TW201125308A - Reverse link data rate indication for satellite-enabled communication systems - Google Patents

Abstract

Reverse link data rate indications in wireless communication systems are defined with low identification overhead. Existence of a pilot signal is leveraged in order to reduce the overhead for identifying and selecting the reverse link data rate. At least two distinguishable pilot signals are defined, in which, based on the particular pilot signal present in the transmitted frame, at least one rate set from the multiple available rate sets can be determined. Reverse rate information in the transmitted frame is then used to identify which specific data rate within the determined rate set is used. Based on the identified data rate, the receiver may then decode the payload data in the transmitted frame.

Description

201125308, VI. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present teachings relate generally to communication systems and, more particularly, to reverse link data rate indications in communication systems supporting satellites. [Prior Art] Many current wireless communication systems involve wireless cellular networks. The network is generally a terrestrial radio frequency (RF) network composed of a plurality of cell service areas, each of which is served by a transceiver called at least one fixed location of the base station. Various mobile devices or user equipment (UE) of the cell service area served by the base station provide a wireless communication link. Advances in terrestrial RF systems have allowed for dramatic growth in wireless voice and data communications' and allowed people to access wireless voice and data communications, and because of the relatively low cost of providing standard wireless services and user equipment. . A disadvantage of wireless cellular networks is the coverage area. In order to maximize the serviceable capacity of any area of the cell service area, the fixed position base station is configured to have only a limited range. The limited range allows for the reuse of available channels. This increases the overall capacity of the network. Since the fixed-position base port is used to provide wireless access to the communication system,

2 places may not have services. In addition, various topographical features I: trees, mountains, buildings, etc.) may block the RF signal or the installation of the A platform. 'Thus' actually reduces the coverage area. Therefore, it is impossible to install the platform or the remote location of Anji’s poor women’s mobile device or the 201125308 user equipment actually becomes a town when it is in the uncovered area, which has complex but complete Unused electronic devices. In order to address some of the coverage limitations, personal satellite communication systems have been developed that have been used for many years in back-end or backbone communication transmissions, but the use of personal communication systems has only recently been implemented. In such a satellite system, a satellite telephone or satellite communication device acts as a mobile telephone that is connected to an orbiting satellite rather than a land cell service area. Depending on the architecture of a particular system, coverage can include the entire planet or only specific regions. Satellite communication systems experience some of the same shortcomings as terrestrial communication systems, such as signals being blocked by trees, buildings, and the like. However, satellite communication systems typically provide communication access at very remote locations as long as the location is visible to a fixed number of orbiting satellites. Thus, in situations where terrestrial communication systems typically do not provide access in the ocean or in a particular desert or mountain area, the satellite communication system will typically provide communication via signals transmitted directly between the UE and one or more orbital communication satellites. . Although terrestrial wireless communication systems have evolved and become very popular around the world, but because communication companies require a large initial startup cost to deploy the necessary number of satellites into the orbit, and for users, because of the association The relatively high cost of mobile devices/UEs and the high cost of use sometimes increase to a few dollars per minute, so satellite communication systems have failed to achieve similar success. However, with the advancement of wireless technology, it has become feasible to share mobile hardware to handle terrestrial and satellite communications. In addition, it has been proposed to provide a mobile phone or user equipment to make the 201125308 f land base station when feasible, but to switch to a satellite station when the mobile phone or user I can no longer be used to land the base station. Terrestrial_satellite communication system. A problem that arises in θ pure satellite systems or hybrid terrestrial _ satellite systems 疋 adapts various terrestrial wireless standards to accommodate satellite operations. The adaptation of these standards allows for the direct use of more of the same user injury techniques, or only minor changes are required to be compatible between terrestrial and satellite systems. Compared to :: change or no change is equivalent to reducing the cost of the satellite system and U access to the satellite system. However, because satellites are much farther away from average users than terrestrial base stations, problems often arise in adapting land standards to satellite operations. Pure distance affects satellite signals via signal strength and long round trip delay. A weaker signal is equivalent to a lower data rate, and the satellite round trip delay is approximately 5 〇〇 ms compared to a land round trip delay of less than 1 ms. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Various embodiments of the present teachings are directed to reverse link data rate indications in a wireless communication system. The presence of pilot signals is used to reduce the administrative burden for identifying and selecting the reverse link data rate. At least two discernable pilot frequencies are defined in which at least one rate set can be determined from a plurality of available rate sets based on a particular pilot signal present in the transmitted frame. The reverse rate information in the transmitted frame is then used to identify which of the determined data sets is used. Based on the identified data rate, the receiver can then decode the valid negative 201125308 data in the transmitted frame. An additional representative implementation of the present teachings 鲚中发/5 Α μ A pairs of methods for ambiguous link data rate information in a wireless communication system. Determining the data speed of the reverse link transmission and selecting the first pilot frequency signal frequency signal from at least two discernable pilot frequencies u from the first group rate & force 丨 5 | The rate of difference is m (10) - the rate of paying in the middle. The method further includes: deriving and identifying the data rate determined by the identification, so that the rate code of the second broadcast frequency is combined with at least the first pilot frequency signal and the derived speed f' to form a reverse link signal. Blocking; and transmitting the reverse link frame to the access node of the wireless communication system. A further representative embodiment is directed to transmitting the reverse link data in the wireless communication system (4) law. The method includes: receiving a frame transmitted by the mobile device; (d) directing the pilot signal in the frame; and distinguishing at least one of the plurality of available rate sets based on the detected pilot signal. The method includes: decoding the reverse rate information in the frame; selecting the data rate in the differentiated rate set based on the decoded reverse rate information; and selecting the data rate according to the selected data rate The data in the frame is decoded. Yet another representative embodiment of the present