201002769 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明為一種應用於400KV交連聚乙烯（XLPE)超高 壓電力電纜之被覆層組合物’係適用於承載電壓最高為 千伏（KV)，並以交連聚乙烯（XLPE)作為絕緣層之電纜， 特別指以PVC為被覆基材並導入奈米黏土和碳酸鈣等填充 劑。 【先前技術】 因電纜發展的技術愈來愈成熟，日新月異，而輸電電 纔線路電力供應的品質及穩m崎經濟發展的重要因 素之一，為了使電力供應的品質及穩定提高，加上人民要 求對既設高壓輸電架空線地下化的壓力增加，使得供應超 高壓電力之電纜成為世界潮流，其中電纜的被覆層對於;電 力供應的品質及穩定提高具有舉足輕重的影響，可在施工 前後保護電纜芯線免受物理上的損害；確保電路傳輸品 質’提供芯線良好存在環境；對觸電、雷擊、電蝕、化學 腐蝕提供防護及對干擾遮蔽。基於上述，可知電纜被覆^ 之重要性，各家廠商莫不致力投入研發，因此有如中華民 國專利公告號第00495534號之「耐燃性樹脂組成物及其製 備方法」、第00524826號之「環保電纜線被覆組合物」， 第1293081號之「難燃性乙烯系樹脂組成物及其用途」等 電纜被覆層配方之研發成果出現。 然，上述之電纜被覆層配方，一般最高僅能製成161 級交連超高壓輸電電纜，若用於4〇〇κν之超高壓時，其被 201002769 覆層會有阻燃性變差201002769 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a coating composition for a 400KV cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) ultra-high voltage power cable, which is suitable for carrying voltages up to kilovolts (KV), and A cable using cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) as an insulating layer, in particular, a filler such as nano-clay and calcium carbonate, which is coated with PVC. [Prior Art] As the technology of cable development is becoming more and more mature, it is changing with each passing day, and the quality of power supply of transmission lines is one of the important factors for the economic development of the city. In order to improve the quality and stability of power supply, It is required to increase the pressure on the underground line of the high-voltage transmission overhead line, making the cable supplying ultra-high voltage power a world trend. The coating layer of the cable has a significant impact on the quality and stability of the power supply. The cable core can be protected before and after construction. Protect from physical damage; ensure the transmission quality of the circuit 'provides a good environment for the core wire; provides protection against electric shock, lightning strikes, electric corrosion, chemical corrosion and shielding from interference. Based on the above, we know the importance of cable coating, and manufacturers are not committed to research and development. Therefore, there is a "flame-resistant resin composition and preparation method thereof" of the Republic of China Patent No. 00495534, and "green cable" No. 00524826 The coating composition, the development of the cable coating formulation such as the "flammable vinyl resin composition and its use" of No. 1293801 appeared. However, the above-mentioned cable coating formula can generally only be made into a 161-level cross-over high-voltage transmission cable. If it is used for ultra-high voltage of 4〇〇κν, it will be deteriorated by the 201002769 coating.
【發明内容】[Summary of the Invention]
400千伏超高電壓， ς黏土和碳酸鈣等填充劑’製成能承受 同時兼具阻燃性高、機械強度高及高絕 緣性之電纜被覆層。 本發明為一種應用於400KV交連聚乙烯（XLPE)超高 壓電力電纜之被覆層組合物，係包括： 47-60重量％之聚氣乙烯、卜2重量％之黏土、〇. 重量％之碳黑、10-20重量％之碳酸鈣、1-5重量％綜合安 定劑以及20-25重量％之鄰苯二曱酸鹽。 上述之應用於400KV交連聚乙烯（XLPE)超高壓電力 電緵之被覆層組合物，黏土係有機改質黏土。 上述之應用於400KV交連聚乙烯（XLPE)超高壓電力 電蜆之被覆層組合物，鄰苯二甲酸鹽係鄰苯二甲醆二異壬 酯（DINP)。 本發明亦為一種如上述之應用於400KV交連聚乙烯 (XLPE)超高壓電力電纜之被覆層組合物製成之電纜被·覆 本發明亦為一種上述電纜被覆層之製備方法，係在具 201002769 有導體層及絕緣層之半成型電規外設有一被覆I，包含下 列步驟： Α·將聚氯乙烯粉體均勻分散並添加可塑劑及填充劑： 47 60重量％之聚氣乙烯粉體升溫均勻分散，於60-70X：時 加入可塑劑持續升溫，於9〇—1〇〇芄時加入添加劑及填充 劑，充分混合均勻分散之混合物。 B•充分混合均勻分散之混合物進行製粒：前述充分混 合均勻分散之混合物持續升溫至11〇—15(rc呈熔融狀後製 成顆粒並乾燥。 ”C.將半成型電纜經單層押出而形成被覆層：將半成型 電纜導入含有單層之押出裝置，將其押出待冷卻後於半成 型電纜外形成被覆層。 上述之電纜被覆層之製備方法，其中步驟A，可塑劑係 指20-25重量％之鄰苯二曱酸鹽。 ^上述之電纜被覆層之製備方法’其中步驟A，添加劑係 指0. 1-1重量％之碳黑。 ^上述之電纜被覆層之製備方法，其中步驟A，添加劑係 指1-5重量％綜合安定劑。 t上述之電纜被覆層之製備方法，其中步驟A，填充劑係 指1-2重量％之黏土及1〇_2〇重量％之碳酸鈣。 上述之電纜被覆層之製備方法，其中步驟C，押出裝置 之溫度設定控制在176-19(TC。 本發明具有下列優點： 1.本發明之被覆層組合物藉由黏土及碳酸j弓作為主要 7 201002769 填充劑’製成之被覆層阻燃性高、成碳性佳（可避免持續 燃燒）、不易點燃、無熔滴、抗遷移（可避免延燒）、減少 有機或無機阻燃劑的添加量等阻燃方面之優點。 