201007535 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是有關於一種適用於觸控感應装置之電容電荷 補償方法’特別是指一種可將陣列式電容觸控按鍵所形成 的充電電位場達到一致性(uniform)之補償方法。 ❹ 【先前技術】 觸控螢幕(Touch panel)又稱為觸控面板，是個可接收觸 .頭(無論是手指或膠筆尖等)等輸入訊號的感應式液晶顯示裝 置，當接觸了螢幕上的圖形按紐時，榮幕上的觸覺反饋系 統可根據預先編程的程式驅動各種連結裝置，可用以取代 機械式的按鈕面板，並藉由液晶顯示晝面製造出生動的影 音效果。 _ 簡單地說，觸控螢幕指一種可觸控式的螢幕，通常是 在半反射式液晶面板上覆蓋一層壓力板，其對壓力有高敏 感度，當物體施壓於其上時會有電流訊號產生以定出壓力 源位置，並可動態追蹤。觸控螢幕的用途非常廣泛，從常 見的PDA、提款機、到工業用的觸控電腦，因為觸控螢幕 為親切且生動的人機介面。 在目前市場上，觸控螢幕製作技術種類大致可分為四 類：1.電阻式(resistive)、2.電容式(capacitive)、3.聲波式 (acoustic)及4.紅外線式(边如^ rays)。而電容式觸控螢幕可 5 201007535 ' 再細分輕場運#式電容難及_錢容觸控榮幕 . 兩種。 簡略地說，陣列式電容式觸控榮幕的應用需由一觸控 ； 面板(Touch Panel)、一控制器(T〇uch c〇ntr〇ller)電路及一軟 體驅動程式(Utility)等三部分來說明。 如第la騎示，關鱗列式電容式觸控螢幕之觸控 面板外觀示意圖’陣赋電容觸控·丨在對—感測板 ❹ n(亦稱之為觸控面板Xsensor panel)進行偵測時，其偵測的 電氣特性會隨著-陣列電容板(圖中未示)所儲存的能量變化 而變化。 承上，如第lb圖所示，此圖為陣列式電容式觸控螢幕 之感測板11之結構示意圖。由第圖可知，該感測板n 所構成係為:在一透明玻璃1U表面鍍上一層氧化銦錫 112(IT0 layer)及以二氧化矽(Si〇2)作為一保護膜U3(Hard $ Coat Layer) ’而與液晶銀幕(LCD M〇nit〇r)間則需作防電子 訊號干擾處理(Shielded Layer)，而在該透明玻璃111之下則 為以陣列形式所設置之薄膜電晶體UWXFT)。 如第2a圖所示，此圖為陣列式電容式觸控螢幕之内部 電路’在此陣列式電容式觸控螢幕之感測板於初始掃描狀 態下’亦即’人與觸控面板沒有接觸時，對於每一氧化銦 錫上相應連接的每一 X轴及每一 γ轴按鍵(pad)是同電位 的還需了解地’如第2b圖所示，對於每一 X轴及每一 γ 201007535 ' 軸按鍵進行充放電過程中，需由相應地連接一等效電容Cp - 來進行。 在此陣列式電容式觸控螢幕之感測板於偵測狀態下， 當人與觸控面板接觸時，人體内的靜電流入地面而產生微 弱電流通過。檢測電極依電流值變化，可以算出接觸的χ 軸及Υ軸座標位置。 不幸地是，在現有的陣列式電容式觸控螢幕中若用 ® ΙΤΟ進行電氣變化的判斷，會因ΙΤΟ電阻值隨著ΙΤ〇佈線201007535 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a capacitive charge compensation method suitable for a touch sensing device, in particular, a charging potential field formed by an array capacitive touch button Consistency (uniform) compensation method. ❹ [Prior Art] Touch panel, also known as touch panel, is an inductive liquid crystal display device that can receive input signals such as a finger or a glue tip, when touched on the screen. When the graphics button is pressed, the haptic feedback system on the screen can be used to drive various link devices according to a pre-programmed program. It can be used to replace the mechanical button panel and create a live-action audio and video effect through the liquid crystal display. _ In a nutshell, a touch screen is a touch-sensitive screen. It is usually covered with a pressure plate on a semi-reflective LCD panel. It is highly sensitive to pressure and has a current when an object is pressed against it. Signals are generated to determine the location of the pressure source and can be dynamically tracked. Touch screens are used in a wide range of applications, from PDAs and cash machines to industrial touch screens, because touch screens are an intimate and vivid human interface. In the current market, the types of touch screen production technology can be roughly divided into four categories: 1. resistive, capacitive, 3. acoustic, and infrared. Ray). Capacitive touch screen can be 5 201007535 ' Subdivided light field transport # capacitors difficult _ Qian Rong touch Rong screen. Two. Briefly speaking, the application of the array capacitive touch screen requires a touch; a panel (Touch Panel), a controller (T〇uch c〇ntr〇ller) circuit and a software driver (Utility). Part to illustrate. For example, the first la riding, the appearance of the touch panel of