200937714 九、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於對於攜帶電子機器之動作有效之燃料電 池。 【先前技術】 近年，電筆記型電腦’行動電話等之各種電子機器係 〇 與半導體技術之發達同時而作爲小型化，並嘗試將燃料電 池使用於此等小型機器用之電源。而燃料電池係使由供給 燃料與氧化劑而即可發電，並具有只需補充•交換燃料而 即可連續發電之利點。因此，可以說是如可作爲小型化， 對於攜帶電子機器之動作極爲有利之系統。特別是，直接 甲醇型燃料電池（Direct Methanol Fuel Cell: DMFC)係 因將能量密度高之甲醇使用於燃料，可從甲醇，在電極觸 媒上直接取出電流之故，而可作爲小型化，另外，從燃料 G 的處理亦比較於氫氣而爲容易，期望作爲小型機器用電源 ，對於筆記型電腦、行動電話、攜帶播放器、攜帶遊戲機 等之無線攜帶機器，作爲最佳之電源而期待其實用化。 作爲DMFC之燃料供給方式，係知道有有以送風箱等 ，將液體燃料氣化之後，送入至燃料電池內之氣體供給型 DMFC，與直接以幫浦等，將液體燃料送入至燃料電池內 之液體供給型DMFC，將液體燃料，在內部進行氣化之內 部氣化型DMFC »其中內部氣化型之DMFC係例如，揭示 於日本專利第3413111號公報。在內部氣化型DMFC中， 200937714 將保持於燃料浸透層中的液體燃料之中的氣化成分，在燃 料氣化層（陽極氣體擴散層）進行擴散，所擴散的氣化燃 料乃加以供給至陽極觸媒層，與來自陰極觸媒層側的氧化 劑’在電解質膜進行發電反應。 另外’主要作爲在行動機器所使用之小型的燃料電池 ’爲了供給液體燃料於陽極而未使用燃料幫浦等之能動移 送手段之被動型燃料電池，則記載於國際公開號 W2006/057283號公報。在如此之行動機器用之燃料電池 中，爲了實現小型化，作爲燃料要求使用純甲醇者。 在被動型燃料電池中，經由於電解質膜之一方的面接 合陽極，於另一方的面接合陰極之時，構成膜電極接合體 (MEA ： Membrane Electrode Assembly)，於 MEA 之陽 極側，配置燃料供給機構，對於陰極側係配置空氣供給機 構。陽極係由陽極觸媒層與陽極氣體擴散層所構成。對於 陽極氣體擴散層之陽極觸媒層之相反的面，係層積陽極集 電體，將陽極電性連接於外部電路。同樣地，陰極係由陰 極觸媒層與陰極氣體擴散層所構成。對於陰極氣體擴散層 之陰極觸媒層之相反的面，係層積陰極集電體，將陰極電 性連接於外部電路。 特別是，在作爲燃料而使用甲醇等之液體燃料之燃料 電池中，有著液體燃料乃通過陽極集電體與陽極之界面， 漏出於陽極的外周側，未透過電解質膜而繞回於陰極側之 可能性。當引起此燃料從陽極繞回至陰極之現象時，燃料 電池之發電效率則下降。特別是，在用於攜帶電子機器之 -6 - 200937714 燃料電池中，小型化乃因成爲重要之設定上的造點，故要 求未招致尺寸的增加，且可確實地密封上述界面之密封構 造的開發。 但在以往之燃料電池中，爲了使攜帶電子機器動作而 充分地得到高輸出特性者乃爲困難。在以往之燃料電池之 中，做爲液體燃料而例如使用將甲醇與水以1: 1之莫耳 比加以混合之甲醇水溶液，將甲醇與水的雙方，供給至陽 〇 極，但因水比較於甲醇，蒸氣壓爲低，且水的氣化速度係 比甲醇的氣化速度爲慢之故，無論是甲醇或水，當經由氣 化而供給至陽極時，因對於甲醇供給量的水之相對性的供 給則不足，其結果，將甲醇做內部改質之反應的反應阻抗 則變高。 