201028570 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明爲具有可藉電源之電能經電馬達操控裝置 •驅動電馬達作正轉或反轉之雙迴轉方向，以驅動恆向輸出 - 傳動裝置之輸入端，而經恆向輸出傳動裝置之輸出端，以 藉具有不同變速比之恆向輸出傳動裝置，在不同驅動輸入 方向時作不同變速比之恆定迴轉方向輸出以驅動負載輪 ' 組，本發明可供應用於電馬達驅動之電動腳踏車、電動機 Ο 車、或電動車輛等載具、或電動產業機械者。 【先前技術】 : 傳統電馬達驅動系統之變速輸出，除操控電馬達 變速外，通常須由CVT或排檔方式完成，其構造複雜、 成本高、傳動效率差。 【發明内容】 本發明爲具有特定之可作雙迴轉方向輸入之電馬 • 達，其輸出端供輸往恆向輸出傳動裝置之輸入端，而經恆 - 向輸出傳動裝置之輸出端，作恒定迴轉方向輸出，以驅動 負載輪組，使用者可作電馬達運轉方向之操控，以改變驅 動輸入方向，而藉具有不同變速比之恆向輸出傳動裝置， 在不同驅動輸入方向時作不同變速比之恒定迴轉方向輸 出者。 3 201028570 【實施方式】 本發明爲一種具有可藉電馬達作正轉或反轉之雙迴轉 方向，驅動恆向輸出傳動裝置之輸入端，而經恆向輸出傳 動裝置之輸出端，以藉具有不同變速比之恆向輸出傳動裝 置，在不同驅動輸入方向時作不同變速比之恆定迴轉方向 輸出以驅動負載輪組’本發明可供應用於電馬達驅動之電 動腳踏車、電動機車、或電動車輛等載具、或電動產業機 械者。 p 如圖1所示爲本發明雙向輸入恆向輸出之電馬達驅動系 統之基本構成方塊示意圖。 圖2爲圖1在電馬達（1〇1)與恆向輸出傳動裝置（1〇2)之 間加設傳動裝置（104)之驅動系統構成方塊示意圖。 圖3爲圖1在恆向輸出傳動裝置（1〇2)與驅動負載輪組 (103)之間加設傳動裝置（1〇4)之驅動系統構成方塊示意圖。 圖4爲圖1在電馬達（101)與恆向輸出傳動裝置（102)、 及在恆向輸出傳動裝置（1 02)與驅動負載輪組（1 〇3)之間加 ®設傳動裝置（104)之驅動系統構成方塊示意圖。 如圖1、圖2、圖3及圖4所示，此項雙向輸入恆向輸 出之電馬達驅動系統，爲藉由輸入裝置（ηι)之操作信號或 指令’以將電能供給裝置（100)之電能經電馬達操控裝置 (110)對電馬達（101) ’作第一驅動迴轉方向或不同迴轉方向 之第二迴轉方向驅動，電馬達（101)輸出端所輸出之迴轉動 目匕’直接、或經傳動裝置（104)輸往怪向輸出傳動裝置（102) 之輸入端’以藉具有不同變速比之恆向輸出傳動裝置，在 4 201028570 不同驅動輸入方向時作不同變速比之恆定迴轉方向輸出迴 轉動能，供驅動負載輪組（103)者，如圖1〜圖4所示，其 中： 一一電馬達（101):爲由各種交流或直流、無刷或有刷、同步 .或異步運轉之電能驅動之電馬達，並可作正反轉之運轉者； ——電馬達操控裝置（110):爲由機電元件或裝置、或固態電 ' 子元件或裝置、或具有微處理器及相關軟體之控制電路所 • 構成，供輸入來自市電或發電機之交流或直流電源、或來 Q 自燃料電池、一次電池、或可儲放電之二次電池等電能供 給裝置（100)之電能’以對電馬達（101)作開或關、轉向、轉 速、扭力作操控及作過電壓、或過電流之保護者； 一一輸入裝置（Π1):爲供對電馬達操控裝置（lio)，發出對電 馬達（101)之開或關、迴轉方向、轉速、扭力之操控或設定 之信號或指令者； 一一電馬達（101)第一驅動迴轉方向之動能及第二驅動迴轉 方向之輸入動能，爲供驅動恆向輸出傳動裝置（102)之輸入 ’端者； -—一第一驅動迴轉方向與第二驅動迴轉方向爲相反方向者； —一恆向輸出傳動裝置（102):恆向輸出傳動裝置（1〇2)爲能 直接、或經傳動裝置（104)接受來自電馬達（1()1)之不同迴轉 方向動能，而輸出恆定迴轉方向動能；構成恆向輸出傳動 裝置（1〇2)內部之傳動組件，含由1}齒輪組；或2)磨擦輪組； 或3)鍵條及鍵輪組；或4)皮帶及皮帶輪組；或5)傳動曲柄 及輪組；或6)流體傳動裝置；或7)電磁力傳動裝置等所構 201028570 成，或由上述其中一種或一種以上傳動組件構成者；恆向 輸出傳動裝置（102)於輸入不同迴轉方向之第一驅動迴轉方 向與第二驅動迴轉方向驅動時，輸入端對作恆定迴轉方向 輸出端之速比，可爲相同者、或不同者、或可變速比者； 一一負載輪組（103):爲由恆向輸出傳動裝置（102)輸出端所 直接驅動、或經傳動裝置（104)作恆定單轉向驅動之輪組型 ' 負載者。 • 此項雙向輸入恆向輸出之電馬達驅動系統，進一步可 〇 在恆向輸出傳動裝置（102)與負載輪組（103)之間、或電馬達 (1 〇 1)與恆向輸出傳動裝置（102)之間、或電馬達（1 〇 1)與恆向 輸出傳動裝置（102)之間及恆向輸出傳動裝置（1〇2)與負載 '輪組（103)之間加設傳動裝置（104)者； 如圖2爲圖1在電馬達（101)與恆向輸出傳動裝置（102) 之間加設傳動裝置（104)之驅動系統構成方塊示意圖。 如圖3爲圖1在恆向輸出傳動裝置（102)與驅動負載輪組 (103)之間加設傳動裝置（104)之驅動系統構成方塊示意圖。201028570 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention is a double-rotation direction in which a power source can be powered by an electric motor control device or a drive motor for forward rotation or reverse rotation to drive a constant output - a transmission device The input end, and the output end of the constant-direction output transmission device, by means of a constant-direction output transmission device with different gear ratios, output a constant rotation direction output of different gear ratios in different drive input directions to drive the load wheel' group, The present invention is applicable to a vehicle such as an electric bicycle driven by an electric motor, an electric motor brake, or an electric vehicle, or an electric industrial machine. [Prior Art]: The variable speed output of the conventional electric motor drive system, in addition to the control of the electric motor, usually has to be completed by CVT or gear shifting, which is complicated in structure, high in cost, and inefficient in transmission. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is an electric horse having a specific input for double-rotation direction, the output end of which is supplied to the input end of the constant-direction output transmission device, and the output end of the constant-direction output transmission device is made. Constant rotation direction output to drive the load wheel set, the user can control the running direction of the electric motor to change the drive input direction, and use the constant direction output transmission with different gear ratios to make different shifts in different drive input directions. Outputr is more constant than the direction of rotation. 