teachings is directed to access points, points for wireless communication systems. The access points include: a processor; a modulator/demodulator coupled to the processor ' transceiver, coupled to the processor; the antenna array' engaging the transceiver; and storing Memory that is coupled to the processor. The rate detection module is stored in the storage memory. When executed by the processor 201125308, the rate module configures the access node as: a pilot signal in the incoming frame; and identifies the associated channel associated with the detected probe I. At least - a set of rates. The access nodes also include decoder modules that are expected to be in the storage memory. When executed by the processor, the decoder module further configures the access node to decode the reverse rate information in the received frame. The executed capture rate predicate module further configures the access nodes to: use the decoded reverse rate information to identify the data rate in the set of rates; and use the identified data rate pair The data in the frame is decoded. Yet another representative embodiment of the present teachings is directed to computer readable media, including code stored thereon. The computer readable medium includes: a code for receiving a frame sent by the mobile device; a code for detecting a pilot signal in the frame; and a signal based on the detected pilot signal A code that distinguishes at least one of a plurality of available rate sets. The computer readable medium also includes: a code for decoding the reverse rate information in the frame; a program for selecting a data rate in the different rate set based on the decoded reverse rate information a code; and a code for decoding the data in the frame according to the selected data rate. Yet another representative embodiment of the present teachings is directed to a system for decoding ten pairs of reverse link data transmissions in a wireless communication system. The systems include: (d) (d) components of the frame transmitted by the device; means for (iv) pilot signal signals within the frame; and means for distinguishing among a plurality of available rate sets based on the detected pilot frequency signals At least one component of the rate set 201125308. The system includes: means for decoding the reverse speed I information in the frame; and selecting the differentiated rate intrusion based on the decoded reverse rate information &gt; a component of the data rate; and means for decoding the data in the frame for the data rate selected by the root. The features and technical advantages of the present invention are set forth in the <RTIgt; Additional features and advantages will be described below, for the clerk,? The subject matter of the claims of the present invention is formed. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the concept and specific embodiments disclosed may be readily utilized as a basis for modifying or designing other structures for the same purpose. Those skilled in the art will also appreciate that such equivalent interpretations do not depart from the techniques of the invention as set forth in the appended claims. With regard to the organization and method of operation of the present invention, the novel features and advantages and advantages of the present invention will be better understood from the following description when considered in conjunction with the appended claims. . It is to be expressly understood, however, that the claims [Embodiment] Referring now to Figure 1, there is shown a block diagram for a non-existent hybrid terrestrial-satellite communication system (HCS) 10, which can be used in a hybrid terrestrial satellite communication system. An embodiment of the teachings. The hybrid terrestrial satellite communication system 10 includes a plurality of access networks arranged in a manner that provides multiple geographical separations in addition to multiple access beam patterns provided by multiple orbiting satellites. The open terrestrial base station defines multiple adjacent terrestrial 201125308 cell service areas. The illustrated portion of the hybrid terrestrial satellite communication system 1 of Figure 1 provides only one of a number of terrestrial base stations (terrestrial base station 101) that make up the hybrid terrestrial-satellite communication system 10 and many of the hybrid terrestrial-satellite communication systems 10 One of the orbiting satellites (satellite 1〇2). The access terminal (AT) 1 establishes communication with the hybrid terrestrial-satellite communication system 10 via radio frequency (RF) signals exchanged between the terrestrial base station 101 and/or the satellite 102. These components of the hybrid terrestrial communication system 1 are communicated via the two-way communication 7. The terrestrial base station communicates with the access terminal 100 via the forward link 103 and receives the returned communication from the access terminal 100 via the reverse link (rl) 1〇4. Due to the configuration of the single cell service area in the hybrid terrestrial-satellite communication system 10, the location of the terrestrial base station 1〇1 is not very far from the access terminal, at least relative to the distance of the satellite 102. A relatively short distance between the access terminal 100 and the terrestrial base station 101 produces a short round trip delay in communication via the FL 103 and the RL 104. When S is switched to access the hybrid terrestrial satellite communication system via satellite 102, the access terminal 100 uses the 106 and RL1〇5 transmissions to communicate with the satellite 102. However, due to the distance between the access terminal 1 and the hybrid terrestrial-satellite communication system 10, the round trip delay may be much higher than experienced in terrestrial communications. The potential of satellite and hybrid terrestrial-satellite communication systems has grown larger as the physical specifications used to adapt satellite communications have been refined. The group specification under consideration is currently being developed by Qualcomm Inc. The GE® Mobile Satellite Space Intermediary (gmSA) dGMSA agreement defines control and management: the air interface between mobile devices and satellite base stations or access networks The 10 201125308 group standard. The special agreement was specifically adapted to handle the unique situation that existed when communicating with orbiting earth satellites. One of the new specifications proposed by the GMSA Agreement is the narrow-band entity layer of Return Link (RL) communications. The narrowband physical layer is specifically designed for power limited satellite communication systems. Several key features of this narrowband physical layer play an important role in defining efficient and reliable communications. The RL traffic channel is defined as the use of a narrowband physical layer&apos; where frequency division multiplexing (FDM) is performed for access users. The 1.23 megahertz (MHz) region of the RL spectrum is divided into 192 narrow frequency frequency channels, with each of the channels having a bandwidth of 6.4 kilohertz (kHz). Depending on the frequency reuse mode, channel availability, and system load, one or two separate FDM channels can be assigned to the access user for RL traffic. Considering the size of the satellite beam and the typical frequency reuse mode, two users are usually not assigned to the same frequency channel. Therefore, access users within the same beam generally do not interfere with each other. The flexibility of assigning up to two channels per access user allows for efficient service of multiple mobile device types. For example, a typical access user with a basic mobile device may only be able to transmit at a rate between 2.4 kilobits per second and 4.8 kilobits per second (kbps) while still maintaining sufficient link margin. For this available transmission rate, any transmission bandwidth above 64 kHz provides negligible benefits. Conversely, mobile devices with higher transmitter power budgets and/or high gain antennas may be able to tolerate reduced link margins and, therefore, can transmit at rates between up to 19 2 and 38 4 kbps. Forcing this higher transmission rate to 6.4 kHz 11 201125308 bandwidth is very inefficient. In fact, from the point of view of coding and modulation, the spread power of such a relatively high data rate can be obtained by spreading the frequency as early as possible on a larger sling band, which can often achieve 1-2 decibels (dB). Secret φ, efficiency. Therefore, assigning two separate channels (a total of 128 kK7 this life, .kHz bandwidth) to higher data rate users when possible can increase the overall efficiency of such users. The reverse traffic channel currently supports ten different data materials (ie, 〇^^it^. 