201005971 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 -種一種具有高分子多層膜之太陽能電池’尤指 降低陽能電池所能吸收利用的光線波段，並且 電池月。…、統的散熱負擔’從而維持高光電轉換效率的太陽能 【先前技術】 ❹ 能量按而：：泛指石油、光、熱及核能等可供人類利用之 現代社會最主要的能源形式，近 ，由直疋驅動人類所有經濟活動的力量，狹而 =油的開採逐嶽，在世界各國對於石油：需= 居问不下的情況下，因為石 有耳聞，與u π分 田叩何玍出的各種急迫現象時 1牛濟、政治甚至戰爭都和石油有著莫大的關 聯性，雖原油即將耗盡已為既定之事實，m的^關 能電池最受關注及青睞。…1心原其中，又以太陽 =陽能電池是-種可以將能量轉換的光電元件 鱼=傳統電池的是，太陽能電池所 與照光條件及負載形式有關。 ϋ及W系 面上的太陽能電池最主要的 體，其係為太陽能電池之光伏效應的來源。極 二η 一極體之基本構造是由ρ型與 成’並利用Ρ型半導體之電洞’與以半導體=自而 5 201005971 由電子的電位差來產生電流，當太陽能電池受太陽光照射 . 時’光子被吸收而產生電子-電洞對’並受到内建電位的影 • 響’分別被η型及p型半導體吸引而聚集在兩端，此時吾 人在於外部以電極連接起來即可形成一個迴路，從而進行 預期之發電作業。附帶一提的是，由於太陽能電池產生的 電是直流電，因此需加裝直/交流轉換器以轉換成交流電， 才能成為家庭或 工業用電。 太陽能電池的發電能源來自太陽光，而太陽輻射的光 ❹譜主要是以可見光為中心，波長從約0.2微米的紫外光到 數微米長的紅外光是主要的分布範圍。而因為任何材料的 折射係數和光吸收係數皆為波長的函數，因此入射光中不 同的波長對光電流就有不同的貢獻，其公式為： ^=^Τι(Λ)Μ 此乃描述入射光能量需大於能隙才能被吸收，即單一 • P n 極體並無法吸收全波段的太陽光，而僅能吸收大於 其能隙的入射光能量，再者，其餘未能被吸收的光子則有 可能被其他元件或二極體吸收而成熱能，造成散熱負擔。 另，如上所述習知太陽能電池在接收太陽光時，係根 據半導體的能隙而僅能針對部分波段的光而轉換成電能， 其餘不適合之波段光則有可能被吸收轉換成熱能，而所產 生的熱能會直接提升ρ_η二極體之溫度，影響半導體内的 • Ρ子-電洞對的作用，從而降低光電的轉換效率，致使太陽 . 能電池無法在最佳的狀態下輸出較高的電能。 6 201005971 一些熱源的產生原因還包括：自由載子吸收，是指太陽 能電池吸收的光子並無法百分之百的產生電子-電洞對，這 、 也會被吸收又產生熱能。此外當太陽能電池吸收到過高的 光子能量時，由於其所吸收的光子能量遠大於半導體能 隙，故產生高能態的電子-電洞對，此高能態且不穩定的電 子-電洞對會再放射出聲子（phonon)，而聲子將會再被晶體 所吸收而產生熱量，即所謂的能帶内能量釋放（intraband energy relaxation)，致使產生額外的熱源。以上這些原 參 因造成的熱能都會再降低太陽能電池的散熱核組之散熱效 率並嚴重影響太陽能的光電轉換效率。 太陽能電池使用透鏡聚光與反射鏡來達成高效率的要 求與設計案例越來越多，美國專利號US6051776亦揭露出 此種高效率的太陽能電池的使用架構，由於使用高倍率聚 光透鏡能夠降低太陽能晶片使用面積，但是由於光線聚光 於晶片上，過高的溫度將會使光電轉換效率反而降低，所 以尋找一種能減少熱量產生的高效率聚光太陽能電池更為 ❿ 本發明的一種構想。 緣是，本發明人有感上述缺失之可改善，且依據多年 來從事此方面之相關經驗，悉心觀察且研究之，並配合學理 之運用，而提出一種設計合理且有效改善上述缺失之本發明。 【發明内容】 本發明之主要目的，係提出一種具有高分子多層膜 之太陽能電池，其可有效反射過濾不適合波段的太陽光’ 使太陽能電池僅吸收大於其能隙之波段的太陽光’可避免 7 201005971 太陽能電池產生多餘的熱能而提升溫度，有效維持太陽能 電池之光電轉換效率。依據上述之目的，本發明提出一種 具有高分子多層膜的太陽能電池，其包括一太陽能電池； 以及一高分子多層膜，其設置於該太陽能電池上，該高分 子多層膜具有至少二種不同折射率的高分子光學干涉層。 本發明具有以下有益效果：藉由高分子多層膜可反射 不適合的波段之太陽光，並允許適合波段之太陽光通201005971 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] - A solar cell having a polymer multilayer film, in particular, a light band which can be absorbed and utilized by a solar cell, and a battery month. ..., the heat dissipation burden of the system to maintain high photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar energy [Prior Art] 能量 Energy:: refers to the most important forms of energy in modern society, such as petroleum, light, heat and nuclear energy, near, The direct force drives all the forces of human economic activity, narrowly and = oil is mined by Yue, in the case of oil in the world: need to = can not ask, because the stone has heard, and u π In the case of various urgency phenomena, there is a great correlation between oil, politics and even war. Although the crude oil is about to be exhausted, it has become an established fact, and the power of the battery is the most popular and favored. ...1 heart, which is the sun = solar battery is a kind of photoelectric component that can convert energy. Fish = traditional battery, solar battery is related to lighting conditions and load form. The most important type of solar cell on the surface of the ϋ and W is the source of the photovoltaic effect of the solar cell. The basic structure of the pole two η one pole body is that the current is generated by the potential difference between the p-type and the 'using the germanium-type semiconductor' and the semiconductor = 5 201005971 by the potential difference between the electrons when the solar cell is exposed to sunlight. 'Photons are absorbed to generate electron-hole pairs' and are affected by built-in potentials. 'They are attracted by η-type and p-type semiconductors and are concentrated at both ends. At this time, we can connect them with external electrodes to form a The loop is used to perform the intended power generation operation. Incidentally, since the electricity generated by the solar cell is direct current, it is necessary to add a direct/alternating current converter to convert it into alternating current to be used for household or industrial use. The solar cell's power generation comes from sunlight, and the solar radiation spectrum is mainly centered on visible light. The wavelength from about 0.2 micron ultraviolet light to several micrometers long infrared light is the main distribution range. Since the refractive index and optical absorption coefficient of any material are both a function of wavelength, different wavelengths in the incident light have different contributions to the photocurrent. The formula is: ^=^Τι(Λ)Μ This is the energy of the incident light. It needs to be larger than the energy gap to be absorbed. That is, a single P n pole body cannot absorb the full range of sunlight, but only absorbs the incident light energy larger than its energy gap. Furthermore, the remaining photons that are not absorbed are possible. It is absorbed by other components or diodes to generate heat, which causes a heat dissipation burden. In addition, as described above, when a solar cell receives sunlight, it can be converted into electric energy only for a part of the band according to the energy gap of the semiconductor, and the remaining unsuitable band light may be absorbed and converted into heat, and the generated light is generated. The thermal energy directly increases the temperature of the ρ_η diode, affecting the role of the pair of dice-holes in the semiconductor, thereby reducing the conversion efficiency of the photoelectric, so that the solar cell cannot output higher electric energy in an optimal state. . 