200950266 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係提供一種「電池電力管理方法及裝置」，尤其是有 關電池之電力輸出管理，以汽車電池為例，可依據車輛電子/ 電機設備使用之目的，透過電池電力管理方法及裝置將電池輸 出電力區分成1.啟動必要保留電力、2.休閒娛樂用電力等等， 首先保留必要的電池容量給車輛啟動及不可斷電的設備使 —一________用，装仙.可暫時斷雷的欲備奴冷-氣」·1扇」°刺』八一、-汰農溫 轉換器、視聽、休閒娛擀等等設備，可依需求在預設的電池保 ® 留容量下予以切斷電源暫不供給電力。 【先前技術】 習知之具備電池保護電路之二次電池，例如中華民國專利公 開號1296122、472406等’係從電池過充、電池過放、過電壓、 過電流等方面，予以二次電池組保護；對於需要額外保留一定 電力容量的應用而言，特別是車輛電力的應用方面’前述之二 次電池保護技術，無法保有足夠的容量’以因應車輛之再次啟 動；特別是高容量的電池組已逐漸應用於車輛上’如鋰離子電 池、填酸裡鐵電池等之應用，保留一定容量的電力以供車輛再 Q 次啟動之用，可以讓車輛使用者放心使用車上電器’不虞電力 耗盡無法啟動車輛。 【發明内容】 ' 本發明之主要目的，為提出一種「電池電力管理方法及裝 置」，以車用電池為例，可透過該方法及裝置依據預先透過該 裝置所設定之車上用電設備分類與其對應之電池容量位準，進 行車用電池電力輸出之管理方法。 本發明之次要目的，該方法及裝置可應用於車用電池，提供 駕駛在停車等待時，不需保持車輛引擎持續運轉，也能安心使 用車上冷氣或其他等設備，可落實政府怠速熄火之潔淨環保政 策，並充分利用到車輛發電機於行進間產出的電量，潔淨環保 200950266 外又郎能省油。 【實施方式】 請參閱帛1圖所示，該電池電力管理跋置（1〇)係包含：一 中,控制器（11)、-電壓電流伯測單元（12)、一通訊傳輸介 面（13)、一顯示介面（14)、一溫度偵測單元（15)、一電力 -正極輸出控制單元（16)及-電力負極輸出控制單元 (17)； 該電壓電流_單元（12)、通訊傳輸介面（13)、顯示介面 ——14)、溫度偵測單元（15)、一電力正極輸出控制單元（16) ?靖错们空尊元t—m対拿辑銳肀撒 0 ( 11)做一連接，又該電力正極輸出控制單元（16)及電力負 極輸出控制單元（17)與電壓電流偵測單元（12)做一連接； 其中，該中央控制器（1丨）係依據電壓電流偵測單元（丨2 )、 通訊傳輸介面（13)及溫度制單元（15)所設定及谓測的電 池（20^資訊對該電池（20)做電池電力管理程序；該電歷電 μ偵測單元（12 )主要憤測電池（2〇)於充放電過程中的電壓 及電流值、偵測電池（20)空載時開路電麼值；該通訊傳輸介 面（13)係與外部控制器（如行控電腦等）溝通，使用者可透過 外部控制器輸入設定值，使中央控制器（11)進一步提供電池 (20)的充放電電壓電流現況、電池（2())容量、輸出控制狀 況電池溫度、警訊等資訊，供外部控制器運用； ^ 員示"面（14)主要知:供電池（2〇)之現況、即時顯示與 -警示訊息顯示；該溫度制單元（15)主要備測電池（20)表 面溫度’監測電池（20)電芯外壁的溫度變化狀況，研判電池 ' (2〇)的溫度是否正常；該正極輸出控制單元(16)係依據預 。又之電池（2G)容量對應值，決定各電力接點之開與關，·該電 力負極輸出控制單元（17)，係依據預設之電池（2〇)容量對 應值，決定電力負極接點之開與關； 請參閱第1圖所示，以車用電池為例（但不限於車用電池）， 來說明電池電力管理的運作方式，該電池電力管理裝置（⑻ 200950266 與車用之電池（20 )做一接合，並按使用者需求將電源電力正 極分接第一接點（161)及第二接點（162)，則電源電力負極 只為一個電力負極接點（1Ή )，且藉由外部控制對該電池電力 b理裝置（1 〇 )设疋’使设備需求電源區分為主電源及副電源 • 等兩組電源； . 主電源為引擎啟動及行車控制電腦等不可斷電之電子設備 電源，副電源為可暫時斷電之車用電子/電機設備的電源；主 電源之電源電力正極接點為第一接點（161)，副電源之電源電 办正極—為I二接"點f 1盼脅餘電iT之言力責教共同.接龙電 ❹力負極接點（171)，車輛發電機之輸出與主電源並聯； 請參閱第5圖所示，將電池電力管理裝置（1〇 )與車用電池 (20 )及車上設備之間完成串接之後，其電池電力管理方法步 ’ 驟如下：a.該電池電力管理裝置（1〇)起始運作時，其中央控 制器（11)關閉所有電力輸出，量測電池電壓並估算電池（2〇) 的容量；b.確認電池（20 )是否過放；c.若電池（2〇)過放情 況下啟動過放保護並提出警訊，電池需經外部充電之後始能使 用；d.在電池（20)未過放狀況下，開啟第一接點（161)供 電給主電源，啟動車輛行控電腦並待車輛啟動；e•判斷電池 (20)的容量是否超過車輛啟動保留容量；f.若電池（2〇)的 〇 谷量超過車輛啟動保留容量Cigni t ion時，開啟第二接點 (162)供電給副電源，並進行判斷電池（2〇)目前為充電或 放電狀態； ~ g·若電池（20)的容量未超過車輛啟動保留容量cigniti〇n 時，則直接進行判斷電池（2〇)目前為充電或放電狀態；h. 當車，啟動後，該裝置量測車輛發電機輸出電壓，並啟動電池 充電官理程序，依據預設之電池充電電壓電流特性需求，實施 充電y理與保護；i.並同時偵測充電電壓是否過高於電池電 壓，=沒過尚，則重覆g步驟；〗判斷充電電壓是否過高，若 沒過咼，則重覆e步驟；k.若過高，則啟動過壓保護程序； 200950266 1.若g步驟判斷出電池為放電狀態，則進行電池放電管理程 序；m.並同時偵測電池容量是否低於車輛啟動所保留之容量， 若沒低於車輛啟動所保留之容量，則重覆g步驟；n若低於車 輛啟動所保留之容量，則關閉副電源；〇·並確認電池是否進行 ' 過放保護，若不進行過放保護，則重覆g步驟；P.若進行過 . 放保護，則關閉主電源，並進行b步驟； 請參閲第3圖所示’為此分段方法的說明示意圖，圓中標示 主電源與副電源之電池容量分段切斷電源的對應位準，於其 ____________中：— ^ C i n i t i a 1 :標示電池於放電開始時的初始電池容量； C i gn i t i on :標示電池容量降至此位準時，僅保留主電源所 需電池容量以供車輛啟動，其餘連接副電源之設備均切斷電力 • 供應； 在電池開始放電時，如果初始電池容量大於車輛啟動保留容 量（Cinitial > Cignition)，則同時供電給主電源與副電源； 在初始電池容量小於車輛啟動保留容量（Cinitial < C i gn i t i on)時’或是電池電力耗用到低於c i gn i t i on之際，則 切斷副電源之供電僅保留主電源之供電；在電池電力消耗至電 池保護電壓時，切斷主電源與副電源之供電，保護電芯免於過 〇 放受損，電池處於保護狀態時，需透過外部供電以啟動車輛引 擎與發電機對電池充電，使電池容量與電壓高過電池保護電 壓，讓電池可再次被使用；在電池充電及分段供電的各狀態 中，中央控制器（11)透過顯示介面（14)提供駕駛知悉電池 - 現況與警示；或是透過通訊傳輸介面（13)，提供行車電腦或 外部控制器電池的相關資訊； 對任何電池而言，本發明之Cignition之容量保留設定，在 車輛正常啟動使用狀況下’使電池電壓不會低於過放電壓’永 遠確保電池不過放’亦即在電池過放保護機制啟動之前，多增 加了 一道電池保護機制；在電池長期使用後，電池容量將逐漸 200950266 衰退，而在電池充飽後，當Cinitial容量無法超過Cignition 時，管理系統將發出警訊提醒使用者電池容量不足，副電源無 法供電使用，管理系統並將發出該電池已經不堪使用的警訊， 提示使用者電池退化及替換時機； 本發明除前述之應用外，本發明為另一車用電池之實施，請 參閱第2圖及第4圖所示，可依據預先透過電池電力管理裝置 (10)所設定之車上設備分類與其對應之電池容量位準，進行 車用電池電力之管理，車上設備分類之目的，在基本上主要是 電给車粉啟貪之—用-f青優先带嘴之貪兮 慮如引擎啟動電路、行控電腦等不可斷電的電子設備 (Cignition);其他可暫時斷電或是可斷電不用之設備，則可 再依需求進行細分，如區分行車安全之相關電子設備、駕駛需 行設定之相關電子設備、有關乘客舒適性之相關電子設備或是 休間娛樂電子設備等，各分類設備電源之相對電池容量位準可 事先予以定義（Cset_l〜Cset_N); 第4圖所示為此分段方法的說明示意圖，進一步言，若為行 車安全或是法規考量之故，部份車輛設備或裝置在電池電力耗 盡之前不可關閉，本發明可提供優先供電順位之調整，令此類 設備或裝置安排在最優先供電順位； 再者，有些車上設備設備在切斷電源之後，其内部的使用者 没定資訊會跟著消逝，重新接上電源之後，使用者所習慣的設 疋值須重新操作設定過，例如車内電子時鐘、收音機的慣用頻 道記憶等等設備，為了免於斷電後造成此不便狀況 ，也可以適 度調升其優先供電順位，盡可能保留使用者慣用的設備設定值 資訊。