電機1之定子殼體11的基部3側的正面板材 12上，設有兩處插入部62。 m -19- 201126062 此處’插入部62係與其他種插入部的情況同樣地， 係設置成：讓左右兩處的插入部62與正面板材12的中心 68落在與直線63爲同—直線上爲佳。又，插入部62的 位置係以設在從正面板材1 2的中心6 8起算朝水平方向相 距大約1 /2半徑的距離的位置爲佳》 在正面板材12的表面上係設有棧板61。棧板61係 以與左右兩處插入部62與正面板材12的中心（未圖示）所 連結的直線63大致正交的方式，安裝在插入部62的上下 兩方向上。棧板61的長度係至發電機1的側面爲止的長 度的一半，亦即，相當於棧板61的安裝位置處的弦長的 一半長度，形狀係以在正面板材12的中心附近（與插入部 62相結合這一側）的高度較高，朝外周逐漸降低高度的形 狀爲佳。 如第8圖B所示般地，這個插入部62係可採用：上 述的軸襯外殼64以及防振橡膠65。又，插入到插入部62 的插銷66係可採用上述的插銷、基部的一部分等等。插 入部62係被設置成：只少有其中一部分係從定子殼體11 之基部3側的正面板材12插入到定子殼體11的內部。此 時，插入部62之供轉矩支承具的插銷插入的部分之長度 反的―半長度的位置B剛好落在正面板材12的構件厚度 D的範圍內的方式’來設定插入部62的插入深度爲佳。 此處，位置B係以愈接近正面板材12的構件厚度D 的中心線1 7爲佳’理想狀態係以位置B與中心線1 7大致 一致爲佳。其理由是如前所述般地，因爲可將發電機1所 -20- 201126062 產生且加諸到轉矩支承具的插銷上的轉矩傳遞到正面板材 1 2內的緣故。 是以，藉由在正面板材12上設置可從上下來支承插 入部62的棧板61，可提高定子殼體11的剛性。如此一 來，可提昇對抗彎曲力矩的耐力。 第9圖A、第9圖B係顯示本發明的另一種其他實施 方式中的轉矩支承具與定子殼體的連接構造之圖。第9圖 A係顯示轉矩支承具與定子殻體的連接構造之俯視圖、第 9圖B係從上方來觀看該連接構造時的斷面圖。 第9圖A、第9圖B所示的構造，係在定子殼體11 的正面板材12形成凹部，將軸承座4-2的一部分收容到 這個凹部。詳細地說，正面板材12係由：外周部板材 12a與中心部板材12b所構成。外周部板材12a係接合在 中心部板材1 2b的外緣部。中心部板材1 2b的形狀是其中 心部分較之外緣部更爲內凹的形狀。 此外，外周部板材12a的一部分係從與中心部板材 12b的接合位置朝向半徑方向內側突出，將這個突出部分 (突出部12c)嵌入到設於軸承座4-2的溝部19內’藉此來 支承定子殼體11。亦即，在本實施方式中，轉矩支承具 係由：軸承座4-2與定子殼體11的正面板材12的突出部 12c所構成的。詳細地說，在第9圖A所示的軸承座4-2 係形成有溝部19、以及橫斷該溝部19而朝主軸5的軸方 向貫通的開口 20。另一方面，在外周部板材12a的突出 部1 2c上則是形成開口 1 2d。係以外周部板材1 2a的突出BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wind power generator, and more particularly to a support structure of a generator in a wind power generator. [Prior Art] The "direct drive type wind power generator" is a wind power generator that directly rotates a generator rotor in a generator by a main shaft (shaft) for transmitting a rotation of a wind turbine rotor. In a general wind power generation device, since the number of revolutions of the windmill rotor is slower than the frequency of the power system, an accelerator is used. On the other hand, the direct drive type wind power generation device does not use an accelerator, but is directly connected to the generator by a main shaft that is coupled to the wind turbine rotor. However, in the wind power generation device of this type, the generator tends to The tendency to increase in size. This is because the number of revolutions of the wind rotor does not match the frequency of the power system, so it is necessary to increase the number of poles of the field magnet in the generator. Once the number of poles of the field magnet is increased, the diameter of the generator rotor becomes larger and the generator becomes larger. In addition, with the increase in power generation capacity in recent years, the size of generators has become more and more large. Optimizing the mechanism for supporting a large-scale generator is one of the most important issues in the design of a direct-drive wind power generator. Also, in the direct drive type wind power generator, two mechanisms are generally used as the support mechanism of the generator. The first type is provided with a bearing between the main shaft and the stator housing, and the stator housing is supported by the shaft -5-201126062. The reason for using such a mechanism is to maintain the gap between the stator and the rotor of the generator. In a direct drive type wind power generator, the main shaft will withstand the gravity acting on the wind turbine rotor provided at the front end and the gravity acting on itself, thereby causing deflection. At this time, the rotor of the generator coupled to the main shaft also shifts with the deflection of the main shaft. Even if the generator rotor is displaced and it is desired to maintain the gap between the stator and the rotor, the stator housing can be supported by the main shaft. On the other hand, in such a manner that the stator case is supported by a bearing provided on the main shaft, the torque acting on the main shaft in the circumferential direction cannot be supported by the stator case. Especially after the rotor of the generator is rotated, it is affected by the attractive force between the rotor and the stator of the generator, and the stator housing is biased with a torque to cause the stator casing to rotate around the circumference of the main shaft. This torque cannot be supported only by the bearings placed on the main shaft. Therefore, in order to support such a torque for causing the stator casing to rotate toward the periphery of the main shaft, it is provided that a stationary member (typically, a base portion of a bearing provided to support the main shaft) is coupled to the stator housing. mechanism. Such a mechanism is referred to as a "torque support" in this specification. That is, the 'torque support' is a mechanism for supporting the torque applied to the stator housing in the circumferential direction of the main shaft to prevent the stator housing from rotating. For example, the structure of the generator is supported by a bearing and a torque support provided on the main shaft, and is disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 1 (EP1 32 7073 B1) and Patent Document 2 (EP20 1 49 17 A1). Fig. 10 is a plan view showing the structure of a wind power generator disclosed in Patent Document 1. In the configuration disclosed in Fig. 10 of the -6-201126062, the surface of the stator 219 is provided with an arm portion 22, a beam 227, and a damping member 228, and the beam 227 is attached to the base portion 204. The function of this mechanism is taken as a torque support for supporting the torque that is intended to cause the