201004082 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係提供一種用於一電源供應器的過電流保護裝置及其 相關電源供應器，尤指一種可使對應於不同輸入電壓開始進行過 電流保護的電壓得以一致的過電流保護裝置及其相關電源供應 器。 【先前技術】 電源供應器是用來提供電子裝置操作所需之電源，依其電路結 構通系可分為線性電源供應器（Ljnear p〇wer Supply )及切換式 電源供應器（SwitchingPowerSupply)等兩種。其中，切換式電 源供應益具有體積小、重量輕及轉換效率高的優點，使得其已被 廣泛地運用至各領域，例如行動通訊裝置、個人數㈣理、電腦 與周邊設備、伺服糾及網路設備等電子裝置中。 伴供應^正常穩定崎作，供應11之㈣電路中的 非常重要的部分’例如過電壓、過電流、過功率等伴 :功…-旦财魏雜路之情況發生 夕、 電源供應器便可避免内部树或相關設備遭受3。機制之 °月參考弟1圖’第1圖為習知—電源供應器100之示意圖。電 6 201004082 源t、應益U)0包含-4壓器102、—功率開關1〇4、一電流偵測單 元106、一比較窃1〇8及一脈波寬度調變控制單元11〇。變壓器 包含一-次側電路L1及-二次側電路L2，用來將一輸入訊號、 轉換為-輸出訊號vOUT。功率開關1〇4搞接於一次側電路L1，用 以控制賴器102之運作。在第1圖中，功率開關·係由-功 率％曰曰體Q1所貫現，其可根據脈波寬度調變控制單元所輪出 之控制訊號，來控制其婦至導通狀態或是關狀態。電流偵測 單元106=耦接於該功率電晶體Q1之汲極，其係由一電流偵測電 1"曰Res所λ現來提供-電流|貞測訊號，以估側流過功率電 甜體Q之人側電机ILl之大小與變化情形。比較器娜用以比 ^電肌偵測為虎Vcs與-參考電堡％，使得脈波寬度調變控制 單元110可據關斷是否已達過電流賴制。例如，當電流偵 測訊號VCS高於該參考電壓¥咖時，比較器⑽可傳送一指示訊 號S〇c至脈波_賤控鮮元則，畔耐紐，麟波寬度 1.. 調_制單元110可控制功率電晶體Φ關閉，以降低-次側電流 Ili之大小。 上述的保護機制，經由電流偵測訊號〜與 =將電流控制在適當的範圍内以達到保護的目腳 流偵測訊號〜高於參考 ”、、而田電 想因子，使彳_路中必定存在非理 波寬产㈣ 1〇4亚非即時關閉，尚需—段時間後，脈 …又…交控制早兀11〇才能關閉功率 過電流發生到功率門關1Λ,— 力W自知/則出 汗I 04貫際停止導通間，存在著一傳遞延遲 201004082 時間、’ _實際敍導_電流大小會略高於設定值。換句 ==過電流保護時蝴(以T簡稱保護刪會 生時的電壓大，且在不同輸人電壓、之情況下，保護 點電壓亦會不同。 詳細來說，請參考第2圖，第2圖為傳遞延遲時間對不同輸入 電[之保廣點電虔差異的示意圖。電源供應器謂之輸入電壓值 ^與電流_訊號Vgs電壓值上升斜率係呈正比。亦即，當參考 :壓VreF之大小相同時’一高輸入電會產生斜率較大的電 流偵測訊號，而—低輸人電壓％則產生斜率較小的電流偵測訊 唬，其中’同一電源供應器中有相同之傳遞延遲時間Tdelay，傳遞 ㈣時間Tdelay與輸人電壓大小無關。如第2圖所示，當電流偵測 =虎vcs上升至參考電龄赃之功率限制準位時，亦即電流镇測 mcsA於或等於參考電壓^時，比較器1〇8傳送指示訊號201004082 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention provides an overcurrent protection device for a power supply and an associated power supply thereof, and more particularly, an overcurrent can be started corresponding to different input voltages. The protected voltage is consistent with the overcurrent protection device and its associated power supply. [Prior Art] The power supply is used to supply the power required for the operation of the electronic device. According to the circuit structure, it can be divided into a linear power supply (Ljnear p〇wer Supply) and a switching power supply (SwitchingPowerSupply). Kind. Among them, the switching power supply has the advantages of small size, light weight and high conversion efficiency, which has been widely used in various fields, such as mobile communication devices, personal data (four), computer and peripheral equipment, servo correction network. In electronic devices such as road equipment. With the supply of ^ normal and stable, supply 11 (four) very important part of the circuit 'such as over voltage, over current, over power, etc.: work ... - Dan Cai Wei Road, the power supply can be Avoid internal trees or related devices suffering from 3. The mechanism of the mechanism is shown in Fig. 1 which is a schematic diagram of a conventional power supply unit 100. Electricity 6 201004082 Source t, benefit U) 0 includes a -4 voltage regulator 102, a power switch 1〇4, a current detecting unit 106, a relatively stealing 1〇8, and a pulse width modulation control unit 11〇. The transformer includes a primary-side circuit L1 and a secondary-side circuit L2 for converting an input signal to an output signal vOUT. The power switch 1〇4 is connected to the primary side circuit L1 for controlling the operation of the loader 102. In Fig. 1, the power switch is realized by the -power% body Q1, which can control the woman to the on state