201017162 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種利用至少—標記液（晴ker)標記一流 體之裝置，及關於一種利用至少一標記液標記該流體之對 應方法。特定言之可在礦物油產品之製造及配送領域中 (例如在礦物油之精煉廠或輸油站領域中)使用此等裝置及 方法。以此方法’尤其可能的是使用適合之標記液來製造 大體上防偽之礦物油產品。201017162 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a device for marking a first-class body with at least a marking liquid (clear ker), and a corresponding method for marking the fluid with at least one marking liquid. In particular, such devices and methods can be used in the manufacture and distribution of mineral oil products, for example in the field of mineral oil refineries or gas stations. In this way, it is especially possible to use a suitable marking fluid to make a substantially anti-counterfeit mineral oil product.
【先前技術】 在製造流體介質尤其是燃料時，防偽（即辨識流體介質 真實與否)正發揮日益重要之作用。尤其是在礦物油產品 領域’-些情況下由未經授權人員促成流通之產品對製造 商帶來巨大的經濟損失。另夕卜，由於在許多情況下(尤其 是在礦物油行業領域）偽造產品具有較次之品質因此亦 存在對使用偽造礦物油產品之裝置（例如燃燒裝置或於其 中礦物油產品用作潤滑劑之裝置）造成損壞的風險。 因此從先前技術中已知如下方法：#用可增加防偽安全 性之標記液來摻合流體介質（尤其是礦物油產品ρ例如， 可利用具有特定物理及/或化學性質（例如，在原始礦物油 產。〇中不存在但隨後加入至礦物油產品中之性質）的此種 類型之-個或多個標記液’以產生一真實、非偽造的品牌 產品之「指紋」。例如隨後由配銷商、經銷商或終端使用 者偵測此標記液之物理及/或化學性質，檢查是否存在 「指紋」（即液體介質中之標記液）。以此方法，可簡單而 143115.doc 201017162 快速地執行真實性檢查。[Prior Art] Anti-counterfeiting (i.e., identification of the authenticity of a fluid medium) is playing an increasingly important role in the manufacture of fluid media, particularly fuel. Especially in the field of mineral oil products, in some cases, products that are circulated by unauthorized persons have caused huge economic losses to manufacturers. In addition, since counterfeit products are of a secondary quality in many cases (especially in the mineral oil industry), there are also devices for using counterfeit mineral oil products (such as combustion devices or mineral oil products used as lubricants). Device) The risk of damage. Thus, the following methods are known from the prior art: #To use a marking fluid which increases the safety of anti-counterfeiting to blend fluid media (especially mineral oil products p, for example, may have specific physical and/or chemical properties (for example, in original minerals) An "oily product" of this type - one or more marking liquids that are not present in the mineral oil product but subsequently added to the mineral oil product to produce a "fingerprint" of a genuine, non-forged branded product. The dealer, dealer or end user detects the physical and/or chemical properties of the marking fluid and checks for the presence of a “fingerprint” (ie the marking fluid in the liquid medium). This method can be as simple as 143115.doc 201017162 Perform a plausibility check.
此類型之標記液包括（例如）光學可偵測之標記液。DE 198 18 176 Al、US 5,525,516、US 5,710,046、WO 94/ 02570、WO 2006/010527 A1 或 DE 10 2005 062 910 A1 中描 述此等標記液之實例。此等文件中描述之標記液亦可在本 發明之内文中個別地或組合地使用，且因此可參考其中揭 示之標記液作為一實例。 在所引用之公開案中，一般偵測標記液之至少一個光譜 性質。例如文件US 5,525,516、WO 94/02570、WO 2006/ 010527 A1及DE 10 2005 062 910 A1描述光學债測器，藉 由該等偵測器可在光學上偵測至少一標記液在流體介質中 之存在及/或濃度。此方法可採用例如校正法以將所判定 之光譜（例如螢光激發光譜）與一個或多個參考光譜進行比 較’從而斷定至少一標記液之類型及/或濃度。 然而，尤其在工業規模系統中，例如在於其中需要處理 大量產no流的精煉廢中’先前技術中已知之標記方法構成 處理技術方面的主要挑戰。尤其當使用標記液（例如除該 類型之標記液外）之濃度作為「指紋」的—額外部分時， 且當（例如）以相對於彼此之一特定濃度比將複數個標記液 用於識別時，需要仔細監測通常在一個或多個油罐或中間 儲存罐中完成之標記液的添加工作。 此添加工作必須確保標記液在產品中具有正確之濃度及 此等標記液在流體介質中均勻分佈。為此目的，一般定期 或不定期地對流體介質進行採樣，以在其後（例如）使用所 143115.doc -4- 201017162 提及的一個或多個偵測器來分析樣本並相應地調整方法。 此方法因具有相對較高級別之不確定性而受到影響且因 在一些情況下具有相當高之不衫性而在生產技術方面構 成相對較高級別之複雜性。 【發明内容】 因此本發明之-目的係提供至少大體上避免已知之裝置 及方法的上述缺陷的-種裝置及-種方法。更特定言之，This type of marking fluid includes, for example, an optically detectable marking fluid. Examples of such marking fluids are described in DE 198 18 176 Al, US 5, 525, 516, US 5, 710, 046, WO 94/02570, WO 2006/010527 A1 or DE 10 2005 062 910 A1. The marking liquids described in these documents can also be used individually or in combination in the context of the present invention, and thus reference can be made to the marking liquids disclosed therein as an example. In the cited publication, at least one spectral property of the marking fluid is typically detected. An optical fingerprint detector is described by, for example, the document US Pat. No. 5,525,516, WO 94/02570, WO 2006/010527 A1, and DE 10 2005 062 910 A1, by which the at least one marking fluid can be optically detected in the fluid medium. Existence and / or concentration. This method may employ, for example, a calibration method to compare the determined spectrum (e.g., a fluorescent excitation spectrum) with one or more reference spectra to determine the type and/or concentration of at least one marking fluid. However, especially in industrial scale systems, for example in refining waste where it is necessary to process large quantities of no-streams, the marking methods known in the prior art constitute a major challenge in processing technology. In particular, when the concentration of the marking liquid (for example, other than the marking liquid of this type) is used as an additional part of the "fingerprint", and when, for example, a plurality of marking liquids are used for identification at a specific concentration ratio with respect to each other The need to carefully monitor the addition of the marking fluid typically done in one or more tanks or intermediate storage tanks is required. This addition must ensure that the marking fluid has the correct concentration in the product and that the marking fluid is evenly distributed in the fluid medium. For this purpose, the fluid medium is typically sampled periodically or irregularly to thereafter analyze the sample and adjust the method accordingly, for example, using one or more of the detectors mentioned in 143115.doc -4- 201017162 . This approach suffers from a relatively high level of uncertainty and, in some cases, a relatively high level of complexity that constitutes a relatively high level of complexity in production technology. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a device and a method that at least substantially obviate the above-described deficiencies of the known devices and methods. More specifically,
該裝置及該方法應能可靠而均句地將至少—標記液^入― 流體產品中。 【實施方式】 此目的係藉由根據獨立請求項之特徵的裝置及方法而達 成。在附屬請求項中詳細描述可獨立地或組合地實施 利修改。 本發明提出利用至少-標記液標記一流體之裝置及方 法。原則上該流體可例如為至少一液體。更佳地，該裝置 可用於標記燃料。 原則上該至少-標記液可為液體形式之任何物質。標記 液應具有不同於該㈣之至少—種可_之物理及/或化 學性質。例如’該性質可為κ貞測器偵測之化學性質、 一電化學性質或―電學性質或此等性質之組合。或者或另 外’特定言之較佳地為使用光學性質，例如光譜性質、反 生折質透射性質、冷光性質（勞光及/或鱗光性質）或類似 /貝。標記液可以純粹形式添加至流體[或標記液可存 在於载體中，例如存在於溶劑、分散劑、載體流體或類似 143115.doc 201017162 之輔助劑中。在標記液存在於載體中之情況下，在術語方 面下文中在具有可偵測之物理及/或化學性質的實際標記 液與包括經摻合之實際標記液的任何所存在之載體之間未 加以區分’因兩者最終均作為一「標記液」而添加至待標 記之流體中《例如，標記液亦可由複數個組份組成，例如 在該4組份中僅一個組份或複數個組份需要具有可偵測之 性質。例如，標記液可為可例如添加至燃料或另一種類之 液體中的一添加劑封裝的一部分。此等添加劑封裝可改良 例如燃料之燃燒性質及/或防止例如在内部燃燒引擎之閥 門處的沉積物。 至於可個別地或組合地使用之可能標記液的實例，參考 上述所引用之公開案，尤其是EP 〇 656 929 B1、WO 94/ 02570、US 5,525,516、US 5,710,046、WO 2006/010527、 DE 198 18 176 A1 或 DE 10 2005 062 910 A1。然而，或者 或另外’原則上亦可使用其他種類之標記液，例如具有一 特定、可债測之光學性質的其他種類之物質。 該裴置具有用於運輸流體之至少一個管線系統。管線系 統應理解為意指藉由其可以一受控方式運輸流體之任何裝 置。實例包含由一個或多個管道組成之管線系統，例如由 具有矩形或圓形橫截面之管道組成的管線系統。由於流體 亦可由個或多個組份組成，因此管線系統亦可例如包括 針對此等組份之各者的管線系統之一專屬部分。替代或除 管道外，管線系統亦可包括用於運輸液體之其他組件，例 如轴件、反應管或可維持流體之連續運輸（即流體流）之其 143115.doc 201017162 他種類的運輸裝置。