201011160 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係提供一種往復式内燃機引擎，尤指一種適用 於車輛（如機車、汽車、貨車）及船舶之單缸或多缸引擎。 【先前技術】 按，一般内燃機引擎係藉由活塞在汽缸内往復運動， 再經由連桿帶動曲柄軸將動力輸出。傳統的内燃機引擎係 ® 使用一支曲柄軸，其造成活塞在運動時會因曲柄角度而產 生不平衡的侧向力，進而使得活塞在燃燒室活動時會與汽 • 缸產生摩擦，以致減低效率，此外，傳統的引擎通常要經 ' 過一段磨合時間，否則，汽缸在引擎極高速運動之下極易 損壞，再者，經過磨合後的引擎依然存在有側向力，效率 仍然會減低，且汽缸壽命也會減短。 為改善側向力對引擎活塞的負面影響，在習用技術上 已有對稱雙曲柄的設計。參閱第一圖及第二圖，顯示一習 ® 用單缸引擎1，其包含一汽缸11、可在該汽缸11内做往 復運動之活塞12、二曲柄輪13及二連桿14，各連桿14 的第一端141係連接在該活塞12上，且第二端142係連 接在一對應的曲柄輪13上，而各曲柄輪13係一正齒輪， 該二曲柄輪13之間以齒相嚅合而做反向旋轉，藉以傳輸 扭力。 再參閱第三及第四圖，顯示一習用多缸引擎2,其包 含複數汽缸21、可在各汽缸21内做往復運動之活塞22 201011160 及可做反向旋轉之二平行曲柄軸23，在各活塞22與該二 曲柄軸23之間藉由二連桿24連接，又該二曲柄轴23在 前、後端之間藉由一對齒輪251、252嚅合連接以傳輸扭 力。 習用引擎的對稱雙曲柄軸結構雖可改善單曲柄之側 向力問題，然而價格昂貴，尤其，習用引擎之雙曲柄輪均 為偏心（eccentric)，其旋轉角度和活塞的直線運動不再是 正弦波的關係，上死點（top dead center，TDC)和下死點 ❹ （bottom dead center，BDC)的關係相對較為複雜，不易控制 其點火與進、排氣閥的開閉，造成要應用在多缸引擎上有 其困難。 【發明内容】 本發明人有鑑於此，乃悉心從事設計，於今有本發明 =。緣此，本發明之主要目的在提供-錄復式内燃機 ❹引擎’該引擎無習用引擎單曲柄之侧向力問題，而且其雙 =輪之旋轉角度和活塞的直線運動的上、下死點關係為 =因：能簡易地控制其點火與進、排氣間的開閉，進 而能應用在使用多缸引擎之車輛或船舶上。 人可Γ虞一實施例構成的往復式内燃機引擎，係包 二及=動的一活塞、-對分隔開的曲柄 的斜錐邊緣，m ^ ，各曲柄輪具有一形成複數斜齒 間，而讀動2係連接在該活塞與—對應的曲柄輪之 而該義軸係延伸穿過該對曲域之間，且該傳動轴 201011160 上具有一斜齒輪，該斜齒輪與該各曲柄輪邊緣的斜齒相嚙 合，而能將該對曲柄輪的扭力傳遞至該傳動軸者。 在一實施例中，各曲柄輪係一斜齒輪且裝設在一軸桿 上，最好，該對曲柄輪的軸桿位在同一轴線上，而該傳動 軸係一圓柱傳動轴且與該對曲柄輪的轴線形成垂直。 在一多缸引擎的實施例中，該引擎進一步包含可在一201011160 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention provides a reciprocating internal combustion engine, and more particularly to a single or multi-cylinder engine suitable for vehicles such as locomotives, automobiles, trucks, and ships. [Prior Art] According to the general engine engine, the piston reciprocates in the cylinder, and the crankshaft drives the crankshaft to output power. The traditional internal combustion engine system® uses a crankshaft that causes the piston to move unbalanced lateral forces due to the crank angle, which causes the piston to collide with the cylinder during combustion chamber movement, resulting in reduced efficiency. In addition, the traditional engine usually has to undergo a period of running-in time. Otherwise, the cylinder is easily damaged under the extremely high speed of the engine. In addition, the engine after the running-in still has lateral force, and the efficiency is still reduced. Cylinder life will also be reduced. In order to improve the negative impact of lateral forces on the engine piston, there is a symmetrical double crank design in the conventional technology. Referring to the first and second figures, a single-cylinder engine 1 is shown, which includes a cylinder 11, a piston 12, a second crank wheel 13 and a two-link 14 that can reciprocate within the cylinder 11, each of which The first end 141 of the rod 14 is coupled to the piston 12, and the second end 142 is coupled to a corresponding crank wheel 13, and each of the crank wheels 13 is a spur gear with teeth between the two crank wheels 13. Reverse rotation for the purpose of transmitting torque. Referring again to the third and fourth figures, there is shown a conventional multi-cylinder engine 2 comprising a plurality of cylinders 21, pistons 22 201011160 which are reciprocable within each cylinder 21, and two parallel crankshafts 23 which are capable of counter-rotating, The pistons 22 and the two crankshafts 23 are connected by two links 24, and the two crankshafts 23 are coupled by a pair of gears 251, 