201102161 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於下降膜反應器以及下降膜反應作用之方 法與裝置，以及更特別是關於火焰抑制以及流體分配於具 有整體熱交換下降膜反應器中之裝置及方法。 【先前技術】 本發明為新穎的技術，並無先前技術。 【發明内容】 依據本發明一項，用來讓氣體反應物流跟下降膜液體 反應物流作用的反應器，其包含多個小室擠製本體，其中的 小室以大致垂直的方向從本體上端平行延伸到下端。第一 組小室在本體的兩端敞開。第二組多個小室在本體的兩端 封閉，排列成一個或多個連續小室群組，共同界定出側向延 伸過本體的一個或多個流體通道。此反應器進一步包含. (1)位於本體下端或其下方的液體接收結構，及覆蓋本體下 鳊開口小至的多孔火焰障蔽層，此火焰障蔽層具有：1)非_ 平面的下表面’ 2)變_孔隙結構，3)可潤雖梯度，或4) 任何1)-3)的組合，用來將本體下端敞開小室的液體，導向 液體接收結構;或⑵位於本體上端的液體儲存器，及覆蓋 ^^端開σ小室的多孔火焰障蔽層用來接觸儲存器中的 /體’將讀導向本體上端的_小室。覆蓋本體上端之 4 口小室的火蹈障蔽層，同樣地包含:1)非_平 =動的孔隙結構，3)可砸性梯度，或4)任何⑽二 。中的其巾-_來將儲存財的㈣導向本體上端的開 201102161 口小室。 依據本發明另U來讓氣體反應物舰下降膜液 體反應物流作用的反應器包含多個小室擠製本體，其中的 小室以大致垂直的方向，從本體上端平行延伸到下端。此 本體含有第-組多個小室，每個小室在本體的一端或兩端 配備有多孔火猶蔽層贼第—衫小室是關的，讓流 體流過這些多孔柱塞。此本體也含有第二組多個小室，每 個小室在本體的兩端是侧的。第二組多個小室排列成一 =或多個連續小室群組，共定出—個或多個流體通道 從第二組多個小室内的一個小室到另—個小室側向延伸過 本體。此反應器進-步包含底下的其中之一或兩者:⑴液 體儲存器位於本體上端以便將液體運送到本體上端的多孔 柱塞;和⑵液體接收結構位於本體的下端 本體下端的纽柱塞無雜。 【實施方式】 現在參考本發明優先實施例詳細作說明，其範纏示 於附圖中。儘可能地，整個附圖中相同的參考數字代表相 同的或類似的元件。 本發明是關於下降膜反應的方法和裝置，特別是避免 火焰傳播，並控制液體流量的方法。在圖i中顯示可以用 在本發明之輕和方法中之反應器元件12的平面圖圖2中 ‘盆厂、了透視圖。反應器元件12包含多個小室擠製本體2〇， 其中—個實施纖示棚1和2中。本體2()含有多個小室， 201102161 從本體一端平行延伸到另一端，圖1中可以看到小室的末 端。這些小室包含第-組多個小室22在本體兩端敵開，和 第二組多小室24在本體兩端封閉，在這個實施例中是透過 -個或多個柱塞26，或透過❹物目連的堵塞材料％位 於本體末端或其附近，且至少部分在第二組多個小室％的 管道内以封閉小室。第二組多個小室24(封閉小室）放置成 -個或多個連續小室群組，在圖！中是一群組共同幫忙界定 出流體通道28’從圖中指出的輸入埠3〇到輸出埠31位置延 伸過本體20,但是在圖中看不見。通道28最好沿著小室 圖2中顯示的總方向，賴上下婉_職。通道或路徑28 最好只有縣端32, 34或其附近，鼓小冑24側向延伸 ，在其中小室24之間的壁板會縮短，接通，或越過或通過以 便讓流體可以在小室24之間聯通。 圖3和4的截面圖中，顯示了在小室24之間含有縮短壁 板的本體20實施例，這是可以讓通道或路徑28透過在本體 20末端或其附近的連接，而垂直於小室24側向延伸的一種 方法。如圖3所示，路徑28可以依循單一小室在沿著小室24 的方向上下流動。或者，路徑28也可以在沿著小室的方向， 依循多個相連之含一個或多個並行小室的各別群組25，如 圖4所示。在顯示的實施例中，路徑依循含兩個並行小室的 群組25,但是如果想要的話，每群組25中可以包含超過兩個 201102161 小室° 圖5A-5D的平面圖，顯示在很多可能的選擇性中，四種可 能的通道或路徑28。在圖5A中，多個由柱塞26或連續堵塞 材料26封閉的小室，在垂直於本體2〇小室的平面上，排成單 -直線。在圖5B顯示的實施例中，不只在沿著圖2小室的方 向有蜿蜒路徑，而且在垂直於小㈣平面上也魏挺路徑 。如此，圖5B的流體路徑28,在進出圖5β平面的方向，以高 很多的頻率婉挺；而在圖5Β的平面内，以低很多的頻率婉蜒 。如圖5C和5D所示，路徑28也可以跟各別的連續堵塞材料 26Α-Ε組，或柱塞26Α-Ε群組呈内部平行，如圖5C所示，或外 4平行，如圖5D所示。在所有情況中，路徑或通道28,或多 個路徑或通道28,都從第二組多個小室24也就是如圖！所示 的封閉小室24内的-個小㈣另—個小室，側向延伸過本 體20。 不管路徑28在垂直於小室方向之平面内的形狀如何， 在此平面内的大部分路徑或通道28,最好只有一個小室寬 。這可以讓我們更容易製造跟第-組多個小室22,也就是 敞開小室22有非常高共用表面綱流體路徑。職的，在 路控或通道28列之間的敞開小室22最好也配置成只有一個 小至寬的群組如圖5B-5D。這可以讓穿過敞開小室的流體 路徑有高的表面對體積比。然而，如果想要的話，路徑28， 201102161 或敞開小室群組，也可以超過—個小室寬。 擠製本體或蜂窩20最好由擠製玻璃，玻璃—陶究，或陶 究材料來製造以提供耐受性和化學惰性。氧化紹陶究大致 上是目前較好的’因為它有良好的強度良好的惰性以及 比玻璃和某些陶莞還高的導熱性。其他具有較高導熱性的 材料也可以使用。多個小室本體的小室密度可以高到聊 小室/平方射。較高的密度可以產生敝換效能較高的 裝置。每平方英时含有3〇〇或更多，甚至450《更多個小室 的本體，可能可以形成高效能裝置。如果想要的話，甚至可 以使用低於2GM、室的小室紐則彡絲流量裝置。 使用圖1-5的裝置來執行下降膜反應的一個實施例顯 示在圖6的截面簡圖中。液體反應物流62運送到柱塞26或 連繽堵塞材料26的表面，換句話說到本體2〇封閉小室上方 的表面。如圖6的截面所示，液體反應碰62接著會依循箭 頭62顯示的路徑代表液體反應物流62流過本體20之封閉小 室的邊緣’ ^往下流舰開小室納表面成驗體下降膜 。氣體反應物流4 8視需要而定以並流或逆流方向在敞開小 室的中央流動，同時熱交換流體沿著通道28流動。熱交換 流體可以是相變流體形式或反應物流形式提供作為熱來源 ，或政熱體的反應。 如圖7的透視圖所示，反應器10可以包含多的元件12的 201102161 堆叠，每-個由各別的播製本體勝形成。每個元㈣ 可以配備各別的熱流體輸入埠施_3⑽，和熱交換流體 輸出埠31A-31D以便產生高的整體熱交換流體流動速、^也 可以選擇性地針對不同溫度的本體齡職或不同的熱交 換速率有不同溫度的流體和不同的流動速率，視需要而定 。另一個選項是，在各個本體20A—20D之敞開小室22的内表 面上或其内部可以包含一個或多個觸媒材料，決定於欲執 行的預定反應。在這裡所顯示或描述的任何其他實施例中 ’同樣的也可以使用一個或多個觸媒，視需要而定。每個本 體20A-20D的各別垂直長度也可以視欲執行之反應的需求 來作選擇，它們不需要有一致的長度，如圖中的本體2〇c較 短。 在下降膜反應的文章中最好能夠避免反應器1〇内潛在 的火焰或爆炸傳播，因為可能會使用可燃或爆炸反應物，或 者可能會產生可燃或爆炸產物。因此，本發明的一個選項 是火焰阻隔屏84可以位於相鄰的本體20A-20C對之間如圖8 所示。考慮到反應器的設計和反應工程，除了使用網屏84 之外，本體20A-20C的長度（也就是敞開小室的長度），以及 敞開小室的寬度也可以經過選擇，以避免任何失控或爆炸 反應的風險。再次地，為了達到這方面的最佳化，擠製本體 的長度可以視需要而不同。 201102161 根據本發明的一個實施例，在反應器10上端或底部或 兩者使用多孔火焰障蔽制如圖9的多孔火辦蔽層96和 98。多孔火焰障蔽層96覆蓋本體20上端34的敞開小室22。 就編織火焰障蔽層或網屏來說，（開口）多孔材料中的細篩 孔允許氣體反應物通過隔層同時避免火焰傳播。多孔材料 可以由抗腐蝕金屬氣凝膠，或多孔陶瓷材料諸如此類來形 成，其決定於抗化學腐蝕的需求。 圖9的反應益1〇包含孔環π形式的液體儲存器μ，它的 結構能夠將液體保存在本體上端。液體儲存器64,和本體 20頂部的多孔火焰障蔽層96相對於彼此放置，使多孔火焰 障蔽層可以接觸儲存器64中的液體61，將液體導向本體2〇 上端的敞開小室22流下它們的壁板如液體流62或液體流動 路徑62所示。反應氣體流48最好以並流方向流動，因為它 可以更直接地協助將液體流62從多孔火焰障蔽層96移動成 下降膜狀態。 不像編織火焰障蔽層，多孔火焰障蔽層材料可以很容 易透過模鎊，加工，和/或分層形成更複雜的形狀。例如，覆 蓋本體20下端之敞開小室22的多孔火焰障蔽層98可以具有 非平面的下表面，易於將本體20下端32敞開小室22的液體 導向位於本體20下端或其下方的液體接收結構。除了非 平面的下表面之外，多孔火焰障蔽層98還可以具有變動的 201102161 孔隙結構，表面可潤溼性梯度，或這些特性的組合用來將本 體20下端32敞開小室22的液體62或液體流62導向液體接收 結構66,聚集成收集液體63。例如，多孔材料障蔽層98的孔 隙尺寸，可以從本體20下端中央的大尺寸向下端的周圍逐 ‘ 步變小以促使液體反應物流向端面的周圍。 • 在圖9的實施例中，液體接收結構66是環形槽67形式， 其非平面表面99包含中央稍微向下傾斜的表面，而隆起邊 緣101位於槽67上方以協助導引液體流62。小角度的向下 傾斜表面促使液體遠離火焰障蔽層98的中央，同時尖角邊 緣101協助微滴生成和除去。並流方向的氣體流在這裡也 是較好的，因為它可以協助將火培障蔽層98中的液體流犯 移動遠離敞開小室22下方的區域。 在下降膜反應器内，最好不要讓液體反應產物液滴直 接接觸氣體反應物，因為液滴的大氣一液介面積加上液滴中 相當大的液體反應產物體積可能會造成爆炸危險。