200945720 * 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 -種具有絲阻尼電路之返馳式轉翻，制是指—返赋轉換器中 具有主動阻尼電路提供電力阻尼之創作。 '° 【先前技術】 在電源供應器(或其他電子裝置)中不可或缺的是電晶體（BJT)、金氧 半場效電晶體（MOSFET)等開關元件，且此等開關元件主要之作用為導 通或截斷電流之路線，但因電路中電感元件之能量無法憑空截止，因此在 切換瞬間在在會產生咼於正常電壓數倍之突波（Spike)，當上述開關元件 Φ 設置於電力能量較高之電路中，發生的突波更可能損壞電路或擊穿開關元 件，因而即產生了 snubber (阻尼電路）來扼阻切換瞬間產生之突波或雜 訊；snubber (阻尼電路）常見的形態是在開關元件旁並聯一電容與—電 阻，並利用一二極體令單向之電流通過，由於該型態不具有額外之控制訊 號影響該snubber (阻尼電路）之動作，因此亦稱為被動式snubber (阻尼 電路），被動式smibber (阻尼電路）如美國專利第7161331號之「B〇〇st converter utilizing bi-directional magnetic energy transfer of coupling inductor」，該先前創作中的「primaiy circuit」具有一開關元件q，而該開 關元件Q旁即並聯了 一電容Q與一二極體Di與二極體d2以構成一 參 「passive regenerative snubber」，該開關元件 Q 切換時該「passive regenerative snubber」中二極體Di的單向流通與電容器C!的儲能作用則負 責降低電壓與電流過度之波動，以避免突波擊穿開關元件q，被動式 snubber (阻尼電路）亦可見於美國專利第6876556號之「Accelerated commutation for passive clamp isolated boost converters」與其他先前創作 中’然而被動式snubber (阻尼電路）雖可有效消除突波，但由於並不受 訊號控制，而不具有同步之特性；而相對於被動式snubber (阻尼電 路），亦有主動式snubber (阻尼電路），如美國專利第5,570,278號之 「Clamped continuous flyback power converter」，該創作中具利用一輔助開 關 120 (auxiliary switch 120)以及一電容器 125 (capacitor 125)併聯於該 主線圈繞組132 (primary winding 132)兩端，該主線圈繞組132與一電力 5 200945720 開關110 (power switch 110)串聯’該辅助開關i2〇之工作時序與該電力 開關110錯開，該輔助開關120具有一本體二極體122 (body diode)以及 一本體電容123 (body capacitor)，該本體二極體122係供漏感136 (leakage inductance)電流通過至該電容器125，藉由該輔助開關12〇之本 體二極體 122 (body diode)、本體電容 123 (body capacitor)，以及與該 輔助開關120串聯之電谷器125達成替代習知被動式snubber(阻尼電 路）之功效’且可利用一控制裝置150 (controlmeans)之控制訊號與該電 力開關11〇之動作同步（相反之工作時序），形成一種主動式的snubber (阻尼電路），然而該創作中通過該輔助開關120因快速充放電而形成很 φ 高之電流1A，過高的電流會因導通損失過大而產生過多損耗以及損耗產生 之延伸困擾，再者該電容器125與變壓器二次側電容器142之間產生共振 的反應而造成二次側電流相位移，進一步使二次側的開關元件承受較高的 突波電壓’導致切換損失較大以及切換時產生雜訊（n〇ise)，為此，該先 前創作之發明人另申請美國專利第6069803號「0ffset res〇nance zer〇 v〇u switching flyback converter」以修正二次側電流相位移之問題；綜合上述多 個先前專利之研究，被動式snubber (阻尼電路）不具有受控制而達到同 步之功能，而上述之主動式snubber (阻尼電路）具有產生過大電流以及 二次側電流相位移之缺失，上述之二次側電流相位雖可由另一電路修正， 但增加了電路複雜度與成本，以及電路損耗增加之缺失。 W 【發明内容】 、有鑑於上述習知技術之缺失，本發明之首要目的即在於提供一種主動 式阻尼電路設計，且降低該阻尼電路產生之環流與共振，以降低產生損耗 以及二次側電流相位移之缺失。 本發明為一種具有主動阻尼電路之返馳式轉換器，其中該返馳式轉換 器ί有取得一輸入電力之一主繞線組、一控繼主繞線組電流週期之主開 關単元以及輸出-週期訊號之一脈寬調變單元，該週期訊號中包含一導通 週期與一截止週期以驅動該主開關單元，而該主動阻尼 線組兩端，該主動阻尼電路包括—並聯於該主繞線組之第—環流迴路、f 第二環流迴路以及一與該脈寬調變單元同步之零電壓切換單元，其中該第 6 200945720 一環流迴路包含一阻尼電容器以及一第一二極體，該二極體之正極連接於 該主繞線組與該主開關單元之間，而該第二環流迴路則並聯於該第一二極 體兩端’該第二環流迴路包含一阻尼控制開關以及一電感器；該第一環流 迴路在該主開關單元截止後先供電流通過且由該阻尼電容器吸收，而該零 電壓切換單元取得該第一二極體與該阻尼電容器之間的一偵測電壓，並設 定一基準值與該偵測電壓比對，藉由與該脈寬調變單元之同步時脈以及判 斷該偵測電壓低於該基準值時產生一阻尼控制訊號驅動該阻尼控制開關導 通而令該第二環流迴路導通，以形成第二個阻尼之電流路徑以達到降低電 流，以及避免單一環流迴路與該變壓器之二次側產生共振之效果。200945720 * IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] - A fly-back type turn-over with a wire damper circuit, which means that the active damper circuit provides power damping. '[Prior Art] In the power supply (or other electronic devices), switching elements such as transistors (BJT) and MOSFETs are indispensable, and the main functions of these switching elements are Turning on or off the current path, but because the energy of the inductive component in the circuit cannot be cut off in a vacuum, the spike will be generated several times below the normal voltage at the moment of switching, when the above-mentioned switching element Φ is set at the power energy In high-circuit circuits, the glitch