252 between the front and rear ends to transmit torque. The symmetrical double crank shaft structure of the conventional engine can improve the lateral force problem of the single crank, but it is expensive. In particular, the double crank wheel of the conventional engine is eccentric, and the rotation angle and the linear motion of the piston are no longer The relationship between sinusoidal waves, top dead center (TDC) and bottom dead center (BDC) is relatively complicated, and it is difficult to control the ignition and opening and closing of the intake and exhaust valves, resulting in application in There are difficulties on multi-cylinder engines. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present inventors have in view of this, and are engaged in design, and have the present invention. Accordingly, the main object of the present invention is to provide a problem of the lateral force of a single crank of a conventional engine without a conventional engine, and the double rotation angle of the wheel and the upper and lower dead points of the linear motion of the piston. The relationship is = because it can easily control the ignition and opening and closing between the intake and exhaust, and can be applied to a vehicle or a ship using a multi-cylinder engine. One embodiment may be a reciprocating internal combustion engine, which is a piston and a piston, a beveled edge of a separate crank, m ^ , and each of the crank wheels has a plurality of helical teeth. The reading 2 is connected to the piston and the corresponding crank wheel, and the shaft extends between the pair of curved fields, and the transmission shaft 201011160 has a helical gear, the helical gear and the crank wheel The helical teeth of the edge are engaged, and the torque of the pair of crank wheels can be transmitted to the drive shaft. In one embodiment, each of the crank gears is a helical gear and is mounted on a shaft. Preferably, the shafts of the pair of crank wheels are on the same axis, and the drive shaft is a cylindrical drive shaft and the pair The axis of the crank wheel forms a vertical. In an embodiment of a multi-cylinder engine, the engine further includes
第二汽缸内作往復運動的一第二活塞、一第二對曲柄輪、 一第二對連桿及一第二斜齒輪，該第二對曲柄輪係位在該 傳動軸的兩側，各曲柄輪具有一形成複數斜齒的斜錐邊 緣，該第二對連桿之各連桿係連接在該第二活塞與該第二 對曲柄輪之一對應的曲柄輪之間，而第二斜齒輪係裝設在 該傳動轴上且與該第二對曲柄輪之各曲柄輪邊緣的斜 相嘴合’能將該第二對曲柄輪的扭力傳遞至該傳動袖。 Ο 在另-多缸引擎的實施例中，該引擎進一步包含可 =地在複數汽缸㈣錢運動的複數活塞、複數對曲 t複數對連桿及複數斜#輪，該複數對曲柄輪之各對 在:傳動軸的兩侧，且各曲柄輪具有一形成複 數活㈣各料㈣連接在該 一對曲柄輪之間，該複數斜H魏對曲柄輪中之對應 钭齒輪係與該複數對曲柄輪中輪傳動軸上且 曲柄輪邊緣的斜齒相嚙合， ' 對曲柄輪之 傳遞至該傳動轴。 I將該複數對曲柄輪的扭 關於本發明之其他目的 優點及特徵，將可由以下較 201011160 佳實施例的詳細說明並參照所附圖式來了解。 【實施方式】a second piston reciprocating in the second cylinder, a second pair of crank wheels, a second pair of links and a second helical gear, the second pair of crank wheels are respectively located on both sides of the transmission shaft, each The crank wheel has a tapered cone edge forming a plurality of helical teeth, and each of the second pair of links is connected between the second piston and a crank wheel corresponding to one of the second pair of crank wheels, and the second oblique The gear train is mounted on the drive shaft and engages with the oblique mouth of each crank wheel edge of the second pair of crank wheels to transmit the torque of the second pair of crank wheels to the transmission sleeve. Ο In