201014102 九、發明說明： •【發明所屬之技術領域】 • 本發明係關於一種電壓保護裝置，尤指一種馬、查 器之電壓保護裝置。 ’驅動 【先前技術】 馬達作為執行元件，是機電一體化之關鍵產。 之一’廣泛應用在各種自動化控制系統中。隨奸w 電子和電腦技術之發展，馬達之需求量與日俱=微 ©在各個國民經濟領域皆有應用。馬達需要馬θ 器來驅動其進行工作，當驅動器接收到一 2動 號，就會驅動馬達按設定之方向轉動一個固—術^ 度，並按該角度一步一步運行。馬達驅動器^ 過控制脈衝個數來控制角位移量，從而達到 — 位之目的；同時可以透過控制脈衝頻率來控 ^ 轉動之速度和加速度，從而達到調速之目^。 。為了防止過大電壓損毀馬達驅動器，需要對馬读脑知 通常是採用電壓感測器等來債測馬 運驅動盗上之電壓，惟電壓感測器價格貴。 1 【發明内容】 馨於以上内容，有必要提供—種低 電壓保護裝置。 3适驅動器 -種㈣保職置，驗對—料·驅㈣之電壓進行 馬並ΐ該馬達驅動器過電壓時對其㈣進行調整，該 ‘㈣盗包括-直流電塵源及—功率級板，該直流電壓 201014102 源透過該功率級板㈣—馬達卫作，該電縣護裝置 -開關單it、-電壓轉換單元、—控制器、—電壓侦測号 及一過壓判斷器，當該控制器輸出高電平之PWM訊號時， 導通使該電壓轉換單元將該直流電壓源之輸出 电屋轉換為一低電壓提供給該電壓偵測器，該過壓判斷器 將該電壓制貞測到之低㈣與—預設㈣進行比較， 並當該低電壓大於㈣設電壓時輸出_㈣錢給該控制201014102 IX. Description of the invention: • [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present invention relates to a voltage protection device, and more particularly to a voltage protection device for a horse and a checker. 'Driven' [Prior Art] As an actuator, the motor is a key product of mechatronics. One of them is widely used in various automation control systems. With the development of electronic and computer technology, the demand for motors is on the decline. It is used in various national economic fields. The motor needs a horse to drive it to work. When the driver receives a 2 motion, it will drive the motor to rotate a solid-axis in the set direction and run it step by step. The motor driver ^ controls the angular displacement by the number of control pulses to achieve the purpose of - bit. At the same time, the speed and acceleration of the rotation can be controlled by controlling the pulse frequency to achieve the purpose of speed regulation. . In order to prevent the excessive voltage from damaging the motor driver, it is necessary to read the horse. Usually, a voltage sensor is used to measure the voltage of the horse drive, but the voltage sensor is expensive. 1 [Summary of the Invention] In the above content, it is necessary to provide a low voltage protection device. 3 suitable drive-type (four) insurance position, check the voltage of the material-drive (four) to carry out the adjustment of the (4) when the motor driver overvoltage, the '(4) thief includes - DC dust source and - power stage board, The DC voltage 201014102 is transmitted through the power stage board (four) - motor guard, the electric county protection device - switch single it, - voltage conversion unit, - controller, - voltage detection number and an overvoltage determiner, when the control When the PWM signal of the high level is output, the voltage conversion unit converts the output of the DC voltage source into a low voltage and supplies the voltage detector to the voltage detector, and the overvoltage determiner detects the voltage The lower (four) is compared with the preset (four), and when the low voltage is greater than (four) set voltage, the output _ (four) money is given to the control
器以使該控制器控制該功率級板對該馬達驅動器之電壓進 行調整。The controller causes the controller to control the power stage board to adjust the voltage of the motor driver.