or the off state according to the control signal rotated by the pulse width modulation control unit. . The current detecting unit 106 is coupled to the drain of the power transistor Q1, and is provided by a current detecting circuit 1" 曰Res λ to provide a current-measurement signal to estimate the lateral flow power sweetness The size and variation of the human side motor IL1 of the body Q. The comparator Na is used to detect the tiger Vcs and the reference electric castle %, so that the pulse width modulation control unit 110 can determine whether the current has been reached according to the shutdown. For example, when the current detection signal VCS is higher than the reference voltage ¥00, the comparator (10) can transmit an indication signal S〇c to the pulse wave _ 贱 control fresh element, the bank resistance, the lin wave width 1.. The unit 110 can control the power transistor Φ to turn off to reduce the magnitude of the secondary side current Ili. The above protection mechanism, through the current detection signal ~ and = will control the current within the appropriate range to achieve the protection of the foot flow detection signal ~ higher than the reference", and the field of the power factor, so that the road must be There is an unreasonable wave wide production (4) 1 〇 4 Asian non-immediate shutdown, still need - after a period of time, pulse ... and ... control before 11 〇 can turn off the power over current occurs to the power gate off 1 Λ, - force W know / then Sweating I 04 continually stops conduction, there is a transmission delay 201004082 time, ' _ actual 〗 _ current size will be slightly higher than the set value. In other words == over current protection butterfly (T short name protection delete The voltage at the time is large, and the voltage at the protection point will be different under different input voltages. In detail, please refer to Figure 2, and Figure 2 shows the transmission delay time for different input powers. Schematic diagram of the difference between the power supply and the input voltage value of the power supply is proportional to the rising slope of the current_signal Vgs voltage value. That is, when the reference voltage VreF is the same size, a high input power will produce a large slope. Current detection signal, and low input The pressure % produces a current detection signal with a small slope, where 'the same power supply has the same transmission delay time Tdelay, and the transmission (four) time Tdelay has nothing to do with the input voltage. As shown in Fig. 2, when the current is detected Test = When the tiger vcs rises to the power limit level of the reference battery age, that is, when the current parity mcsA is equal to or equal to the reference voltage ^, the comparator 1 〇 8 transmits the indication signal
Soc至脈波寬度調變控制單元11〇，以將功率電晶體φ關閉 '經 傳遞延遲時間Tdelay後’功率開關舰始關閉，則一次側電路L1 .¾ L LI 之切fe/f。自檢測出過電流發生至功率開關刚實際停止 導通的時間，輸人電壓會持續傳遞功率，使得對應於高輸入電廢The Soc-to-pulse width modulation control unit 11A turns off the power transistor φ 'after the transmission delay time Tdelay', and the power switch is turned off, and the primary side circuit L1 .3⁄4 L LI is cut fe/f. Since the detection of the overcurrent occurs until the power switch is actually stopped, the input voltage will continue to transmit power, so that it corresponds to the high input power waste.