another embodiment of the multi-cylinder engine, the engine further includes a plurality of pistons that can move in a plurality of cylinders (four), a plurality of pairs of t-complex pairs of links, and a plurality of diagonals, the plurality of pairs of crank wheels Paired on: both sides of the transmission shaft, and each of the crank wheels has a plurality of composites (four) materials (four) connected between the pair of crank wheels, the plurality of crankshafts of the plurality of crankshafts and the complex pair of crankshafts and the complex pair The crank wheel is on the middle drive shaft and the helical teeth at the edge of the crank wheel are engaged, and the crankshaft is transmitted to the drive shaft. I. Twisting the plural to the crank wheel. Other advantages and features of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment of the invention. [Embodiment]
請參閱第五及第六圖，顯示依據本發明一較佳實施例 構成的往復式内燃機引擎3應用在一多缸引擎的主體結 構，該引擎3包含複數汽缸31、可在汽缸31内作往復運 動之複數活塞32、複數對曲柄輪33、複數對連桿34及一 動力傳動轴35，各活塞32係可在一對應的汽缸31内作 往復運動，各對曲柄輪33包含分隔開的一第一曲柄輪331 及一第二曲柄輪332，各曲柄輪331、332具有一斜錐邊 緣333，各斜錐邊緣333上形成有複數斜齒335，使得各 曲柄輪大體上為一斜齒輪型態，又各曲柄輪係裝設在一軸 桿334上’各轴桿334係可樞轉地裝設在該引擎缸壁上（未 圖示），使得各曲柄輪可在該引擎内轉動，又該第一曲柄 輪331與第二曲柄輪332的軸桿係位在同一軸線上，使得 該對曲柄輪33形成同心轉動。 各對連柃34包含分隔開的一第一連桿341及一第二 連桿342，各第-連桿341連接在一對應活塞32與一對 應的第-曲柄輪33i之間’而各第二連桿342連接在 應^塞32與-對應的第二曲柄輪332之間，使得各 32在汽缸31_往復運動可經由 對曲柄輪33的轉動。 忏锝換為各 8 201011160 垂直，又該傳動軸35上具有複數斜齒輪36，各斜齒輪36 係與一對曲柄輪33之邊緣的齒335相嚙合，使得各對曲 柄輪33做反向轉動且該複數對曲柄輪33的扭力可經由該 複數斜齒輪36傳遞至該傳動軸35。 依據本發明構成之往復式内燃機引擎3,其各汽缸31 係使用同心且作反向旋轉的雙曲柄輪33來傳遞扭力，所 以，活塞32運動過程中無侧向力的問題，又各汽缸31的 雙曲柄輪33係以斜齒335與位在中心圓柱傳動轴35上的 ® 斜齒輪36嚅合，可以有效傳輸扭力，此外，本發明以強 韌便宜之圓柱傳動軸35取代傳統多缸引擎使用之昂貴曲 柄軸，能簡化結構並大幅降低成本，且可適當使用轴承來 避免側向的撓性振動。 再者，依據本發明構成之往復式内燃機引擎3，其各 對雙曲柄輪33均為同心（concentric)，旋轉角度與活塞32 的直線運動的上、下死點的關係為固定，所以可沿用傳統 點火與進、排氣閥開閉的控制，而無習用雙曲柄軸的缺 〇 點，進而使得本發明可適用於車輛、船舶等所使用之單 缸、多缸引擎上，在車輛、船舶等使用多缸引擎的市場將 具備強大之競爭力。 201011160 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖：係一習用單缸引擎結構的立體示意圖。 第二圖：係第一圖之平面圖。 第三圖：係一習用多缸引擎結構的立體示意圖。 第四圖：係第三圖之平面圖，其中汽缸被移除。 第五圖：係依據本發明一實施例構成之引擎的立體示 意圖。 第六圖：係第五圖之平面圖，其中汽缸被移除。 【主要元件符號說明】 (1)(2)引擎 (11)(21)汽缸 (12)(22)活塞 (13)曲柄輪 (14)(24)連桿 (141)第一端 (142)第二端 (23)曲柄軸 (251)(252)齒輪 (3)引擎 (31)汽缸 (32)活塞 (33)曲柄輪 (331)(332)曲柄輪 (333)邊緣 (334)轴桿 (335)斜齒 (34)連桿 (341)(342)連桿 (35)傳動轴 (36)斜齒輪Referring to the fifth and sixth figures, a reciprocating internal combustion engine 3 constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention is applied to a main structure of a multi-cylinder engine. The engine 3 includes a plurality of cylinders 31 that are reciprocable within the cylinder 31. The plurality of moving pistons 32, the plurality of pairs of crank wheels 33, the plurality of pairs of links 34 and a power transmission shaft 35, each piston 32 is reciprocable in a corresponding cylinder 31, and each pair of crank wheels 33 is separated a first crank wheel 331 and a second crank wheel 332, each of the crank wheels 331, 332 has a beveled edge 333, and each of the beveled edges 333 is formed with a plurality of helical teeth 335, so that each of the crank wheels is substantially a helical gear And the crankshafts are mounted on a shaft 334. The shafts 334 are pivotally mounted on the engine cylinder wall (not shown) so that the crank wheels can rotate within the engine. Further, the first crank wheel 331 and the shaft of the second crank wheel 332 are tied on