TW201005505A - Instant boot-up computer and its operation method - Google Patents

Abstract

In order to improve the waiting of the long booting up process, this invention discloses an instant boot-up computer, which includes a dynamic memory for storing an operation system so that the operation system can be loaded from the dynamic memory during the process of the computer boot-up, and an independent standby power supply for supplying power to the dynamic memory when the computer is in standby mode so as to store the operation system in the dynamic memory. The invention also discloses a method for instantly booting the computer up, which includes storing the operation system in the dynamic memory when the computer is turned off, and providing an independent standby power supply so that the operation system can be stored in the dynamic memory and can be loaded from the dynamic memory when the computer is booted up.

Description

201005505 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a computer and an operating method thereof, and more particularly to a computer for instantaneous booting and a method of operating the same. [Prior Art] For a long time, the booting process of the personal computer has always been a problem that plagued the user. 'The operating system (〇S-Operating system) constantly adds new functions'. Although the computer hardware specifications and speed are constantly improving, but the hardware The speed of progress is not enough to make up for the new features added to the operating system, making the PC boot time longer and longer. When the PC is turned on, the system loads a large amount of operating system and data from the hard disk drive, and the time required from booting to the operating system is about 4 sec to 9 sec. In order to achieve the effect of instant power-on, the digital audio-visual entertainment platform on the market abandoned the power of the Wind〇ws operating system and most personal computers. Mainly to play CD, MP3 music and vcd / dvd film-based, and digital "electricity if the corpse broadcast audio and video media, but to boot into a huge operating system, this waiting time is a problem we must face. In order to achieve an instant booting system like a home appliance and avoid waiting for a long time for the operating system to load from the hard disk drive, there are currently several ways to do not enter the operating system, and the function of playing the audio and video media can also be achieved. Just like home appliances, the function of instantly playing audio and video media is not loaded into the wind〇ws system because of some methods. Therefore, only the preset multimedia playback function can be executed 'cannot execute other application software. These methods are: 130700.doc 201005505 1. Hardware-based multimedia playback system: replaces the software multimedia playback function of the Windows operating system with a hardware versatile disc digital signal processor (DSP). 2. LinuX multimedia playback system: Abandoning the Windows operating system, the Linux operating system with small capacity and fast execution speed is used as the operating system of the multimedia player. 3. BIOS multimedia playback system: no need for Windows, Linux and other operating systems, the multimedia player built into the system's basic input / output system • (BI0S), you can directly play video and audio multimedia without entering the operating system. In addition, the method of speeding up the boot is generally to increase the performance of the hard disk drive (HDD). Create a disk array (RAID-Redundant Array 〇f Independent

Disks), or increase the hard drive's cache to improve the performance of the hard drive, but limited by the mechanical storage structure of the hard drive, these improvements have limited help on boot speed. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the problem of a long boot process, the present invention discloses a computer for instantaneous booting 9 and an operation method thereof. An embodiment of the present invention relates to an instant-on computer that includes a dynamic state memory for storing an operating system to load the operating system from the dynamic memory when the computer is turned on, and an independent The standby power supply is configured to supply power to the dynamic memory when the computer is in standby, and save the operating system in the dynamic memory. Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for instantly turning on a computer, including storing an operating system in a dynamic memory when the computer is turned off, 130700.doc 201005505, and providing a separate standby power supply to operate the operating system It is stored in the dynamic memory, and when the power is turned on, the operating system is loaded from the dynamic memory. The invention replaces the physical shutdown mechanism (System 〇 ff) with a system standby mechanism (Suspend t〇rAM), and writes the operating system to the memory when the computer is turned off, waiting for the next booting, directly loading from the memory instead of the hard disk. Machine loading, using high-speed transmission of memory to improve the wait for a long boot process. [Embodiment]