為了避 免在液體反應產物離開多孔火焰障蔽層98時發生不想要的 -燃燒可以使用不—反應氣體例如氣以淹沒整個接收結構66。 這可以使用氣簾圍阻結構100來達成，如圖9所示。在 圖9的實施例中，覆板1〇2配合環形槽67形成氣體圍阻結構 100,包含開σ 1G3,不反應氣體可以透過這些開σ以箭頭 1〇4的方向餵入。藉由銀入不—反應氣體讓結構1〇〇保持稍 201102161 微正壓’如此不-反應氣體可以將液體隔絕在液體收集結構 66或槽67巾，遠離在本體2()之敵開小室巾流動的反應物氣 體流48。 在接收結構66中提供正壓的不—反應大氣可以避免氣 體反應物進人。減的，小量的不_反應氣齡離開接收結 構66,而在向下机動時加入氣體反應物流仙離開反應器1〇 。如果想要_，仙在本體2G下端的下方放置火焰阻隔 屏或諸如此娜式的辅敎鱗蔽層86如圖9所示以便進 -步隔絕流體流人，並難在流體接收結構66中。 類似本體20下端的多孔火焰障蔽層⑽，本體上端的多 孔火焰障蔽層96同樣的包含υ非平面表面，2)變動的孔隙 結構，3)可潤澄性梯度，或4)任何D—3)的組合的其中一項， 以便幫忙將儲存器巾的液體導向本體上端的㈣小室，流 下它們的壁板。-個這樣的多孔火焰障蔽層96顯示在圖ι〇 的橫截面圖中。 在圖10的實施例f，上方多孔火焰障蔽層96包含上方 多孔散佈層92接合到下方的多孔火焰障蔽層材料94。上方 多孔散佈層92建構成多個分散"觸片"或管道9〇的圖樣，可 以選擇性地包含一個或多個交叉"觸片"或管道，例如交又 官道88。上層92材料和/或孔隙率的選擇要能夠將反應物 更均勻地導向本體20的敞開小室，而下層的材料和/或孔隙 201102161 率要使氣體反應物通過，同時避免火焰傳播。這兩種材料 層的孔隙尺寸可以單獨最佳化以改進流體傳送和火焰隔絕 的功能。例如，上層多孔散佈管道或觸片的孔隙尺寸可以 大於下層火焰隔層以促使液體反應物從上方散佈層滲透到 ' 下方火焰障蔽層。 - 本發明的另一個實施例顯示在圖11的橫截面圖中。在 圖11的實施例中，用來讓氣體反應物流48跟下降膜液體反 應物流62作用的反應器1〇包含多個小室擠製本體2〇A或2〇B ，其中的小室以大致垂直的方向從本體上端平行延伸到下 端。在這個實施例中，第一組多個小室22的每一個在本體 的一或兩端都配備多孔火焰障蔽層柱塞27 ^在本體2〇 一端 或兩端的多孔柱塞27可以是獨立的多孔柱塞27或是連續的 多孔堵塞材料27形式，視需要而定。第一組多個小室以是 打開的讓流體流過多孔柱塞27。第二組多個小室24在本體 A或20B的兩^都是封閉的，最好是由無孔柱塞乳或連續 堵塞材料26來封閉。第二組多個小室24排列成一個或多個 :連續小室群組共同界定出—個或多個讀路徑或通道狀從 第二組多個小室内的-個小室到另一個小室侧向延伸過本 體20,如上面參考圖ι_5所顯示和描述的。 圖11的實施舰-純含底下的任何—個料者. 液體儲存器64位於本體20上端，以便將液體運送到本體上 12 201102161 端的夕孔柱塞27,和⑵裝置接收結構66位於本體2()下端或 其下方以便從本體下端的纽柱塞27接收液體。 對於陶兗和相關堵塞材料可以在形成燒結_柱塞時 ，使用孔隙-形成添加_職纽㈣27。孔隙尺寸可以 藉由調整造補的尺相魏結條件來㈣。或者，可以 使用金屬網或金屬棉來堵塞小室22末端形成多孔柱塞27。 在圖11反應器的操作上，當液體反應物淹沒擠製本體湯的 頂端時，《會沿著封閉小室24所界定出的路徑流動也就 是由無孔柱塞26頂端所界定出的路徑。並流方向的氣體反 應物流48會促使液體反應物流62經過多孔柱塞27而到達開 口小室22的側壁。 在擠製本體20B的下端32,液體反應產物會被強迫經過 夕孔柱塞27,使匕^^集在末端32的表面上。當有足夠的液 體反應產物聚集之後，過多的液體會流到末端32的周圍，而 遇到整合，或固定到擠製20B上的液體移除結構1〇6。然後 液體反應產物會流動，滲透，或滴下移除結構1〇6聚集在接 收結構66中。如同圖9的實施例，可以使用不_反應氣體來 淹沒液體接收結構66以避免在液滴之氣-液介面，或在收集 之液體反應產物表面產生不想要的反應。 如圖11的實施例所示，本發明的反應器1〇可以應用額 外的火焰阻隔屏84遠離擠製本體20A-20B堆叠的底端32和 201102161 頂端34放置，將反應器10❸内部體積切割成本質上安全的 小區域。可以使用超過兩個擠製本體20A和20B以進一步切 割反應器10的内部體積，視需要而定。 當多個擠製本體20A和20B相連使用，且將它們從單一 較長本體切開並*實際時，可以考慮使舰渡擠製本體區 段80協助將下降膜流體流62從上方本體2〇A聯通到下方本 體20B。此過渡擠製本體區段8〇的小室節距或間隔，最好跟 本體20A和20B不同，讓流動流體可以或多或少隨機地均勻 再分散到下方本體20B中。較小的小室節距對避免火焰傳 播可旎有幫助。最好可以使用兩個火焰阻隔屏，在過渡擠 製本體80的每一侧上各一個，特別是如果使用較大小室尺 寸的話。 圖12的橫截面顯示本發明的又另一個實施例，其中下 方多孔火焰障蔽層包含多個突出物1〇8對齊封閉小室24或 對齊柱塞26放置，並且對齊槽67網格或矩陣形式的液體接 收結構66。在圖12實施例的裝置中，反應物氣體流48會驅 動反應物流體流62遠離直接在敞開小室下方的區域，而流 到突出物108和槽67的區域。 在本發明的所有實施例和變動中，從封閉小室24内一 個小室到另一個小室，側向延伸過本體2〇的一個或多個通 道28最好有蜿蜒路徑沿著第二組多個小室來回，此路徑在 201102161 本體末端或其附近從—個小室到另—個小室側向連接。藉 由利用婉蜒路独及在本體末端或翻跑連，本體2〇的 内小室壁可以大部_，因此切2g縣的機械特 性，例如強度，抗屋性，抗熱震性，諸如此類,都可以完好保 留。 當需要高流動速率的路徑或通道28以達到高的熱交換 速率時，在本發明的所有實施例和變動中，一個或多個流體 通道财最好至少有一個依循多個相連之含兩個或更多並 行官槽的各別群組2,沿著小㈣方向，如上面參考圖4所顯 示和描述的。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1為依據本發明—項實施例反應器組件之平面圖，其 包含擠製多個小室物體或蜂巢體，其顯示出流動路徑在垂八 直於小室之平面中。 圖2為依據本發明—項實施例反應器組件之側視圖，其 包含圖1擠製多個小室物體或蜂巢體，其顯示出流動路徑更 進一步詳細情況。 —圖3為閉。於擠製物體一端或兩端之小室斷面圖盆顯 示出可於本㈣小_交互連結之方法。，…， —圖4為閉σ於擠製物體一端或兩端之小室斷面圖置領 示出可使驗本發明小室間交互連結之另—方法。… 201102161 圖5A-5D為擠製物體20 —端之平面圖，其顯示出柱子26 或連續性柱塞材料26交替圖案，對應於閉合於底下小室之 圖案。 圖6為擠製物體20之斷面，其顯示出液體及氣體反應物 以及熱交換流體分佈。 圖7為透視圖，其顯示出多個物體20A-20D排列為單一 反應器10之部份。 圖8為斷面圖，其顯示出一項具有為火焰障蔽層屏幕型 式之火焰障蔽層的實施例。 圖9為斷面圖，其顯示出多孔性火焰障蔽層96, 98結構 以及排列成有助於反應物流體分配。 圖10為斷面圖，其顯示出多孔性火焰障蔽層96之另一 實施例，其結構以及排列成有助於反應物流體分配。 圖11為斷面圖，其顯示出多孔性火焰障蔽層96, 98另一 實施例。 圖12為斷面圖，其顯示出依據本發明另一實施例之多 孔性火焰障蔽層98的另一實施例。 【主要元件符號說明】 反應1§ 10;反應器元件12;擠製本體2〇,2〇A_2〇D;第 -組多小室22;第二組多個小室24;群組25;無孔柱塞 26,26A-E;多孔柱塞27;流體通道28;輸入淳3〇,贏. 16 201102161 ;輸出埠31,31^-310;本體末端32,34;氣體反應物流48; 液體61;液體反應物流62;收集液體63;液體儲存器64; 液體接收結構66;環形槽67;過渡擠製本體區段80;火焰 阻隔屏84;交叉管道88;分散管道90;多孔散佈層92;多 孔火焰障蔽層材料94;多孔火焰障蔽層96, 98;非平面表 面99;氣簾圍阻結構100;隆起邊緣101;覆板102;開口 103;箭頭104;液體移除結構106;突出物108。201102161 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for a falling film reactor and a falling film reaction, and more particularly to flame suppression and fluid distribution to a reactor having an integral heat exchange falling film The device and method. [Prior Art] The present invention is a novel technology without prior art. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to one aspect of the invention, a reactor for reacting a gaseous reactant stream with a descending membrane liquid reactant stream comprises a plurality of chamber extruded bodies, wherein the chambers extend parallel from the upper end of the body in a substantially vertical direction to Lower end. The first set of cells are open at both ends of the body. A second plurality of cells are closed at both ends of the body and arranged in a group of one or more continuous cells that collectively define one or more fluid passages that extend laterally through the body. The reactor further comprises: (1) a liquid receiving structure at or below the lower end of the body, and a porous flame barrier layer covering the lower opening of the body, the flame barrier layer having: 1) a lower surface of the non-plane '2 a variable _ pore structure, 3) a gradable gradient, or 4) any combination of 1) - 3), used to direct the liquid opening the chamber at the lower end of the body to the liquid receiving structure; or (2) a liquid reservoir at the upper end of the body, And a porous flame barrier layer covering the opening of the σ chamber for contacting the body in the reservoir to read the _cell at the upper end of the guiding body. The fire barrier covering the four chambers at the upper end of the body also contains: 1) non-flat = moving pore structure, 3) sag gradient, or 4) any (10) two. In the towel - _ to store the wealth of money (four) to the upper end of the body opened 201102161 mouth chamber. The reactor for allowing a gas reactant ship to descend the membrane liquid reaction stream according to the present invention comprises a plurality of cell extruded bodies, wherein the cells extend from the upper end to the lower end of the body in a substantially vertical direction. The body contains a plurality of cells of the first group, each chamber being provided with a porous fire thief at one or both ends of the body, the thief chamber is closed, allowing the fluid to flow through the porous plungers. The body also contains a second plurality of cells, each of which is lateral at both ends of the body. The second plurality of cells are arranged in a group of one or more consecutive cells, and a plurality of fluid passages are defined to extend laterally from the one chamber of the second plurality of cells to the other of the cells. The reactor further comprises one or both of the following: (1) a liquid reservoir located at the upper end of the body to transport the liquid to the porous plunger at the upper end of the body; and (2) a plunger of the liquid receiving structure at the lower end of the lower end body of the body No impurities. [Embodiment] Reference will now be made in detail to the preferred embodiments of the invention Wherever possible, the same reference numerals reference the SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for falling film reactions, particularly to avoid flame propagation and to control the flow of liquid. A plan view of the reactor element 12 that can be used in the light and method of the present invention is shown in Figure 2 in a 'pot factory, perspective view. The reactor element 12 comprises a plurality of chamber extruded bodies 2, one of which is embodied in the sheds 1 and 2. The body 2 () contains a plurality of chambers, 201102161 extending from one end of the body parallel to the other end, the end of the chamber can be seen in Figure 1. The chambers include a plurality of first plurality of cells 22 that are open at both ends of the body, and a second plurality of cells 24 that are closed at both ends of the body, in this embodiment through one or more plungers 26, or through the contents The occlusion material % of the mesh is located at or near the end of the body and is at least partially within the second plurality of cells of the plurality of cells to close the chamber. The second plurality of cells 24 (closed cells) are placed into groups of one or more consecutive cells, in the figure! A group of together helps define the fluid channel 28' extending from the input 〇3〇 to the output 埠31 position indicated in the figure, but is not visible in the figure. Preferably, passage 28 follows the general direction shown in Figure 2 of the chamber. Preferably, the passage or path 28 is only at the county end 32, 34 or adjacent thereto, and the drum cymbal 24 extends laterally, wherein the wall between the chambers 24 is shortened, connected, or passed or passed to allow fluid