201009165 六、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於：衛生紙、化妝用面紙之類的面紙、紙 巾等等的家庭用薄葉紙，更詳細地說，係關於：柔軟且手 觸感良好，同時又具有優異的強度之家庭用薄葉紙。 【先前技術】 Φ 以往，作爲衛生紙、化妝用面紙之類的面紙、紙巾等 等所謂的家庭用薄葉紙所使用的紙漿，例如係使用：從取 自闊葉樹、針葉樹的木材碎片加以蒸解而得的化學紙漿所 製造的泥漿狀態的軟泥狀紙漿（slushed pulp )、將這種 * 軟泥狀紙漿脫水烘乾而得的乾紙漿（dry pulp)、或者將 舊紙予以脫墨處理而得的脫墨舊紙紙漿等，將這些紙漿在 尙未漂白的紙漿或已經漂白的紙漿的狀態下，或者在尙未 打漿或已經打漿後的紙漿的狀態下，配合品質設計而予以 • 單獨或混合地使用。 關於應如何地提昇面紙的重要品質指標的柔軟度、手 觸感的技術，以往就已經被不斷地硏究，已經有人提出各 種方案，例如藉由適當地選擇：疊層抄紙的紙漿的種類、 經調整其使用比例後的疊層面紙及其製造方法（專利文獻 1、專利文獻2)、長網抄紙機、短網抄紙機、雙線抄紙機 、圓網洋基抄紙機等的抄紙機，或者藉由將紙用柔軟劑例 如：脂肪酸酯系柔軟化劑（專利文獻3 )、第4級銨鹽型 陽離子界面活性劑（專利文獻4)、胺基甲酸酯醇或其鹽 -5- 201009165 、或者陽離子化物（專利文獻5)、非陽離子系界面活性 劑（專利文獻6、專利文獻7)、聚磷酸鹽（專利文獻8) 、聚矽氧烷（專利文獻9、專利文獻1 0 )等的添加藥品加 入軟泥狀紙漿內，以改善軟泥狀紙漿本身的滑順度，進而 使手觸感變好且變柔軟的方法；此外，還有先將紙漿濃縮 之後，藉由機械性的混合攪拌處理來使得纖維彎曲軟化（ 專利文獻Π、專利文獻12 )等等。 前述使用添加藥品的方法，有時候雖然可以獲得良好 @ 的柔軟效果，但是因爲起泡性較大，因此會有對於抄紙作 業本身造成不便之虞慮，有時候則會有導致降低紙力與吸 水性的問題。此外，藉由機械性的處理來使纖維彎曲的情 況，則是必須多增加讓原料濃縮的工程，因此就能源的面 ^ 而言較爲不利，這些都是其問題點。 此外，爲了提昇面紙的濕潤強度，主要係使用聚醯胺 、聚胺、環氧樹脂等的濕潤紙力提昇劑，然而面紙本身會 變得較剛直，就柔軟度、手觸感的方面而言，將會造成負 G 面影響，這是其問題點。 此外，以往爲了改善表面的平滑性，乃在面紙抄紙機 之後，使用一組或兩組之由上下各一支的一對經充分硏磨 過的冷硬軋輥、金屬輥子所組成的壓光機。然而，利用這 種壓光機爲了要提昇平滑性因而提高線壓力的話，將會有 導致厚度變薄，變得剛直而使手觸感也變硬的問題。 〔專利文獻1〕 日本特開昭54-46914號公報 〔專利文獻2〕 日本實開平4-66992號公報 -6 - 201009165201009165 VI. Description of the Invention [Technical Field] The present invention relates to household tissue paper for tissue paper, paper towels, and the like, such as toilet paper and cosmetic tissue, and more particularly, relates to: soft and hand touch A thin leaf paper for households that is good and has excellent strength. [Prior Art] Φ In the past, pulp used for household tissue paper such as tissue paper, paper towels, and the like, such as toilet paper, paper towels, and the like, are used, for example, by steaming wood chips obtained from broad-leaved trees and conifers. Slushed pulp in a slurry state produced by chemical pulp, dry pulp obtained by dehydrating and drying the soft pulp, or deinking obtained by deinking old paper Old paper pulp, etc., which are used alone or in combination with the quality design in the state of unbleached pulp or bleached pulp, or in the state of unslurryed or beaten pulp. The technique of how to improve the softness and hand touch of important quality indexes of facial tissue has been continuously studied in the past, and various proposals have been made, for example, by appropriately selecting: types of pulp for laminated papermaking A papermaking machine such as a laminated paper which has been adjusted in its use ratio and a method for producing the same (Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2), a long-wire paper machine, a short-wire paper machine, a double-line paper machine, a rotary net paper-based paper machine, and the like. Or by using a softening agent for paper, for example, a fatty acid ester-based softening agent (Patent Document 3), a fourth-stage ammonium salt-type cationic surfactant (Patent Document 4), a urethane or a salt thereof-5 - 201009165, or a cation compound (Patent Document 5), a non-cationic surfactant (Patent Document 6, Patent Document 7), a polyphosphate (Patent Document 8), a polyoxyalkylene (Patent Document 9, Patent Document 10) Adding a drug to the soft muddy pulp to improve the smoothness of the soft muddy pulp itself, thereby making the hand feel better and softer; in addition, after concentrating the pulp, mechanically Mixed The mixing treatment is performed to soften the fiber bending (Patent Document No. 12, Patent Document 12) and the like. In the above-mentioned method of adding a drug, although a good softness effect can be obtained sometimes, since the foaming property is large, there is a concern that the papermaking operation itself is inconvenient, and sometimes it causes a decrease in paper strength and water absorption. Sexual problem. Further, in the case where the fiber is bent by mechanical treatment, it is necessary to increase the amount of work for concentrating the raw material, so that it is disadvantageous in terms of energy, and these are problems. In addition, in order to enhance the wetting strength of the facial tissue, a moist paper strength enhancer such as polyamine, polyamine or epoxy resin is mainly used, but the facial tissue itself becomes relatively straight, in terms of softness and hand touch. In terms of it, it will have a negative G-plane effect, which is the problem. Further, in order to improve the smoothness of the surface, in the past, after a tissue paper machine, one or two sets of calendering consisting of a pair of fully honed chill rolls and metal rolls are used. machine. However, with such a calender, in order to improve the smoothness and thereby increase the line pressure, there is a problem that the thickness becomes thin and becomes straight and the hand feel becomes hard. [Patent Document 1] Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. H-54-46914 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei-4-66992 -6 - 201009165
〔專利文獻3〕 〔專利文獻4〕 〔專利文獻5〕 〔專利文獻6〕 〔專利文獻7〕 〔專利文獻8〕 〔專利文獻9〕 〔專利文獻1 〇〕 〔專利文獻1 1〕 〔專利文獻1 2〕 美國發明專利3,296,065號公報 曰本特開昭48-227〇1號公報 曰本特開昭60-139897號公報 曰本特開平2-99690號公報 曰本特開平2-99691號公報 曰本特開平2-36288號公報 曰本特開平2-224626號公報 日本特開平3-900號公報 曰本特開平5-23262號公報 日本特開平6-14848號公報 【發明內容】 〔發明所欲解決的課題〕 本發明的課題係在於提供：柔軟且手觸感良好，同時 又具有優異的強度之家庭用薄葉紙。 〔用以解決課題的手段〕 本發明人等，經過不斷硏究的結果，發現了：藉由含 有將氣穴現象所生成的氣泡於破裂時所產生的衝撃力施予 紙漿纖維而獲得的紙漿，能夠得到柔軟且手觸感良好，同 時又具有優異的強度之家庭用薄葉紙之創見，進而完成了 本發明。 〔發明的效果〕 根據本發明，係可獲得：柔軟且手觸感良好，同時又 201009165 具有優異的強度之家庭用薄葉紙。 【實施方式】 〔用以實施本發明的最佳方式〕 本發明的家庭用薄葉紙的特徵爲：含有將氣穴現象所 生成的氣泡於破裂時所產生的衝撃力施予紙漿纖維而獲得 的紙漿。以下的說明中係將「將氣穴現象所生成的氣泡於 破裂時所產生的衝撃力施予紙漿纖維」這件事情稱爲「氣 穴現象處理」。 作爲本發明的氣穴現象處理的對象的紙漿並未特別地 限定’係可使用：將木質纖維素材料利用鹼性蒸解藥液予 以蒸解而得的化學紙漿（針葉樹的漂白牛皮紙紙漿（ NBKP )或未漂白牛皮紙紙漿（NUKP )、闊葉樹的漂白牛 皮紙紙漿（LBKP ))、機械紙漿（磨碎木片紙漿（GP ) 、機械細磨紙漿（RGP )、熱機械處理紙漿（TMP )、化 學熱機械處理紙漿（CTMP )等）、脫墨紙漿（DIP )等。 化學紙漿則是可使用牛皮紙紙漿、聚硫紙漿、鈉鹼紙漿、 鹼性亞硫酸鹽紙漿、碳酸鈉鹼紙漿、以及氧-鈉鹼紙漿等 〇 前述化學紙漿亦可是：在前述的蒸解藥液中添加了作 爲蒸解助劑的環狀酮基化合物（例如：恵酿、1,4 -二經-9,10-二酮蒽等）之後才進行蒸解的紙漿。又，作爲前述化 學紙漿，特別適用在本發明中的是牛皮紙紙漿，這種牛皮 紙紙漿亦可爲：利用蒸解液的分割添加以及在連續蒸解爐 -8 - 201009165 内部的並流蒸解與向流蒸解所組成的「修正鹸性蒸解法」 所製得的紙漿。這些化學紙漿，亦可適當將：未漂白紙漿 的狀態、漂白紙漿的狀態，或者未打漿的狀態、打漿紙漿 的狀態，予以單獨使用或者混合使用。 關於氣穴現象處理，更詳細說明的話，係將因氣穴現 象所生成的氣泡於破裂時所產生的衝撃力施加到紙漿纖維 ，促使紙漿的外部原纖維化（外部起毛），並且又抑制内 部原纖維化以調整濾水度。作爲氣穴現象處理，係可採用 :WO 2005/012 63 2號公報所述的氣穴現象噴流處理。 此外，亦可將氣穴現象處理與機械式的打漿處理組合 在一起來將紙漿纖維予以外部原纖維化。在紙漿懸濁液中 ，除了紙漿纖維以外，即使含有：舊紙或含在紙塊內的塡 料或含在印刷顏料中的無機物微粒子也無妨。氣穴現象處 理除了可以促進紙漿纖維的外部原纖維化之外，又可抑制 内部原纖維化，因此與傳統方法之使用打細機等的裝置利 用機械力量來進行打漿處理後的紙漿比較的話，在相同的 濾水度的條件下，可獲得更爲膨鬆且具有優異的強度的紙 漿。因此含有利用這種氣穴現象處理所獲得的外部原纖維 的紙漿之家庭用薄葉紙，係更柔軟而且具有優異的強度。 藉由氣穴現象處理所調製後的紙漿的加拿大標準濾水 度，在化學紙漿的情況下，以50〜650ml的範圍爲宜，在 機械紙漿或舊紙（脫墨）紙漿的情況下，以50〜400ml的 範圍爲宜。此外，在混合了前述兩種紙漿的情況下，總合 的加拿大標準濾水度係以100〜550ml的範圍爲宜。 201009165 其次，將詳細說明氣穴現象處理。所謂「氣穴現象」 係如加藤先生的著作（加藤洋治編著：新版氣穴現象基礎 與最近的進歩；稹書店，1 99 9年出版）所記載，當氣穴現 象氣泡的破裂時，對於數μιη程度的局部區域將會產生高 達數GPa程度的衝撃力量，而且以微觀方式來觀察的話， 當氣泡破裂時，會因爲隔熱壓縮而讓溫度上昇到達數千°C 。其結果，在發生了氣穴現象的情況下，溫度將會一起上 昇。基於這些現象，氣穴現象對於流體機械也會帶來例如 @ :損傷、振動、降低性能等等的不利因素的一面，因此以 往都將技術課題放在：有必要將其控制成不發生氣穴現象 。近年來針對於氣穴現象的硏究急速地進展，已經發展到 可將氣穴現象噴流的流體力學上的參數當作操作因子，高 精度地控制氣穴現象的發生區域、甚至於可以控制衝撃力 的大小。其結果，藉由控制氣泡的破裂衝撃力，可令人期 待有效地活用這種強力的能量。因此，可藉由執行依據流 體力學上的參數的操作和調整，而可高精度地控制氣穴現 ❿ 象。已經顯示出可以保持技術上的作用效果的穩定性，因 而已經不再是以往的那種在流體機械中自然發生的伴隨著 無法控制的不良影響的氣穴現象，而是將經過控制後的氣 穴現象所生成的氣泡積極地導入到紙漿懸濁液中，有效利 ’ 用其能量的做法就是本發明的特徵。 本發明中之作爲氣穴現象的生成手段，雖然可以例舉 出：利用液體噴流的方法、使用超音波震盪子的方法、使 用超音波震盪子與號角狀的增幅放大器的方法、利用雷射 -10- 201009165 照射的方法等，但是並不限定爲這些方法。