201108292 六、發明說明： • 【發明所屬之技術領域】 [0001] —種繼電器的驅動電路，特別是配合電源供應器中抑制 突衝電流的限流電阻，並在電源供應器正常運作時間驅 動一繼電器將該限流電阻旁路的驅動電路。 【先前技術】 [0002] 電源供應器在剛開機時，由於電源供應器内的各電路單 元皆需盡快達取作電I，且電路t包含許多電容元件 ❹ ，導致在減_會產生極切輯㈣（inrush c業7:二因此抑制開機的突衝電流成為各電源供應器 的技術’而最基本的方法就是在突衝電流 ▲過的路徑上設置抑制電流 問題在於即使上述的限_抑制了二之： _正常運作時該限流電阻則造成了二的= 策。切使用效率的時代，此習知技術非長久之 [0003] ❹ 基於上述的習知技術，有業者提 第1職9號「可主動竭入 ^國專利證書 」’該前案中應用一「第一抑制單二二對直流轉換器 _阻：:=中該第-抑制單元包含-為-的電子開_(實想上 應器開機後電汸仍兩 4常開狀態，因此電源供 電源供應==通過該熱敏電阻而受到抑制。但當 閉合導通，:=:r::r 一 表單編號Α01〇ι 冋樣的，該案中具有一 098128151 0982048299-0 第3頁/共14頁 201108292 第二抑制單元（3〇、3〇，）邡利用相似的概念，但該第 二抑制單元是受控於一輸出電壓比較電路（71)以及一 邏輯判斷電路（72 )。 [0004] [0005] [0006] 098128151 上述的習知技術雖可透過將該熱敏電阻旁路而避免該熱 敏電阻持續消耗功率，但將該熱敏電阻旁路的繼電器驅 動電路亦損耗了部份功率。如1301689號專利的第四圖所 示，習知技術利用一偏壓電力（Vcc)讓繼電器激磁而導 通，且為了確保該繼電器導通’通常施加於繼電器的電 壓略大於繼電器本身的導通電壓。該繼電器導通後熱敏 電阻被旁路，該電源供應器進入正常運作狀態，此時習 知的電源供應器仍施加同樣的偏壓電力保持該繼電器導 通，直至該電源供應器關閉》雖避免熱敏電阻消耗功率 ’但該繼電器在持續施加較大電壓的情況下，加上連接 於該繼電器旁的電阻等元件，損耗的功率亦有〇. 6瓦以上 該繼電器與其驅動電路造成的損表1侮於5瓦以下，在現有 的技術尚未有人針對該繼電器的損耗作出對應的電路改 良。但現今80 PLUS的規範更嚴格的區別為銅牌（201108292 VI. Description of the invention: • [Technical field of invention] [0001] A driving circuit for a relay, in particular, a current limiting resistor for suppressing a surge current in a power supply, and driving a power supply during normal operation time The drive circuit that the relay bypasses the current limiting resistor. [Prior Art] [0002] When the power supply is just turned on, since each circuit unit in the power supply needs to be charged as fast as possible, and the circuit t contains many capacitive elements, the result is a sharp cut in the subtraction _ Series (4) (inrush c industry 7: two therefore inhibit the power-on surge current becomes the technology of each power supply' and the most basic method is to set the suppression current on the path of the sudden current ▲ is even the above limit _ suppression The second: _ The current limiting resistor in the normal operation caused the second = policy. In the era of efficiency, this technology is not long-lasting [0003] ❹ Based on the above-mentioned conventional technology, the first job is mentioned No. 9 "Can actively enter the ^ patent certificate" 'In the previous case, apply a "first suppression single two two-pair DC converter _ resistance:: = the first - suppression unit contains - is - the electronic open _ ( Actually, after the power is turned on, the power is still normally open, so the power supply supply == is suppressed by the thermistor. But when the conduction is closed, :=:r::r A form number Α01〇ι In the case, the case has a 098128151 0982048299-0 3 pages/total 14 pages 201108292 The second suppression unit (3〇, 3〇,) uses a similar concept, but the second suppression unit is controlled by an output voltage comparison circuit (71) and a logic determination circuit (72). [0006] [0006] [0006] 098128151 The above-mentioned prior art can avoid the power consumption of the thermistor by bypassing the thermistor, but the relay driving circuit bypassing the thermistor is also Part of the power is lost. As shown in the fourth diagram of the patent No. 1301689, the prior art utilizes a bias power (Vcc) to energize the relay to conduct, and to ensure that the relay conducts, the voltage normally applied to the relay is slightly larger than the relay. Its own turn-on voltage. After the relay is turned on, the thermistor