to be in the chamber 24 Connected between. In the cross-sectional views of Figures 3 and 4, an embodiment of a body 20 containing a shortened wall between chambers 24 is shown, which allows the passage or path 28 to pass through the connection at or near the end of the body 20, perpendicular to the chamber 24 A method of lateral extension. As shown in FIG. 3, the path 28 can follow a single chamber flowing up and down in the direction of the chamber 24. Alternatively, path 28 may also follow a plurality of connected individual groups 25 containing one or more parallel cells in the direction along the cell, as shown in FIG. In the embodiment shown, the path follows group 25 containing two parallel cells, but if desired, each group 25 can contain more than two 201102161 cells. Figure 5A-5D is a plan view showing many possible Among the options, there are four possible channels or paths 28. In Fig. 5A, a plurality of cells closed by a plunger 26 or a continuous plugging material 26 are arranged in a single straight line in a plane perpendicular to the body 2〇. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 5B, there is a meandering path not only in the direction along the cell of Fig. 2 but also in the plane perpendicular to the small (four) plane. Thus, the fluid path 28 of Fig. 5B is squeezing at a much higher frequency in the direction of entering and exiting the ? plane of Fig. 5; and 婉蜒 at a much lower frequency in the plane of Fig. 5A. As shown in Figures 5C and 5D, the path 28 can also be in parallel with the respective continuous plugging material 26Α-Ε, or the plunger 26Α-Ε group is internally parallel, as shown in Figure 5C, or the outer 4 is parallel, as shown in Figure 5D. Shown. In all cases, the path or channel 28, or multiple paths or channels 28, are from the second plurality of cells 24 as shown! A small (four) other chamber in the enclosed chamber 24 is shown extending laterally through the body 20. Regardless of the shape of the path 28 in a plane perpendicular to the direction of the chamber, most of the paths or channels 28 in this plane preferably have only one cell width. This makes it easier for us to make a very high common surface fluid path with the first set of cells 22, i.e., the open cells 22. Preferably, the open cells 22 between the rails or channels 28 are also arranged to have only one small to wide group as shown in Figures 5B-5D. This allows a high surface to volume ratio of the fluid path through the open chamber. However, if desired, path 28, 201102161 or open cell groups can also exceed a small room width. The extruded body or honeycomb 20 is preferably fabricated from extruded glass, glass-ceramic, or ceramic materials to provide resistance and chemical inertness. Oxidation of Shaoxing is generally better at present because it has good strength, good inertia and higher thermal conductivity than glass and certain ceramics. Other materials with higher thermal conductivity can also be used. The cell density of multiple cell bodies can be as high as the chat room/square shot. A higher density can result in a device with higher switching efficiency. With a height of 3 inches or more per square inch, or even 450 "more chambers, it is possible to form a high-performance device. If desired, even smaller chambers with less than 2 GM, chambers can be used. One embodiment of performing a falling film reaction using the apparatus of Figures 1-5 is shown in the cross-sectional schematic of Figure 6. The liquid reactant stream 62 is delivered to the surface of the plunger 26 or the clogging material 26, in other words to the surface of the body 2 〇 closed chamber. As shown in the cross-section of Figure 6, the liquid reaction bump 62 will then follow the path shown by the arrow 62 to represent the liquid reactant stream 62 flowing through the edge of the closed chamber of the body 20' to the downstream surface of the lower chamber to form the specimen falling film. The gaseous reactant stream 4 8 flows in the cocurrent or countercurrent direction in the center of the open cell as needed, while the heat exchange fluid flows along the channel 28. The heat exchange fluid may be provided as a heat source, or a reaction of