3 201028570 [Embodiment] The present invention has a double-rotation direction that can be rotated forward or reverse by an electric motor, drives an input end of a constant-direction output transmission device, and passes through an output end of the constant-direction output transmission device. Constant-direction output transmissions with different gear ratios, which are driven in different directions of rotation with different speed ratios to drive the load wheel set. The invention can be applied to an electric bicycle driven by an electric motor, an electric motor vehicle, or an electric vehicle. Such as vehicles, or electric industry machinery. p is a block diagram showing the basic structure of the electric motor drive system for bidirectional input constant output according to the present invention. Figure 2 is a block diagram showing the construction of the drive system of Figure 1 with the transmission (104) between the electric motor (1〇1) and the constant-direction output transmission (1〇2). Fig. 3 is a block diagram showing the construction of the drive system of the transmission device (1〇4) between the constant output drive unit (1〇2) and the drive load wheel unit (103). Figure 4 is a diagram showing the transmission of the electric motor (101) and the constant-direction output transmission (102), and between the constant-direction output transmission (102) and the drive load wheel set (1 〇3). 104) The drive system constitutes a block diagram. As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the bidirectional input constant direction output electric motor drive system is an electric power supply device (100) by an operation signal or an instruction of an input device (n1). The electric energy is driven by the electric motor control device (110) to the electric motor (101) as the first driving direction of rotation or the second direction of rotation of the different direction of rotation, and the output of the output of the electric motor (101) is turned back to the direction of direct Or through the transmission device (104) to the input end of the odd-direction output transmission device (102) to use a constant-direction output transmission device with different gear ratios to make a constant rotation of different gear ratios in different driving input directions on 4 201028570 The direction output returns the rotational energy for driving the load wheel set (103), as shown in Figures 1 to 4, wherein: one electric motor (101): for various alternating current or direct current, brushless or brushed, synchronized. Asynchronously operated electric-powered electric motor, and can be used as a forward and reverse operator; - electric motor control device (110): for electromechanical components or devices, or solid-state electric components or devices, or with a microprocessor And related software control The circuit is configured to input an AC or DC power source from a mains or generator, or a power supply device (100) from a fuel cell, a primary battery, or a secondary battery that can be stored or discharged. (101) for opening or closing, steering, speed, torque control and overvoltage, or overcurrent protection; one input device (Π1): for the electric motor control device (lio), the electric motor (101) The signal or command of the opening or closing, the turning direction, the rotating speed, the torque control or the setting; the electric energy of the first driving electric direction of the electric motor (101) and the input kinetic energy of the second driving rotation direction