201117894 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種成形裝置’詳言之，係關於一種金屬 板件成形裝置。 【先前技術】 參考圖1 ’其顯不習知技術成形一金屬板件之示意圖。 在該習知技術中，其係以一均勻之電磁力F1驅使一金屬板 件1衝擊貼合一模具2之成形面，其中該成形面具有複數個 凸部21及複數個凹部22 ^成形過程中，該金屬板件1會先 接觸該等凸部21，而該等凸部21會產生一相同大小之反作 用力F2 ’然後部分金屬板件1再變形引伸至該等凹部22。 然而，因為該金屬板件1之所有區域皆受到均勻之電磁力 F1 ’部分金屬板件1在引伸至該等凹部22時，會受到該等 凸部21位置之電磁力F1及反作用力F2之作用，而產生嚴重 的侧向拘束力F3，因此無法成形出具有較高深寬比之圖樣 結構。 另外，美國專利公告第7076981號揭示利用電磁成形製 程成形一雙極板之方法。該專利中之胚料為金屬板材，因 此金屬板材與導引框架需藉由外力強壓接觸，以形成感應 渦電流迴路，在脈衝電流感應過程中，會產生跳火放電的 問題，這對量產而言是一大致命傷。此外，由於胚料之兩 端被限制住，因此成形時拉料會受到拘束，造成胚料斷裂 引起電弧的發生。 又，美國專利公告第7η8374號揭示利用沖壓製程製作 143873.doc.doc 201117894 雙極板之方法。該專利中係藉由模具結構設計，在成形過 程中控制板材之應力分布，以提升整體成形效果。然而， 該專利方法之缺點為：成形之雙極板局部減薄率高，及胚 料未完全貼模故流道尺寸精度不佳。 因此’實有必要提供一種創新且具進步性的金屬板件成 形裝置’以解決上述問題。 【發明内容】 本發明長：供一種金屬板件成形裝置，其包括：一模具及 電磁產生裝置。該模具具有一成形面，該成形面具有一 圖樣結構，該圖樣結構包括至少一高部及至少一低部。該 電磁產生裝置具有一板狀電磁線圈，用以產生一磁場該 板狀電磁線圈與該模具間隔一間隙，該間隙係用以置放一 金屬板材，該板狀電磁線圈具有一成形區域，該成形區域 内具有對應該圖樣結構之一特徵結構，使得相對該至少一 咼部位置之金屬板材與該板狀電磁線圈之間產生一較小之 互斥電磁力，且相對該至少—低部位置之金屬板材與該板 狀電磁線圈之間產生一較大之互斥電磁力。 藉此，本發明之金屬板件成形裝置具有以下優點： 1. 根據該成形面之圖樣結構之幾何形狀設計該板狀電 磁線圈，可於設定位置產生強弱不同之電磁力，減 少成形過程中胚料（該金屬板件）受到之側向拘束力， 以製造出深寬比更高之設定圖樣。 2. 藉由該電磁產生裝置產生一接近靜液壓之高速成形 力，可提升胚料之成形性且降低胚料之減薄率，同 143873.doc.doc 201117894 時可減少殘留應力造成之翹曲問題。 3.該板狀電磁線圈之結構簡單，且具有較低之電阻及 電感值，故在相同之脈衝能量下，可產生更高之一 次電流值。 4·該板狀電磁線圈不需與胚料緊密壓接，可以完全避 免跳火放電的問題。 【實施方式】 圖2顯示本發明金屬板件成形裝置之第一實施例之示意 圖；圖3顯示本發明板狀電磁線圈之第一實施例之示意 圖。配合參考圖2及圖3’該金屬板件成形裝置3包括一模 具30及一電磁產生裝置40。該模具30具有一成形面31，該 成形面3 1具有一圖樣結構3 11 ’該圖樣結構3 11係包括至少 一高部312及至少一低部313。在本實施例中，該圖樣結構 311係包括複數個高部（突起結構）312及複數個低部（凹槽結 構）3 13，以形成一凹凸結構。 該電磁產生裝置40具有一固定座41及一板狀電磁線圈 42 ’用以產生一磁場。在本實施例中，該板狀電磁線圈42 之材質係可為金、銀、銅、鋁及其等組成之合金，或者為 包含金、銀、銅或鋁之複合材料，或者為超導材料 (superconductor)。該固定座41用以固定該板狀電磁線圈 42 ’且用以承受該板狀電磁線圈42之反作用力。該固定座 41係為絕緣材料’較佳地，該固定座41之材質為工程塑膠 或玻纖樹脂，但不限定為該等材料。其中，該固定座41具 有一凹部411 ’該凹部411之形狀係配合該板狀電磁線圈42 143873.doc.doc 201117894 之形狀，用以容設該板狀電磁線圈42。 該板狀電磁線圈42與該模具30間隔一間隙，該間隙係用 以置放一金屬板材5。其中，該板狀電磁線圈42具有一成 形區域421，在本實施例中，該板狀電磁線圈42係為E形板 狀線圈’且該成形區域421係位於E形板狀線圈之中央板 體。該成形區域421内具有對應該圖樣結構3丨丨之一特徵結 構422，使得相對該至少一高部312位置之金屬板材5與該 板狀電磁線圈42之間產生一較小之互斥電磁力，且相對該 至少一低部3 13位置之金屬板材5與該板狀電磁線圈42之間 產生一較大之互斥電磁力。 在本實施例中，該特徵結構422係包括一第一部分423及 一第二部分424，該第一部分423係為貫穿該板狀電磁線圈 42之複數個細長形貫孔’該第二部分424係為複數個平板 結構，且5亥等貫孔係位於該等平板結構之間，其中，在圖 2中係僅以二個貫孔（第一部分423)及三個平板結構（第二部 分424)不意，且在本實施例中該板狀電磁線圈42之中間板 之電抓方向係為射出紙面之方向，而該板狀電磁線圈之 一侧板之電机方向係為進入紙面之方向。每一貫孔係對應 該圖樣結構3U之每一高部312 ’每一平板結構係對應該圖 樣結構3 11之每一低部313。 要庄思的疋，在其他應用中，該板狀電磁線圈U之成形 區域41之帛彳分423係可為未貫穿該板狀電磁線圈42之 至夕、、田長形槽口，該成形區域41之第二部分424係為平 板結構，如圖4所示。 143873.doc.doc 201117894 當一脈衝電流流經該板狀電磁線圈42時，該板狀電磁線 圈42與該金屬板材5之間會產生一互斥電磁力，該互斥電 磁力驅使該金屬板材5貼合該圖樣結構311，以於該金屬板 材5成形出相應該圖樣結構3丨丨之一設定圖樣5丨。其中，依 據該圖樣結構311所具有之不同圖樣，可成形出不同之設 定圖樣（如圖5A及5B所示之直線流道及蜿蜒流道）。 配合參考圖2及圖6，其中，位於該等貫孔（第一部分 423) 相對位置’該板狀電磁線圈42與該金屬板材$之間會 產生較小之互斥電磁力，而位於該等平板結構（第二部分 424) 相對位置，該板狀電磁線圈42與該金屬板材5之間會 產生較大之互斥電磁力。亦即，該互斥電磁力驅使該金屬 板材5貼合該圖樣結構3丨丨時，該金屬板材5位於該等高部 312相對位置具有較小之成形力，而該金屬板材5位於該等 低部313相對位置具有較大之成形力量。 在相對該等高部312位置（即相對該等第一部分423位置） 之金屬板材5具有較小之成形力情況下，當該金屬板材5受 力變形而貼合該圖樣結構3丨〗時，相對該等低部3丨3位置之 金屬板材5會受到較小之側向拘束力，故該金屬板材5不易 斷裂局部減薄率低’且可完全貼合該圖樣結構川，故 尺寸精度#又佳。並且，該金屬板材5成形後之該設定圖樣 5 1(如圖5 A及5B)具有較高之深寬比。 圖7顯示本發明金屬板件成形裝置之第二實施例之示意 圖。本實施例之金屬板件成形裝置6與第一實施例之金屬 板件成开H_3(圖2)大致相同，其不同處在於板狀電磁線 143873.doc.doc 201117894 圈62之結構。在本實施例中’該板狀電磁線圈62之成形區 域621之第一部分622係為至少一凹下結構，該第二部分 623係為至少一凸起結構。其他與第一實施例之金屬板件 成形裝置3相同部分係以相同元件符號表示，且在此不再 加以贅述。 