a political heat, in the form of a phase change fluid or a form of a reactant stream. As shown in the perspective view of Figure 7, reactor 10 can include a plurality of 201102161 stacks of components 12, each formed by a respective broadcast body. Each element (4) can be equipped with a separate thermal fluid input _3 (10), and a heat exchange fluid output 埠31A-31D to produce a high overall heat exchange fluid flow rate, ^ can also selectively target different temperatures of the body age Or different heat exchange rates have different temperatures of fluid and different flow rates, as needed. Alternatively, one or more catalyst materials may be included on or within the inner surface of the open cells 22 of each of the bodies 20A-20D depending on the predetermined reaction to be performed. In any other embodiment shown or described herein, one or more catalysts may be used as such, as desired. The respective vertical lengths of each of the bodies 20A-20D can also be selected depending on the requirements of the reaction to be performed. They do not need to have a uniform length, as the body 2〇c in the figure is shorter. It is best to avoid potential flame or explosion propagation in the reactor 1 in the article on falling film reactions, as flammable or explosive reactants may be used, or flammable or explosive products may be produced. Accordingly, one option of the present invention is that the flame barrier screen 84 can be positioned between adjacent pairs of bodies 20A-20C as shown in FIG. In view of reactor design and reaction engineering, in addition to the use of screen 84, the length of the body 20A-20C (i.e., the length of the open cell), as well as the width of the open cell, can also be selected to avoid any runaway or explosive reactions. risks of. Again, to achieve this optimization, the length of the extruded body can vary as needed. 201102161 In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, porous fire shields 96 and 98 of Figure 9 are masked at the upper or bottom of reactor 10 or both using a porous flame barrier. A porous flame barrier layer 96 covers the open cells 22 at the upper end 34 of the body 20. In the case of a woven flame barrier or screen, the fine mesh openings in the (open) porous material allow the gaseous reactants to pass through the barrier while avoiding flame propagation. The porous material may be formed of a corrosion-resistant metal aerogel, or a porous ceramic material or the like, which is determined by the need for chemical resistance. The reaction of Figure 9 contains a liquid reservoir μ in the form of a pore ring π which is structured to hold the liquid at the upper end of the body. The liquid reservoir 64, and the porous flame barrier layer 96 on top of the body 20 are placed relative to one another such that the porous flame barrier layer can contact the liquid 61 in the reservoir 64, directing the liquid to the open cells 22 at the upper end of the body 2 to flow down their walls. The plates are shown as liquid stream 62 or liquid flow path 62. The reactant gas stream 48 preferably flows in a cocurrent direction because it more directly assists in moving the liquid stream 62 from the porous flame barrier layer 96 to a falling film state. Unlike woven flame barriers, porous flame barrier materials can be easily formed into more complex shapes through the pounds, processing, and/or delamination. For example, the porous flame barrier layer 98 covering the open cells 22 at the lower end of the body 20 can have a non-planar lower surface that facilitates directing liquid from the lower end 32 of the body 20 to open the chamber 22 to a liquid receiving structure located at or below the lower end of the body 20. In addition to the non-planar lower surface, the porous flame barrier layer 98 can also have a varying 201102161 pore structure, a surface wettability gradient, or a combination of these characteristics to open the liquid 62 or liquid of the chamber 22 to the lower end 32 of the body 20. Stream 62 is directed to liquid receiving structure 66 and is collected into collection liquid 63. For example, the pore size of the porous material barrier layer 98 can be made smaller from the large-sized