201010247 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種不斷電系統，尤指一種運用氫燃料 電池且具高效率管理機制的不斷電系統。 【先前技術】 按不斷電系統（UPS)是許多機房不可或缺的緊急供電 設備，當市電無預警的中斷，不斷電系統可以供應備用電 _力，使負載得以正常地完成關機動作，或依賴不斷電系Z 的II持續琿I;皇_-丕—复1兔^差査模組 、充放電設備與複數的蓄電池組，當市電正常供應時，不 斷電系統處於待機狀態，並同時利用充放電設備對蓄電池 組進行充電；當發生市電突然中斷時，即在電源控制模組 切換下，由充放電設備利用蓄電池組釋出的電力對負載進 行供電。由於係以蓄電池組作為電力來源，而蓄電池組儲 備的電力有限’因此不斷電系統通常只作一短暫時間的供 ❹電，使機房在電力持續供應的狀態下，正常地完成關❹ 驟，以避免機房設備因停電造成資料遺失或設備損壞。但 刖述不斷電系統顯然不能滿足持續供電的需求，若欲提供 持續性供電，則必須配合發電機的使用，但發電機的使用 勢必衍生嗓音、空氣污染等問題，相對降低其可行性。 而「燃料電池」（Fuel Cell)的問世’似可為前述問題 找到一個理想的解決方案。所謂的燃料電池實際上為一個 發電設備，只要燃料不間斷的補充，更重要的是氫燃料電 201010247 池的工作原理是將化學能轉換為電能，其轉換過程中所產 生的副產品為潔淨的水，換言之，氫燃料電池為一盔污染 的綠色環保發電機，故目前被視為21 “ 設備之一。 世、，己取重要的能源 儘管氫燃料電池只須不間斷的供應燃料（氫），即可 續發電，但與一般電池不同，氫燃料電池可以發電，呷不 儲存電力，故就工作方式而言較接近發電機，當把_料 電池運用在不斷電系統時’如何能即時滿足負載的用電， 則須更周延的系統設計’始能符合實際需要。 【發明内容】 因此，本發明主要目的在提供—種運用氯燃料電池的 不斷電系統’其採用特殊的系統架構，可在市電中斷時即 時反應，並持續進行供電，以充分運用氫燃料電池之特性 ，提供理想的緊急供電機制。 ’ $ 鲁 料成前述目的採取的主要技術手段係令前述不 系統包括有： ％ -交流電源輸入埠’用以連接並輸入交流電源； 一市電模組，主要由一笛一絲认ρβ _ 第轉換單元及一第二轉換單 元組成’該第-及第二轉換單元分別與前述交流電源輸入 蟑連接，其中，第—轉換單元❹Μ交流 交流工作電源，第二鳇鉍错_ 、巧 直流工作電源·， 早疋係用以將交流電源轉換為- 乂-工作電源輪出埠，係與前述第一轉換單元 201010247 出端連接； 一直流工作電源輸出槔，係盘箭 山平你興剛迷弟二轉換單元的輸 出端連接； 一充放電模組’主要係由一右φ n 4 、 文诉田充電态及—蓄電池組所組 成’該充電器輸入端係與前述夺.户雷通认 叫逆父机電源輸入埠連接，其輸 出端則與蓄電池組連接，該萱雷咏έ 3畜電池組又與市電模組中的第 一轉換單元及直流工作電源輸出埠連接； Ο 一燃料電池模組，由至少一急撇把秘〜 風燃枓槽與一燃料電池組 ’ S亥燃料電池組輸出端透過一切拖問關也# & 切換開關與蓄電池組的輸出 端專接--;_______________________————— -控制模組，係、分別連接前述燃料電池模組及交流電 源輸入蟑，並連接且控制前述切換開關的切換動作. 利用前述不斷電系統架構在市電正常供應的狀況下， =市電Μ組進行交流對交流及交流對直流轉換，以分別供 應交流及直流形式的工作電 ” —+ , 下¥ /原予負載，又充放電模組中的 •:電池組亦透過充電器同時由交流市電進行充電，·在此狀 L下，燃料電池模組係處於待機狀態，· 當控制模組偵知交流市 對傷恭徂* ▲ 中斷時’將先由充放電模組 始運轉，並在運轉一段時⑴Π亦啟動燃料電池模組開 切換，改由燃料電池模組 換開關 雷ψ冑拉g ^ A ^仏電，利用刖述設計可在市 ^中斷時，即時地對負載進行緊急供電，且隨後 -反應快速 '可:= 負载進行持續性供電，藉此提供 持續性供電且環保無污染的不斷電系統。 6 .201010247 【實施方式】 關於本發明之系統架構，請參閱第一圖所示，其包括 有一市電模組⑽、-充放電模組（20)、_燃料電池模組 (30)、一控制模組（40)及一交流電源輸入痒（1〇1)、一交流 工作電源輸出埠（102)、—直流工作電源輪出谭（1〇3);其 中： /、 〇 一該=電模組（10)主要係由一第一轉換單元（11)及一第 -轉換單7〇(12)組成，該第—及第二轉換單元⑴）(12)分別 與前述交流電源輸入璋（101)連接，以引進交流市電，其二 者的輸出端分別與交流工作電源輸出埠（1〇2)、直流工作電 源輸出埠（103广又第一轉換單元（11)主要係由一交流直流 轉換器（111)及一直流交流轉換器（112)組成，以便將輸入 交流電源轉換為一交流工作電源，於本實施鉤中，該第一 轉換單元（11)係先由交流直流轉換器（111)將22〇v的交流 藝市電轉換為38〇v的直流電源，再由直流交流轉換器（1彳2) 將380V的直流電源轉換為220V的交流工作電源，經交 流工作電源輸出埠（102)送出。再者，第二轉換單元（12)主 要係由一交流直流轉換器（120)所構成，其可將22〇v的交 流市電轉換為48V的直流工作電源，經由直流工作電源輸 出埠（103)送出。 該充放電模組（20)至少包括一充電器（21)及一蓄電池 組（22) ’該充電器（21)的輸入端係與前述交流電源輸入埠 (101)連接，其輸出端則與蓄電池組（22)連接，當市電源正 7 201010247 常供應時，可透過充電器（21)對蓄電池組（22)進行充電； 又蓄電池組（22)的輸出端（放電迴路）分別透過兩直流對直 流轉換器（23)(24)與市電模組（10)及直流工作電源輸出埠 (103)連接，其中一直流對直流轉換器（23)的輸出端係連接 至第一轉換單元（11)的直流交流轉換器（112)之輸入端，以 透過該直流交流轉換器（1 12)將蓄電池組（22)送出的直流電 源轉換為交流工作電源，而經交流工作電源輸出埠（1 〇2)送 出’另一直流對直流轉換器（24)的輸出端則與直流工作電 源輸出埠（1 03)連接，而將蓄電池組（22)送出的直流電源轉 換為特定電壓（例如48V)的直流工作電源，而經直流工作 電源輸出埠（103)送出。 該燃料電池模組（3〇)包括至少一氫燃料槽（3彳）與一廢 料電池組（32)，其中，氫燃料槽（31)係用以儲存並供應f 燃料，该燃料電池組（32)係由複數燃料電池串接而成，主 由氫使：料槽（31)供應氫燃料以轉換產生電力，又燃料電油 ❿組（32)的輸出端係透過一切換開關（5〇)與蓄電池組(22)的輪 出端' H對直流轉換器（23)的輸人端連接丨常態下，該 切換開關（50)係、呈開路狀’意即燃料電池模組（3⑴在市電 供應正常的狀況下係與供電迴路隔離，而處於待機狀態。 S亥控制模組（40)传—；重笞_ ’、運^控制核心’其透過一檢測器 (41)=交流電源輸入埠（⑼）連接，以判斷交流電源是否供 =遠接該控制Γ組(40)又與燃料電池模組(3〇)及切㈣ 以刀別控制燃料電池模組（30)之運轉盥否及 切換開關（5〇)的切換動作。在前述控制模組_控制下， .201010247 並於各種模式之間切 不斷電系統將工作於以下三種模式 換： x 市電換式.當市電供應正 此一市雪M + nr i 時不斷電系統係工作在 轉換為交流及直流形式的工作電源 )：：=的父流電源分別 棋式：，控組(40)將即時且持續監控市電 中繼模式：一旦市雷中 斷’將為控制模組（40)所偵知 ❹組(40)隨即啟動燃料電池模組_開峨 模組㈣中的蓄電池組（22)釋出儲存電力，經由直流對】 :轉換器_4)及直流交流轉換器⑴2)的轉換以維持直 肌工作電源輸出蟑（1G3)及交流m輸料（1〇2)的正 常供電。至於中繼模式的運作時間則由控制模組（4〇)決定 ’依氫燃料電池的卫作特性，該中繼模式運作時間不長於 1分鐘。 燃料電池供電模式：當控制模組（4〇)預定的中繼模式 結束，隨即令切換開關（50)呈導通狀態，至此，燃料電池 組（32)產生的直流電源即透過切換開關（5〇)送上供電迴路 ，而此時的供電迴路上，充放電模組（2〇)的蓄電池組（22) 亦在放電，但因燃料電池組（32)輸出電壓高於蓄電池組 (22)，當燃料電池組（32)開始供電，充放電模組（2〇)即自動 停止供電，隨後即由燃料電池組（32)進行持續性供電。 