6 201005971 Some heat sources also include: free-carrier absorption, which means that the photons absorbed by the solar cell cannot produce 100-electron-hole pairs, which are also absorbed and generate heat. In addition, when the solar cell absorbs too high photon energy, since the photon energy absorbed by it is much larger than the semiconductor energy gap, a high-energy electron-hole pair is generated, and this high-energy and unstable electron-hole pair will The phonons are then emitted, and the phonons are again absorbed by the crystals to generate heat, the so-called intraband energy relaxation, resulting in an additional heat source. The thermal energy caused by these original parameters will further reduce the heat dissipation efficiency of the solar cell's heat dissipation core group and seriously affect the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar energy. Solar cells use lens concentrating and mirrors to achieve high efficiency requirements and design cases. US Patent No. US6051776 also reveals the use of such high-efficiency solar cells, which can be reduced by the use of high-magnification condenser lenses. The solar wafer uses an area, but since the light is concentrated on the wafer, an excessively high temperature will cause the photoelectric conversion efficiency to be lowered, so finding a high-efficiency concentrating solar cell capable of reducing heat generation is more an idea of the present invention. The reason is that the inventors have felt that the above-mentioned defects can be improved, and based on the relevant experience in this field for many years, carefully observed and studied, and in conjunction with the application of the theory, a present invention which is reasonable in design and effective in improving the above-mentioned defects is proposed. . SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The main object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell having a polymer multilayer film, which can effectively reflect and filter sunlight that is not suitable for a wavelength band, so that the solar cell absorbs only sunlight larger than the band of its energy gap. 7 201005971 Solar cells generate excess heat to increase temperature and effectively maintain the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells. According to the above object, the present invention provides a solar cell having a polymer multilayer film comprising a solar cell; and a polymer multilayer film disposed on the solar cell, the polymer multilayer film having at least two different refractions The rate of the polymer optical interference layer. The invention has the following beneficial effects: the polymer multilayer film can reflect the sunlight of the unsuitable band, and allows the sunlight of the suitable band.
過’如此’使太陽能電池僅吸收合適且大於其能隙之波段 =太陽光，可避免太陽能電池產生多餘的熱能而提升溫 二 系統的散熱負擔，並有效維持太陽能電池之 光電轉換效率。 不赞明的另 钩％ 2付坏愿用場合，可能合同 =用不同吸收波段的太陽能電池系統，或合併使用= 的奄電或發熱系統如熱水器，或 的綠色建築等，尤*纖作為知、明用途 池或發電發熱系統兩；吏用太陽能電 以利用本發明的高分===段需求，將可 太陽能電池中，而符人另^將適合的波段打入適合的 向付。另一太陽能電池或 的波段，職由此高分子 / m 系統或集熱系統再次利用，；外集光光學 能電池與多種電力發電的需:::=成多種太陽 所。 外另含其餘發電系統同時利用的場 目前太陽能電池種類繁多 目前主流以單晶矽（single 8 201005971 crystalline silicon)、多晶石夕（poly crystalline silicon )、非晶石夕（amorph〇us siiicon)、球狀石夕等石夕類 太陽能電池為主，除此之外還有非矽類的薄膜（thir] fi]m) 太陽能電池，例如銅銦化硒CuInSe(；CIS)、銅銦硒化鎵 (CuInGaSeKCIGS))、硒化銻（CdTe)等半導體化合物組成之 薄膜太陽能電池。此外還有染料感光（dye—sensitized)& 陽能電池、有機（organic)太陽能電池、聚合物（p〇lymer) ❹ 太陽能電池、熱載子（hot—carrier)太陽能電池等更新式的 太陽能電池。基本上各式的太陽能電池，有不同的能階 (band gap)分布與吸收光譜，而本發明中的高分子多層膜 皆可以根據各種太陽能電池所需要反射或穿透的頻譜^置 與分布來設計，所以各形式的太陽能電池都可以使用於本 發明專利之令。而本發明更提供一種設置太陽能電池之上 的而分子多層膜，當於戶外使用時可以吸收一定太 譜再轉換成電力，對於室⑽用或非太陽光的光源^ 發^的⑥分子多層制樣能達成特定波長較射盥穿透 场能晶片亦能吸收非太陽光的光線來發電， 將可以應詩㈣有光線照明的地 ^ 回收利用。 ⑺町尤線有效 為了能更進-步瞭解本發明為達成 之技術、方法及功效，請表閱以 、斤知取 與附圖，相信本發明之目的 之詳細說明 深入且具體之瞭解，然而所附特點，g可由此得一 並非用來對本發明加以限制者。'储供參考與說明用， 9 201005971 【實施方式】 請參閱第一圖所示，係為本發明之第一實施例，本 發明係包含一太陽能電池1及一高分子多層臈'2。By doing so, the solar cell absorbs only the band that is suitable and larger than its energy gap = sunlight, which avoids the excess heat energy generated by the solar cell and increases the heat dissipation load of the temperature system, and effectively maintains the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell. Unspecified hooks 2 2 paying bad occasions, maybe contract = solar battery system with different absorption bands, or combined use of electric or heating systems such as water heaters, or green buildings, etc. 2, Ming use pool or power generation heating system; 吏 use solar power to use the high score === segment demand of the present invention, will be in the solar cell, and the other person will be able to enter the appropriate band into the appropriate payment. Another solar cell or band is reused by the polymer/m system or heat collection system; the external collection optical cell and a variety of power generation needs:::= into a variety of solar. There are many types of solar cells currently used in the field of other power generation systems. The current mainstream is single crystal (single 8 201005971 crystalline silicon), polycrystalline silicon, amorph〇us siiicon, Spherical Shi Xi and other Shi Xi solar cells are mainly used, in addition to non-negative films (thir) fi]m) solar cells, such as copper indium selenide CuInSe (; CIS), copper indium gallium selenide (CuInGaSeKCIGS)), a thin film solar cell composed of a semiconductor compound such as cesium selenide (CdTe). In addition, dye-sensitized & solar cells, organic solar cells, polymer (p〇lymer) 太阳能 solar cells, hot-carrier solar cells, and other renewable solar cells . Basically, various types of solar cells have different band gap distributions and absorption spectra, and the polymer multilayer films of the present invention can be based on the spectrum and distribution of various solar cells that need to be reflected or penetrated. Designed, so all forms of solar cells can be used in the patent of the present invention. The present invention further provides a molecular multilayer film disposed on a solar cell, which can absorb a certain spectrum and convert it into electric power when used outdoors, and is a 6-molecular multilayer system for a room (10) or a non-sunlight source. The sample can reach a certain wavelength and the penetrating field energy can also absorb the non-sunlight light to generate electricity, which can be recycled in the poem (4) with light illumination. (7) The line is effective. In order to further understand the techniques, methods and effects of the present invention, please refer to the drawings and the drawings. It is believed that the detailed description of the purpose of the present invention is in-depth and specific. The accompanying features, g, may be used to thereby limit the invention. [Supply for Reference and Description, 9 201005971 [Embodiment] Referring to the first embodiment, which is a first embodiment of the present invention, the present invention comprises a solar cell 1 and a polymer multilayer 臈'2.