另外，DMFC係因每單位元件之動作電壓爲低的 0.3〜0.5V程度，故有將複數之單位元件進行串聯地連接而 組裝於機器的必要，特別是對於組裝於筆記型電腦、行動 〇 電話、攜帶播放器、攜帶遊戲機等之小型攜帶機器時，係 有將複數之單位元件配置於同一平面之必要。 另外，在DMFC之中，當內部之密封不完全時，因寄 予反應之燃料的比例則減少，而燃料利用效率下降之故， 使燃料電池性能下降。 【發明內容】 本發明係爲爲了解決上述課題所作爲之構成，其目的 爲提供爲了使攜帶機器動作而可得到充分高之輸出特性的 200937714 燃料電池者。 有關本發明之燃料電池係具備：備有具有陰極與陽極 ，和夾持於前述陰極與前述陽極之間的電解質膜之膜電極 接合體之起電部，和具有電性接觸於與前述陰極之前述電 解質膜側相反側的陰極集電體，和電性接觸於與前述陽極 之前述電解質膜側相反側的陽極集電體，前述陽極集電體 乃在與和前述陽極接觸的面相反的面，配置於絕緣薄膜上 ，圍繞前述陽極集電體而密封前述電解質膜與前述絕緣薄 膜間之陽極密封框。 【實施方式】 本發明之燃料電池係因具備具有電性接觸於與陰極之 電解質膜側相反側的陰極集電體，和電性接觸於與陽極之 電解質膜側相反側的陽極集電體，前述陽極集電體乃在與 和前述陽極接觸的面相反的面，配置於絕緣薄膜上，圍繞 前述陽極集電體而密封前述電解質膜與前述絕緣薄膜間之 〇 陽極密封框，故在膜電極接合體，陽極密封框乃有效地阻 止燃料從陽極側繞回至陰極側者。因此，可有效利用燃料 ，起電部之體積能量密度則提昇，輸出效率乃上升。 本發明中，更且陽極集電體係在與和前述陰極接觸的 面相反的面，配置於絕緣薄膜上，具有圍繞前述陰極集電 體而密封前述陰極與前述絕緣薄膜間之陰極框爲佳。經由 加上於陽極密封框，更且安裝陰極密封框者，不只陽極側 ，陰極側亦加以密封，所謂成爲二重密封構造之故，成爲 -8- 200937714 可更有效地防止燃料L繞回膜電極接合體之外周者。 於此情況，將陽極集電體及前述陰極集電體，配置於 共通之前述絕緣薄膜之上方爲佳。經由使用如此之共通絕 緣薄膜者，將共通絕緣薄膜折成兩折，於所反折之絕緣薄 膜之間，夾入起電部，可製作單元化之集電體組合者。如 此之二折構造係記載於上述之國際公開號 W200 6/0 5 72 8 3 號公報，有著可減少構件數與工程，兩極之集電體圖案與 〇 含有膜電極接合體之起電部的位置配合變爲容易之優點。 對於製作二折構造之集電體組合時，可更具有設置於 陽極集電體與陰極集電體之間，將陽極電極串聯地連接於 陰極電極之電極間導電構件者。此情況，將從在電極間導 電構件作爲二折之前的面內之陰極電極至陽極電極的離間 距離’作爲W5之情況’對於從含有膜電極接合體之陰極 氣體擴散層至陽極氣體擴散層的厚度t而言，滿足1.5t$ W5S4t之關係者爲佳。對於前述陽極電極及陰極電極使 Ο 用金屬板之情況’離間距離W5乃未達厚度t之1.5倍時 ，因根據充分之曲率半徑’彎曲180度乃變爲困難，假設 即使可作爲彎曲，彎曲部亦因產生銳角性地產生變形而塑 性硬化’彎曲部乃容易變脆而破損。另一方面，離間距離 W5乃超過厚度t之4倍時，因從對向之陽極電極至陰極 電極之相互間隔變過大，造成燃料電池之大型化。