the closed scale capacitive touch screen, the array of capacitive touches, the pair of sensing panels, the sensing panel, and the sensing panel, During the measurement, the electrical characteristics detected will vary with the energy stored in the array capacitor plate (not shown). As shown in Fig. 1b, this figure is a schematic structural view of the sensing board 11 of the array type capacitive touch screen. As can be seen from the figure, the sensing plate n is formed by coating a surface of a transparent glass 1U with an indium tin oxide 112 (IT0 layer) and a germanium dioxide (Si〇2) as a protective film U3 (Hard $ Coat Layer) 'And the LCD screen (LCD M〇nit〇r) needs to be protected by an electronic signal Shielded Layer, and under the transparent glass 111 is a thin film transistor UWXFT arranged in an array. ). As shown in Figure 2a, this figure shows the internal circuit of the array capacitive touch screen. 'The sensor board of the array capacitive touch screen is in the initial scanning state', that is, the person does not touch the touch panel. At the same time, for each X-axis and each γ-axis pad (pad) of each indium tin oxide is the same potential, as shown in Figure 2b, for each X-axis and each γ 201007535 ' During the charging and discharging of the axis keys, it is necessary to connect an equivalent capacitor Cp - accordingly. In the detection state of the array type capacitive touch screen, when a person is in contact with the touch panel, static electricity in the human body flows into the ground to generate a weak current. The detection electrode changes according to the current value, and the position of the χ axis and the Υ axis coordinate of the contact can be calculated. Unfortunately, in the existing array capacitive touch screen, if the electrical change is judged by using ® ΙΤΟ, the resistance value will follow the ΙΤ〇 wiring.
越長使得其電阻過大而導致感應電容電位位準越小，因為 所造成的串聯等效阻抗越大，如第3a圖及第3b圖所示。該 等圖式說明當串聯等效阻抗越大時，則感應電容電位位準 越小，於第3a圖中，A按鍵、B按鍵、C按鍵及D按鍵朝 X軸(由右至左算起)由近至遠設置。明顯地，於最遠處之D 按鍵，由於電阻過大而導致D按鍵之感應電容電位位準最 小。 傷 其次ITO在薄膜電晶體進行成膜時，也常因製程飄移 (Drift Phenomenon)而導致ITO佈線距離越遠的電容按鍵與 距離越近的電容按鍵靈敏度將有所落差，在產品上容易導 致觸控螢幕上的電容按鍵過靈敏度或是靈敏度不佳等問 題。 未經電流補償的陣列式電容觸控螢幕至少具有下列缺 201007535 1.在陣列 均 式電容觸控螢幕上的魏式按鍵靈敏度不 2. 陣列式電容觸控螢幕因所使__會因使用 寸大小不同，會對於縱向座標(γ她鍵充電的電 3. ΙΤΟ鍍膜製程必需掌_確，但需高 的設備太貴相素，有—定的_度。 ❹ 因此，針對觸控螢幕上按鍵充電的電位不均的問題， 如能提供-種_絲之電容電制針域_控瑩幕 上按鍵充電的電位場達到—致性，應是迫切需要的。 【發明内容】 聽提供-種觸㈣幕之電容鶴爾 榮含一電容電荷補償裝置之-陣列式觸控 榮幕之電路為纽朗。首先，纽電容電制償裝 用-初次縣妨校均作，抑卩修 標(X轴则脈波個_該等X軸所相對 軸)進打權重_ ’崎調縣—_ χ财向之等效電容 充電_4，讓此__域幕 的充電電場相當且和。 錢讀鍵瓜成 根據上述目的，本發明係提供一 :=:Γ法，其中該觸控感應裝置= 螢幕，該觸控螢幕至少i表技Μ A>r 、 乂連接於M x N個等效電容，Μ為每 δ 201007535 一 x 效電上鱗效電容數量，N為每—γ祕標上的等 容電荷補償方、、m螢幕進人—掃描動作後’執行該電 賞方去，而該電容電荷補償方法包含下列步驟： 電；針對X軸方向上其中一列的M個該等效電容進行充 收w觸躺各W分別接 =分別儲存每一 γ轴之_等效電容的電位； 位母—γ軸上—具有最低電位之等效電容之電 比對該γ辦錄粒電容之触分別進行 係;、取得該γ軸中各等效電容所對應之電位比例關 以及 (e)依該等電位比侧係來難該脈波信號之充電時間； (0重覆步驟⑻至步驟(e)，直 等效電容之電位達到均等。 β 【實施方式】 方去^提出種適用於觸控感應裝置之電容電荷補償 ==觸控感應装置包含-觸控榮幕。請參閱第4 ^本案之―_錢料難螢幕(町_觸控螢 幕)之内部電_。細控絲&至少連接於Μα個等效 201007535 電令’ M為每一 X軸座標上的等效電容數1：，N為每- Υ •軸座標上的等效電容數量。第5 _繪示該觸控感應裝置所 包含之一微控制器之電路圖。