Vh之保相電縣vQPPH ’㈣應於低輸人電壓之保護點電壓 為。換句話說’保護點電壓會高於參考電壓Vref，且輸入電 左越呵’差異狀況越鶴。在此情形下，當交流輸人電壓在〜 264V大制_化’賴點會顧漂移，使得高低駄賴之輸 出功率的落差極大。 201004082 【發明内容】 因此’本务明之主要目的即在於提供一種用於—電源供應器的 過電流保護H置及其相關電源供應器。 本發明揭路-種防止過電流損害之輯供應器，Βϋι】八 =用來'輸人_5臟整流及濾波以產生―第—電源訊號；一變 顧置，包含有--次側電路，_於該輸人級，及—二次側電 路’用來將該第-電源訊號轉_—第二電源訊號；一功率開關， ;/人側電路’ 一電流偵測單元，搞接於該功率開關，用 來_流_辨關之該—次側電路之電流， =;=出級娜該簡置，用來將該第二電：： :w 叹—過魏保魏置，雛於該電流偵測單元 補ά αι_ 冑接收知’用來接收該電流偵測訊號；- ，接於該接收端，用來補償該電流_訊號，以 =1=_償訊號；-第—參考電壓產生單元，用來產生 考電難娜’祕於_償電流單元及該第一參 壓，以產生用來比㈣電流齡糊償訊號及鮮-參考電 據姐較結果’控制該辨咖之導通情形。 本發明另揭露-種餘-電源供 應器的過電流保護裝置，包含 201004082 有一接收端，用來接收—電流_訊號；—補償電流單元，雛 於，咖償細__，啦―糊測補償 心虎，1—參考糕產生單元，用來產生-第-參考電壓；— 比較器，_於_償電流單元及該第—參考電驗生單元，用 來比較該電流侧補償訊歧該第—參考麵，料生—比較社 果；一控制單元’墟於該比較器，用來根據該比較結果，控^ 该電源供應器之一功率開關的導通狀態。 【實施方式】 請參考第3圖’第3圖為本發明實施例—電源供岸哭之 賴。電源供應器勤較佳地為—切換式電源供應器。電源供應 裔300包含有-輸入級3()2、—變壓裝置3(M、—功率開關鄕、 -電流偵測單幻08、-輸出級31G及—過電流保護裝置312。輪 入級302用來對-輸入訊號Vjn整流及濾波以產生一第一電源訊 號vPS1。變壓裝f 304絲於輸入級3〇2，其包含有一一次侧電路 L1及-二次側電路L2 ’用來將第一電源訊號I轉換成一第二 電源訊號I。功率開關佳地由一功率電晶體qi所實現， 其係耗接於-次侧電路U，用來切換變壓裝置·的運作。電流 偵測單元308搞接於功率開㈣306，其較佳地係由一電阻&戶= 現，用來伽卜次側電路L1之電流，以產生—電流侧訊號&。 輸出級3U)墟於變職置3G4，用來將第二電源訊號—輸出 至-負載324。過電流保護裝置312_於功率開關贏及電流價 201004082 測單元308，用來即時監控一次側電流Iu是否在適當的保護範圍 内，一旦超出安全保護範圍時，會將功率開關306關閉，以達&尚 電流保護之目的。 ° 進一步說明過電流保護裝置M2之架構及運作方式。過带 濩裝置312包含有—接收端314、一補償電流單元316、—第—夂 考電麗產生單元318、-比較器32〇及-控制單元姐。接收端31’4 (f接於電流_單元烟’时接收電流制訊號Vgs。補償電流 早凡316輕接於接收端314，用來對電流_訊號Vcs作補償處2 後，產生一電流傾測補償訊號vs cs。第-參考電壓產生單元318 係用來產生—第一參考電壓VreF1。比較器320耦接於補償電流單 凡316及第-參考電壓產生單元318，聽錄電 ^Vh's Baoxiang County vQPPH ’(4) should be at the protection point voltage of the low input voltage. In other words, the 'protection point voltage will be higher than the reference voltage Vref, and the input voltage will be left.' Under this circumstance, when the AC input voltage is at ~ 264V, the large-scale _ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ 201004082 [Description of the Invention] Therefore, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide an overcurrent protection H for the power supply and its associated power supply. The invention discloses a device for preventing overcurrent damage, Βϋι]eight=for 'input _5 dirty rectification and filtering to generate ―first-power signal; one change, including--secondary circuit , _ at the input level, and - the secondary circuit 'used to turn the first power signal _ - the second power signal; a power switch, ; / human side circuit ' a current detection unit The power switch is used to _flow_discriminate the current of the secondary side circuit, =; = the level of the na is set to be used for the second electric:: :w sigh - over Wei Baowei set, young The current detecting unit complements ιαι_ 胄 receiving knowledge 'used to receive the current detecting signal; -, connected to the receiving end, used to compensate the current_signal, with =1=_compensation signal; - first reference The voltage generating unit is configured to generate a test voltage and a first reference voltage to generate a comparison between the (four) current age paste signal and the fresh-reference power data. Turn on the situation. The invention further discloses an overcurrent protection device for a seed-power supply, comprising a 201004082 having a receiving end for receiving a current_signal; a compensation current unit, a small compensation, a fine compensation __, a paste compensation compensation