stator 219 to rotate around the circumference of the main shaft. Further, bearings 216, 217 are attached to the main shaft 218, and these bearings can also be used to support the stator 219. On the other hand, in the wind power generator disclosed in Patent Document 2, the main shaft is supported by the first 'second bearing' provided on the substrate sheet. The stator case is composed of a first end plate, a second end plate, and a shell member provided around the rotor. The first end plate is supported by a third bearing provided on the main shaft. The second end plate is mounted to the bearing housing using a deformable non-rotatable coupling. This non-rotating transformation coupler functions as a torque support to support the torque that is intended to cause the stator housing to rotate about the circumference of the main shaft. The inventors of the present invention have continually reviewed the support mechanism of the generator. 'According to the insights obtained by the inventors, one of the important matters in designing the torque support is to reduce the effect on the stator casing. The bending moment on the body (that is, the force that causes the stator housing to flex toward the outside of the surface). If a bending moment acts on the stator housing to deform the stator housing, the gap between the stator and the rotor cannot be kept uniform. As a result, the vibration of the generator will increase and the performance of the generator will deteriorate. This is not a good phenomenon. In particular, if the construction of the torque support is not appropriate, a large bending moment will be applied to the stator housing body, which is not a good phenomenon. For example, in the structure 201126062 shown in Fig. 10, since the arm portion 226 is joined to the surface of the stator 219, the bending moment acts on the stator casing, which is not a good phenomenon. In particular, when the generator tends to be large in output, the torque in the circumferential direction acting on the stator case increases, and the bending moment also increases, so that the problem of the bending moment is more serious. In order to cope with the problem of the bending moment, it is considered to counter the increase of the bending moment by increasing the rigidity of the stator case. However, this corresponding method will result in an increase in the weight of the stator housing, which is not a good strategy. As for other countermeasures against the problem of the bending moment, it has been considered to adopt a method of supporting the stator case as much as possible on the outside. For example, in the structure disclosed in Fig. 1, a wrist portion 2M and a beam 227 are provided near the outer circumference of the stator 219, and the stator 219 is supported by these. However, extending the wrist portion 226 and the beam 227 to the vicinity of the outer circumference of the stator 2 19 will cause an increase in the size and weight of the wrist portion 226 and the beam 22 7 , which is not a good idea. [Patent Document No. 1 pp. 327 073 B1 (Japanese Patent Publication No. 20 〇 4-5 1 1 7 2 3) [Patent Document 2] EP20 1 49 1 7A1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2009-19625) SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a structure for supporting a stator housing supporting a generator in a wind power generator, and -8 - 201126062 can be reduced in the stator casing. The support structure of the bending moment on the body. A wind power generator according to the present invention includes: a stator having a stator and a stator case for accommodating a generator rotor and a stator; one end connected to the wind turbine rotor and the other end coupled to a main shaft of the generator rotor; and the main shaft being supported by the main shaft a first bearing that rotates; a second bearing that is disposed on the main shaft to support relative rotation of the main shaft and the stator housing; a base portion on which the first bearing is mounted; and a base for coupling the base and the stator housing The torque support of the connecting member of the front plate of the body; when the torque in the circumferential direction of the main shaft acts on the stator case, the center of the load acting on the force between the connecting member and the front plate falls: from the front plate The surface is in the range from the back to the back. According to the present invention, the torque support is formed such that the center of the load acting on the force between the joint member and the front plate falls within the range from the surface of the front plate to the back surface, thereby suppressing the action on the stator. The bending moment of the front panel of the housing. Therefore, the strength of the stator case can be set to be low. If the torque support has the insertion portion of the stator housing that can be inserted into the stator housing, the insertion portion is preferably disposed in the stator housing in such a manner that a part thereof is located inside the stator housing. . According to an embodiment of the present invention, the insertion portion is inserted in such a manner that the half length of the portion into which the joined member of the insertion portion is inserted falls within the range from the surface of the housing in which the insertion portion is provided from the front to the back. Insert into the housing. In the above-described wind