that occurs is more likely to damage the circuit or break down the switching element, thus creating a snubber (damping circuit) to block the glitch or noise generated by the switching instant; the common form of snubber (damping circuit) is A capacitor and a resistor are connected in parallel with the switching element, and a unidirectional current is passed through a diode. Since the type does not have an additional control signal to affect the action of the snubber, it is also called a passive snubber. (damping circuit), passive smibber (damping circuit), such as "B〇〇st converter utilizing bi-directional magnetic energy t" "ransfer of coupling inductor", the "primaiy circuit" in the previous creation has a switching element q, and a capacitor Q and a diode Di and a diode d2 are connected in parallel to the switching element Q to form a "passive" Regenerative snubber", the unidirectional flow of the diode Di in the "passive regenerative snubber" and the energy storage of the capacitor C! in the "passive regenerative snubber" when switching element Q are responsible for reducing the excessive voltage and current fluctuations to avoid the surge breakdown switch Element q, passive snubber (damping circuit) can also be found in "Accelerated commutation for passive clamp isolated boost converters" of US Pat. No. 6,875,556 and other previous creations. However, passive snubber (damping circuit) can effectively eliminate the glitch, but due to It is not signal-controlled and does not have the characteristics of synchronization. In contrast to passive snubber (damping circuit), there is also an active snubber (damping circuit), such as the "Clamped continuous flyback power converter" of US Patent No. 5,570,278. The utility model utilizes an auxiliary switch 120 and a capacitor The 125 (capacitor 125) is connected in parallel to the main winding 132 (primary winding 132), and the main coil winding 132 is connected in series with a power 5 200945720 switch 110 (power switch 110) 'the operation timing of the auxiliary switch i2〇 The power switch 110 is staggered. The auxiliary switch 120 has a body diode 122 and a body capacitor 123. The body diode 122 is provided with a leakage inductance 136 current to the capacitor. 125, by the body diode of the auxiliary switch 12, the body capacitor 123, and the electric grid 125 connected in series with the auxiliary switch 120 to replace the conventional passive snubber (damping circuit) The function of 'controlmeans' can be synchronized with the action of the power switch 11 (the opposite working sequence) to form an active snubber (damping circuit), but the auxiliary is used in the creation. The switch 120 forms a very high current of 1A due to rapid charge and discharge. Excessive current will cause excessive loss due to excessive conduction loss and delay of loss. Trouble, in addition, the resonance between the capacitor 125 and the transformer secondary side capacitor 142 causes a secondary side current phase shift, and further causes the secondary side switching element to withstand a higher surge voltage' resulting in a large switching loss. In addition, the inventor of the prior art has applied for the "0ffset res〇nance