640 bps ^1.28 kbps, 24 kbps.48kbps^6 ', 12.81^, 19.2, 25 6 ¥ and 38 4 The smuggling of each data rate by the system and the system independently results in the use of more management burden to directly process each material. Different from each rate, 'GMSA divides the data rate into multiple rate sets. In its current state T, the ten supported data rates are grouped into three rates: combined: rate set 0 (640 _ and 1_281^1), rate set 1 (24 kbps, 4, 8 kbps, and 9.6 kbpS), And rate set 2 (12 8 kbps, 19.2 kbps, 25.6 kbps * 38.4 kbps). The gmsa standard specifies the use of a set of rates in the set of rates that are different from the packet data used to transmit the high rate to transmit low bit rate speech/messages. In addition, two different encoding methods or schemes that can be optimized for different sized packets can be used. For example, in a smaller payload packet with a size of 48 or 96 bits, standard encoding can be used. Solution (such as Truncated whirling coding. truncated convolutional coding is a common coding example that has been adopted as the standard for North American digital cellular radio communications. It is known in the art as IS-130, which has been adopted by the International Telecommunication Union. However, it should be noted that other 12 201125308 type coding schemes may be used in the case of smaller payloads. Conversely, larger payload packets may use more complex coding schemes, such as trellis coding or turbines. The GMSA standard also defines a narrowband access channel. The process of searching for a spread spectrum signal with low signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) and large delay variation in satellite beams can be challenging. Tasks. For example, the US mainland region (CONUS) can use 36 satellite beam patterns for coverage' where the diameter of each beam is approximately 500 km (km) when measured on the Earth's surface. To cover the 500 km All access attempts by users at different locations within the beam diameter range, the access channel search window of the gateway will take approximately 3 milliseconds (mi; The size of the search window will be converted to approximately 3,687 chips per 1.25 MHz spread spectrum signal. Conversely, the choice of narrowband access and 6.4 kHz traffic channel reduces the delay uncertainty window to a symbol rate of 5.6 kHz About π symbols. It also takes into account the larger beamwidth and very low access channel data rate. These are common in satellite communications, but if you use a code division multiplex access (CDMA) spread spectrum method. It is difficult to support. An agreement to provide beneficial adaptation to satellite communication systems is the Evolutionary Data Optimization (EVDO) standard developed by Qualcomm Incorporated for wireless transmission of data via radio signals. This protocol uses multiplex technology including cdma and time-division multiplex access (tdma) to maximize the throughput of individual users and the overall system throughput. It is standardized by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2) as part of the CDMA2〇〇〇 standard family and has been adopted by many mobile phone service providers around the world, especially service providers that previously used CDMA networks. . 13 201125308 One benefit of adopting the EVDO standard is the ability to adjust the transmission data rate based on the predicted transmission channel quality. The part of the mechanism that controls the data rate comes from the reverse traffic channel. In a typical terrestrial lx EVDO system, the 'reverse link channel uses orthogonal coding (such as HUAWEI coding), which is sent back to the base station for decoding using quadrature phase shift keying (qPSK) modulation. However, the process used in terrestrial EVDO systems does not provide the most efficient way to implement reverse link rate control in satellite communications, given the power limitations and large delay variations common to satellite communication systems. 2 is a block diagram illustrating the structure of a reverse traffic channel (RTC) 20 for use in a satellite communication system configured in accordance with one embodiment of the present teachings. The RTC 20 includes partitioning of different subchannels, each carrying data or signal information with a particular task. The RTC 20 includes a pilot channel (not shown) at the pilot channel 200^ receiving device for use with the pilot channel 200 for phase/gain estimation and tracking purposes. Media Access Control (MAC) channel 201 includes two sub-channels, a reverse rate indicator (RRI) channel 202 and a quality control measurement (QCM) index 203. One example of a QCM index 203 is a channel quality indicator (CQI) for identifying the quality of a particular forward link channel. Based on this quality index, the device can select the appropriate forward link data rate that the quality will reliably support. The two sub-channels carry the rate of communication between the mobile device supporting the satellite (such as the access terminal 1 (Fig. 1)) and the satellite access node (AN) (such as the satellite AN 102 (Fig. 1)) for communication. The information used during the setup process. The RRI channel 202 identifies the data rate at which the mobile device or user equipment that is transmitting is transmitting on the RL. Each frame that makes up a given message packet will contain the same RR][information on RRI channel 14 201125308 * 202. This repetition of the same RRI information is used by the receiver in determining the exact data rate of incoming information. The QCM Index 203 indicates to the satellite access network the rate of data that the mobile device or user equipment is capable of receiving on the forward link (FL). Finally, the RTC 20 includes a data channel carrying a data payload on the RL. Each of the pilot channel 200, the RRI channel 2〇2, the QCM index 203, and the data channel 2〇4 is modulated into the RTC 2〇 using Time Division Multiplexing (TDM). A packet is a logical unit used to send data. Information or data is sent by breaking the information or data into packets of various sizes, and then sending the packets via the communication network. The basic unit of transmission time on RTC 20 is the frame. According to the configuration of the RTC 20, each frame lasts 2 〇 ms and carries pilot symbols, data symbols, RRI symbols, and QCM index symbols. The symbols have the same duration and are transmitted at the same power level. A single packet can contain enough information so that multiple frames will be used to send the entire message packet. Therefore, depending on the size of the information packet, one or more frames can be used to send the packet. FIG. 3A is a block diagram illustrating a frame % configured in accordance with an embodiment of the present teachings. In the case of an FDM channel with a bandwidth of 6.4 kHz assigned, frame 30 includes 112 complex in-phase/orthogonal (ι/Q) symbols for a duration of 20 ms. This symbol produces a 5.6 kHz symbol with the frame ratio. Rate. Arrange the symbols in time as shown in frame 3〇. Frame 30 • Start with block 300 with two RRI symbols, followed by block 30 with two resource symbols, followed by 14 regions with a single pilot symbol, 201125308 blocks and 13 with seven The blocks of data symbols alternate. For the sake of simplicity and convenience, the 14 