201105019 六 發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 ，發明大體而言是關於電源供應 :二一種可降低逆電流耗損的電源供應系統。體而 【先刖技術】 隨著科技的發展，電源供瘫 牛。€ ^、應㈣技術亦跟著不斷地進 步。由於大部分電子裝置内部 遲 1!!利用電源供應器以將市電供應之交流電 轉換為可供電子装置利用之直流電。電源供應器依：:： =可區分為各種不同的類別，譬如依電路結二 為線性式或切換式’或是依電路_形式可分為返桃式、 順向式、全橋式、半橋式或推挽式等。 為了使裝置具妹南的可移動性或為了預防突 電’目前各式電子裝置大多包含—可充電式電池，然而斷 習知技術所使用的電源供應器並未有效地避免逆電流的問 •題，此中所指之逆電流(Reverse Current)，係意指當電源供 應器停止對被充電裝置中之可充電式電池供電時，若使用 者未將電源供應器之連接器從被充電裝置上加以移除，則 由於被充電裝置中可充電式電池之電壓相對較高，會從可 充電式電池迚流（回灌）至電源供應器中，造成可充電式電 池的剩餘電量持續降低。 因此，為了改善上述問題，本發明提供一種降低逆電 流之充電系統，經由對系統中電路的改良，可以大幅降低 上述逆電流問題，並且具有良好的電壓穩定度。 201105019 【發明内容】 在本發明實施例之一觀點中，提供一種降低逆電流之201105019 VI DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field to Be Invented] The invention relates generally to power supply: two power supply systems that reduce reverse current consumption. Body and [first technology] With the development of technology, power supply to cattle. € ^, should (4) technology continues to progress. Since most electronic devices are internally delayed, the power supply is used to convert the AC power supplied by the mains to DC power available to the electronic device. The power supply can be divided into different categories according to ::: =, for example, according to circuit 2, linear or switched 'or according to circuit _ form can be divided into returning peach, forward, full bridge, half Bridge or push-pull. In order to make the device have the mobility of the south of the device or to prevent the sudden emergence of electricity, most of the current electronic devices include a rechargeable battery, but the power supply used in the conventional technology does not effectively avoid the reverse current. The term "Reverse Current" as used herein means that when the power supply stops supplying power to the rechargeable battery in the device being charged, if the user does not connect the connector of the power supply device from the device to be charged If it is removed, the voltage of the rechargeable battery in the charging device is relatively high, and the battery can be turbulent (recharged) from the rechargeable battery to the power supply, resulting in a continuous decrease in the remaining capacity of the rechargeable battery. Therefore, in order to improve the above problems, the present invention provides a charging system for reducing reverse current, which can greatly reduce the above-mentioned reverse current problem and improve good voltage stability by improving the circuit in the system. 201105019 [Summary of the Invention] In one aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a reverse current is provided.
電源供應系統，包含：至少—次側電路，其耗合至至少 一父流電源，用以接收此至少一交流電源；至少一變壓電 路，其耦合至此至少—次侧電路，用以變壓；至少一二 次側整流電路’其耦合至此至少一變壓電路，用以整流， 其中此至少一二次側整流電路較佳包含至少一二極體，更 佳包含至少一蕭特基二極體（Schottky Barrier Diode);至少 一二次側濾波電路，其耦合至此至少一整流電路，用以濾 波，並供應直流電於至少一被充電裝置；至少一第一分壓 電路，其耦合於此至少一二次側整流電路及該至少一被充 電裝置之間，用以提供至少一第一分壓訊號；至少一開關 電路，其耦合至此至少一第一分壓電路，用以根據此至少 一第一分壓訊號對至少一參考電壓訊號進行比較，以決定 此至少一開關電路之導通狀態；至少一第二分壓電路，其 耦合於此至少一變壓電路及此至少一二次側整流電路之 間，用以提供至少一第二分壓訊號；及至少一控制電路， 其耦合至此至少一第二分壓電路，並耦合至此至少一一次 側濾波電路及該至少一變壓電路之間，用以在此至少一開 關電路為導通時，接收此至少一第二分壓訊號並以此至少 一第一分壓訊號為基礎，控制是否繼續對此至少一被充電 裝置充電’其中此至少一控制電路較佳為一脈波寬度調變 (Pulse Width Modulation ’ PWM)控制電路；其中，此至少 一第二分壓電路中更包含至少一整流元件及至少一濾波元 201105019 件，用以對此至少一第二分壓訊號之訊號源提供整流及濾 波功能。其中此至少一整流元件較佳包含一二極體，且此 至少一濾波元件較佳包含一電容。 