201018924 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關於一種管膜電性之量測系統，尤 f以同軸f管之電動流來決定管膜電性，利用内管為膜 官二而外管為參考管，流體於兩管間隙環内流動所‘發 之^線電位進行測定之管膜電性之量測系統。 【先前技術】201018924 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field of the invention] The present invention relates to a measuring system for the electrical properties of a tubular membrane, in particular, the electrical flow of a coaxial f-tube is used to determine the electrical properties of the membrane, and the inner tube is used as a membrane officer. Second, the outer tube is a reference tube, and the fluid is measured in the tube loop electrical potential of the two tubes. [Prior Art]
❹ 於f過濾分離，膜電性之評估對膜材選擇或操作條 件選定等有其重要性，但膜材電荷不易定量決定，膜使 用者大多僅憑臈材供應商所提供之訊息如膜材等電點 所含官能基等而判定電性’殊不知其電荷不僅受膜 影響外’膜材改質程度及所接觸溶液之性質如pH與離子 強度等亦有決定性的影響。近年來，隨著膜電性量測技 術漸被開發’由定量的觀點說明膜材與粒子間靜用 力對膜分離效能影響的研究漸被重視。 膜材與溶液接觸後大多帶有電荷，此雜液中盘膜 材相異電性讀子會㈣孔鶴近極化，形成所謂^電 雙層（electric double layer)，若以機械壓力迫使孔 道内溶液流動，有淨電荷之電雙層内溶液流動會產生電 流，抑制電流產生所需之反向電壓降稱之流線電位 (streaming P〇tential)，而若施一電場通過此流動孔 道兩知，所造成之孔道内液體流動稱之電滲透 (electroosmosis)。流線電位法與電滲透^是兩個較 被用以量測膜電性的方法’但以操作方便性考量應以 前者方法較佳，本計晝即採用流線電位法進 測裝置的設計。 、包丨里 由於固-液界面間真實電荷不易求得，習慣上以界達 201018924 電位（zeta potential)來說明其所帶電荷之多募，界 達電位為電雙層内剪應平面（shear plane)處之電位，早 期多以 Helmoholtz-Smoluchowski 模式（簡稱 H-s 模式） 關聯界面電動現象（electr〇kinetic properties)與界 達電位之關係，再進一步配合電動現象量測，以決定其 ，達電位，但該模式僅適用於電雙層厚度遠小於毛細孔 徑的系統，故若忽略電雙層之影響，利用這些模式配合 電動現象量測所決定之膜電位常稱之表觀界達電位 (apparent zeta potential)。於平板膜膜面之流線電 位量測時，兩平行膜面間流體流動之孔道高度遠大於電 雙層厚度，亦即電雙層重疊效應可忽略，故可直接使用 Η-S模式；但於量測膜孔内電性時，電雙層的重疊效應 使得Η-S模式之應用受到限制，該模式必需進行修正方 能得到真實電性。 " Φ 除平板膜外’管狀膜於業界應用也甚廣泛，常見有 中空纖維膜用於淨水、生化及生醫等用途，也有如生物 反應器 MBR(membrane bioreactor)及膜蒸餾（membrane distillation)等管膜之應用，薄膜使用者已認知應了解 其膜電性，方能掌握分離效能，如僅欲了解其内管膜面 之電性，則類似毛細管内平行壁面流動兩端流線電位之 量項]，應即可獲知其界達電位，而若欲測定其膜孔電性 則可由流體滲透膜孔時，量測垂直膜壁之内外兩端流線 電位，但對於復合材質且外膜面與進料端接觸的薄膜， 例如採用管狀膜之MBR，則其外膜面電性之了解較為重 要，但如何量測其外膜表面電性？不僅商業上無設備提 f此量測功能外，其量測技術至今仍未見有相關文獻觸 及’誠屬美中不足之處。 201018924 【發明内容】 本發明之一目的係提供一 ^ 圓管之電動流來决定管膜雷、種管膜電性之量挪系統，其以同轴 管，流體於兩管間隙環內法，利用内管為膜管，而外管為參考 電性。 *'所誘發之流線電位進行測定之管膜 種管膜電性之量測系統，其以同 ❹ 量測士:=之電性之，系統，用以 構成一同心圓，i上且古— .考g，係可谷置該膜管，以 -開孔與該膜管接觸:據:量::膜壓|力:針，係可經由 由另—開孔與該膜管接觸，據以量_=^ —電極’係 液槽，用以存放電解液；以及電性；一電解 ；；將該電驗加駐财考管，使該物===解液槽:用 机動所誘發之流線電位，並藉由該壓力=、考管及膜管間 為使責審查委員能進一步瞭解I極進行電性測定。 二及其目的，茲附以圖式及較佳具 明之結構、特 如后。 、題實施例之詳細說明 【實施方式】 請一併參照圖i至圖2 ’其中圖 施例之管膜電性之量測系統之方’备不本案一較佳 士案-較佳實施例之管膜電 ；：意圖；圖2繪示 圖。 号皆及膜管之示意 田如圖所示’本發明之管膜電性 置剩一膜管10上之電性，其包括：—量測系、統’係用以 壓力探針30;至少一電極40; 一 考音20 ;至少 ''定量泵60所組合而成》 電解液槽50;以及 201018924 其中，該參考管2〇例如但不限於由玻璃管或壓克力 管所製成’係可容置該膜管1G，用以構成-同心圓，且 其上具有若干開孔21〜24。 β亥壓力探針30係可經由一開孔21與該膜管1〇接 觸，據以量測f臈管1〇之壓力。在本實施例中，該壓力 探針30之數量為兩個，且分別經由孔21、23放置於該 參考管20之入口處及出口處。 該電極40係可經由另一開孔22與該膜管1〇接觸， 據以量測該膜管10之電性。在本實施例中，該電極40 ❹之數量為兩個，且分別經由孔22及24放置於該參考管 20之入口處及出口處。 該電解液槽50係用以存放電解液。且該電解液槽 50中具有一 PH值表70,用以量測該電解液槽5〇中之酸 驗值。 該定量泵60係耦接至該電解液槽5〇，用以將該電 解液加壓至該參考管20，使該電解液於該參考管2〇及 膜管10間流動所誘發之流線電位，並藉由該壓力探針 30及電極40進行電性測定。 〇 此外，該電極4〇可耦接至一電壓表80，用以量測 該電極40上之電壓。 此外’該壓力探針30可耦接至一壓力轉換器9〇， 以量測該膜管1〇上之壓力。 此外’本發明之管膜電性之量測系統’其進一步具 有緩衝槽1〇〇，係置於該定量泵60及該參考管2〇之 入口處間’用以提供該參考管2〇穩定之流壓。 