又當市電恢復供電’其訊息仍將為控制模組（4〇)檢知 ’控制模組（40)遂使切換開關（50)恢復開路，並令燃料電 201010247 池模組（30)停止運轉，而恢復以市電模式供電。 根據以上所述，三種工作模式之間的關係如第二圖所 不：當系統開始運作後，即進入前述市電模式（2〇1 )，並接 著判斷市電供應是否正常（202)?若市電供應正常，即持續 市電模式（201)’若市電中斷，隨即啟動燃料電池模組 (203)，並進入中繼模式（2〇4)，由充放電模組執行中繼供 電，在此同時，控制模組亦在判斷預設的中繼模式時間是 否結東（205) ’當中繼供電時間結束，即進入燃料電池供電 模式（206) ’由控制模組將燃料電池組切入供電迴路中，執 行燃料電池供電，另即時判斷市電是.否恢復供應（2〇7)，若 持續中斷，即維持由燃料電池組供電，若經檢知市電恢復 供應，即回到市電模式，並將燃料電池模組切離供電迴路 【圖式簡單說明】201010247 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to an uninterruptible power system, and more particularly to an uninterruptible power system using a hydrogen fuel cell and having a high efficiency management mechanism. [Prior Art] According to the uninterruptible power system (UPS), it is an indispensable emergency power supply equipment in many computer rooms. When the mains supply is not interrupted by an early warning, the uninterruptible power system can supply the backup electric power to enable the load to complete the shutdown action normally. Or rely on the continuous power system Z's II continuous 珲I; _ _ 丕 复 复 1 rabbit ^ difference check module, charge and discharge equipment and a plurality of battery packs, when the mains supply is normal, the uninterruptible power system is in standby state, At the same time, the battery pack is charged by the charging and discharging device; when the mains power is suddenly interrupted, that is, under the switching of the power control module, the charging and discharging device uses the power released by the battery pack to supply power to the load. Because the battery pack is used as the power source, and the battery pack reserves the limited power, the uninterruptible power system usually only supplies power for a short period of time, so that the equipment room can normally complete the shutdown under the condition that the power supply is continuously supplied. To avoid data loss or equipment damage caused by power failure in the equipment room. However, it is obvious that the UPS system cannot meet the demand for continuous power supply. If continuous power supply is to be provided, it must be matched with the use of the generator. However, the use of the generator is bound to generate problems such as noise and air pollution, which reduces the feasibility. The advent of "Fuel Cell" seems to find an ideal solution to the aforementioned problems. The so-called fuel cell is actually a power generation device, as long as the fuel is continuously supplemented, more importantly, the hydrogen fuel electricity 201010247 pool works by converting chemical energy into electrical energy, and the by-product produced during the conversion process is clean water. In other words, the hydrogen fuel cell is a green generator with a helmet pollution, so it is currently regarded as one of the 21 “equipment. The world has taken important energy. Although the hydrogen fuel cell only needs uninterrupted supply of fuel (hydrogen), It can continue to generate electricity, but unlike ordinary batteries, hydrogen fuel cells can generate electricity and do not store electricity. Therefore, it is closer to the generator in terms of working mode. When using the battery in the uninterruptible power system, how can it be satisfied immediately? The power consumption of the load requires a more systematic system design to meet the actual needs. [Invention] Therefore, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide an uninterruptible power system using a chlorine fuel cell, which