使用液體噴流 的方法，因爲氣穴現象氣泡的生成效率高，可形成具有更 強力的破裂衝撃力的氣穴現象氣泡雲，對於紙漿纖維的作 用效果很大，所以較爲合宜。根據前述方法所發生的氣穴 現象係與以往的流體機械中自然發生的伴隨著無法控制的 不良影響的氣穴現象明顯地不同。 如上所述，作爲氣穴現象處理，係適合採用 φ W02005/01 2632號公報所述的這種利用液體噴流的氣穴現 象噴流處理，以下將詳細地說明。 所謂「液體噴流」係指：液體或者液體之中散佈著或 混合著固體粒子、氣體的流體的噴流，也就是指：紙漿或 無機物粒子的泥漿或含氣泡的液體噴流。此處所稱的氣體 亦可包含因氣穴現象所生成的氣泡。 氣穴現象係當液體受到加速，局部地方的壓力變成較 之該液體的蒸氣壓更低的時候才會發生，因此流速以及壓 力特別的重要。基於這種理由，用來表達氣穴現象狀態的 基本上的無次元數、氣穴現象數（Cavitation Number) cr 係被定義成如下所列的數式（請參考加藤洋治編著的「新 版氣穴現象基礎與最近的進歩」，稹書店於1999年出版 〔數式1〕[Patent Document 3] [Patent Document 4] [Patent Document 5] [Patent Document 6] [Patent Document 7] [Patent Document 8] [Patent Document 9] [Patent Document 1] [Patent Document 1 1] [Patent Document 1 2] U.S. Patent No. 3,296,065, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. Problem to be Solved The problem of the present invention is to provide a household thin leaf paper which is soft and has a good hand touch and has excellent strength. [Means for Solving the Problem] As a result of continuous investigation, the present inventors have found that pulp obtained by applying a pulping force generated by breaking a bubble generated by cavitation to a pulp fiber upon rupture is obtained. The present invention has been completed by the idea of a home-use thin leaf paper which is soft and has a good hand touch and excellent strength. [Effect of the Invention] According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a household leaf tissue which is soft and has a good hand touch, and at the same time, 201009165 has excellent strength. [Embodiment] [Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention] The household thin leaf paper of the present invention is characterized in that it contains a pulp obtained by applying a punching force generated when a bubble generated by cavitation occurs at the time of cracking to a pulp fiber. . In the following description, the "crushing force generated by the cavitation generated by the cavitation phenomenon is applied to the pulp fiber" is called "cavitation treatment". The pulp which is the object of the cavitation treatment of the present invention is not particularly limited to: a chemical pulp (a bleached kraft pulp (NBKP) of coniferous tree or a chemical pulp obtained by digesting a lignocellulosic material with an alkaline distilling solution or Unbleached kraft pulp (NUKP), hardwood bleached kraft pulp (LBKP), mechanical pulp (grinded wood pulp (GP), mechanical finely ground pulp (RGP), thermomechanically treated pulp (TMP), chemical thermomechanical pulp (CTMP), etc., deinked pulp (DIP), and the like. The chemical pulp may be kraft pulp, polysulfur pulp, sodium alkali pulp, alkaline sulfite pulp, sodium carbonate alkali pulp, and oxygen-sodium pulp, etc., or the above chemical pulp may be: in the above-mentioned steaming liquid A pulp which is subjected to distillation after addition of a cyclic ketone compound as a digesting aid (for example, brewing, 1,4 -di-9,10-dione oxime, etc.). Further, as the above-mentioned chemical pulp, particularly suitable for use in the present invention is kraft pulp, which may also be: split addition by using a distillate and co-current digestion and steaming in a continuous distillation furnace -8 - 201009165 The pulp obtained by the "corrected alkaline distillation method". These chemical pulps may be used singly or in combination with the state of the unbleached pulp, the state of the bleached pulp, or the state of the unslurryed pulp, and the state of the pulping pulp. Regarding the treatment of the cavitation phenomenon, in more detail, the flushing force generated by the bubble generated by the cavitation phenomenon is applied to the pulp fiber to promote the external fibrillation of the pulp (external fuzzing), and the internal reaction is suppressed. Fibrillation to adjust the degree of filtration. As the cavitation treatment, the cavitation jet treatment described in WO 2005/012 63 2 can be employed. In addition, cavitation treatment can be combined with mechanical beating to externally fibrillate the pulp fibers. In the pulp suspension, it is possible to contain, in addition to the pulp fibers, old paper or a material contained in the paper or inorganic fine particles contained in the printing pigment. In addition to promoting the external fibrillation of the pulp fibers, the cavitation treatment can suppress the internal fibrillation. Therefore, if the apparatus using a fine machine such as a conventional machine uses mechanical strength to compare the pulp after the beating treatment, Under the same degree of filtration, a pulp which is more bulky and has excellent strength can be obtained. Therefore, the household tissue paper containing the pulp which is treated by the cavitation treatment of the external fibrils is softer and has excellent strength. The Canadian standard water filtration degree of the prepared pulp by the cavitation treatment is preferably in the range of 50 to 650 ml in the case of chemical pulp, and in the case of mechanical pulp or old paper (deinked) pulp. A range of 50 to 400 ml is preferred. Further, in the case where the above two kinds of pulps are mixed, the total Canadian standard water filtration degree is preferably in the range of 100 to 550 ml. 201009165 Secondly, the cavitation treatment will be described in detail. The so-called "cavitation phenomenon" is the work of Mr. Kato (edited by Kato Yoji: The new version of cavitation and the recent entry; the bookstore, published in 1999), when the cavitation bubble bursts, count The local area of the degree of μιη will produce a punching force of up to several GPa, and when viewed in a microscopic manner, when the bubble bursts, the temperature rises to several thousand ° C due to the thermal compression. As a result, in the case where cavitation occurs, the temperature will rise together. Based on these phenomena, the cavitation phenomenon also brings about disadvantages such as @: damage, vibration, and reduced performance to fluid machinery. Therefore, in the past, the technical subject has been placed: it is necessary to control it to not cause cavitation. phenomenon. In recent years, the research on cavitation has been rapidly progressing, and the hydrodynamic parameters of cavitation jets have been developed as operational factors, and the occurrence of cavitation is controlled with high precision, and even the control can be controlled. Magnitude of the force. As a result, by controlling the rupture force of the bubble, it is desirable to effectively use this powerful energy. Therefore, it is possible to control the cavitation phenomenon with high precision by performing the operation and adjustment according to the parameters of the fluid mechanics. It has been shown to maintain the stability of the technical effect, and thus is no longer the cavitation phenomenon that occurs naturally in fluid machines with uncontrollable adverse effects, but the controlled gas. The bubble generated by the hole phenomenon is actively introduced into the pulp suspension, and it is a feature of the present invention to effectively use the energy. The means for generating cavitation in the present