在本實施例中，互斥電磁力驅使該金屬板材5貼合該圖 樣結構311時’該金屬板材5位於該等高部312相對位置（即 相對該等凹下結構位置）具有較小之成形力，而該金屬板 材5位於該等低部313相對位置（即相對該等凸起結構位置） 具有較大之成形力量。 在相對該等高部312位置之金屬板材5具有較小之成形力 情況下’當該金屬板材5受力變形而貼合該圖樣結構311 時’相對該等低部313位置之金屬板材5會受到較小之侧向 拘束力，故該金屬板材5不易斷裂、局部減薄率低，且可 元王貼合该圖樣結構311 ’故尺寸精度較佳。並且，該金 屬板材5成形後之該設定圖樣51(如圖5A及5B)具有較高之 深寬比。 本發明之金屬板件成形裝置具有以下優點： 1. 根據該成形面之圖樣結構之幾何形狀設計該板狀電 磁線圈，可於設定位置產生強弱不同之電磁力，減 少成形過程中胚料（該金屬板件）受到之側向拘束力， 以製造出深寬比更高之設定圖樣。 2. 藉由該電磁產生裝置產生一接近靜液壓之高速成形 力，可提升胚料之成形性且降低胚料之減薄率，同 143873.doc.doc 201117894 時可減少殘留應力造成之翹1曲問題。 3. 該板狀電磁線圈之結構簡單，且具有較低之電阻及 電感值，故在相同之脈衝能量下，可產生更高之— 次電流值。 4. 該板狀電磁線圈不需與胚料緊密壓接，可以完全避 免跳火放電的問題。 上述實施例僅為說明本發明之原理及其功效，並非限制 本發明。因此習於此技術之人士對上述實施例進行修改及 變化仍不脫本發明之精神。本發明之權利範圍應如後述之 申請專利範圍所列。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1顯示習知技術成形一金屬板件之示意圖； 圖2顯示本發明第一實施例之金屬板件成形裝置之示意 rgi · 圖， 圖3顯示本發明第一實施例之板狀電磁線圈之示意圖； 圖4顯示本發明板狀電磁線圈之另一態樣之示意圖； 圖5 A及5B顯示本發明形成於金屬板材之設定圖樣之示 意圖； 圖6顯示本發明成形金屬板件之動作示意圖；及 圖7顯示本發明第二實施例之金屬板件成形裝置之示意 圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 習知之金屬板件 2 模具 [ 143873.doc.doc 201117894 3 本發明第一實 5 金屬板件 6 本發明第二實 21 凸部 22 凹部 30 模具 施例之金屬板件成形裝置 施例之金屬板件成形裝置 31 40 41201117894 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a forming apparatus, and more particularly to a metal sheet forming apparatus. [Prior Art] A schematic view of forming a metal plate member by referring to Fig. 1'. In the prior art, a uniform electromagnetic force F1 is used to drive a metal plate member 1 to impact the forming surface of a mold 2, wherein the forming surface has a plurality of convex portions 21 and a plurality of concave portions 22. The metal plate member 1 first contacts the convex portions 21, and the convex portions 21 generate a reaction force F2' of the same magnitude and then the partial metal plate member 1 is deformed and extended to the concave portions 22. However, since all the regions of the metal plate member 1 are subjected to a uniform electromagnetic force F1 'the partial metal plate member 1 is extended to the concave portions 22, the electromagnetic force F1 and the reaction force F2 at the positions of the convex portions 21 are received. The effect is that a serious lateral restraint force F3 is generated, so that a pattern structure having a high aspect ratio cannot be formed. Further, U.S. Patent No. 7,076,981 discloses a method of forming a bipolar plate by an electromagnetic forming process. The billet in the patent is a metal sheet, so the metal sheet and the guiding frame need to be in strong pressure contact by an external force to form an induced eddy current loop, which causes a problem of flashover discharge during the pulse current sensing process, which is mass production. It is a fatal injury. In addition, since both ends of the billet are restrained, the pulling material is restrained during forming, causing the occurrence of an electric arc due to breakage of the billet. Further, U.S. Patent Publication No. 7 η 8 874 discloses a method of producing a bipolar plate by a stamping process using 143873.doc.doc 201117894. In this patent, the mold structure is designed to control the stress distribution of the sheet during the forming process to enhance the overall forming effect. However, the disadvantages of this patented method are that the formed bipolar plate has a high local thinning rate and the billet is not completely pasted, so that the dimensional accuracy of the flow path is not good. Therefore, it is necessary to provide an innovative and progressive metal sheet forming apparatus to solve the above problems. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to a metal sheet forming apparatus comprising: a mold and an electromagnetic generating device. The mold has a forming surface having a pattern structure including at least one upper portion and at least one lower portion. The electromagnetic generating device has a plate-shaped electromagnetic coil for generating a magnetic field. The plate-shaped electromagnetic coil is spaced apart from the mold by a gap for laying a metal plate. The plate-shaped electromagnetic coil has a forming region. The forming region has a feature corresponding to one of the pattern structures such that a small mutual electromagnetic force is generated between the metal plate and the plate-shaped electromagnetic coil relative to the at least one crotch position, and the at least-lower position is opposite to the position A large mutual electromagnetic force is generated between the metal plate and the plate-shaped electromagnetic coil. Therefore, the metal sheet forming apparatus of the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The plate-shaped electromagnetic coil is designed according to the geometry of the pattern structure of the forming surface, and the electromagnetic force with different strengths and weaknesses can be generated at the set position, and the embryo in the forming process is reduced. The material (the metal plate) is subjected to the lateral restraining force to produce a setting pattern having a higher aspect ratio. 2. By the electromagnetic generating device, a high-speed forming force close to hydrostatic pressure is generated, which can improve the formability of the billet and reduce the thinning rate of the billet, and can reduce the warpage caused by residual stress with 143873.doc.doc 201117894 problem. 3. The plate-shaped electromagnetic coil has a simple structure and a low resistance and inductance value, so that a higher current value can be generated under the same pulse energy. 4. The plate-shaped electromagnetic coil does not need to be tightly pressed against the billet, and the problem of flashover discharge can be completely avoided. [Embodiment] Fig. 2 is a view showing a first embodiment of a metal plate forming apparatus of the present invention; and Fig. 3 is a view showing a first embodiment of a plate electromagnetic coil of the present invention. Referring to Figures 2 and 3', the sheet metal forming apparatus 3 includes a mold 30 and an electromagnetic generating unit 40. The mold 30 has a forming surface 31 having a pattern structure 3 11 '. The pattern structure 3 11 includes at least one upper portion 312 and at least one lower portion 313. In the present embodiment, the pattern structure 311 includes a plurality of high portions (protrusion structures) 312 and a plurality of lower portions (groove structures) 313 to form a concave-convex structure. The electromagnetic generating device 40 has a fixing base 