Heart tiger, 1 - reference cake generating unit for generating a - reference voltage; - comparator, _ _ current sink unit and the first reference electrical test unit for comparing the current side compensation signal - reference surface, expected to compare - the fruit; a control unit in the comparator, used to control the conduction state of one of the power supply of the power supply according to the comparison result. [Embodiment] Please refer to FIG. 3'. FIG. 3 is an embodiment of the present invention. The power supply is preferably a switched power supply. The power supply 300 includes an input stage 3 () 2, a transformer device 3 (M, - power switch 鄕, - current detection single phantom 08, - output stage 31G and - overcurrent protection device 312. 302 is used for rectifying and filtering the input-input signal Vjn to generate a first power signal vPS1. The transformer package f 304 is in the input stage 3〇2, and includes a primary side circuit L1 and a secondary side circuit L2' The first power signal I is converted into a second power signal I. The power switch is preferably implemented by a power transistor qi, which is connected to the secondary side circuit U for switching the operation of the transformer device. The measuring unit 308 is connected to the power on (four) 306, which is preferably used by a resistor & household = current, used to galvanic secondary circuit L1 current to generate - current side signal & output stage 3U) The change of position 3G4 is used to output the second power signal to the load 324. The overcurrent protection device 312_ is used to monitor whether the primary side current Iu is within an appropriate protection range, and the power switch 306 is turned off when the safety protection range is exceeded. & the purpose of current protection. ° Further explain the structure and operation of the overcurrent protection device M2. The over-carrying device 312 includes a receiving end 314, a compensating current unit 316, a - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - The receiving end 31'4 (f is connected to the current_unit smoke) receives the current signal Vgs. The compensation current is 316 lightly connected to the receiving end 314, and is used to compensate the current_signal Vcs 2 to generate a current dump The first reference voltage VreF1 is used to generate the first reference voltage VreF1. The comparator 320 is coupled to the compensation current unit 316 and the first reference voltage generating unit 318 to listen to the recording power ^
Vs—cS及第:參考 I，以產生—比較結果。控制單元：虎 雜接於比32〇及功率開關郷，用來根據比較器32〇之比較結 C 、、進而^°制功率開關306之導通情形。當比較結果顯示電流偵 、^為f Vs—CS小於第—參考電壓Vref1時，維持功率開關306 $導通狀悲。當比較結果顯示電流制鑛訊號u 第一參考電niVs-cS and 1: reference I to produce - compare results. The control unit: the tiger is connected to the ratio 32 〇 and the power switch 郷, and is used to control the conduction of the power switch 306 according to the comparator C 〇 . When the comparison result shows that the current sense, ^ is f Vs - CS is less than the first - reference voltage Vref1, the power switch 306 $ is maintained. When the comparison result shows the current mining signal u first reference electric ni