該太陽能電池1主要為一 p_n二極體及金屬電極等 兀件所組成，其中p_n二極體係由一 P型半導體及一 η 型半導體所共同構成，並在兩者之間形成所謂的空乏 區’p-ri二極體係可吸收光子並產生電子-電洞對以進行光 電轉換動作，由於此乃係屬公知的半導體之習知技術， 並非本發明案之主要技術特徵，因此不在此多作贅述。 該高分子多層膜2係設置於該太陽能電池i上，在美 國專利3^0729號與371 1 176號中提到由兩種高分子聚合物 層彼此®加而成，經共押出（c〇—extrusi〇n)製作的光學干 涉膜，藉由兩種聚合物層彼此間的折射率之差異與厚度變 化，可使入射光產生建設性干涉 interference)或破壞性干涉。藉此，光學干涉膜可 波長的光通過’㈣其他》皮長的光反射。纟美國專 3773882號中更詳細地揭露製作此高分子多層臈2的設備 與技術手段。於本實施例中，該高分子多層膜2係設置於 該太陽能電池1上方處，該高分子多層膜2係具有至少二 不同之折射率的高分子光學干涉層2工，該等高分子光風 干涉層2 1係可藉由分流器（feedbk)ek)分流並由押出^ kxtmder)共同押出一體成型構成此高分子多層膜2，之 後亚再經過延伸（stretch)製程來調整折射率與厚度， 少-材質的折射率（ref raet index)在特定方向有—定變 10 201005971 2 ’其折射率變化_般介於G1q 4左右，較佳值應大於 .25以上、田折射率變化越高時，高分子多層膜2的層數 •越可以減少，以提高良率與降低材料成本。其中，該等高 刀子光子干涉層2 1係具有兩種不同折射率，且此二不同 折射率的高分子光學干涉層2工係相互間隔地堆疊排 列，而其中太陽照光可分為入射光7及反射光8，當入射 先7照射該高分子多層膜2時，高分子光學干涉層2丄將 :根據其各層南分子材料組成的物理厚度⑽y—d ❿thlckness)與光學折射率（refract index)決定其相位差 (P se difference) ’決定造成其建設性或破壞性的干涉， 即特定波段的反射率與穿透率便能由高分子光學干涉層 2 1的材質與厚度變化來調整。所以當入射光7打入由高 刀子光學干涉層2 1所構成的高分子多層膜2後，此高分 子夕層膜2會將不適合於太陽能電池i之能隙所吸收利 用的照光反射而形成反射光8，反射光8亦可再供利用， 即其可以再導入另一合適吸收波段的太陽電池發電系 •統，或導入其他發熱或發電的系統或導入光纖系統中 為照明用途等。 本發明高分子多層膜2的膜堆設計的膜堆重複單元 (repeat unit)設置，即本發明的高分子多層膜2可以使用 2種以上的高分子材料來堆疊。多層膜—般可依材料的數 i與種類設置為（AB)n或（ABCBA)n或（ABCB)n或（ABDCA)n，或 其他的尚低折射率堆疊的設計，其中A、B、c、1)為不同折 •射率的不同材料，而各膜堆的光學厚度（即折射率n與物理 11 201005971 厚度d相乘後的數值）可因所欲反射與穿透波段的需求而改 變，光學厚度的變化可採線性或非線性方式將各重複單元 的膜堆依不同的厚度採漸進梯度（gradient)變化而達成廣 區域波段的設計。更可於該高分子多層膜2之上下端面各 &又置有一表皮層2 2，其可供光線穿透並提升該高分子光 學干涉層2 1之物理機械性質，從而阻隔水氣等物質，表The solar cell 1 is mainly composed of a p_n diode and a metal electrode, wherein the p_n dipole system is composed of a P-type semiconductor and an n-type semiconductor, and forms a so-called depletion region therebetween. The 'p-ri dipole system absorbs photons and generates electron-hole pairs for photoelectric conversion. Since this is a well-known technique of semiconductors, it is not the main technical feature of the present invention, so it is not used here. Narration. The polymer multilayer film 2 is disposed on the solar cell i. It is mentioned in U.S. Patent Nos. 3,0729 and 371 1 176 that two polymer layers are added to each other and are co-extruded (c〇). The optical interference film produced by -extrusi〇n can cause constructive interference interference or destructive interference of incident light by the difference in refractive index and thickness variation between the two polymer layers. Thereby, the optical wavelength of the optical interference film is reflected by the light of the (4) other skin length. The apparatus and technical means for fabricating the polymer multilayer crucible 2 are disclosed in more detail in U.S. Patent No. 3,773,882. In the present embodiment, the polymer multilayer film 2 is disposed above the solar cell 1 , and the polymer multilayer film 2 is a polymer optical interference layer having at least two different refractive indices. The interference layer 2 1 can be shunted by a splitter (ek) and integrated by extruding (kxtmder) to form the polymer multilayer film 2, and then subjected to a stretching process to adjust the refractive index and thickness. The refractive index (ref raet index) of a material has a certain transformation in a specific direction. 10 201005971 2 'The refractive index change is generally around G1q 4 , and the preferred value should be greater than .25 or higher. The number of layers of the polymer multilayer film 2 can be reduced to increase the yield and reduce the material cost. Wherein, the high-knife photon interference layer 21 has two different refractive indices, and the two different refractive index polymeric optical interference layer 2 processes are stacked at intervals, wherein the solar illumination can be divided into incident light 7 And the reflected light 8, when the incident first 7 irradiates the polymer multilayer film 2, the polymer optical interference layer 2: according to the physical thickness (10) y - d ❿ thlckness) and the optical refractive index (refract index) of the south molecular material composition of each layer It is determined that the phase difference (P se difference) 'determines the constructive or destructive interference, that is, the reflectance and the transmittance of the specific wavelength band can be adjusted by the material and thickness variation of the polymer optical interference layer 2 1 . Therefore, when the incident light 7 is driven into the polymer multilayer film 2 composed of the high-knife optical interference layer 21, the polymer film 2 is formed by reflecting light that is not suitable for absorption by the energy gap of the solar cell i. The reflected light 8 and the reflected light 8 can be reused, that is, they can be introduced into another solar cell power generation system of a suitable absorption band, or introduced into another system for generating heat or power, or introduced into an optical fiber system for illumination purposes. In the film stack design of the polymer multilayer film 2 of the present invention, the polymer multilayer film 2 of the present invention can be stacked using two or more polymer materials. The multilayer film can be set to (AB)n or (ABCBA)n or (ABCB)n or (ABDCA)n, or other low refractive index stack designs, where A, B, c, 1) are different materials with different refractive indices, and the optical thickness of each film stack (ie, the value of the refractive index n multiplied by the thickness d of the physical 11 201005971) may be due to the desired reflection and penetration band requirements. The change in optical thickness can be achieved in a linear or non-linear manner by adopting a gradient change of the film stack of each repeating unit according to different thicknesses to achieve a wide area band design. Further, a lower skin surface of the polymer multilayer film 2 is further provided with a skin layer 22 for penetrating light and enhancing the physical and mechanical properties of the polymer optical interference layer 21 to block moisture and the like. ,table