is bypassed, and the power supply enters a normal operating state. At this time, the conventional power supply still applies the same bias power to keep the relay turned on until the power supply is turned on. Closed, although the thermistor is not used to consume power, but the relay is continuously applied with a large voltage, plus a resistor connected to the relay and other components, loss The power of the relay is also less than 6 watts. The damage caused by the relay and its drive circuit is less than 5 watts. In the existing technology, no corresponding circuit improvement has been made for the loss of the relay. However, the current 80 PLUS specification is stricter. The difference is bronze (
Bronzen)、銀牌（Silver)與金牌（G〇lden)等更言 的等級’因此5瓦（甚至不到1瓦）的損耗將造成極明顯 的差異。而且電源供應器的使用壽命不斷延長， 长·久累 積下來的能量損耗也相當可觀。因此該繼電器 疋罵要 改良之處，以爭取高效率、節能的優良表現。 【發明内容】 有锻於上述的習知技術中未針對繼電器驅動電路作進— 第4頁/共14頁 表單塢號A0101 0982048299-0 201108292 ,飞此改良，因此本案的目的即在於改良繼電器的驅 β降低該繼電器運作過程中的損耗。 _本2一種繼電器的驅動電路’係控制電源供應器中的 至少~繼電器，該繼電器具有至少—激磁侧以及至少— 開關側I該開關侧與一限流電阻並聯於突衝電流通過 的電力路技上。連接於該激磁側的驅動電路包括-開關 兀件以及-驅動週期調變單元，其中該開關元件連接於 〇亥激磁側且決定該激磁側是否供電流通過。該開關元件 〇 ❸導通與否則則受該驅動週期調變單元控制，該驅動週 期調變早元預先設定-過激週期（over drive period )以及一維持週期（holding period)，該維持週期接 續於該過數週期之後，該驅動週期調變單元在該過激週 期以及該維持週期分別輸出一過激驅動熟號（over drive signal)以及一維持訊號（holding signai) 驅動該開關元件導通，其中該維持訊號驅動該開關元件 導通的工作責任週期（duty ratio)小於該過激驅動訊號 〇 ，以控制該維持週期中以較小的電流維持該開關側在導 通狀態。由於習知的繼電器在設計時就已經具備磁滞的 特性了，也就是說只要激磁側只要在起初獲得較大的電 力激磁驅動開關侧導通’導通後由於先天的磁滯特性， 即使激磁側的電流略微下降也不會使開關侧跳開，開關 侧在激磁側電流非常大幅的降低時才會跳開。因此，透 過本案揭示的技術吁在該過激驅動訊號確保該開關元件 導通後，使用工作責任週期（duty ratio)小的維持訊號 驅動該開關元件，提供較小的電流通過該激磁側維持導 098128151 表單編號A0101 第5頁/共14頁 °982〇48299-〇 201108292 通，藉此可節省在該繼電器上所損耗的功率。 【實施方式】 [0008] 請參閱圖1，本案為一種繼電器的驅動電路，係用於控制 電源供應器中的至少一繼電器4，電源供應器以及該繼電 器4在電源供應器中的用途與電路圖已可見於上述的習知 專利中，故不再另行贅述。當電源供應器中剛啟動時， 產生的突衝電流（inrush current)會透過至少一限流 電阻8抑制其大小，而在確保電源供應器的各節點已升壓 到達正常工作電壓後需透過一繼電器4將該限流電阻8旁 路（bypass)。為了要判斷何時需將該限流電阻8旁路（ bypass)，可利用一判斷單元1連接電源供應器中預設的 一判斷端點10，並偵測該判斷端點10是否到一預定工作 電壓，進而決定輸出一旁路訊號之時序（timing)。而本 案是透過一驅動週期調變單元2以及一受該驅動週期調變 單元2驅動的開關元件3來控制該繼電器4的導通與否，該 繼電器4具有至少一激磁侧41以及至少一開關側42，且該 開關侧42與一限流電阻8並聯於突衝電流通過的電力路徑 上。在電源供應器中的整流電路6以及功因校正電路7之 間常產生突衝電流，因此本案的示意圖中以該限流電阻8 的兩端點分別連接整流電路6以及功因校正電路7為例。 該繼電器4的激磁侧41電性連接一供應電流通過該激磁側 41的輔助電源5，且該激磁側41並聯一二極體9避免電流 逆流。因此，當該判斷單元1判斷該電源供應器中的判斷 端點10已到達預定的工作電壓後，即輸出該旁路訊號觸 發該驅動週期調變單元2，進一步驅動該開關元件3導通 。該開關元件3導通後該輔助電源5提供的電流會通過該 098128151 表單編號A0101 第6頁/共14頁 0! 201108292 繼電器4的激磁侧41並逐漸上升，當電流在該激磁側41所 產生的磁力夠大時將令該開關侧42導通而旁路（bypass )該限流電阻8。 [0009] Ο 該驅動週期調變單元2預先設定一過激週期 （ over drive period)以及一維持週期（holding period )’由該驅動週期調變單元2決定驅動該開關元件3導通 的時序（timing)，進而控制流過激磁侧41的電流。該驅 動週期調變單元2在被旁路訊號觸發啟動後，先啟始該過 激週期（over dr ive period)·.並在該過激週期 (over drive period)輸出一過激驅動訊號（〇ver drive signal)驅動該開'關元I:件3完全導通，且該過激 媒動訊號.（over drive signal 令，該.開關元件3導 〇 通的時間長度足以令該輔助電源5在該激磁側41產生大電 流確保該開關側42導通，進而旁路（bypass)該限流電 阻8 ’達到該繼電器4在該電源供應器中設計的功能。而 在確保該開關侧42導通後，該維持週期 （holding period) 接續在該過激週期 （over drive peri〇d )之後，該驅動週期調變單元2在該維持週期（hold-ing period)輸出一維持訊號（holding signal) 驅動該開關元件3導通，其中該維持訊號（holding signal)驅動該開關元件3導通的工作責任週期（duty ratio)小於該過激驅動訊號 （over drive signal) ，導致該開關元件3間歇性的導通（turn on)與截止（ turn off)，使通過該激磁側41的電流受到抑制而下降 ，藉此控制該維持週期（holding Peri〇d)中以較 098128151 表單編號A0101 第7頁/共14頁 0982048299-0 201108292 小的電流維持該開關侧在導通狀態，直至該電源供應器 關閉為止。 [0010] 該驅動週期調變單元2可區分為一產生該過激驅動訊號 (over drive signal)的導通脈衝產生器21 '一產 生該維持訊號（holding signal )的固定伏秒控制 器22，並且該導通脈衝產生器21以及固定伏秒控制器22 皆電性連接該開關元件3。