對於圖1所示之同軸圓管系統’其流線電位方程為： 8 201018924 E ΔΡ过滤 Filtering separation at f, the evaluation of membrane electrical properties is important for the selection of membrane materials or the selection of operating conditions, but the charge of membranes is not easily determined quantitatively. Most membrane users only rely on information provided by coffin suppliers such as membranes. The functional group or the like contained in the isoelectric point determines that the electrical property is not known to be affected not only by the film but also by the degree of modification of the film and the properties of the contacted solution such as pH and ionic strength. In recent years, as membrane electrical measurement technology has been developed, research on the effect of membrane-to-particle static force on membrane separation efficiency has been increasingly emphasized. When the membrane is in contact with the solution, most of the charge is charged. In this miscellaneous liquid, the disc-phase heteroelectric reader will (4) the hole crane is nearly polarized, forming a so-called electric double layer, if the hole is forced by mechanical pressure. The flow of the solution in the channel, the flow of the solution in the electric double layer with net charge generates a current, and the reverse voltage drop required to suppress the current generation is called the streaming potential (streaming P〇tential), and if an electric field is applied through the flow channel two It is known that the liquid flow in the resulting channel is called electroosmosis. The streamline potential method and the electro-osmosis method are two methods used to measure the electrical conductivity of the membrane. However, it is better to consider the method of operation in consideration of the convenience of operation. The design of the streamline potential method is adopted. . Because the true charge between the solid-liquid interface is not easy to obtain, it is customary to use the potential of the 201018924 potential to indicate the charge of the charge. The boundary potential is the shear plane of the electric double layer. At the potential of the plane, the relationship between the Helmoholtz-Smoluchowski mode (Hs mode for short) and the electr〇kinetic properties and the boundary potential are further combined with the measurement of the electric phenomenon to determine its potential. However, this mode is only applicable to systems where the thickness of the electric double layer is much smaller than that of the capillary diameter. Therefore, if the influence of the electric double layer is neglected, the membrane potential determined by these modes in conjunction with the measurement of the electric phenomenon is often called the apparent zeta potential (apparent zeta). Potential). When the flow line potential of the flat membrane surface is measured, the height of the fluid flow between the two parallel membrane surfaces is much larger than the thickness of the electric double layer, that is, the overlapping effect of the electric double layer is negligible, so the Η-S mode can be directly used; When measuring the electrical properties in the pores of the membrane, the overlapping effect of the electric double layer limits the application of the Η-S mode, which must be corrected to obtain true electrical properties. " Φ In addition to flat membranes, tubular membranes are widely used in the industry. Hollow fiber membranes