invention may be a method using a liquid jet, a method using an ultrasonic oscillator, a method using an ultrasonic oscillator and a horn-shaped amplifier, and a laser- 10-201009165 The method of irradiation, etc., but is not limited to these methods. The liquid jet method is used because the cavitation bubble generation efficiency is high, and a cavitation bubble cloud having a stronger rupture force can be formed, which is more effective for the pulp fiber. The cavitation phenomenon which occurs according to the above method is significantly different from the cavitation phenomenon which naturally occurs in the conventional fluid machine with an uncontrollable adverse effect. As described above, as the cavitation treatment, it is suitable to use the cavitation jet flow treatment using the liquid jet as described in φ W02005/01 2632, which will be described in detail below. The term "liquid jet" refers to a jet of a fluid in which a solid particle or a gas is dispersed or mixed in a liquid or a liquid, that is, a slurry of pulp or inorganic particles or a jet of liquid containing bubbles. The gas referred to herein may also contain bubbles generated by cavitation. The cavitation phenomenon occurs when the liquid is accelerated and the local pressure becomes lower than the vapor pressure of the liquid, so the flow rate and pressure are particularly important. For this reason, the basic non-dimensional number and the Cavitation Number cr used to express the cavitation state are defined as the following formulas (please refer to the new version of the cavitation edited by Kato Yoji) The basis of the phenomenon and the recent advancement", published by the bookstore in 1999 [Expression 1]
(P·»: —般流的壓力（絕對壓力）、U~: —般流的 流速、pv:流體的蒸氣壓（絕對壓力）、p:密度） 201009165 此處，所謂「氣穴現象數很大」係表示該流體流經的 地方處於難以發生氣穴現象的狀態°特別是氣穴現象噴流 的這種經由噴嘴或者限流孔管來發生氣穴現象的情況下’ 可從噴嘴上游側壓力P1 (絕對壓力）、噴嘴τ游側壓力P2 (絕對壓力）、試料水的飽和蒸氣壓Pv (絕對壓力）’將 氣穴現象數σ改寫成下列數式（2) ’在氣穴現象噴流中 ，因爲Pi、P2、Pv間的壓力差很大’係P1遠大於P2遠大 於pv的狀態，因此可將氣穴現象數6^更進一步以下列的 數式來近似（請參考 H.Soyama, J. Soc. Mat. S c i. Japan,47 (4 ) ,3 8 1 1 998 ) ° 〔數式2〕(P·»: General pressure (absolute pressure), U~: Flow rate of general flow, pv: vapor pressure of fluid (absolute pressure), p: density) 201009165 Here, the number of cavitation is very high. "大" indicates that the fluid flows through a state where cavitation is difficult to occur. Especially in the case of a cavitation phenomenon through a nozzle or a restriction orifice, the pressure can be generated from the upstream side of the nozzle. P1 (absolute pressure), nozzle τ side pressure P2 (absolute pressure), sample water saturated vapor pressure Pv (absolute pressure)' rewrites the cavitation phenomenon number σ into the following equation (2) 'in the cavitation jet Because the pressure difference between Pi, P2, and Pv is very large, 'P1 is much larger than P2 is much larger than pv. Therefore, the cavitation number 6^ can be further approximated by the following equation (please refer to H. Soyama, J. Soc. Mat. S c i. Japan,47 (4 ) ,3 8 1 1 998 ) ° [Expression 2]
Pi ~Py Pi SI —Pi ~Py Pi SI —
Pi -Pi Px 是以，氣穴現象數σ係可藉由：噴嘴的上游側壓力與 下游側壓力的兩個數値來予以表現。此外’在本發明的實 施例中所量測的壓力，全部都是儀器計測壓，本發明中的 氣穴現象數σ可依下列數式（3)來表示。 〔數式3〕 ο = ρ4/ρ3 (惟，Ρ3 :噴嘴上游側壓力（儀器計測壓）、Ρ4 :噴 嘴下游側壓力（儀器計測壓）） 本發明中的氣穴現象的條件，係以上述氣穴現象數σ 爲0.001以上0.5以下爲宜，0.003以上0.2以下更佳， 0.01以上0·1以下特佳。當氣穴現象數σ未達0_ 〇〇1的情 況下，氣穴現象氣泡於破裂時之與周圍的壓力差很低，所 -12- 201009165 以效果變小，較之0.5更大的情況下，水流的壓力差很低 ，氣穴現象很難發生。 又，當經由噴嘴或者限流孔管將噴射液予以噴射出去 以使其發生氣穴現象的時候，噴射液的壓力（噴嘴上游側 壓力）係以O.OIMPa (儀器計測壓）以上60MPa(儀器計 測壓）以下爲宜，〇.7MPa (儀器計測壓）以上30MPa (儀 器計測壓）以下更佳；2MPa (儀器計測壓）以上15MPa ( φ 儀器計測壓）以下特佳。如果噴嘴上游側壓力未達 O.OIMPa (儀器計測壓）的話，與噴嘴下游側壓力之間難 以產生壓力差因而作用效果很小。又，如果噴嘴上游側壓 力較之60MPa (儀器計測壓）更高的情況下，必須使用到 特殊的泵浦及壓力容器，所消耗的能源變大，因此在於成 本上較爲不利，而且會使得紙漿纖維受到過度的損傷，不 適合作爲製紙原料來使用。另外，容器内的壓力（噴嘴下 游側壓力）係以静壓爲 0.05MPa (儀器計測壓）以上 φ 2.6MPa (儀器計測壓）以下爲宜。對於下游側也施加壓力 的做法，乃是藉由對於收容被噴射液（紙漿懸濁液）的容 器加壓，使得氣穴現象氣泡破裂區域的壓力變高，氣泡與 周圍的壓力差變大，所以氣泡可更急激烈地破裂，使得衝 撃力變得更大。此外，容器内的壓力如果變得過高的話， 氣穴現象本身就變得不易發生。因此容器内的壓力與噴射 液的壓力之間的壓力比（（儀器計測壓）/(儀器計測壓 ))係在0.001〜0.5的範圍爲宜。 又’噴射液的噴流的速度係以1 m/秒以上200 m/秒以 -13- 201009165 下的範圍爲宜，20 m/秒以上100 m/秒以下的範圍更佳。 如果噴流的速度未達1 m/秒的情況下，壓力的降低很少， 氣穴現象很難發生，所以其效果很弱。另—方面，如果噴 流的速度較之200 m/秒更大的情況下’需要高壓’因此必 須使用特別的裝置，在成本上較爲不利。 本發明中的氣穴現象處理雖然可以選擇在水槽等的任 意的容器内或者在配管内，但並不限定於這些。此外，雖 然也可採用單次處理（one-pass)的方式來進行處理，但 是藉由使其循環好幾次的做法，可更爲增大效果。此外， 可以使用複數個氣穴現象產生手段，以並列方式或者串列 方式進行處理。 用來使之產生氣穴現象的噴流，雖然也可以在製紙漿 機的這種開放在大氣中的容器中來產生噴流，但是爲了要 控制氣穴現象，最好是在壓力容器中來產生噴流。 在本發明中’例如：在利用液體噴流來產生氣穴現象 的方法，係對於紙漿懸濁液，例如：將蒸餾水、自來水、 工業用水、製紙工程中回收的再利用水、紙漿搾水、還流 水、紙漿懸濁液、酒精等，當作噴射液體進行噴射，但是 並不限定於這些。最好是將紙漿懸濁液本身當作噴射液體 來加以噴射，除了發生在噴流周圍的氣穴現象所產生的作 用效果之外，又可獲得從限流孔高壓噴射時的流體力學上 的剪力’因此可發揮更大的作用效果。此外，使用紙漿懸 濁液作爲噴射液體的情況下，亦可將作爲處理對象的所有 紙漿量都予以循環來進行處理。 201009165 利用液體噴流來產生氣穴現象以進行處理的 基於氣泡發生效率的觀點而言，處理對象亦即紙 的固形分濃度係以5重量％以下爲宜，3重量％以 0.1〜1.5重量％的範圍最佳。 此外，處理時的紙漿懸濁液的PH値，係以 爲宜，pH3〜12更佳，pH4〜1 1特佳。如果pH 話，裝置的腐蝕等將會成爲問題，基於材質及保 0 點，較爲不利。另一方面，如果pH超過13的話 紙漿纖維發生變黃現象，因而降低白色度，所以 。保持在鹼性條件這一邊的做法對於紙漿纖維的 良好，因爲可增加OH活性游離基的生成量，所 宜。 本發明是藉由提高液體的噴射壓力，以增大 流速，因而產生更強力的氣穴現象。再者，藉由 被噴射液的容器加壓，使得氣穴現象的氣泡破裂 • 壓力變高，因爲氣泡與周圍的壓力差變大，所以 激烈地破裂而使得衝撃力也變大。此處所稱的「 係指：以高壓狀態從限流孔噴射出來的液體，「 」係指：被噴射到容器内或配管内的液體。氣穴 液體中的氣體的量所影響，當氣體過多的情況下 起氣泡與氣泡彼此的衝突以及合而爲一，因此破 量將會被其他的氣泡所吸收，產生緩衝效果，導 變弱。因此，因爲受到了溶存氣體與蒸氣壓的影 其處理溫度必須在融點以上沸點以下。液體若是 情況下， 漿懸濁液 下更佳， pHl 〜1 3 未達1的 養等的觀 ，將會讓 並不適宜 膨潤性較 以較爲合 噴射液的 對於收容 的區域的 氣泡將會 噴射液」 被噴射液 現象係受 ，將會引 裂衝撃力 致衝撃力 響，所以 以水作爲 -15- 201009165 媒質的情況下，處理溫度選定在〇〜80°c的範圍爲宜，更 好是選定在10°c〜60°C的範圍的話，能夠獲得很高的效果 。一般都認爲處理溫度選定在融點與沸點之間的中間點， 衝撃力會趨於最大，因此在水溶液的情況下，係以50°C前 後最爲適合，但是，即使在50°C以下的溫度，也不會受到 蒸氣壓的影響，因此只要是在前述的範圍的話，就可獲得 很高的效果。如果是較之80°C更高的溫度的話，用來產生 氣穴現象的壓力容器的耐壓性會明顯的降低，容器很容易 & 損壊，所以並不適宜。 在本發明中，藉由添加界面活性劑之類的可降低液體 的表面張力的物質的話，可以降低產生氣穴現象時所需的 能量。所添加的物質係可以爲公知或新型的界面活性劑， 係可舉出例如：脂肪酸鹽、高級烷基硫酸鹽、烷基苯璜酸 酸鹽、高級酒精、烷基酚、脂肪酸之類的環氧烷附加物等 的非離子界面活性劑、陰離子界面活性劑、陽離子界面活 性劑、兩性界面活性劑、或者有機溶劑等，但是並不限定 Q 於這些界面活性劑。亦可爲由這些界面活性劑的單一成分 所組成的，或者兩種以上的成分的混合物。至於添加量， 只要是能夠降低噴射液及/或被噴射液的表面張力所需的 量即可。此外，至於添加的場所，只要是在較之產生氣穴 現象的場所更前面的工序中的任何一處場所即可，但如果 是將液體予以循環處理的情況下，則即使是在產生氣穴現 象的場所以後的地方才進行添加亦無妨。 在本發明中，相對於全紙漿分之實施氣穴現象處理後 -16- 201009165 的紙漿的配合率（含量）雖然並無特別的限定，但是配合 率愈高的話，愈可獲得強度更高且柔軟的家庭用薄葉紙。 基於這種觀點，相對於全紙漿的絕對乾燥重量，實施氣穴 現象處理後的紙漿的配合率（含量）係以5重量％以上爲 宜’ 30〜100重量％更佳，60〜100重量％特佳。如果配合 率未達5重量％的話，看不出來在柔軟度、手觸感上有所 改變，無法提昇強度。 φ 家庭用薄葉紙雖然係由單一層或複數層所構成的，但 是，可將單一層或複數層以氣穴現象處理紙漿單獨地進行 抄紙，亦可混合兩種以上的氣穴現象處理紙漿來進行抄紙 ，此外，亦可在氣穴現象處理後的紙漿中混合了傳統的軟 泥狀紙漿、乾紙漿、脫墨紙漿（DIP )之後才進行抄紙。 將由複數層所組成的家庭用薄葉紙兩張重叠在一起進 行叠層的情況下，如果係將含有氣穴現象處理紙漿的層置 於外側來予以重疊的話，因爲手所觸摸到的層就是該含有 φ 氣穴現象處理紙漿的這一層，所以可更進一步提昇手觸感 。又，將含有氣穴現象處理紙漿的這一層壓接到洋基烘乾 機上進行烘乾，而將這個面配置在兩張重叠而成的家庭用 薄葉紙的外側的話，將可更進一步提昇手觸感。 又，作爲氣穴現象處理紙漿以外的紙漿，係可以將例 如：化學紙漿（針葉樹的漂白牛皮紙紙漿（NBKP )或未 漂白牛皮紙紙漿（NUKP ) '闊葉樹的漂白牛皮紙紙漿（ LBKP ))或未漂白牛皮紙紙漿（LUKP )等）、機械紙漿 (磨碎木片紙漿（GP)、機械細磨紙漿（RGP)、熱機械 -17- 201009165 處理紙漿（ΤΜΡ )、化學熱機械處理紙漿（CTMP )等） 、脫墨紙漿（DIP )之類的紙漿，以任意的比例來混合使 用。 經過氣穴現象處理後的紙漿，雖然是受到促進其外部 原纖維化後的紙漿，但是在有些情況下，亦可獲得具有鱗 片狀的外部原纖維的紙漿，以下將針對這些進行說明。 根據磯貝先生的著作（磯貝明著「纖維素的材料化 學」；東京大學出版會，p68，2001年出版），所謂「紙 _ 漿的打漿」，係指：對於含水狀態的紙漿纖維施予機械性 的擦刷應力，在紙槳纖維内部的微原纖維之間製造出空隙 (内部原纖維化），讓紙漿纖維的外側的原纖維起毛（外 部原纖維化），使其比表面積增大，以資提昇紙漿纖維對 於水的膨潤性，同時會產生將纖維予以局部性地切斷，以 及纖維的外周面剝離後的微細纖維。 藉由紙漿的打漿處理，在造紙時所形成的纖維間的結 合面積將會增加，各種力學物性、光學物性、液體吸收性 © 將會改變。然而，若將紙漿纖維以分子大小的基準來觀察 的話，在打漿處理的過程中，纖維素的分子量僅有少許的 降低，結晶化度幾乎未改變。這是被認爲：因爲非晶性之 具有親水性的半纖維素部分係有如緩衝軟墊般地可以吸收 機械能量的緣故。 此外，根據島地先生等的著作（島地謙等人共著^ 木材的組織」；森北出版社，p55，1 976年出版），從以 一般方法進行打漿後的木材紙漿所觀察到的外部原纖維， -18- 201009165 係指：以光學顯微鏡所觀察到的幅寬0.4〜1 μιη程度的絲 狀的構造物，所謂「微原纖維」係指：存在於細胞壁中的 要素性的構造單位，係具有9〜37nm程度的幅寬的纖維素 分子的集合體。