由第5圖可知，該微控制器5 : 係包含—時序控鮮元5卜-胁侧χ轴方向是否被觸 發之第一多工器52、-用於對等效電容進行充電之ΙΤ〇電 容器53、與該ΙΤΟ電容器電性連接的一積分電容器％、一 用於偵測Υ轴方向是否被觸發之第二多工H 55、-放大器 ❹ 56(amPllfler)、一類比對數位轉換器 57(anal〇g to digital converter，ADC)、一儲存χ轴之數位資料之第一資料記憶體 58、及一儲存γ軸之數位資料之第二資料記憶體％，其中 該第一資料記憶體與該第二資料記憶體可為隨機存取記憶 體(RAM)、可規化式唯讀記憶體(pR〇M)、可擦可規化式唯 讀記憶體(EPROM)、可單次規化式唯讀記憶體(〇TpR〇]v^、 快閃記憶體(Flash memory)、及可電擦可規化式唯讀記憶體 (EEPR0M)其中之一。 請參閱第6圖，並請一併參閱第4圖及第5圖，第6圖 係為本案之電容電荷補償方法之流程圖，其步驟如下： 使該觸控螢幕進入一面板掃描模式(步驟61); 對該觸控螢幕之面板特性進行按鍵掃描(步驟62); 對X軸發送信號，使用該ITO電容器53對X軸方向上 其中一列的Μ個等效電容進行充電(步驟63); 201007535 該已接收該脈波信號的x軸所對應的各γ軸八 •=積分電容器54進行積分後的—第^步驟 • 使用該放大器56來放大該第-積分信號(步驟沾）； 使用該類比對數位轉換器57將所放大的該第一積分信 號轉換成一第一數位信號(步驟66); 使用該第一資料記憶體58及該第二資料記憶體59分 W轉包含⑽及Y轴之數赠料之該第-數健號(步驟 67); 、取出每- Υ轴上-具有最低電位之等效電容之電位， 並將該電位與該Υ軸中其餘等效電容之電位分別進行比 對’以取得該Υ轴中各等效電容所對應之電位比例關係(步 驟 68；); 依該等電位比例關係來調整該脈波信號之充電時間(步 綠 69); 該已接收該脈波信號的X轴所對應的各γ轴分別接收 由該積分電容器54進行積分後的一第二積分信號(步驟 610); 使用該放大器56來放大該第二積分信號(步驟611); 使用該類比對數位轉換器57將所放大的該第二積分信 號轉換成一第二數位信號(步驟612); 清除第一次按鍵電位儲存補償後電位(步驟613);以及 11 201007535 味每—Y轴柏上之所有等效之顿是否達到 •均等(步驟614)’若均等，則進入步驟615之面㈣測模 式，否則回到步驟69。 ' 而該面板憤測模式之步驟如下. 對X軸發送信號’使肋ΙΤΌ電容^ 53*χ軸方向上 其中一列的Μ個等效電容進行充電(步驟71); 該已接收該脈波錢的X撕聰的各γ軸分別接收 ❹ 自該積分電容H 54崎積分後的—第三積分信號(步驟 72)； 使用該放大器56來放大該第三積分信號(步驟73); 使用該類比對數位轉換H 57將所放大賴第三積分信 號轉換成一第三數位信號(步驟74); 將各Y軸之各等效電容之電位分別與步驟64之均等電 位進行比較，當比較結果相同時，回到步驟615，而當比較 結果不相同時，則輸出該等效電容所對應之按鍵座標(步驟 _ 76)。 本案得由熟悉本技藝之人士任施匠思而為諸般修飾， 然皆不脫如附申請專利範圍所欲保護者。 【圖式簡單說明】 為使本發明之上述和其他目的、特徵、優點與實施例 能更明顯易懂，所附圖式之詳細說明如下： 12 201007535 電容式觸控螢幕之觸控面板外觀 第la圖係繪示陣列式 示意圖。 第1b圖鱗轉列錢容式觸控螢幕之制板之結構 示意圖。 $ 2a圖係續式電容式觸控螢幕之内部電路圖。 第2b圖係、喻示每一 X軸及每- Y軸按鍵與-等效電容 之連接電路圖。The longer the resistance is, the smaller the induced capacitance potential level is, because the resulting series equivalent impedance is larger, as shown in Figures 3a and 3b. These figures show that the smaller the series equivalent impedance, the smaller the level of the induced capacitance potential. In Figure 3a, the A button, the B button, the C button, and the D button are toward the X axis (from right to left). ) set from near to far. Obviously, at the farthest D button, the resistance level of the D button is the smallest due to the excessive resistance. When the ITO is film-formed in the thin film transistor, it is often caused by the drift of the process (Drift Phenomenon), and the closer the distance between the ITO wiring and the capacitor button is, the closer the sensitivity of the capacitive button will be, which may cause a touch on the product. Control the capacitive button on the screen to over-sensitivity or poor sensitivity. The array-capacitive touch screen without current compensation has at least the following lack of 201007535. 1. The sensitivity of the Wei-style button on the array-type capacitive touch screen is not 2. The array-type capacitive touch screen is caused by __ Different size, will be for the vertical coordinates (γ electric charge charging 3. The coating process must be _ sure, but the high equipment is too expensive, there is a certain _ degree. ❹ Therefore, for the touch screen button The problem of uneven potential charging, such as the ability to provide a kind of _ wire capacitor electric needle field _ control screen on the button to charge the potential field to achieve the stability, should be urgently needed. Touch (four) screen capacitance Heer Rong contains a capacitor charge compensation device - the array type