在本發明之較佳實施例中，至少—次側電路更包含 <至少一一次側整流電路，其耦合至此至少一交流電源及此 至少一變壓器之間，用以整流；及至少一一次側濾波電路， 其耦合至此至少 次側整流電路及此至少一變壓器之 間，用以濾波。此外，此至少一整流元件包含至少一二極 ®體。 在本發明之較佳實施例中，其中在此至少一第二分壓 電路及此至少一控制電路之間，更包含一光耦合器，用以 傳遞訊號，以達到隔離效果，並符合安規規定。此外，在 此至少一第二分壓電路中更包含至少一指示燈號，用以指 不充電情形。再者，更包含至少一尖峰抑制電路與此至少 一一次側整流電路並聯，用以抑制訊號尖峰。 •=本發明實施例之一優點在於，可以在最經濟或元件變 更最小的情況之下，達到降低逆電流耗損，並且仍具有高 度控制訊號穩定性。 關於本發明實施例之觀點及優點可從下述實施方式及 伴隨之圖式得到更完整的說明。 【實施方式】 圖一顯示根據本發明實施例之電源供應系統示意圖。 在圖一中，電源供應系統1000包含一電磁干擾抑制電路 1 〇40其輕合至一父流電源1 ，用以接收來自交流電源 201105019 1020的電能並抑制電磁干擾；--次側整流電路1 〇6〇，其 耦合至電磁干擾抑制電路1040，用以於一次側進行整流； 一一次側濾波電路1080,其耦合至一次側整流電路1〇6〇， 用以於一次側進行濾波；一變壓電路11〇〇，其耦合至一次 側濾波電路1080，用以變壓；一二次侧整流電路i丨，其 耦合至變壓電路1100,用以於二次侧進行整流；一二次側 濾波電路1140,其耦合至二次側整流電路112〇，用以於二 次側進行濾波，並將濾波後之電能（直流電）傳送給被充電 裝置1160進行充電。其中，電源供應系統1〇〇〇更包含一 回授電路1180,用以從二次側獲得回授訊號並傳送給控制 電路1200，使控制電路12〇〇可經由回授訊號判斷被充電 裝置116G目前之充電狀況’並進—步決定是否繼續對被充 電裝置1160進行充電。在本發明較佳實施例中，控制電路 1200可為一種脈波寬度調變（pulse Width M〇dui梠仙， PWM)控制電路’可經由適當調整輸出電壓來達成穩壓控 制。 本發明之一特徵即在於，對上述回授電路1180的接點 位置進行改良，其回授電路118〇的接點係連接於變壓電路 1100及二次侧整流電路112〇之間，使當電源供應系統1000 決定不再繼續對被充電裝置1160進行充電時，由於二次側 正机電路1120的單向導通性質，由被充電裝置丨1的電 池產生的逆電流（Reverse Current)並無法回流造成耗損 於本發明之更詳細實施方式將說明如下。 圖一顯不根據本發明實施例之電源供應系統i 之 201105019 更細部示意圖。其中變壓電路测可包含兩組線圈，位於 圖式中較下方之線圈輕合至控制電路1200,以對其提供一 ，、二過降壓之電能。其中二次側整流電路1120可包含一二極 體ini’且較佳為包含一蕭特基二極體（又稱肖特基巴利 :極體’ Schottky BarrierDiode)，除了可提供整流之功能 亦可防止電流逆流。在二次側整流電路1鄰近處亦 耦合-尖峰抑制電路1122’用以抑制訊號尖峰。在回授電 路1180中包含由電阻mi及電阻ιΐ82所組成之第一分壓 =1^1 ’經由此第-分壓電路L1可從二次側的直流輸出 ^ “ s.、二過降壓之電壓，即在標示為a之接點處所獲得 之電壓α」’藉由將此電壓a與一穩壓開關丨〗83内部之 >考電壓進订比較’當電壓a大於參考電壓時’將使穩壓 ^關1183導通，使由電阻1186及電阻1187所組成的第二 $電路L2可進一步控制光耦合器u84中之發光二極體 之淼光強度’利用在標示為b之接點處所獲得之「電壓匕」， 以將^壓訊號傳至控制電路12〇〇，進而控制電源供應系統 1〇〇〇疋否繼續對被控制裝置116〇進行供電（充電）。其中， 舉例=言，穩壓開關1183可為「TL431」元件，其内部參 考電麗可為2.5伏特，經由調整第一分塵電路Li中電阻 1181及1182之比例以獲得匹配於參考電壓之適當電壓， 但其亦可利用其他相似元件加以實施。此外，在回授電路 一180中更包含顯不燈號！ i 85(譬如一發光二極體），用以顯 示目前充電情形。 本發明之一特徵在於，當電源供應系統1000停止對被 201105019 充電裝置1160充電時，從被充電裝置丨丨6〇反灌之電流（逆 電)雖然可能經過第一分壓電路L i使穩麼開關11 8 3導 •通，但是由於此時反灌之電流並無法穿過單向導通之二次 :側整流電路1120，因此逆電流並無法到達由電阻i 2 86及 電阻1187所組成的第二分壓電路L2、光耦合器1184及控 制電路1200等，因此能有效降低逆電流的耗損。在本發明 之較佳實施例中，逆電流的耗損係小於一亳安培（mA)。相 較之下，在習知技術中逆電流的耗損可達到三毫安培以 上’與本發明差距甚大。 由於由電阻1186及電阻1187所組成的第二分壓電路 L2是接在二次側整流電路112〇及二次側濾波電路之前， 因此所得的電壓波形係相對不穩定，若直接將此擷取之訊 號送至光耦合益1184並進而提供予控制電路〗2〇〇，則將 使電源供應系統1000亦表現得不穩定。因此，本發明之另 一特徵在於，除了能夠降低逆電流的耗損，亦對回授電路 φ U80加以改良以提升穩定性。舉例而言，在圖二中，在由 電阻1186及電阻1187所組成的第二分壓電路前端更 包含二極體1188及電容1189’以提供整流及濾波功能， 使控制訊號穩定性提升。其中，本領域中具有通常知識者 應可項α由於第二分壓電路L2對於訊號電壓穩定性的 要求與被充電裴置116〇對於電壓穩定性的要求並不相 同，因此，在本發明實施例中，針對第二分壓電路L2增 加整流及濾波元件(二極體1188及電容1189)，可以在最經 濟或元件變更最小的情況之下，達到降低逆電流耗損，並 201105019 且仍具有高度控制訊號穩定性。 此外，在本發明之較佳實施例中，在回授電路1180 •中更包含穩定電路L3,其連接於第—分壓電路^及第二 /分壓電路L2,穩定電路L3中更包含二極體ιΐ9〇、電= = Π1192、電阻1193及電阻1194等，可增加電壓 動態吏化時之穩定性，以防止超越（〇 Sh〇〇t)電壓產生， 且二極體1190亦可防止逆電流回灌。 上述敘述係為本發明之較佳實施例，其目的係 =本發明而非用以限定本發明於特定實施方式。此領域且 有通常知識者應可理解，為簡潔及清楚說明之目的，在^ 述說明及伴隨圖式中並未針對電源供應系统ι〇〇〇 = ==’亦未必顯示所有習知元件，部分元件則以 於月匕^方式表示，這些功能模組可由廣泛的方式加以實 ^ ’在其中任意兩元件之間，未必不可包含另-元 實際實施本發明時，部分元件亦可視 且 =二且各項元件之數量並不一定僅為一個。本領二 動^=知識者在不脫離本發明之精神或範圍内所作之更 變或If 視為本發明所揭示精神下所完成之等效改 卜主广’且應包含在下述之申請專利範圍内。