在本發明所使用的具有鱗片狀的形態的外 部原纖維之紙漿中，所稱的「具有特徵性的鱗片狀的形態 的外部原纖維」，係指：幅寬3 μηι以上，較佳爲具有與紙 漿纖維的幅寬同等程度爲止的大小之纖維表面的剝離或起 φ 毛，前述的微原纖維在横向相連而形成集合體，變成幅寬 較大的層者，也就是，纖維壁表面的微原纖維保持在層構 造的狀態下產生剝離者。此外，厚度是從9nm起訖2μηι 的範圍也是其特徵。此外，在利用電子顯微鏡觀察纖維的 時候，最好是在阻止氫結合的乾燥狀態下來進行測定，這 是因爲如果只是單純地將纖維烘乾的情況下，會因爲毛細 管現象導致外部原纖維被吸附到纖維表面，難以判別之故 ，很難很精準地觀察到這種原纖維。 • 本發明中的鱗片狀的外部原纖維的特徵是：被分子量 爲一萬以上的高分子量的染料所染色。亦即，外部原纖維 係指：可吸附分子量爲一萬以上的高分子量的染料之微原 纖維集合體。至於分子量爲一萬以上的染料，雖然係可舉 出例如·· Simon 氏等人的文献（f.l. Simons，Tappi，33 (7 )，312 ( 1950))、以及Xiaochun氏等人的文献（γ. Xiaochun et al.，Tappi Journal, 78(6)，1 75 ( 1 995 ) · )中所 S己載的适種 Direct Orange 15 ( old Color Index ( Cl) n0，621、或者含有 ci Constitution no. 40002/3 )的 -19- 201009165 CI Constitution no.40000〜40006等的柑橘染料，但是只 要是可將以纖維素爲主體的纖維予以染色的物質的話即可 ，並無特別的限定。 前述分子量爲一萬以上的染料，根據Xiaochun氏等 的文献的記載的話，利用光散亂測定可知其爲流體力學上 的大小爲5nm以上的分子，無法滲透進入到紙漿纖維表面 所存在的未達5nm的細孔。另一方面，由紙漿纖維表面的 微原纖維的集合體所構成的原纖維，係露出在紙漿纖維的 外側，因此，前述分子量爲一萬以上的染料分子很容易接 近，所以可藉由吸附而能夠選擇性地將原纖維部分予以染 色。 爲了要以光學方式特別針對原纖維部分來加以觀察， 係以前述文献所記載的方式，使用 Direct Blue 1 ( old Color Index ( CI ) no.518、或者 CI Constitution no.24410 )或 Direct Blue 4、Direct Blue. 15、Direct Blue 22、 Direct Blue 151之類的低分子染料，將纖維全體予以染色 ，即可加強其對比度而可更容易觀察。雖然在纖維全體上 都吸附著低分子的染料，但是因爲高分子的染料的吸附力 更強，因此可將低分子的染料予以置換。其結果，可吸附 高分子染料（柑橘染料）的原纖維部分係被染成橘色，無 法吸附高分子染料的纖維細孔部分則可被低分子染料（藍 色染料）所染色，因此得以將原纖維部分特別強調出來。 至於低分子的染料，係含有：分子量未達10000，較好是 分子量未達2000，更好是分子量300〜1500的分子51 %以 201009165 上的染料。 本發明之具有鱗片狀的外部原纖維的紙漿，其纖維以 —根爲單位來考量時，以下列數式4來表示的外部原纖維 部分的面積率爲20%以上，並且以下列數式5來表示的外 部原纖維部分的周圍長率爲1_5以上爲宜。本發明的紙獎 的鱗片狀的外部原纖維與一般的原纖維比較時，表面積較 大，因此這些數値也變大。 φ 外部原纖維部分的面積率（％) = [(外部原纖維部分的面 積）/(外部原纖維部分的面積+紙漿纖維的全表面積）] xl0° (數式 4) 外部原纖維部分的周圍長率=(外部原纖維部分的周 圍長+紙漿纖維的全周圍長）/(紙漿纖維的全周圍長） (數式5) 〔作用〕 φ 含有經氣穴現象處理後的紙漿的面紙的手觸感與強度 都變成優異的理由，被認爲是有下列的原因。 一般而言，在高蓬鬆度（密度低）且表面平滑的情況 下，可以提昇面紙的手觸感。然而，如上所述，經氣穴現 象處理後的紙漿，是將外部原纖維化予以特別加強促進的 紙漿。亦即，如 W02006/085598公報所記載般地，因爲 是既能夠保住纖維的剛直性，又能夠促進外部原纖維化， 所以與利用雙碟式磨碎機之類的傳統的機械方式處理比較 的話，如果是將紙漿調配成：蓬鬆度爲同等程度的情況下 -21 - 201009165 ，紙張強度係有所提昇，如果是將紙漿調配成：同等強度 的話，則紙張的蓬鬆度變得更高。 又，如果係使用經氣穴現象處理後的紙漿的話，可很 容易將金屬輥子等的平滑面轉印到紙面上，因此紙張也很 容易變成平滑。 基於這些理由，含有經氣穴現象處理後的紙漿的面紙 被認爲是手觸感與強度都有變優異的傾向。 〔實施例〕 以下將舉出實施例及比較例來具體地說明本發明，但 是本發明並不限定爲這種實施例。此外，在實施例、比較 例中所示的％，如果未特別地說明的話，係指：重量％。 將下列的實施例及比較例中所調製的紙漿利用雙線型三層 式的洋基抄紙機來進行抄紙。皺紋則是藉由採取：烘乾機 與捲紙盤之間的速度差的方式，讓紙張產生乾皺紋。如果 並未特別聲明的話，係將這個面紙原紙之與洋基烘乾機接 觸的面（YD面）朝向外側（與使用者的手接觸這一側） 的方式，兩張重疊在一起，將這個面朝外側地兩張疊層在 一起之後，接觸到洋基烘乾機，然後將已經烘乾後的面， 利用軟壓光機予以壓光。紙漿，無論是實施例或是比較例 的情況下，都是採用：將日本國内產的闊葉樹碎木片以牛 皮紙紙漿法來進行製造，且經過漂白後的漢特白色度（ brightness by Hunter)爲84%的闊葉樹漂白紙發。 又，在實施例以及比較例中所使用的評判方法如下。 -22- 201009165 <手觸感> 委託ι〇名評審員，進行手觸感、及肌膚觸感的評判 。以下列的區別方式來加以表示。 非常好：◎，好：◦，普通：△，不佳·· x <拉伸強度（縱向）的測定法> φ 拉伸強度：在MD方向、CD方向上，將試料裁剪成 15mm寬度，各方向的拉伸強度係以單—層（丨ply)來進 行測定，利用下列數式計算出來的數値就當做是拉伸強度 〇 拉伸強度（g)= (MD拉伸強度xCD拉伸強度）1/2 <蓬鬆度的測定法> 將試料以10層重疊在一起時的紙張厚度（mm)當作 φ 蓬鬆度。 <單位面積重量的測定> 依據日本工業規格 JIS P 8124: 1998 (ISO 536: 1995 )來進行測定。 <氣穴現象處理紙漿的調整> 氣穴現象處理係利用第1圖所示的氣穴現象噴流式處 理裝置來進行的。第1圖中，試料槽1内收容著未圖示的 -23- 201009165 紙漿懸濁液（濃度1.1%)，試料槽1內插入溫度感應器 12與攪拌器13。試料槽1的紙漿懸濁液係利用中介著閥 柱泵4的預定的配管，被當作噴射液來導入到氣穴現象噴 流容器3。在氣穴現象噴流容器3的下部設有噴嘴2，更 詳細地說，試料槽1的紙漿懸濁液是從噴嘴2被噴射到噴 流容器3内。此外，在從試料槽1的側部朝向噴流容器3 的配管上設置有供水閥9、循環閥10，將試料槽1内的紙 漿懸濁液當成被噴射液供給到噴流容器3内。在從試料槽 1的側部朝向噴嘴2的另一個配管上則是介裝著一個上游 側壓力控制閥5。另外，在從噴流容器3的上部朝向試料 槽1的另一個配管上則是介裝著一個下游側壓力控制閥6 ，藉由調整各個壓力控制閥5、6，即可調整送到噴嘴2的 紙漿懸濁液的噴射壓。又，在噴嘴2的輸入側係設有一個 上游側壓力計7,在噴流容器3的上部係設有一個下游側 壓力計8。此外，在噴流容器3的下部係設有一個排水閥 11。 ❿ 〔實施例1〕 在三層之中的上層及下層的原料，係以下列方式調製 。將闊葉樹漂白牛皮紙紙漿的紙漿薄片在低濃度製紙漿機 中進行解離，調整到想要的濃度後，使用第1圖所示的氣 穴現象噴流式處理裝置（噴嘴口徑1.5mm)，將噴射液的 壓力（噴嘴上游側壓力）設定在8MPa (儀器計測壓’噴 流的流速80 m/秒），將被噴射容器内的壓力（噴嘴下游 -24- 201009165 側壓力）設定在〇.4MPa (儀器計測壓），進行單次（one pass)處理。此外，使用濃度爲3重量％的紙漿懸濁液當 作噴射液，對於容器内的紙漿懸濁液（濃度爲3重量％ ) 實施氣穴現象處理，將加拿大標準濾水度設定爲43 5ml， 製造出原料A。從原料A以及中層原料B(係將闊葉樹漂 白牛皮紙紙漿的紙漿薄片在低濃度製紙漿機進行解離，加 拿大標準濾水度設定爲5 00ml者）來製造面紙。將抄紙出 來的面紙的單位面積重量調節爲16.6 g/m2。 〔比較例1〕 對於上層及下層的原料，以雙碟式磨碎機進行打漿處 理來取代實施氣穴現象處理，將加拿大標準濾水度設定爲 4 7 0ml，製造出原料C。從原料c以及中層原料B來製造 出面紙。將抄紙出來的面紙的單位面積重量調節爲16.6 g/m 〇 〔表1〕 實施例1 比較例1 手觸感 △ △ 蓬鬆度（mm/10層） 0.88 0.91 拉伸強度（g) 263 214 如表1所示，實施例1與比較例1進行比較時，手觸 感雖然是同等程度，但是實施例i較之比較例1的拉伸強 度提高約2 0 %。實施例1較之比較例1的強度也大幅地提 25- 201009165 昇’而蓬鬆度才稍微降低一點。 〔實施例2〕 對於上層及下層的原料施予與實施例1相同的處理， 將加拿大標準濾水度設定爲420ml，製造出原料D。在原 料D以及中層原料B中添加入濕潤紙力增強劑〇. 1 % (相 對於絕對乾燥紙漿重量）來製造面紙。將抄紙出來的面紙 的單位面積重量調節爲13.Og/m2。 〔比較例2〕 對於上層及下層的原料'施予與比較例1相同的處理， 將加拿大標準濾水度設定爲410ml，製造出原料E。在原 料E以及中層原料B中添加入濕潤紙力增強劑0.1 % (相 對於絕對乾燥紙漿重量）來製造面紙。將抄紙出來的面紙 的單位面積重量調節爲13.0 g/m2。 〔表2〕 實施例2 比較例2 手觸感 ◎ 〇 蓬鬆度（mm/1 0層） 0.78 0.73 拉伸強度（g) 155 160 如表2所示，實施例2係較之比較例2的手觸感更良 好，拉伸強度則近乎同等程度。此外，實施例2係較之比 較例2的蓬鬆度提昇約7%。 -26- 201009165 〔實施例3〕 對於上層及下層的原料，使用氣穴現象噴流 置（噴嘴口徑1.5mm)，將噴射液的壓力（噴嘴 力）設定爲8MPa (儀器計測壓，、噴流的流速 ，將被噴射容器内的壓力（噴嘴下游側壓力 0_4MPa (儀器計測壓），進行兩次（two pass ) 此之外，其餘都是進行與實施例1相同的處理， 標準濾水度設定爲3 90ml，來製造出原料F。在 及中層原料B中添加入濕潤紙力增強劑0.1 % ( 對乾燥紙漿重量）來製造面紙。將抄紙出來的面 面積重量調節爲15.1 g/m2。 〔比較例3〕 對於上層及下層的原料實施與比較例1相 • 將加拿大標準濾水度設定爲470ml來製造出原米 料G以及中層原料B中添加入濕潤紙力增強劑 對於絕對乾燥紙漿重量）來製造面紙。將抄紙d 的單位面積重量調節爲15.1 g/m2。 ，式處理裝 i上游側壓 80m/秒） )設定爲 處理•除 將加拿大 原料F以 相對於絕 紙的單位 的處理， G。在原 0.1% (相 來的面紙 〔表3〕 實施例3 比較例3 手觸感 ◎ 〇 蓬鬆度（mm/1 0層） 0.85 0.87 拉伸強度（g) 205 174 -27- 201009165 如表3所示，實施例3係較之比較例3的手觸感更良 好，拉伸強度高出約2 0 %。實施例3係較之比較例3的拉 伸強度大幅地提昇，但是蓬鬆度才稍微降低一點。 〔實施例4〕 使用具有高強度卻有手觸感不佳傾向的闊葉樹漂白牛 皮紙紙漿薄片（紙漿薄片的含水率約5 0重量％ (相對於絕 對乾燥紙漿重量））來作爲上層及下層的原料，除此之外 ，其他都進行與實施例1相同的處理，將加拿大標準濾水 度設定爲440ml來製造出原料Η。在原料Η以及中層原料 Β中添加入濕潤紙力增強劑〇. 1 % (相對於絕對乾燥紙漿重 量）來製造面紙。將抄紙出來的面紙的單位面積重量調節 爲 1 5 · 1 g/m2。 〔比較例4〕 _ 使用手觸感容易變好的闊葉樹漂白牛皮紙紙漿薄片（ 紙漿薄片的含水率約1〇重量％ (相對於絕對乾燥紙漿重量 ))來作爲上層及下層的原料，除此之外，其他都進行與 比較例1相同的處理，將加拿大標準濾水度設定爲480ml 來製造出原料I。在原料I以及中層原料B中添加入濕潤 紙力增強劑〇· 1 % (相對於絕對乾燥紙漿重量）來製造面 紙。將抄紙出來的面紙的單位面積重量調節爲15.1 g/m2 -28- 201009165 〔表4〕 實施例4 比較例4 手觸感 〇 〇 蓬鬆度（mm/1 0層） 0.79 0.84 拉伸強度（g) 247 177 如表4所示，使用了具有手觸感不佳傾向的闊葉樹漂 白牛皮紙紙漿的實施例4，與使用了手觸感容易變好的闊 葉樹漂白牛皮紙紙漿薄片的比較例4，兩者比較之下’手 觸感近乎同等程度。此外，實施例4係較之比較例4’拉 伸強度提昇約40%。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖是本發明的實施例所使用的氣穴現象噴流式處 • 理裝置的槪略圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 :試料槽 2 :噴嘴 3:氣穴現象噴流容器 4 :閥柱栗 5 :上游側壓力控制閥 6 :下游側壓力控制閥 -29- 201009165 7 :上游側壓力計 8 :下游側壓力計 9 :供水閥 1 〇 :循環閥 1 1 :排水閥 1 2 :溫度感應器 13 :攪拌器Pi-Pi Px is based on the fact that the number of cavitation phenomena σ can be expressed by two numbers of pressures on the upstream side of the nozzle and the pressure on the downstream side. Further, the pressures measured in the embodiments of the present invention are all measured by the instrument, and the number of cavitation phenomena σ in the present invention can be expressed by the following formula (3). [Expression 3] ο = ρ4/ρ3 (However, Ρ3: pressure on the upstream side of the nozzle (instrument measurement pressure), Ρ4: pressure on the downstream side of the nozzle (instrument measurement pressure)) The condition of the cavitation phenomenon in the present invention is as described above. The number of cavitation phenomena σ is preferably 0.001 or more and 0.5 or less, more preferably 0.003 or more and 0.2 or less, and particularly preferably 0.01 or more and 0.1 or less. When the number of cavitation phenomena σ is less than 0_ 〇〇1, the pressure difference between the cavitation bubble and the surrounding is very low, and the effect is smaller, which is smaller than 0.5. The pressure difference of the water flow is very low, and the cavitation phenomenon is difficult to occur. Further, when the ejection liquid is ejected through a nozzle or a restriction tube to cause cavitation, the pressure of the ejection liquid (pressure on the upstream side of the nozzle) is 60 MPa or more at an OIMPa (measured by the