lower end of the center of the lower end of the body 20 to cause the liquid reactant to flow toward the periphery of the end face. • In the embodiment of Fig. 9, the liquid receiving structure 66 is in the form of an annular groove 67 having a non-planar surface 99 that includes a slightly downwardly sloping surface in the center and a raised edge 101 above the groove 67 to assist in directing the liquid stream 62. The small angle of the downwardly inclined surface urges the liquid away from the center of the flame barrier layer 98 while the sharp corner edge 101 assists in the generation and removal of droplets. The gas flow in the cocurrent direction is also preferred here because it assists in moving the liquid flow in the fire barrier layer 98 away from the area below the open cell 22. In a falling membrane reactor, it is preferred that the liquid reaction product droplets not directly contact the gaseous reactants because the atmospheric-to-liquid area of the droplets plus the relatively large volume of liquid reaction product in the droplets may pose an explosion hazard. In order to avoid unwanted - combustion when the liquid reaction product exits the porous flame barrier layer 98, a non-reactive gas such as gas may be used to flood the entire receiving structure 66. This can be achieved using the air curtain containment structure 100, as shown in FIG. In the embodiment of Fig. 9, the sheathing plate 1〇2 cooperates with the annular groove 67 to form the gas containment structure 100, which includes the opening σ 1G3 through which the non-reactive gas can be fed in the direction of the arrow 1〇4. By the silver in the non-reactive gas, the structure 1〇〇 is kept slightly 201102161 micro-positive pressure so that the reaction gas can isolate the liquid from the liquid collecting structure 66 or the groove 67, away from the enemy room towel (2) Flowing reactant gas stream 48. Providing a positive pressure non-reactive atmosphere in the receiving structure 66 prevents gas reactants from entering the body. Subtracted, a small amount of non-reactive gas age leaves the receiving structure 66, and a gas reaction stream is added to the reactor 1 while moving downward. If desired, a flame barrier screen or a secondary scoring layer 86 such as this is placed underneath the lower end of the body 2G as shown in FIG. 9 to further block fluid flow and is difficult to be in the fluid receiving structure 66. . Similar to the porous flame barrier layer (10) at the lower end of the body 20, the porous flame barrier layer 96 at the upper end of the body likewise comprises a non-planar surface, 2) a varying pore structure, 3) a gradable gradient, or 4) any D-3) One of the combinations is to help direct the liquid of the reservoir towel to the (4) chamber at the upper end of the body and to shed their walls. A such porous flame barrier layer 96 is shown in the cross-sectional view of Figure ι. In the embodiment f of Figure 10, the upper porous flame barrier layer 96 comprises an upper porous distribution layer 92 joined to the underlying porous flame barrier layer material 94. The upper porous distribution layer 92 is constructed to form a plurality of patterns of dispersed "contacts" or pipes 9〇, which may optionally include one or more intersecting "contacts" or pipes, such as the intersection and the official road 88. The upper layer 92 material and/or porosity is selected to more uniformly direct the reactants to the open cells of the body 20, while the underlying material and/or pores are such that the gaseous reactants pass through while avoiding flame propagation. The pore sizes of the two material layers can be individually optimized to improve fluid transfer and flame isolation. For example, the upper porous distribution conduit or contact may have a larger pore size than the lower flame barrier to promote penetration of the liquid reactant from the upper dispersion layer to the lower flame barrier layer. - Another embodiment of the invention is shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. In the embodiment of Figure 11, the reactor 1 for the action of the gaseous reactant stream 48 with the falling membrane liquid reactant stream 62 comprises