另外，管線系統亦可包括闕門、栗或 用於控制流體之運輸的其他輸送及控制器件，尤其是可監 測及^或控制流體之連續流的組件。除流體之純粹運輸 外，管線系統亦可經架構以承擔更多之任務，例如以提供 反應室、提供冷卻及/或加熱等。The apparatus and method should be capable of reliably and uniformly at least - marking the liquid into the fluid product. [Embodiment] This object is achieved by an apparatus and method according to the characteristics of an independent request item. The detailed description can be implemented independently or in combination in the accompanying claims. The present invention contemplates apparatus and methods for labeling a fluid using at least a labeling fluid. In principle the fluid can for example be at least one liquid. More preferably, the device can be used to mark fuel. In principle, the at least labeling liquid can be any substance in liquid form. The marking fluid should have at least a physical and/or chemical property different from that of (4). For example, the property can be a chemical property detected by a κ detector, an electrochemical property or an electrical property or a combination of such properties. Alternatively or additionally, it is preferred to use optical properties such as spectral properties, retroreflective transmission properties, luminescent properties (labor and/or scale properties) or the like. The labeling solution may be added to the fluid in pure form [or the labeling solution may be present in the carrier, such as in a solvent, dispersant, carrier fluid or adjuvant such as 143115.doc 201017162. Where the labeling liquid is present in the carrier, the terminology is hereinafter not found between the actual labeling liquid having detectable physical and/or chemical properties and any existing carrier comprising the blended actual labeling liquid. Distinguish 'because both are ultimately added to the fluid to be labeled as a "marking solution". For example, the marking solution may also consist of a plurality of components, for example, only one component or a plurality of groups in the four components. The part needs to have a detectable property. For example, the marking fluid can be part of an additive package that can be added, for example, to a fuel or another type of liquid. Such additive packages may improve, for example, the combustion properties of the fuel and/or prevent deposits such as at the valves of the internal combustion engine. With regard to the examples of the possible marking liquids which can be used individually or in combination, reference is made to the above-cited publications, in particular EP 〇 656 929 B1, WO 94/ 02570, US 5,525, 516, US 5,710, 046, WO 2006/010527, DE 198 18 176 A1 or DE 10 2005 062 910 A1. However, or alternatively, other types of marking fluids may be used, such as other types of materials having a specific, debt-measurable optical property. The device has at least one line system for transporting fluid. A pipeline system is understood to mean any device by which a fluid can be transported in a controlled manner. An example includes a pipeline system consisting of one or more conduits, such as a pipeline system consisting of a conduit having a rectangular or circular cross section. Since the fluid may also consist of one or more components, the pipeline system may also include, for example, a proprietary portion of the pipeline system for each of these components. In addition to or in addition to the piping, the piping system may also include other components for transporting the liquid, such as shaft members, reaction tubes, or a continuous transport (i.e., fluid flow) that maintains fluids. 143115.doc 201017162 Other types of transport devices. In addition, the tubing system may also include a cardia, a pump, or other delivery and control device for controlling the transport of fluids, particularly components that monitor and/or control the continuous flow of fluid. In addition to the pure transportation of fluids, the pipeline system can also be architected to perform more tasks, such as providing a reaction chamber, providing cooling and/or heating, and the like.
該裝置進一步包括用於將液體經計量地添加至管線系統 中（即至流體中）的至少一個計量系統。原則上應將經計量 之添加理解為意指標記液至流體中之^何種類的引入，當 然此取決於流體之種類及/或標記液之種類。應可自動化 引入標記液的計量系統可相應地包括例如一個或多個喷 嘴、饋送線或類似物。與可將管線系統（例如）連接至用於 儲存至少-流體之—個或多個貯存罐的方式相同，亦可例 如經由打開進人計量系統之管線系統中的—計量線系統而 ，計量系統相應地連接至用於儲存至少—標記液之一個或 多個貯存容器。例#，根據流體之種類及/或標記液之種 類例如直接經由一喷嘴系統、經由一嘴射系統、經由一 霧化系統或經由簡單孔口而進行此打開。例如可以脈衝形 式連續地或分批式地實現經計量之添加。 §裝置進步包括用於债測在流體中之標記液的至少一 ㈣測器。更特定言之在f線系統中應將該制器配置在 計量系統之下游’以確保以所需之方式將標記液引入流體 中。例如，基於流體通過管線系統之主要流動方向而將惰 測器配置在計量系統之開口的下游。較佳地為在該標記液 已在液體中發生所需之分配的時點進行制。此分配可藉 1431I5.doc 201017162 額外之分配辅助器(例如奮流產生器、混合器或類似之分 配輔助器)進-步提升，該等分配輔助器可配置在管線系 統中及/或在計量系統中且可使標記液在流體中均勻分 配。 偵測器應經設置以偵測標記液之上述至少一個可偵測的 性質。偵測器因此可與標記液之類型相匹配，且可例如包 括化學偵測器、電化學偵測器、電學偵測器、光學偵測 盗、電子偵測器或此等偵測器之其他任何組合，若亦經適 當組合，該等偵測器亦可特定地與標記液中待偵測之至少 一個物理及/或化學性質相匹配。如下文之詳細解釋，特 定較佳地為使用至少一個光學偵測器，即使用可定量地或 較佳定量地偵測標記液之至少一個光學可偵測性質的偵測 器。 相比於從先前技術令已知的偵測器，例如在—開始描述 之公開案中之偵測器，該偵測器因此經架構為一線上偵測 器且間接或直接地整合於管線系統中。就此而言，線上偵 測器應理解為意指經設定以執行如下偵測的偵測器：偵測 連續或非連續改變之樣本體積’尤其偵測管線系統中之流 動流體，例如以一主要流動方向之流體流動。此類偵測器 理論上已見於先前技術之其他背景，例如見於Gb 1 3〇9 551、WO 03/040704 Al、EP 1 674 412 Ai、EP 〇 533 333 A2、WO 93/01486、WO 2004/029592 Al、US 5,521,384、 1^ 4,620,284或\^〇 98/3306人1。可參考其中描述之偵測器 作為在本發明之背景下可用的偵測器之可行實施例。 143115.doc 201017162 、本發明之基本概念在於利用此等線上偵測器來精確監測 成品之组成，即添加有標記液之流體的組成。為此目的， 本發明裝置額外地具有至少一個控制器件。該债測器經由 該至少-個控制器件連接至計量系統。該控制器件經設定 w影響標記液之經計量添加’且影響作用應取決於偵測器 偵測到之標記液在流體中的數量及/或濃度。更特定言 之，如下文更詳細之解釋，影響作用可包括控制及/或調 〇 節計量操作。 根據所提出之裝置’本發明提出一種利用至少一標記液 標記流體之方法。該方法可特定地使用本發明裝置進行， 且因此關於該方法之可行組態，可參考上文或下文所述之 可行實施例。然而，或者，原則上亦可使用一種以另一方 式架構之裝置。 在所提th之方法中，通過—管線系統運輸流體，且將至 $ -標記液計量人流體中。❹標記液在流體中至少一個 # /辰度且根據偵測到之濃度影響標記液之經計量添加。 相比於先前技術中已知的裝置及方法，更特定言之，相 ' &於用=標記確物油產品之上述裝置及方法，所提出之裝 . f及所提出之方法使得可高度地程序整合。不從例如—儲 存罐中或在—分配站中分批採樣’及接著以-適當的偵測 器檢查樣本，而改以目前在線上進行監測及添加至少—標 錢至流體中而無需中斷流體流。因此可省去費力的採樣 過程。此外，由於伯測器直接影響計量系統，因此可在線 進行對所而之至少-標記液的濃度之任何校正。例如’， 143115.doc 201017162 可以一連續及適時方式將標記液之濃度調節至例如至，丨、— 個參考值。此容許更加精確及可再現地確定標記液之目* 濃度，且因此可利用標記液之濃度及標記液本身之類型作 為進一步之特性特徵，該特性特徵可增加最終產品之防偽 安全性。此外，尤其在複雜的製造工廠或管線中，由於藉 由本發明之發明裝置及方法可更加精確地標記產品流，'因 此可更好地區分此等產品流。 藉由眾多的較佳實施例可改良本發明。例如，如前文所 述’當設定控制器件以影響計量系統使得將標記液在流體 中之濃度設定為至少一個預設定之目標值時較佳。濃度應 理解為意指例如質量及/或莫耳量及/或體積形式之標記液 量對流體量。可利用通常用於測定濃度之不同量測單位。 然而，或者，術語「濃度」亦可僅理解為例如藉由量測每 單位時間内流經偵測器之標記液的總量之標記液量。由於 通常從其他量測方式可知每單位時間内流經管線系統之流 艘總量’隨後由此可斷定一濃度，故此亦可包含在術語 廛度」下。後者通常為在光學偵測器之情況下由於其 等—般對應於標記液之總量而非對應於標記液之濃度。瞭 解流動之經標記或未經標記的流體之總量（例如體積或質 2量），其隨後可斷定H為量測該液流之總量的 ’可例如提供量測例如流經管線系統之體積流量的一 個或多個額外之1測ϋ件，例如體積流量計及/或質量流 量計。 例如’可在一 ρ才’合回路控制系統中設定標記液之濃度。 143115.doc 201017162 當然例如在使用複數個標記液之情況下亦可將一目標值理 解為意指複數個目標值。在此情況下，例如預設定針對每 種標記液之一目標值。另外，在本發明内文中，應以廣義 解释術語「設定為一個或多個目標值」。例如，目標值可 包括一精確目標值，例如將標記液之濃度設定為—精確濃 度。然而，若適當，亦可將容許臨限值加入此目樑值，則 在此情況下，例如，自該目標值偏移大於該容許值之濃度 ❹ 可被抵銷。另夕卜，亦可預設定目標值範圍，其同樣可根： 術語「設定為一目標值」加以理解。例如，可將濃度c設 定為介於兩個極限值乂與y之間的一範圍，例如以如下形 式：Xwy ’ X<C<y，攻<y，x<c分。另外，亦可例如以濃 度之下限X的形式預設定下限，使得例如可調節為❻或〇 X。另外’亦可預設定上限乂，使得可調節為例如吟或 句。可變之目標值預設定亦係可能的，例如隨時間變動 之目標值設^或具有可調整之目標值的目標值預設定。例 如’目標值可隨流體之流動速率及/或體積流量而改變。 至於閉合回路控制’控制器件可包括例如至少一個控制 區域及/或調節區域’即一電子及/或機電及/或機械器件， 2等器件可產生對應之控制信號及/或調節信號或進行 控制及/或調節所需之設定。例 馮此目的—控制區域 可包括若干PI控制器、PID控制器或類似之控制器。特定 言之’可藉由兩點調節進行閉合回路控制，在此情況下， :如，由兩點調節中斷或進行標記液之計量添加。例如， 田辨識到至少-標記液在流體中之濃度太高時，可_ 143115.doc 201017162 記液之計量添加；而當辨識到該濃度太低或正確時，可繼 續該計量添加。