In the invention of the present invention - the t, the computer that is turned on at the instant disclosed in the present disclosure may be a personal computer, a notebook computer, or a laptop computer, etc., and includes a dynamic memory i 14 for storing an operating system. The dynamic memory 114 can execute 4 small independent dynamic memories other than the dynamic memory of the program when the computer is working, so that the computer can store the operating system when the computer is turned off - dynamic memory And the next time you turn it on, load the operating system from this dynamic memory. In standby mode, only a separate power source is required to supply the dynamic memory of the storage operating system, so that the operating system is stored in the dynamic memory. In another embodiment of the present invention, the method of revealing the method of instantly turning on the computer includes the following steps: storing an operating system in a dynamic memory when the computer is turned off, providing a separate standby power source to The operating system is stored in the dynamic memory, and when the power is turned on, the operating system is loaded from the dynamic memory. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a standby system 100 of another embodiment of the present invention, a standby power source, as shown in FIG. 1 5 VSB, 130700.doc 201005505 voltage regulator (LDOl-Low Drop Output) Power Regulator) 101 is converted to a second standby power supply, such as 3 VSB, and then through switch 1 〇 2, and 3.3 V switching output is 3 VDUAL, respectively, supply and output control chip (Super I / O) 11 〇, input / output The power supply of the hub (ICH) m, the network chip (LAN) 112, and the clock generator 113 is controlled. The power supply for the USB and PS/2 interface 107 is switched between 5 VSB and 5 V via switch 105, resulting in a direct supply of 5 VSB supply. The switches 102, 105 and 106 described above may be metal oxide semiconductor (MOSFET) switches. In another preferred embodiment, the memory power source for storing state data is also switched via 5 VSB and 5 V through switches 1〇6 to generate a 5 VDUAL power supply, and the pulse width modulation is regulated by a PWM Regulator-Pulse.

Width Modulated Power Regulator 108, which generates a 1.8 V supply of the recorder power supply '1 · 8 V, and then converts the 0.9V terminating resistor power supply via the linear voltage regulator ld〇2 109 to supply the terminal resistor 丨丨7 of the memory. In another preferred embodiment, the computer that is turned on instantaneously may further include an ACPI control chip 1 〇 4 ' which controls the switching of all switches 1 〇 2, 1 〇 5, and ι 〇 6 . The ACPI control chip 1〇4 controls each group of power supplies to switch to different power sources in different states of the system to provide different power requirements. When the system is turned on, all power supplies are switched to the normal power source (3_3V/5V/12V..·), and during standby, the power is switched to standby. The power supplied by each device varies depending on the state of the standby. In another preferred embodiment, the computer that is turned on instantaneously stores an operating system in the dynamic memory during standby, and requires an additional standby power supply to provide memory holding data, which uses a complementary metal oxide semiconductor 130700. Doc 201005505 (CMOS) is a power switch that prevents static leakage between the chip and the module. Table 1 shows that 3 VDUAL is powered by 3.3 V except in the S0 state. The S3/S4/S5 are all supplied by 3 VSB. 5 VUSB loses power in S5 state, and S3/S4 switches to 5 VSB. S3/S4 provides standby power to support the keyboard or mouse to wake up the system. 5 VDUAL provides power for the memory. When the system is powered on, it consumes a lot of current. Each dynamic memory module can reach up to 2.35 A, so it needs to switch to the general 5 V power supply, and the S3 standby system needs to store the system. The data is returned, so 5 VSB standby power is provided. At this time, the memory enters the automatic charging mode to avoid data loss, and the current consumption is 1.8 V/100 mA per memory module. The memory module does not need to store data during S4/S5, and does not need standby power. Therefore, the S4 is turned off during S4/S5, leaving only S3 to switch to standby power. Table 1, ACPI standby power source table

State S5 SO S3 S4 3VDUAL 3VSB 3.3V 3VSB 3VSB 5VUSB OFF 5V 5VSB 5VSB 5VDUAL OFF 5V 5VSB OFF Figure 2 uses a digital oscilloscope 201 and a current probe, the measurement power supply 202 is connected between the motherboard, the central processing unit (CPU ) 2031 and 5VSB currents in each state. Figure 3 shows the power consumption of the CPU and 5 VSB in each state when the system of Figure 1 is actually operating. The power consumption of each state of the system of Fig. 1 is measured. The probe 1 is the CPU power consumption, and the probe 2 is 5 VSB. Starting from the initial S5, the maximum power consumption of the CPU can reach 132 W, and the average of 5 VSB is about 1.75 W at S5; 130700.doc 201005505 is about 2.5W at S3; about L5W at S3. The reason why the 5 VSB standby cylinder is reduced when starting up is because the power is consumed. Because the power supply has a general power supply when the power is turned on, the system will switch the power of the 拄撬& 戢 ...... a power supply to the general power supply, The standby power supply is required, so the standby power is naturally reduced. Quantity = standby power supply made by the system 5 · (~ (four) power consumption measurement status