2. 本發明所製出之被覆層具有機械強度高、加工性能 佳及絕緣性高等優點。 3. 本發明之電纜被覆層製造方法，係以高剪切力融熔 押出方式形成被覆層。 【實施方式】 本發明之較佳實施例，為一種應用於4〇〇κν交連聚乙 烯（XLPE)超高壓電力電纜之被覆層組合物，係包括： 50-60重量％之聚氯乙烯，本實施例採用S65規格之聚 氯乙烯’具有耐酸、耐鹼、防油、防水等特性，使被包覆 之電纜不受雷電、風害等外因的損害，可以鋪設在地下(直 埋）、随道、水中或海底。 1 2重里％之黏土，係為填充劑，該黏土係為經有機改 質而成，具有阻隔氧氣，提高絕緣性質及熱的傳遞之功效。 0.1 1重里％之碳黑，作為添加劑，本實施例採用規格 為330R之碳黑，係增加被覆層之硬度、抗張強度、财磨性 及抗撕4 ί±等’又&黑顏色極黑、被覆力極強，亦為理想 之黑色顏料。 10-π重量％之碳酸鈣’作為無機填充劑，其填充量高 ”黏土複配可有效降餘_的添加量，避免因阻燃劑的 大量加入而損害材料的力學性能。 卜5重量％綜合安定劑，作為添加劑，抑制pvc内之少 8 201002769 .量遊離氣離子分解。 20-25重量％之鄰苯二曱酸鹽，作為可塑劑，本實施例 採用鄰苯二曱酸二異壬醋（DINP)，主要目的在調整被覆 層之軟硬度，提高耐寒絕緣等作用。 如第一圖之方法流程圖所示，係利用本實施例之應用 於400KV交連聚乙烯（XLPE)超高壓電力電纜之被覆層組 合物可製成電纜被覆層，係在具有導體層及絕緣層之半成 型電纜外設有一被覆層，其製備方法包含下列步驟： A. 將聚氯乙烯粉體均勻分散並添加可塑劑及填充劑： 於製粒機内將50-60重量％之聚氯乙烯粉體升溫均勻分 散，於60-70 C時加入20-25重量％之鄰苯二曱酸鹽，持續 升/皿’於90-100C時加入0.1-1重量％之碳黑及ι_5重量 %綜合安定劑，充分混合攪拌成均勻分散之混合物。 B. 均勻分散之混合物進行製粒：前述均勻分散之混合 物持續升溫至110-150X：後製成顆粒並乾燥，藉此將前述聚 乙烯粉體、鄰苯二曱酸鹽、碳黑及丨_5重量％綜合安定劑 等多種成份均勻地混合在-起，並有良好的流動性，以利 後續製程進行。 C·將半成型電纜經單層押出而形成被覆層：將半成型 電繞導入含有單層之押出裝置，將其押出待冷卻後於半成 型電規外形成被覆層’其中押出裝置之溫度設定控制在 n6-19G°C ’轉速控制在26rpm’推進速度控制在心/心。 上將本實施例製出之電㈣覆層及_般習知驗簡v 超兩壓電纜之被覆層物性加以比較，如下表所示： 9 201002769 本實施例物性測試結果： 161KV被覆層物性測試結果 一、老化刖 拉力強度 2. 09 kg/mm2 伸長率 261% 二、 老化試驗 (100〇C/168h) 拉力強度 拉力殘率 1_ 66 kg/mm2 92% 伸長率 伸長殘率 174% 76% _一 、 而十油試驗 (70〇C/4h) 拉力殘率 98% 伸長殘率 81% 四、加熱變形 Max. 50% 12% 五、而于熱性 不裂 良 六、对寒性 不裂 良 七、而機性 60秒以内自熄 OK 八、高溫加壓 Max. 50% OK 九、硬度 Shore A 95 十、體固 Ω-αη 40*1013 一、老彳匕刖 拉力強度 1.75 kg/mm2 伸長率 243% 二、 老化試驗 (100°C/120h) 拉力強度 拉力殘率 1.61 kg/mm2 92¾ 伸長率 伸長殘率 187% 77% 二、 对油試驗 (70〇C/4h) 拉力殘率 87% 伸長殘率 72% 四、加熱變形 Max. 50% 15% 五、耐熱性 不裂 良 六、耐寒性 不裂 良 七、办懷性 60秒以内自媳 OK 八、高溫加壓 Max. 50% —— 九、硬度 Shore A 96 十、體固 Ω-απ 4*1013 由上表可知，本實施例之電纜被覆層其體固比161KV 之電纜被覆層高10倍，且其老化試驗成果較161KV之電纜 被覆層為佳，而本實施例之電纜被覆層更具有阻燃性高， 機械強度高、加工性能佳及絕緣性高等優點且成本低廉兼 具環保性，確實為能製出供電穩定、品質良好之400KV交 連聚乙烯（XLPE)超高壓電力電纜之被覆層組合物。 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖為本發明實施例製出電纜被覆層之方法流程圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 無. 10400 kV ultra-high voltage, fillers such as strontium clay and calcium carbonate make a cable coating that can withstand high flame retardancy, high mechanical strength and high insulation. The invention relates to a coating layer composition applied to a 400KV cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) ultra-high voltage power cable, comprising: 47-60% by weight of polyethylene gas, 2% by weight of clay, 〇.% by weight of carbon black 10-20% by weight of calcium carbonate, 1-5% by weight of a comprehensive stabilizer and 20-25% by weight of phthalic acid. The above-mentioned coating composition for 400KV cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) ultra-high voltage electric power enthalpy, clay-based organically modified clay. The above-mentioned coating composition for 400KV cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) ultra-high voltage electric power, phthalate is phthalic acid diisodecyl ester (DINP). The present invention is also a cable coated with a coating composition for a 400KV cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) ultra-high voltage power cable as described above. The present invention is also a method for preparing the above-mentioned cable coating layer, which is used in 201002769. The semi-formed electrical peripheral of the conductor layer and the insulating layer has a coating I, comprising the following steps: 均匀 · uniformly dispersing the polyvinyl chloride powder and adding a plasticizer and a filler: 47 60% by weight of the polystyrene powder is heated Disperse evenly, add plasticizer at 60-70X: continue to heat up, add additives and fillers at 9〇-1〇〇芄, mix well and evenly disperse the mixture. B• Mixing the uniformly dispersed mixture for granulation: the above