相較習知技術，該電壓保護裝置透過pWM =開關單元之導通進而控制該直流電壓源之輸出電 ^-低錢提供給該電壓偵測器，該過歷判斷器將該電塵 摘測器谓測到之低㈣與一預設電屢進行比較並當該低 :壓大於該預設時輸出一控制訊號給該控制器以使該 控制器控制該功率級板對該馬達驅動器之電壓進行調整， ST止：ί電壓知毀該馬達驅動器。該電壓保護裝置架構 間早、成本低。 【實施方式】 η請參考圖1，本發明電壓保護裳置用於對一馬達驅動 器10之電壓進行偵測，並在該馬達驅動器1G過電壓時對 其電壓進行調整，該馬達驅動 包括一直流電壓源12 ^-功率級板！4，該直流轉源12透過該功率級板14驅 馬達4〇工作。本發明㈣保護裝置之較佳實施方式包 -電壓轉換電路20及一控制電路3〇。該電壓轉換電路 201014102 20包括-開關單元22、-電壓轉換單元24及_^皮單元 • 26。該控制電路30包括一控制器32 (如微處理器）、—電 .壓偵測器34及一過壓判斷器36。 該控制器32根據該馬達40之運動狀態調整其輸出之 脈寬調變（pulse-width modulation，PWM)訊號之頻率， 並根據該PWM訊號之頻率調整對該馬達驅動器1〇之電壓 偵測之頻率，該PWM訊號控制該開關單元22導通及截 止，以此使該電壓轉換單元24在該開關單元22導通時將 該直流電壓源12之輸出電壓轉換為一低電壓v〇ut並經該 濾波單元26後輸出給該電壓偵測器34，該過壓判斷器％ 將該電壓Vout與一預設電壓進行比較，並根據比較結果輸 出一控制訊號給該控制器32以使該控制器32控制該功率 級板14對該馬達驅動器10之電壓進行調整，以防止過大 電壓損毁該馬達驅動器10。 請繼續參考圖2’該開關單元22包括一場效應電晶體 _ Q1及一電阻R1。該場效應電晶體Q1之閘極連接該控制 器32之脈衝輸出引腳p以接收該pwM訊號，其源極經該 電阻R1接地’其汲極連接該電壓轉換單元24。 該電壓轉換單元24包括一變壓器T1、一電容C1、一 電阻R2、兩二極體D1及D2。該直流電壓源12分別經該 變壓器T1之初級線圈連接該二極體D1之陽極及經該電阻 R2連接該二極體D1之陰極，該電容C1與該電阻R2並聯， 該二極體D1之陽極連接該開關單元22中該場效應電晶體 Q1之汲極，該變壓器T1之次級線圈之一端連接該二極體 201014102 D2之陰極’其另一端連接該濾波單元26，該二極體D2之 .陽極接地。在本實施方式中，該變壓器T1之初級線圈與 .次級線圈之極性相同。當該變壓器τι之初級線圈與次級 線圈之極性不同時，將該二極體D2反接即可。 s亥濾、波單元26包括一電容及兩電阻R3、R4。該 憂壓器T1之次級線圈之另一端經該電阻R3連接該電壓偵 測器34之一輸入引腳VIN，該輸入引腳VIN經該電容 連接该一極體D2之陽極，該電阻R4與該電容c2並聯。 ©在本實施方式中，該濾波單元26用於濾波，為了進一步節 省成本，可將其刪除。 使用時，該馬達驅動器1〇驅動該馬達4〇開始工作， 由於該電壓轉換單元24之輸入電壓為直流電壓，該控制器 32需輸出PWM訊號不斷切換該開關單元22之導通及截止 狀態來控制該變麼器T1工作，當該控制器32輸出之pwM 訊號為高電平訊號時，該場效應電晶體Qi導通，該變壓 參器T1將該直流電麗源12之輸出電壓變壓為低電壓V幅 並經濾波後提供給該電壓偵測器34,該過壓判斷器36將 該電壓債測器34债測到之低電壓v〇ut與一預設電壓進行 比較，若該低電壓VGut大於該預設電壓則輸出—控制訊號 給该控制器32以使該控制器32控制該功率級㈣在該馬 達驅動器1〇上之電壓過高時對該馬達驅動器⑺之電壓進 行調整，以防止過大電壓損毁該馬達驅動器1〇。例如，當 該馬達40停止運動時，該馬達驅動器1〇上之電壓將變大， 此時該控制器32根據此時該馬達4〇之運動狀態輸出一高 201014102 頻率之PWM訊號以透過該開關單元22及該電壓轉換單元 • 24提高對該馬達驅動g 1〇之電壓偵測之頻帛，以使該功 .率極板14快速祕該馬達_器1()上過大之電壓降低， 從而達到保護馬達驅動器1〇之目的。 該電壓保護裝置透過該控制器32輸出之PWM訊號控 制該場效應電晶體Q1之導通及截止，進而當該場效應電 晶體Q1導通時控制該直流電壓源12之輸出電壓轉換為一 低電壓提供給該電壓偵測器34,該過壓判斷器36將 “電壓谓測器34偵測到之低電壓⑽與一預設電壓進行 比較，若該低電麗V〇ut大於該預設電壓則輸出一控制訊號 給該控制器32以使該控制器32控制該功率級板叫 達驅動器1G上之電壓過高時對該馬達驅動器1〇之電壓進 行調整，以防止過大電壓指敏每_ $、去 護裝置架構簡單'成=馬達咖1〇。該錢保 综上所述，本發明符合發明專利要件’Compared with the prior art, the voltage protection device provides the voltage detector through the conduction of the pWM=switch unit to control the output voltage of the DC voltage source, and the calendar judger uses the power dust detector The measured low (4) is compared with a preset power and when the voltage is lower than the preset, a control signal is output to the controller to enable the controller to control the voltage of the motor driver to the voltage of the motor driver. Adjust, ST stops: ί voltage knows to destroy the motor drive. The voltage protection device architecture is early and low cost. [Embodiment] η Referring to FIG. 1, the voltage protection device of the present invention is used for detecting the voltage of a motor driver 10, and adjusting the voltage of the motor driver 1G when the voltage is over-voltage, the motor drive includes a continuous current. Voltage source 12 ^ - power stage board! 