本發明之 定:利保護範圍當視後附之中料利範圍及其均等物而 【圖式簡單說明】 不根據本發明實施例之電源供應系統示意圖； 顯示根據本發明實施例之電源供應系統進一步示 201105019 意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1000電源供應系統 ‘ 1020交流電源 v 1040電磁干擾抑制電路 1060 —次側整流電路 1080 —次側濾波電路 1100變壓電路 φ 1120二次側整流電路 1121二極體 1122尖峰抑制電路 1140二次側濾波電路 1160被充電裝置 1180回授電路 11 81電阻 1182電阻 * 1183穩壓開關 1184光耦合器 1185顯示燈號 1186電阻 1187電阻 1188二極體 1189電容 1190二極體 1191電容 1192電容 1193電阻 1194電阻 1200控制電路 A接點 B接點 L1第一分壓電路 L2第二分壓電路 L3穩定電路 11The power supply system includes: at least a secondary circuit that is coupled to at least one parent current source for receiving the at least one AC power source; and at least one transformer circuit coupled to the at least one-stage circuit for voltage transformation The at least one secondary side rectifying circuit is coupled to the at least one transformer circuit for rectification, wherein the at least one secondary side rectifying circuit preferably comprises at least one diode, more preferably at least one Schottky diode Schottky Barrier Diode; at least one secondary side filter circuit coupled to the at least one rectifier circuit for filtering and supplying direct current to at least one of the charged devices; at least one first voltage dividing circuit coupled thereto Between at least one secondary side rectifying circuit and the at least one charged device, for providing at least one first voltage dividing signal; at least one switching circuit coupled to the at least one first voltage dividing circuit for a first voltage dividing signal compares at least one reference voltage signal to determine an on state of the at least one switching circuit; and at least a second voltage dividing circuit coupled to the at least one variable Between the voltage circuit and the at least one secondary side rectifying circuit for providing at least one second voltage dividing signal; and at least one control circuit coupled to the at least one second voltage dividing circuit and coupled to the at least one Between the secondary side filter circuit and the at least one voltage conversion circuit, when the at least one switch circuit is turned on, receiving the at least one second voltage dividing signal and controlling at least one first voltage dividing signal to control whether And continuing to charge at least one of the charged devices, wherein the at least one control circuit is preferably a Pulse Width Modulation 'PWM' control circuit; wherein the at least one second voltage dividing circuit further comprises at least A rectifying component and at least one filter element 201105019 are provided for providing rectification and filtering functions for the signal source of the at least one second voltage dividing signal. Preferably, the at least one rectifying component comprises a diode, and the at least one filtering component preferably comprises a capacitor. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the at least one-stage circuit further comprises: at least one primary side rectifying circuit coupled between the at least one AC power source and the at least one transformer for rectification; and at least one A secondary side filter circuit coupled between the at least secondary side rectifying circuit and the at least one transformer for filtering. Furthermore, the at least one rectifying element comprises at least one diode K body. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the at least one second voltage dividing circuit and the at least one control circuit further comprise an optical coupler for transmitting signals to achieve isolation and compliance with safety regulations. Provisions. In addition, at least one of the second voltage dividing circuits further includes at least one indicator light for indicating a non-charging condition. Furthermore, at least one spike suppression circuit is further connected in parallel with the at least one primary side rectification circuit for suppressing signal spikes. • One of the advantages of an embodiment of the present invention is that the reduction in reverse current consumption can be achieved with the most economical or minimal component variations, and still has high control signal stability. The aspects and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention can be more fully understood from the following description and the accompanying drawings. [Embodiment] FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1 , the power supply system 1000 includes an electromagnetic interference suppression circuit 1 〇 40 that is lightly coupled to a parent current power source 1 for receiving power from the AC power supply 201105019 1020 and suppressing electromagnetic interference; the secondary side rectifier circuit 1 〇6〇, coupled to the electromagnetic interference suppression circuit 1040 for rectification on the primary side; a primary side filter circuit 1080 coupled to the primary side rectifier circuit 1〇6〇 for filtering on the primary side; a transformer circuit 11〇〇 coupled to the primary side filter circuit 1080 for voltage transformation; a secondary side rectifier circuit i丨 coupled to the transformer circuit 1100 for rectification on the secondary side; The side filter circuit 1140 is coupled to the secondary side rectifying circuit 112A for filtering on the secondary side, and transmits the filtered electric energy (direct current) to the charged device 1160 for charging. The power supply system 1 further includes a feedback circuit 1180 for obtaining a feedback signal from the secondary side and transmitting the signal to the control circuit 1200, so that the control circuit 12 can determine the charged device 116G via the feedback signal. The current state of charge is 'step forward' to determine whether to continue charging the device to be charged 1160. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control circuit 1200 can be a pulse width modulation (PWM) control circuit that can achieve voltage regulation by appropriately adjusting the output voltage. One of the features of the present invention is that the contact position of the feedback circuit 1180 is improved, and the contact of the feedback circuit 118 is connected between the transformer circuit 1100 and the secondary rectifier circuit 112A. When the power supply system 1000 decides not to continue charging the device to be charged 1160, the reverse current generated by the battery of the device to be charged 丨1 cannot be reflowed due to the unidirectional conduction property of the secondary side positive circuit 1120. A more detailed embodiment that causes the loss of the present invention will be explained below. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a more detailed description of the power supply system i according to an embodiment of the present invention. The transformer circuit measurement may comprise two sets of coils, and the lower coils in the figure are lightly coupled to the control circuit 1200 to provide one and two over-voltage reduction energies. The secondary side rectifying circuit 1120 may include a diode ini' and preferably includes a Schottky diode (also known as Schottky Barrier Diode), in addition to providing rectification function. It prevents current from flowing back. Also coupled in the vicinity of the secondary side rectifying circuit 1 is a coupling-spike suppression circuit 1122' for suppressing signal spikes. The feedback circuit 1180 includes a first partial voltage composed of a resistor mi and a resistor ι 82 = 1 ^ 1 ' DC output from the secondary side via the first-divider circuit L1 ^ s. The voltage of the voltage, that is, the voltage α"' obtained at the junction labeled a, is compared with the voltage of the voltage regulator a 83 83 within the test voltage 'when the voltage a is greater than the reference voltage 'The voltage regulator 1183 will be turned on, so that the second circuit L2 composed of the resistor 1186 and the resistor 1187 can further control the intensity of the light-emitting diode of the photocoupler u84' utilized at the mark b The "voltage 匕" obtained at the point is transmitted to the control circuit 12A, thereby controlling whether the power supply system 1 continues to supply (charge) the controlled device 116A. For example, the voltage regulator switch 1183 can be a "TL431" component, and the internal reference voltage can be 2.5 volts. By adjusting the ratio of the resistors 1181 and 1182 in the first dust-dividing circuit Li to obtain a suitable match to the reference voltage. Voltage, but it can also be implemented using other similar components. In addition, the feedback circuit 180 also includes a display number! i 85 (such as a light-emitting diode) to show the current charging situation. One of the features of the present invention is that when the power supply system 1000 stops charging the 201105019 charging device 1160, the current (reverse power) that is backflushed from the charged device 〇6〇 may pass through the first voltage dividing circuit Li. The switch 11 8 3 is turned on, but since the current of the backflow cannot pass through the two-way conduction: the side rectifier circuit 1120, the reverse current cannot reach the resistance i 2 86 and the resistor 1187. The second voltage dividing circuit L2, the optical coupler 1184, the control circuit 1200, and the like can effectively reduce the loss of the reverse current. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the reverse current loss is less than one ampere (mA). In contrast, in the prior art, the loss of reverse current can reach more than three milliamperes, which is quite different from the present invention. Since the second voltage dividing circuit L2 composed of the resistor 1186 and the resistor 1187 is connected before the secondary side rectifying circuit 112〇 and the secondary side filter circuit, the obtained voltage waveform is relatively unstable, and if this is directly The signal is sent to the optical coupling benefit 1184 and then to the control circuit 〖2 〇〇, which will make the power supply system 1000 also behave unstable. Therefore, another feature of the present invention is that the feedback circuit φ U80 is modified to improve stability in addition to reducing the loss of the reverse current. For example, in FIG. 2, the second voltage dividing circuit front end composed of the resistor 