本發明之優先供電順位具彈性調整應用特性； 請參閱第4圖所示，標示出多段電池容量分段切斷設備電源 的對應位準，於其中：200950266 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field of the invention] The present invention provides a "battery power management method and apparatus", in particular, regarding the power output management of a battery, taking a car battery as an example, and can be used according to the vehicle electronic/motor equipment. The purpose of the battery power management method and device is to divide the battery output power into 1. Start necessary power retention, 2. Recreational power, etc., first reserve the necessary battery capacity for the vehicle to start and not to power off the device - ________Use, pretend to be immortal. Can temporarily break the thunder, want to prepare for the cold-gas" · 1 fan" ° thorns Bayi, - the agricultural temperature converter, audio-visual, leisure and entertainment equipment, etc., can be The battery is cut off at the preset battery protection capacity and no power is supplied. [Prior Art] A secondary battery having a battery protection circuit, such as the Republic of China Patent Publication No. 1296122, 472406, etc., is protected from secondary battery packs in terms of battery overcharge, battery overdischarge, overvoltage, overcurrent, and the like. For applications that need to retain a certain amount of power capacity, especially in the application of vehicle power, the aforementioned secondary battery protection technology cannot maintain sufficient capacity to respond to the restart of the vehicle; especially the high-capacity battery pack has been It is gradually applied to vehicles such as lithium-ion batteries, iron-filled batteries, etc., and reserves a certain amount of power for the vehicle to start again. It allows vehicle users to use the electric appliances without worry. Unable to start the vehicle. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a "battery power management method and apparatus", which is exemplified by a vehicle battery, which can be classified according to the vehicle-mounted electrical equipment set in advance through the device. The management method of the battery power output of the vehicle is performed in accordance with the battery capacity level corresponding thereto. The secondary object of the present invention is that the method and the device can be applied to a battery for a vehicle, providing driving while waiting for parking, without maintaining the continuous operation of the vehicle engine, and also being able to use the air-conditioning or other equipment on the vehicle with peace of mind, and implementing the government idling flameout Clean environmental protection policies, and make full use of the power generated by the vehicle generators in the process of travel, clean and environmental protection 200950266 and Lang can save fuel. [Embodiment] Please refer to Figure 1, the battery power management device (1〇) includes: one, controller (11), - voltage and current measurement unit (12), a communication transmission interface (13 a display interface (14), a temperature detecting unit (15), a power-positive output control unit (16) and a power negative output control unit (17); the voltage current_unit (12), communication transmission Interface (13), display interface - 14), temperature detection unit (15), an electric power positive output control unit (16) - Jing wrong people empty respect t-m 対 take the collection sharp 肀 0 (11) a connection, the power positive output control unit (16) and the power negative output control