a plurality of chamber extrusion bodies 2A or 2B, wherein the chambers are substantially vertical. The direction extends from the upper end of the body in parallel to the lower end. In this embodiment, each of the first plurality of cells 22 is provided with a porous flame barrier layer plug 27 at one or both ends of the body. The porous plunger 27 at one or both ends of the body 2 can be independent. The porous plunger 27 is either in the form of a continuous porous plugging material 27, as desired. The first plurality of cells are opened to allow fluid to flow through the porous plunger 27. The second plurality of cells 24 are closed at either body A or 20B, preferably by a non-porous plunger or continuous plug material 26. The second plurality of cells 24 are arranged in one or more: the continuous cell groups collectively define one or more read paths or channel shapes extending laterally from the cells of the second plurality of cells to the other chamber Passing through the body 20, as shown and described above with reference to FIG. The implementation of Figure 11 - purely any material underneath. The liquid reservoir 64 is located at the upper end of the body 20 for transporting liquid to the body 12 of the 201102161 end of the sun hole plunger 27, and (2) the device receiving structure 66 is located on the body 2 () Lower end or below to receive liquid from the button plunger 27 at the lower end of the body. For ceramics and related plugging materials, pore-forming additions can be used in the formation of sintered_plungers. The pore size can be adjusted by adjusting the fabricated ruler phase conditions (4). Alternatively, a metal mesh or metal wool may be used to block the end of the chamber 22 to form the porous plunger 27. In the operation of the reactor of Figure 11, when the liquid reactant floods the top end of the extruded body soup, "the path that will follow the path defined by the enclosed chamber 24 is the path defined by the top end of the non-porous plunger 26. The co-flowing gas reactant stream 48 causes the liquid reactant stream 62 to pass through the porous plunger 27 to the side walls of the open cell 22. At the lower end 32 of the extruded body 20B, the liquid reaction product is forced through the hourly plunger 27 to collect the surface on the surface of the end 32. After sufficient liquid reaction product has accumulated, excess liquid will flow around the end 32 and encounter consolidation, or liquid removal structure 1〇6 that is fixed to the extrusion 20B. The liquid reaction product then flows, penetrates, or drops the removal structure 1〇6 into the receiving structure 66. As with the embodiment of Figure 9, the liquid-receiving structure 66 can be flooded with a non-reactive gas to avoid unwanted reactions in the gas-liquid interface of the droplets or on the surface of the collected liquid reaction product. As shown in the embodiment of Fig. 11, the reactor 1 of the present invention can be applied with an additional flame barrier screen 84 away from the bottom end 32 of the stack of extruded bodies 20A-20B and the top end 34 of the 201102161, cutting the internal volume of the reactor 10 into A small area that is essentially safe. More than two extruded bodies 20A and 20B can be used to further cut the internal volume of the reactor 10, as desired. When multiple extruded bodies 20A and 20B are used in series and are cut from a single longer body and are practical, it may be considered to have the ship extruded body section 80 assist in lowering the membrane fluid flow 62 from the upper body 2A. Connect to the lower body 20B. The chamber pitch or spacing of the transitional extruded body section 8 is preferably different from the bodies 20A and 20B so that the flowing fluid can be more evenly and evenly redispersed into the lower body 20B. Smaller cell pitches can be helpful in avoiding flame propagation. Preferably, two flame barrier screens can be used on each side of the transitional extruded body 80, particularly if larger chamber sizes are used. The cross section of Figure 12 shows yet another embodiment of the present invention wherein the lower porous flame barrier layer comprises a plurality of protrusions 