TW201016619A - A process for a fly ash contaminated with a hazardous material be solidificated and stabilizated - Google Patents

Abstract

A process for a fly ash contaminated with a hazardous material such as a heavy metal be solidificated and stabilizated. The process is added a classificated incinerator ash, Kaolin and alkali liquer to the fly ash, mixed all of it for 30 minutes as sludge and put the sludge under the circumstance of 45 centigrade degree/100%. Relative Humidity for 2 days, then move it to circumstance of nature for 5 days to solidificated and stabilizated the Lead and Cadmium contaminated in the fly ash.

Description

201016619 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention belongs] Chromium [Prior Art] It is 27 liters = garbage is %. And the waste record (4) incineration and duty, up to 98.93 things, and among them incineration fly ash in the ship, mine and other heavy metal and other by-products set standards, and is classified as hazardous waste is a waste ^ fly t treatment mainly in Portland The cement is supplemented with a mixture of F. 』/ ;ΐ"^ ❿ The main raw material of the original 2 inorganic chemistry: phase:: about 5% of the fly ash, and the knowledge of the A, the contribution of waste After incineration, some cements and chelating agents are added to cure/release 彳I. Therefore, the mechanical strength of the body is reduced, which is not conducive to the subsequent application of materials. “: 5 201016619 ϊ ί ί ί 虞 虞 虞 虞 虞 虞 虞 虞 虞 虞 虞 虞 虞However, there is also a separate oral anti-intentional strength department that cannot meet the regulatory standards, and because the sputum mixture is more sturdy, the sputum is more than 2 to 3 times the cost of the solidification/stabilization method. Will / raw deterioration or corruption _ silk, the long-term stability after the ^ also has doubts about re-dissolution.

In CaO and CO County water/Nissan raw materials, CaC〇3 will be decomposed into carbon dioxide by high temperature, and it is estimated that each production-male side cement, ijif i, ^Hc〇2', uses cement to solidify/stabilize incineration fly ash. Have a good thought. The main ginger characteristic of Yanji polymer is energy saving, low carbon monoxide emission should be high pressure resistance and does not need to be sintered at high temperature, and only need to produce a material similar to ceramic structure with lower loot machine technology. A large number of polymeric materials can also be used to cure and stabilize heavy gold. The mechanism for curing heavy metals by mechanical materials includes physical adsorption and chemical coating. Because of 2*2ϋΐ3ί, the resource utilization of sludge recycling as an inorganic polymer material and solidification/remediation of wastes has been implemented. No. VIII (4) "Waste Disposal Method" is to add water glass to the waste, and stir it with water to form a lead bismuth sulphate precipitate in the waste to stabilize the lead and stabilize the harmful heavy metal ship. The invention combines water glass and water, that is, sodium citrate solution and water and heavy metal waste, to cure and solidify, and the solidified body has low mechanical strength, which is unfavorable for subsequent application of the solidified material. Another invention patent No. 301697 "Stabilization and Utilization of Ash" is a method for stabilizing the incinerator ash. The steps are as follows: 1. The incinerated ash is separated into a dry ash by a separator, 2. The separated dry ash is introduced into an acid. The water storage tank reacts with the acid water to wash out the heavy metal. 3. The heavy metal solution is taken out and incinerated by a heavy metal solution incinerator to collect heavy metals. The patent for the heavy metal extraction does not have a machine for solidifying or stabilizing heavy metals. And the prior art method mentioned in the content is: the ash from the incineration to a separation, the separation of impurities and scrap iron, 2. the transfer of the separated ash slag to a chelation reactor, which will have a defined surface Activator and ethyieneciiamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) as a heavy metal chelating agent to stir the mixture, fix the heavy ash in the ash residue 201016619 genus to extract heavy metals, 4. Feed the fixed heavy metal to the chelate separation reaction vessel The heavy metal is separated by EDTA by stirring and mixing. 5. The heavy metal solution separated from the reaction vessel by the chelating agent is fed with alkali to convert the acidic EDTA, and sent back to the chelating vessel for recovery. The disadvantages are: 1. The cost-effectiveness is not high. 2. It is extremely time-consuming to prepare the chelating complexing agent. 3. The separation of EDTA into 4NaEDTA is extremely costly. [Summary of the Invention]