該旁路訊號可同時啟動導通脈 衝產生器21以及固定伏秒控制器22，而該導通脈衝產生 器21在啟動後在一段預設時間内產生一段固定方波狀的 ..： :..... 過激訊號（over άΗνέ tigiial );論定伏秒控制器 2 2則在受觸發後輸出一具有高低準位脈波狀的維持訊號 (holding signal)，並且兩者在電力路徑上合流相 加以驅動該開關元件3。此時請一併參閱圖1與圖2，圖2 為對應圖1之波形圖。其中可見該過激訊號 (over drive signal)與維持科號（holding signal) ji：..... . ..... ...... 的波形在驅動該開關元件3的路徑_£鹿合，在驅動週期調 變單元2剛啟動的初期中，該固定方波狀的過激訊號（ over drive signal)覆蓋過維持訊號（holding signal) 的低準位，使得驅動該開關元件3的波形為固 定的方波’令該開關元件3具有較長的導通時間，進而使 該激磁侧41流過足夠的電流確保該開關侧42導通。而過 了預設時間長度的過激週期 (over drive period) 後，該過激訊號 （over drive signal) 停止，由脈 波狀的維持訊號 （holding signal) 驅動該開關元 件3，因此開關元件3間歇的導通與截止抑制了通過激磁 098128151 表單編號A0101 第8頁/共14頁 0982048299-0 201108292 側41的電流，達到降低功率損耗的目的。再去 ^ 丹有，為了避 免該繼電器4關閉，該固定伏秒控制器22監測該補助電讶 5的電壓而在固定伏秒（V*S)的模式下調整維持气號（ holding signal)的工作責任週期（dutv ra+·、 J 1dt1〇) ° 如圖2所示，當開關元件3的啟閉取決於該維持訊號（vd )時’該維持訊號（Vd)的脈波寬度隨著輔助電源5電壓 (Vcc)下降而調整，達到以固定能量確保該繼電器4保 持導通的功效。 〇 [0011]綜上所述，本案確保該繼電器4導通後，利用磁滯的原理 以較低的能量維持該繼電器4導通，因此可節省驅動該繼 電器4的能量，讓電源供應器钓更貼近plus規範的要 求。 - [0012] 雖然本發明以較佳實施例揭露如上，然其並非用以限定 本發明，任何熟習此技藝者，在不脫離本發明之精神和 範圍内，而所作之些許更動與潤飾，皆應涵蓋於本發明 中，因此本發明之保護範®當視後附之申請專利範圍所 Q 界定者為準。 [0013] 綜上所述，本發明較習知之創作增進上述功效，應已充 分符合新穎性及進步性之法定創新專利要件，爰依法提 出申請，懇請貴局核准本件發明專利申請案，以勵創作 ，昱感德便。 【圖式簡單說明】 [0014] 圖1為本案之電路結構圖。 [0015] 圖2為圖1中各節點的波形圖。 098128151 表單編號A0101 第9頁/共14頁 0982048299-0 201108292 【主要元件符號說明】 098128151 表單編號 A0101 第 10 頁/共 14 頁 0982048299-0 [0016] 1 · · ....判斷單元 [0017] 10 ·. .....判斷端點 [0018] 2 . · ....驅動週期調變單元 [0019] 21 · · .....導通脈衝產生器 [0020] 22 ·. .....固定伏秒控制器 [0021] 3 · · ....開關元件 [0022] 4 · · •···繼電器 [0023] 41 · .....激磁側 [0024] 42 · .....開關侧 [0025] 5 · · ....輔助電源 [0026] 6 · · ....整流電路 [0027] 7 · · .· ·.功因校正電路 [0028] 8 · · ....限流電阻 [0029] 9 · · •· * ·二極體Bronzen), Silver and G〇lden, etc., say that the loss of 5 watts (or even less than 1 watt) will cause a very significant difference. Moreover, the service life of the power supply is prolonged, and the long-term accumulated energy loss is considerable. Therefore, the relay needs to be improved to achieve high efficiency and energy saving performance. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In the prior art, the above is not directed to the relay drive circuit - page 4 / 14 page form dock number A0101 0982048299-0 201108292, flying this improvement, so the purpose of the case is to improve the relay Drive β reduces the loss during operation of the relay. The driving circuit of the relay of the present invention is for controlling at least a relay in the power supply, the relay having at least the excitation side and at least the switching side I, the switching side and a current limiting resistor are connected in parallel to the power path through which the surge current passes. Technically. The driving circuit connected to the excitation side includes a switching element and a driving period modulation unit, wherein the switching element is connected to the excitation side of the anode and determines whether the excitation side supplies current. The switching element is turned on and otherwise controlled by the driving period modulation unit, and the driving period is adjusted by an early pre-set period - an over drive period and a holding period, wherein the sustain period is continued After the number of cycles, the driving period modulation unit outputs an overdrive signal and a holding signai to drive the switching element to be turned