power generator, the insertion portion and the casing may be formed in different individuals and then attached to the casing. In this case, the housings of different sizes can be correspondingly changed by changing the size of the insertion portion of the -9-201126062. In addition, the processing of the housing is also easier. In the above-described wind power generator, the cross section of the connecting member may be rectangular. In this case, the joining member is easily processed and installed. Further, the load applied to the generator can be more accurately supported by changing the thickness and width of the joint member. In the above-described wind power generator, a part of the base may be formed as a connecting member. In this case, since the connecting member forms a part of the base, the number of parts and the assembly error can be reduced. In the above-described wind power generator, at least two insertion portions may be provided in the casing so that the center of the surface of the insertion portion and the surface of the casing in which the insertion portion is provided may be substantially in a straight line. In this case, the load can be equally supported, and the load applied to the torque support at a single point can be alleviated. The wind power generator described above may have a pallet set on the surface of the casing, and the pallet is substantially orthogonal to a line connecting the center of the insertion portion and the surface of the casing in which the insertion portion is provided. Set in the upper and lower directions of the insertion portion. According to this configuration, the pallet provided on the surface of the casing can be further utilized to increase the rigidity of the casing, and the endurance against the bending moment can be improved. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the front plate of the stator case is formed such that a concave portion is provided at the center portion, and a protruding portion that protrudes inward in the radial direction from the outer edge of the concave portion toward the main axis is formed. Further, a bearing housing for accommodating the first bearing is joined to the base. The part of the bearing housing is housed in the recess and the protrusion is embedded in the groove provided in the bearing housing. The stator housing and the bearing housing are coupled together by 201126062. In this way, the torque bearing is The protrusion and the bearing seat are formed. According to the present invention, the bending moment acting on the casing of the generator in the wind power generator can be reduced. [Embodiment] An embodiment of a wind power generator according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the configuration of a wind power generator 30 according to an embodiment of the present invention. One end of the main shaft 5 is connected to a wind turbine rotor (not shown), and the other end is connected to the generator 1. Two bearing seats 4-1 and 4-2 are provided on the upper surface of the base 3, and the main shaft 5 is supported by bearings (not shown in the first drawing) provided in the bearing housings 4-1 and 4-2. Can be rotated. Here, the upper surface of the base 3 has at least one flat portion 31. The two bearing blocks 4-1, 4-2 are attached to the upper surface of the base portion 3 so as to be parallel to the central axis 5 1 of the main shaft 5 and the flat portion 31. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the connection structure of the generator 1 and the main shaft 5. As shown in Fig. 2, bearings 7-1 and 7-2 are provided inside the opening of the bearing housing 4-1 ' 4-2, and the spindle 5 is rotatably supported by the bearings 7-1 and 7-2. The main shaft 5 is composed of a shaft base portion 5a connected to the windmill rotor and an inner cylinder 5b into which the shaft base portion 5a is inserted, and the generator rotor 16 is coupled to the inner cylinder 5b. The generator rotor 16 includes a rotor plate 15 made of a plate material or a bar, and a field magnet 14 is attached to the outer peripheral portion. On the outer side of the field magnet 14 , a stator f -11 - 201126062 13 spaced apart from the field magnet 14 by a certain distance is attached to the inner wall of the stator case 11. The field magnet 14 must have a certain width in order to generate electricity, but the rotor plate 15 for supporting the field magnet 14 and rotating is for weight reduction, and the center portion of the side close to the main shaft 5 is formed into a thin waist. shape. Specifically, in the structure shown in Fig. 2, the rotor plate 15 includes a back plate 15a that supports the field magnet 14 from the back, a connecting plate 15b that connects the back plate 15a to the inner tube 5b, and a reinforcing back. The rib 15c of the plate 15a and the joining plate 15b are joined. The shape of the rib ISC is closer to the inner cylinder 5b, and the smaller the width in the axial direction of the main shaft 5 is. Further, generator bearings 8-1, 8-2 are provided on the inner cylinder 5b, and the stator casing 11 is supported by these generator bearings 8-1, 8-2. As described above, the stator housing Π is supported by the generator bearings 8-1, 8-2 provided on the main shaft 5 in order to keep the interval between the exciting magnet 14 of the generator rotor 16 and the stator 13 constant. Very important practice. Here, the reason why the torque of