固化 The curing agent substrate used in the present invention is taken from municipal waste incinerated bottom slag wet sifting sludge. 'Inorganic polymer is prepared by mixing wet kaolin with alkaline kaolin and alkaline activation liquid to cure/stabilize. Incineration of heavy metals such as Pb and Cd in fly ash, and discussion of different Si/Al mole ratio, SiO2/M20 mole ratio (M=Na, K) and water ash, for wet sieve sludge solidification / When stabilizing the influence of the dissolution characteristics and compressive strength of heavy metals in fly ash ^, when SJ/A1J: 匕 is fixed, the dissolution concentration of Pb and cd in the fly ash solidified body is larger with the water-cement ratio and the compressive strength is As the water-cement ratio increases, the heavy metal solubility decreases with increasing Si/Al ratio, and the compressive strength increases with the Si/A1 ratio, and when the Si/Al ratio increases. When the ratio of SiCVMzO is 〇.8〇 and the water-cement ratio is 0.59, the dissolution concentration of Pb in the fly ash is 3.44mg/l 'The dissolution concentration of Cd is 84.84mg/l, far-flying ash Pb The dissolution concentration was 49.33 mg/l and the dissolution concentration of Cd was 3.68 mg/l, and the compressive strength of the solid solution was 89.53 kg/cm2. The results show that the use of incineration g-sludge wet 4 sludge solidification / stabilization of heavy metals in the incineration fly ash has its efficacy and practicality. The polymer is mainly a natural zeolite structure, which is composed of bismuth, oxygen and Aluminum glass phase ternary structure, [also 0^1-0-]11 P〇Wsial this) '夕: rSl_〇_]n P〇ly(Sialate-Sil〇XO) ' [-Si-0 The -A1-〇-Si-〇-Si-〇-li structure is the main form, and the role of cement is the biggest difference in the balance of the dice. However, the inorganic polymer can be widely used in building materials because of its high quality and can be used as a building material. In addition, inorganic polymers have the potential for kaolin chemical properties for heavy metals. For example, Jaarsveld uses a coal-fired fly ash blending machine to add copper and _ sub-synthesis, which will be mismatched and tested. When the diameter is broken to 2/600!^111, the ^2 is ρριη, and the copper ion elution concentration is between 12/30ppm. The effect of solidification and deuteration on the wrong ions is good. Using a sulphurized bottom slag wet sieve sludge to mix a fixed ratio of metakaolin 7 201016619

As a reaction substrate of an inorganic polymer, an alkaline activation solution is added to carry out polymerization reaction solidification/stabilization of incineration fly ash to make heavy metal 'dissolve the fly ash solidified metal with different Si/Al ratio, SiO 2 /M 20 ratio and water cement ratio The influence of the characteristics and compressive strength was found to be Si/A1 with a Si / A1 ratio of 2.93 'Si (the heavy metal of the fly ash solidified body obtained by VM2 〇.8〇; the lowest bark concentration) The ratio of the heavy metal Cd dissolution of the fly ash solidified body with a ratio of 2.93 and Si〇2/M2 〇 is 0.93, which is the lowest, and shows the fly ash solidified body with a Si/A1 ratio of 2.93 at the setting of the reaction parameters of the present invention. There is the best heavy gold f Pb, curing / stabilizing effect, and the si〇2/M2 〇 ratio is too large, but will make the heavy metal pb dissolve? The degree of slight increase in the 'thickness' and the heavy metal Cd dissolution concentration, then with si〇2 As the ratio of /M20 increases, the curing/stabilizing effect increases. As for the solidification/stabilization of other heavy metals, the dissolution ratio of heavy metal Cu&Cr has micro-t Ϊ rule change with the different ratio of fly ash solidified body. , but overall, when the ratio of Si / A1 is the same, with Si02/M 20 and slightly increased, but decreased slightly with the increase of water-cement ratio. The concentration of dissolved metal in heavy metal Β & is almost the same, there is no obvious change with the proportion of fly ash solidified body. : 土本?!About the harmful heavy metals contained in the solids in the bottom slag wet-sludge sludge solidification/stabilized fly ash, the special chlorpyrifos provides a kind of bottom-cracking sludge solidification/stabilization H The metal treatment method 'to the sludge 13~i4wt% plus incineration fly ash granules should be heard, _3. In the environment of Remiya =,,, '100% (Relative Humidity referred to rh) for two days After placing for five days to solidify/stabilize the incineration fly ash, the heavy gold ash such as pb and Cd is the same as the base material. The Si/A1 ratio of the reaction substrate is 2.93. [Embodiment] Fly ash ϊ i i sludge, incineration slag slag wet teacher Qiao · mud for the southern incineration bottom slag wet sifting and sorting plant, through the thirst 8 201016619 fly ash for the wet separation sludge obtained from the separation process, The final mixed fly ash produced by incineration and enrichment. The composition of Shi Xi and Ming is composed of oxides such as AJA and Fe2〇3. The incineration primer sludge Sl2 is the main constituent crystal and the incineration fly ash characteristic analysis results are as follows: C should be =. The order is Si〇2, ΑΙΑ, κ20 and Na7〇, and the right is the most 'secondary according to 0.37%' The results of the basic crystal phase analysis are compared with the amount of sieve sludge. Although the U fly ash 1 has fly ash f change, the soil and wet easily react with the inorganic polymer raw material species U, and it can be inferred that the incineration fly ash should be