5VSB Power

If, standby power consumption measurement meter S5 S0 S3 480mA ~2AW~

S4 300mA — 1.5W It can be seen from the table that the power consumption of the S3 standby is 1.45 W more than the standard of the second phase of shutdown. If the S3 standby power consumption is reduced below i w, the S3 standby state can be used instead of the S5 shutdown. ❹ Figure 4 shows the power consumption measurement chart of the regulator. Using 2 electric (four) rods, the power consumption of the voltage regulator is measured by the digital oscilloscope 4G1. After measuring the input and output currents respectively, according to the pre-adjustment and adjusted voltage, the input and output power can be calculated, and then the output power is calculated. Subtracting the input power is the power consumed by the voltage regulator, as shown by the equation (丨).

Pdis. = Pinpm - P〇utput = Vinput X Iinput - Vmtput XV〇u(put (1) For devices using standby power in the system, measure 3 vdual and 5 VSB respectively at S5 and S3 current and power consumption, Table 3 is 3 vmjAL The standby power consumption measurement table and Table 4 are the 5 VSB standby power consumption measurement table: Ι 30700.doc -ΙΟ 201005505

Table 3, 3 VDUAL Standby Power Consumption Meter Status S5 S3 3VDUAL Current Power Current Power Super I/O 0.56 mA 1.85 mW 0.56 mA 1.85 mW ICH 26.5 mA 87.45 mW 26.7 mA 88.11 mW LAN 140 mA 462 mW 140 mA 462 mW Clock Generator 38 mA 125.4 mW 38 mA 125.4 mW Real Time Clock 7 uA 23 uW 7uA 23uW Total 205.06 mA 676.7 mW 205.06mA 676.7mW Table 4, 5 VSB Standby Power Consumption Meter

Status S5 S3 5VSB Current Power Current Power ACPI Controller 7 mA 35 mW 7 mA 35 mW PS/2KB/MS 0A 0 W 20 mA 100 mW DIMM 0A OW 136 mA 680 mW Power LED 64 mA 320 mW 64 mA 320 mW Total 71 mA 355 mW 224 mA 1120 mW In the system of Figure 1, the standby power of the USB and PS/2 interface 107 is to support the keyboard or mouse wake-up system function, so if you do not use the keyboard, mouse wake-up function, you can The standby function of the S3 is turned off. Similarly, the network chip 112 uses the standby power supply to support the WOL-Wake on LAN function. The same as the keyboard and the mouse 107, when the network wake-up function is not used. It can also turn off the standby power of its S3. The clock generator 113 uses the standby power supply for the purpose of providing the 26 MHz operating frequency of the network chip 112. Therefore, the power of the clock generator can be turned off at the same time as the network chip is turned off. For example, the standby power supply of FIG. 1 The system block diagram contains 3 switches and 3 power 130700.doc -11 - 201005505 voltage regulators. There are 2 linear voltage regulators (LDO) and 1 pulse width voltage regulator (PWM) in the voltage regulator. In this power system, as shown in Table 5, the maximum power consumption during S3 standby is 680 mW for memory 114, followed by 462 mW for network chip 112 and 348 mW for voltage regulator 108. In this power supply system, the loss of voltage conversion can be further improved by another preferred embodiment. Table 5, voltage regulator power consumption measurement table