instrument) (instrument) The measurement pressure is preferably as follows, 〇.7 MPa (measured by the instrument) or 30 MPa (measured by the instrument); 2 MPa (measured by the instrument) 15 MPa or more (φ measured by the instrument). If the pressure on the upstream side of the nozzle is less than O.OIMPa (measured by the instrument), it is difficult to create a pressure difference between the pressure on the downstream side of the nozzle and the effect is small. Moreover, if the pressure on the upstream side of the nozzle is higher than 60 MPa (measured by the instrument), a special pump and pressure vessel must be used, and the energy consumed is large, so that the cost is disadvantageous and it is Pulp fibers are excessively damaged and are not suitable for use as papermaking materials. In addition, the pressure in the container (pressure on the downstream side of the nozzle) is preferably 0.05 MPa (measured by the instrument) or φ 2.6 MPa (measured by the instrument). The pressure is also applied to the downstream side by pressurizing the container for accommodating the sprayed liquid (pulp suspension), so that the pressure in the rupture zone of the cavitation bubble becomes high, and the pressure difference between the bubble and the surrounding becomes large. Therefore, the bubbles can be more violently broken, making the punching force larger. In addition, if the pressure inside the container becomes too high, the cavitation phenomenon itself becomes less likely to occur. Therefore, the pressure ratio between the pressure in the container and the pressure of the ejection liquid ((instrument measurement pressure) / (instrument measurement pressure)) is preferably in the range of 0.001 to 0.5. Further, the jet velocity of the jetting liquid is preferably in the range of from 1 m/sec to 200 m/sec in the range of -13 to 201009165, and more preferably in the range of from 20 m/sec to 100 m/sec. If the velocity of the jet is less than 1 m/sec, the pressure drop is small, and cavitation is difficult to occur, so the effect is weak. On the other hand, if the speed of the jet is larger than 200 m/sec, 'high pressure is required', so a special device must be used, which is disadvantageous in terms of cost. The cavitation treatment in the present invention can be selected in any container such as a water tank or in a pipe, but is not limited thereto. In addition, although it can be handled by a one-pass method, it can be more effective by circulating it several times. In addition, a plurality of cavitation generation means can be used to perform processing in a side-by-side manner or in a tandem manner. The jet used to cause cavitation, although it is also possible to produce a jet in the open-air container of the pulper, in order to control the cavitation, it is preferable to generate a jet in the pressure vessel. . In the present invention, for example, a method of generating a cavitation phenomenon by using a liquid jet is a pulp suspension, for example, distilled water, tap water, industrial water, recycled water recovered in a papermaking process, water-squeezed pulp, and The running water, the pulp suspension, the alcohol, and the like are sprayed as the ejection liquid, but are not limited thereto. It is preferable to spray the pulp suspension itself as a spray liquid. In addition to the effect of the cavitation phenomenon occurring around the jet, the hydrodynamic shear of the high pressure jet from the restriction orifice can be obtained. Force' can therefore play a greater role. Further, when a pulp suspension is used as the ejection liquid, all the amount of pulp to be treated may be circulated and processed. 201009165 From the viewpoint of bubble generation efficiency by using a liquid jet to generate cavitation for processing, the solid concentration of the object to be treated is preferably 5% by weight or less, and 3% by weight is 0.1 to 1.5% by weight. The best range. Further, the pH of the pulp suspension at the time of the treatment is preferably, pH 3 to 12 is more preferable, and pH 4 to 1 is particularly preferable. If the pH is used, the corrosion of the device will become a problem, and it is disadvantageous based on the material and the zero point. On the other hand, if the pH exceeds 13, the pulp fiber turns yellow, thereby lowering the whiteness. The practice of maintaining the alkaline condition is good for the pulp fiber because it is preferable to increase the amount of OH active radical formation. The present invention increases the flow rate by increasing the ejection pressure of the liquid, thereby producing a more powerful cavitation. Further, by pressurizing the container of the ejection liquid, the air bubbles of the cavitation phenomenon are broken. • The pressure becomes high, and since the pressure difference between the air bubble and the surroundings becomes large, the rupture force is severely broken and the squeezing force is also increased. The term "" refers to a liquid that is ejected from a restricted orifice at a high pressure, and "" refers to a liquid that is injected into a container or a pipe. The amount of gas in the cavitation liquid is affected. When the gas is too much, the bubbles and the bubbles collide with each other and merge into one. Therefore, the amount of damage will be absorbed by other bubbles, resulting in a buffering effect and weakening. Therefore, since the dissolved gas and vapor pressure are affected, the treatment temperature must be below the melting point. If the liquid is in the case, the slurry suspension is better, and the pH1~1 3 does not reach 1%, which will make the bubbles which are not suitable for the swelling property to be more suitable for the contained area. The sprayed liquid is affected by the phenomenon of the sprayed liquid, and will cause the impact force to be caused by the splitting force. Therefore, in the case of water as the medium of -15-201009165, the treatment temperature is preferably selected in the range of 〇~80°c, more preferably When the range of 10 ° c to 60 ° C is selected, a high effect can be obtained. It is generally considered that the treatment temperature is selected at the intermediate point between the melting point and the boiling point, and the punching force tends to be the largest. Therefore, in the case of an aqueous solution, it is most suitable before and after 50 ° C, but even below 50 ° C. The temperature is also not affected by the vapor pressure, so that a high effect can be obtained as long as it is within the above range. If the temperature is higher than 80 ° C, the pressure resistance of the pressure vessel used to generate cavitation will be significantly reduced, and the container is easily damaged and is not suitable. In the present invention, by adding a substance such as a surfactant which lowers the surface tension of the liquid, the energy required for generating cavitation can be reduced. The substance to be added may be a known or novel surfactant, and examples thereof include a fatty acid salt, a higher alkyl sulfate, an alkyl benzoate, a higher alcohol, an alkyl phenol, a fatty acid or the like. A nonionic surfactant such as an oxyalkylene