are provided for Driving the input of the constant output transmission device (102); - a first drive rotation direction and a second drive rotation direction are opposite directions; - a constant output transmission device (102): a constant direction output transmission device (1〇2) is capable of receiving kinetic energy from different directions of rotation of the electric motor (1()1) directly or via the transmission device (104), and outputting kinetic energy in a constant direction of rotation; forming a constant-direction output transmission device (1〇2) Internal Moving assembly, comprising: 1} gear set; or 2) friction wheel set; or 3) key bar and key wheel set; or 4) belt and pulley set; or 5) drive crank and wheel set; or 6) fluid drive Or 7) an electromagnetic force transmission device or the like, or one or more of the above-mentioned transmission components; the constant output transmission device (102) inputs the first driving rotation direction and the second driving in different rotation directions When driving in the direction of rotation, the speed ratio of the input end to the output direction of the constant rotation direction may be the same, or different, or the speed ratio; one load wheel set (103): for the constant direction output transmission ( 102) A wheel-type loader that is driven directly at the output or that is driven by the transmission (104) for constant single steering. • This bi-directional input constant-direction output electric motor drive system can further be used between the constant-direction output transmission (102) and the load wheel set (103), or the electric motor (1 〇 1) and the constant-direction output transmission Between (102), or between the electric motor (1 〇 1) and the constant output transmission (102) and between the constant output transmission (1〇2) and the load 'wheel (103) (104); Figure 2 is a block diagram showing the driving system of the transmission device (104) between the electric motor (101) and the constant output transmission device (102). 3 is a block diagram showing the construction of the drive system of the transmission device (104) between the constant output drive unit (102) and the drive load wheel unit (103).
A ^ 如圖4爲圖1在電馬達（101)與恆向輸出傳動裝置 . (102)、及在恆向輸出傳動裝置（102)與驅動負載輪組（103) 之間加設傳動裝置（104)之驅動系統構成方塊示意圖。 —傳動裝置（104):傳動裝置（104)包括由以下一種或一種 以上傳動裝置所構成，含：1)固定速比之各種齒輪式、皮 帶式、摩擦式等迴轉式傳動功能結構所構成；或2)藉人力、 或機力、或流力、或離心力'或轉矩、或反轉矩操作之有 段或無段變速裝置所構成；或3)可操控切換輸入端與輸出 201028570 端之相對迴轉方向關係之傳動裝置所構成；或4)由人力、 或機力、或電磁力、或流力、或離心力、或轉矩、或反轉 矩等所操作之離合裝置，或單向傳動離合裝置（single way • clutch)，以作聯結傳動或中斷傳動之離合功能裝置所構成 • 者。 上述雙向輸入恆向輸出之電馬達驅動系統，爲由人工 ' 操作輸入裝置（111 )，經電馬達操控裝置（11 〇)對電馬達（1 〇 1) - 之轉向作操控運作。 φ 此外’此項雙向輸入恆向輸出之電馬達驅動系統，亦 可藉加設電馬達負載電流檢測裝置（109)，以自動隨負載電 流切換輸出之速比者； -圖5所示爲本發明雙向輸入恆向輸出之電馬達驅動系 -統設有電馬達負載電流檢測裝置之基本構成方塊示意圖。 圖6爲圖5在電馬達（101)與恆向輸出傳動裝置（1 〇2) 之間加設傳動裝置（1 04)之驅動系統構成方塊示意圖。 圖7爲圖5在恆向輸出傳動裝置（1〇2)與驅動負載輪組 (103)之間加設傳動裝置（104)之驅動系統構成方塊示意圖。 圖8爲圖5在電馬達（101)與恆向輸出傳動裝置（1〇2)、 及在恆向輸出傳動裝置（102)與驅動負載輪組（1〇3)之間加 設傳動裝置（1〇4)之驅動系統構成方塊示意圖。 上述圖5〜圖8，爲此項雙向輸入恆向輸出之電馬達驅 動系統，進一步設置電馬達負載電流檢測裝置（109)，電馬 達負載電流檢測裝置（109)可爲藉由各種降壓式電流檢測裝 置、或電磁效應感應式電流檢測裝置、或磁檢測式電流檢 7 201028570 測裝置、或積熱式電流檢測裝置所構成者，爲供檢測電馬 達（101)之負載電流以迴授至電馬達操控裝置（110)，而在電 馬達之負載電流超過設定値之狀態，且此狀態超過設定時 間時，藉由電馬達負載電流檢測裝置（109)之信號輸往輸入 裝置（1Π)或電馬達操控裝置（Π0)以改變電馬達（101)之迴 轉方向，進而改變恆向輸出傳動裝置（102)之變速比爲相對 ' 加大減速比以增加輸出轉矩之同迴轉方向輸出以驅動負載 • 者。 Φ 而在電馬達（101)之負載電流回歸下降至設定値以內 時，可藉以下兩種方式作回歸原狀態之操控，含： 1) 由人工操作方式之操控輸入裝置（111)，以操控電馬達 操控裝置（110)使電馬達（101)回歸原迴轉方向，而以原 速比驅動負載者； 2) 藉由電馬達操控裝置（110)，在電馬達負載電流檢測裝 置（109)所檢測電流下降至設定値時，自動選擇能依該 時間驅動負載之轉速而相對於速比之變動，能對負載 ® 作順暢而不頓挫或暴衝驅動之相對輸出電量値，以驅 .動電馬達（101)順暢銜接原迴轉方向運轉者。 若此項雙向輸入恆向輸出之電馬達驅動系統，進一步 須作不同驅動方向之恆向輸出，則可以下列方式達成之： 1) 藉由電馬達操控裝置（110)操控電馬達（101)之初始驅 動方向者； 2) 另行加設馬達方向切換開關以人工切換馬達初始迴轉 方向者； 201028570 3)由傳動裝置（1〇4)其中之一作機械性切換輸出轉向及變 換速比功能之傳動裝置所構成，以供切換輸出轉向者。