the main shaft 5 acting on the stator case 11 cannot be supported by the generator bearings 8-1 and 8-2 provided on the main shaft 5 has been described previously. Therefore, as shown in Fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the torque supporting device 2 is placed on the flat portion 31 of the base portion 3 on the side of the generator 1 that is spaced apart from the left and right end portions of the center shaft 51. A torque support 2 is attached, and the torque support 2 is used to support the torque acting in the circumferential direction of the main shaft 5 acting on the stator case 11. One of the features of the wind power generator of the present embodiment is the connection structure of the torque support 2 and the stator case 11 as follows. The connection structure of the torque support 2 and the stator housing 11 will be described in detail below. -12-201126062 Fig. 3A and Fig. 3B are cross-sectional views showing the structure of the torque support 2. The torque support 2 includes a plug 21, two brackets 23, and an insertion portion 22. In the torque support 2, the bracket 23 is attached to the right end portion of the flat portion 31 on the generator 1 side, and the two brackets 23 are mounted in parallel with the central shaft 51 of the main shaft 5. The latch 21 is a coupling member for connecting the insertion portion 22 and the bracket 23. The latch 2 is inserted in the bracket 23 from the base 3 toward the generator 1 and in parallel with the central axis 51 of the spindle 5, and the other end is inserted into the insertion portion 22 Install it internally. The insertion portion 22 is provided such that it is partially inserted into the front plate member 12 of the stator case 11 of the generator 1. As will be described later, this method is an important practice for the torque support 2 to reduce the bending moment acting on the stator housing j j . The insertion portion 22 includes a bushing case 25 and a vibration-proof rubber 26 provided in the bushing case 25. The anti-vibration rubber 26 has a structure in which the plug 21 can be inserted, and is composed of an elastic body, and has a function of a cushioning member that can absorb a torque reaction force acting on the plug 21. A portion of the bushing housing 25 is inserted from the front side panel 12 of the stator housing 11 into the interior thereof. The position of the insertion portion 22 affects the size of the base 3 required to be supported by the torque support 2 One of the design parameters of the magnitude of the torque. The insertion portion 22 is preferably provided at a position from the center of the front plate member 12 of the stator case 11 at a distance of from a radius of 1/2 to a radius of 3/4. This is because if the position of the insertion portion 22 is too close to the vicinity of the outer circumference of the stator case 11, the base portion 3 must be enlarged and may collide with the position of the stator 13 of the generator 1 or the exciting magnet 14-13-201126062. , which leads to the difficulty of installation. As described above, in the present embodiment, the central portion of the rotor plate 15 on the side close to the main shaft 5 is formed into a thin waist shape, so that the insertion portion 22 is provided at the front plate 12 of the stator case 11 from the center. When the 1/2 radius in the radial direction is at a distance of up to 3/4 radius, even if the insertion portion 22 is inserted into the inside from the front plate member 12 on the base portion 3 side of the stator case 11, the stator 13 is not The field magnet 14 and the rotor plate 15 collide. On the other hand, if it is too close to the center of the stator case 11, the torque acting on the stator case 11 will not be supported again. Further, the insertion portion 22 is preferably provided on the front plate member 12 such that the insertion portions 22 at the left and right sides and the center (not shown) of the circular front plate member 12 are positioned on a straight line. In the present embodiment, the engagement structure of the torque support 2 and the stator housing 11 is designed such that the torque support 2 can drop the center of the load acting on the front plate 12 of the stator housing 11 on the front side. The thickness of the sheet 12 is in the range of D (i.e., falls within the range between the surface and the back). More specifically, the insertion portion 22 is provided at such a position that the front plate member 12 of the stator case 11 is inserted into the inside, and is appropriately adjusted by inserting the pin 21 into the insertion portion 22 at a depth. It can be adjusted so that the center of the load falls within the range of the thickness D of the front sheet 12. The advantages of this configuration will be described below by comparing the comparative example of Fig. 4A with the embodiment of Fig. 4B. Fig. 4A is a schematic view showing a joint structure of the torque support 2 and the stator case in the case where the above-described insertion portion is provided on the front surface of the front plate. That is, as shown in FIG. 4A, the torque support 14-201126062 has a plug 121 and an insertion portion 122, one end of which is inserted into the insertion portion 122, and the insertion portion 122 is provided at The situation on the front side panel 112 of the stator housing 111 is considered. Here, similarly to the insertion portion 22 of the