touch screen circuit is New Zealand. First, the new capacitor electric system is used for reimbursement - the first county to prevent the school from doing the work The X-axis is the pulse wave _ these X-axis relative axis) into the weight _ 'Kasui County _ _ χ 向 之 equivalent capacitance charging _4, so that the __ field curtain charging electric field is quite and and. According to the above purpose, the present invention provides a:=:Γ method, wherein the touch Should be device = screen, the touch screen at least i meter technology A > r, 乂 connected to M x N equivalent capacitors, Μ for each δ 201007535 a x effect on the number of scale capacitors, N for each - γ secret The equal-charge charge compensator, the m screen enters the person--after the scanning action, the performer is performed, and the capacitor charge compensation method comprises the following steps: electricity; for the M in one of the X-axis directions The capacitors are charged and charged, and each of them is connected to each other. The potential of the equivalent capacitance of each gamma axis is stored separately. The potential of the equivalent capacitance of the lowest potential is stored on the bit mother-γ axis. The touch of the capacitor is separately performed; the potential ratio corresponding to each equivalent capacitor in the γ-axis is obtained, and (e) the charging time of the pulse signal is difficult depending on the equipotential ratio side; (0 repeat step (8) To step (e), the potential of the straight equivalent capacitor is equal. β [Embodiment] The capacitor charge compensation suitable for the touch sensing device is proposed. == The touch sensing device includes a touch screen. 4^ The internal power of the _ _ money difficult screen (machi _ touch screen) _. fine control & at least connected to Μα equivalent 201007535 ' ' M is the equivalent capacitance number on each X-axis coordinate 1:, N is the number of equivalent capacitance per Υ • axis coordinate. 5th _ A circuit diagram of a microcontroller included in the touch sensing device. As can be seen from FIG. 5, the microcontroller 5: includes a first multiplexer that is triggered by the timing control element 5 52. A tantalum capacitor 53 for charging an equivalent capacitor, an integral capacitor % electrically connected to the tantalum capacitor, and a second multiplex H 55 for detecting whether the x-axis direction is triggered. An amplifier ❹ 56 (amPllfler), a type of analog to digital converter 57 (anal 〇g to digital converter, ADC), a first data memory 58 storing digital data of the χ axis, and a digital data storing a γ axis The second data memory, wherein the first data memory and the second data memory are random access memory (RAM), regulatable read-only memory (pR〇M), erasable and regulatable Read-only memory (EPROM), single-regular read-only memory (〇TpR〇]v^, flash memory One of Flash memory and EEPROM-readable read-only memory (EEPR0M). Please refer to FIG. 6 and please refer to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 together. FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the capacitor charge compensation method of the present invention. The