State S5 S3 Regulator Current Power Current Power LDOl3VSB 205.06 mA 348.6 mW 205.06 mA 348.6 mW LD02 0.9V 0 0 260 mA 234 mW PWM1.8V 0 0 33.6 mA 168 mW Total 348.6 mW 750.6 mW Embodiments of the present invention may be further unused When the keyboard, mouse, and Wake-on-LAN feature are turned off, turn off their standby power. In addition, in order to provide a 25 MHz operating frequency of the network chip, the clock chip is turned off and the power of the clock generator is also turned off at the same time. As shown in Figure 5, the open relationship is connected between the power supply and the wafer via a MOSFET to control the power supply to be turned on or off. When the system is powered on, the ACPI controller outputs 5V_DRV=HIGH, 3VSBDRV=LOW, and the 1st and 4/8th pins of Q41 are turned on. At this time, 3乂1^1^ is output from ¥(^3 source 3.3¥. When\ ^01^ When the function is set to start and enters standby mode, 5V_DRV=LOW, 3VSBDRV=HIGH, pin 3 and 5/6 of Q41 are turned on, and 3VLAN outputs 3.3V from 3VDUAL. When entering standby mode, WOL function is set to off. When, 130700.doc 12 201005505 5V_DRV=LOW, 3VSBDRV=LOW, the internal 2 MOSFETs of Q41 are not turned on, 3VLAN is turned off. The same control method as 3VDUAL, ACPI controller outputs 5V-DRV, 5VUSBDRV to control the conduction of Q22 Whether or not to determine the state of the output power supply 5VUSB. As shown in Fig. 6, the LDO1 of 5 VSB to 3 VSB is only 66% efficient due to the structural factor of the voltage 5V to 3.3V, and the calculation is as shown in equation (2), of which 34 The power of °/. is converted to heat and wasted, and the power consumed increases due to the increase in load current.

3.3V X I ~5VxI

3.3V 5V 66% (2) Embodiments of the present invention can further reduce the power consumption with a high efficiency pulse width modulation (PWM) voltage regulator. Actually measure the LDO and PWM voltage regulator efficiency from 5 v to 3.3 V, and plot the efficiency curve as shown in Figure 7. 'When the output current is greater than 1 mA, the pulse width voltage regulator is significantly better than the LDO linear voltage regulation. Device.

In a 5V to 3.3V LDO circuit, the power consumption is 348.5 mW when the output current is 205 mA. Use the high efficiency pulse width modulation voltage regulator of Figure 8 to improve. In a 3 VSB power supply circuit, using a PWM to replace the LDO can reduce the power consumption of this voltage regulator to 8 〇 mW. The embodiment of the present invention can further turn off the LD 〇 2 power supply of Figure 1, as shown in Figure 9. In the state of S3, the memory controller only needs to keep the internal scratchpad data, and does not need to control the memory to the memory, so the 0.9V dynamic memory termination resistor 9〇1 power supply, at S3 It is not needed 'can be closed directly. Close 〇, after 9V terminating resistor power supply, reduce 130700.doc -13- 201005505 Less power consumption is 234 mW consumed by LD02 itself and 234 mW consumed by load resistor, so closing LD02 can reduce 468 mW. Another embodiment of the present invention can further increase the reference voltage divider resistance value. As shown in FIG. 10, in the voltage divider circuit of the reference voltage of FIG. 10, the dynamic memory termination resistor 1001 (1.8V) is from R197. After dividing the voltage with R194, the 0.9V reference voltage (VREF) is obtained at the intermediate point, and the U6 output voltage level reference is provided for reference *-. But this will have a continuous 0.9 mA leakage current, so increase 1 ΙίΩ * to 100 kD to reduce leakage current. β There are three sets of identical reference voltage circuits on the memory controller and the memory of the Α/Β channel. In the same way as LD02, the piezoresistive resistance is increased from 1 kQ to 100 kQ. The four sets of reference voltage circuits can reduce the power consumption by 6.48 mW to 64.8 μλΥ. Figure 11 is another embodiment of the present invention, further including an architecture for improving the power LEDs. In the power indicator circuit of Figure 11, the LED uses green/yellow two-color reverse-connected LEDs, which are green when turned on, S3 standby, and S4 when sleeping, and are controlled by the SUS_LED and PWR_LED signal pins of the ACPI control chip. The status of the control signal and power indicator are shown in Table 6. Table 6, Control Signal and Power Indicator Status Table Status S5 S0 S3 S4