皮層2 2的表面亦可以設置微結構面或粗糙面能將光線 均勻散射擴散，能改善因聚光光線過度集中的高熱量集中 問題，亦能在表皮層2 2上以後製程方式來塗佈（c〇at\ng) 各種力此型塗料或保濩層，如抗反射層， 抗，電塗料來增加其附屬功能。該表皮層2 2内可添加有 功能型的添加劑與助劑（assistant),該添加劑或助劑可 ，抗黃化的紫外光吸收劑、可阻隔紅外線與具靜電防止功 旎的錫銻氧化物（AT〇)與增加均勻擴散的擴散劑，如⑽射 顆粒或Silicon顆粒等。抗黃化的紫外線吸收劑可防止高 分子多層膜2在經長期太陽光照射後產生材料黃化之現 ，，而擴散劑則可使紫外光均勻的分佈照射，而添加錫錄 乳化物則可以阻隔紅外線與防止靜電，本發明亦可以視 求在搭配在表皮層2 2内部增加-些染料（dyes)或 (pigment)來將部分不需要的光線波段吸收。 δ月參閱第二圖及第二A圖係為本發與 該太陽能電池i上更設置有一折射,m弟例， 量都會\統光學透鏡(lens)，惟其厚度與體積與重 會較大，較不易縮小太陽能模組的體積與重量，而較 201005971 ==聚光元件3可採用佛氏透鏡㈣㈣】1㈣、微結 構透鏡（mlcro lens)、繞射光學元件（diffracuve _ e⑽咖，d〇E)或全像光學元件（h〇I〇graphic 〇pticai 時二:】，，其：為折射聚光元件3若為微結構透鏡 曲面球或金字塔或拋物面、橢圓狀、雙 =:非辑鏡(a咖ic ]ens)。折射聚光元件3均 排2據太^電池的形狀f求設置，如太陽能電池1的 排列或形狀為長條狀時此折射聚光元件3的透鏡 ❹單軸向的設計，此微透鏡形狀例如採 鏡 (lenticu丨ar)可將光線匯聚成長 ^ 為方形或軸對稱(axial 太陽能電池排列若 折=tnc)的排列或形狀時，此時 細構透鏡可採用雙轴向或軸對稱的 等雔站Γ塔狀（pyramid)、半球狀（sphere)、拋物面狀 構以:設計。折射聚光元件3的組成透鏡結 構中亦U為多種*同結構單元複合的排列组成 • 金亦字為半球狀’其組成微結構組成的 罾透鏡形狀亦根據需求設置為凹狀（cc)nca (c_ex)或凹凸並存等。因為折射聚光元件3若採古4 自由卷曲和彎曲，所以折 t3可以，曲並不需為-平面，折射聚光元件3更可以根 =實際使用的形狀需求再貼附於—透光的硬 =其形狀成平面或特定之f曲面等，如可 子聚合物所構成的板材或透光本體，來增加且剛性 ·〃支稽力。亦可以將折射聚光元件3直接貼附於太陽能電 13 201005971 池1上。該折射聚光件3係可將入射光7轉折並改變並 進方向，從而聚集於該太陽能電池工上，而該折. 3之面積係可遠大於該太陽能電池i之面積，如此，今太牛 %能電池1即可在不偈限本身面積的條件下廣泛的接收 入射先7 ’⑼而大幅提昇發電的功率，而因此可以使 少的太陽能電池1面積來獲取最大的發電功率。 值得-提的是，該折射聚光件3並不僅偈限於上述 之種類’只要是可廣泛地接收人射光7並轉折其行進方 該太陽能電池1上之元件，皆可視為本發明The surface of the skin layer 2 2 can also be provided with a microstructured surface or a rough surface to uniformly scatter and diffuse the light, which can improve the high heat concentration problem due to excessive concentration of the concentrated light, and can also be applied on the skin layer 2 2 after the process ( C〇at\ng) Various types of coatings or layers such as anti-reflective coatings, anti-reflective coatings, and electro-coatings to increase their ancillary functions. The skin layer 2 2 may be added with a functional additive and an auxiliary agent, the additive or the auxiliary agent, the anti-yellowing ultraviolet light absorber, the infrared ray blocking agent and the tin antimony oxide having the static electricity prevention function. (AT〇) with a diffusing agent that increases uniform diffusion, such as (10) shot particles or Silicon particles. The anti-yellowing ultraviolet absorber can prevent the polymer multilayer film 2 from being yellowed after long-term sunlight irradiation, and the diffusing agent can uniformly distribute the ultraviolet light, and the tin-recorded emulsion can be added. Inhibiting infrared rays and preventing static electricity, the present invention can also be applied to add some dyes or patches to the interior of the skin layer 2 to absorb a portion of the unwanted light band. δ month refers to the second figure and the second A picture is the same as the solar cell i is provided with a refraction, the m brother case, the quantity will be the optical lens (lens), but the thickness and volume and weight will be larger, It is not easy to reduce the size and weight of the solar module, and compared to 201005971 == concentrating element 3 can use Foss lens (four) (four)] 1 (four), micro lens (mcro lens), diffractive optical element (diffracuve _ e (10) coffee, d〇E Or a holographic optical element (h〇I〇graphic 〇pticai ii:), which: is a refractive concentrating element 3 if it is a microstructured lens curved sphere or pyramid or paraboloid, elliptical, double =: non-mirror a ic ic]ens). The refracting concentrating elements 3 are arranged in a row 2 according to the shape of the battery. If the arrangement or shape of the solar cell 1 is elongated, the lens ❹ single axis of the refracting concentrating element 3 The design of the microlens shape, such as a lens (lenticu丨ar), can converge the light into a square or axisymmetric (axial solar cell array if the fold = tnc) arrangement or shape, then the fine lens can be double Axial or axisymmetric isobaric station, pyramidal, hemispherical Sphere, paraboloidal structure: design. The composition of the refracting concentrating element 3 is also composed of a plurality of *the same structural unit composite arrangement. The gold is a hemispherical shape. According to requirements, it is set to concave (cc)nca (c_ex) or concavities and convexities, etc. Since the refractive concentrating element 3 is freely curled and bent, the folding t3 can be used, and the curvature does not need to be a plane, the refractive concentrating element 3 can also be root = the actual shape requirements to be attached to - light-transparent hard = its shape into a plane or a specific f-curve, etc., such as a sheet of polymer or a light-transmitting body, to increase and rigidity The refracting concentrating element 3 can also be directly attached to the solar cell 13 201005971. The refracting concentrating member 3 can turn the incident light 7 into a direction and change direction, thereby accumulating in the solar cell. The area of the fold. 3 can be much larger than the area of the solar cell i. Thus, the current battery can be widely received under the condition of its own area without a limitation of its own area 7 '(9) Increase the power of power generation, Therefore, it is possible to obtain a small amount of solar cell 1 area to obtain the maximum power generation. It is worth mentioning that the refracting concentrating member 3 is not limited to the above-described type 'as long as it can widely receive the human light 7 and turn it forward The components on the solar cell 1 can be regarded as the invention.