當然其他種類之閉合回路控制亦係可行， 例如經由一系之速度調節的閉合回路控制，例如數位或類 比速度調節、在一般或數位閉合回路控制中之類比閉人回 路控制，例如經由計量系統之驅動脈衝的脈衝寬度調變之 閉合回路控制。 如前所述，尤其是在使用複數個標記液之情 參 用一個或多個偵測器。在使用複數個偵測器之情況下 好例如當使用兩種標記液時，係使用至少兩個偵測器，> 此情況下，各情況下至少一個偵測器將影響用以計量添; 各情況之一種標記液之至少一種計量系統的計量添加。』 此方法，亦可添加若干標記液之組合，例如以一受控之: 式設置此等標記液之濃度比。例如，取決於所使用之们 器的數量，以此方式可能以一受控方式產生特定標記⑹ 式的「指、故」&此等標記液在成品中之特定比率。 如前所述，「線上（即，以沭 」、|以流體之一連續或非連矣The apparatus further includes at least one metering system for meteredly adding liquid to the pipeline system (i.e., into the fluid). In principle, the addition of the metering should be understood to mean the introduction of the labeling fluid into the fluid, which of course depends on the type of fluid and/or the type of marking fluid. The metering system that should be automated to introduce the marking fluid can accordingly include, for example, one or more nozzles, feed lines or the like. The same as the way in which the pipeline system can be connected, for example, to one or more storage tanks for storing at least - fluid, for example, via a metering line system in a pipeline system that opens into a metering system, the metering system Correspondingly connected to one or more storage containers for storing at least the marking liquid. Example #, depending on the type of fluid and/or the type of marking fluid, such as directly via a nozzle system, via a mouthpiece system, via an atomization system or via a simple orifice. The metered addition can be effected, for example, in a pulsed form, either continuously or in batches. § Device advancement includes at least one (four) detector for the measurement of the marking fluid in the fluid. More specifically, the device should be placed downstream of the metering system in the f-line system to ensure that the marking fluid is introduced into the fluid in the desired manner. For example, the inertor is disposed downstream of the opening of the metering system based on the primary flow direction of the fluid through the pipeline system. It is preferably carried out at the point in time when the marking liquid has been subjected to the desired distribution in the liquid. This allocation can be advanced by 1431I5.doc 201017162 additional distribution aids (eg, flow generators, mixers or similar distribution aids) that can be configured in the pipeline system and/or in metering The marking fluid can be evenly distributed in the fluid in the system. The detector should be configured to detect at least one of the detectable properties of the marking fluid. The detector can thus match the type of marking fluid and can include, for example, a chemical detector, an electrochemical detector, an electrical detector, an optical detection burglar, an electronic detector, or the like. Any combination, if properly combined, may also specifically match at least one physical and/or chemical property to be detected in the marking fluid. As explained in detail below, it is particularly preferred to use at least one optical detector, i.e., a detector that is capable of quantitatively or preferably quantitatively detecting at least one optically detectable property of the marking fluid. Compared to a detector known from prior art orders, such as the detector in the publication described at the outset, the detector is thus constructed as a line detector and integrated indirectly or directly into the pipeline system. in. In this regard, a line detector is understood to mean a detector that is configured to perform a detection of a continuous or non-continuously changing sample volume', particularly to detect flowing fluid in a pipeline system, for example as a primary Fluid flow in the direction of flow. Such detectors are theoretically found in other contexts of the prior art, for example in Gb 1 3〇9 551, WO 03/040704 Al, EP 1 674 412 Ai, EP 〇 533 333 A2, WO 93/01486, WO 2004/ 029592 Al, US 5,521,384, 1^ 4,620,284 or \^〇98/3306 person 1. Reference may be made to the detectors described therein as a possible embodiment of a detector usable in the context of the present invention. 143115.doc 201017162 The basic concept of the invention is to use these line detectors to accurately monitor the composition of the finished product, ie the composition of the fluid to which the marking fluid is added. For this purpose, the device according to the invention additionally has at least one control device. The debt detector is coupled to the metering system via the at least one control device. The control device is configured to affect the metered addition of the marking fluid and the effect should be dependent on the amount and/or concentration of the marking fluid detected by the detector in the fluid. More specifically, as explained in more detail below, the effects can include controlling and/or adjusting metering operations. According to the proposed device, the invention proposes a method of marking a fluid with at least one marking fluid. The method can be carried out specifically using the apparatus of the invention, and thus with regard to possible configurations of the method, reference can be made to the possible embodiments described above or below. Alternatively, however, it is also possible in principle to use a device that is otherwise constructed. In the method of the above, the fluid is transported through the line system and is metered into the human fluid. The ruthenium marker solution is at least one of the fluids in the fluid and is dosed based on the detected concentration. In contrast to the devices and methods known in the prior art, more specifically, the above-described apparatus and method for labeling an oil product with a product, the proposed device and the proposed method enable height Integration of local procedures. Do not sample in batches from, for example, a storage tank or in a distribution station, and then examine the sample with a suitable detector, and instead monitor and add at least the standard money to the fluid without interrupting the fluid. flow. This eliminates the laborious sampling process. In addition, since the detector directly affects the metering system, any correction of at least the concentration of the labeling liquid can be performed online. For example, ', 143115.doc 201017162 can adjust the concentration of the marking solution to, for example, to 丨, - a reference value in a continuous and timely manner. This allows a more precise and reproducible determination of the target concentration of the marking fluid, and thus the concentration of the marking fluid and the type of marking fluid itself can be utilized as a further characteristic feature which increases the security against the security of the final product. Moreover, especially in complex manufacturing plants or pipelines, the product flow can be more accurately marked by the inventive apparatus and method of the invention, so that the product streams can be better distinguished. The invention may be modified by numerous preferred embodiments. For example, as described above, it is preferred when the control device is set to affect the metering system such that the concentration