adopts a special system architecture. It can react immediately when the mains is interrupted, and continue to supply power to fully utilize the characteristics of the hydrogen fuel cell to provide an ideal emergency supply. Mechanism. The main technical means adopted by the above-mentioned purpose are: % - AC power input 埠 ' used to connect and input AC power; A mains module, mainly by a flute, ρβ _ The first conversion unit and the second conversion unit comprise 'the first and second conversion units respectively connected to the alternating current power input port, wherein the first conversion unit is an alternating current working power supply, and the second error is _, and the DC operation is performed. Power supply, early 疋 is used to convert AC power to - 乂 - working power supply wheel 埠, is connected with the first conversion unit 201010247 outlet; a DC working power output 槔, 盘箭山平你兴刚弟弟The output end of the two conversion unit is connected; a charge and discharge module 'mainly consists of a right φ n 4 , a textual charge state and a battery pack'. The charger input terminal system and the aforementioned win. The reverse parent power input 埠 is connected, and the output end is connected with the battery pack, and the 萱雷咏έ 3 animal battery pack is combined with the first conversion unit and the DC working power supply in the commercial power module. ; A fuel cell module consists of at least one emergency 〜 风 风 风 风 风 风 风 风 风 风 风 风 燃料 燃料 燃料 燃料 燃料 燃料 燃料 燃料 燃料 燃料 燃料 燃料 燃料 燃料 燃料 燃料 燃料 燃料 燃料 燃料 燃料 燃料 燃料 燃料 燃料 燃料 燃料 燃料 燃料 燃料 燃料 燃料Terminal--;_______________________—————— - Control module, which is connected to the fuel cell module and the AC power input port respectively, and connects and controls the switching action of the aforementioned switch. Using the aforementioned uninterruptible power system architecture Under the normal supply of the mains, the mains group exchanges AC and AC to DC to supply AC and DC powers respectively — —, ¥ ¥ / original load, and charge and discharge modules •: The battery pack is also charged by the AC mains through the charger. · In this case, the fuel cell module is in standby mode. · When the control module detects the communication city, it is wrong* ▲ interrupted First, the charging and discharging module starts to run, and when it is running for a while (1), the fuel cell module is also switched on and off, and the fuel cell module is replaced by a switch, and the thunder is pulled. ^ Meter can be interrupted in the city, instantly load emergency power supply, and then - quick response 'can be: = load continuous power supply, thereby providing continuity of supply and environmental pollution uninterruptible power systems. 6.201010247 [Embodiment] Regarding the system architecture of the present invention, please refer to the first figure, which includes a mains module (10), a charging and discharging module (20), a fuel cell module (30), and a control. Module (40) and an AC power input itch (1〇1), an AC working power output 埠(102), and a DC working power supply wheel (1〇3); wherein: /, 〇一该=electric mode The group (10) is mainly composed of a first conversion unit (11) and a first conversion unit 7〇(12), and the first and second conversion units (1)) (12) are respectively connected to the aforementioned AC power input port (101). ) connection to introduce AC mains, the output of the two is respectively connected with AC working power output 〇 (1〇2), DC working power output 埠 (103 wide and first conversion unit (11) is