該人射光7穿透於騎射聚光件3並被改變行進方 二後’再通過該高分子多層膜2且反射回不適合太陽能 笔池所能吸收利用的波段之反射光8，如此，集中照 射在該太陽能電池i上的人射光7係為大於該太陽能電 池1之能隙的光線，而不適合於該太陽能電池工吸收之 =照光已於高分子光學干涉層21上以反射光8的 形式排除或再“其他發電或發㈣統再制或導入光 纖之中可作為照明料，這些較不適合於太陽能電W :斤使用的光線波段將不會造成太陽能電池i額外散熱的 負擔與額外不必要的干擾。 第-與第二圖中的若使用―樣的面積的太陽能電池 可以發現太陽能電池工的發電能量與進入的光線呈正 而進入第圖中的太陽能電池1的光線與進入第二 圖中太陽能電池1的光線能量主要差異會在於折射聚光 14 201005971 件3的存在’ g折射聚光件3的面積加大時，所收集的 入射光7將會以倍數增加’學理上希望折射聚光元件3 的面積越大越好，即透鏡的等效數值孔徑（numerical aperture，ΝΑ)越大，越能接收更多的光線量，即其發電功 率與折射聚光件3的面積成正比，如此，雖可大幅增加 =射光7的能量，但也於太陽能電池i上伴隨衍生出熱 月b之問題。此時散熱的問題將會非常重要。而太陽能電 ，也系統與散熱系、统本身t吸收來自各方的直射光線或斜 響向打入的雜光(ghostray)，這些直射光線或雜光光線，有 二光線可迠直接打入高分子多層膜2而有些光線可能直 接^丁入散熱系統，而這些被散熱系統所額外吸收的光線 或=被太陽能電池丄吸收的光線也會因晶片生產時内部 ，晶=缺陷問題而會產生熱能，這些熱源都將嚴重影響 散熱系統的散熱效率。而本發明的高分子多層膜2正可 乂先行過濾並反射消除可能會引起散熱與導熱問題的光 線波段。可更有效能地維持太陽能電池丄的光電轉換效 率。 …请參閱第三圖係為本發明之第三實施例，該折射聚 光件3亦可設置於該高分子多層膜2之下方，即該$分 子多層膜2及該太陽能電池丄之間，如此，該入射光7 會先經由該高分子多層膜2將不適合太陽能電池丄所能 吸收利用的波段光線反射到空氣或導引給其餘合適的發 電或發熱系統或導光系統制，切可能會造成額外^ •收生熱的波段先行反射過濾，其餘可穿透之光線波段再 15 201005971 經由該折射聚光件3進行拼 收利用。 折射聚光給予太陽能電池1吸 請參閱第四圖係為本發 _ 光件3係可直接以为·第四貫施例，該折射聚 固接於該高分子;二 rr:⑽折射聚光件二層膜r e ❿ 折射圖係為本發明之第五實施例，反之，該 ; 亦可以黏合的方式固接於該高分子多層膜 之下鈿，如此，同樣可達到如同前述實施例之相同功 第四圖與第五圖的中的表皮層2 2可以視黏合或 押出％的需求將其移除或設置。 :請參閱第六圖係為本發明之第六實施例，該太陽能 =池1上係可設置有—反射聚光件4，而該高分子多層 膜2 = 5又置於該反射聚光件4之上方處，該反射聚光件 4係可為複合拋物面聚光元件（compound parabolic a)ncent「ator· ’ CPC) ’其具有複數個反射面4 1、複數個入 光口 4 2及複數個出光口4 3，該等入光口 4 2及該等 出光口 4 3分別形成於該反射聚光件4之上下兩端，該 等反射面4 1各形成於該等入光口 4 2及該等出光口 4 3之間。該入射光7可經由該入光口 4 2投射於該反射 聚光件4之反射面4 1並向下穿射該出光口 4 3而集中 至该太陽能電池1之上端面上，另，該反射聚光件4亦 可為複合橢圓面聚光元件（c〇mp〇uncj e||jptjcal concentrator， 16 201005971 CEC)，複合雙曲面聚光元件（c〇mp〇und _erb〇丨丨c concentrator，CHC)或僅具斜邊的錐狀面（tape「)面。反射聚光 件4的入光口 42或出光口4 3形狀可為圓型、多邊形 或其餘封閉形狀等。反射聚光件4其形狀的特徵乃是入 光口 4 2孔徑比出光口 4 3大或相等，即可以使光線順 利導入到太陽能電池1。若入光口 4 2孔徑比出光口 4 3小，則打入的入射光7會有部分光線會被反射回去， 相對地其效率會較差。反射聚光件4的入光出光開口的 ❿輪廊與其剖面輪廓的形狀並無設計限制，故變化眾多。 此元件一般為金屬、玻璃、或塑膠材質，亦可以視需求 將元件鍍上高反射的金屬或介電質膜以增加反射率，其 主要功用是將進入的光線以反射或全反射 reflection)方式將光線角度改變並導入特定區域中。反射 聚光件4本身可為空心（hollow)或實心固體方式設置。者 反射聚光件4以實心固體結構設置時，其結構可以類^ 導光管（Ught guide)的形式存在，方式類似以光纖（fiber) ❹ 傳導方式將入射光7導入太陽能電池1。 傳統的反射聚光件一般體積與厚度將較大，將會加 大太陽能模組的體積與厚度，若將結構微小化並陣列化 (array)設置，將可將體積與厚度大幅降低，概念如同傳統 光學透鏡改為Fresnel lens或微結構透鏡，這都能將結構 變小、平面化，且使體積厚度變薄。如第八圖所示，反 射聚光元件4的結構形狀為類似CPC結構，這與第六圖 所示的反射聚光元件4功能很類似，只是第六圖的反射 17 201005971 t光元件4是將第八圖的反射聚光元件4由一個傳統大 型尽體積元件架構變成了一張薄膜片或板材元件架構。 此膜片存在有許多挖空的微小型反射面能將光線導入特 定區域。當然以上兩者除了體積與厚度差異可能甚大之 外，反射面4 1的基本形狀可能會有些改變，反射面4 與入光口 4 2與出光口 4 3孔徑都不限定輪廓形狀，一般入 光口大於或等於出光口會有較好的導光與聚光效果，能 將出光口 4 3孔徑與面積縮小到太陽能電池i適合的大小 使用即可。故本發明的反射聚光元件4未來將可適需求 調整使用。例如將由許多微小反射面以的輪廊所構 成的反射聚光元件4設置於太陽能電池的丄上方，將能 有效達成折光聚光於太陽能電池丄的需求。而本發明的 南分子多層膜2與反射聚光元件4的功能大致為獨立， ::兩者的上下相對位置與設置順序亦能視需求而互相 营換。 ❹ =閱第七圖係為本發明之第七實施例，該高分子 :二二射聚光件3及該反射聚光件4係可共同 i射聚峨件3則設置於該 射化…山 间刀子多層2膜則設置於該折 射汆先件3上端面。 該高分子多層膜2、該折射聚光件 件4係可共同-體㈣p @錢J及5亥反射聚先 可依序經由咳-八子夕展：4結構體’該入射光7 射f光夕日膜2、該折射聚光件3及該反 料先件4而集中投射於該太陽能電池^，如此，可 18 201005971 更有效率的收集太陽光並有效避免其在行經路徑上 散失之現象。 而第七圖與第八圖中的折射聚光件3與反射聚光件 4與高分子多層膜2的設置順序與膜面的方向都可~以 換與改變，當各元件主要的功能大致不會影響時，各元 件設置的順序不會有太大的影響，而當反射聚光件 薄片設置時’屬於薄膜片板材元件架構，此時折射聚光 :3與反射聚光件4與高分子多層膜2此三者更可以接 合為-體’而順序亦可以交換設置，這樣 =式能使體積與重量更為精簡，更可以直接黏=太又 =此電池1之上或能大幅縮短與太陽能電池1的設置距 件Ί ㈣組的體積更為精簡。本發明中的折射聚光 與高分子多層膜2其三者的功能大 三，在某些情況下會有相互的影響，但仍可於搭 Γΐί於設計時調整，可將影響降低。—些實施例中可 里1:求來改變二者擺放的位置’而彼此設置的位置差 改變旎造成一些元件相對的大小、結構形狀因此而 者到光學系統設置的體積與面積，但仍可經適 二I、搭配達成各元件原有的功效。對於太陽能電池 者光線的分布面積與分布均勾性等與可能會因三 有太士ΐ置而有所改變，但對於其接收的光線頻譜不會 或3改:響’實際設計端看各元件主要功能是改變光路 決定。例如高分子多層膜2本身已設置 、線功月匕時，將之設置於折射聚光件3與反射聚 19 201005971 :=二！對易受紫外光所破壞而變黃的折射聚光 ”反射♦光件4有較佳的保護作用 =件；3有高於反射聚光件4的聚光能力與較小的^光 ί二1Γ，故將其折射聚光件3設置於反射聚光件4 聚光能力’而較小的聚光點表示可以 就更為重要，反之將兩者位置相反=將Ϊ 生而聚光性就會變差，而較佳的實施例仍 件3設置於反射聚料4的上方，而高分 夕層版2視情況設置，較佳實施例仍為將其設置於最 上面位置。 第七圖中該太陽能電池丄之上端面係設有—抗反射 義反射層5上係具有複數個—體成型於該太陽 月匕電池1上的錐形透光部5 i，不論該入射光7以何種 e f投射於該錐形透光部5 i内，皆可向下投射至該太 ❹ 陽能電池1而不會反射發散至其他方向，f亥錐形透光部 5 1的結構一般可為金字塔或半圓球狀、三角錐、多邊 型角錐’或非球面狀之凹凸狀結構’抗反射層—般利用 蝕刻（etching)方式製作於太陽能電池工表 抗反射功能。 上以達成 一該太陽能電池丄下方係設置有一散熱模組6，其常 用元件係為陶瓷、石墨（carb〇n)、半導體、聚合'物 (polymer)、金屬、金屬合金等所構成的散熱元件或散熱 韓片（heat sink)或熱導管（heat pipe)。差異在於材料的熱傳 20 201005971 導性（thermal conductivity)越高，將可以越快將熱排放到 空氣’但散熱材質不應以上為限。該散熱模組6係可吸 收該太陽能電池1所產生之熱能並轉移至空氣中，如 此，可有效控制該太陽能電池1之溫度而不致影響半導 體之電子-電洞對之作用，從而有效維持太陽能電池丄之 光電轉換效率。 請參閱第八圖所示’該反射聚光件4亦可為 π η入 鏡筒，整體的體積與厚度較大，屬於厚體積元件架構 但亦適合戶外大面積場所的設置，其同樣具有一反射面 41、-入光口42及-出光口43。該反射聚光件4 可為空心薄殼所組成的高反射金屬、透光薄殼玻璃，或 2 = f在其反射面41鑛上高反射率之反射 ，來Ή射率。該反射聚光件4若為實心的透光玻璃 或塑膠體組成時，若光線無法達成全反射（⑽^ reflects)或全反射效果不佳時，亦可視需求將反射面 4 土鍍以咼反射之反射膜以增加反射率。本質上 ::之ί射聚光件4與第六圖或第七圖所示的反射聚： :差異在於厚度的薄型化，其設置概念 相近的’如此亦可達到等同七實施例之功效。 :上的實施例說明本發明的反射聚光件 厚體積το件架構或薄臈片與板材的元件架構，用 成電池1之上’相同的情況亦出現在折射聚光件：太陽 置。折射聚光件3也可以採用一般傳3的設 積元件架構，或採用帶有Fre /得統先予透鏡的厚體 木用咿有FresnelIens、微結 201005971 HOE的薄膜片板材元件架構來取代。同樣的差異也 於光學元件使用賴片與板材元❹構時的厚度與= 能夠有效縮減。所以本發明的太陽能電池的折射聚光件 3與反射聚光件4都能視需求選擇採用厚體積元件 或薄片膜片板材元件架構。本發明之具有高分子多芦 之太陽能電池除了設置高分子多層膜2於太陽能電：工、 之上能將光線作部份穿透或反射的選擇來降低熱對太陽 能光電轉換系統的影響，能維持太陽能晶片電池的 ❿轉，效率。當使用在具有高度聚光能力、高轉換效率的 太陽能光電轉換系統時，即本發明除了在太陽能電池1 之上設置咼分子多層膜2之外，可再選擇將其中一種聚 光光學元件（折射聚光件3或反射聚光件4)或兩種聚光、 光學元件（折射聚光件3與反射聚光件4)同時安裝設置 於太陽能電池1之上，而這些元件的相對位置也能適時 的加以更換。 經由本發明可產生以下有益效果： 由高分子多層膜2可反射不適合的波段之太陽 光，並允許適合波段之太陽光通過，如此，可有效過濾 不適合波段的太陽照光而將之形成反射光8反射回空氣 中，使太陽能電池1僅吸收光子能量大於其能隙之波段的 入射光7，如此將可避免太陽能電池丄產生多餘的熱能而 提升溫度，從而降低散熱模組6的散熱負擔，有效維持太 陽能電池1之光電轉換效率。 惟’上述所揭露之圖式、說明，僅為本發明之實施 22 201005971 例而已，凡精於此項技藝者當可依據上述之說明作其他 種種之改良’而這些改變仍屬於本發明之發明精神及以 . 下界定之專利範圍中。 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖係為本發明之第一實施例。 :_圖係為本U之第二實施例的太陽光投射示意圖。 圖係為本發明之第二實施例的立體示意圖。 ❿$二圖係為本發明之第三實施例。 第四圖係為本發明之第四實施例。 =五圖係為本發明之第五實施例。 :六圖係為本發明之第六實施例。 第七圖係為本發明之第七實施例。 第八圖係為本發明之第八實施例。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 太陽能電池 馨 2咼分子多層膜 21高分子光學干涉層 2 2表皮層 3 折射聚光件 4 反射聚光件 4 1反射面 4 2入光口 4 3出光口 23 201005971 5 抗反射層 5 1錐形透光部 6 散熱模組 7 入射光 8 反射光The person's illuminating light 7 penetrates the illuminating concentrating member 3 and is changed to the second side of the traverse and then passes through the polymer multilayer film 2 and is reflected back to the reflected light 8 which is not suitable for the wavelength band that the solar pen pool can absorb. Thus, concentrated illumination The human light 7 on the solar cell i is light larger than the energy gap of the solar cell 1, and is not suitable for the solar cell absorbing. The illuminating light has been excluded from the polymeric optical interference layer 21 in the form of reflected light 8. Or "other power generation or hair (4) re-made or imported into the fiber can be used as lighting materials, these are not suitable for solar power W: the light band used will not cause additional burden on the solar cell i and additional unnecessary Interference. In the first and second figures, if the solar cell with the same area is used, it can be found that the solar cell's power generation energy is positive