Cd 49.33 一1 Μ 1.23 0.90 - 5.0 1.0 PPm Incineration fly ash wet sieve sludge _ TCLP control standard 1 〇〇 Note: ''-' indicates that the concentration is lower than O.lppm 201016619 Mainly ίίίίίί and f phase analysis shows that wet sieve The sludge has a potential of _, and the incineration fly ash is mainly γ CaO, but because of the low bismuth and aluminum, it is speculated that the characteristics of the reaction of the incineration raw material (4) are shown by the original results, and the dissolved concentration of the incinerated ash heavy metal is 2 ft should be able to produce heavy solids in the incineration fly ash heavy metal / stabilized ^ ϊ ί ί ί ί ί ί ί ί ί ί ί ί ί ί ί ί ί After the solidified body is placed at 45c/i〇〇%rh for two days and at room temperature for five days, the finished solidified body is transferred to a dry box for later analysis. The toxic characteristic dissolution test (tclp) The results showed that in the test results of the wet teacher's bath, only a small amount of Cr, 〇1 and pb were dissolved, but the bean soluble f was not environmentally harmful. The incineration fly ash was palpitations and Cd. The concentration is 49.33mg/l and 1.23mg/l exceeding the regulatory standards, J: Pb very much higher than the legal standards, should solidification / stabilization process in the following eight embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail; Example a

The mixture of 46 wt%/〇 incineration fly ash, 17 wt% wet sieve sludge and metakaolin was added with sodium citrate and NaOH solution, and the ratio of si/Al ratio and SiO 2 /M20 was as shown in Table 3. In the second embodiment, 40 wt% incineration fly ash, 15 wt% wet sieve sludge and metakaolin are added and mixed with sodium citrate and NaOH solution, and the ratio of &/Α1 ratio, si〇2/M2 ratio and water-cement ratio are as follows. Table 3 〇 Example 3 with 36%% incineration fly ash, 14wt% wet sieve sludge and metakaolin, etc. and then added with sodium silicate and NaOH solution mixed with stirring, its si/Al ratio, SiO2/M20 ratio and water-cement ratio As shown in Table 3. Example 4 201016619 43 wt% incineration fly ash, i6 wt% wet sieve sludge and metakaolin, etc., and then mixed with sodium silicate and NaOH solution, the Si/Ai ratio, Si〇2/M2 ratio and water-cement ratio As shown in Table 3. Example 5 38 wt% incineration fly ash, i5 wt% wet sieve sludge and metakaolin were added and mixed with sodium citrate and NaOH solution, and the Si/Al ratio, the SiO 2 /M 2 enthalpy ratio and the water-cement ratio were as shown in Table 3. Embodiment 6