41 and a plate-shaped electromagnetic coil 42' for generating a magnetic field. In this embodiment, the material of the plate-shaped electromagnetic coil 42 may be an alloy of gold, silver, copper, aluminum, and the like, or a composite material containing gold, silver, copper or aluminum, or a superconducting material. (superconductor). The fixing base 41 is for fixing the plate-shaped electromagnetic coil 42' and for receiving the reaction force of the plate-shaped electromagnetic coil 42. The fixing base 41 is made of an insulating material. Preferably, the fixing base 41 is made of engineering plastic or glass fiber resin, but is not limited to these materials. The fixing portion 41 has a concave portion 411'. The shape of the concave portion 411 is matched with the shape of the plate-shaped electromagnetic coil 42 143873.doc.doc 201117894 for accommodating the plate-shaped electromagnetic coil 42. The plate-shaped electromagnetic coil 42 is spaced apart from the mold 30 by a gap for placing a metal plate 5. The plate-shaped electromagnetic coil 42 has a forming region 421. In the embodiment, the plate-shaped electromagnetic coil 42 is an E-shaped plate-shaped coil 'and the forming region 421 is located at the central plate of the E-shaped plate-shaped coil. . The forming region 421 has a feature structure 422 corresponding to the pattern structure 3 such that a small mutual electromagnetic force is generated between the metal sheet 5 opposite to the at least one high portion 312 and the plate-shaped electromagnetic coil 42. And a large mutual electromagnetic force is generated between the metal plate 5 at the position of the at least one lower portion 3 13 and the plate-shaped electromagnetic coil 42. In the present embodiment, the feature structure 422 includes a first portion 423 and a second portion 424. The first portion 423 is a plurality of elongated through holes that extend through the plate-shaped electromagnetic coil 42. a plurality of flat plate structures, and 5 mile equal-holes are located between the flat structures, wherein in FIG. 2, only two through holes (first portion 423) and three flat structures (second portion 424) are used. It is not intended that, in the present embodiment, the direction of the middle plate of the plate-shaped electromagnetic coil 42 is the direction in which the paper surface is ejected, and the direction of the motor of one of the side plates of the plate-shaped electromagnetic coil is in the direction of entering the paper surface. Each of the uniform holes corresponds to each of the upper portions 313 of the pattern structure 3U, and each of the flat structures corresponds to each of the lower portions 313 of the pattern structure 3 11 . In other applications, the 423 of the forming region 41 of the plate-shaped electromagnetic coil U may be an elongated slot that does not penetrate the plate-shaped electromagnetic coil 42. The second portion 424 of the region 41 is a flat plate structure as shown in FIG. 143873.doc.doc 201117894 When a pulse current flows through the plate-shaped electromagnetic coil 42, a mutually exclusive electromagnetic force is generated between the plate-shaped electromagnetic coil 42 and the metal plate 5, and the mutually exclusive electromagnetic force drives the metal plate. 