single pilot symbol blocks are reduced to a single pilot symbol block 302, a single pilot symbol block 3〇4, a single pilot symbol block 3 06, a single pilot symbol. Block 308, single pilot symbol block 310 and single pilot symbol block 312, and simplifying the seven seven-symbol data blocks into seven-symbol data block 303, seven-symbol data block 3〇5, and seven symbol data. Block 307, seven-symbol data block 3 〇9 and seven-symbol data block 3 11 . The 14th single pilot symbol block 312 is followed by a single data symbol block 313, and the frame 30 ends with a block 314 having two CQs; The receiver is known to use the known configuration to decode various individual symbols using known configurations. The receiver knows that the first two symbols are expected to be RRI symbols, and the next two symbols are data symbols and the like. When a particular UE is able to use two FI) M channels, and the satellite network can be used to assign two such FDM channels to the UE, the bandwidth of the combined frame is now 12.8 kHz (ie, the frequency of frame 30) Twice the width), the frame has 224 complex ι/Q symbols. FIG. 3b is a block diagram illustrating a frame 31 configured in accordance with an embodiment of the present teachings. In the case of twice the bandwidth, the frame 31 carries twice the symbol, that is, 224 symbols. The 224 symbols are divided and arranged in the same basic configuration as frame 30 (Fig. 3A). The duration of each symbol in the two-FDM channel frame 3 1 is reduced by half compared to the single FDM channel case of frame 30 (Fig. 3A). However, the total number of symbols for the parent type has also doubled. Therefore, even if the overall valley amount of the frame 31 is twice that of the frame 3 (Fig. 3A), the overall duration of the frame 31 remains unchanged from the duration of the frame 30 (Fig. 3A). 16 201125308 Frame 3 1 begins with block 3丨5 with four RRI symbols. This configuration is also known to receivers, which use the known configuration to decode various individual symbols. Subsequently, 27 blocks with a single pilot symbol alternate with 26 blocks with seven data symbols. For simplicity and convenience, the 27 single pilot symbol blocks are reduced to a single pilot symbol block 316, a single pilot symbol block 318, a single pilot symbol block 320, and a single pilot symbol block 322. And a single pilot symbol block 324, and the 26 seven-symbol data blocks are reduced to seven data symbol blocks 3 17, seven data symbol blocks 319, seven data symbol blocks 32, and seven data symbol blocks 323. Following the 27th single pilot symbol block 324 is the last block 325 having six data symbols. Subsequently, block 325 of six data symbols is followed by block 3 26 having one CQI symbol and another single pilot symbol block 327. Frame 31 ends at block 328 having three CQI symbols. It should be noted that the frame configurations provided in Figures 3A and 3B are merely examples of frame configurations that may be used in various embodiments of the present teachings. Additional configurations may be used without departing from the scope of the present teachings. For example, in additional and/or alternative embodiments of the present teachings, a single FDM channel

The If shape can be divided into its frame by starting and ending with a block of 12 data symbols, and then a block with four symbols (the three pilot symbols and one RRI symbol) Or - (10) sign between the lights divided) and the block with 24 data symbols alternate. In a system similar to the system of Figures 3A and 3B, in the frame of the 2 coffee. The dual FDM channel case will be the same except that the halving in each block is maintained for 20 ms and the blocks are arranged to a total of 个12 symbol-specific symbols multiplied by the duration of the symbol 17 201125308 Configuration, but with twice the bandwidth of 224 symbols. Most current wireless communication systems are designed to have pilot frequency signals present in each signal. The pilot signal is used as a known signal in the network to facilitate coherent modulation. Therefore, the demodulator at the receiver knows what to expect for the pilot symbols transmitted in the RL frame. In existing systems, there is a single pilot symbol that is typically composed of 24 consecutive binary values "〇". However, in order to reduce the administrative burden of processing multiple rate sets defined in the GMSA standard, various embodiments of the present teachings define at least two different pilot frequency symbols. Since the pilot frequency signal is intended to always exist, its presence provides free bits or more information. By defining at least two no (four) bow pilot signals/symbols, various embodiments of the present teachings are capable of defining at least two possible values of the information. In the currently considered GMSA standard, along with the various embodiments of the present teachings, two discernable pilot frequency signals are defined. The first pilot frequency symbol is the standard pilot frequency symbol 'which is referred to as the normal pilot frequency. The normal pilot frequency can be the same as the configuration of the existing pilot symbols, that is, 24 consecutive binary values "0". The second pilot frequency is configured to be 24 different values that are discernible from the normal pilot frequency. This second pilot frequency is referred to as the marker pilot frequency. The configuration of the marker pilot frequency will depend on the particular embodiment of the present teachings. An exemplary configuration would include a binary value of 24 parent substitutions, such as. Alternation with 1 or alternating between 1 and 〇. The two discernibly different pilot frequency symbols provide a bit that can be used to distinguish or select between the rate set a rate set 2 as in the embodiment of the present teachings, when in the receiver At 2011 25308, when the marker pilot is detected, the receiver knows that the current data rate is in rate set 2 and then 'uses the RRI symbols from the remaining information in the frame to select a particular data rate within the particular rate set. In the case where a single FDM channel is assigned to a mobile device for communication, the set of possible rates is limited to the rate set 速率 and the rate set 1. In this case, the pilot frequency may not be powerful enough to reliably carry the rate aggregate information due to the lower available data rate. In this case, the receiver uses blind detection to distinguish between the two rate sets. Once the appropriate set of rates is found, the receiver of the single FDM channel frame will then use the RRI symbols to identify the rate set or the exact rate within rate set 1. Since there are only two different rates in rate set 0, only one RRI bit is used, and two RRI bits are used to detect three different rates in rate set i. When the rate set 辨识 is identified, a single RRI bit is repeated within the frame to maintain compatibility with other rate sets and frame structures. It should be noted that in the various embodiments of the present teachings, in operation, due to the limitation of the link budget, the data rate of the rate set 速率 and the rate set 无法 cannot be reliably identified based on a single frame. Therefore, when attempting to identify a specific rate in the rate set 速率 and rate set 1, the receiver uses blind detection of RRI symbols on all frames in the multi-frame packet and some forms of techniques (such as coherent combination). To solve the identification of the data rate. Coherent combination is a common technique used to increase the sin II of symbol detection. When each symbol is received, the receiver saves the symbols and combines the symbol values with the values in the same symbol received in the next frame. The combination is performed in such a way as to eliminate significant noise and 201125308 interference in each signal. For each successively received version of the same symbol, the receiver will be able to step-by-step to eliminate noise and interference&apos; and then more reliably determine what the symbol value is. It should be noted that although the coherent combination is recognized as a type of combination method 'but' other types, including non-coherent combination techniques, may be used without departing from the teachings of the present teachings. 