are commonly used for water purification, biochemistry and biomedical applications, such as bioreactor MBR (membrane bioreactor) and membrane distillation (membrane distillation). The application of the isopipe, the film user has been aware of the membrane electrical properties, in order to grasp the separation efficiency, such as only to understand the electrical properties of the inner membrane surface, similar to the flow line potential of the parallel wall flow in the capillary The quantity item] should be able to know the boundary potential, and if the pore conductivity is to be measured, the flow line potential of the inner and outer ends of the vertical film wall can be measured when the fluid penetrates the film hole, but for the composite material and The film that contacts the film surface and the feed end, such as the MBR with a tubular film, is more important for understanding the electrical properties of the outer film surface, but how to measure the electrical properties of the outer film surface? Not only is there no commercially available equipment, but the measurement technology has not yet seen relevant literature touches. 201018924 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION One object of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring the electrical flow of a circular tube to determine the electrical conductivity of the tube membrane and the membrane film, which is a coaxial tube and a fluid in a two-tube gap ring method. The inner tube is used as a membrane tube, and the outer tube is reference electrical. * 'The induced measurement of the streamline potential is measured by the tube membrane film electrical measurement system, which is measured by the same measure: = electrical, system, used to form a concentric circle, i and ancient - test g, can be placed in the membrane tube, with - opening contact with the membrane tube: according to: amount:: membrane pressure | force: needle, can be contacted with the membrane tube by another - opening, according to The amount of _=^-electrode' is used to store the electrolyte; and the electricity; an electrolysis; the test is added to the financial test tube, so that the substance === solution tank: induced by maneuver The flow line potential, and by the pressure =, the test tube and the membrane tube, the responsible review committee can further understand the I pole for electrical measurement. 2 and its purpose, attached to the drawings and preferred structures, such as the latter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT [Embodiment] Please refer to FIG. 2 to FIG. 2 together with the method of measuring the electrical conductivity of the tubular film of the embodiment of the present invention. Tube film electricity;: intention; Figure 2 is a diagram. The schematic diagram of the membrane and the membrane tube are as shown in the figure. 