LED Color_OFF_Green_Yellow_Yellow High=5VLow=GND Since SUS_LED and PWR_LED signal pins are designed as open drain 130700.doc -14· 201005505 (Open-Drain) 24 mA architecture 'cannot drive two-color LED' The circuit is used as a current amplifier. When turned on ’ SUS_LED=LOW/PWR_LED=HIGH ’ Q2 is turned on, Q1 is not turned on, and 5 VSB is lit green by R1 through D1 and then from Q2 to GND’. At the same time, 5 VSB has an additional current of about 32 mA from R2 through Q2 to GND. This extra 32 mA causes an unnecessary loss of 160 mW. The same loss occurs on R1 and Q1 when the yellow light is on, so the circuit is modified to a Push-Pull circuit and the bi-polar element is changed to O CMOS to reduce power consumption. Figure 12 shows the circuit of the modified power indicator. When it is turned on, SUS_LED=LOW/ PWR_LED=HIGH, Q2/Q3 is turned on, Q1/Q4 is not turned on, and 5 VSB is passed by R1 through Q3, D1 and then from Q2 to GND. The green light, 160 mW wasted by R2 before modification, was reduced due to Q4 non-conduction; as a result, no additional current was added when the standby light was yellow. In order to save more power, change the R2 resistance to 330 Ω, the brightness will be halved when the indicator light is yellow, the current will be reduced from 18.6 mA to 8.5 mA, and the power consumption will be reduced from 93 mW to 42 ❹ mW, which can save 211 m W after modification. . According to another embodiment of the present invention, it is also possible to reduce the clock of the dynamic memory of the stored operating system during standby, thereby further reducing power consumption. FIG. 13 is another embodiment of the present invention. In the standby power system 1300, the USB and PS/2 interface 1301, the input/output control chip (Super I/O) 1302, and the input/output control hub (ICH) 1303 are closed. Network chip (LAN) 1304 and clock generator 1305 power supply, plus pulse width modulation voltage regulator (PWM) 1306 providing dynamic memory 1308 power supply, power / standby 130700.doc -15- 201005505 indication The improved light-emitting one-pole 1307' turns off the dynamic memory termination resistor, reduces the clock of the dynamic memory of the storage operating system, and reduces the power consumption in standby mode, off-hour, and time to 1W or less. As shown in Figure 14, compare the products produced by other manufacturers and measure their standby power consumption and standby response time. The three other products are listed separately and the system of Figure 13 is improved before and after improvement. Among them, the product eight is defined as the player-level. A large number of LEDs are added to the products, and all of them are lit up during standby to increase the visual effect, so the power consumption has always been high. Product C is a practical low-cost product that does not have much fancy features, so it produces a better energy efficiency ratio. The system used in this experiment is a product centered on both product B and product C. The power consumption and recovery time were not excellent before the improvement, but after the improvement, the standby power consumption was reduced from the original 24 w to 0.7 W. And it can be booted into the operating system within 3 seconds to achieve the goal of instant startup of the personal computer. The experiment of Table 7 shows the size of the dynamic memory and standby power occupied by the three different operating systems in the embodiment of the present invention. Table 7 shows the size of dynamic memory and standby power occupied by different operating systems. Operating system occupied memory dynamic memory standby power consumption