At 肪171才，控制單元322關閉功率開關306的導通狀 請繼續參考第4圖 電流偵測訊號Vcs之示 斜率補償運作，亦gp， ’第4圖為第3圖中補償電流單元316補償 意圖。如圖所示，電流偵測訊號Vcs經過 將電流偵測訊號Vcs與一補償訊號Vs相加 11 201004082 後，形成-電流偵測補償訊號Vs〜cs，電流侧補償訊號可 使輸入電壓提前開始切換。請參考第5圖，第5圖為第3圖中過 電流保護裝置312修正傳遞延遲之示意圖。傳遞延遲時間τ她在 不同輸入電壓情形時皆同，如圖所示，高、低輸入電壓vH、= 經斜率補償後的訊號（即ν_、ν_)可提前到達第一參^ 電壓VREF1 ’不朗傳遞延遲日_讓功率肖耗，且對應於高輪 入電壓與低輸人賴開始進行過電流保護的電壓—致，使得保護 , 點電壓差異之情況得到解決。 特別注意的是’第3目所示僅林剌實猶诉意圖，本領域 具通常知識者當可據以做不同之修飾。舉例來說，請參考第6圖。 第6圖為第3圖中電流偵測補償單元316之較佳實施例示音、圖。 進-步說明電流偵測補償單元316的運作方式，電流偵測補償單 =316包含-補償訊號產生器6〇2及一加法器6〇4。補償訊號產生 ,器6〇2絲產生如第4圖所示之補償訊號VS，而加法器604搞接 、於補償訊號產生器礙、接收端314及比較器32G之間，絲對電 流_訊號VCS及補償訊號Vs進行加法運算，以產生電流偵測補 该讯號Vs cs至比較器320。 在第6圖中’補償訊號產生器6〇2係用來產生補償訊號％，以 補償電流_訊號VGS的斜率，其實現方式秘於特定電路或元 ^。舉例來說，請參考第7圖，第7圖為第6圖中補償訊號產生 . 器602之較佳實施例示意圖。補償訊號產生器602包含有一三角 12 201004082 波產生器702、-第二參考電壓產生器7〇4及一減法器7〇6。三角 波產生器7〇2用來產生一三角波訊號％ (或振盪信號第二參 考電壓產生器704用來產生-第二參考電壓v麗。減法器7〇6搞 接於三角波產生器702、第二參考電壓產生器7〇4及加法器7% 之間，用來對三角波職Vt及第二參考電壓v願進域法運算， 以產生補償訊號乂8至加法器6〇4。 ， ‘上所34 ’本發明可對電雜絲的輸人喊進行斜率補償， 使得電源供應H不致因傳遞延遲時間讓功率繼續雜。更重要的 是4本發明中，對應於不同輸入電壓開始進行過電流保護的電 壓係一致，因而可改善保護點電壓差異之情況。 以上所述僅為本發明之較佳實施例，凡依本發明申請專利範 所做之均等變化與修#，皆觸本發明之涵蓋範圍。 【圖式簡單說明】 f1圖為習知電源供應H之示意圖。 之保護點電壓差 =圖為第1圖t傳遞延遲時間對不同輸入電虔 異之示意圖。 =3圖為本發明實施例—電源供應II之示意圖。 第一補償電流單元補償-電流偵測訊號之示意圖 圖為弟3圖中一過電流保護裝置修正傳遞延遲之示奇圖。 13 201004082 第6圖為第3圖中一電流偵測補償單元之較佳實施例示意圖 第7圖為第6圖中一補償訊號產生器之較佳實施例示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 100 電源供應器 102 變壓器 104 功率開關 106 電流偵測單元 108 比較器 110 脈波寬度調變控制單元 300 電源供應盗 302 輸入級 304 變壓裝置 306 功率開關 308 電流偵測單元 310 輸出級 312 過電流保護裝置 314 接收端 316 補償電流單元 318 第一爹考電壓產生早元 320 比較器320 322 控制單元 14 201004082 324 負載 602 補償訊號產生器 604 加法器 702 三角波產生器 704 第二參考電壓產生器 706 減法器At 171, the control unit 322 turns off the conduction state of the power switch 306. Please continue to refer to the slope compensation operation of the current detection signal Vcs in FIG. 4, which is also gp, 'Fig. 4 is the compensation current unit 316 compensation intention in FIG. . As shown in the figure, the current detecting signal Vcs is added to the current detecting signal Vcs and a compensation signal Vs 11 201004082 to form a current detecting compensation signal Vs~cs, and the current side compensation signal can start the switching of the input voltage in advance. . Please refer to FIG. 5, which is a schematic diagram of the correction of the transfer delay of the overcurrent protection device 312 in FIG. The delay time τ is the same for different input voltages. As shown in the figure, the high and low input voltages vH, = the signal after the slope compensation (ie ν_, ν_) can reach the first reference voltage VREF1 'in advance. Long transmission delay time _ let the power consumption, and corresponding to the high wheel-in voltage and the low-input voltage to start overcurrent protection voltage, so that the protection, point voltage difference is solved. It is particularly important to note that the only thing shown in the third item is Lin Bing's intent, and those who have ordinary knowledge in the field can make different modifications. For example, please refer to Figure 6. Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the sound and diagram of a preferred embodiment of the current detecting compensation unit 316 in Fig. 3. The step-by-step description of the operation of the current detection compensation unit 316, the current detection compensation list = 316 includes a compensation signal generator 6〇2 and an adder 6〇4. The compensation signal is generated, the device 6〇2 wire generates the compensation signal VS as shown in FIG. 4, and the adder 604 is connected, between the compensation signal generating device, the receiving end 314 and the comparator 32G, and the wire is opposite to the current signal. The VCS and the compensation signal Vs are added to generate a current detection complement signal Vs cs to the comparator 320. In Fig. 6, the 'compensation signal generator 6〇2 is used to generate the compensation signal % to compensate the slope of the current_signal VGS, which is implemented in a specific circuit or element. For example, please refer to FIG. 7. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the compensation signal generation device 602 in FIG. The compensation signal generator 602 includes a triangle 12 201004082 wave generator 702, a second reference voltage generator 7〇4, and a subtractor 7〇6. The triangular wave generator 7〇2 is used to generate a triangular wave signal % (or the oscillating signal second reference voltage generator 704 is used to generate a second reference voltage v. The subtractor 7〇6 is connected to the triangular wave generator 702, the second The reference voltage generator 7〇4 and the adder 7% are used to perform the domain method on the triangular wave Vt and the second reference voltage v to generate the compensation signal 乂8 to the adder 6〇4. 34 'The invention can perform slope compensation on the input of the electric wire, so that the power supply H does not cause the power to continue to be mixed due to the transmission delay time. More importantly, in the present invention, the overcurrent protection is started corresponding to different input voltages. The voltages are consistent, so that the difference of the protection point voltage can be improved. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the equal variation and repair made by the patent application of the present invention are all covered by the present invention. Scope [Flat description] The f1 diagram is a schematic diagram of the conventional power supply supply H. The protection point voltage difference = the diagram is the diagram of the transmission delay time of the first diagram t for different input power. =3 diagram is the implementation of the present invention example- Schematic diagram of source supply II. The schematic diagram of the first compensation current unit compensation-current detection signal is an odd diagram of the correction of the transmission delay of an overcurrent protection device in the figure of Fig. 3. 13 201004082 Fig. 6 is a current in Fig. 3. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of a compensation signal generator in FIG. 6. [Main component symbol description] 100 power supply 102 transformer 104 power switch 106 current detecting unit 108 Comparator 110 Pulse Width Modulation Control Unit 300 Power Supply Thief 302 Input Stage 304 Transformer 306 Power Switch 308 Current Detecting Unit 310 Output Stage 312 Over Current Protection 314 Receiver 316 Compensation Current Unit 318 First Reference Voltage Generation Early Element 320 Comparator 320 322 Control Unit 14 201004082 324 Load 602 Compensation Signal Generator 604 Adder 702 Triangle Wave Generator 704 Second Reference Voltage Generator 706 Subtractor
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