4 is an operational block diagram illustrating an exemplary operation implemented in an embodiment of the present teachings. In the block meter +, the rate of the reverse key transmission is determined. In the square ridge, selecting a first pilot frequency from at least two discernable pilot frequencies, wherein the first pilot frequency distinguishes at least one of the set of rate rates in the group rate set, and the determined rate set includes the determined Data rate. At block 4 〇 2+, the rate code is derived and the rate code is determined from the rate set of the determined data rate (four) material rate. In block 4〇3, the reverse secret frame is synthesized using at least the first pilot frequency signal and the derived rate code. At block 404+, the reverse link frame is sent (four) to the H (four) access node at the determined data rate. FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating an access terminal (AT) 50 configured in accordance with one embodiment of the present teachings. The access terminal 5Q includes a processor just, a modulator/demodulator - mo1, a transceiver 502 that operates in conjunction with the antenna array 503, and a memory state. Processor 5. . Directly or indirectly coupled to m〇/dem501, transceiver 5〇2, antenna arrays such as and memory elements&apos; and controls the operation of such component parts to facilitate the function of the access terminal (9). The signal analyzer module 5〇5 is stored in the storage memory 5〇4. § When executed by the processor 500, the t唬 analyzer module 505 performs signal analysis on the reverse link channel using various signals 20 201125308 and noise measurements. Based on these channel measurements, the implemented signal analyzer selects the reverse link channel quality at the appropriate data rate that will be supported in future reverse link transmissions. A known prediction process is used based on current quality measurements to determine the planned channel quality. When the memory combo 504 is also stored, the frame combiner module 5 00 executes, the frame combiner module 5 〇 8 collects the appropriate data to combine the frames to be sent to the access node (AN ), regardless of the memory. Whether the node is a terrestrial AN or a satellite AN. Based on the previously selected data rate, the executed frame combiner module 508 accesses the rate set table 509 stored in the storage memory 5〇4 to select a particular rate set into which the selected data rate falls. Once a particular set of rates is known, the executed frame combiner module accesses the pilot signal table 5〇6, also stored in the memory memory 5〇4, to determine which of the pilot signal tables 506. The pilot signal is associated with the selected set of rates. The executed frame combiner module 508 is stored and stored in the storage. The rate code table 5Q7, in the ItG 5G4, determines which rate code corresponds to the selected data rate within the rate set. An example of a rate code is reverse rate indicator (delete) information used in various third generation (3G) wireless communication networks. The receiver of the final frame will use the rate code as the reverse rate message&apos; to select a particular data rate from the identified set of rates. The executed frame combiner module 5G8 then combines the frames using at least the associated pilot frequency code and sends the frame to the appropriate access node at the selected f rate. If the plain 1 is used as the information packet of the same information packet or the pin (4), the process will be repeated for the new frame. Once the mobile device (such as access terminal 5) transmits the frame configured in accordance with the teachings shown in Figure 5, the receiving access node will receive the frame and begin processing. Figure 6 is an operational block diagram illustrating an exemplary operational block implemented in one embodiment of the present teachings. In block 600, a frame transmitted from the mobile device is received. In block 6〇丨, the pilot frequency k number in the frame is detected. In block 602, a pilot frequency signal is used to distinguish at least one of the plurality of rate sets. In block 603, the reverse rate information within the frame is decoded. In block 6.4, the decoded data rate is selected within the differentiated rate set using the decoded reverse rate information. In block 〇5, the data in the frame is decoded based on the selected data rate. FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating an access node (AN) 70 configured in accordance with one embodiment of the present teachings. The access node 7A includes a processor 7A, a modulator/demodulation stomach (mo/dem) 701, a transceiver 702 that operates in conjunction with the antenna array 7A, and a storage memory 7〇4. The processor 7 is coupled, directly or indirectly, to the mo/dem 701, the transceiver 7〇2, the antenna array 7〇3, and the storage memory 704, and controls the operation of the component parts to facilitate the function of the access node 7〇 . Access node 70 can be any type of access node, including terrestrial nodes or satellite nodes. The rate detection module 705 is stored in the storage memory 7〇4. When executed by the processor 700, the rate detection module 7〇5 processes the frames received from the associated mobile device. The executed rate detecting module 7〇5 analyzes the received signal by using the pilot signal of the received frame, and the rate detecting module 705 executes the pilot signal table stored in the storage memory 7〇4. 22 201125308, to determine which rate set is associated with a particular pilot-measured pilot signal. The data capture rate of the received frame is within the rate set. The storage memory 704 also stores the decoder module 7〇9, which, when executed by the processor 7〇〇, decodes the reverse rate money line obtained by the tangled message. When the reverse message appears to be reliable, the executed rate detection module 705 accesses the reverse rate 纟 707 and the rate set table stored in the storage memory 7 〇 4, and selects the identified rate set. The specific data rate within. Once the data rate is established, the executed decoder module 709 uses the identified data rate to decode the information from the frame. FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating an access node 8A configured in accordance with one embodiment of the present teachings. Access node 80 performs its operations in accordance with embodiments of the present teachings via a combination of hardware and software components. For example, the radio frame signal 8"" is transmitted by the worker. The RF signals of the radio frame signal 8〇〇 collide with the hardware antenna array 80丨 to generate various modes flowing through the antenna array 8〇1. The current and/or voltage, the modes include the received radio frame signal 800. The transceiver circuit 802 detects and amplifies the electrical signal present on the antenna array 8.1 and adjusts the adjusted radio frame signal to 8 The 〇 is passed to the mixer 8〇 3. The mixer 803 is directed to the pilot signal in the radio frame signal 800 by mixing the radio frame signal 8〇〇 with a specific reference signal from the signal generator 804. The signal is modulated. When mixed with the transmitted signal from the network, a specific reference signal is known for generating the pilot signal. 