此情況 ，將從含有膜電極接合體之陰極擴散層至陽極擴散層之厚 度t’作爲600~900μηι，將離間距離W5作爲0.75~3.6mm 者爲佳。將前述陽極電極及陰極電極，以金屬板構成之情 -9- 200937714 況，電極的厚度tl乃50μιη〜2 0 0μηι爲佳。當電極的厚度 乃50μιη以下時，因要求的強度則不足而容易破損。另一 方面，當電極厚度tl超過200μπι時，剛性則增加，對於 彎曲所需的力則變爲過大，而變爲不易彎曲。另外，離間 距離W5乃未達0.75mm時，對於彎曲所需的力則變爲過 大，而變爲不易彎曲之同時，彎曲部乃成爲銳角而容易破 損。另一方面，離間距離W5乃超過3.6mm時，因從對向 ·* 之陽極集電體至陰極集電體之相互間隔變過大，造成燃料 電池之大型化。 然而，對於前述陰極集電體及陽極集電體，係例如可 各使用金，鎳等之金屬材料所成之多孔質膜（例如；網目 )或箔體，或者對於不銹鋼（SUS)等之導電性金屬材料 ，被覆金等良導電性金屬之複合材等。 另外，將陰極電極之相互間隔W2及陽極電極之相互 間隔W4，各作爲0.3mm以上1.5mm以下者爲佳。當電極 部之相互間隔W2，W4未達0.3mm時，因雖根據電極間 絕緣密封部的絕緣性能，亦有產生短路之虞。另一方面， 當電極部之相互間隔W2，W4超過1.5mm時，因燃料電 池大型化，作爲攜帶電子機器用之電源而成爲不適合之構 成。 電極間導電構件乃爲了將在各電極所生成之電子取出 於外部電路之導電部，剖面積變越大，阻抗則降低，但當 增厚導電部之厚度，剖面積加大時，彎曲則變爲困難，而 當加寬導電部之寬度時，接觸於其他的端子之可能性變大 -10- 200937714 之故，導電部之厚度乃50μιη~2()0μιη爲佳，電極間導電構 件的寬度W6係如將與其他的端子之距離作爲〇.4mm以上 ，可彎曲的寬度即可。 另外，將陰極電極之寬度W1及陽極電極之寬度W3 ，各爲1mm以上者爲佳。然而，各電極部的寬度係指·· 各電極配置於平面之情況的配列方向之寬度，對於電極乃 略長方形之情況，係成爲短方向之長度。對於電極乃略長 © 方形之情況，長度方向與短方向的比（深寬比）乃10對1 以下爲佳。 以下，參照添加的圖面，說明爲了實施本發明之各種 實施形態。 接著’參照圖1至圖5，對於本實施例之有機電激發 光顯示裝置之製造方法加以說明。燃料電池1係全體乃由 外裝蓋（蓋板）21及燃料分配機構11等所被覆，於內部 具備複數之單位元件。此等複數之單位元件乃實質上橫排 ® 配置於同一平面上，且藉由陰極集電體7a，陽極集電體 7b及連接於各集電體之端子77’ 78，經由未圖示之導線 配線串聯地連接。陰極集電體7a乃在與接觸於陰極氣體 擴散層4的面相反的面，加以配置於絕緣薄膜70上，陽 極集電體7b乃在與接觸於陽極氣體擴散層5的面相反的 面，加以配置於絕緣薄膜70上。 燃料電池1係例如經由將外裝蓋21之端部21 a鉚接 加工於燃料分配機構11之外面者，作爲將複數之單位元 件作爲一體化之1個單元而加以構成。更且，經由將外裝 -11 - 200937714 蓋21與燃料分配機構11，例如以螺絲與螺冒（未圖示） 控合者，將此等作爲一體化爲佳。 燃料電池1內之單位元件係將其外周，經由陰極密封 框8a及陽極密封框8b液密地加以密封。