mixture is thoroughly mixed and uniformly dispersed, and the temperature is continuously raised to 11 〇-15 (the rc is melted and then granulated and dried.) C. The semi-formed cable is extruded through a single layer. Forming a coating layer: introducing a semi-molded cable into an extrusion device containing a single layer, extruding it to be cooled, and forming a coating layer on the outside of the semi-formed cable. The above method for preparing a cable coating layer, wherein step A, a plasticizer means 20- 5% by weight of phthalic acid salt. The preparation method of the above-mentioned cable coating layer, wherein the step A, the additive means 0.1-1% by weight of carbon black. ^ The above method for preparing a cable coating layer, wherein Step A, the additive refers to 1-5% by weight of a comprehensive stabilizer. t The preparation method of the above cable coating layer, wherein the step A, the filler refers to 1-2% by weight of clay and 1〇2〇% by weight of carbonic acid Calcium. The above method for preparing a cable coating layer, wherein in step C, the temperature setting of the extrusion device is controlled at 176-19 (TC. The present invention has the following advantages: 1. The coating composition of the present invention is composed of clay and carbonic acid Make The coating layer made for the main 7 201002769 filler' has high flame retardancy, good carbon formation (can avoid continuous burning), is not easy to ignite, has no droplets, resists migration (can avoid burning), and reduces organic or inorganic flame retardants. Advantages of the flame retardant aspect such as the amount of addition. 2. The coating layer produced by the present invention has the advantages of high mechanical strength, good processing property, and high insulation. 3. The method for manufacturing a cable coating layer of the present invention is high shearing. The preferred embodiment of the present invention is a coating composition for a 4 〇〇κν cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) ultra-high voltage power cable, comprising: 50- 60% by weight of polyvinyl chloride, this embodiment uses S65-type polyvinyl chloride' with acid, alkali, oil, water and other characteristics, so that the covered cable is not damaged by lightning, wind damage and other external factors, can be laid In the underground (direct buried), along the road, in the water or on the seabed. 1 2% by weight of clay, which is a filler. The clay is organically modified to block oxygen and improve the insulation properties and heat transfer. 0.1 1% by weight of carbon black, as an additive, this embodiment uses carbon black with a specification of 330R, which increases the hardness, tensile strength, grindability and tear resistance of the coating layer, etc. The color is extremely black and the coating power is extremely strong. It is also an ideal black pigment. 10-π% by weight of calcium carbonate 'as an inorganic filler, its filling amount is high." Clay compound can effectively reduce the amount of _ added to avoid resistance A large amount of fuel is added to impair the mechanical properties of the material. 5% by weight of a comprehensive stabilizer, as an additive, inhibits less within the pvc 8 201002769. Amount of free gas ion decomposition. 