present embodiment, the 'insertion portion 122 has a bushing outer casing 125 and an anti-vibration rubber 126» provided in the bushing outer casing 125. In this case, the generator rotor ( When the rotation is not shown, a torque in the circumferential direction of the main shaft (not shown) is applied to the stator case 111. The force corresponding to this torque is indicated as power F1 in Fig. 4A. When the torque toward the circumferential direction is applied to the stator case 111, the force against the torque by the pin 121 will be imparted to the insertion portion 122 to prevent the stator case 111 from rotating. At this time, the portion inserted into the insertion portion 122 from the pin 1 2 1 applies the load τ 给 to the insertion portion 122. The total load of this load r 1 can be regarded as a total load T1 acting near the center of the field to which the load rl is applied. The force F1 and the load T1 cancel each other in the circumferential direction of the main shaft, thereby preventing the stator casing 111 from rotating in the circumferential direction. However, at this time, since the insertion portion 122 protrudes from the front plate member 112 of the stator case ill, the position at which the load T1 acts, that is, the load center falls outside the thickness range of the stator case Π1, and thus The bending moment M1 which is caused by the load T1 acts on the stator housing 111. Further, as a result, since the stator case 111 is subjected to the bending moment M1, deformation toward the outside of the surface such as distortion or deflection occurs. As a result, the gap between the rotor and the stator of the generator tends to be uneven and new vibrations occur. As a result, it is possible to make it difficult for the generator to achieve stable operation -15-201126062. On the other hand, the present embodiment is a mode as shown in FIG. 4B, and the connection structure of the torque support 2 and the stator case 111 is designed such that the pin 21 applies the load τι to the stator case 11. The position, that is, the center of load, falls within the range of the thickness D of the stator housing 11 (i.e., in the range between the surface and the back surface), whereby the bending acting on the stator housing 11 can be reduced. Torque. In detail, in the present embodiment, as in the comparative example, once the spindle 5 is rotated, torque in the circumferential direction acts on the stator housing 1 1 , but the force against the torque is utilized by the latch 21 . It is given to the insertion portion 22 to prevent the stator housing 11 from rotating. In Fig. 4B, the force corresponding to the torque acting on the stator casing 11 in the circumferential direction is indicated by the force F2. At this time, there will be a load r2 acting between the latch 21 and the insertion portion 22. The total size of such a load r2 can be regarded as a total load T2 acting near the center of the field to which the load r 2 is applied. The force F2 and the load T2 cancel each other in the circumferential direction of the main shaft 5, thereby preventing the stator housing 11 from rotating in the circumferential direction. At this time, in the present embodiment, by inserting a part of the insertion portion 22 from the front plate member 12 of the stator case 11 into the inside thereof, the position at which the load T2 acts, that is, the position of the load center is adjusted. It falls within the thickness range of the stator housing 11. According to this configuration, there is no bending moment due to the load T2 acting on the stator case 11. Therefore, according to the configuration of the torque support 2 of the present embodiment, the in-plane moment acting on the stator case 11 can be reduced. The position at which the load T2 acts, i.e., the position of the center of the load, can be adjusted according to the depth at which the pin 21 is inserted into the insertion portion 22. That is, the depth at which the plug 21 is inserted into the insertion portion 22 is such that the center of load of the force acting between the pin 21 and the insertion portion 22 when the torque in the circumferential direction of the main shaft 5 acts on the stator case 11 is just The adjustment is made in such a manner that it falls within the thickness D of the stator case 11 (i.e., in the range between the surface and the back surface). According to an embodiment of the present invention, the insertion portion 22 is inserted into the depth position of the inside of the casing 11 as shown in Fig. 3B, and the length L of the portion of the insertion portion 22 into which the pin 21 is inserted is formed. It is preferable that the half length position A falls just in the range of the thickness D of the stator case 11. The closer the position A is to the center line 17 of the thickness D of the stator case 1 1 , the better the position A is slightly coincident with the center line 17 . Therefore, the connection structure of the torque support 2 and the stator case 1 according to the present embodiment allows the position at which the load T2 acts, that is, the center of the load falls to the inner side of the thickness of the stator case 11. In this way, the bending moment acting on the stator housing 11 can be suppressed. The fact that the bending moment acting on the stator casing 11 can be suppressed is also useful for miniaturization of the base 3. If the bending moment acting