with the incoming light and enters the solar cell 1 in the figure and enters the solar energy in the second figure. The main difference in the light energy of the battery 1 will be the refractive concentration 14 201005971 The presence of the piece 3 'g refracting the area of the concentrating member 3 is increased, the collected incident light 7 will Increasing the multiple 'scientifically, it is desirable that the larger the area of the condensing concentrating element 3 is, the larger the equivalent numerical aperture (ΝΑ) of the lens is, the more it can receive more light, that is, its power generation and refractive concentration. The area of the light member 3 is proportional, so that the energy of the light 7 can be greatly increased, but the problem of the heat moon b is also generated on the solar cell i. At this time, the problem of heat dissipation will be very important. Also, the system and the heat dissipation system, the system itself absorbs direct light from all parties or the ghost light that is slanted into the direction. These direct or stray light rays have two rays that can be directly driven into the polymer multilayer film 2 Some of the light may be directly absorbed into the heat dissipation system, and the light that is additionally absorbed by the heat dissipation system or the light that is absorbed by the solar cell will also generate heat due to internal, crystal=defective problems during wafer production. The heat dissipation efficiency of the heat dissipation system will be seriously affected. However, the polymer multilayer film 2 of the present invention can be filtered and reflected to eliminate the light band which may cause heat dissipation and heat conduction problems. The photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell cartridge can be maintained more effectively. The third embodiment of the present invention is also shown in the third embodiment. The refractive concentrating member 3 can also be disposed under the polymer multilayer film 2, that is, Between the molecular multilayer film 2 and the solar cell, the incident light 7 first reflects the band light that is not suitable for the solar cell raft to be absorbed into the air or guides the other suitable through the polymer multilayer film 2. The power generation or heating system or the light guiding system can cut the extra-enhanced heat band for the first reflection filter, and the remaining penetrable light band can be used for the refraction by the refracting concentrating member 3. Concentrating light to give solar cell 1 suction Please refer to the fourth picture for the hair _ light member 3 series can be directly thought of as the fourth embodiment, the refractive polygluck is fixed to the polymer; two rr: (10) refracting concentrating member two The re-refractive pattern of the film is the fifth embodiment of the present invention. Conversely, the film can also be bonded to the underlying film of the polymer multilayer film. Thus, the same work as in the foregoing embodiment can be achieved. The skin layer 22 in the fourth and fifth figures can be removed or set depending on the need to bond or extend. The sixth figure is a sixth embodiment of the present invention. The solar energy=cell 1 may be provided with a reflective concentrating member 4, and the polymer multilayer film 2=5 is placed on the reflective concentrating member. Above the 4, the reflective concentrating member 4 can be a compound parabolic a ncent "ator · 'Centre", which has a plurality of reflecting surfaces 4 1 , a plurality of optical entrances 4 2 and a plurality The light-receiving ports 4 3 and the light-emitting ports 43 are respectively formed on the upper and lower ends of the reflective concentrating member 4, and the reflecting surfaces 41 are formed on the light-injecting ports 4 2 And between the light-emitting ports 43. The incident light 7 can be projected onto the reflective surface 41 of the reflective concentrating member 4 through the light-injecting port 4 2 and penetrates the light-emitting port 43 downward to concentrate the solar energy. On the upper end surface of the battery 1, the reflective concentrating member 4 may also be a composite elliptical concentrating element (c〇mp〇uncj e||jptjcal concentrator, 16 201005971 CEC), a compound hyperbolic concentrating element (c〇) Mp〇und _erb〇丨丨c concentrator, CHC) or a tapered surface (tape ") with a beveled edge. The light entrance 42 of the reflective concentrating member 4 or the exit The shape of the port 4 3 may be a circular shape, a polygonal shape or the rest of the closed shape, etc. The shape of the reflective concentrating member 4 is such that the aperture of the light entrance opening 42 is larger or equal to that of the light exit opening 43, that is, the light can be smoothly introduced into the solar energy. Battery 1. If the aperture of the entrance port 4 2 is smaller than the exit port 43, part of the incident incident light 7 will be reflected back, which is relatively inefficient. The light entrance opening of the reflective concentrating member 4 There are no design restrictions on the shape of the stern and its profile. The components are generally made of metal, glass, or plastic. The components can also be plated with highly reflective metal or dielectric film to increase reflection. Rate, its main function is to change the angle of light into a specific area by reflecting or totally reflecting the light. The reflection concentrating element 4 itself can be set in a hollow or solid solid manner. When the member 4 is disposed in a solid solid structure, the structure may be in the form of a Ught guide, which is similar to the introduction of the incident light 7 into the solar cell 1 by means of fiber ❹ conduction. The traditional reflective concentrating parts will generally have a larger volume and thickness, which will increase the volume and thickness of the solar module. If the structure is miniaturized and arrayed, the volume and thickness can be greatly reduced. As the conventional optical lens is changed to a Fresnel lens or a microstructure lens, this can make the structure smaller, planar, and thinner in volume. As shown in the eighth figure, the structure of the reflective concentrating element 4 is similar to the CPC structure. This is similar to the function of the reflective concentrating element 4 shown in the sixth figure, except for the reflection of the sixth figure. 