1186 and the resistor 1187 further includes a diode 1188 and a capacitor 1189' to provide rectification and filtering functions to improve the stability of the control signal. Among them, there is a general knowledge in the art that the requirement α depends on the requirement of the voltage stability of the second voltage dividing circuit L2 and the voltage stability of the charged device 116〇, therefore, the present invention In the embodiment, the rectifying and filtering components (diode 1188 and capacitor 1189) are added to the second voltage dividing circuit L2, so that the reverse current consumption can be reduced under the most economical or minimal component change, and 201105019 Highly controlled signal stability. In addition, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the feedback circuit 1180 includes a stabilization circuit L3 connected to the first voltage divider circuit and the second/divider circuit L2, and the stabilization circuit L3 is further included. Including diode ιΐ9〇, electric == Π1192, resistor 1193 and resistor 1194, etc., can increase the stability of the voltage dynamic deuteration, to prevent the overshoot (〇Sh〇〇t) voltage, and the diode 1190 can also Prevent reverse current recharge. The above description is a preferred embodiment of the invention, which is intended to be illustrative, and not to limit the invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that for the sake of brevity and clarity of description, not all of the conventional components are necessarily shown in the description and accompanying drawings for the power supply system ι〇〇〇===', Some of the components are represented by a monthly method. These functional modules can be implemented in a wide range of ways. Between any two of the components, it is not necessary to include another component. When actually implementing the present invention, some components are also visible and = two. And the number of components is not necessarily one. The present invention is not limited to the spirit or scope of the present invention, and the equivalent modifications made by the present invention are considered to be included in the following claims. Inside. The present invention is defined as a range of benefits and equivalents thereof. [Simplified description of the drawings] A schematic diagram of a power supply system not according to an embodiment of the present invention; a power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown Further indication 201105019 intention. [Main component symbol description] 1000 power supply system '1020 AC power supply v 1040 electromagnetic interference suppression circuit 1060 - secondary side rectifier circuit 1080 - secondary side filter circuit 1100 transformer circuit φ 1120 secondary side rectifier circuit 1121 diode 1122 spike suppression Circuit 1140 secondary side filter circuit 1160 is charged by the charging device 1180 circuit 11 81 resistance 1182 resistance * 1183 voltage regulator switch 1184 optical coupler 1185 display light 1186 resistance 1187 resistance 1188 diode 1189 capacitance 1190 diode 1191 capacitance 1192 Capacitor 1193 resistance 1194 resistance 1200 control circuit A contact B contact L1 first voltage dividing circuit L2 second voltage dividing circuit L3 stabilizing circuit 11