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1爲本發明雙向輸入恆向輸出之電馬達驅動系統 ' 之基本構成方塊示意圖。 圖2爲圖1在電馬達與恆向輸出傳動裝置之間加設 傳動裝置之驅動系統構成方塊示意圖。 圖3爲圖1在恆向輸出傳動裝置與驅動負載輪組之 間加設傳動裝置之驅動系統構成方塊示意圖。 圖4爲圖1在電馬達與恆向輸出傳動裝置及在恆向 輸出傳動裝置與驅動負載輪組之間加設傳動裝置之驅 動系統構成方塊示意圖。 圖5爲本發明雙向輸入恆向輸出之電馬達驅動系統 設有電馬達負載電流檢測裝置之基本構成方塊示意圖。 圖6爲圖5在電馬達與恆向輸出傳動裝置之間加設 ©傳動裝置之驅動系統構成方塊示意圖。 圖7爲圖5在恆向輸出傳動裝置與驅動負載輪組之 間加設傳動裝置之驅動系統構成方塊示意圖。 —圖8爲圖5在電馬達與恆向輸出傳動裝置及在恆向 #出傳動裝置與驅動負載輪組之間加設傳動裝置之驅 動系統構成方塊示意圖。 9 201028570 【主要元件符號說明】 100 :電能供給裝置 10 1 :電馬達 1 0 2 :恒向輸出傳動裝置 103 :負載輪組 104 :傳動裝置 109 :電馬達負載電流檢測裝置 110 :電馬達操控裝置 111 :輸入裝置 10A ^ Figure 4 shows the transmission between the electric motor (101) and the constant-direction output transmission (102), and between the constant-direction output transmission (102) and the drive load wheel set (103). 104) The drive system constitutes a block diagram. - Transmission device (104): The transmission device (104) comprises one or more of the following transmission devices, comprising: 1) a fixed speed ratio of various gear type, belt type, friction type and other rotary transmission function structures; Or 2) consisting of a segmented or stepless transmission with manpower, or force, or flow, or centrifugal force' or torque, or counter-torque operation; or 3) steerable switching input and output 201028570 a transmission device that is related to the direction of rotation; or 4) a clutch device that is operated by manpower, or force, or electromagnetic force, or flow force, or centrifugal force, or torque, or reverse torque, or a one-way transmission The clutch device (single way • clutch) is used for the coupling function of the coupling drive or the interrupt transmission. The electric motor drive system for the bidirectional input constant output is operated by the manual 'operation input device (111), and the electric motor (1 〇 1) - by the electric motor control device (11 〇). φ In addition, the electric motor drive system of the bidirectional input constant output can also be equipped with an electric motor load current detecting device (109) to automatically switch the output speed ratio with the load current; - Figure 5 shows the present The invention relates to an electric motor drive system for bidirectional input constant output, which is provided with a basic block diagram of an electric motor load current detecting device. Figure 6 is a block diagram showing the construction of the drive system of the transmission device (104) between the electric motor (101) and the constant output transmission device (1 〇 2). Figure 7 is a block diagram showing the construction of the drive system of the transmission device (104) between the constant output drive unit (1〇2) and the drive load wheel unit (103). Figure 8 is a diagram showing the arrangement of the transmission between the electric motor (101) and the constant-direction output transmission (1〇2), and between the constant-direction output transmission (102) and the drive load wheel set (1〇3) ( The drive system of 1〇4) is a block diagram. 5 to 8 above, the electric motor drive system of the bidirectional input constant output is further provided with an electric motor load current detecting device (109), and the electric motor load current detecting device (109) can be controlled by various bucks. The current detecting device, or the electromagnetic effect inductive current detecting device, or the magnetic detecting type current detecting 7 201028570 measuring device or the accumulated heat detecting device is configured to supply the load current of the detecting electric motor (101) to the feedback current to The electric motor controls the device (110), and when the load current of the electric motor exceeds the set state, and the state exceeds the set time, the signal