201036285 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明涉及一種電路，尤其涉及一種防觸電插座電路。 【先前技術】 按，隨著家用電器的普及，電器插座已經成為千家萬戶 的必備用品。由於兒童的好奇心強，所以往往會拿一些鐵釘、 銅絲或其他物品朝孔内以及使用者在插設插頭時往往不慎而 容易產生觸電。 為了安全，插座往往設置有相應的防觸電保護機制。中 國大陸專利第200820105388號揭示了一種防觸電插座，其包 括座板、扣合在座板上的座體、多個電極及多個絕緣塊。座 板上開設有插孔。電極設置在座體上並位於座板的插孔下 方。絕緣塊置於插孔與電極之間，絕緣塊上開設有上下貫穿 的與座板上的插孔對應的穿孔。在插頭的插接端子未完全插 入本防觸電插座時，插接端子僅與絕緣塊接觸，而不與防觸 電插座電性導通，從而使該防觸電插座可達到防觸電的功效。 又如中國大陸專利第200720014111號揭示了一種防觸電 插座，包括外殼、插口、金屬觸片和導線，在外殼表面對應 各個插口加工圓形螺紋槽，螺紋槽的圓心為插口中心；在螺 紋槽表面螺紋連接旋轉蓋，旋轉蓋表面另開設一對插口，插 口與外殼插口大小、位置、間距保持一致；在外殼上螺紋槽 内邊緣的位置處加工有凸起擋板，旋轉蓋内壁也設有凸起擋 板，兩塊擋板之間彈簧連接。接通電源時，先把電源插頭插 入旋轉蓋表面的插口内，擠壓彈簧，轉動旋轉蓋，當旋轉蓋 插口與外殼插口重合時，把電源插頭向下插入外殼插口與金 屬觸片接觸實現通電，最終實現防觸電之目的。 201036285 惟，上述之插孔擋件結構及旋蓋插孔結構等皆以機械結 構設計來達到防觸電之目的，因而安全性差且不方便使用者 使用。 【發明内容】 本發明的主要目的係針對上述習知技術存在之缺陷提供 一種設置於插座内從而可提高插座安全性及方便使用者使用 的防觸電插座電路。 為實現上述目的，本發明提供了一種防觸電插座電路， 其包括一電源供應單元、一偵測單元及一開關單元。電源供 〇 應單元係用於將輸入之電源進行降壓及整流，並輸出一電壓 供偵測單元與開關單元使用；偵測單元係利用發送與接收偵 測光線，以判斷插頭插腳是否正確插入插孔中，並據此發送 開關控制訊號；開關單元用於接收所述開關控制訊號，並根 據開關控制訊號控制電感式開關進行導通或斷開，而使該防 觸電插座提供或不提供電源。 綜上所述，本發明防觸電插座電路藉由偵測單元用於偵 測判斷插頭插腳是否正確插入插孔中，並據此發送控制訊 Q 號，開關單元接收所述控制訊號並根據控制訊號控制電源的 導通與斷開，因而達到防觸電之目的，進而安全性好及方便 使用者使用。 【實施方式】 為詳細說明本發明之技術内容、構造特徵、所達成的目 的及功效，以下茲例舉一實施例並配合圖式詳予說明。 請參閱第一圖，本發明防觸電插座電路100包括一電源 供應單元1、一偵測單元2及一開關單元3。電源供應單元1 包括一降壓電路11、一整流濾波電路12及一穩壓電路13。降 5 201036285 壓電路11包括相互並聯的一降壓電容Cl及一第一電阻R1， 降壓電容Cl及第一電阻R1之一端電性連接有電源輸入火線 端Lin’而降壓電容C1及第一電阻ri另一端電性連接至整流 濾波電路12。降壓電路11用於對外部電源降壓。 整流濾波電路12包括相互連接的一第一整流二極體 BD1、一第二整流二極體BD2、一第三整流二極體BD3及一 第四整流二極體BD4。第一整流二極體BD1之負極電性連接 至所述降壓電容C1及第一電阻之一端，第一整流二極體 BD1之正極及第二整流一極體BD3之正極電性連接至地.第 三整流二極體BD3之負極及第四整流二極體BD4之正極與電 源輸入零線端Nin電性連接；第二整流二極體BD2之負極及 第四整流二極體BD4之負極電性連接至穩壓電路13。第二整 流二極體BD2之負極及第四整流二極體BD4之負極也電性連 接至一濾波電容C2的正極，該濾波電容C2之另一端電性連 接至地，該濾波電容C2用於將整流濾波電路12輸出之電壓 進行濾波。 所述穩壓電路13為兩相互並聯的第一穩壓二極體di及 一第二穩壓二極體D2。所述整流濾波電路12及穩壓電路13 之間連接有一第二電阻R2，該第二電阻R2之一端與第二整 流二極體BD2之負極及第四整流二極體BD4之負極相連接， 另一端與第一穩壓二極體D1和第二穩壓二極體D2相連接。 穩壓電路13將整流濾波電路12輸出之電壓進行穩壓。該電 源供應單元1係將輸入之電源進行調整並輸出一特定電壓供 偵測單元2及開關單元3使用。 福測單元2包括位置相對的一光發射單元21及一光接收 單元22。光發射單元21包括相互並聯的一第一發光元件E1、 一第二發光元件E2及一第三發光元件E3。光發射單元21之 201036285 一端接地，另一端連接有一第三電阻R3，該第三電阻R3之 另一端電性連接至第二穩壓二極體D2之一端。本實例中第一 發光元件E1、第二發光元件E2及第三發光元件E3為紅外線 發射器。 光接收單元22包括相互並聯的一第一感光元件T1、一第 二感光元件T2及一第三感光元件T3。光接收單元22之一端 連接有一第四電阻R4,該第四電阻R4之另一端電性連接至 第二穩壓二極體D2之一端；光接收單元22之另一端連接有 一第五電阻R5,該第五電阻R5之另一端接地。第一感光元 Ο 件T1、第二感光元件T2及第三感光元件T3與所述第一發光 元件E卜第二發光元件E2及第三發光元件E3位置——相對 並位於插座之插孔兩側。本實施例中，第一感光元件T1、一 第二感光元件T2及一第三感光元件T3為光敏電阻。 所述開關單元3包括一引導電流二極體D3、一發光單元 D4、一第一開關元件Q1、一第二開關元件Q2、一第六電阻 R6、一第七電阻R7、一第八電阻R8及一電感式開關元件S卜 本實施例中，第一開關元件Q1及第二開關元件Q2為電晶體， q 第七電阻R7之一端與第二開關元件Q2之集電極相連，另一 端與第二開關元件Q2之發射極相連並電性連接至地，第二開 關元件Q2之基極與第五電阻R5之一端相連。第六電阻R6 之一端與第二開關元件Q2之集電極、第一開關元件Q1之基 極和第七電阻R7 —端電性連接，另一端電性連接至第二穩壓 二極體D2之一端。第一開關元件Q1之基極與第七電阻R7 之一端連接，發射極接地，集電極電性連接至引導電流二極 體D3之一端，引導電流二極體D3之另一端電性連接至第二 穩壓二極體D2。引導電流二極體D3用於引導第一開關元件 Q1斷開時回流的電流，從而可保護第一開關元件Q1。 7 201036285 本實施例中，電感式開關元件si為一電磁繼電器。電感 式開關元件S1中的開關一端電性連接至電源輸入火線端L in，另一接線端與第八電阻R8之一端相連。第八電阻R8之 一端連接電源輸出火線端Lout，另一端則電性連接至發光單 元D4。發光單元D4之另一端連接電源輸出零線端Nout及電 性連接至電源輸入零線端Nin。當插頭插入插座時，藉由電源 輸出火線端Lout及電源輸出零線端Nout與外部插頭插腳電性 連接。本實施例中所述發光單元D4為一發光二極體，發光單 元D4當所述電感式開關元件S1因有電源激磁而為導通狀態 時會發出亮光，因而作為開關指示燈用。 當插頭沒有插入插座之插孔前，所述第一發光元件E1、 第二發光元件E2及第三發光元件E3所發出的偵測光線均被 相應的第一感光元件T1、第二感光元件T2及第三感光元件 T3接收，從而使第五電阻R5有電流通過，進而可有一高電 壓控制訊號傳送至所述第二開關元件Q2，高電壓控制訊號驅 動該第二開關元件Q2導通，從而第一開關元件Q1斷開，故 電感式開關元件S1因無電源激磁而為斷開狀態，電源輸出火 線端Lout無電源輸出，則插座無電源輸出。當插頭之插腳少 於三個插入插座時（插腳不正確插入插座的插孔中或為異物插 入），從而使第五電阻R5有電流通過，因而插座亦無電源輸 出。 當插頭正確插入插座後，相應的所述第一發光元件E1、 第二發光元件E2及第三發光元件E3所發出的偵測光線被插 頭之端子擋住，因而第五電阻R5無電流通過，第二開關單元 Q2接收到為一低電壓控制訊號而為截止狀態，從而第七電阻 R7有電流通過並促使第一開關元件Q1導通，故該電感式開 關元件S1因有電源激磁而為導通狀態，電源輸出火線端Lout 201036285 有電源輸出，則插座有電源輸出。 綜上所述，本發明防觸電插座電路100藉由偵測單元2 發送與接收偵測光線來偵測判斷插頭之插腳是否正確插入插 座的插孔中，從而控制插座的電源導通或斷開，因而達到防 觸電插座之目的，進而安全性好且方便使用者使用。 