steps are as follows: The touch screen is entered into a panel scanning mode (steps) 61); performing a key scan on the panel characteristics of the touch screen (step 62); transmitting a signal to the X axis, using the ITO capacitor 53 to charge one of the equivalent capacitors in one of the X-axis directions (step 63); 201007535 The γ-axis corresponding to the x-axis corresponding to the pulse signal received by the octave is integrated with the integration capacitor 54. The second step is performed by using the amplifier 56 to amplify the first-integrated signal (step dip); The analog-to-digital converter 57 converts the amplified first integrated signal into a first digital signal (step 66); using the first data memory 58 and the second data memory 59 to divide the (10) and Y-axis The number of the number of the gift (step 67); taking out the potential of the equivalent capacitance of the lowest potential on each of the axes, and respectively separating the potential from the potential of the remaining equivalent capacitors in the axis Alignment 'to obtain the equivalent capacitance in the Υ axis a potential proportional relationship (step 68;); adjusting the charging time of the pulse wave signal according to the equipotential proportional relationship (step green 69); the γ axes corresponding to the X axis of the received pulse wave signal are respectively received by The integrating capacitor 54 performs a second integrated signal after integration (step 610); using the amplifier 56 to amplify the second integrated signal (step 611); using the analog-to-digital converter 57 to amplify the second integral Converting the signal into a second digit signal (step 612); clearing the first button potential to store the compensated potential (step 613); and 11 201007535 whether each equivalent of the flavor on the Y-axis is equal to or equal to (step 614) If 'equal, then go to the face (4) test mode of step 615, otherwise return to step 69. ' The steps of the panel inversion mode are as follows. Send a signal to the X axis to charge the equivalent capacitance of one of the columns in the direction of the rib capacitor ^ 53 * ( axis direction (step 71); Each of the γ axes of the X tearer receives a third integrated signal from the integral of the integral capacitance H 54 (step 72); using the amplifier 56 to amplify the third integrated signal (step 73); using the analogy The digital bit conversion H 57 converts the amplified third integrated signal into a third digital signal (step 74); compares the potentials of the respective equivalent capacitances of the respective Y axes with the equal potential of step 64, respectively, when the comparison result is the same Go back to step 615, and when the comparison result is not the same, the button coordinates corresponding to the equivalent capacitance are output (step _76). This case has been modified by people who are familiar with the art, and is not intended to be protected by the scope of the patent application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In order to make the above and other objects, features, advantages and embodiments of the present invention more obvious, the detailed description of the drawings is as follows: 12 201007535 Touch panel appearance of capacitive touch screen The la diagram shows an array schematic. Figure 1b shows the structure of the structure of the Qianrong touch screen. $ 2a is an internal circuit diagram of a continuous capacitive touch screen. Figure 2b shows the connection circuit diagram of each X-axis and each-Y-axis button and - equivalent capacitance.