of the electric motor load current detecting device (109) is sent to the input device (1Π) or The electric motor control device (Π0) changes the direction of rotation of the electric motor (101), thereby changing the gear ratio of the constant-direction output transmission device (102) to drive in the same direction of rotation as increasing the reduction ratio to increase the output torque. Load • Person. Φ When the load current of the electric motor (101) returns to within the set value, the following two methods can be used to control the return to the original state, including: 1) Manipulating the input device (111) by manual operation to control The electric motor control device (110) returns the electric motor (101) to the original rotation direction and drives the load at the original speed ratio; 2) by the electric motor control device (110), the electric motor load current detecting device (109) When the detection current drops to the setting ,, it automatically selects the speed that can drive the load according to the time and changes with respect to the speed ratio. It can smoothly and without frustrating or the relative output power of the rushing drive to drive. The motor (101) smoothly connects to the original direction of rotation. If the electric motor drive system of the bidirectional input constant output is further required to make a constant output of different driving directions, the following can be achieved: 1) The electric motor (101) is controlled by the electric motor control device (110). The initial driving direction; 2) The motor direction switching switch is additionally added to manually switch the initial direction of rotation of the motor; 201028570 3) The transmission device that mechanically switches the output steering and transforms the speed ratio function by one of the transmission devices (1〇4) It is configured to switch the output steering. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing the basic structure of an electric motor drive system of a bidirectional input constant direction output of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing the construction of a drive system for adding a transmission between the electric motor and the constant output transmission device of Fig. 1. Figure 3 is a block diagram showing the construction of the drive system of the transmission device between the constant output drive and the drive load wheel set of Figure 1. Fig. 4 is a block diagram showing the construction of the driving system of the electric motor and the constant output transmission device and the transmission device between the constant output transmission device and the driving load wheel set. Fig. 5 is a block diagram showing the basic structure of an electric motor load current detecting device provided with an electric motor in a bidirectional input constant output. Figure 6 is a block diagram showing the construction of the drive system of Figure 5 between the electric motor and the constant output drive. Fig. 7 is a block diagram showing the construction of a drive system for adding a transmission between the constant output drive unit and the drive load wheel set of Fig. 5. - Figure 8 is a block diagram showing the construction of the drive system of the electric motor and the constant direction output transmission device and the transmission between the constant direction #output transmission device and the drive load wheel set. 9 201028570 [Description of main component symbols] 100 : Power supply device 10 1 : Electric motor 1 0 2 : Constant output transmission device 103 : Load wheel set 104 : Transmission 109 : Electric motor load current detecting device 110 : Electric motor control device 111: input device 10