5, the pattern structure 311 is attached to the metal sheet 5 to form a setting pattern 5 of the corresponding pattern structure 3丨丨. According to different patterns of the pattern structure 311, different setting patterns (such as the straight flow path and the choke flow path shown in Figs. 5A and 5B) can be formed. Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 6 , in the opposite positions of the through holes (the first portion 423 ), a small mutual electromagnetic force is generated between the plate-shaped electromagnetic coil 42 and the metal plate $, and is located at the same position. The relative position of the flat plate structure (second portion 424) causes a large mutual repulsion electromagnetic force between the plate-shaped electromagnetic coil 42 and the metal plate 5. That is, when the mutually exclusive electromagnetic force drives the metal sheet 5 to fit the pattern structure 3, the metal sheet 5 has a small forming force at a position opposite to the contour portion 312, and the metal sheet 5 is located at the same The lower portion 313 has a greater forming force relative to the relative position. When the metal sheet 5 at a position opposite to the contour portion 312 (ie, at a position relative to the first portion 423) has a small forming force, when the metal sheet 5 is deformed by force to fit the pattern structure 3, The metal sheet 5 at the lower 3丨3 position of the lower portion is subjected to a smaller lateral restraining force, so the metal sheet 5 is not easily broken and the local thinning rate is low', and the pattern structure can be completely fitted, so the dimensional accuracy# Good. Further, the setting pattern 51 (formed in Figs. 5A and 5B) after the metal sheet 5 is formed has a high aspect ratio. Fig. 7 is a view showing a second embodiment of the metal sheet forming apparatus of the present invention. The metal plate forming device 6 of the present embodiment is substantially the same as the metal plate member of the first embodiment, H_3 (Fig. 2), and differs in the structure of the plate-shaped electromagnetic wire 143873.doc.doc 201117894. In the present embodiment, the first portion 622 of the forming region 621 of the plate-shaped electromagnetic coil 62 is at least one concave structure, and the second portion 623 is at least one convex structure. The same portions as those of the metal plate forming device 3 of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and will not be described again. In this embodiment, when the metal plate 5 is attached to the pattern structure 311, the metal sheet 5 is located at a position opposite to the contour portion 312 (ie, relative to the concave structure positions). The sheet metal 5 has a large forming force at the opposite positions of the lower portions 313 (i.e., relative to the raised structure positions). When the metal sheet 5 at the position of the contour portion 312 has a small forming force, 'When the metal sheet 5 is deformed by force to fit the pattern structure 311, the sheet metal 5 at the position of the lower portion 313 will be Due to the small