17 201005971 The t-light element 4 is a reflection of the reflection concentrating element 4 of the eighth figure from a conventional large-volume component structure. A film or sheet component architecture. This diaphragm has a number of hollowed out micro-reflective surfaces that direct light into a specific area. Of course, except for the difference in volume and thickness, the basic shape of the reflective surface 41 may be somewhat changed. The apertures of the reflective surface 4 and the light entrance opening 4 2 and the light exit opening 43 are not limited to a contour shape, and generally enter the light. If the mouth is larger than or equal to the light exit port, it will have better light guiding and concentrating effect, and the aperture and area of the light exit port 4 can be reduced to the size suitable for the solar cell i. Therefore, the reflective concentrating element 4 of the present invention will be adjusted and used in the future. For example, a reflective concentrating element 4 composed of a plurality of micro-reflecting surfaces is disposed above the raft of the solar cell, and the need for refracting and concentrating the solar cell raft can be effectively achieved. Further, the function of the south molecular multilayer film 2 and the reflective concentrating element 4 of the present invention is substantially independent, and the relative position and arrangement order of the two can also be interchanged as needed. ❹=Reading the seventh figure is a seventh embodiment of the present invention, the polymer: the two-beam concentrating member 3 and the reflecting concentrating member 4 can be arranged together in the ... The mountain knife multi-layer 2 film is disposed on the upper end surface of the refractive yoke element 3. The polymer multilayer film 2, the refracting concentrating member 4 can be commonly-body (four) p @钱J and 5 hai reflections can be preceded by cough-eight eve: 4 structure 'the incident light 7 ray f light The solar film 2, the refractive concentrating member 3 and the counter-feeding member 4 are collectively projected on the solar cell, so that 18 201005971 can collect sunlight more efficiently and effectively avoid the phenomenon of being lost in the path of travel. The arrangement order of the refracting concentrating member 3 and the reflecting concentrating member 4 and the polymer multilayer film 2 in the seventh and eighth figures can be changed and changed, and the main functions of the respective components are roughly When it does not affect, the order of setting the components does not have much influence, and when the reflective concentrating sheet is set, it belongs to the film sheet component structure, and at this time, the condensing condensing: 3 and the reflecting concentrating member 4 are high. Molecular multilayer film 2 can be joined as a body and the order can also be exchanged, so that the formula can make the volume and weight more streamlined, and can be directly adhered to too much = too much on the battery 1 or can be greatly shortened The volume of the set 距 (4) with the solar cell 1 is more compact. The refractive condensing and polymer multilayer film 2 of the present invention have three functions, which may have mutual influence in some cases, but can still be adjusted at the time of design, and the influence can be reduced. In some embodiments, the position of the two can be changed: the position difference between the two is changed, and the position difference between the components is changed, causing the relative size and structural shape of some components, and thus the volume and area of the optical system, but still Can be used to achieve the original effect of each component. For solar cells, the distribution of light and the distribution of light may be changed due to the presence of the three priests, but the spectrum of the light received by it will not change or change: the actual design side looks at each component. The main function is to change the light path decision. For example, when the polymer multilayer film 2 itself has been set and the line power is on the moon, it is placed on the refracting concentrating member 3 and the reflection poly 19 201005971 := two! Refractive concentrating light that is susceptible to yellowing due to damage by ultraviolet light. ♦ Light ray 4 has better protection = part; 3 has higher concentrating power than reflective concentrating element 4 and smaller ^ ί 1Γ, so the refracting concentrating member 3 is disposed on the concentrating concentrating member 4 concentrating ability' and the smaller condensing point indicates that it is more important, otherwise the position of the two is opposite = the concentrating will be agglomerated The preferred embodiment is that the member 3 is disposed above the reflective polymer 4, and the high-profile layer 2 is disposed as appropriate, and the preferred embodiment is still disposed at the uppermost position. The upper end surface of the solar cell is provided with an anti-reflective reflective layer 5 having a plurality of tapered transparent portions 5 i formed on the solar lunar cell 1 regardless of the incident light 7 The ef is projected into the tapered transparent portion 5 i and can be projected downward to the solar cell 1 without being reflected and diffused to other directions. The structure of the conical transparent portion 51 can generally be Pyramid or semi-spherical sphere, triangular cone, polygonal pyramidal 'or aspherical concave-convex structure' anti-reflection layer - general etching The method of etching is applied to the anti-reflection function of the solar cell meter. The solar cell is provided with a heat dissipation module 6 under the solar cell, and the common components are ceramic, graphite (carb), semiconductor, polymer ( Polymer, metal, metal alloy, etc., or heat sink or heat pipe. The difference is the heat transfer of the material. 