zer〇v〇u switching flyback converter" to correct the secondary side current phase shift. The problem; in combination with the study of several previous patents, the passive snubber (damping circuit) does not have the function of being controlled to achieve synchronization, and the active snubber (damping circuit) described above has excessive current and secondary current phase shift. Missing, the secondary current phase described above can be modified by another circuit, but increases circuit complexity and cost, and the lack of increased circuit losses. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the primary object of the present invention is to provide an active damper circuit design and reduce the circulating current and resonance generated by the damper circuit to reduce the loss and the secondary current. Missing phase shift. The invention is a flyback converter with an active damping circuit, wherein the flyback converter has a main winding group for obtaining an input power, a main switching unit for controlling a current period of the main winding group, and an output. a pulse width modulation unit of the periodic signal, wherein the period signal includes a conduction period and an off period to drive the main switching unit, and the active damping circuit comprises: parallel to the main winding a first-loop loop of the line set, a second loop loop of the f, and a zero-voltage switching unit synchronized with the pulse width modulation unit, wherein the sixth 200945720 loop circuit includes a snubber capacitor and a first diode The anode of the diode is connected between the main winding group and the main switching unit, and the second circulating circuit is connected in parallel to the two ends of the first diode. The second circulating circuit comprises a damping control switch and a An inductor; the first loop circuit supplies current through and is absorbed by the snubber capacitor after the main switch unit is turned off, and the zero voltage switching unit obtains the first diode and the damper Detecting a voltage between the containers, and setting a reference value to be compared with the detection voltage, generating a damping by synchronizing the clock with the pulse width modulation unit and determining that the detection voltage is lower than the reference value The control signal drives the damping control switch to be turned on to turn on the second circulating circuit to form a second damped current path to reduce the current and to avoid the effect of the single circulating circuit resonating with the secondary side of the transformer.
Ο 【實施方式】 有關本發明之詳細說明及技術内容，現就配合圖式說明如下： 請參閲圖1，本發明為一種具有主動阻尼電路之返馳式轉換器，其中 該返跳式轉換器包含-變壓器3 (Tl)，且該變壓器3之一次側具有二主 繞線組31 ’該主繞線組31取得一輸入電力i後將藉由電磁感應將能量轉 換至該變壓器3之二次側，該域線組31線關無法完全齡進而產生 32，-主開關單元4則連接該主繞線組31，而—脈寬調變單元2 則產生-週期峨（VG1)鶴該主開卿元4，該週舰號包含—導通週 期以及-截止週期以驅動該主開關單元4，進而控制流經該主繞線组Μ之 綱簡㈣杨_⑽成一返馳 2絲構’藉由電磁感應傳送至二次側之電力經過—整流二極體η (d3)以及一輸出電容器72 (c〇)後傳送至一負載8，上述 架構，其動作原理為該技術領域者所熟知，故不再贅述丨 i tut於該主動阻尼電路包含—並聯於該域線組之第一環流迴 ⑻體Γ電容器62 (Ci)以及一第一二極體61 亓4 L 之正極連接於該主繞線㈣與該主開關單 以及物·：_ Μ之負極 ㈣端糊二極體 (_—電感器陶，其中 200945720 、、且31與社聊單7^ 4之間，該阻尼控糊關63則連接於該第-二極體 6的負極與該電感器64之間，該阻尼控制關μ受控於—零電壓切換單 το 5該零電壓切換單元5取得該第_二極體^與該阻尼電容器62之間 的偵測電壓’並藉由與該脈寬調變單元2之同步時脈（咖^)以及判斷 