The mixture of 34wt ° / 〇 incinerated fly ash, I3wt% wet sieve sludge and metakaolin was added with sodium citrate and NaOH solution, and the Si/Al ratio, Si〇2/M2 ratio and water-cement ratio were as shown in Table 3. . Example 7 42 wt% incineration fly ash, I6 wt% wet sieve sludge and metakaolin were added and mixed with sodium citrate and NaOH solution, and the Si/Al ratio, the SiO 2 /M 20 ratio and the water-cement ratio were as shown in Table 3. In the eighth embodiment, 37 wt% incineration fly ash, 14 wt% wet sieve sludge and metakaolin are added and mixed with sodium citrate and NaOH solution, and the Si/Al ratio, the SiO 2 /M 2 enthalpy ratio and the water-cement ratio are as shown in Table 3. . In the ninth embodiment, 33 wt% incineration fly ash, 13 wt% wet sieve sludge and metakaolin are added and mixed with sodium silicate and NaOH solution, and the Si/Al ratio, Si〇2/M2 ratio and water-cement ratio are respectively mixed. For example, 201016619 -... -....... ash solidified body _ _ ΐ sample incineration fly ash (known wet sieve sludge (%) Si / Al ratio Si (VM20 than water cement ratio example 1 46 ] 17 1.88 0.54 0.33 眚 Example 2 40 H 15 2.40 0.93 0.39 Example 3 36 14 2.93 1.22 0.45 Example 4 43 16 1.88 0.38 0.40 Example 5 38 _ 15 2.40 0.68 0.46 Example 6 34 13 2.93 0.93 0.51 Example 7 42 16 1.88 0.32 0.47 Example 8 "37 14 2.40 0.58 0.53 Example 9 33 13 2.93 0.80 0.59 Record 3, 3, 4 and 5 and Table 4 are respectively in the Si / A1 ratio a group 1 t f2.40 and the 2.93 fly ash solidified body in the C group showed different trend trends in different Si〇2/M20 degrees. After comparison, it was found that #fly ash solidified Si/A1 ratio=1·88 was For example (please refer to Figure 3), the weight of the heavy metal US 2 degree USlCVM2 ° increase from 6mg / 1 increased to 19 shout 'Cd, member, but still can be seen that cd & cu has a slight increase, ^ and Ba financial slightly reduced trend, The larger the ratio of Si/A1, the more obvious this trend is. The sample solidified body; the burned ash (%) B composition (Si/Al) [1 sieve sludge (%) jt fixed - Si / Al Bu h Si〇 2 /M20 ratio a Example 1 46 17 1.88 〇 54 Example 4 _ 43 16 1 88 π QQ Example 7.42 - 0.32 b Example 2 - 40 15 2.4 Π 0 〇 3 Example 5 __ 38 15 24-D 〇6R Example 8 37 14 Lmj 0.58 c Example 3 _ 36 14 293 1 99 Example 6 34 13 2^3 〇g^ Example 9 33 13 L-2.93 V/ mJ 0.80 Table 4 12 201016619 In addition, when flying When the Si/Al ratio of the ash-cured body is changed, the fly ash solidified body of Example 1/Example 2/Example 3 is increased from 1.88 to 2.93 in the si/A1 ratio, and the amount of heavy metal Pb and Cd eluted is 18.99, respectively. / 16.90 / 13.90mg / l and 2.98 / 2.66 / 2.15mg / b have a tendency to decrease with the Si / A1 ratio, the lower the dissolution concentration. The above-mentioned heavy metal dissolution concentration change tendency was the same as in Examples 4 to 6 and Examples to Example 9.

Therefore, it can be seen from the results of the heavy metal dissolution test of the fly ash solidified body that the solidification/stabilization efficiency of the heavy metal in the incineration fly ash is affected by the Si/A1 ratio of the solidified body composition. It is more remarkable that the concentration of heavy metal dissolved in the solidified body increases with the Si/Al ratio, and increases as the Si/Al ratio of the solidified body decreases as the Si/Al ratio changes. And different heavy metals also have different trends. Then compare the trend of the dissolution concentration of heavy metals in the fly ash solidified body at different water-cement ratios. For example, Figure 6, Figure 7, and Figure 8 are respectively 1.88 of the Si / A1 ratio a group, 2.40 and the group c of the b group. In the case of 2.93 fly ash solidified body, the concentration trend of each heavy metal dissolution concentration is different. When the Si / A1 ratio in the fly ash solidified body is the same, the dissolution ratio of heavy metal Pb is taken as Si / A1 ratio = 1.88. As the water-cement ratio increased from Dmg/丨 to 6 mg/b Cd, Cu, Cr and Ba, although the change was not obvious, it can be seen that Cd and Cu have a slight decrease trend, while Cr and Ba have a slight increase trend. The change trend is also more obvious as the Si/Al ratio is larger, which is the same as the heavy metal dissolution concentration change diagram (Fig. 6, Fig. 7, and Fig. 8) of the fly ash solidified body at different si〇2/M2 turns ratio. When the Si / A1 ratio of the fly ash solidified body is changed, the fly ash solidified body of Example 丨 / Example 2 / Example 3 is increased from 1.88 to 2.93 in the Si/Al ratio, and the Pb and Cd elution amounts are respectively The ratio of 18.99/16.90/13.90 mg/l and 2.98/2.66/2.15 mg/l has a tendency to decrease as the ratio of Si/A1 increases, and when the Si/Ai ratio is 2, the heavy metal Pb is original. The dissolution value is 49.33mg/l and down to i3.9〇mg/b. With the water-cement ratio, it drops to 3.95 and 3.44, which is lower than the regulatory limit (5mg/1). Heavy metal curing / stabilization effect. a Therefore, as a result of the overall comparison, it was found that the Si/A1 of the composition of Example 9 was 2.93, and the fly ash solidified body obtained by the SKVMzO ratio of 0.80 had the lowest 'p degree, and the ratio of Example 6 was The Si/Al ratio is 2.93, and the concentration of the heavy metal 〇i dissolved in the fly ash with SiO2/M,0 ί 〇.l is the lowest. "This 2 round ratio; J is the best setting for the fly ash solidified body with the largest Si/Al ratio (2.93) according to the parameter setting. 13 201016619