23 201125308 After the pilot 803 generates the pilot signal, 'will The pilot signal is stored in a register of a plurality of registers 850. The processor 708 accesses the register 805 to obtain the pilot signal and uses the comparator circuit 812 to direct the accumulated measurements. Frequency signal and stored in The pilot frequency signal data in the pilot frequency signal table 809 is compared in the memory 8-8. The pilot frequency signal table 809 maintains a list of different pilot frequency signals indexed relative to a particular rate set. The rate set is available for the wireless communication network. A set of specific data rates. Once comparator circuit 812 and processor 807 have determined the matched pilot signal, the flag for the particular rate set is stored in a register in register 805. Is a flag, variable value, etc. The transceiver circuit 802 provides a copy of the received radio frame signal 8 给 to one or more decoder circuits 806. The specific decoder circuit 8 〇 6 receives the radio frame signal 8 The replica of the UI, and receiving, from the processor 8〇7, a signal for decoding based on the data rate provided in the identified set of rates, the combination of the L numbers in the decoder circuit 8〇6 causing the pair to be in the wireless The reverse rate information encoded by the frame signal towel is decoded. The obtained reverse rate information is also stored in a temporary register in the register 8G5. The processor 807 is temporarily suspended. The device 8〇5 obtains the reverse rate information after the solution, and uses the information to access the rate set database 810 stored in the memory 808. The rate collection database 810 will be available to each wireless communication network. The set σ 〃, each individual data rate contained within such a rate set is maintained together. The processor m first selects which rate set flag to be selected based on the (four) leading frequency symbols. For example, processor 807 makes 24 201125308 uses the rate aggregation information to select a particular rate set (rate set table 8〇9) within the rate set database 8ig. When the processor determines the location of the identified rate set table 809, it is subsequently used by the decoder circuit _ The inverse rate information of the solution is used as a prime for identifying the specific data rate contained by the rate set table 809. Once the processor 8G7 recognizes the particular data rate, the signal for decoding based on the particular data rate is provided to the decoder circuit 806 for decoding the data. In view of the payload from the radio frame signal 800, it should be noted that additional and/or alternative embodiments of the present teachings may implement all or any number of hardware functions of the access point. For example, the software can be used to implement the functions of the decoder circuit 〇6, the comparator circuit ^]. When the signal is decoded in the software, the code is executed to convert the electrical signal of the signal to be decoded into its mathematical representation. It is well known in the art. Various mathematical processing can then be applied to the signal representation to obtain the decoded signal value. The decoded value can be stored as data on memory 808 or converted to an electrical signal for further hardware processing. Similarly, comparison logic is well known in the art. The conversion of the electrical signal to its mathematical representation compares the table # with other mathematical representations stored in the memory module. Thus, such additional and/or alternative embodiments are not limited to decoding and comparison via hardware circuitry. The methods described herein can be implemented in a variety of ways depending on the application. For example, the methods can be practiced in hardware, firmware, software, or any combination of the above. For the hardware implementation, the processing unit can be implemented in one or more special application products by executing the code defining the force. 201125308 body circuits (ASICs), digital one-port broken processors (DSPs) , Mathematical Devices (DSPDs), 葙々w digital k-gate arrays (FPGAs), processors, now % program Leizizaki borrowing controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, tweezers, Designed for Bo

Other electronic devices of the functions described herein or combinations of the above. Danta Electronic Soap 7C for Lexus and / or Soft Body 2~ ^ + &quot; In fact, these methods can be performed by means of a code module that performs the functions described herein, and (for example, programs, Function, etc.) to implement. Any machine readable medium that tangibly implements code instructions can be used

For example, the method described herein can be stored in a memory file and executed by the processor unit &gt; The memory can be implemented in the processor unit or outside the unit (4). The term "memory" is used herein to mean any type of long-term, short-term, volatile, non-volatile or other memory' and is not limited to any particular type of memory or "in the case of a hidden body" It is not limited to the type of media in which the memory is stored. If implemented in a Lecture and/or Software, these functions may be stored as one or more instructions or code on a computer readable medium. Examples include computer readable media encoded with a data structure and computer readable media encoded with a computer program. Computer readable media includes physical computer storage media. The storage medium can be any available media that the computer can access. By way of example, but not limitation, such computer readable medium may include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, disk storage or other magnetic storage device, or may be used for instruction or The data structure is used to store the desired code and any other media that can be accessed by the computer; the disks and CDs used in this article include compact disc (CD), 26 201125308 laser disc, also hanging, first disc, digital versatile disc ( DVD), floppy disk and Blu-ray disc, φ # . π , ", often reproduces data in magnetic form, and the disc uses radium to reproduce data. The above combination should also be included in the scope of computer readable media. In addition to being stored on a computer readable medium, instructions and/or data may be provided as signals on a transmission medium included in the communication device. The communication device may include a transceiver having signals indicative of instructions and data. The instructions and materials are configured to enable - or multiple processors to implement the functions outlined in the claims. Figure 9 illustrates an exemplary computer system 9 that can be used The operations in the base station and the base station in accordance with certain embodiments are implemented. A central processing unit ("cpu" or "processor") 901 is coupled to the system bus 9s2. Cpu 9〇1 can be any general purpose processor. The present disclosure is not limited by the architecture of the CPU 9 (or other components of the exemplary computer system 900) as long as the CPU 901 (and other components of the computer system 900) support the inventive operations described herein. Thus, cpu 9〇1 can provide processing to computer system 9 via one or more processors or processor cores. The various logic instructions described herein can be executed. For example, cpu 9〇1 may execute machine level instructions in accordance with the exemplary operational blocks described above in connection with Figures 4 and 6. When executing instructions representing the operational blocks shown in Figures 4 and 6, the CPU 901 becomes a dedicated processor of a dedicated computing platform that is specifically configured to operate in accordance with various embodiments of the teachings described herein. Computer system 900 also includes random access memory (RAM) 9〇3, which 27 201125308