of the marking fluid in the fluid is set to at least one predetermined target value. Concentration is understood to mean, for example, mass and/or molar amount and/or volume of the marking fluid to fluid amount. Different measurement units that are typically used to determine concentration can be utilized. Alternatively, however, the term "concentration" may also be understood to mean, for example, the amount of marking fluid by measuring the total amount of marking fluid flowing through the detector per unit time. Since the total amount of the flow through the pipeline system per unit time is usually known from other measurement methods, and then a concentration can be determined, it can also be included under the term "twist". The latter is usually in the case of an optical detector because it corresponds to the total amount of the marking liquid and not to the concentration of the marking liquid. Knowing the total amount of labeled or unlabeled fluid flowing (eg, volume or mass 2), which can then conclude that H is the measure of the total amount of the liquid stream, which can, for example, provide measurements such as flow through a pipeline system One or more additional ones of volumetric flow, such as volumetric flow meters and/or mass flow meters. For example, the concentration of the marking liquid can be set in a loop control system. 143115.doc 201017162 Of course, a target value can also be understood to mean a plurality of target values, for example, in the case of using a plurality of marking liquids. In this case, for example, a target value for each of the marking liquids is preset. Further, in the context of the present invention, the term "set to one or more target values" should be interpreted broadly. For example, the target value can include an exact target value, such as setting the concentration of the marking fluid to - precise concentration. However, if appropriate, the allowable threshold can also be added to the eye beam value, in which case, for example, a concentration 偏移 that is offset from the target value by more than the allowable value can be offset. In addition, the target value range can also be preset, which can also be understood by the term "set as a target value". For example, the concentration c can be set to a range between the two limit values 乂 and y, for example, in the form: Xwy ′ X < C < y, attack < y, x < c points. Alternatively, the lower limit may be preset, for example, in the form of a lower limit X of the concentration, so that, for example, it may be adjusted to ❻ or 〇 X. In addition, the upper limit 亦可 can also be preset so that it can be adjusted to, for example, a 吟 or sentence. Variable target value presets are also possible, such as target value settings over time or target value presets with adjustable target values. For example, the target value may vary with the flow rate of the fluid and/or volumetric flow. As for the closed loop control 'control device may comprise, for example, at least one control region and/or adjustment region', ie an electronic and/or electromechanical and/or mechanical device, the 2 device may generate a corresponding control signal and/or an adjustment signal or control And / or adjust the required settings. Example This purpose—the control area can include several PI controllers, PID controllers, or similar controllers. Specifically, the closed loop control can be performed by two-point adjustment, in which case, for example, the interruption of the two-point adjustment or the metering of the marking liquid is performed. For example, if the field recognizes that at least the concentration of the labeling fluid in the fluid is too high, the metering can be added; and when the concentration is recognized to be too low or correct, the metering can be continued. Of course, other types of closed loop control are also possible, such as closed loop control via a series of speed adjustments, such as digital or analog speed adjustment, analogous closed loop control in general or digital closed loop control, for example via a metering system. Closed loop control of pulse width modulation of the drive pulse. As mentioned earlier, one or more detectors are used, especially when using a plurality of marking fluids. In the case of using a plurality of detectors, for example, when using two kinds of marking liquids, at least two detectors are used, > in this case, at least one detector in each case will affect the metering; A metered addition of at least one metering system of a marking fluid in each case. In this method, a combination of a plurality of marking liquids may also be added, for example, a concentration ratio of the marking liquids is set in a controlled manner. For example, depending on the number of devices used, it is possible in this manner to produce a particular ratio of "markers," and "these markers" in the finished product in a controlled manner. As mentioned earlier, "on the line (ie, with 沭", | one of the fluids is continuous or non-contiguous
(即’例如分批式）流）偵測標記液之至少_個物理及… 學性質。例何直接以管㈣統之行此仙Η 而’特定較佳地為當管線系統包 * ^ s , 亍况包括至少一旁路時，應將自 + 一 T /;ILί流體之主要部分的3 ^ 一王線。應在此旁路中配 數個祖 置至少-個偵測器。當使利 ^ 個偵測器使用不同之旁路， :¾ 了各在—個旁路中配置 例如在-分支點從主線分支，則=谓測器。該旁料 幻具包括一平行區域，接著 143115.doc -12- 201017162 在一打開位置打開回到主線中。例如接著可在該平行區域 中配置至少一個偵測器。 進一步之較佳實施例係關於計量系統。如前所述，該計 量系統應經調適用以將至少一標記液引入該流體中，且據 錢經架構用於標記液之計量添加。更特定言之，計量添 加應理解為意指每單位時間或每單位循環引入一經定義之 ’ ㈣或重量或以另—方歧義之—單位量、質量或體積。 目此’更特定言之計量系統可包括至少-個計量閥門，即 經設置而可進行或中斷將至少—標記液計量添加至流體中 的-閥門’在此情況下，例如每循環計量入預設定體積單 位。然而，其他種類之計量閥門亦係可行。或者或另外， 該計量系統可進一纟包括至少_個計量$，例如一薄膜 泵、一活塞泵、一蠕動泵或一齒輪泵。 進步之有利組態係關於偵測器。如前所述，該偵測器 可包括例如至少-個光學债測器，即偵測至少一標記液之 • —個或多個光學可量測性質的-搞測器。特佳為當光學谓 測器包括冷光该測器時，即螢光偵測器及/或磷光偵測器 - 及/或拉曼（Raman)偵測器、散射光偵測器、透射光偵測 器、吸收偵測器或此等偵測器之組合。亦可利用探究至少 一標S己液之光譜性質的更複雜偵測系統，例如多光子吸收 偵測器、偵測特定光學轉變之偵測器或類似物。 因此，光學偵測器可包括例如至少一個多色光源。然 而，或者或另外，亦可使用一單色光源，例如藉由一個或 多個光错分光器件產生單色光之光源。此外，同樣地或者 143115.doc •13· 201017162 或另外，可包含一雷射光源，在此情況下該雷射光源產生 至少部分穿透該流體之至少一個雷射光束。 大體而言，該偵測器可進一步包括用於偵測由流體及/ 或標記液所發射、透射或散射之至少一個光分量的至少一 個光學偵測器。偵測器可例如包括用於產生至少一個激發 光束之至少一個激發光源，例如上述雷射光源，在此情況 下該偵測器進一步包括用於至少部分反射激發光束之至少 一個反射器件。以此方法，例如可進行發射使得激發光束 以相反方向在相同光束路徑中至少部分經反射，光束路徑 中之多反射亦係可能。以此方法’例如可相當地增強流體 中或偵測器進行量測之内之一偵測體積内之激發光束的強 度。此可大幅改良偵測器之靈敏性。 可採取進一步之措施以改良偵測器之信號品質。例如， 激發光束可具有至少部分經脈衝化或經調變之組態，例如 經強度調變及/或經頻率調變之組態。偵測器則可包括對 此調變敏感之偵測，例如一鎖定偵測器。以此方法，可例 如大巾田改良偵測之信號對雜訊比，使得大幅改良偵測之精 確性’例如偵測標記液在流體中之濃度。 進一步之較佳實施例係關於管線系統及其組態。例如， s線系統可包括用於將流體分配於至少一個運輸器件之一 刀配站Y列如’管線系統可打開進入分配站，使得管線系 統連=例如分配站之—相對較A的儲存罐，其形成管線系 統的-部分1由分配站’則可例如填充諸如油罐卡車、 輪鐵路油罐車或類似運輸器件之運輸器件。或者或另 143115.doc 201017162 外，如前所述，亦可使用標記以例如在生產工廠、分配 站、管線或反應器中區分不同之產品流。 如前所述，尤其可在防偽領域使用本發明之方法及本發 明裝置。防偽應理解為不僅防未經授權產品之保證，而且 例如防產品混淆之保證。大體而言，原則上亦可因此包含 使該類型及/或原始之產品在此條件下至少以最小之可能 ' 性變得可辨識的任何產品辨識度。例如，在一適合點處 (例如在一中間經銷商、配銷商或消費者處），可提供一對 應之檢查裝置，其登記至少一標記液之存在及/或一正確 之濃度。舉例而言，可在例如填充站提供此種類之檢查器 件。若檢查失敗，則例如關閉一泵或對使用者提供警告。 如前所述，本發明之發明裝置及方法可使用於產品安全 性，即針對在上述定義之含義下的防偽之所述實施例中， 尤其針對礦物油產品方面的防偽。然而，亦可以此方法標 δ己眾多其他流體產品，例如醇類或其他流體原材料。 • 總之，本發明之發明裝置及方法構成-種簡單、容易整 合、便宜但χ可再現且可靠的標記方&，且彳以-通用且 ' 纟利的方式使用該方法。以此方法可有效地消除相對大型 . 系統及網路中之安全缺陷。 實施例 從較佳實施例之描述並結合中請專利範圍可瞭解本發明 之進一步細節及特徵。可獨立地或組合此處之特定特徵。 本發明並不限於該等實施例。在圖式中示意性地顯示該等 實施例。在各個圖式中相同的參考數字表示相同或具有相 143115.doc 201017162 同功能或對應於該等功能之元件。 