The curing/stabilizing effect of Pb and Cd, while the Si〇2/M20 ratio is too large, the concentration of heavy metal Pb will increase slightly, while the concentration of heavy metal cd will increase with the ratio of SiCVlO. The effect is increased. As for the solidification/stabilization effect of other heavy metals, as the ratio of the fly ash solidified bodies is different, there are slight irregular changes in the dissolution concentrations of heavy metals Cu and Cr. However, as a whole, when the Si/Al ratio is the same, it increases slightly as the Si〇2/M2 ratio increases, but decreases slightly as the water-cement ratio increases. The dissolution concentration of heavy metal Ba is almost the same, and there is no obvious change with the ratio of fly ash solidified body. As can be seen from Fig. 9, when the Si/Al ratio is the same, the Si/Al ratio = 1.88 is taken as an example (comparison of Example 1, Example 4 and Example 7), and the solidification is performed as the ratio of SiO 2 / M 20 is larger. When the compressive strength of the body is A'Si/Al ratio is 2.4〇 and Z93, the compressive skin is in the embodiment 2, the embodiment 5, the embodiment 8 and the embodiment 3, the embodiment 6, and the embodiment 9 along with the SiO 2 . The /M20 β ratio increases as the ratio increases. If the Si/Al ratio is compared, it is found that when the si/Ai ratio is increased from 1.88 to 2.93, the compressive strength is increased from the lowest of 8.87 Kg/cm2 to the highest value of 89.53.

Kg/cm2, which shows that the compressive strength of the fly ash solidified body increases with the increase of the Si/A1 ratio. It can be seen from Fig. 10 'When the Si/Al ratio is the same, the Si/Al ratio = 1.88 is taken as an example ( In the first embodiment, the fourth embodiment and the seventh embodiment, the compressive strength is smaller as the water-cement ratio is larger. When the Si/Al ratio is 2.40 and 2.93, the compressive strength is in the second embodiment. 5. Example 8 and Example 3, Example 6, and Example 9 have a tendency to decrease after the water-cement ratio is first reduced. If the Si/Al ratio is compared, it is found that the maximum compressive strength value (89 g Kg/cm) is obtained when the Si/A1 ratio is increased from 188 2 to 2 93 ′ at the maximum water-cement ratio (0.59). The result is the same as that of the cured body at different ratios of SiO 2 / M 20 , and the pressure resistance of the fly ash solidified body increases with the increase of the Si/Al ratio. In addition, when the ratio of the solidified body SiCVlO is the same (Example 2 and Example 6), the compressive strength of the cured body having a relatively large water ash (0.51 > 0.39) is slightly larger (55.98 Kg/cm2 > 55.178 Kg/em2). ).