It can be SRAM, DRAM, SDRAM, etc. The computer system 9 includes a 〇 己 体 (R〇M) 904, which may be pR 〇 M, EpR 〇 M, EEpR 〇 M, and the like. RAM 903 and R〇M 904 store user and system data and procedures&apos; which are well known in the art. The computer system 900 also includes an input/output (1/〇) adapter 9〇5, a communication adapter 91, a user interface adapter 9〇8, and a display adapter 9〇9. I/O adapter 905, user interface adapter 9 8 and/or communication adapter 911 may, in some embodiments, enable a user to interact with computer system 9 to enter information. I/O adapter 905 connects storage device 〇6 (such as one or more of a hard disk, compact disc (CD) drive, floppy disk drive, tape drive, etc.) to computer system 900. In addition to RAM 9〇3, storage devices are also utilized for memory requirements associated with saving view rate detection modules and the like. Communication adapter 911 is used to couple computer system 9 to network 912, and communication adapter 911 can enable information to be transmitted via network 912 (eg, the Internet or other wide area network, regional network, public or private) The switched telephone network, the wireless network, any combination of the foregoing) are input to and/or output from the computer system 900. The user interface adapter 9〇8 couples user input devices (such as keyboard 913, pointing device 9〇7 and microphone 9U) and/or output devices (such as speaker 915) to computer system 900. Display adapter 9〇9 is driven by cpU9〇1 or graphics processing unit (Gpu) 916 to control the display on display device 91〇. The Gpu 9i6 can be any of a variety of processors dedicated to graphics processing, and the GPU 916 as illustrated can be comprised of - or a plurality of separate graphics processors. 28 201125308 (d) 916 processes the graphics instructions and sends them to the display adapter 9〇9. The display adapter 909 sends the instructions in a step-by-step manner to convert or operate the states of the various numbers of primitives used by the display device 91 to visually present the desired information to the user. The instructions include instructions for changing the state from on to off, setting a particular color, intensity, duration, and the like. Each such instruction constitutes a graphical display instruction that controls how the display device 910 displays and displays what content. Although the present teachings and the advantages thereof have been described in detail, it is understood that various changes, substitutions and modifications can be made herein without departing from the teachings of the invention as defined in the appended claims. In addition, the scope of the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the processes, machines, articles, combinations of materials, components, methods and steps described in the specification. As will be readily appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art from this disclosure, the processes, machines, and processes developed in the present or later, which perform the same functions or substantially the same results as the embodiments described herein, can be utilized in accordance with the present teachings. Article, substance combination, component, method or procedure. Accordingly, the appended claims are intended to include such a process, machine, article, material combination, component, method, or step. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS For a more complete understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the above description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. 1 illustrates a block diagram of an exemplary hybrid terrestrial-satellite communication system (HCS) that may utilize embodiments of the present teachings. 29 201125308 - FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating the structure of a reverse traffic channel (RTC) used in a satellite communication system in accordance with an embodiment of the present teachings. Figure 3A is a block diagram illustrating a frame configured in accordance with one embodiment of the present teachings. Figure 3B is a block diagram illustrating a frame configured in accordance with one embodiment of the present teachings. 4 is an operational block diagram illustrating exemplary operational blocks implemented in the embodiments of the present teachings. FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating an access terminal (AT) configured in accordance with one embodiment of the present teachings. Figure 6 is an operational block diagram illustrating exemplary operational blocks implemented in the embodiments of the present teachings. Figure 7 is a block diagram illustrating an access node (AN) configured in accordance with one embodiment of the present teachings. FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating an access node (AN) configured in accordance with one embodiment of the present teachings. Figure 9 illustrates an exemplary computer system that can be used to implement operations in a base station and a base station in accordance with certain embodiments. [Main component symbol description] 10 20 30 31 Hybrid terrestrial-satellite communication system (HCS) Reverse traffic channel (RTC) frame 30 201125308 50 70 80 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 200 201 202 203 204 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 Access Terminal (AT) Access Node (AN) Access Node Access Terminal (AT) Land Base Station Satellite Forward Link (FL) Reverse Key (RL)

RL

FL pilot channel media access control (MAC) channel reverse rate indicator (RRI) channel quality control measurement (QCM) index data channel block with two RRI symbols block with two data symbols single pilot frequency Symbol block seven symbol data block single pilot frequency symbol block seven symbol data block single pilot frequency symbol block seven symbol data block single pilot frequency symbol block 31 201125308 309 3 10 311 312 3 13 314 315 316 3 17 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 400 401 402 403 Seven-symbol data block single pilot frequency symbol block seven symbol data block single pilot frequency symbol block single data symbol block block with two CQI symbols Block with single RRI symbol single pilot frequency symbol block seven data symbol block single pilot frequency symbol block seven data symbol block single pilot frequency symbol block seven data symbol block single pilot frequency symbol block seven data symbols Block single pilot symbol block, block with six data symbols, block with one CQI symbol, single pilot symbol block, block with three CQI symbols Square block 32 201125308 404 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 509 509 600 601 602 603 604 605 700 701 702 703 704 705 706 Square processor modulator / demodulator (mo / dem) transceiver antenna array storage memory signal Analyzer Module Pilot Signal Table Rate Code Table Frame Combiner Module Rate Set Table Block Square Block Square Block Processor Modulator/Demodulator (mo/dem) Transceiver Antenna Array Memory Memory Rate Detection Mode Group pilot signal table 33 201125308 707 708 709 800 801 802 803 804 805 806 807 808 809 810 812 900 901 903 904 905 906 907 908 909 Reverse rate table rate set table decoder module radio frame signal hardware antenna array Transceiver circuit mixer signal generator register decoder circuit processor memory

Pilot signal table rate set database comparator circuit computer system CPU random access memory (RAM) read-only memory (ROM) input / output (I / O) adapter storage device pointing device interface adapter display Connector 34 201125308 . 910 Display Device 911 Communication Adapter 912 Network 913 Keyboard 914 Microphone 915 Speaker 916 Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) 35

Claims (1)