1〇8 aligned with the closed cells 24 or aligned plungers 26, and the alignment grooves 67 are in the form of a grid or matrix Liquid receiving structure 66. In the apparatus of the embodiment of Figure 12, reactant gas stream 48 will drive reactant fluid stream 62 away from the area directly below the open cell and to the area of protrusion 108 and groove 67. In all of the embodiments and variations of the present invention, from one chamber to another chamber in the enclosed chamber 24, one or more channels 28 extending laterally across the body 2〇 preferably have a meandering path along the second plurality The chamber is back and forth, and this path is laterally connected from the one chamber to the other chamber at or near the end of the body of the 201102161 body. By utilizing the road and the end of the body or turning over, the inner chamber wall of the body 2 can be mostly _, thus cutting the mechanical characteristics of the county, such as strength, resistance to housing, thermal shock resistance, and the like. Can be kept intact. When a high flow rate path or channel 28 is required to achieve a high heat exchange rate, in all of the embodiments and variations of the present invention, one or more of the fluid passages preferably have at least one of a plurality of connected Or more individual groups 2 of parallel channels, along the small (four) direction, as shown and described above with respect to FIG. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a plan view of a reactor assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention comprising extruding a plurality of chamber objects or honeycomb bodies showing a flow path in a plane perpendicular to the chamber. Figure 2 is a side elevational view of a reactor assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, comprising the extrusion of a plurality of chamber objects or honeycomb bodies of Figure 1, which shows the flow path for further details. - Figure 3 is closed. The small chamber cross-section of one or both ends of the extruded object shows a method that can be used in this (4) small_interactive connection. , Fig. 4 is a sectional view of a chamber closed at one or both ends of the extruded object. Another method for interfacing the chambers of the present invention is shown. 201102161 Figures 5A-5D are plan views of the end of the extruded object 20 showing alternating patterns of posts 26 or continuous plunger material 26 corresponding to the pattern enclosed in the underlying cells. Figure 6 is a cross-section of the extruded object 20 showing the liquid and gaseous reactants as well as the heat exchange fluid distribution. Figure 7 is a perspective view showing a plurality of objects 20A-20D arranged in a portion of a single reactor 10. Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a flame barrier layer having a flame barrier screen type. Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the porous flame barrier layers 96, 98 structure and arranged to facilitate reactant fluid distribution. Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of a porous flame barrier layer 96 that is structured and arranged to facilitate reactant fluid distribution. Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of a porous flame barrier layer 96, 98. Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of a porous flame barrier layer 98 in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] Reaction 1 § 10; reactor element 12; extruded body 2〇, 2〇A_2〇D; first-group multi-chamber 22; second group of multiple chambers 24; group 25; non-porous column Plug 26, 26A-E; porous plunger 27; fluid channel 28; input 淳3〇, win. 16 201102161; output 埠31, 31^-310; body end 32, 34; gas reaction stream 48; liquid 61; Reaction stream 62; collection liquid 63; liquid reservoir 64; liquid receiving structure 66; annular groove 67; transition extruded body section 80; flame barrier screen 84; crossover conduit 88; dispersion conduit 90; porous distribution layer 92; Barrier layer material 94; porous flame barrier layer 96, 98; non-planar surface 99; air curtain containment structure 100; raised edge 101; cladding panel 102; opening 103; arrow 104; liquid removal structure 106;