As can be seen from the above table, the memory system used to implement the computer and the method of operation of the present invention 130700.doc -16-201005505 is less than 5 丨 2 MB, and the power consumed is much less than 1 W. At such a low cost, it is indeed possible to complete the action of starting the machine within 3 seconds. This improvement is an innovation and significant advancement of the invention. Although the technical content and features of the present invention are as described above, those of ordinary skill in the art of the present invention may still deviate from the teachings and disclosures of the present invention. Many changes and modifications are made. The scope of the invention is therefore not to be construed as limited by the scope of the inventions BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a personal computer standby power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of power consumption measurement of cpu and 5 VSB according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of power consumption measurement of a voltage regulator according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a USB, PS/2 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Interface and 3 VLAN power control circuit; FIG. 6 is an ld〇 voltage regulator according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 7 is a measurement of a voltage regulator of a voltage regulator according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is the present invention. A PWM voltage regulator of one embodiment. FIG. 9 is a diagram of an embodiment of the present invention to further turn off the LD 〇 2 power supply of FIG. 1; 130700.doc -17· 201005505 FIG. 1 is another embodiment of the present invention to further increase the reference voltage divider resistance value; Another embodiment of the present invention further includes an architecture for improving the indicator light of the power LED; FIG. 12 is a circuit for modifying the power indicator; FIG. 13 is another embodiment of the present invention; The produced products 'measure their standby power consumption and standby response time separately. [Main component symbol description] 100 Standby power supply system 101 Linear voltage regulator 102 '105' 106 Switch 104 ACPI control chip 107 USB and PS/2 interface 108 Pulse width modulation voltage regulator 109 Linear voltage regulator 110 Input/output Control Chip (Super I/O) 111 Input/Output Control Hub (ICH) 112 Network Chip (LAN) 113 Clock Generator 114 Dynamic Memory 117 5 Receptor Terminal Resistor 201 Digital Oscilloscope 202 Power Supply

130700.doc 201005505 203 Computer 2031 Central Processing Unit (CPU) 401 Digital Oscilloscope 402 Voltage Regulator 901, 1001 Dynamic Memory Terminating Resistor 1300 Standby Power System 1301 USB and PS/2 Interface 1302 Output Control Chip (Super I/O) 1303 Input/Output Control Hub (ICH) 1304 Network Chip (LAN) 1305 Clock Generator 1306 Pulse Width Modulation Voltage Regulator (PWM) 1307 Power/Standby Indicator Light Emitting Diode

130700.doc 19-

Claims (1)

201005505 X. Patent application scope: 1. A computer that is turned on instantly, which contains: a memory system for storing an operating system to load the operating system from the dynamic memory when the computer is turned on; and an independent standby power source for providing power to the computer during standby of the computer The body '俾 saves the operating system in the dynamic memory. 2. The computer of claim 1, wherein the computer is a personal computer, a laptop computer or a notebook computer. ❼ 3. 4. 5. 6. ❷ 7. The computer of claim 1, further comprising at least one switch to switch a first voltage source to a second voltage source. The computer of claim 3, wherein the switch is a metal oxide field effect transistor (MOSFET) switch. For example, the computer of Kiss 3 includes a controller for controlling the switching of the switch to provide different power requirements. The computer of claim 1 further includes a power switch of a complementary MOS semiconductor. The computer of claim 6 further includes a controller for controlling the power switch. 8. The computer of claim 1, further comprising a pulse width modulation voltage regulator for converting a first voltage source into a second voltage source. 9. The computer of claim 1, wherein the standby power source consumes less than or equal to 1 watt (W). 10. A method for instantly turning on a computer, comprising: storing an operating system in a dynamic memory when the computer is turned off; 130700.doc 201005505 providing a separate standby power supply to save the operating system in the dynamic memory In the body; and At runtime, the operating system is loaded from the dynamic memory. 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising converting the first voltage source to a second voltage source using the at least one switch. 12. The method of claim 10, further comprising converting a first voltage source to a second voltage source using a pulse width modulation voltage regulator. 13. If the method of request 1 is included, when the boot function of the universal serial bus (usb), PS/2 interface keyboard/mouse and network is turned off, turn off the usb, PS/2 interface keyboard/mouse and The power of the network chip. 14. The method of claim 11 further comprising controlling switching of the at least one switch using a controller. 15. As claimed in claim 1, the terminating resistor power supply. To provide different power needs. The method further includes turning off the dynamic memory when the computer is turned off. 16. The method of claim 14, further comprising turning off the power of the clock generator when the network chip is turned off. 17. If the β green is 1〇, the value of the voltage divider resistor in the reference voltage divider circuit is increased. The method of item 10 of the month further includes reducing the clock of the dynamic memory at the time of shutdown. 130700.doc