additive, an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, or an organic solvent, but not limited to these surfactants. It may also be composed of a single component of these surfactants or a mixture of two or more components. The amount of addition may be any amount required to reduce the surface tension of the sprayed liquid and/or the liquid to be sprayed. In addition, as for the place to be added, it may be any one of the processes ahead of the place where cavitation occurs, but if the liquid is to be recycled, even if cavitation is generated It is no problem to add the place after the phenomenon. In the present invention, the blending ratio (content) of the pulp of -16-201009165 after the cavitation treatment is performed is not particularly limited, but the higher the blending ratio, the higher the strength is obtained. Soft home with thin leaf paper. From this point of view, the blending ratio (content) of the pulp after the cavitation treatment is preferably 5% to 100% by weight, more preferably 60 to 100% by weight, based on the absolute dry weight of the whole pulp. Very good. If the blending ratio is less than 5% by weight, the softness and hand touch are not changed, and the strength cannot be improved. φ The household leaf tissue is composed of a single layer or a plurality of layers. However, the single layer or the plurality of layers may be separately subjected to papermaking by cavitation treatment, or may be mixed with two or more cavitation processes. Papermaking, in addition, it is also possible to carry out papermaking after mixing the conventional soft muddy pulp, dry pulp, and deinked pulp (DIP) in the pulp after the cavitation treatment. In the case where two sheets of household leaf paper composed of a plurality of layers are stacked and laminated, if the layer containing the cavitation-treated pulp is placed on the outside to be overlapped, since the layer touched by the hand is the content φ cavitation treats this layer of pulp, so it can further improve the feel of the hand. Moreover, the lamination containing the cavitation-treated pulp is attached to the Yanji dryer for drying, and the face is disposed on the outer side of the two overlapping household thin-leaf papers, which further enhances the hand touch. sense. Further, as the cavitation treatment pulp other than the pulp, for example, chemical pulp (bleached kraft pulp (NBKP) of conifer or unbleached kraft pulp (NUKP) 'bleached kraft pulp (LBKP) of broadleaf tree) or unbleached kraft paper can be used. Pulp (LUKP), etc., mechanical pulp (grinded wood pulp (GP), mechanical finely ground pulp (RGP), thermomechanical -17- 201009165 treated pulp (ΤΜΡ), chemical thermomechanical treatment of pulp (CTMP), etc.) Pulp such as ink pulp (DIP) is used in any ratio. The pulp which has been subjected to cavitation treatment is subjected to pulp which promotes the external fibrillation, but in some cases, pulp having scaly outer fibrils can also be obtained, which will be described below. According to the work of Mr. Isobe (Isobe Ming, "Material Chemistry of Cellulose"; The University of Tokyo Press, p68, published in 2001), the so-called "paper-pulp beating" refers to the application of machinery for pulp fibers in a hydrated state. The scratching stress creates voids (internal fibrillation) between the microfibrils inside the pulp fibers, causing the fibrils on the outer side of the pulp fibers to fluff (external fibrillation) to increase the specific surface area. In order to enhance the swellability of the pulp fiber to water, the fiber is partially cut and the fine fiber of the outer peripheral surface of the fiber is peeled off. By the pulping treatment of the pulp, the bonding area between the fibers formed during papermaking will increase, and various mechanical properties, optical properties, and liquid absorbability © will change. However, if the pulp fibers are observed on the basis of the molecular size, the molecular weight of the cellulose is only slightly lowered during the beating treatment, and the degree of crystallization is hardly changed. This is considered to be because the amorphous hemicellulose portion is capable of absorbing mechanical energy like a cushioned cushion. In addition, according to the work of Mr. Shijiji, etc. (the organization of wood by the island, etc.), Mori Press, p. 55, published in 1976, the external original observed from the wood pulp after beating in the general method. Fiber, -18- 201009165 is a filament-like structure having a width of 0.4 to 1 μm observed by an optical microscope. The term "microfibril" means a structural unit of the element existing in the cell wall. An aggregate of cellulose molecules having a width of about 9 to 37 nm. In the pulp of the outer fibrils having a scaly form used in the present invention, the term "external fibrils having a characteristic scaly form" means a width of 3 μηι or more, preferably The surface of the fiber is peeled off or pulverized to the same extent as the width of the pulp fiber, and the microfibrils are connected in the lateral direction to form an aggregate, which becomes a layer having a large width, that is, a surface of the fiber wall. The microfibrils are kept in a layered state to cause peeling. Further, the range in which the thickness is from nm2μηι from 9 nm is also characteristic. In addition, when observing the fiber by an electron microscope, it is preferable to carry out the measurement in a dry state in which hydrogen bonding is prevented, because if the fiber is simply dried, the external fibril is adsorbed due to capillary action. It is difficult to discriminate into the surface of the fiber, and it is difficult to observe the fibril very accurately. • The scaly outer fibrils of the present invention are characterized by being dyed with a high molecular weight dye having a molecular weight of 10,000 or more. That is, the outer fibril means a microfibril aggregate which can adsorb a high molecular weight dye having a molecular weight of 10,000 or more. As for the dye having a molecular weight of 10,000 or more, for example, the literature of Simon et al. (fl Simons, Tappi, 33 (7), 312 (1950)), and the literature of Xiaochun et al. (γ. Xiaochun et al., Tappi Journal, 78(6), 1 75 (1 995 ) · ) is a suitable species of Direct Orange 15 (old Color Index (Cl) n0, 621, or contains ci Constitution no. 40002 ～ ～ ～ ～ ～ ～ ～ ～ ～ ～ 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 The dye having a molecular weight of 10,000 or more is described by the literature of Xiaochun et al., and it is known that the molecule having a hydrodynamic size of 5 nm or more cannot be infiltrated into the surface of the pulp fiber by light scattering measurement. 