on the stator housing 11 cannot be reduced, the position of the support stator housing 11 must be brought close to the outside of the stator housing 11. This practice will result in an increase in the size of the base 3 or the structural member that is joined to the base 3 for supporting the stator housing 11, which is not a good idea. On the other hand, according to the present embodiment, since the bending moment acting on the stator case 11 can be suppressed, the position at which the insertion portion 22 is provided can be brought close to the center of the front plate member 12 of the stator case 11. This practice is very useful for the miniaturization of the base 3 [ -17- 201126062. The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it is a matter of course that the embodiments can be appropriately modified or changed as long as they are within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. For example, the present invention employs various modified embodiments as shown below. Fig. 5 is a view showing the structure of the insertion portion 22 of the torque support 2 in another embodiment of the present invention. Alternatively, as shown in Fig. 5, the bushing case 27 and the stator case 11 of the insertion portion 22 may be formed of different individuals, and a binding member such as a bolt (not shown) may be used in at least a part. Mounting is performed in a state of being inserted into the stator case 11. The fact that the bushing outer casing 27 and the stator casing 11 are respectively formed by different individuals can be made easier in production, and as long as the shape of the bushing outer casing 27 is changed, the latches of various shapes can be matched, which is advantageous in this respect. of. Fig. 6 and Fig. 6B are schematic views showing the configuration of a torque supporting device 2A in still another embodiment of the present invention. The torque support 2A includes a plug 24' bushing housing 28 and an anti-vibration rubber 29. The latch 24 has a rectangular long key shape, and one end of the plug 24 is attached to the left and right end portions of the base portion 3 on the side of the generator 1 by means of a joint such as a bolt (not shown). The other end of the latch 24 is fitted with a vibration-proof rubber 29 and inserted into the bushing housing 28. The bushing casing 28 is mounted on the stator casing from the front plate member 12 on the base 3 side of the stator casing 1 and inserted into the stator casing 11 as a part of the bushing casing 28. At this time, as shown in Fig. 6A, the anti-vibration rubber 29' may be attached to the periphery of the pin 24 at -18-201126062 or the anti-vibration rubber 29 may be attached only to the upper and lower sides of the pin 24. Fig. 7 is a view showing the structure of a torque supporting device 2B in still another embodiment of the present invention. In the torque supporting device 2B, the latch 33 is integrated with the base portion 3a, and the left and right end portions of the base portion 3a on the side of the generator 1 project in the direction in which the plug 33 is directed toward the generator 1. The end of the pin 33 of the base 3a is inserted into the bushing housing 28. The bushing casing 28 is attached to the front panel 1 2 on the side of the base portion 3a of the stator casing n. At this time, as in the other embodiments, a vibration-proof rubber (not shown) is attached to the end of the pin 33, and the bushing casing 28 is attached so that at least a part thereof is inserted into the stator case 11. This configuration is because the base portion 3a is integrated with the pin 33 of the torque supporting device 2B, so that the number of parts and the assembly error can be reduced. Here, the bushing outer casing 28 is preferably provided on the front plate member 12 such that the bushing outer casing 28 at the left and right sides and the center (not shown) of the front plate member 12 are located on a straight line. Therefore, a groove or a recess can be formed in the upper surface (not shown) of the base portion 3a, and a spindle (not shown) can be accommodated therein, and a part of the base portion 3a, that is, the left and right bushing housings into which the plugs 33 are inserted, can be inserted. 28 is placed in the same line as the center (not shown) of the front plate 12, and is inserted into the front plate member 12. Fig. 8 and Fig. 8B are schematic views showing the structure of a torque support in another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 8A, two insertion portions 62 are provided on the front plate member 12 on the base portion 3 side of the stator case 11 of the generator 1. m -19-201126062 Here, the insertion portion 62 is provided so that the insertion portion 62 at the left and right sides and the center 68 of the front plate member 12 fall in the same line as the straight line 63, as in the case of the other types of insertion portions. It is better. Further, the position of the insertion portion 62 is preferably a position at a distance of about 1 / 2 radius from the center 6 8 of the front plate member 1 2 in the horizontal direction. A pallet 61 is attached to the surface of the front plate member 12. . The pallet 61 is attached to the upper and lower directions of the insertion portion 62 so as to be substantially orthogonal to the straight line 63 connecting the left and right insertion portions 62 to the center (not shown) of