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖係本發明防觸電插座電路之一種實施例的電路 圖0 【主要元件符號說明】201036285 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a circuit, and more particularly to an anti-shock socket circuit. [Prior Art] According to the popularity of household appliances, electrical outlets have become a must-have item for thousands of households. Because children's curiosity is strong, they tend to take some nails, copper wire or other objects into the hole and the user often inadvertently inserts the plug and is prone to electric shock. For safety, the socket is often provided with a corresponding anti-shock protection mechanism. Chinese Patent No. 200820105388 discloses an anti-shock socket comprising a seat plate, a seat body fastened to the seat plate, a plurality of electrodes and a plurality of insulating blocks. A socket is provided on the seat plate. The electrodes are placed on the base and below the socket of the seat plate. The insulating block is disposed between the jack and the electrode, and the insulating block is provided with a through hole corresponding to the jack on the seat plate. When the plug terminal of the plug is not fully inserted into the anti-shock socket, the plug terminal only contacts the insulating block, and is not electrically connected to the anti-shock socket, so that the anti-shock socket can achieve the effect of preventing electric shock. In addition, as disclosed in Chinese Patent No. 200720014111, an anti-shock socket includes a casing, a socket, a metal contact piece and a wire, and a circular thread groove is processed corresponding to each socket on the surface of the casing, and the center of the thread groove is the center of the socket; The rotating cover is screwed, and a pair of sockets are additionally formed on the surface of the rotating cover. The socket is consistent with the size, position and spacing of the socket; the convex baffle is processed at the inner edge of the thread groove on the outer casing, and the inner wall of the rotating cover is also convex. The baffle is opened and the two baffles are spring-connected. When the power is turned on, first insert the power plug into the socket on the surface of the rotating cover, squeeze the spring, and rotate the rotating cover. When the rotating cover socket coincides with the housing socket, insert the power plug down into the housing socket to make contact with the metal contact. Finally, the purpose of preventing electric shock is achieved. 201036285 However, the above-mentioned jack stopper structure and capping jack structure are designed in a mechanical structure to prevent electric shock, and thus the safety is poor and inconvenient for the user. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The main object of the present invention is to provide an anti-shock socket circuit that is disposed in a socket to improve the safety of the socket and is convenient for the user to use in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art. To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an anti-shock socket circuit including a power supply unit, a detecting unit and a switching unit. The power supply unit is used for stepping down and rectifying the input power, and outputting a voltage for the detecting unit and the switch unit; the detecting unit is configured to transmit and receive the detected light to determine whether the plug pin is correctly inserted. And receiving a switch control signal according to the switch; the switch unit is configured to receive the switch control signal, and control the inductive switch to be turned on or off according to the switch control signal, so that the anti-shock socket provides or does not provide power. In summary, the anti-shock socket circuit of the present invention is used by the detecting unit to detect whether the plug pin is correctly inserted into the jack, and according to the control