unit (17) are connected with the voltage current detecting unit (12); wherein the central controller (1丨) is based on voltage and current detection The measuring unit (丨2), the communication transmission interface (13) and the temperature setting unit (15) set and pre-measured battery (20^ information to the battery (20) to do the battery power management program; the electrical calendar μ μ detection Unit (12) mainly infuriates the voltage and current value of the battery (2〇) during charging and discharging, and detects electricity. The value of the open circuit when the pool (20) is empty; the communication transmission interface (13) communicates with an external controller (such as a line control computer), and the user can input the set value through the external controller to make the central controller (11) Further provide the battery (20) charge and discharge voltage current status, battery (2 ()) capacity, output control status battery temperature, warning information and other information for external controllers; ^ staff display "face (14) mainly known : For the current status of the battery (2〇), instant display and warning message display; the temperature system (15) mainly prepares the surface temperature of the battery (20) to monitor the temperature change of the outer wall of the battery (20), and judges the battery. Whether the temperature of '(2〇) is normal; the positive output control unit (16) determines the opening and closing of each power contact according to the corresponding value of the battery (2G) capacity, and the negative output control unit of the power ( 17), according to the preset battery (2 〇) capacity corresponding value, determine the opening and closing of the power negative contact; please refer to Figure 1, taking the car battery as an example (but not limited to the car battery), To illustrate how battery power management works, The battery power management device ((8) 200950266 is engaged with the battery (20) for the vehicle, and the positive electrode of the power source is tapped to the first contact (161) and the second contact (162) according to the user's demand. It is only one power negative contact (1Ή), and the battery power supply device (1 〇) is set by external control to make the equipment demand power source separate from the main power supply and the auxiliary power supply. The power source is an electronic device power supply such as an engine start-up and a driving control computer that cannot be powered off, and the auxiliary power source is a power source for the vehicle electronic/motor equipment that can be temporarily powered off; the positive power contact of the main power source is the first contact point (161). , the power supply of the auxiliary power supply, the positive pole of the power supply - for the second connection " point f 1 look forward to the power of the iT, the power of the common sense. Solitaire power supply negative contact (171), the output of the vehicle generator and the main power supply in parallel Please refer to Figure 5, after the battery power management device (1〇) is connected to the vehicle battery (20) and the onboard equipment, the battery power management method is as follows: a. The battery When the power management device (1〇) starts operation, The central controller (11) turns off all power output, measures the battery voltage and estimates the capacity of the battery (2〇); b. confirms whether the battery (20) is over-discharged; c. if the battery (2〇) is over-discharged Over-discharge protection and warning, the battery needs to be externally charged and can be used; d. When the battery (20) is not over-discharged, turn on the first contact (161) to supply power to the main power supply, start the vehicle control computer and Waiting for the vehicle to start; e• judging whether the capacity of the battery (20) exceeds the vehicle starting reserve capacity; f. if the amount of the battery (2〇) exceeds the vehicle starting reserve capacity Cigni tion, the second contact is opened (162) Power is supplied to the auxiliary power supply, and it is judged that the battery (2〇) is currently in a charging or discharging state; ~ g· If the capacity of the battery (20) does not exceed the vehicle starting reserve capacity cigniti〇n, the battery is directly judged (2〇) At present, it is in the state of charging or discharging; h. When the car is started, the device measures the output voltage of the vehicle generator, and starts the battery charging procedure, and implements the charging and protection according to the preset battery charging voltage and current characteristic requirements. ;i. and simultaneously Whether the charging voltage is higher than the battery voltage, = not over, then repeat g step; 〗 to determine whether the charging voltage is too high, if not over, then repeat e steps; k. If too high, then start the overvoltage protection program; 200950266 1. If the g step determines that the battery is in a discharged state, then perform a battery discharge management program; m. and simultaneously detect whether the battery capacity is lower than the capacity reserved by the vehicle start, if not less than the capacity reserved by the vehicle start, then If the capacity is lower than the capacity reserved by the vehicle start-up, turn off the auxiliary power supply; 〇· and confirm whether the battery is 'over-discharge protection. If the over-discharge protection is not performed, repeat the g step; P. If it has been performed. To protect, turn off the main power and perform step b. Please refer to the diagram in Figure 3 for the description of the segmentation method. The circle indicates the corresponding position of the battery capacity of the main power source and the sub power source. Precisely, in its ____________: — ^ C initia 1 : indicates the initial battery capacity of the battery at the beginning of discharge; C i gn iti on : indicates that the battery capacity is reduced to this level, only the required battery capacity of the main power source is retained. For the vehicle to start, the rest of the equipment connected to the auxiliary power supply cuts off the power supply; when the battery starts to discharge, if the initial battery capacity is greater than the vehicle start-up reserve capacity (Cinitial > Cignition), then the main power supply and the secondary power supply are simultaneously supplied; When the initial battery capacity is less than the vehicle start-up reserve capacity (Cinitial < C i gn iti on) or when the battery power consumption is lower than cig iti on, the power supply for cutting off the sub-power supply only retains the power supply of the main power source; When the battery power is consumed to the battery protection voltage, the power supply of the main power source and the auxiliary power source is cut off, and the battery cell is protected from over-discharge and damage. When the battery is in a protected state, external power supply is required to start the vehicle engine and the generator to the battery. Charging, so that the battery capacity and voltage are higher than the battery protection voltage, so that the battery can be used again; in the state of battery charging and segmented power supply, the central controller (11) provides driving knowledge through the display interface (14) - current status And warnings; or through the communication