該細電壓低於-基準值（可設該基準值為〇v)時產生一阻尼控制訊號 (y)驅動雜尼控制開關63 #通而令該第二環流迴路導通，供該阻尼 電谷器62放電’且電流通過該電感器&而受抑制，直至該零電壓切換單 凡5藉销步時脈（Syne)得知該主開關單元4之下—導通週期即將開 始口而τ該阻尼控制開關63截止，使該阻尼控制開關63截止後與該主開 φ 關單元4導通之間更包含一截止時間（Dead time)，藉此避免該阻尼控制 關63與„亥主開關單元4產生交越現象（〇verlap);再者，該第二環流 迴路之阻尼控綱關63及該魏器64之間更可速接—單向放電迴路，該 單向放電迴路為-放電二極體65，該放電二極體65之正端連接於一接地 端’而該放電二極體65之負端連接於該阻尼控制開關63及電感器糾之 間，令該阻尼控制開M 63截止後之截止時間中該電感器64之電流可通過 該=電二極體65 ’使該電感器64之電流不至於強迫中斷而產生極大之電 壓突波，藉由上述之架構’使該返桃式電路在該主開關單元4 _閉之週期 中得有雙重之環流迴路得以緩和電力切換所產生之環流，並且藉由該第二 環流迴路供該阻尼電容器62放電，避免該阻尼電容器62與該變壓器3二 次侧之輸㈣容H 72產生共振；上述零電壓切鮮元5之架構請參閲圖 2 ’該零電壓切換單元5包含一參考電壓源5卜一問閘電路&以及一電壓 偵測電路53，其中該參考電壓源S1提供輸出該阻尼控制訊號之電壓跨接 於該閃職路52之兩端’該電壓細電路53取得該侧電磨，並判斷該 偵測電壓下降低於-基準值_生一觸發訊號，其中該基準值係由該電^ 侧電路53賴定，且該基準值縣〇，制_路52制時依據該同 步訊號（Sync)以及該觸發訊號而閂鎖或釋放該參考電壓源&提供之電 壓，進而形成該阻尼控制訊號（VG2)，使該零電壓切換單元5得^判斷 該阻尼電容H 62與該第一二極體61 M之電壓下降至絲準值後再啟用談 第二環流迴路。 8 200945720 ❹ 請/閱圖3 ’該圖所示為上述電路架構之波形圖，其中該週期訊號 (vG1)與阻尼控制訊號（Vg2)各控制該主關單元4與阻尼控制開關纪 導通，T。至A為-個完整之週期，在％中該主開關單元4仍導通中，通 過該主_單元4之電流lQ1 上升，且部份電流係由該放電二極體的 與該電感器64流向該主開關單元4，而τ]則為該主開關單元*截止後該 阻尼控制開關63尚未起動，辦原本流經該主開關單元4之電流流向該 第-二減61且對該阻尼電容器62充電，因而形成該第—環流迴路，同 =該變壓器3二次侧之電流Ιμ開始流過該整流二極體71 ;隨著該阻尼電 :器62逐漸充電’該第—二極體61旁之侧電壓逐漸縮小而使 降，該零輕婦單元5靖該侧低於—基準值（纖實施例之波 2圖中可見ID1下降至〇時即細_趣下降至gv)後啟動該阻尼控 進入丁2) ’令該阻尼電容器62得經由該阻尼控制開關63與 H經該電感器64之電流lL1逐漸上升；最後該同步 ^ (Syne) __壓切解元5錢止娜尼控綱關&，因此進 關單元亦即波形圖中之T3)，經過該截止時間即重新啟動該主開 4重複另__週期，因此·復匈將該輸人電力丨轉換輸出至該負 =然本發明已以較佳實施例揭露如上，然其並非用以限定本發明，任 2¾此藤者，林_本發明之騎和 綜上所述，本發明較習知之電路增進上述功效，應已充分 明要件，纽缺出申請，騎貴局^本件發 月寻利中賴’峨創作，域德便β 9 200945720 #Ο [Embodiment] The detailed description and technical content of the present invention will now be described with reference to the following figures: Referring to Figure 1, the present invention is a flyback converter with an active damping circuit, wherein the jumpback conversion The transformer includes a transformer 3 (T1), and the primary side of the transformer 3 has two main winding groups 31'. After the main winding group 31 obtains an input power i, energy is converted to the transformer 3 by electromagnetic induction. On the secondary side, the line line group 31 line can not be completely aged to generate 32, the main switch unit 4 is connected to the main winding group 31, and the pulse width modulation unit 2 generates a - period 峨 (VG1) crane. Kaiqingyuan 4, the ship's ship contains a conduction cycle and a -off cycle to drive the main switch unit 4, and then control the flow through the main winding group ( (4) Yang _ (10) into a return 2 wire structure The power transmitted from the electromagnetic induction to the secondary side passes through the rectifying diode η (d3) and an output capacitor 72 (c〇) and is then transmitted to a load 8, the above structure, the principle of which is well known to those skilled in the art. Therefore, it is no longer necessary to describe 丨i tut in the active damping circuit - and The first loop of the domain line back (8) body buffer capacitor 62 (Ci) and the anode of a first diode 61 亓4 L are connected to the main winding (4) and the main switch unit and the object:: _ Μ The negative electrode (four) end paste diode (_-inductor pottery, wherein 200945720, and 31 and the social chat list 7^ 4, the damping control paste 63 is connected to the negative pole of the first diode 6 Between the inductors 