signal Q number, the switch unit receives the control signal and according to the control signal. Controlling the conduction and disconnection of the power supply, thus achieving the purpose of preventing electric shock, thereby ensuring safety and user convenience. [Embodiment] In order to explain the technical contents, structural features, objectives and effects of the present invention in detail, an embodiment will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. Referring to the first figure, the anti-shock socket circuit 100 of the present invention comprises a power supply unit 1, a detecting unit 2 and a switching unit 3. The power supply unit 1 includes a step-down circuit 11, a rectifying and filtering circuit 12, and a voltage stabilizing circuit 13.降 5 201036285 The voltage circuit 11 includes a step-down capacitor C1 and a first resistor R1 connected in parallel with each other, and one end of the step-down capacitor C1 and the first resistor R1 is electrically connected with a power input line terminal Lin' and a step-down capacitor C1 and The other end of the first resistor ri is electrically connected to the rectifying and filtering circuit 12. The buck circuit 11 is used to step down the external power supply. The rectifying and filtering circuit 12 includes a first rectifying diode BD1, a second rectifying diode BD2, a third rectifying diode BD3, and a fourth rectifying diode BD4 connected to each other. The anode of the first rectifying diode BD1 is electrically connected to one end of the step-down capacitor C1 and the first resistor, and the anode of the first rectifying diode BD1 and the anode of the second rectifying body BD3 are electrically connected to the ground. The anode of the third rectifier diode BD3 and the anode of the fourth rectifier diode BD4 are electrically connected to the power input zero terminal Nin; the cathode of the second rectifier diode BD2 and the cathode of the fourth rectifier diode BD4 It is electrically connected to the voltage stabilization circuit 13. The negative electrode of the second rectifying diode BD2 and the negative electrode of the fourth rectifying diode BD4 are also electrically connected to the positive electrode of a filter capacitor C2. The other end of the filter capacitor C2 is electrically connected to the ground, and the filter capacitor C2 is used for The voltage output from the rectifying and filtering circuit 12 is filtered. The voltage stabilizing circuit 13 is a first voltage stabilizing diode di and a second voltage stabilizing diode D2 connected in parallel with each other. A second resistor R2 is connected between the rectifying and filtering circuit 12 and the voltage stabilizing circuit 13. One end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the cathode of the second rectifying diode BD2 and the cathode of the fourth rectifying diode BD4. The other end is connected to the first voltage stabilizing diode D1 and the second voltage stabilizing diode D2. The voltage stabilizing circuit 13 regulates the voltage output from the rectifying and filtering circuit 12. The power supply unit 1 adjusts the input power supply and outputs a specific voltage for use by the detecting unit 2 and the switching unit 3. The measurement unit 2 includes a light emitting unit 21 and a light receiving unit 22 that are opposite in position. The light emitting unit 21 includes a first light emitting element E1, a second light emitting element E2, and a third light emitting element E3 connected in parallel with each other. One end of the light-emitting unit 21 is connected to one end, and the other end is connected to a third resistor R3. The other end of the third resistor R3 is electrically connected to one end of the second voltage