201125308 VII. Patent Application Range: A method for transmitting reverse link data rate information in a wireless communication system, the method comprising the steps of: determining a data rate of reverse link transmission; distinguishing from at least two Selecting a first pilot frequency number from the pilot signal, wherein the selected first pilot frequency signal comprises at least one rate set from the plurality of rate sets, the at least one rate set including the determined data rate Deriving a "rate code" identifying the determined data rate; using the first pilot signal and the derived rate code to form a reverse link frame; and transmitting the reverse link frame To an access node of the wireless communication system. _ β The method of item 1, the further step comprising the following steps: · "Send the data step and add the data and quality control measurement (π%) information to the reverse link frame. 3 _ § The green item 1 $ ', + ', which constitutes a data packet of a transmission packet, requires a plurality of frames to be given, and the method further includes the following steps: adding the rate code to at least - an additional reverse Each of the at least one additional reverse link frame of the key path frame has the data of the transport packet. 36 201125308 a pilot frequency signal and the complex number in the plurality of rate sets, wherein a second pilot frequency signal sets the complex rate rate to the plurality of rate sets. 5. The method of claim 4, the rate set Each of the other sets of rates in a third is distinguished. 6 _ as claimed in claim 1 &gt; ±, ±_, <万法' wherein the wireless communication system comprises one of the following systems: a terrestrial system; a satellite system; and a hybrid terrestrial-satellite system. 7. A method for decoding reverse link data transmission in a wireless communication system, the method comprising the steps of: receiving a frame transmitted by a mobile device; detecting a pilot signal within the frame Distinguishing at least one of the plurality of available rate sets from at least one other of the plurality of available rate sets based on the detected pilot frequency signal; reversing within the frame Rate information is decoded; selecting one of the data rates in the reduced rate set based on the decoded reverse rate information; and 37 201125308 decoding the data in the frame according to the selected data rate. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the detected pilot signal is one of a plurality of available pilot signals. 9. The method of claim 8 wherein the detected pilot signal distinguishes a single one of the plurality of available rate sets, wherein the single rate set includes a plurality of data rates, the plurality of data rates being higher than The data rate of the additional set of rates in the plurality of available rate sets. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the single rate set is associated with the reverse link data transmission, and the reverse link data transmission is assigned two frequency division multiplexing (FDM) channels. 11. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of distinguishing comprises the step of: locating two of the plurality of available rate sets based on the pilot frequency signal, a rate set σ α of the plurality of available rate sets At least one other rate set is distinguished. The method of ~ further includes the following steps: A plurality of rate sets are used to distinguish the at least one rate set from the two one rate set distinguished by the pilot frequency signal and one of the two rate sets. 38 201125308 13. The method of claim 7, further comprising: at least one additional frame from the line::: before the step of = data rate, wherein the frame and the to &quot;, οβ, ~ An additional frame bridge into an early data packet 'and wherein the configuration>, a fixed frame of the parent frame includes a copy of the reverse rate information; each of the reverse rate information The replica is co-ordinated to reduce noise in the reverse rate information; and in response to arranging each of the replicas to identify the reverse. The method of claim 7 wherein the wireless communication system comprises one of: a terrestrial system; a satellite system; and a hybrid terrestrial-satellite system. 15. An access node of a wireless communication system, the access node comprising: a processor; a modulator/demodulator that is coupled to the processor; a transceiver coupled to the processor; An antenna array coupled to the transceiver; a library memory coupled to the processor; a rate prediction module 'stored in the storage memory' wherein the processor is executed by the 39 201125308 When the rate detection module configures the access node to perform the following operations: the read-test-received frame-lead frequency signal; and the identification and the detected pilot frequency At least a rate set associated with the signal; and a codec module 'stored in the storage memory, wherein when executed by the device, the decoder module further configures the access node to perform the following Operation: _ decoding the reverse rate information of the received frame. The execution rate detection module further configures the access node to use the decoded reverse (four) information to identify the At least - a rate set A data rate; and the use of the identification data rate for decoding the data information box. 6. An access node as in claim 15 wherein the wireless communication system comprises one of: a terrestrial system; a satellite system; and - a hybrid terrestrial-satellite system Q 17. a computer readable medium The program code stored thereon includes: a code for receiving a frame sent by a mobile device; a code for detecting a pilot signal in the frame; 40 201125308 for a code that distinguishes at least one of the plurality of available rate sets from at least one other of the plurality of available rate sets based on the detected pilot signal; for use in the frame a code for decoding the reverse rate information; a code for selecting a data rate of the at least one rate set based on the decoded reverse rate information; and for transmitting the data according to the selected data rate The code in the box for decoding. 18. The computer readable medium of claim 17, wherein the derived pilot frequency (four) is one of a plurality of available frequency signals. The computer of the static 18 can read the media, wherein the detected guidance 2: the second rate of the available rate set - the single rate set data rate == includes a plurality of data rates, the plurality of combinations The additional rate set in the plurality of available arrest rate sets is associated with the reverse link resources, which are associated with the transmission of the two ports, and are assigned two indiums, /3, etc. Link a scalloped multiplex (FDM) channel. 21. If the request item code comprises: 17 computer readable medium, wherein the process is used for distinguishing 201125308 - for combining the two rate sets of the plurality of available rate sets based on the pilot frequency signal A code that is distinguished by the at least one other of the plurality of available rate sets. 22. The computer readable medium of claim 21, further comprising: for blind detection of the frame to a first rate set of the two rate sets distinguished by the pilot signal Between the second rate set of the two rate sets, the code of the at least one rate set is discernible. 23. The computer readable medium of claim I, further comprising: The code of the data rate is previously executed to receive at least one additional frame code from the mobile device, wherein the frame and the at least one additional frame form a single data packet, and wherein the at least one additional message Each of the frames includes a copy of the reverse rate information; a coherent combination for each of the copies of the reverse rate information to reduce the code of the noise in the reverse rate information; and for responding A code for identifying the reverse rate information is executed for execution of the code for co-modulating the combination of each of the duplicates. 24. The computer readable medium of claim 17, wherein the wireless communication system comprises one of: a terrestrial system; 42 201125308 - a satellite system; and, a hybrid terrestrial-satellite system. 25. A system for decoding a reverse link data transmission in a wireless communication system, the system comprising: means for receiving a frame transmitted by a mobile device; for detecting the frame a component of a pilot signal; for summing a plurality of available rate sets based on the detected pilot signal; a rate set and a sum of the plurality of available rate sets; one other rate set a component that is used to decode the reverse rate information in the frame; and is configured to select one of the at least one rate set σ based on the decoded reverse speed 资讯+ information a component of the data rate; and means for decoding the data in the item frame based on the selected data rate. 43