From the above results, the overall compressive strength of the cured body decreases with the increase of SiCVlO ratio at the same Si/Al ratio, but increases with the increase of water-cement ratio; when Si/A1 ratio is different, the overall trend follows Si. The ratio of /Al increases with the increase; when the ratio of si〇2/M20 is the same, the compressive strength of the solidified body with a larger water ash is slightly larger. Therefore, it is presumed that if the ratio of g at the time of production of the solidified body is larger, or the ratio of Si/Al is larger, the content of the reaction is contained in the original species, and the amount of the cured body is more easily formed. The degree of compressive strength of the fly ash solidified body is also increased accordingly. a U composite fly ash solidified body results in heavy metal dissolution concentration and compressive strength. It can be seen that the heavy metal solidification/stabilization of the fly ash 2010 201019 ash solidified body is affected by the s ratio and the water-cement ratio at the same Si/Al ratio. The larger the water-cement ratio is, the more the structural strength (compressive strength) of the fly ash solidified body is, the more the structural strength (compressive strength) of the fly ash solidified body is, so the damage of the fly ash solidified body is affected by the damage of the external environment. The characteristics are greater for the curing and stabilization of the heavy metal. The Si/A1 ratio is stronger than that of the J. The smaller the Chen is, the smaller the court is because of the structure of the solidified body. 201016619 [Simple description of the drawing] Fig. 1. The present invention is a rough flow chart of the treatment of the smear of the smear. Fig. 2. The bottom of the present invention> The wet phase _ sludge, fly ash crystal phase analysis chart. Figure 3. Treatment of heavy metals in solid ash sludge solidification/stabilized fly ash by bottom slag - Method for the formation of fly ash solidified body in group 148 with Si/Al ratio of 188

SiCVMzO compares the trend of the dissolution concentration of each heavy metal. β Figure 4. The present invention uses a bottom slag wet sieve sludge solidification/stabilization of heavy metals in fly ash. The Si/Α1 ratio of the method is 2.4 〇.

SiCVM2. Compare the trends of the concentration of each heavy metal dissolution concentration. Figure 5. Treatment of heavy metals in fly ash solidified sludge solidification/stabilized fly ash according to the present invention. The fly ash solidified body in the e group with a Si/Al ratio of 2.93 is different.

SiCVlvtO aligns the concentration trend of each heavy metal dissolution concentration. Fig. 6 Fig. φ The method for treating heavy metals in the bottom slag wet sieve sludge solidification/stabilized fly ash according to the invention The Si/Α1 ratio is 1.88 b in the fly ash solidified body A plot of the change in the concentration of each heavy metal in different water-cement ratios. Fig. 7. The treatment method of the heavy metal in the bottom slag wet sieve sludge solidification/stabilized fly ash The variation trend of the dissolution concentration of each heavy metal in the water-cement ratio of the fly ash solidified body in the d/Al ratio of 2.40 Figure. Fig. 8. The treatment method for the heavy metal in the solidification/stabilized fly ash of the bottom wet staining sludge in the present invention. The fly ash solidified body in the f group with the Si/Al ratio of 2.93 is compared with the different gold metal dissolution concentration in different water ash 201016619. Trends are rampant. Figure 9. The treatment method of the heavy metal in the solid residue sludge solidification/stabilized fly ash according to the present invention is the change trend of the compressive strength value of the fly ash solidified body for seven days in different Si〇2/j^2 ratio. Figure. Fig. 10 is a diagram showing the change of the compressive strength value of the fly ash solidified body in the fly ash solidified body in different water-cement ratios by the method of treating the heavy metal in the fly ash sludge solidification/stabilized fly ash. _ - [Main component symbol description] ❹ 17

Claims (1)

201016619 X. The scope of application for patents: 1. A method for treating heavy metals in a solidified sludge in a bottom slag wet-sludge sludge stabilization/stabilization incineration fly ash, characterized in that: 13~14wt% of the wet-sludge sludge is added to the incineration fly ash 33~36wt% The reaction substrate such as metakaolin and the test activation liquid were added, mixed for 3 minutes, placed at 451/10()0/^ rh for two days, and then placed at room temperature for five days to solidify and stabilize the incineration fly ash. Sun, Cd and other heavy metals. 2. For the treatment of heavy metals in the bottom slag wet-sludge sludge solidified and stabilized fly ash as described in item 1 of the patent scope, the reaction substrate/eighth ratio is f93. 3. For the treatment of the bottom slag wet-sludge sludge solidification and stabilization of the heavy metals in the fly ash as described in the scope of the patent application, the reaction substrate is SiO 2 / M 20 ^ rabbit 0.80 to 0.93. The method of treating the heavy metal in the bottom slag_sludge solidification and stabilization f, the water-cement ratio of the reverse wire material is Q 5i~〇 59