此等陰極密封框 8a及陽極密封框8b係期望爲由對於燃料之透過量乃 9xl〇7g/ m3 · 24hr · atm以下，體積電阻率乃 1011〜1〇15 Ω · cm之橡膠系材料所成者。陰當透過量多時，寄予發 電之燃料量變少，使燃料電池性能下降，當薄片電阻低時 ’絕緣破壞而容易產生短路。對於橡膠系材料，係可使用 EPDM (乙烯丙烯橡膠），氟素系橡膠，矽系橡膠等者。 對於陽極集電體7b係開口有複數之燃料供給孔18, 呈從燃料分配機構11，燃料成分通過孔18而加以供給至 陽極氣體擴散層5及陽極觸媒層3。 對於陽極集電體7b與燃料分配機構1 1之間，係例如 設置有氣液分離膜9。氣液分離膜9之周緣部係夾持於燃 料分配機構11之突緣絕緣薄膜70之間。氣液分離膜9係 由具有多孔之細孔的聚四氟乙烯（PTFE )薄板所成，具有 遮斷液體燃料之液體成分，使氣體成分透過的性質者。 液體儲留池40係經由燃料分配機構11而規定周圍之 特定容量之空隙所成，在其空隙的適所（例如，燃料分配 機構11之側面），開口有未圖示之燃料著入口。 對於液體儲留池40之內部係設置有未圖示之液體燃 料含浸層。液體燃料浸含層係針對在液體儲留池40的液 體燃料減少之情況，或燃料電池主體乃傾斜而加以配置， -12- 200937714 燃料供給不平衡之情況，亦可均等地供給燃料於氣液分離 膜9，其結果，對於陽極觸媒層3而言，可平衡地供給氣 化之液體燃料者。作爲液體燃料浸含層，例如由多孔質聚 酯纖維，多孔質烯系樹脂等多硬質纖維，連續氣泡多孔質 體樹脂爲佳。除聚酯纖維以外，亦可經由丙烯酸系之樹脂 等之各種吸水性聚合物而構成，經由利用海綿或纖維之集 合體等液體之浸透性而可保持液體之材料所構成。如此之 φ 液體燃料浸含部係無關於主體之姿勢而對於供給適量之液 體燃料者而爲有效。 對於陰極集電體7a係開口有複數之燃料供給孔18, 呈從通氣孔22所導入之空氣乃經由保濕板19之後，通過 孔18而加以供給至陰極氣體擴散層4及陽極觸媒層2。然 而，氣體流通孔18之中心軸乃呈與形成於外裝蓋21之通 氣孔22之中心軸略一致地加以配置爲佳。 外裝蓋21乃因加壓包含單元構造體20之層積體，亦 G 完成提昇其密著性的功能，故例如如由SUS304之金屬板 所構成。保濕板19係達成防止在陰極觸媒層2所生成的 水之蒸散的作用同時，經由於陰極擴散層4，均一地導入 氧化劑之時，亦達成作爲促進對於陰極觸媒層2的氧化劑 之均一擴散的補助擴散層之作用。對於其保濕板19,理想 爲使用氣孔率爲例如20〜60%之多孔性薄膜等。 燃料電池之單位元件係構成將陽極觸媒層3，陽極氣 體擴散層5，陰極觸媒層2，具有夾持於陰極氣體擴散層4 及前述陽極觸媒層3與前述陰極觸媒層2之間的質子傳導 -13- 200937714 性的電解質磨6，作爲一體化之膜電極接合體。陽極觸媒 層3乃氧化藉由陽極氣體擴散層5所供給的燃料，從燃料 取出電子與質子者。陽極觸媒層3乃例如經由含有觸媒之 碳素粉末加以構成。對於觸媒係使用例如白金（Pt)之微 粒子、鐵（Fe)、鎳（Ni)、钻（Co)、釕（Ru)或鉬（ Mo)等之過渡金屬或其氧化物或此等之合金等之微粒子。 從可防止經由一氧化碳（CO)之吸附的觸媒之不活性化之 情況，對於陽極觸媒係期望使用對於甲醇或一氧化碳耐性 強之Pt-Ru，對於陰極觸媒係期望使用白金。但，並不僅 於此限定觸媒之構成。