'The membrane of the present invention electrically stores the electrical property on the membrane tube 10, which includes: - the measurement system, the system' is used for the pressure probe 30; An electrode 40; a test sound 20; at least 'the combination of the quantitative pump 60'; the electrolyte tank 50; and 201018924 wherein the reference tube 2 is, for example but not limited to, made of a glass tube or an acrylic tube The film tube 1G can be accommodated to form a concentric circle and has a plurality of openings 21 to 24 thereon. The β-pressure probe 30 can be in contact with the membrane tube 1 via an opening 21 to measure the pressure of the tube. In the present embodiment, the number of the pressure probes 30 is two, and is placed at the entrance and the exit of the reference tube 20 via the holes 21, 23, respectively. The electrode 40 is in contact with the film tube 1 via another opening 22 to measure the electrical properties of the film tube 10. In the present embodiment, the number of the electrodes 40 is two, and is placed at the entrance and the exit of the reference tube 20 via the holes 22 and 24, respectively. The electrolyte tank 50 is used to store the electrolyte. And the electrolyte tank 50 has a pH value table 70 for measuring the acid value in the electrolyte tank 5. The metering pump 60 is coupled to the electrolyte tank 5 〇 for pressurizing the electrolyte to the reference tube 20 to flow the electrolyte between the reference tube 2 and the membrane tube 10 The potential is measured electrically by the pressure probe 30 and the electrode 40. In addition, the electrode 4A can be coupled to a voltmeter 80 for measuring the voltage on the electrode 40. In addition, the pressure probe 30 can be coupled to a pressure transducer 9A to measure the pressure on the membrane tube 1〇. In addition, the tube membrane electrical measuring system of the present invention further has a buffer tank 1〇〇 disposed between the metering pump 60 and the inlet of the reference tube 2〇 to provide stability of the reference tube 2〇 The pressure of the flow. For the coaxial tube system shown in Figure 1, the flow line potential equation is: 8 201018924 E ΔΡ
22
F (式1) ^〇W ~ Κ0(λδ) _£i_ ^ο(λδ) · Κϋ{λ) - Κ0(λϋ) · Ι0(Χ) 其中 2 i-k 、F=~C.~~~+—^-x^zL-2b2-lnb 乞)+ " + | 4·[Ζ>·λ：ι(ΛΖ>)-Λ：,αν| 乂-(1-^2).(1 +争） /„(Λ6)-/0(Α) (式2) ❻ ㈣面⑶面界達電位’ Μ 2為參考管20 修正目金Ϊί位’ Κ。及Κ 1分別為第二類之零階、-階 二f ) L(m〇dified Wti〇n 〇f S_d 、）二/ *參考管20半徑與電雙層厚度之比例（即為 量測得之流線電位’Λρ則為所施加之壓力 右 g 20壁的界達電位（2已知，由同軸圓管互/ △P之量測值，配合⑴式應可決定膜管1〇之面電性。 =照圖3’騎示當λ=⑽時，由（公式2)式所估 异之F值之示意圖；如圖所示，當λ=1〇〇時由（2)式 估算之F值，發現隨著b增加，修正因子邛+丨，但 時’ F瞬間偏離卜所以不僅僅考慮λ>>1時可》、略 層重疊效應，仍要考量到内管徑的影響，即 時才可忽略電雙層重疊效應。 於變數X較高值下，貝索函數之近似式為 Y. 4ΐπχ /〇(χ) s/ΐπχ κ〇(χ)F (Formula 1) ^〇W ~ Κ0(λδ) _£i_ ^ο(λδ) · Κϋ{λ) - Κ0(λϋ) · Ι0(Χ) where 2 ik , F=~C.~~~+— ^-x^zL-2b2-lnb 乞)+ " + | 4·[Ζ>·λ:ι(ΛΖ>)-Λ:,αν| 乂-(1-^2).(1 +content) / „(Λ6)-/0(Α) (Formula 2) ❻ (4) Face (3) Surface reach potential ' Μ 2 is the reference tube 20 Correction Ϊ 位 position ' Κ. and Κ 1 are the second order of the second order, - Step 2 f ) L (m〇dified Wti〇n 〇f S_d , ) 2 / * The ratio of the radius of the reference tube 20 to the thickness of the electric double layer (that is, the measured flow line potential 'Λρ is the applied pressure right The boundary potential of the g 20 wall (2 is known, measured by the value of the coaxial tube / ΔP, and the formula (1) should determine the surface electrical properties of the membrane tube 1 = as shown in Figure 3 'when λ = (10), a schematic diagram of