第3a及第3b圖係緣示電容電位之充放電位準之波形 第4圖鱗示本案之電容電荷補償裝置之電路圖。 第5圖係、％示本案之—微控制器之電路圖。 第6圖係繪示本案之電容電荷補償方法之流程圖。 第7圖係繪示本案之面板偵測模式之流程圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1:陣列式電容觸控螢幕 11:感測板 110:薄膜電晶體 111:透明玻璃 112:氧化銦錫 113:保護膜 Cp:等效電容 5:微控制器 13 201007535 51:時序控制單元 52:第一多工器 53:ITO電容器 54:積分電容器 55:第二多工器 56:放大器 , 57:類比對數位轉換器 58:第一資料記憶體 59:第二資料記憶體 步驟61:面板掃描模式 步驟62:面板特性按鍵掃描 步驟63:對X軸發送信號 步驟64:Υ軸接收信號信號電位積分 步驟65:信號電位放大 步驛66:類比數位轉換 步驟67:每個按鍵電位儲存 步驟68:Υ轴單轴取最低按鍵電位與該軸各按鍵進行比對， 取出各按鍵比例並且儲存 步驟69:依各按鍵比例權重不同發送不同時間X軸信號 步驟610·.Υ軸接收信信號信號電位積分 步驟611:信號電位放大 步驟612:類比數位轉換 步驟613:清除第一次按鍵電位儲存補償後電位 201007535 步驟614:比較Y軸單軸上所有按鍵電位是否均等 . 步驟615:面板偵測模式 • 步驟71:對X軸發送信號 - 步驟72: Υ軸接收信信號信號電位積分 步驟73:信號電位放大 ' 步驟74類比數位轉換 步驟75:比較各軸各按鍵之電位與記憶體中的掃描電位是否 φ 相同 步驟76:輸出被觸摸按鍵座標 ❹ 15Figures 3a and 3b show the waveform of the charge and discharge level of the capacitor potential. Figure 4 shows the circuit diagram of the capacitor charge compensation device of this case. Figure 5 shows the circuit diagram of the microcontroller. Figure 6 is a flow chart showing the method of capacitor charge compensation in the present case. Figure 7 is a flow chart showing the panel detection mode of the present case. [Main component symbol description] 1: Array capacitive touch screen 11: Sense plate 110: Thin film transistor 111: Transparent glass 112: Indium tin oxide 113: Protective film Cp: Equivalent capacitance 5: Microcontroller 13 201007535 51 : Timing control unit 52: First multiplexer 53: ITO capacitor 54: Integral capacitor 55: Second multiplexer 56: Amplifier, 57: Analog-to-digital converter 58: First data memory 59: Second data memory Step 61: Panel scan mode Step 62: Panel characteristics Key scan Step 63: Send signal to X axis Step 64: Υ Axis receive signal signal Potential integration Step 65: Signal potential amplification step 66: Analog digital conversion step 67: Each Key potential storage step 68: The minimum key potential of the single axis is compared with the keys of the axis, and the scale of each key is taken out and stored. Step 69: Send different time X-axis signals according to different weights of each key. Step 610·. Receive signal signal signal potential integration step 611: signal potential amplification step 612: analog digital conversion step 613: clear the first key potential storage compensation potential 201007535 Step 614: compare all the button power on the Y axis single axis Step 615: Panel Detection Mode • Step 71: Send Signal to X-axis - Step 72: Υ Axis Receive Signal Signal Potential Integration Step 73: Signal Potential Amplification 'Step 74 Analog Digital Conversion Step 75: Compare Each Axis The potential of the button is the same as the scanning potential in the memory. Step 76: Output the touched button coordinate ❹ 15