4. The DC power source 12 is driven by the power stage board 14 to drive the motor 4 . A preferred embodiment of the protection device of the present invention (4) includes a voltage conversion circuit 20 and a control circuit 3A. The voltage conversion circuit 201014102 20 includes a -switch unit 22, a voltage conversion unit 24, and a smear unit. The control circuit 30 includes a controller 32 (e.g., a microprocessor), an electrical voltage detector 34, and an overvoltage determiner 36. The controller 32 adjusts the frequency of the pulse-width modulation (PWM) signal of the output according to the motion state of the motor 40, and adjusts the voltage detection of the motor driver 1 according to the frequency of the PWM signal. The PWM signal controls the switching unit 22 to be turned on and off, so that the voltage converting unit 24 converts the output voltage of the DC voltage source 12 into a low voltage v〇ut and is filtered by the switching unit 22 when the switching unit 22 is turned on. The unit 26 is output to the voltage detector 34, and the overvoltage determiner % compares the voltage Vout with a preset voltage, and outputs a control signal to the controller 32 according to the comparison result to enable the controller 32 to control. The power stage board 14 adjusts the voltage of the motor driver 10 to prevent excessive voltage from damaging the motor driver 10. Referring to Figure 2', the switching unit 22 includes a field effect transistor _ Q1 and a resistor R1. The gate of the field effect transistor Q1 is coupled to the pulse output pin p of the controller 32 to receive the pwM signal, the source of which is coupled to ground via the resistor R1, the drain of which is coupled to the voltage conversion unit 24. The voltage conversion unit 24 includes a transformer T1, a capacitor C1, a resistor R2, and two diodes D1 and D2. The DC voltage source 12 is connected to the anode of the diode D1 via the primary coil of the transformer T1 and to the cathode of the diode D1 via the resistor R2. The capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the resistor R2, and the diode D1 is An anode is connected to the drain of the field effect transistor Q1 in the switching unit 22, and one end of the secondary winding of the transformer T1 is connected to the cathode of the diode 201014102 D2, and the other end thereof is connected to the filtering unit 26, the diode D2 The anode is grounded. In the present embodiment, the primary coil of the transformer T1 has the same polarity as the secondary coil. When the polarity of the primary coil and the secondary coil of the transformer τι is different, the diode D2 may be reversely connected. The s-wave filter unit 26 includes a capacitor and two resistors R3 and R4. The other end of the secondary coil of the voltage regulator T1 is connected to an input pin VIN of the voltage detector 34 via the resistor R3. The input pin VIN is connected to the anode of the polar body D2 via the capacitor. The resistor R4 Parallel to the capacitor c2. © In the present embodiment, the filtering unit 26 is used for filtering, and it can be deleted for further cost saving. In use, the motor driver 1〇 drives the motor 4〇 to start working. Since the input voltage of the voltage conversion unit 24 is a DC voltage, the controller 32 needs to output a PWM signal to continuously switch the on and off states of the switch unit 22 to control. The converter T1 operates. When the pwM signal outputted by the controller 32 is a high level signal, the field effect transistor Qi is