stabilizing diode D2. In the present example, the first light-emitting element E1, the second light-emitting element E2, and the third light-emitting element E3 are infrared emitters. The light receiving unit 22 includes a first photosensitive element T1, a second photosensitive element T2, and a third photosensitive element T3 which are connected in parallel with each other. One end of the light receiving unit 22 is connected to a fourth resistor R4, and the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is electrically connected to one end of the second voltage stabilizing diode D2; the other end of the light receiving unit 22 is connected to a fifth resistor R5. The other end of the fifth resistor R5 is grounded. The first photosensitive element T1, the second photosensitive element T2 and the third photosensitive element T3 are positioned opposite to the first light-emitting element E, the second light-emitting element E2 and the third light-emitting element E3, and are located at the socket of the socket. side. In this embodiment, the first photosensitive element T1, the second photosensitive element T2 and the third photosensitive element T3 are photosensitive resistors. The switch unit 3 includes a current guiding diode D3, a light emitting unit D4, a first switching element Q1, a second switching element Q2, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, and an eighth resistor R8. And an inductive switching element S. In this embodiment, the first switching element Q1 and the second switching element Q2 are transistors, and q one end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the collector of the second switching element Q2, and the other end is The emitter of the second switching element Q2 is connected and electrically connected to the ground, and the base of the second switching element Q2 is connected to one end of the fifth resistor R5. One end of the sixth resistor R6 is electrically connected to the collector of the second switching element Q2, the base of the first switching element Q1 and the seventh resistor R7, and the other end is electrically connected to the second voltage stabilizing diode D2. One end. The base of the first switching element Q1 is connected to one end of the seventh resistor R7, the emitter is grounded, and the collector is electrically connected to one end of the current guiding diode D3, and the other end of the current guiding diode D3 is electrically connected to the first Two voltage regulator diodes D2. The current-carrying diode D3 is used to guide the current that flows back when the first switching element Q1 is turned off, so that the first switching element Q1 can be protected. 7 201036285 In this embodiment, the inductive switching element si is an electromagnetic relay. One end of the switch in the inductive switching element S1 is electrically connected to the power input terminal L in, and the other terminal is connected to one end of the eighth resistor R8. One end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the power output terminal Lout, and the other end is electrically connected to the light emitting unit D4. The other end of the light-emitting unit D4 is connected to the power output zero line terminal Nout and electrically connected to the power input zero line terminal Nin. When the plug is inserted into the socket, the power output terminal Lout and the power output neutral terminal Nout are electrically connected to the external plug pins. In the embodiment, the light-emitting unit D4 is a light-emitting diode, and the light-emitting unit D4 emits bright light when the inductive switching element S1 is turned on due to power supply excitation, and thus is used as a switch indicator light. Before the plug is not inserted