the front plate member 12. The length of the pallet 61 is half of the length to the side of the generator 1, that is, half the length of the chord at the mounting position of the pallet 61, and is shaped to be near the center of the front panel 12 (with insertion The height of the portion 62 combined with this side is high, and the shape of the height gradually decreases toward the outer circumference. As shown in Fig. 8B, the insertion portion 62 can be made of the above-described bushing case 64 and anti-vibration rubber 65. Further, the plug 66 inserted into the insertion portion 62 can employ the above-described plug, a part of the base, and the like. The insertion portion 62 is provided such that only a part of the insertion portion 62 is inserted into the inside of the stator case 11 from the front plate member 12 on the base portion 3 side of the stator case 11. At this time, the insertion of the insertion portion 62 is set such that the length of the portion of the insertion portion 62 into which the pin of the torque support is inserted is reversed, and the position B of the half length just falls within the range of the member thickness D of the front plate member 12 The depth is better. Here, the position B is preferably centered on the center line 17 of the member thickness D of the front plate member 12. The ideal state is preferably such that the position B substantially coincides with the center line 17. The reason for this is as described above, since the torque generated by the generator 1 -20-201126062 and applied to the plug of the torque support can be transmitted to the front plate 1 2 . Therefore, the rigidity of the stator case 11 can be improved by providing the front plate 12 with the pallet 61 which can support the insertion portion 62 from above. In this way, the endurance against bending moments can be improved. Fig. 9 and Fig. 9B are views showing a connection structure between a torque support and a stator case in still another embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 9A is a plan view showing a connection structure between a torque support and a stator case, and Fig. 9B is a cross-sectional view showing the connection structure as viewed from above. In the structure shown in Fig. 9 and Fig. 9B, a concave portion is formed in the front plate member 12 of the stator case 11, and a part of the bearing housing 4-2 is housed in this concave portion. Specifically, the front plate member 12 is composed of an outer peripheral plate member 12a and a center portion plate member 12b. The outer peripheral plate member 12a is joined to the outer edge portion of the center plate member 12b. The shape of the center plate 1 2b is such that the center portion is more concave than the outer edge portion. Further, a part of the outer peripheral plate member 12a protrudes inward in the radial direction from the joint position with the center plate member 12b, and this protruding portion (projecting portion 12c) is fitted into the groove portion 19 provided in the bearing housing 4-2. The stator housing 11 is supported. That is, in the present embodiment, the torque supporting member is constituted by the bearing housing 4-2 and the protruding portion 12c of the front plate member 12 of the stator case 11. More specifically, the bearing housing 4-2 shown in Fig. 9A is formed with a groove portion 19 and an opening 20 that penetrates the groove portion 19 and penetrates the axial direction of the main shaft 5. On the other hand, an opening 1 2d is formed in the protruding portion 1 2c of the outer peripheral plate member 12a. The protrusion of the outer plate 1 2a
L -21 - 201126062 部12c被嵌入到設在軸承座4-2的溝部19內的狀態，將 軸襯18插入到軸承座4-2的開口 20。軸襯18係以貫穿 過設在軸承座4-2上的開口 20與設在外周部板材12a的 突出部12c上的開口 12d的方式插入。如此一來，定子殻 體11就被固定於軸承座4-2。 請留意的是：即使在第9圖A、第9圖B所示的構造 中，轉矩支承具也是被設計成：使得作用在定子殼體11 的正面板材12的力量的荷重中心落在正面板材12的厚度 D的範圍內（亦即，表面與背面之間的範圍內）。在第9圖 A、第9圖B中，係藉由將突出部12c嵌入到設在軸承座 4-2上的溝部1 9而將定子殼體1 1加以固定。因爲這個突 出部12c係從與中心部板材12b的接合位置朝向半徑方向 內側突出，所以即使有朝主軸5的周方向的轉矩加諸到定 子殼體11身上，在正面板材12身上也只有朝其面內方向 的力量作用在其身上。因此，第9圖A、第9圖B所示的 構造亦可減少作用在定子殼體11身上的彎曲力矩。 以上雖然是記載出本發明的各種實施方式，但是在各 實施方式中，轉矩支承具的插銷的形狀係可以是：圓筒 形、矩形以外的形狀。此外，轉矩支承具與基部，還有插 入部與定子殼體的基部側的平面，分別都可以製作成一體 化，或者分別製作成單獨的個體。又，當然亦可適用於： 轉矩支承具係圓筒形，與基台係製作成一體化，插入部係 與定子殼體的基部側的平面分別製作成單獨的個體，再將 它們組合在一起的方式。 -22- 201126062 此外，雖然在前述的實施方式中提及直接驅動方式的 風力發電裝置，但是本發明亦可適用在不是直接驅動方式 的風力發電裝置。只是說本發明應用在使用大型發電機的 直接驅動方式的風力發電裝置最爲恰當。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖係顯示本發明的一種實施方式的風力發電裝置 的結構之示意立體圖。 第2圖係顯示發電機的結構之一例的斷面圖。 第3圖A係顯示本發明的一種實施方式的轉矩支承 具的結構之斷面圖。 第3圖B係顯示本發明的一種實施方式的轉矩支承具 的結構之斷面圖。 第4圖A係顯示比較例中的轉矩支承具的結構之示 意圖。 第4圖B係顯示本發明的一種實施方式中的轉矩支承 具的結構之示意圖。 第5圖係顯示本發明的其他實施方式中的轉矩支承具 的結構之不意圖。 第ό圖A係顯示本發明的另一其他實施方式中的轉 矩支承具的結構之示意圖。 第6圖B係顯示第6圖A的轉矩支承具的結構之斷 面圖。 第7圖係顯示本發明的另一其他實施方式中的轉矩支 -23- 201126062 承具的結構之示意圖。 第8圖A係顯示本發明另-其他實施方式中的轉矩 支承具的結構之示意圖。 第8圖B係顯示第8圖A的轉矩支承具的結構之斷 面圖β 第9圖Α係顯示本發明另一其他實施方式中的轉矩 支承具的結構之示意圖。 第9圖B係顯示第9圖A的轉矩支承具的結構之斷 面圖。 