另外，亦可使用使用如碳素材料之 導電性載持體的載持體觸媒，或無載持體觸媒。 另外，陽極觸媒層3係包含使用於電解質膜6之樹脂 的微粒子情況更佳。因爲容易進行所產生之質子的移動。 陽極氣體擴散層5係例如以由多孔質之碳素材料而成之薄 膜所構成，具體而言，係以碳紙或碳纖維等所形成。 陰極係具有陰極觸媒層2與陰極氣體擴散層4。陰極 觸媒層2係將氧還原，使電子與針對在陽極觸媒層3產生 的質子進行反應而生成水的構成，例如，與上述之陽極觸 媒層3同樣地所構成。即，陰極係構成從電解質膜6側依 序堆疊由包含觸媒之碳素粉沬而成之陰極觸媒層2與由多 孔質之碳素材料而成之陰極氣體擴散層4(氣體透過層） 的層機構造。使用於陰極觸媒層2之觸媒係爲與陽極觸媒 層3相同，陽極觸媒層2有包含使用於電解質膜6之樹脂 之微粒子的情況，亦與陽極觸媒層2相同。 -14- 200937714 電解質膜6乃爲了將在陽極觸媒層3產生之質子，輸 送至陰極觸媒層者，未具有電子傳導性，而經由可輸送質 子之材料所構成。例如，經由聚全氟磺酸系之樹脂膜，具 體而言，係DUPONT公司製之Nafion膜，旭硝子公司製 之Flemion膜，或旭化成工業公司製之Aciplex膜等所構 成。然而，除了聚全氟磺酸系之樹脂膜之外，亦可作爲構 成可輸送三氟苯乙烯衍生物之共聚合膜，含浸磷酸之聚并 0 咪唑膜，芳香族聚醚酮磺酸膜，或脂肪族碳化氫樹脂膜等 質子之電解質膜6。但，質子傳導性之電解質膜6並不限 定於此等之構成。 陰極氣體擴散層4乃層積於陰極觸媒 層2上，且陽極氣體擴散層5乃層積於陽極觸媒層3之下 面側。陰極氣體擴散層4乃擔負均一地供給氧化劑於陰極 觸媒層2之作用者，但亦兼具陰極觸媒層2之集電體。另 一方面，陽極氣體擴散層5乃擔負均一地供給燃料於陽極 觸媒層3之作用同時，亦兼具陽極觸媒層3之集電體。陰 〇 極集電體7a及陽極集電體7b係各自與陰極氣體擴散層4 及陽極氣體擴散層5電性地接觸。 於單元構造體20之下方設置有燃料分配機構11。燃 料分配機構11之主體係爲一面具有複數之燃料供給口 14 之矩型箱。對於液體儲留池40內係收容有液體之甲醇或 甲醇水溶液等之液體燃料。在此，液體燃料之氣化成份係 指作爲液體燃料而使用液體之甲醇情況’係指氣化之甲醇 ，對於作爲液體燃料而使用甲醇水溶液之情況，係指甲醇 之氣化成份與水的氣化成份所成之混合氣體者。 -15- 200937714 接著，參照圖2〜圖5’關於就上述燃料電池之單元構 造體而加以說明。 在本實施型態之中’將集電體組件7A做爲二折構造 。構成集電體組件7A之陰極導電層7a及陽極導電層7b 係由對於不銹鋼鏟金之複合材所形成，配置於共通之絕緣 薄膜70上。作爲配置方法，可使用採用黏接劑之方法， 使液狀的橡膠硫化而交聯之方法，將液狀的橡膠，以放射 線照射而交聯之方法。在將共通之絕緣薄膜70作爲二折 0 ，即將集電體組件7A做爲二折之間，收容膜電極接合體 10。即，呈於層積於陰極觸媒層2之陰極氣體擴散層4， 電性接觸陰極集電體7a，層積於陽極觸媒層3之陽極氣體 擴散層5乃電性地接觸於陽極集電體7b地，經由作爲二 折之集電體組件7A，膜電極接合體10係夾入兩面。並且 ，對於絕緣薄膜70之陽極側，係圍繞陽極集電體7b而配 置密封電解質6與絕緣薄膜70間之陽極密封框8b。