201014676 九、發明說明： .【發明所屬之技術領域】 . 本發明涉及一種數控機床辅助裝置，尤其涉及一種數 控機床及工件加工方法。 【先前技術】 數控機床加工時，必須進行對刀，即設置工件之座標 原點，確定其補償值，才能進行程式之自動加工。傳統之 對刀方法係使用試切法，係用裝夾於刀架上之刀具，直接 ®與，件相接觸，以確定刀具刀尖之縱或橫方向座標數值。 然後，通過控制系統，將刀尖座標值輸入數控機床程式中， 以備切削。但每換一批工件，都得重新接觸工件進行對刀， 即要重新確定刀尖之座標值。然而於奈米級加工中，因刀 具本身精度已達到奈米級，於每次接觸中，容易產生較大 之誤差’同時會於工件表面產生切痕。 【發明内容】 有鑑於此，有必要提供一種非接觸式之數控機床及工 件加工方法。 一種數控機床，用於加工一工件，其包括一機床本體、 一設置於該機床本體上之刀架、一安裝於該刀架上之與該 工件相對之刀具、及一控制系統，該數控機床還包括一測 距儀，該測距儀固定於該刀架上，並與該刀具尖端間隔一 第一距離，該測距儀用於測量其與工件之間之一第二距 離，並計算該第二距離與第一距離之差值，該控制系統用 於接收該測距儀之差值訊號，並根據該差值訊號控制該刀 5 201014676 架移動，使該刀具加工該工件。 • 一種工件加工方法，其包括以下步驟：提供一數控機 -床，其包括一機床本體、一設置於該機床本體上之刀架、 一安裝於該刀架上之與該工件相對之刀具、一控制系統及 一測距儀，該測距儀固定於該刀架上，並與該刀具尖端間 隔一第一距離；提供一工件，該工件與該刀具相對；利用 該測距儀測量其與該工件之間之第二距離，並計算第二距 離與第一距離之間之差值；該控制系統接收該差值訊號， 並根據該差值訊號控制該刀架移動，使該刀具加工該工件。 相較於先前技術，該數控機床通過一測距儀可非接觸 式之測量刀具尖端與工件之間之距離，確定該刀具尖端相 對於該工件之座標值，從而避免刀具與工件對刀時之接觸。 【實施方式】 下面將結合附圖，對本發明實施例作進一步之詳細說 明。 〇 請一併參閱圖1與圖3’本發明實施例提供了一種數控 機床100,用於加工一工件30。該數控機床1〇〇包括一機 床本體10 ; —設置於該機床本體1〇上之刀架4〇; 一安裝 於該刀架40上之與該工件30相對之刀具2〇，該刀具2〇 具有一尖端201 ; —控制系統80及一測距儀6〇 ^該刀架4〇 設置於該機床本體10上。該測距儀可安裝於該刀架4〇之 上表面或下表面。於本實施例中，該測距儀6〇安裝於該刀 架40之上表面404。該測距儀60與該刀具尖端2〇1間隔一 第一距離b。於本實施例中，該測距儀6〇為雷射測距儀， 6 201014676 其測距精度為1至ίο微米。該控制系統8〇與該測距儀6〇 .電連接，用於接收該測距儀60之距離訊號。於本實施例中， .該控制系統80係指數控裝置與伺服系統之集成，通過數控 裝置發出位移指令控制伺服系統按進給速度與進給方向驅 動該刀架40運動。 請參閱圖2,本發明實施例提供之一種工件加工方法， 其包括以下步驟： 提供一數控機床，其包括一機床本體、一設置於該機 床本體上之刀架、一安裝於該刀架上之與該工件相對之刀 具、一控制系統及一測距儀，該測距儀固定於該刀架上， 並與該刀具尖端間隔一第一距離b; 提供一工件，該工件與該刀具相對； 利用該測距儀測量其與該工件之間之第二距離c，並計 算第二距離c與第一距離b之間之差值a ; 該控制系統接收該差值訊號，並根據該差值訊號控制 ❹該刀架移動’使該刀具加工該工件。 下面將對使用該數控機床加工工件之加工方法進行詳 細描述。 首先^供一待加工之工件30及該數控機床1〇()，該工 件30與該刀具20相對。於加工之前，需進行對刀，即確 定該工件30與該刀具20之尖端201之間之相對位置。由 於該測距儀60與該刀具尖端201間隔之第一距離匕係已知 之，利用測距儀60測量其與該工件30之間之第二距離。， 利用c-b即可得出該測距儀60與該刀具2〇之尖端2〇1之距 7 201014676 離差值a。該控制系統80接收該差值訊號，得出該刀具尖 .端201相對於該工件30之水準方向（如圖中箭頭所指示之 •方向）之座標值。然後，將該座標值輸入至該控制系統 之控製程式中，該控制系統80控制該刀架4〇移動，使該 刀具20加工該工件30。 可以理解，該工件3〇可設置於一支撐件90上，該工 件30可相對於該支撐件9〇上下運動，以利於該刀具於垂 ©直方向上對該工件30進行加工。 相較於先前技術，該數控機床1〇〇通過一測距儀6〇可 非接觸式之測量刀具尖端2〇1與工件3〇之間之距離，從而 確疋該刀具尖端201相對於該工件3〇之座標值，避免刀具 20與工件3〇對刀時之接觸。 、 综上所述，本發明確已符合發明專利之要件，遂依法 提出專利申請。惟，以上所述者僅為本發明之較佳實施方 式，自不能以此限制本案之申請專利範圍。舉凡熟悉本案 _技藝之人士援依本發明之精神所作之等效修飾或變化，皆 應涵蓋於以下申請專利範圍内。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係本發明實施例提供之數控機床之結構示意圖。 圖2係本發明實施例提供之數控機床之加工方法之流 程示意圖。 圖3係圖1中測距儀測量刀具與工件之間之距離之示 忍圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 8 201014676 數控機床 100 工件 30 機床本體 10 刀架 40 刀具 20 刀具尖端 201 控制系統 80 測距儀 60 上表面 404 支樓件 90201014676 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present invention relates to a numerical control machine tool auxiliary device, and more particularly to a digital control machine tool and a workpiece machining method. [Prior Art] When machining CNC machine tools, it is necessary to perform tool setting, that is, set the coordinate origin of the workpiece and determine the compensation value to perform automatic machining of the program. The traditional method of tool setting uses the trial cutting method, which uses the tool clamped on the tool holder to directly contact the piece to determine the vertical or horizontal coordinate value of the tool tip. Then, through the control system, the tool nose coordinate value is input into the CNC machine program for cutting. However, each time a batch of workpieces is changed, the workpiece must be re-contacted to perform the tool setting, that is, the coordinate value of the tool tip should be re-determined. However, in the nano-scale processing, since the accuracy of the tool itself has reached the nanometer level, a large error is easily generated in each contact, and a cut is generated on the surface of the workpiece. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a non-contact type numerical control machine tool and a workpiece processing method. A numerical control machine tool for machining a workpiece, comprising: a machine tool body, a tool holder disposed on the machine body, a tool mounted on the tool holder opposite to the workpiece, and a control system, the CNC machine tool The invention also includes a range finder fixed to the tool holder and spaced apart from the tool tip by a first distance, the range finder is configured to measure a second distance between the tool and the workpiece, and calculate the The difference between the second distance and the first distance, the control system is configured to receive the difference signal of the range finder, and control the movement of the knife 5 201014676 according to the difference signal, so that the tool processes the workpiece. A workpiece processing method comprising the steps of: providing a numerical control machine-bed comprising a machine body, a tool holder disposed on the machine body, a tool mounted on the tool holder opposite to the workpiece, a control system and a range finder fixed to the tool holder and spaced apart from the tool tip by a first distance; a workpiece is provided, the workpiece is opposite to the tool; and the distance meter is used to measure the same a second distance between the workpieces, and calculating a difference between the second distance and the first distance; the control system receives the difference signal, and controls movement of the tool holder according to the difference signal, so that the tool processes the Workpiece. Compared with the prior art, the numerical control machine can non-contactly measure the distance between the tool tip and the workpiece through a range finder, and determine the coordinate value of the tool tip relative to the workpiece, thereby avoiding the tool and the workpiece being aligned. contact. [Embodiment] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 〇 Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3' together, an embodiment of the present invention provides a numerical control machine tool 100 for processing a workpiece 30. The numerical control machine tool 1 includes a machine body 10; a tool holder 4 disposed on the machine body 1〇; a tool 2〇 mounted on the tool holder 40 opposite to the workpiece 30, the tool 2〇 There is a tip 201; a control system 80 and a range finder 6? The tool holder 4 is disposed on the machine body 10. The range finder can be mounted on the upper or lower surface of the tool holder 4〇. In the present embodiment, the range finder 6 is mounted on the upper surface 404 of the tool holder 40. The range finder 60 is spaced from the tool tip 2〇1 by a first distance b. In this embodiment, the range finder 6 is a laser range finder, 6 201014676, and its ranging accuracy is 1 to ίο micron. The control system 8 is electrically connected to the range finder 6 。 