20-25% by weight of phthalic acid, As a plasticizer, the present embodiment uses phthalic acid diisoindole vinegar (DINP), and the main purpose is to adjust the softness of the coating layer and improve the cold resistance and the like. As shown in the flow chart of the method of the first figure, the coating layer applied to the 400KV cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) ultra-high voltage power cable of the present embodiment can be used to form a cable coating layer having a conductor layer and an insulating layer. The semi-formed cable peripheral has a coating layer, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: A. uniformly dispersing the polyvinyl chloride powder and adding a plasticizer and a filler: 50-60% by weight of polyvinyl chloride powder in the granulator The body temperature is uniformly dispersed, and 20-25% by weight of phthalic acid is added at 60-70 C, and the liter/dish is added at 0.1-weight% carbon black and ι_5 weight% comprehensive stability at 90-100C. The agent is thoroughly mixed and stirred into a uniformly dispersed mixture. B. Uniformly dispersed mixture for granulation: the above uniformly dispersed mixture is continuously heated to 110-150X: after being granulated and dried, thereby the aforementioned polyethylene powder, phthalate, carbon black and hydrazine _ A variety of ingredients, such as 5% by weight of a comprehensive stabilizer, are uniformly mixed in and have good fluidity for subsequent processing. C. The semi-formed cable is extruded through a single layer to form a coating layer: the semi-formed electric winding is introduced into the extrusion device containing the single layer, and is extruded to be cooled to form a coating layer outside the semi-formed electrical gauge. Control the n6-19G °C 'speed control at 26rpm' propulsion speed control in the heart / heart. The electrical properties of the electrical (four) coating produced in this embodiment and the coating properties of the super-two-voltage cable are compared, as shown in the following table: 9 201002769 Physical property test results of this example: 161KV coating physical property test Results 1. Ageing tensile strength 2. 09 kg/mm2 Elongation 261% II. Aging test (100〇C/168h) Tensile strength Residual strength 1_ 66 kg/mm2 92% Elongation elongation 174% 76% _ First, and the ten oil test (70〇C/4h) tensile force residual rate 98% elongation residual rate 81% four, heating deformation Max. 50% 12% five, while the heat does not crack good six, cold does not crack good seven And the function is self-extinguishing within 60 seconds. 8. High temperature pressurization Max. 50% OK Nine, hardness Shore A 95 Ten, body solid Ω-αη 40*1013 I. Old 彳匕刖 tensile strength 1.75 kg/mm2 Elongation 243% II. Aging test (100°C/120h) Tensile strength Residual force residual rate 1.61 kg/mm2 923⁄4 Elongation rate Elongation residual rate 187% 77% II. Oil test (70〇C/4h) Tensile residual rate 87% Elongation Residual rate 72% Fourth, heating deformation Max. 50% 15% Five, heat resistance does not crack good six, cold resistance does not crack good seven The service is self-suppressed within 60 seconds. 8. High temperature pressurization Max. 50% —— 9. Hardness Shore A 96 X. Body solid Ω-απ 4*1013 As can be seen from the above table, the cable coating of this embodiment is The cable coating of solid ratio 161KV is 10 times higher, and the aging test results are better than the 161KV cable coating. The cable coating of this embodiment has higher flame retardancy, high mechanical strength, good processing performance and insulation. It has high advantages, low cost and environmental protection. It is indeed a coating composition for 400KV cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) ultra-high voltage power cable with stable power supply and good quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The first figure is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a cable coating layer according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] None. 10