圖1以咼度示意性之方式顯示利用標記液114標記流體 112之發明裝置110的可行實施例。下文假設流體112係一 液體’其係經由具有分配站us之管線系統116而分配至運 矜器件120中。圓j中示意性地顯示運輸器件為一油罐 卡車。分配站11 8因此可包括（例如）一分配單元，油罐卡車 開至該分配單元附近或内部以將流體Π2分配至油罐卡車 的油罐中。然而，其他種類之運輸器件12〇亦係可行。 在圖1顯示之實施例中，管線系統116係以高度示意性之 形式加以顯示，並（例如）將用於儲存流體112之儲存罐122 連接至分配站118。儲存罐122可配備（例如）具有大尺寸， 例如具有數百立方釐米、數千立方釐米或類似容量。儲存 罐122與管線系統116可例如作為礦物油產品之精煉廠的一 部分。管線系統116可進一步包括圖1中未顯示的若干元 件，例如用以控制個別組份流經管線系統丨16之閥門。亦 可提供泵或其他輸送元件及/或流量計、速度計、壓力計 或類似之量測器件。總管線系統116可例如具有電腦控制 之組態。在此實施例中流體112以主要流動方向Η#流經管 線系統116。 另外’根據圖I之實施例，裝置11〇包括用於儲存標記液 114之另一儲存罐12^與其他組件類似，此儲存罐在圖1 中亦僅示意性地顯示。通常，此儲存罐126經架構為小於 用於儲存流體112之儲存罐122。 裝置11〇進-步包括具有計量線13〇之計量系統US，該 143115.doc -16 - 201017162 計量130將儲存罐126連接至管線系統，在計量線ι3〇 進入管線系統116中之打開點132處，可提供例如一簡單的 孔或片量喷嘴以將標記液j 14引入流體i 12中（例如以 精確分配之形式）。標記液可以任何所需之物態存在，且 可對此等物態設定計量系統128。在圖i顯示之實施例中， 標記液114經組態為例如—液體標記液，例如為-染料液 體、。或者或另外，標記液114(以及實際標記液）亦可包括例 如染料、載體材料或载體（例如載體氣體）、溶劑、分散劑 或類似物。術語「標記液114.」亦可包含以上材料，前提 是標記液114包括具有可量測之物理及/或化學性質之至少 種組份*在本^列中f θ 質 】中尤其為可置測之光學（例如分光）性 量=中在圖實施例中，計量系統128包括引入計 ^ 之°里泵134。例如，此計量泵134可為按循環 操作之—高精度泵（例如一齒輪泵或薄膜泵），在每—循淨 中標記液114之一精確定義液 循展 中……疋義液體量經計量進入管線系統U6 中计…其他組態亦係可能。替代或 外，計量線⑽與計量系統128亦可包括其他組件，例如3 ?、輸送器件或類似器件。例如，代替或除 :了供同樣(例如)將標記液114之料定義量釋4 線糸統116中的一計量閥門。 管 在管㈣統mt，在㈣點132相對於主要 下游設置與管線系統116 向之 ⑼。旁路通常具有比主線13=Γ部分並聯連接之旁路 、 較乍之流動橫截面，使得與 143115.doc -17· 201017162 主線13 8相比’每單位時間内流經旁路丨3 6之液體量較小。 在根據圖1之此實施例中，在旁路136中配置偵測器 140。設置此偵測器140以偵測標記液114之至少一個可偵 測的物理及/或化學性質。例如，此至少一個可偵測的物 理及/或化學性質可為標記液114之一光學性質。债測器 140在圖1中僅示意性地予以表示，而在下文中參考圖2藉 由實例詳細地予以解釋。 在根據圖1之實施例中，經由控制器件丨42將偵測器j 4〇 連接至计量系統128(例如計量泵134)。為此目的，例如經 由第一控制線144將偵測器ι4〇連接至控制器件142，繼而 經由第二控制線146將控制器件142連接至計量泵134。在 圖1之圖解中，與流體線Πό、130、136及138相反，以虛 線形式顯示控制線144、146。控制線144、146可例如包括 有線結合及/或無線電連接，例如匯流排系統或類似物。 控制器件142可包括例如一電子調節區域148，以例如實 施兩點閉合回路控制或數位或類比閉合回路控制。或者或 另外，控制器件142亦可包括其他電子及/或機電及/或機械 組件。例如，控制器件142可進一步包括至少一個資料處 兀，例如如下之一資料處理單元：經設置用以完全或 d刀處理偵測器1 40之信號，及將適當之控制及/或調節信 號傳輸至冲量系統128。因此，可將偵測器140之信號轉換 為控制作妹 。就’且因此可根據此等控制信號對標記液114進 行計量。以 此方法’可例如根據偵測器14〇之信號及由等 β 又之標記液114在流體112中的當前濃度來設置計量 143115.doc 201017162 系統128，從而以小於、大於或等於標記液114之數量在打 開點132處計量進入管線系統116中。以仏古、1 τ Μ此方法，可例如將 標記液114在流體U2中濃度設定為一目標值’相比於習知 方法，此處可使用一線上閉合回路控制方法。 《則上，在圖1顯示之裝置U〇中使用之傾測器14〇可為 各種偵測器，該等偵測器對至少一標記液丨14之至少一個 . 可偵測的化學及/或物理性質靈敏地作出反應，且因此可 進行標記液114濃度之判定。舉例而言，參考在本文一開 始引用之先前技術中描述的眾多偵測器。 圖2以示意性的圖解顯示可用於根據圖〗之裝置ιι〇中之 此偵測器140的一可行實施例。在與根據圖i之旁路136成 直角的一戴面平面内以截面圖顯示偵測器14〇，即例如從 主要流動方向124上觀看。雖然如前文所述，旁路136之管 壁經顯示為具有圓形橫截面之一管壁，但亦可使用其他之 管道橫截面。根據圖2之實施例’於其中併入標記液114之 φ 流體112對應地以與圖式之平面成直角的方向流動。 在圖2顯示之實施例中，偵測器ι4〇經架構為螢光偵測器 - 150形式之一光學偵測器。替代或除螢光偵測器1 50外，然 - 而亦可使用眾多其他之偵測理論。在所示之實施例中，镇 測器140包括屬雷射光源154形式之一激發光源152，以產 生属雷射光束158形式之一激發光束156。雷射光源154可 例如包括一半導體雷射、一固態雷射或其他種類之雷射。 亦可提供複數個雷射光源154之組合及/或習知的激發光源 152之組合或習知的激發光源152與雷射光源154之組合。 143115.doc -19- 201017162 可以脈衝或連續方式操作雷射光源154 ^尤其較佳地為脈 衝化及/或調變操作，在該操作中可調變激發光束156之強 度及/或相位。為此目的，例如可調變雷射光源154之致動 器（例如半導體雷射之雷射光束）。雷射光源154可發射單色 光’或亦可發射複數個波長。亦可提供複數個雷射光源 154。替代或除雷射光源154外，亦可提供習知的非内聚發 射之激發光源152以產生單色光’該等激發光源丨52亦可配 備例如頻率選擇元件，例如濾光器及/或分光鏡。 在本文一開始描述之先前技術中引用之標記液的較佳激 發波長係在紅光或紅外光譜區域中發射之激發光源152。 激發光源152亦可隨後或同時產生複數個激發光波長，以 例如記錄包括標記液丨丨4之流體的一螢光光譜或一激發光 譜。例如’亦可連續或逐步調整此等波長。 根據圖2，偵測器140中之激發光束156在檢測窗16〇處穿 透旁路136之管壁，並以與主要流動方向成直角進入包括 標圮液114之流體U2中。為增加激發光束156之強度，可 提供一反射器件162，其包括第二檢測窗164及平面鏡 166，其若需要亦可由一具有曲率之鏡子（例如一凹面鏡及/ 或凸面鏡)來替代平面鏡166。藉由反射器件162，激發光 束156經反射回到自身中，使得例如激發光束156在交互作 用區域168中具有特別高之強度及聚焦。 為偵測螢光，根據圖2在偵測器14〇中額外提供一光學偵 測器m。光學偵測器170亦包括一檢測窗m及一透鏡 174’利用透鏡174可選擇性地觀看來自交互作用區域168 143115.doc -20· 201017162 之螢光。通常自交互作用區域168以所有方向發射之此榮 光在根據圖2之示意性圖解中係象徵性地描述為一偵測光 束176，其可例如說明經由透鏡174之光束路徑的特徵。 例如在圖2顯示之實施例中，替代或除透鏡丨74外，光學 偵測器170可包括諸如聚光透鏡178之額外光學元件。另 外，可提供一個或多個濾光元件180，例如可消除來自偵 . 測光束176之激發光束150的光分量，或至少部分抑制此等 • 分量之濾光元件。濾光元件18〇可例如容納於一適當的減 光固持器中。例如，濾光元件180可經架構為一可交換之 據光元件。另外，光學偵測器17〇包括至少一個感光元件 182 ’例如一光元件、一半導體光偵測器、一 ccd晶片、 一光倍增器或類似之元件或感光元件182之組合。 以此方法，藉由圖2中顯示之偵測器140，藉由選擇性地 伯測由激發光束156選擇性地激發之標記液114的螢光，而 可斷定流體Π2中是否存在標記液Π4，且更特定言之亦可 φ 進行一定量之偵測，即判定標記液114在流體112中之濃 度。代替螢光，亦可使用眾多其他的偵測系統，例如透射 " 篁測、散射光量測、其他分光量測或類似物。圖2未顯示 可額外地包含於偵測器140中且例如可驅動及/或讀出至少 一個激發光源152及/或光學偵測器170的對應電子器件。 此4電子器件可包括例如一個或多個電子組件，以例如控 制激發光束156之強度及/或分光性質。另外，可完全或部 分評估至少一個感光元件182之信號，由此亦可進行預先 評估。例如，可利用激發光源152之一已知的調變之例如 143115.doc -21 - 201017162 · 鎖定方法進行錢處理（例如渡光）。由_器14Q或此㈣ 器140之電子器件（例如設置在此等電子器件中的—個或多 個資料處理器件）可確實進行至少一種標記液ιΐ4在流體 112中之濃度的判定。例如，在—資料處理器件中，可將 榮光強度轉換為漢度，以例如探究營光強度或另一種信號 強度與濃度之間的分析、經驗、半經驗關係。亦可將摘測 器14〇之此等電子器件與控制器件142(例如調節區域148)完 全或部分組合。 因此根據圖2之實施例的偵測器“ο可對標記液U4在流 體112中之濃度進行連續監測。以此方法’可以高可靠性 及精確性產生包括標記液丨丨4及流體丨丨2的成品，例如礦物 油產品及/或醇類。尤其使用雷射光具有如下效果：在液 流之一相對均勻的内部區域中，明確言之在具有相對較小 體積之交互作用區域168中進行樣本偵測。此區域係相對 均勻，且因此例如氣泡形成、懸浮物質或内部反射之常規 誤差來源可被排除在誤差來源之外，且其等幾乎不會影響 量測。以此方法，可連續調節標記液丨14之濃度，例如調 節至一目標值或在一目標範圍内調節。藉由添加性質可相 對於流體112之性質而具體選擇之標記液丨14，該量測受到 流體112之固有螢光之相對較小的影響。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係本發明裝置之一示意性結構平面圖；及 圖2係可在本發明内文中使用之一偵測器的一實施例。 【主要元件符號說明】 1431l5.doc -22- 201017162 110 利用標記液標記流體之裝置 112 流體 114 標記液 116 管線系統 118 分配站 120 運輸器件 ‘ 122 用於儲存流體之貯存罐 124 主要流動方向 w 126 用於儲存標記液之貯存罐 128 計量系統 130 計量線 132 打開點 134 計量泵 136 旁路 138 主線 φ 140 偵測器 142 控制器件 . 144 第一控制線 146 4 第二控制線 148 調節區域 150 螢光偵測器 152 激發光源 154 雷射光源 156 激發光束 143115.doc -23- 201017162 158 160 162 164 166 168 170 172 174 176 178 180 182 雷射光束 檢測窗 反射器件 檢測窗 平面鏡 交互作用區域 光學偵測器 檢測窗 透鏡 偵測光束 聚光透鏡 遽光元件 感光元件 143115.doc -24-(i.e., a batch) stream detecting at least one physical and scientific property of the marking fluid. For example, if the pipe system package *^ s is used directly, the pipe system package * ^ s, when the condition includes at least one bypass, should be from the main part of + T /; ILί fluid ^ One king line. At least one detector should be assigned to this homing in this bypass. When the different detectors are used with different bypasses, :3⁄4 are configured in each bypass. For example, if the - branch point branches from the main line, then = predator. The bypass phantom includes a parallel area, and then 143115.doc -12- 201017162 opens back to the main line in an open position. For example, at least one detector can then be configured in the parallel region. Further preferred embodiments relate to metering systems. As previously mentioned, the metering system should be adapted to introduce at least one marking fluid into the fluid and to be metered for metered addition of the marking fluid. More specifically, metering addition is understood to mean introducing a defined '(d) or weight or otherwise-ambiguous-unit quantity, mass or volume per unit time or per unit cycle. The more specific metering system may comprise at least one metering valve, ie a valve that can be set or interrupted to meter at least the metering fluid into the fluid. In this case, for example, a metering per cycle Set the volume unit. However, other types of metering valves are also available. Alternatively or additionally, the metering system can further include at least one metering $, such as a membrane pump, a piston pump, a peristaltic pump or a gear pump. The advantageous configuration for progress is about the detector. As previously mentioned, the detector can include, for example, at least one optical debt detector, i.e., one or more optically measurable properties that detect at least one marking fluid. Especially good when the optical predator includes cold light detector, ie fluorescent detector