the same axis such that the pair of crank wheels 33 form a concentric rotation. Each pair of flails 34 includes a first link 341 and a second link 342 which are separated, and each of the first links 341 is connected between a corresponding piston 32 and a corresponding first-crank wheel 33i. The second link 342 is coupled between the corresponding 32 and the corresponding second crank wheel 332 such that reciprocation of each 32 in the cylinder 31_ can be via rotation of the crank wheel 33. The 忏锝 is changed to each of the 8 201011160 verticals, and the transmission shaft 35 has a plurality of helical gears 36. The helical gears 36 are engaged with the teeth 335 of the edges of the pair of crank wheels 33, so that the pairs of crank wheels 33 are reversely rotated. And the torque of the plurality of crank wheels 33 can be transmitted to the transmission shaft 35 via the plurality of helical gears 36. According to the reciprocating internal combustion engine 3 constructed in accordance with the present invention, each cylinder 31 uses a concentric and counter-rotating double crank wheel 33 to transmit torque, so that there is no lateral force during the movement of the piston 32, and each cylinder 31 The double crank wheel 33 is coupled with the bevel gear 36 located on the central cylindrical drive shaft 35 to transmit torque effectively. In addition, the present invention replaces the conventional multi-cylinder engine with a tough and inexpensive cylindrical drive shaft 35. The use of an expensive crankshaft simplifies the structure and greatly reduces the cost, and the bearings can be suitably used to avoid lateral flexible vibration. Further, in the reciprocating internal combustion engine 3 constructed in accordance with the present invention, each pair of the double crank wheels 33 is concentric, and the relationship between the rotation angle and the upper and lower dead points of the linear motion of the piston 32 is fixed, so that it can be used The traditional ignition and the control of the opening and closing of the intake and exhaust valves without the defect of the conventional double crank shaft, so that the present invention can be applied to single-cylinder and multi-cylinder engines used in vehicles, ships, etc., in vehicles and ships. Markets that use multi-cylinder engines will have strong competitiveness. 201011160 [Simple description of the diagram] The first picture: is a three-dimensional diagram of a conventional single-cylinder engine structure. Second picture: is the plan view of the first picture. The third figure is a three-dimensional diagram of a conventional multi-cylinder engine structure. Figure 4: A plan view of the third diagram in which the cylinders are removed. Figure 5 is a perspective view of an engine constructed in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 is a plan view of the fifth diagram in which the cylinders are removed. [Description of main component symbols] (1) (2) Engine (11) (21) Cylinder (12) (22) Piston (13) Crank wheel (14) (24) Connecting rod (141) First end (142) Two end (23) crank shaft (251) (252) gear (3) engine (31) cylinder (32) piston (33) crank wheel (331) (332) crank wheel (333) edge (334) shaft (335) Helical gear (34) connecting rod (341) (342) connecting rod (35) transmission shaft (36) helical gear