on, respectively, in the overdrive period and the sustain period, wherein the sustain signal drives the The duty ratio of the switching element being turned on is less than the overdrive signal 〇 to control the conduction state to maintain the switch side in a conducting state with a small current. Since the conventional relay is already designed to have hysteresis characteristics, that is, as long as the excitation side is turned on at the initial time to obtain a large electric excitation drive switch side conduction, the congenital hysteresis characteristic, even the excitation side A slight drop in current does not cause the switch side to trip, and the switch side will trip when the current on the excitation side is greatly reduced. Therefore, the technique disclosed in the present disclosure calls for the overdrive signal to ensure that the switching element is turned on, and the switching element is driven by a sustain signal having a small duty ratio, providing a small current to maintain the 098128151 form through the excitation side. No. A0101 Page 5 of 14 °982〇48299-〇201108292 pass, which saves the power lost on this relay. [Embodiment] [0008] Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a driving circuit of a relay for controlling at least one relay 4 in a power supply, a power supply, and a use and circuit diagram of the relay 4 in a power supply. It can be seen in the above-mentioned conventional patents, and therefore will not be further described. When the power supply is just started, the generated inrush current is suppressed by at least one current limiting resistor 8, and is required to pass through one after ensuring that the nodes of the power supply have been boosted to reach the normal operating voltage. The relay 4 bypasses the current limiting resistor 8. In order to determine when the current limiting resistor 8 needs to be bypassed, a determining unit 1 can be connected to a predetermined determining terminal 10 in the power supply, and the determining whether the determining terminal 10 reaches a predetermined operation The voltage, in turn, determines the timing at which a bypass signal is output. In the present case, the conduction of the relay 4 is controlled by a driving cycle modulation unit 2 and a switching element 3 driven by the driving cycle modulation unit 2, the relay 4 having at least one excitation side 41 and at least one switching side. 42. The switch side 42 is coupled in parallel with a current limiting resistor 8 in a power path through which the surge current passes. A surge current is often generated between the rectifier circuit 6 and the power factor correction circuit 7 in the power supply. Therefore, in the schematic diagram of the present invention, the two ends of the current limiting resistor 8 are respectively connected to the rectifier circuit 6 and the power factor correction circuit 7 as example. The excitation side 41 of the relay 4 is electrically connected to a supply current through the auxiliary power supply 5 of the excitation side 41, and the excitation side 41 is connected in parallel with a diode 9 to prevent current from flowing back. Therefore, when the judging unit 1 judges that the judging terminal 10 in the power supply has reached the predetermined operating voltage, the bypass signal is output to trigger the driving period modulation unit 2 to further drive the switching element 3 to be turned on. After the switching element 3 is turned on, the current supplied by the auxiliary power source 5 passes through the 098128151 Form No. A0101 Page 6 / Total 14 Page 0! 