2010 201071 The higher the thermal conductivity, the faster it will be. The heat is discharged to the air', but the heat dissipating material should not be limited to the above. The heat dissipating module 6 can absorb the heat energy generated by the solar cell 1 and transfer it to the air, so that the temperature of the solar cell 1 can be effectively controlled without causing Influencing the role of the electron-hole pair of the semiconductor, thereby effectively maintaining the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell. Please refer to the figure 8 in the figure, 'the reflective concentrating member 4 can also be π η into the lens barrel, the overall volume and thickness Larger, belonging to a thick-volume component structure but also suitable for outdoor large-area installations, it also has a reflecting surface 41, a light entrance 42 and a light exit 43. The reflection The concentrating member 4 may be a high-reflective metal composed of a hollow thin shell, a light-transmissive thin-shell glass, or a reflection of high reflectivity of 2 = f on its reflecting surface 41. The reflecting concentrating member 4 If it is composed of solid light-transmissive glass or plastic body, if the light cannot achieve total reflection ((10)^reflection) or the total reflection effect is not good, the reflective surface 4 may be plated with a reflective film to increase the reflection. In essence:: the condensing concentrating member 4 and the reflection shown in the sixth or seventh figure: the difference lies in the thinning of the thickness, and the setting concept is similar, so that the equivalent seven embodiment can also be achieved. Efficacy: The above embodiment illustrates the thick τ of the reflective concentrating member of the present invention or the component structure of the thin cymbal and the plate, which is used in the same case as the refracting concentrating member: the sun is placed . The refracting concentrating member 3 can also be replaced by a general-purpose three-element assembly structure or a thin-film sheet component structure with a Fresnel Iens and a micro-junction 201005971 HOE with a Fresnel Iens lens. The same difference can be effectively reduced when the thickness of the optical component is used in the sheet and the sheet metal. Therefore, the refracting concentrating member 3 and the reflecting concentrating member 4 of the solar cell of the present invention can be selected to have a thick volume member or a sheet diaphragm sheet member structure as needed. The solar cell with the polymer poly-lumen of the present invention can reduce the influence of heat on the solar photoelectric conversion system, except that the polymer multilayer film 2 is disposed on the solar power device to partially penetrate or reflect the light. Maintain the efficiency and efficiency of solar wafer cells. When using a solar photovoltaic conversion system having a high concentrating ability and high conversion efficiency, that is, the present invention can select one of the concentrating optical elements (refraction) in addition to the yttrium molecular multilayer film 2 on the solar cell 1. The concentrating member 3 or the reflective concentrating member 4) or the two concentrating optical elements (the refracting concentrating member 3 and the reflecting concentrating member 4) are simultaneously mounted on the solar cell 1, and the relative positions of the components can also be Replace it in a timely manner. The following beneficial effects can be produced by the present invention: The polymer multilayer film 2 can reflect sunlight of an unsuitable wavelength band and allow sunlight of a suitable wavelength band to pass, so that the solar light that is not suitable for the wavelength band can be effectively filtered to form the reflected light 8 Reflected back into the air, the solar cell 1 absorbs only the incident light 7 whose photon energy is greater than the band of the energy gap, so that the solar cell can be prevented from generating excess heat energy and the temperature is raised, thereby reducing the heat dissipation burden of the heat dissipation module 6, effectively The photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell 1 is maintained. However, the drawings and descriptions disclosed above are only examples of the implementation of the present invention, which is based on the above-mentioned description. However, those skilled in the art can make other improvements according to the above descriptions, and these changes still belong to the invention of the present invention. Spirit and the scope of patents defined by . BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The first figure is a first embodiment of the present invention. The :_ diagram is a schematic view of the solar projection of the second embodiment of the U. The figure is a perspective view of a second embodiment of the invention. The 二$2 diagram is the third embodiment of the present invention. The fourth figure is a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The fifth figure is the fifth embodiment of the present invention. The six figures are the sixth embodiment of the invention. The seventh figure is a seventh embodiment of the present invention. The eighth figure is an eighth embodiment of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] 1 Solar cell sin 2 咼 molecular multilayer film 21 polymer optical interference layer 2 2 skin layer 3 refracting concentrating member 4 Reflecting concentrating member 4 1 reflecting surface 4 2 light entrance port 4 3 light exit port 23 201005971 5 anti-reflection layer 5 1 tapered light transmission part 6 heat dissipation module 7 incident light 8 reflected light