5nm pores. On the other hand, the fibrils composed of the aggregate of microfibrils on the surface of the pulp fibers are exposed on the outer side of the pulp fibers. Therefore, the dye molecules having a molecular weight of 10,000 or more are easily accessible, so that they can be adsorbed. The fibril portion can be selectively dyed. In order to observe optically specifically for the fibril portion, Direct Blue 1 (old Color Index (CI) no. 518, or CI Constitution no. 24410) or Direct Blue 4 is used in the manner described in the aforementioned documents. Low-molecular dyes such as Direct Blue. 15, Direct Blue 22, and Direct Blue 151 dye the entire fiber to enhance contrast and make it easier to observe. Although a low molecular dye is adsorbed on the entire fiber, the dye of the polymer is more strongly adsorbed, so that the low molecular dye can be replaced. As a result, the fibril portion of the adsorbable polymer dye (citrus dye) is dyed orange, and the pore portion of the fiber which cannot adsorb the polymer dye can be dyed by the low molecular dye (blue dye), so that it can be The fibril portion is especially highlighted. As for the low molecular dye, the dye contains: a molecular weight of less than 10,000, preferably a molecular weight of less than 2,000, more preferably a molecular weight of 300 to 1500, and a molecular weight of 51% to 201009165. In the pulp having scaly outer fibrils of the present invention, when the fibers are measured in units of roots, the area ratio of the outer fibril portion expressed by the following formula 4 is 20% or more, and the following formula 5 The peripheral length of the outer fibril portion to be represented is preferably 1_5 or more. When the scale-like outer fibrils of the paper of the present invention are compared with ordinary fibrils, the surface area is large, and therefore these numbers are also increased. φ Area ratio (%) of the outer fibril portion = [(area of the outer fibril portion) / (area of the outer fibril portion + total surface area of the pulp fiber)] xl0° (Expression 4) Around the outer fibril portion Length = (the circumference of the outer fibril portion + the total circumference of the pulp fiber) / (the total circumference of the pulp fiber) (Expression 5) [Action] φ The paper containing the pulp treated by cavitation The reason why the feel and strength of the hand become excellent is considered to be the following reason. In general, in the case of high loft (low density) and a smooth surface, the hand touch of the tissue can be improved. However, as described above, the pulp treated by the cavitation phenomenon is a pulp which is particularly enhanced by the external fibrillation. In other words, as described in WO2006/085598, since it is possible to maintain the rigidity of the fiber and promote the external fibrillation, it is compared with the conventional mechanical treatment such as a two-disc grinder. If the pulp is blended into the same degree of fluffiness - 21 - 201009165, the paper strength is improved. If the pulp is blended to the same strength, the fluffiness of the paper becomes higher. Further, if the pulp treated by the cavitation phenomenon is used, the smooth surface of the metal roller or the like can be easily transferred to the paper surface, so that the paper is easily smoothed. For these reasons, the facial tissue containing the pulp treated by cavitation is considered to have excellent hand touch and strength. [Examples] Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described by way of Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited to such Examples. Further, % shown in the examples and comparative examples means: % by weight unless otherwise specified. The pulp prepared in the following examples and comparative examples was subjected to papermaking using a two-line three-layer Yankee paper machine. Wrinkles are caused by dry wrinkles in the paper by taking the difference in speed between the dryer and the reel. If it is not specifically stated, the two sides of the face paper (YD face) that is in contact with the Yankee dryer are facing outward (the side that touches the user's hand), and the two are overlapped. After the two sheets facing each other are laminated together, they are contacted with the Yankee dryer, and then the dried surface is calendered by a soft calender. The pulp, whether in the case of the examples or the comparative examples, is produced by using a Japanese-made hardwood chip in a kraft pulp process, and the bleached Hanting whiteness (brightness by Hunter) is 84% of broadleaf tree bleached paper. Further, the evaluation methods used in the examples and comparative examples are as follows. -22- 201009165 <Hand touch> Entrusted 〇 〇 evaluator to judge the touch of the hand and the feeling of the skin. It is expressed in the following different ways. Very good: ◎, good: ◦, ordinary: △, poor · · x < Determination of tensile strength (longitudinal) > φ tensile strength: in the MD direction, CD direction, the sample is cut into 15mm width The tensile strength in each direction is measured by a single layer (丨ply), and the number calculated using the following formula is regarded as tensile strength, tensile strength (g) = (MD tensile strength xCD pull) Stretching strength) 1/2 <Measurement of bulkiness> The thickness (mm) of the paper when the sample was overlapped by 10 layers was regarded as φ bulkiness. <Measurement of unit area weight> The measurement was carried out in accordance with Japanese Industrial Standard JIS P 8124: 1998 (ISO 536: 1995). <Adjustment of cavitation treatment pulp> The cavitation treatment was carried out by using the cavitation jet flow treatment device shown in Fig. 1. In the first drawing, the sample tank 1 contains a -23-201009165 pulp suspension (concentration: 1.1%) (not shown), and the temperature sensor 12 and the agitator 13 are inserted into the sample tank 1. The pulp suspension of the sample tank 1 is introduced into the cavitation flow container 3 as a spray liquid by a predetermined pipe through which the spool pump 4 is interposed. A nozzle 2 is provided at a lower portion of the cavitation jet container 3, and more specifically, the pulp suspension of the sample tank 1 is ejected from the nozzle 2 into the jet container 3. Further, a water supply valve 9 and a circulation valve 10 are provided in a pipe from the side portion of the sample tank 1 toward the jet flow container 3, and the pulp suspension in the sample tank 1 is supplied as the liquid to be sprayed into the jet flow container 3. On the other pipe from the side of the sample tank 1 toward the nozzle 2, an upstream side pressure control valve 5 is interposed. Further, on the other pipe from the upper portion of the jet flow container 3 toward the sample tank 1, a downstream side pressure control valve 6 is interposed, and by adjusting the respective pressure control valves 5, 6, the feed to the nozzle 2 can be adjusted. The spray pressure of the pulp suspension. Further, an upstream side pressure gauge 7 is provided on the input side of the nozzle 2, and a downstream side pressure gauge 8 is provided on the upper side of the jet flow container 3. Further, a drain valve 11 is provided at the lower portion of the jet container 3.