201108292 The excitation side 41 of the relay 4 gradually rises when the current is generated on the excitation side 41 When the magnetic force is large, the switch side 42 is turned on and the current limiting resistor 8 is bypassed. [0009] The driving period modulation unit 2 presets an over drive period and a holding period 'the timing of the driving period modulation unit 2 to drive the switching element 3 to be turned on. In turn, the current flowing through the excitation side 41 is controlled. The driving period modulation unit 2 starts the over dr ive period after being activated by the bypass signal, and outputs an overdrive signal (overver drive signal) in the over drive period. Driving the open 'off element I: the piece 3 is fully turned on, and the overdrive signal causes the switching element 3 to be turned on for a length of time sufficient for the auxiliary power source 5 to be generated on the excitation side 41. The large current ensures that the switch side 42 is turned on, thereby bypassing the current limiting resistor 8' to achieve the function of the relay 4 designed in the power supply. After ensuring that the switch side 42 is turned on, the sustain period (holding After the overdrive period (over drive peri〇d), the driving period modulation unit 2 outputs a holding signal to drive the switching element 3 to be turned on during the hold-ing period, wherein The duty ratio of the holding signal driving the switching element 3 to be turned on is smaller than the over drive signal, causing the switching element 3 to be intermittently turned on (t Urn on) and turn off, so that the current passing through the excitation side 41 is suppressed and decreased, thereby controlling the sustain period (holding Peri〇d) to be compared with 098128151 Form No. A0101 Page 7 / Total 14 Page 0982048299 -0 201108292 A small current keeps the switch side in an on state until the power supply is turned off. [0010] The driving cycle modulation unit 2 can be divided into a turn-on pulse generation that generates the over drive signal. The controller 21' generates a fixed volt-second controller 22 for the holding signal, and the conduction pulse generator 21 and the fixed volt-second controller 22 are electrically connected to the switching element 3. The bypass signal can be simultaneously activated. Turning on the pulse generator 21 and the fixed volt-second controller 22, and the turn-on pulse generator 21 generates a fixed square wave shape after a preset period of time..: :..... Overexcitation signal (over άΗνέ Tigiial); the volt-second controller 2 2 outputs a holding signal with a high and low level pulse wave after being triggered, and the two are combined and driven on the power path. Switching element 3. At this time, please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 together, and FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram corresponding to FIG. 1. It can be seen that the over drive signal and the holding signal ji:... The waveform of the ........... is