transmission interface (13), provide information about the battery of the driving computer or external controller; In terms of the battery, the capacity of the Cignition of the present invention is retained, and the battery voltage is not lower than the over-discharge voltage in the normal starting condition of the vehicle, and the battery is never released, that is, before the battery over-discharge protection mechanism is activated. A battery protection mechanism has been added; after long-term use of the battery, the battery capacity will gradually decline in 200950266. When the battery is fully charged, when the Cinitial capacity cannot exceed Cignition, the management system will send a warning to remind the user that the battery capacity is insufficient. Unable to use power, manage the system and issue a warning that the battery is already unusable, prompting the user to degrade the battery and replace the time; In addition to the aforementioned applications, the present invention is another battery for the vehicle, see the second As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 4, the battery power management of the vehicle can be performed according to the classification of the on-board equipment set by the battery power management device (10) in advance, and the purpose of classifying the vehicle on the vehicle is Basically, it is mainly for the car to start the greed - use -f green priority with the greed of the engine, such as the engine start circuit, Computer-controlled computers and other non-power-off electronic equipment (Cignition); other equipment that can be temporarily powered off or can be used without power, can be subdivided according to demand, such as the relevant electronic equipment to distinguish driving safety, driving needs to be set Related electronic equipment, related electronic equipment related to passenger comfort, or entertainment electronics of the rest, etc., the relative battery capacity level of each classification equipment power source can be defined in advance (Cset_l~Cset_N); A schematic diagram of the method. Further, if it is for driving safety or regulatory considerations, some of the vehicle equipment or devices cannot be turned off before the battery power is exhausted, and the present invention can provide an adjustment of the priority power supply order, such devices or devices. Arranged in the highest priority power supply position; In addition, after some equipment on the vehicle is turned off, the internal user's information will disappear, and after the power is reconnected, the user's customary value must be re-operated. Set up, such as the car's electronic clock, the radio's custom channel memory and other equipment, in order to avoid this inconvenience caused by power failure It is also possible to moderately increase its priority power supply order and keep as much as possible the user's customary device setting information. The preferred power supply of the present invention has an elastic adjustment application characteristic; as shown in FIG. 4, the corresponding level of the power supply of the multi-segment battery capacity segmentation device is indicated, among which:
Cinitial :標示電池放電時的初始電池容量。Cinitial : Indicates the initial battery capacity when the battery is discharged.