mainly converted by AC and DC The device (111) and the DC current converter (112) are configured to convert the input AC power into an AC power supply. In the implementation hook, the first conversion unit (11) is firstly converted by an AC to DC converter (111). ) Convert 22 〇v AC art power to 38 〇v DC power supply, and then DC The converter (1彳2) converts the 380V DC power supply into a 220V AC working power supply, which is sent out through the AC working power output 埠(102). Furthermore, the second conversion unit (12) is mainly composed of an AC-DC converter ( 120), which can convert 22 〇v AC mains into 48V DC working power, and send it through DC working power output 埠 (103). The charging and discharging module (20) includes at least one charger (21) and a battery pack (22) 'the input end of the charger (21) is connected to the aforementioned AC power input port (101), and the output end thereof is connected to the battery pack (22). When the city power supply is 7 201010247, The battery pack (22) can be charged through the charger (21); and the output (discharge loop) of the battery pack (22) is respectively transmitted through the two DC-to-DC converters (23) (24) and the mains module (10) And a DC working power output 埠 (103) connection, wherein the output of the DC-to-DC converter (23) is connected to the input end of the DC-to-AC converter (112) of the first conversion unit (11) to transmit the DC AC converter (1 12) will be the battery (22) The DC power supplied is converted into an AC working power supply, and the output of the AC power supply output 埠 (1 〇 2) is sent out. The output of the other DC-to-DC converter (24) is output with the DC working power supply (1 03 The connection, and the DC power supply sent from the battery pack (22) is converted into a DC power supply of a specific voltage (for example, 48V), and is sent out through the DC power supply output 埠 (103). The fuel cell module (3〇) includes at least a hydrogen fuel tank (3彳) and a waste battery pack (32), wherein the hydrogen fuel tank (31) is used for storing and supplying f fuel, and the fuel cell stack (32) is formed by connecting a plurality of fuel cells in series The main source is hydrogen: the trough (31) supplies hydrogen fuel to convert and generate electric power, and the output end of the fuel electric oil crucible group (32) passes through a switch (5〇) and the wheel end of the battery pack (22). 'H-to-DC converter (23) input terminal connection 丨 Normally, the switch (50) is open-circuited, meaning that the fuel cell module (3(1) is isolated from the power supply circuit under normal power supply conditions) , while in standby. S Hai control module (40) transmission -; heavy _ ', 运^ control core' through a detector (41) = AC power input 埠 ((9)) connection to determine whether the AC power supply = remote control The Γ group (40) and the fuel cell module (3 〇) and the cutting (4) control the operation of the fuel cell module (30) and the switching operation of the switch (5 〇). Under the above control module_control, .201010247 and cut between the various modes, the uninterruptible power system will work in the following three modes: x mains change type. When the mains supply is in this city snow M + nr i The system works in the form of working power converted to AC and DC)::=The parent flow power is separately chess: The control group (40) will immediately and continuously monitor the mains relay mode: once the city mine breaks, it will be the control mode. The