into the socket of the socket, the detection light emitted by the first light-emitting element E1, the second light-emitting element E2 and the third light-emitting element E3 is respectively corresponding to the first photosensitive element T1 and the second photosensitive element T2. And receiving the third photosensitive element T3, so that the fifth resistor R5 has a current, and a high voltage control signal can be transmitted to the second switching element Q2, and the high voltage control signal drives the second switching element Q2 to be turned on, thereby When one switching element Q1 is turned off, the inductive switching element S1 is turned off due to no power source excitation, and the power supply output terminal Lout has no power output, and the outlet has no power output. When the pin of the plug is less than three insertion sockets (the pins are not correctly inserted into the socket of the socket or inserted into the foreign body), the fifth resistor R5 has a current to pass therethrough, and thus the socket has no power output. When the plug is correctly inserted into the socket, the detection light emitted by the corresponding first light-emitting element E1, the second light-emitting element E2, and the third light-emitting element E3 is blocked by the terminal of the plug, so that the fifth resistor R5 has no current, The second switching unit Q2 is in an off state when receiving a low voltage control signal, so that the seventh resistor R7 has a current passing through and causes the first switching element Q1 to be turned on. Therefore, the inductive switching element S1 is turned on due to power supply excitation. The power output terminal Lout 201036285 has a power output, and the outlet has a power output. In summary, the anti-shock socket circuit 100 of the present invention detects and determines whether the pin of the plug is correctly inserted into the socket of the socket by detecting and receiving the detection light, thereby controlling the power of the socket to be turned on or off. Therefore, the purpose of the anti-electricity socket is achieved, and the safety is good and convenient for the user. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The first figure is a circuit of an embodiment of the anti-shock socket circuit of the present invention. FIG. 0 [Description of main component symbols]
防觸電插座電路 100 電源供應單元 1 降壓電路 11 整流濾波電路 12 穩壓電路 13 降壓電容 C1 第一電阻 R1 第二電阻 R2 第一整流二極體 BD1 第二整流二極體 BD2 第三整流二極體 BD3 第四整流二極體 BD4 濾波電容 C2 第一穩壓二極體 D1 第二穩壓二極體 D2 偵測單元 2 光發射單元 21 光接收單元 22 第一發光元件 E1 第二發光元件 E2 第三發光元件 E3 第一感光元件 T1 第二感光元件 T2 第三感光元件 T3 第三電阻 R3 第四電阻 R4 第五電阻 R5 開關單元 3 第一開關元件 Q1 第二開關元件 Q2 電感式開關元件 S1 引導電流二極體 D3 發光單元 D4 9 201036285 第六電阻 R6 第七電阻 R7 第八電阻 R8 電源輸入火線端 Lin 電源輸入零線端 Nin 電源輸出火線端 Lout 電源輸出零線端 NoutAnti-shock socket circuit 100 Power supply unit 1 Step-down circuit 11 Rectifier filter circuit 12 Voltage regulator circuit 13 Buck capacitor C1 First resistor R1 Second resistor R2 First rectifying diode BD1 Second rectifying diode BD2 Third rectification Diode BD3 Fourth rectifying diode BD4 Filter capacitor C2 First regulator diode D1 Second regulator diode D2 Detection unit 2 Light emitting unit 21 Light receiving unit 22 First light-emitting element E1 Second light Element E2 Third Light Emitting Element E3 First Photosensitive Element T1 Second Photosensitive Element T2 Third Photosensitive Element T3 Third Resistor R3 Fourth Resistor R4 Fifth Resistor R5 Switching Unit 3 First Switching Element Q1 Second Switching Element Q2 Inductive Switch Component S1 Guide current diode D3 Light unit D4 9 201036285 Sixth resistor R6 Seventh resistor R7 Eight resistor R8 Power input Fire terminal Lin Power input zero terminal Nin Power output Fire terminal Lout Power output zero terminal Nout