the F-value estimated by (Formula 2); as shown in the figure, the F-value estimated by (2) when λ=1〇〇, and found that as b increases, the correction factor 邛+丨, but when 'F instantaneously deviates from Bu, so not only consider λ>>1, but a slight overlap effect, still have to consider the influence of the inner diameter, and the electric double layer overlap effect can be ignored immediately. X at higher values, an approximate expression for the Bessel function of Y. 4ΐπχ / square (χ) s / ΐπχ κ〇 ([chi])
WnWn
Ki(x)Ki(x)
Wn 9 201018924 該修正因子之關係式可簡 所以在忽略電雙層的條件下， 化為： (L b2-l-2b2 \nb ζ\Wn 9 201018924 The relationship of the correction factor can be simplified. Therefore, under the condition of ignoring the electric double layer, it is transformed into: (L b2-l-2b2 \nb ζ\
(式3) D (ζι+ζ2) 2 f^m 2 _(卜 a •+i c, 6:-l- ·1ηό (式4) 於量測時經量測3〜4組厭 後，利用參考管20之壁面界：與〜線電位的數據 定該膜管H)之界達電電位’配合⑴式即可沾 如上所述’本發明之管膜雷柯 =管之電動流來決定管膜電性，利：以膜；以: 電U參5管，流體於兩管間隙環内流動所誘發：产線 電位進仃測定之管膜電性等 ，之机線 之量測系鮮有㈣性及❹性。 膜電性 修= 實施例，舉凡局部之變更或 於推，者，俱不脫本案之專利該項技藝之人所易 示其id’本案無論就目的、手段與功效，在在顯 人異於習知之技術特徵，且其首先發明合於實用顯 201018924 亦在在符合發明之專利要件，懇請貴審杳委員明察， 並祈早日賜予專利，俾嘉惠社會，實感^委員月察 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1為一示意圖，其繪示本案一較佳實施例之管膜 電性之量測系統之方塊示意圖。 ' 圖2為一示意圖，其繪示本案一較佳實施例之管膜 電性之參考管及膜管之示意圖。 、 圖3為一示意圖，其繪示當λ=ι〇〇時，由（式2)式 所估算之F值之示意圖。 〇 【主要元件符號說明】 膜管10 參考管20 開孔21〜24 壓力探針30 電極40 電解液槽50 定量泵60 ΡΗ值表70 電壓表80 壓力轉換器90 緩衝槽100 ❹ 11(Formula 3) D (ζι+ζ2) 2 f^m 2 _(Bu a •+ic, 6:-l- ·1ηό (Formula 4) After measuring 3~4 sets of anaesthesia during measurement, use the reference The wall boundary of the tube 20: the data of the potential of the line is fixed to the electric potential of the film tube H). The formula (1) can be adhered to the above-mentioned electric tube of the tube film of the present invention. Electrical, profit: with membrane; to: electric U ginseng 5 tube, fluid induced in the flow of the two-tube gap ring: the electrical conductivity of the tube line is measured, the measurement system of the machine line is rare (4) Sexuality and temperament. Membrane electrical repair = the embodiment, the local change or push, the person who does not deviate from the patent of the patent is easy to show its id' case, regardless of the purpose, means and efficacy, in the obvious The technical characteristics of the prior art, and its first invention is in line with the practical display 201018924. It is also in compliance with the patent requirements of the invention, please ask the reviewing committee member to inspect, and pray for the patent granted soon, 俾嘉惠社会, real sense ^ member monthly inspection [simple figure BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a block diagram of a tubular membrane electrical measurement system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing a reference tube and a membrane tube for electrical properties of a tube membrane according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the F value estimated by the equation (2) when λ=ι〇〇. 〇 [Main component symbol description] Membrane tube 10 Reference tube 20 Opening 21~24 Pressure probe 30 Electrode 40 Electrolyte tank 50 Quantitative pump 60 Depreciation table 70 Voltmeter 80 Pressure transducer 90 Buffer tank 100 ❹ 11