group (40) detects the group (40) and then starts the fuel cell module. The battery pack (22) in the opening module (4) releases the stored power, via DC pair: converter_4) and DC conversion. The conversion of the device (1) 2) maintains the normal supply of the rectus working power output 蟑 (1G3) and the AC m material (1 〇 2). As for the operation time of the relay mode, the control module (4〇) determines the operating characteristics of the hydrogen fuel cell. The relay mode operates for no more than one minute. Fuel cell power supply mode: When the predetermined relay mode of the control module (4〇) ends, the switch (50) is turned on. At this point, the DC power generated by the fuel cell stack (32) is transmitted through the switch (5〇). The power supply circuit is sent. At this time, the battery pack (22) of the charging and discharging module (2〇) is also discharged, but the output voltage of the fuel cell stack (32) is higher than the battery pack (22). When the fuel cell stack (32) starts to supply power, the charge and discharge module (2〇) automatically stops supplying power, and then the fuel cell stack (32) continuously supplies power. When the mains supply resumes power supply, the message will still be detected by the control module (4〇), the control module (40) will cause the switch (50) to open, and the fuel cell 201010247 pool module (30) will be shut down. And resume to supply power in the mains mode. According to the above, the relationship between the three working modes is as shown in the second figure: when the system starts to operate, it enters the aforementioned mains mode (2〇1), and then determines whether the mains supply is normal (202)? If the mains supply Normal, that is, continuous mains mode (201) 'If the mains is interrupted, the fuel cell module (203) is activated and enters the relay mode (2〇4), and the charging and discharging module performs relay power supply. At the same time, control The module also judges whether the preset relay mode time is east (205) 'When the relay power supply time is over, the fuel cell power supply mode is entered (206) 'The fuel cell stack is cut into the power supply circuit by the control module, and the fuel is executed. Battery power supply, and immediately determine whether the mains supply is. No supply is restored (2〇7). If it is continuously interrupted, it will be maintained by the fuel cell stack. If it is detected that the mains supply is restored, it will return to the mains mode and the fuel cell module will be returned. Cut off the power supply circuit [simplified description]
第一圖··係本發明之系統方塊圖。 第二圖：係本發明之控制方法流程囷。 【主要元件符號說明】 (10)市電模組 （101)交流電源輸入埠 (102) 交流工作電源輸出埠 (103) 直流工作電源輸出璋 (11)第一轉換單疋（111)交流直流轉換器 (1 12)直流交流轉換器（12)第二轉換單元 (1 2 0)父抓直流轉換器（2 〇)充放電模組 201010247The first figure is a block diagram of the system of the present invention. Second figure: The flow of the control method of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] (10) Mains module (101) AC power input 埠 (102) AC working power output 埠 (103) DC working power output 璋 (11) First conversion unit 111 (111) AC DC converter (1 12) DC AC converter (12) Second conversion unit (1 2 0) Father catch DC converter (2 〇) charge and discharge module 201010247
(21)充電器 （22)蓄電池組 (23)(24)直流對直流轉換器 (30)燃料電池模組 （31)氫燃料槽 (32)燃料電池組 （40)控制模組 (41)檢測器 （50)切換開關 11(21) Charger (22) Battery pack (23) (24) DC to DC converter (30) Fuel cell module (31) Hydrogen fuel tank (32) Fuel cell stack (40) Control module (41) Detection Switch (11) switch 11