turned on, and the transformer unit T1 converts the output voltage of the DC source 12 into a low voltage. The voltage V amplitude is filtered and supplied to the voltage detector 34, and the overvoltage determiner 36 compares the low voltage v〇ut measured by the voltage debt detector 34 with a predetermined voltage, if the low voltage The VGut is greater than the preset voltage, and the control signal is output to the controller 32 to enable the controller 32 to control the power stage (4) to adjust the voltage of the motor driver (7) when the voltage on the motor driver 1 is too high, so as to Prevent excessive voltage damage to the motor driver 1〇. For example, when the motor 40 stops moving, the voltage on the motor driver 1 will become larger. At this time, the controller 32 outputs a PWM signal with a high frequency of 201014102 according to the motion state of the motor 4 at this time to transmit the switch. The unit 22 and the voltage conversion unit 24 increase the frequency of the voltage detection of the motor drive g 1〇, so that the power plate 14 is fast and the voltage on the motor 1 () is excessively reduced. The purpose of protecting the motor driver is achieved. The voltage protection device controls the on and off of the field effect transistor Q1 through the PWM signal outputted by the controller 32, and then controls the output voltage of the DC voltage source 12 to be converted to a low voltage when the field effect transistor Q1 is turned on. For the voltage detector 34, the overvoltage determiner 36 compares the low voltage (10) detected by the voltage detector 34 with a predetermined voltage, if the low voltage V〇ut is greater than the preset voltage. Outputting a control signal to the controller 32 to cause the controller 32 to control the power level board to adjust the voltage of the motor driver 1 when the voltage on the driver 1G is too high, so as to prevent excessive voltage sensitivity per _ $ The structure of the de-protection device is simple 'cheng=motor coffee 1〇. The money is comprehensively described, the invention complies with the invention patent requirement'
。m所述者僅為本發明之較佳實施方式，舉 ^…本案技藝之人士，在纽本發明精神所作之等效体 飾或變化，皆應涵蓋於以下之中請專利範圍内。 夕 【圖式簡單說明】 圖u本發明電壓保钱置之較佳實施方式之框圖。 圖2為圖1中電壓轉換電路之電路圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 馬達驅動器 10 直流電壓源12 功率級板 14 馬達 μ 201014102 電壓轉換電路 20 電壓轉換單元 24 過壓判斷器 36 電壓偵測器 34 場效應電晶體 Q1 變壓器 T1 二極體 Dl、D2 控制電路 30 開關單元 22 控制器 32 濾波單元 26 電阻 Rl、R2、R3、R4 電容 Cl、C2 參. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art, which are equivalent to the spirit and spirit of the invention, should be included in the following patents.夕 [Simplified illustration of the drawings] Fig. u is a block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the voltage saving arrangement of the present invention. 2 is a circuit diagram of the voltage conversion circuit of FIG. 1. [Main component symbol description] Motor driver 10 DC voltage source 12 Power stage board 14 Motor μ 201014102 Voltage conversion circuit 20 Voltage conversion unit 24 Overvoltage determiner 36 Voltage detector 34 Field effect transistor Q1 Transformer T1 diode Dl, D2 control circuit 30 switching unit 22 controller 32 filtering unit 26 resistance Rl, R2, R3, R4 capacitance Cl, C2
1111