and / or phosphorescent detector - and / or Raman detector, scattered light detector, transmitted light detection A detector, an absorption detector, or a combination of such detectors. It is also possible to utilize more sophisticated detection systems that explore the spectral properties of at least one of the S-liquids, such as multiphoton absorption detectors, detectors that detect specific optical transitions, or the like. Thus, the optical detector can include, for example, at least one multi-color source. Alternatively, or in addition, a monochromatic source may be used, such as a source of monochromatic light by one or more optically-optical splitting devices. In addition, or alternatively, 143115.doc • 13· 201017162 or in addition, a laser source may be included, in which case the laser source produces at least one laser beam that at least partially penetrates the fluid. In general, the detector can further include at least one optical detector for detecting at least one light component emitted, transmitted or scattered by the fluid and/or the marking fluid. The detector may, for example, comprise at least one excitation source for generating at least one excitation beam, such as the above-described laser source, in which case the detector further comprises at least one reflective means for at least partially reflecting the excitation beam. In this way, for example, the emission can be made such that the excitation beam is at least partially reflected in the same beam path in the opposite direction, and multiple reflections in the beam path are also possible. In this way, for example, the intensity of the excitation beam within one of the detection volumes within the fluid or by the detector can be substantially enhanced. This greatly improves the sensitivity of the detector. Further measures can be taken to improve the signal quality of the detector. For example, the excitation beam can have a configuration that is at least partially pulsed or modulated, such as intensity modulated and/or frequency modulated. The detector can include detection sensitive to the modulation, such as a lock detector. In this way, for example, the large signal-to-noise ratio of the modified detection of the large towel field can greatly improve the accuracy of the detection, for example, detecting the concentration of the labeling liquid in the fluid. Further preferred embodiments relate to pipeline systems and their configurations. For example, the s-line system can include a distribution tank for distributing fluid to one of at least one transport device, such as a 'pipeline system can be opened into the distribution station, such that the pipeline system is connected to, for example, a distribution station, a relatively A storage tank, It forms part of the pipeline system - part 1 from the distribution station' can then for example fill a transport device such as a tanker truck, a wheeled rail tanker or similar transport device. Alternatively or in addition to 143115.doc 201017162, as previously mentioned, markers may also be used to distinguish different product streams, for example, in a production plant, distribution station, pipeline, or reactor. As previously mentioned, the method of the invention and the apparatus of the invention are particularly useful in the field of anti-counterfeiting. Anti-counterfeiting should be understood as not only protection against unauthorized products, but also protection against product confusion. In general, it is also possible in principle to include any product identification that makes the type and/or the original product identifiable at least with the smallest possible possibility under this condition. For example, at a suitable point (e.g., at an intermediate dealer, distributor, or consumer), a pair of inspection devices can be provided that register the presence of at least one marking fluid and/or a correct concentration. For example, an inspection device of this type can be provided, for example, at a filling station. If the check fails, for example, shut down a pump or provide a warning to the user. As previously mentioned, the inventive apparatus and method of the present invention can be used for product safety, i.e., in the described embodiments of anti-counterfeiting under the meaning of the above definition, particularly for mineral oil products. However, many other fluid products, such as alcohols or other fluid raw materials, can also be labeled in this way. • In summary, the inventive apparatus and method of the present invention constitutes a simple, easy to integrate, inexpensive but reproducible and reliable marking method & and the method is used in a general-purpose and profitable manner. In this way, relatively large security systems and network security flaws can be effectively eliminated. EXAMPLES Further details and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of the preferred embodiments. Specific features herein may be used independently or in combination. The invention is not limited to the embodiments. These embodiments are shown schematically in the drawings. The same reference numerals in the various drawings indicate the same or the elements that have the same function or correspond to the functions of the 143115.doc 201017162. Figure 1 shows a possible embodiment of the inventive device 110 for marking a fluid 112 with a marking fluid 114 in a schematic manner. It is assumed hereinafter that the fluid 112 is a liquid' that is dispensed into the transport device 120 via a pipeline system 116 having a distribution station us. The transport device is schematically shown in circle j as a tank truck. The dispensing station 117 may thus include, for example, a dispensing unit to which the tank truck is driven to or within the dispensing unit to dispense the fluid raft 2 into the tank of the tanker truck. However, other types of transport devices are also available. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, line system 116 is shown in a highly schematic form and, for example, a storage tank 122 for storing fluid 112 is coupled to distribution station 118. The storage tank 122 can be provided, for example, of a large size, for example, having hundreds of cubic centimeters, thousands of cubic centimeters, or the like. Storage tank 122 and line system 116 may, for example, be part of a refinery of mineral oil products. The line system 116 can further include a number of components not shown in Figure 1, such as valves for controlling the flow of individual components through the line system 丨16. Pumps or other conveying elements and/or flow meters, speedometers, pressure gauges or similar measuring devices are also available. The total pipeline system 116 can, for example, have a computer controlled configuration. In this embodiment fluid 112 flows through conduit system 116 in a primary flow direction. Further, according to the embodiment of Fig. 1, the apparatus 11A includes another storage tank 12 for storing the marking liquid 114, similar to other components, which is also