lateral restraint, the metal sheet 5 is not easy to be broken, the local thinning rate is low, and the material can be attached to the pattern structure 311', so the dimensional accuracy is better. Further, the setting pattern 51 (Figs. 5A and 5B) after the metal sheet 5 is formed has a high aspect ratio. The metal plate forming device of the invention has the following advantages: 1. The plate-shaped electromagnetic coil is designed according to the geometry of the pattern structure of the forming surface, and the electromagnetic force with different strengths and weaknesses can be generated at the set position, thereby reducing the billet during the forming process (the The metal plate member is subjected to the lateral restraining force to produce a setting pattern having a higher aspect ratio. 2. By the electromagnetic generating device, a high-speed forming force close to hydrostatic pressure is generated, which can improve the formability of the billet and reduce the thinning rate of the billet, and can reduce the residual stress caused by the 143873.doc.doc 201117894 Qu problem. 3. The plate-shaped electromagnetic coil has a simple structure and a low resistance and inductance value, so that a higher secondary current value can be generated under the same pulse energy. 4. The plate-shaped electromagnetic coil does not need to be tightly pressed against the billet, which can completely avoid the problem of flashover discharge. The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Therefore, those skilled in the art can make modifications and changes to the above embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention. The scope of the invention should be as set forth in the appended claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a conventional metal plate forming apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing another aspect of the plate-shaped electromagnetic coil of the present invention; FIGS. 5A and 5B are views showing a setting pattern of the present invention formed on a metal plate; and FIG. 6 is a view showing the forming metal of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a metal plate forming apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] 1 Conventional metal plate 2 mold [143873.doc.doc 201117894 3 The first solid 5 metal plate member of the present invention 6 The second solid 21 of the present invention 22 concave portion 30 metal plate member of the mold embodiment Metal plate forming device of the embodiment of the forming device 31 40 41
成形面 電磁產生裝置 固定座 42 板狀電磁線圈 51 金屬板件之設定圖樣 62 板狀電磁線圈 311 圖樣結構 312 兩部 313 低部Forming surface Electromagnetic generating device Mounting seat 42 Plate-shaped electromagnetic coil 51 Setting pattern of metal plate 62 Plate electromagnetic coil 311 Pattern structure 312 Two parts 313 Lower part
411 421 固定座之凹部 成形區域 422 423 424 621 622 623 特徵結構 特徵結構之第一部分 特徵結構之第二部分 成形區域 特徵結構之第一部分 特徵結構之第二部分 143873.doc.doc411 421 Recession of the seat Forming area 422 423 424 621 622 623 Characteristic structure Part 1 of the characteristic structure Part 2 of the characteristic structure Forming area Part 1 of the characteristic structure Part 2 of the characteristic structure 143873.doc.doc