driven by the path of the switching element 3, and in the initial stage of the driving period modulation unit 2, the fixed square wave overexcitation signal ( The over drive signal covers a low level of the holding signal, so that the waveform of the driving element 3 is a fixed square wave, so that the switching element 3 has a long on-time, thereby causing the excitation side 41 to flow. Sufficient current is passed to ensure that the switch side 42 is conducting. After the overdrive period of the preset length of time, the overdrive signal is stopped, and the switching element 3 is driven by a pulse-like holding signal, so that the switching element 3 is intermittent. On and off inhibits the current through the excitation 098128151 Form No. A0101 Page 8 / Total 14 Page 0982048299-0 201108292 Side 41, to achieve the purpose of reducing power loss. Further, in order to avoid the relay 4 being turned off, the fixed volt-second controller 22 monitors the voltage of the auxiliary volts 5 and adjusts the holding signal in a fixed volt-second (V*S) mode. Work responsibility cycle (dutv ra+·, J 1dt1〇) ° As shown in Figure 2, when the switching element 3 is turned on and off depending on the sustain signal (vd), the pulse width of the sustain signal (Vd) follows the auxiliary power supply. 5 The voltage (Vcc) is adjusted to decrease, and the effect of ensuring that the relay 4 remains conductive with a fixed energy is achieved.综[0011] In summary, the present invention ensures that after the relay 4 is turned on, the relay 4 is maintained at a lower energy by the principle of hysteresis, thereby saving the energy for driving the relay 4 and allowing the power supply to be closer. The requirements of the plus specification. [0012] While the invention has been described above in terms of a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the invention, and all modifications and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is intended to be covered by the present invention, and therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the scope of the patent application. [0013] In summary, the present invention enhances the above-mentioned effects by the conventional creation, and should fully comply with the novelty and progressive statutory innovation patent requirements, and submit an application according to law, and invites your office to approve the invention patent application. Creation, sensibility. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0014] FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of the present invention. 2 is a waveform diagram of each node in FIG. 1. 098128151 Form No. A0101 Page 9 of 14 0982048299-0 201108292 [Description of main component symbols] 098128151 Form No. A0101 Page 10 of 14 0982048299-0 [0016] 1 · ·.. Judgment unit [0017] 10 ·. ..... judgment endpoint [0018] 2 . . . . drive cycle modulation unit [0019] 21 · · ..... conduction pulse generator [0020] 22 ·. ... .. fixed volt-second controller [0021] 3 · · .... switching element [0022] 4 · · •·· relay [0023] 41 · ..... excitation side [0024] 42 ... .. switch side [0025] 5 · · .... Auxiliary power supply [0026] 6 · · .... Rectifier circuit [0027] 7 · · · · · Power factor correction circuit [0028] 8 · · .. .. Current limiting resistor [0029] 9 · · •· * · Dipole