shown schematically in Fig. 1. Typically, the storage tank 126 is constructed to be smaller than the storage tank 122 for storing the fluid 112. The apparatus 11 step-by-step includes a metering system US having a metering line 13〇 that connects the storage tank 126 to the pipeline system at an opening point 132 in the metering line ι3〇 into the pipeline system 116. At this point, for example, a simple orifice or gauge nozzle can be provided to introduce the marking fluid j 14 into the fluid i 12 (for example in the form of an accurate dispensing). The marking fluid can be present in any desired state of matter and metering system 128 can be set for these states. In the embodiment shown in Figure i, the marking fluid 114 is configured, for example, as a liquid marking fluid, such as a dye liquid. Alternatively or additionally, the marking fluid 114 (and the actual marking fluid) may also include, for example, a dye, a carrier material or a carrier (e.g., a carrier gas), a solvent, a dispersing agent, or the like. The term "labeling liquid 114." may also include the above materials, provided that the marking fluid 114 comprises at least one component having a measurable physical and/or chemical property*, particularly in the f θ mass in the column Optical (e.g., spectroscopic) amount of measurement = In the illustrated embodiment, metering system 128 includes a pump 134 that is introduced into the meter. For example, the metering pump 134 can be a cycle-operated high-precision pump (for example, a gear pump or a membrane pump), and one of the marking liquids 114 can accurately define the liquid flow in each cycle. Metering into the pipeline system U6... other configurations are also possible. Alternatively, metering line (10) and metering system 128 may also include other components, such as 3, delivery devices, or the like. For example, instead of or in addition, a metering valve in the 4-wire system 116 is metered out for the same, for example, of the marking fluid 114. The tube is connected to the pipeline system 116 at the (four) point 132 relative to the main downstream (9). The bypass usually has a bypass connected in parallel with the main line 13=Γ, a relatively narrow flow cross section, so that it flows through the bypass unit 3 per unit time compared to the main line 13 8 of 143115.doc -17· 201017162 The amount of liquid is small. In this embodiment in accordance with FIG. 1, detector 140 is disposed in bypass 136. The detector 140 is arranged to detect at least one detectable physical and/or chemical property of the marking fluid 114. For example, the at least one detectable physical and/or chemical property can be one of the optical properties of the marking fluid 114. The debt detector 140 is shown only schematically in Fig. 1, and is explained in detail below by way of example with reference to Fig. 2. In the embodiment according to Fig. 1, detector j4 is coupled to metering system 128 (e.g., metering pump 134) via control device 42. For this purpose, the detector ι4 〇 is connected to the control device 142 via a first control line 144, for example, and the control device 142 is then coupled to the metering pump 134 via a second control line 146. In the illustration of Figure 1, the control lines 144, 146 are shown in dashed lines as opposed to the fluid lines 130, 130, 136 and 138. Control lines 144, 146 may, for example, comprise a wired bond and/or a radio connection, such as a busbar system or the like. Control device 142 may include, for example, an electronic adjustment region 148 to, for example, implement a two-point closed loop control or digital or analog closed loop control. Alternatively or additionally, control device 142 may also include other electronic and/or electromechanical and/or mechanical components. For example, control device 142 may further include at least one data processing unit, such as one of the following data processing units: configured to fully or d-process the signals of detectors 140, and to transmit appropriate control and/or adjustment signals Impulse system 128. Therefore, the signal of the detector 140 can be converted into a control device. That is, and thus the marking fluid 114 can be metered based on such control signals. In this way, the metering 143115.doc 201017162 system 128 can be set, for example, based on the signal from the detector 14 and the current concentration of the labeling fluid 114 in the fluid 112, thereby less than, greater than, or equal to the marking fluid 114. The amount is metered into the pipeline system 116 at the opening point 132. In this method, for example, the concentration of the marking liquid 114 in the fluid U2 can be set to a target value. Compared to the conventional method, an on-line closed loop control method can be used here. In the above, the detector 14 used in the device U shown in FIG. 1 can be various detectors for at least one of the at least one marking liquid 丨 14. Detectable chemistry and/or The reaction is sensitively made by physical properties, and thus the determination of the concentration of the labeling liquid 114 can be performed. For example, reference is made to the numerous detectors described in the prior art cited at the outset. Figure 2 shows, in a schematic illustration, a possible embodiment of such a detector 140 that can be used in a device according to the figures. The detector 14 is shown in cross-section in a plane of the wearer at right angles to the bypass 136 according to Figure i, i.e., viewed from the main flow direction 124. Although the wall of the bypass 136 is shown as having one of the circular cross-sections as previously described, other cross-sections of the conduit may be used. The φ fluid 112 in which the marking liquid 114 is incorporated in accordance with the embodiment of Fig. 2 correspondingly flows in a direction at right angles to the plane of the drawing. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the detector ι4 is configured as one of the optical detectors in the form of a fluorescent detector-150. Instead of or in addition to the fluorescence detector 150, a number of other detection theories can be used. In the illustrated embodiment, the vernier 140 includes an excitation source 152 in the form of a laser source 154 to generate an excitation beam 156 in the form of a laser beam 158. Laser source 154 can include, for example, a semiconductor laser, a solid state laser, or other type of laser. Combinations of a plurality of laser sources 154 and/or a combination of conventional excitation sources 152 or a combination of conventional excitation sources 152 and laser sources 154 may also be provided. 