实施 [Example 1] The raw materials of the upper layer and the lower layer among the three layers were prepared in the following manner. The pulp sheet of the hardwood bleached kraft pulp is dissociated in a low-concentration pulping machine, and after adjusting to a desired concentration, the cavitation jet processing device (nozzle diameter: 1.5 mm) shown in Fig. 1 is used to spray the liquid. The pressure (pressure on the upstream side of the nozzle) is set at 8 MPa (the flow rate of the jet pressure of the instrument is 80 m/sec), and the pressure in the sprayed container (pressure downstream of the nozzle -24-201009165 side) is set at 〇.4 MPa (instrument measurement) Press) to perform one pass processing. In addition, a pulp suspension having a concentration of 3% by weight was used as a spray liquid, and a cavitation treatment was carried out on the pulp suspension (concentration: 3% by weight) in the container, and the Canadian standard water filtration degree was set to 43 5 ml. Raw material A was produced. The paper was produced from the raw material A and the intermediate raw material B (the pulp sheet of the broad-leaved bleached white kraft pulp was disintegrated in a low-concentration pulping machine, and the standard water filtration degree was set to 500 ml). The basis weight of the paper from the paper was adjusted to 16.6 g/m2. [Comparative Example 1] The raw materials of the upper layer and the lower layer were subjected to a beating treatment by a two-disc grinder instead of the cavitation treatment, and the Canadian standard water filtration degree was set to 470 ml to prepare a raw material C. A facial tissue is produced from the raw material c and the intermediate raw material B. The basis weight of the paper which was paper-cut was adjusted to 16.6 g/m 〇 [Table 1] Example 1 Comparative Example 1 Hand touch △ △ Bulkness (mm/10 layer) 0.88 0.91 Tensile strength (g) 263 214 As shown in Table 1, when the first embodiment was compared with the comparative example 1, the hand touch was the same, but the tensile strength of the example i was improved by about 20% compared with the comparative example 1. The strength of Example 1 was also significantly higher than that of Comparative Example 1 by 25-201009165 liters, and the bulkiness was slightly lowered. [Example 2] The same treatment as in Example 1 was applied to the raw materials of the upper layer and the lower layer, and the standard water filtration degree of Canada was set to 420 ml to prepare a raw material D. A dough paper strength additive 〇. 1 % (relative to the absolute dry pulp weight) was added to the raw material D and the intermediate material B to produce a facial tissue. The basis weight of the paper which was taken out of paper was adjusted to 13.0 g/m2. [Comparative Example 2] The same treatment as in Comparative Example 1 was carried out for the raw materials of the upper layer and the lower layer, and the Canadian standard water filtration degree was set to 410 ml to produce the raw material E. To the raw material E and the intermediate material B, 0.1% of the wet paper strength enhancer (relative to the absolute dry pulp weight) was added to produce a facial tissue. The basis weight of the paper which was taken out of paper was adjusted to 13.0 g/m2. [Table 2] Example 2 Comparative Example 2 Hand touch ◎ 〇 〇 ( (mm/10 layer) 0.78 0.73 Tensile strength (g) 155 160 As shown in Table 2, Example 2 is compared with Comparative Example 2 The hand feels better and the tensile strength is almost the same. Further, Example 2 was improved by about 7% as compared with Comparative Example 2. -26- 201009165 [Example 3] For the raw materials of the upper layer and the lower layer, a cavitation jet was used (nozzle diameter: 1.5 mm), and the pressure (nozzle force) of the ejection liquid was set to 8 MPa (instrument measurement pressure, flow velocity of the jet flow) The pressure in the container to be sprayed (the pressure on the downstream side of the nozzle is 0_4 MPa (measured by the instrument), and the same process as in the first embodiment is performed. The standard degree of filtration is set to 3 90 ml to produce the raw material F. 0.1% (dry pulp weight) was added to the middle layer raw material B to prepare the facial paper. The surface area weight of the papermaking was adjusted to 15.1 g/m2. Example 3] The raw materials of the upper layer and the lower layer were compared with the comparative example 1 • The Canadian standard water filtration degree was set to 470 ml to produce the raw rice material G and the middle layer material B was added with the wet paper strength enhancer for the absolute dry pulp weight) To make facial tissue. Adjust the weight per unit area of paper d to 15.1 g/m2. The upstream side pressure of the processing device is 80 m/sec.)) Set to handle • In addition to the Canadian raw material F relative to the paper. Bit processing, G. In the original 0.1% (compared facial tissue [Table 3] Example 3 Comparative Example 3 Hand touch ◎ 〇 〇 〇 (mm / 10 layer) 0.85 0.87 Tensile strength (g) 205 174 -27- 201009165 as Table 3 As shown, Example 3 has a better hand feel than Comparative Example 3, and the tensile strength is higher than about 20%. Example 3 is greatly improved in tensile strength compared to Comparative Example 3, but the bulkiness is [Example 4] A broad-leaved bleached kraft pulp sheet having a high strength but a low hand feel (the moisture content of the pulp sheet is about 50% by weight (relative to the absolute dry pulp weight)) is used as the upper layer. In addition to the raw materials of the lower layer, the same treatment as in Example 1 was carried out, and the standard water filtration rate of Canada was set to 440 ml to produce a raw material crucible. The addition of wet paper force to the raw material crucible and the intermediate raw material crucible was enhanced. 〇 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 Good broadleaf tree bleached kraft pulp (The moisture content of the pulp sheet was about 1% by weight (relative to the absolute dry pulp weight)), and the same treatment as in Comparative Example 1 was carried out except for the raw material of the upper layer and the lower layer, and the Canadian standard water filtration rate was used. The raw material I was set to 480 ml, and the wet paper strength enhancer 〇·1% (relative to the absolute dry pulp weight) was added to the raw material I and the intermediate raw material B to produce a facial tissue. The weight adjustment was 15.1 g/m2 -28- 201009165 [Table 4] Example 4 Comparative Example 4 Hand touch sensation loft (mm/10 layer) 0.79 0.84 Tensile strength (g) 247 177 As shown in Table 4 Example 4 using a broad-leaved bleached kraft pulp having a tendency to feel poorly in hand, and Comparative Example 4 using a broad-leaved bleached kraft pulp sheet having a hand-feeling tendency, which is close to the hand. In addition, Example 4 is about 40% higher than the tensile strength of Comparative Example 4'. [Simplified Schematic Description] Fig. 1 is a cavitation jet type treatment device used in an embodiment of the present invention. Sketch [Main component symbol description] 1 : Sample tank 2: Nozzle 3: Cavitation phenomenon Jet container 4: Valve column 5: Upstream pressure control valve 6: Downstream pressure control valve -29- 201009165 7 : Upstream pressure gauge 8: downstream side pressure gauge 9: water supply valve 1 〇: circulation valve 1 1 : drain valve 1 2 : temperature sensor 13 : agitator
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