64, the damping control switch μ is controlled by the zero voltage switching unit τ5. The zero voltage switching unit 5 obtains the detection voltage between the _ diode body and the damper capacitor 62 and borrows A damping control signal (y) is generated by the synchronization clock (ca) of the pulse width modulation unit 2 and the determination that the fine voltage is lower than the -reference value (the reference value can be set to 〇v) The switch 63 is turned on to turn on the second circulating circuit for discharging the damper grid 62 and the current is suppressed by the inductor & until the zero voltage is switched to the single 5 revolving step (Syne) It is known that the main switching unit 4 is below the conduction period, and the damping control switch 63 is turned off, so that the damping control switch 63 is turned off. There is further included a dead time between the main opening and the closing unit 4, thereby preventing the damping control off 63 from generating a crossover phenomenon (〇verlap) with the main switch unit 4; The damping control gate 63 of the two-loop circuit and the vibrator 64 are more rapidly connected to each other - the one-way discharge circuit, the one-way discharge circuit is a discharge diode 65, and the positive terminal of the discharge diode 65 is connected to a ground terminal 'and a negative terminal of the discharge diode 65 is connected between the damping control switch 63 and the inductor correction, so that the current of the inductor 64 can pass through the cutoff time after the damping control is turned on M 63 = electric diode 65' causes the current of the inductor 64 to not be forced to interrupt and generates a great voltage surge. The above structure is used to make the returning circuit in the period of the main switching unit 4_closed The double loop circuit can alleviate the circulation generated by the power switching, and the second circulating loop is used to discharge the damping capacitor 62 to prevent the damping capacitor 62 from resonating with the input (four) capacitance H 72 of the secondary side of the transformer 3; Please refer to the structure of the above zero voltage cut fresh element 5 2, the zero voltage switching unit 5 includes a reference voltage source 5, a gate circuit & and a voltage detecting circuit 53, wherein the reference voltage source S1 provides a voltage outputting the damping control signal across the flashing The two ends of the path 52' the voltage fine circuit 53 obtains the side electric grind, and determines that the detected voltage drops below the -reference value_generation trigger signal, wherein the reference value is determined by the electric circuit side circuit 53, And the reference value 〇, the system _ way 52 system according to the synchronization signal (Sync) and the trigger signal to latch or release the reference voltage source & provide the voltage, thereby forming the damping control signal (VG2), so that The zero voltage switching unit 5 determines that the voltage of the damping capacitor H 62 and the first diode 61 M drops to a wire value and then activates the second loop circuit. 