for receiving the distance signal of the range finder 60. In the embodiment, the control system 80 is an integration of the index control device and the servo system, and the displacement command is sent by the numerical control device to control the servo system to drive the tool holder 40 to move according to the feed speed and the feed direction. Referring to FIG. 2, a workpiece processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps: providing a numerical control machine tool, including a machine tool body, a tool holder disposed on the machine body, and a tool holder mounted on the tool holder a tool, a control system and a range finder opposite to the workpiece, the range finder being fixed to the tool holder and spaced apart from the tool tip by a first distance b; providing a workpiece opposite to the tool Using the range finder to measure a second distance c between the workpiece and the workpiece, and calculating a difference a between the second distance c and the first distance b; the control system receives the difference signal and according to the difference The value signal controls the tool holder to move 'to make the tool machine the workpiece. The machining method for machining a workpiece using this CNC machine will be described in detail below. First, a workpiece 30 to be processed and the CNC machine tool 1() are provided, and the workpiece 30 is opposed to the cutter 20. Prior to machining, the tool setting is performed to determine the relative position between the workpiece 30 and the tip end 201 of the tool 20. Since the first distance between the range finder 60 and the tool tip 201 is known, the distance between the workpiece and the workpiece 30 is measured by the range finder 60. Using c-b, the distance between the range finder 60 and the tip 2〇1 of the tool 2〇 can be obtained. 7 201014676 The difference a. The control system 80 receives the difference signal to obtain a coordinate value of the tool tip end 201 relative to the level of the workpiece 30 (as indicated by the arrow in the figure). The coordinate value is then input to a control program of the control system that controls the tool holder 4 to move the tool 20 to machine the workpiece 30. It can be understood that the workpiece 3 can be disposed on a support member 90, and the workpiece 30 can be moved up and down relative to the support member 9 to facilitate machining of the workpiece 30 in the vertical direction. Compared with the prior art, the numerical control machine tool 1 can non-contactly measure the distance between the tool tip 2〇1 and the workpiece 3〇 through a range finder, thereby confirming the tool tip 201 relative to the workpiece. The coordinate value of 3〇 avoids the contact between the tool 20 and the workpiece 3〇. In summary, the present invention has indeed met the requirements of the invention patent, and has filed a patent application according to law. However, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it is not possible to limit the scope of the patent application of the present invention. Equivalent modifications or variations made by those skilled in the art of the present invention in light of the spirit of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the following claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a numerically controlled machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a processing method of a numerically controlled machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 is a diagram showing the distance between the tool and the workpiece measured by the range finder in Figure 1. [Main component symbol description] 8 201014676 CNC machine tool 100 Workpiece 30 Machine body 10 Tool holder 40 Tool 20 Tool tip 201 Control system 80 Range finder 60 Upper surface 404 Branch 90
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