143115.doc -19- 201017162 The laser source 154 can be operated in a pulsed or continuous manner, particularly preferably a pulsed and/or modulated operation in which the intensity and/or phase of the excitation beam 156 can be varied. For this purpose, for example, an actuator of a variable laser source 154 (e.g., a laser beam of a semiconductor laser) can be tuned. The laser source 154 can emit monochromatic light 'or can also emit a plurality of wavelengths. A plurality of laser sources 154 are also available. Alternatively or in addition to the laser source 154, a conventional non-cohesive emission excitation source 152 may be provided to produce monochromatic light. The excitation sources 52 may also be provided with, for example, frequency selective elements such as filters and/or Beam splitter. The preferred excitation wavelength of the labeling fluid cited in the prior art described at the outset is an excitation source 152 that is emitted in the red or infrared spectral region. The excitation source 152 can also generate a plurality of excitation light wavelengths subsequently or simultaneously to, for example, record a fluorescence spectrum or an excitation spectrum of the fluid comprising the labeling liquid. For example, these wavelengths can also be adjusted continuously or stepwise. According to Fig. 2, the excitation beam 156 in the detector 140 penetrates the wall of the bypass 136 at the detection window 16 and enters the fluid U2 including the target liquid 114 at a right angle to the main flow direction. To increase the intensity of the excitation beam 156, a reflective device 162 can be provided that includes a second detection window 164 and a planar mirror 166 that can be replaced by a mirror having curvature (e.g., a concave mirror and/or a convex mirror) if desired. With the reflective device 162, the excitation beam 156 is reflected back into itself such that, for example, the excitation beam 156 has a particularly high intensity and focus in the interaction region 168. To detect fluorescence, an optical detector m is additionally provided in the detector 14A according to FIG. The optical detector 170 also includes a detection window m and a lens 174' for selectively viewing the fluorescence from the interaction region 168 143115.doc -20· 201017162 using the lens 174. This luminaire, which is typically emitted in all directions from the interaction region 168, is symbolically depicted in the schematic illustration according to Fig. 2 as a detection beam 176 which may, for example, illustrate the characteristics of the beam path via lens 174. For example, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, instead of or in addition to the lens stack 74, the optical detector 170 can include additional optical components such as a condenser lens 178. In addition, one or more filter elements 180 may be provided, such as a light filtering component that cancels the excitation beam 150 from the detected beam 176, or at least partially suppresses such components. The filter element 18 can be housed, for example, in a suitable dimming holder. For example, filter element 180 can be constructed as an exchangeable light element. In addition, the optical detector 17A includes at least one photosensitive element 182' such as an optical element, a semiconductor photodetector, a ccd wafer, a photomultiplier or the like or a combination of photosensitive elements 182. In this way, by selectively detecting the fluorescence of the marking liquid 114 selectively excited by the excitation beam 156 by the detector 140 shown in FIG. 2, it can be determined whether or not the marking liquid 存在4 is present in the fluid Π2. And, more particularly, φ can be detected in a quantity that determines the concentration of the marking fluid 114 in the fluid 112. Instead of fluorescent light, many other detection systems can be used, such as transmission " speculation, scattered light measurements, other spectrophotometric measurements, or the like. 2 does not additionally include corresponding electronics that may be additionally included in the detector 140 and that may, for example, drive and/or read at least one of the excitation source 152 and/or the optical detector 170. The 4 electronic device can include, for example, one or more electronic components to, for example, control the intensity and/or spectral properties of the excitation beam 156. Alternatively, the signal of at least one of the photosensitive elements 182 can be evaluated in whole or in part, thereby allowing for pre-assessment. For example, money processing (e.g., light) can be performed using a known method of modulating the light source 152, such as 143115.doc -21 - 201017162. The determination of the concentration of at least one of the marking liquids ι 4 in the fluid 112 can be made by the electronics of the _14Q or the singulator 140 (e.g., one or more data processing devices disposed in such electronic devices). For example, in a data processing device, the glory intensity can be converted to Hando to, for example, explore the analysis, experience, and semi-empirical relationship between camp light intensity or another signal strength and concentration. The electronic devices of the reticle 14 can also be combined, in whole or in part, with the control device 142 (e.g., adjustment region 148). Therefore, the detector according to the embodiment of FIG. 2 can continuously monitor the concentration of the marking liquid U4 in the fluid 112. This method can produce the marking liquid 丨丨 4 and the fluid 高 with high reliability and precision. Finished products of 2, such as mineral oil products and/or alcohols. In particular, the use of laser light has the effect of being carried out in an internally region of relatively uniform flow, specifically in an interaction zone 168 having a relatively small volume. Sample detection. This area is relatively uniform, and thus conventional sources of error such as bubble formation, suspended matter or internal reflection can be excluded from the source of error, and etc. will hardly affect the measurement. The concentration of the labeling liquid 丨 14 is adjusted, for example, to a target value or adjusted within a target range. The labeling liquid 丨 14 is specifically selected with respect to the nature of the fluid 112 by adding properties that are inherent to the fluid 112. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic structural plan view of a device of the present invention; and Fig. 2 is used in the context of the present invention. An embodiment of a detector. [Main component symbol description] 1431l5.doc -22- 201017162 110 Device for marking fluid with marking fluid 112 Fluid 114 Marking fluid 116 Pipeline system 118 Distribution station 120 Transport device ' 122 For storing fluid Storage tank 124 Main flow direction w 126 Storage tank for storing marking liquid 128 Metering system 130 Metering line 132 Opening point 134 Metering pump 136 Bypass 138 Main line φ 140 Detector 142 Control device. 144 First control line 146 4 Second control line 148 adjustment area 150 fluorescence detector 152 excitation source 154 laser source 156 excitation beam 143115.doc -23- 201017162 158 160 162 164 166 168 170 172 174 176 178 180 182 laser beam detection window reflector Detection window plane mirror interaction area optical detector detection window lens detection beam concentrating lens illuminating element photosensitive element 143115.doc -24-