第1〇圖係顯示習知技術的風力發電裝置的轉矩支承 具的結構之示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 :發電機 2 :轉矩支承具 2A :轉矩支承具 2B :轉矩支承具 3 :基部 3a :基部 4-1、4-2 :軸承座 5 :主軸 5a :軸基體部 5b :內筒 7-1、7-2 :軸承 -24- 201126062 8-1、8-2 :發電機軸承 1 1 :定子殻體 12 :正面板材 1 2 a :外周部板材 1 2 b :中心部板材 12c :突出部 1 2d :開口 13 :定子 1 4 :激磁磁鐵 1 5 :轉子板 1 5 a :背板 15b :連結板 1 5 c :肋板 16 =發電機轉子 1 7 :中心線 1 9 :溝部 20 :開□ 2 1 :插銷 2 2 :插入部 23 :托架 24 :插銷 25 :軸襯外殼 26 :防振橡膠 2 7 :軸襯外殼 ] -25- 201126062 28 :軸襯外殻 2 9 :防振橡膠 30 :風力發電裝置 3 1 :平面部 3 3 :插銷 5 1 :中心軸 6 1 :棧板 62 :插入部 6 3 :直線 64 :軸襯外殻 6 5 :防振橡膠 6 6 :插銷 68 :中心 1 1 1 :定子殼體 1 1 2 :正面板材 1 2 1 :插銷 122 :插入部 125 :軸襯外殼 1 2 6 :防振橡膠 204 :基部 2 1 6、2 1 7 :軸承 218 :主軸 219 :定子 226 :臂部 201126062 227 :樑 228 :阻尼元件 -27The L-21 - 201126062 portion 12c is fitted into the groove portion 19 provided in the bearing housing 4-2, and the bushing 18 is inserted into the opening 20 of the bearing housing 4-2. The bushing 18 is inserted so as to penetrate through the opening 20 provided in the bearing housing 4-2 and the opening 12d provided in the protruding portion 12c of the outer peripheral plate member 12a. As a result, the stator casing 11 is fixed to the bearing housing 4-2. It is to be noted that even in the configuration shown in Figs. 9A and 9B, the torque support is designed such that the center of the load acting on the front plate 12 of the stator case 11 falls on the front side. The thickness D of the sheet material 12 is within the range (i.e., within the range between the surface and the back surface). In Fig. 9A and Fig. 9B, the stator case 1 1 is fixed by fitting the protruding portion 12c to the groove portion 19 provided in the bearing housing 4-2. Since the projection 12c protrudes from the engagement position with the center plate 12b toward the inner side in the radial direction, even if a torque in the circumferential direction of the main shaft 5 is applied to the stator case 11, the front plate 12 is only facing The force in its in-plane direction acts on it. Therefore, the configuration shown in Figs. 9A and 9B can also reduce the bending moment acting on the stator housing 11. Although various embodiments of the present invention have been described above, in each of the embodiments, the shape of the pin of the torque support device may be a shape other than a cylindrical shape or a rectangular shape. Further, the torque support and the base, and the plane of the insertion portion and the base side of the stator case, respectively, may be integrally formed or separately formed as separate bodies. Further, of course, the torque support can be applied to a cylindrical shape and integrated with the base system, and the insertion portion and the plane on the base side of the stator case are separately formed as individual bodies, and then they are combined. The way together. Further, although the direct drive type wind power generator is mentioned in the foregoing embodiment, the present invention is also applicable to a wind power generator which is not a direct drive type. It is only said that the present invention is most suitably applied to a wind power generation apparatus using a direct drive type of a large generator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing the configuration of a wind turbine generator according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the structure of the generator. Fig. 3A is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a torque support according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3B is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a torque supporting device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 4A is a view showing the structure of the torque support in the comparative example. Fig. 4B is a schematic view showing the structure of a torque support in an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a view showing the structure of the torque support in the other embodiment of the present invention. Figure A is a schematic view showing the structure of a torque support in still another embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 6B is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the torque support of Fig. 6A. Fig. 7 is a view showing the structure of a torque support -23-201126062 in another embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of a torque support in still another embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 8B is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the torque supporting device of Fig. 8A. Fig. 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of a torque supporting device according to still another embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 9B is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the torque support of Fig. 9A. Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a torque support of a conventional wind power generator. [Explanation of main component symbols] 1 : Generator 2 : Torque support 2A : Torque support 2B : Torque support 3 : Base 3a : Base 4-1, 4-2 : Housing 5 : Spindle 5a : Shaft Base portion 5b: inner cylinder 7-1, 7-2: bearing-24- 201126062 8-1, 8-2: generator bearing 1 1 : stator housing 12: front plate 1 2 a : outer peripheral plate 1 2 b : center plate 12c: protrusion 1 2d : opening 13 : stator 1 4 : field magnet 1 5 : rotor plate 1 5 a : back plate 15b : connecting plate 1 5 c : rib 16 = generator rotor 1 7 : center Line 1 9 : Groove 20 : Opening □ 2 1 : Bolt 2 2 : Insert 23 : Bracket 24 : Bolt 25 : Bushing housing 26 : Anti-vibration rubber 2 7 : Bushing housing ] -25- 201126062 28 : Bushing Housing 2 9 : Anti-vibration rubber 30 : Wind power generator 3 1 : Plane 3 3 : Bolt 5 1 : Center shaft 6 1 : Pallet 62 : Insert 6 3 : Straight line 64 : Bushing housing 6 5 : Vibration rubber 6 6 : Bolt 68 : Center 1 1 1 : Stator housing 1 1 2 : Front plate 1 2 1 : Pin 122 : Insertion portion 125 : Bushing housing 1 2 6 : Anti-vibration rubber 204 : Base 2 1 6 2 1 7 : Bearing 218 : Spindle 219 : Stator 226 : Arm 201126062 22 7: Beam 228: Damping element -27