Cigni t ion :標示電池容量降至此位準時，僅保留車輛啟動 200950266 電源所需電池容量，其餘設備均切斷電力供應。 C s e t _ 1 ··標示電池容量降至此位準時，保留車柄啟動電源以 及優先考慮（順位1)設備所需電源，其餘設備均切斷電力供應。 Cset_N:標示電池容量降至此位準時’保留車柄啟動電源， 以及保留預先定義之優先供電順位1至順位N的設備所需電 源，其餘設備均切斷電力供應； 本發明之通訊傳輸介面（13)可提供行車控制電腦或是外部 控制器相關的電池現況訊息’尤其是輸出切換與容量資訊，行 控'皆勝可署用4b-訊-息-控韻丧-關普應-設備齋另丨考r開、^音是使乎 進入待機狀態的設備進入待機備便狀態，保留待機設備必要記 憶資訊不流失，有效控制電力之應用，更進一步的節省電力； 請參閱第2圖所示，該裝置除了第一實施所示之負極輸出方 式為共同接地搭接方式之外，也可採行不共同接地之搭接方 式，也就是電力負極輸出接點可為複數個；電力正極與負極接 地迴路線之搭配，可考慮各分類電子設備以一電力正極對應一 電力負極之個別搭接架構，或是數群相關電子設備共同接地搭 接架構；在車輛電子設備不依賴車體導體做為接地迴路的條件 下，接地分類搭接的架構，可有效減少電磁干擾，或增加抗干 擾能力； 在中央控制器（11)偵測到車上設備發生異常電流或是設備 電源短路時，可將該設備予以斷電’保護該設備並提出設備異 常訊息。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖：電池電力管理裝置之第一實施示意圖 第2圖：電池電力管理裝置之第二實施示意圊 第3圖··係顯示電池依容量進行第一實施分段控制示意圖 第4圖：係顯示電池依容量進行第二實施分段控制示意圖 第5圖：電池管理流程圖 【主要元件符號說明】 200950266 (1 ο)電池電力管理裝置 (11) 中央控制器 (12) 電壓電流偵測單元 (13) 通訊傳輸介面 (14) 顯示介面 (15) 溫度偵測單元 (16) 電力正極輸出控制單元 (161)電力正極第一接點 ------------ - (17) 電力負極輸出控制單元 (171)電力負極接點Cigni t ion : When the battery capacity drops to this level, only the battery capacity required for the vehicle to start the 200950266 power supply is retained, and the rest of the equipment is cut off. C s e t _ 1 ··When the battery capacity drops to this level, keep the power to the handle and prioritize (sequence 1) the power required by the equipment, and the rest of the equipment cuts off the power supply. Cset_N: indicates that the battery capacity drops to this level, 'retains the handle start power, and retains the power required by the pre-defined priority power supply 1 to the right N. The rest of the equipment cuts off the power supply; the communication transmission interface of the present invention (13) Can provide driving control computer or external controller related battery status information 'especially output switching and capacity information, line control' wins can use 4b - News - interest - control rhyme - Guan Puying - equipment fast丨考 r, ^ sound is to make the device into standby mode into standby standby state, retain the standby device necessary memory information is not lost, effectively control the application of power, further save power; In addition to the common ground connection mode of the negative output mode shown in the first embodiment, the device can also adopt the overlapping mode without common grounding, that is, the power negative output contact can be plural; the electric positive pole and the negative pole are grounded. For the combination of the back route, it can be considered that each of the classified electronic devices has an electric power positive electrode corresponding to an individual overlapping structure of the electric negative pole, or a plurality of related electronic devices are connected together. The lap joint structure; under the condition that the vehicle electronic device does not rely on the vehicle body conductor as a ground loop, the ground classification lap joint structure can effectively reduce electromagnetic interference or increase anti-interference ability; the central controller (11) detects When an abnormal current occurs in the equipment on the vehicle or the equipment is short-circuited, the equipment can be powered off to protect the equipment and raise a device abnormality message. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a first embodiment of a battery power management device. FIG. 2 is a second embodiment of a battery power management device. FIG. 3 is a first embodiment of the battery according to the capacity. Schematic diagram of the fourth diagram: showing the second embodiment of the battery according to the capacity of the segmentation control diagram 5: battery management flow chart [main components symbol description] 200950266 (1 ο) battery power management device (11) central controller (12) Voltage and current detection unit (13) Communication transmission interface (14) Display interface (15) Temperature detection unit (16) Power positive output control unit (161) Power positive first contact ----------- -- - (17) Power negative output control unit (171) power negative contact
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