8 200945720 ❹ Please see / see Figure 3 'This figure shows the waveform diagram of the above circuit structure, wherein the periodic signal (vG1) and the damping control signal (Vg2) each control the main off unit 4 and the damping control switch to conduct, T . Until A is a complete cycle, the main switching unit 4 is still turned on in %, the current lQ1 passing through the main_cell 4 rises, and part of the current flows from the discharge diode 64 to the inductor 64. The main switching unit 4, and τ] is that the damping control switch 63 has not been started after the main switching unit* is turned off, and the current flowing through the main switching unit 4 flows to the first-second subtraction 61 and the damping capacitor 62 Charging, thus forming the first-loop circuit, and the current Ιμ of the secondary side of the transformer 3 begins to flow through the rectifying diode 71; as the damper: 62 is gradually charged 'next to the second-pole 61 The side voltage is gradually reduced and decreased, and the zero-light unit 5 is lower than the reference value (the waveform of the fiber example can be seen when the ID1 drops to 〇, that is, the fineness falls to gv), and the damping is started. Controlling the entry 2) 'Let the damper capacitor 62 gradually rise through the damper control switch 63 and H through the current 64L of the inductor 64; finally the synchronization ^ (Syne) __ press-cutting solution 5 money stop Nani control Gangguan &, therefore, the entry unit is also T3 in the waveform diagram, after which the deadline is re- The main opening 4 repeats the other __ cycle, so that the reintroduction of the input power is converted to the negative. However, the present invention has been disclosed in the preferred embodiment as above, but it is not intended to limit the present invention. This rattan, Lin _ the riding of the present invention and the above, the conventional circuit of the present invention enhances the above-mentioned effects, should have fully clarified the requirements, the new missing application, ride your office ^ this piece of the month to find the profit in the 峨 '峨Creation, domain debian β 9 200945720 #
【圖式簡單說明】 圖1為本發明之電路方塊圖（一）。 圖2為上述電路圖之方塊圖（二）。 圖3為上述電路之波形圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 .......輸入電力 2 .......脈寬調變單元 3 .......變壓器 31 .......主繞線組 32 .......漏感 4 .......主開關單元 5 .......零電壓切換單元 51 .......參考電壓源 52 .......閂閘電路 53 .......電壓偵測電路 61 .......第一二極體 62 .......阻尼電容器 63 .......阻尼控制開關 64 .......電感器 65 .......放電二極體 71 .......整流二極體 72 .......輸出電容器 8 .......負載BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a circuit block diagram (1) of the present invention. Figure 2 is a block diagram (2) of the above circuit diagram. Figure 3 is a waveform diagram of the above circuit. [Description of main component symbols] 1. Input power 2 ... Pulse width modulation unit 3 ... Transformer 31 .... Main winding group 32 ....... leakage inductance 4 ....... main switch unit 5 ... zero voltage switching unit 51 .... reference voltage source 52 ..... .. latch circuit 53 .... voltage detection circuit 61 .... first diode 62 ... damping capacitor 63 ... ... damping control Switch 64 .... inductor 65 .... discharge diode 71 ... rectifying diode 72 .... output capacitor 8 .... ...load