另外 ’對於絕緣薄膜70之陰極側，係圍繞陰極集電體7a而配 ◎ 置密封電解質6與絕緣薄膜70間之陰極密封框8a。 對於陰極集電體7a及陽極集電體7b，係各穿設有爲 了供給空氣於陰極觸媒層2之複數的空氣流通孔18及爲 了供給燃料於陽極觸媒層3之複數的燃料供給孔18。更且 ’對於共通之絕緣薄膜70亦穿設有同樣的流通孔18。 如此之單元構造體20係如以下做爲而製作。 首先將陰極導電層7a及陽極導電層7b，使用濕蝕刻 法’乾触刻法，或沖壓法等之方法，製作成要求的圖案。 -16- 200937714 所製作之集電體7a，7b係如圖4所示，具有配置成複數 之平行的陰極側電極71及配置成複數之平行之陽極側電 極73，複數之電極間導電構件75及一對的端子77，78。 陰極側電極71及陽極側電極73乃係長方形狀。兩端子77 ，78乃配置於陰極側電極71及陽極側電極73之相互最遠 的位置（多極排列之一方側的端部與另一方側的端部）。 未具有端子之陰極電極部71與陽極電極部73係經由電極 φ 部間導電構件75所連接。即，無端子之陰極電極部71與 陽極電極部73係偏移1列所配置之電極部之間，則經由 電極部間導電構件75而1對1地所連接者而串聯地連接 。爲了防止短路，電極部間導電構件75與電極部71、73 之最短距離L1 (圖4)係有必要做爲〇.4mm以上。但，在 將最短距離L 1做爲過大之排列之中，因燃料電池大型化 之故，而期望將最短距離L1設定爲3.0mm以下者。 將如此陽極集電體7a陰極集電體7b，配置於共通之 〇 絕緣薄膜70之上方。當在其配置，使用使液狀的橡膠硫 化而交聯之方法，或者將液狀的橡膠，以放射線照射而交 聯之方法時’有著同時形成陰極密封框8a或陽極密封框 8 b的優點。 由如此作爲個設置陰極密封框8a及陽極密封框8b，5 串聯之情況’將5片的導電層，對於複數之電極而言，如 圖5(省略密封框之圖示）進行折返，如圖1設置於特定 之位置。 然而’如圖2所示，預先將陰極密封框8a黏接或形 -17- 200937714 成於陰極導電層7a (陰極電極部71)之外周，而預先將 陽極密封框8b黏接或形成於陽極導電層7b (陽極電極部 73)之外周。因經由陰極密封框8a及陽極密封框8b而規 定起電部20之周圍之故，對於陽極集電體7a及陰極集電 體7b之起電部20的位置決定則變爲容易。 接著，表示針對在實施形態之集電體組件7A的各部 尺寸之一例。 6mm 1.2mm 6mm 1.2mm ❹ 1) 陰極電極部之寬度W1 ; 2) 陰極電極部間絕緣密封部的寬度W2; 3) 陽極電極部之寬度W3 ; 4) 陽極電極部間絕緣密封部的寬度W4; 5) 做爲平面展開時之兩電極部間之離間距離W5; 2.8mm 6 )電極間導電構件之寬度W6 ; 1.2mm 7)從電極間導電構件至電極部之最短距離LI ; 〇.4mm 8 )孑L dl、d2 之口 徑； φ4ηιιη 在本實施形態之中，係因可小型地製作多串連連接之 Q 陰極集電體7a及陽極集電體7b，故爲了使攜帶機器動作 而可得到充分高的輸出特性。 接著，對於可適用本發明之各種燃料供給方式之燃料 電池，參照圖6至圖8各加以說明。然而，對於與圖1至 圖5相同的構成係使用相同之圖號。 首先，圖6所示方式之燃料電池1A係具備單元構造 體20 ’和供給燃料至單元構造體20之燃料分配機構1 1， 和連接此等燃料分配機構11與燃料供給源50之流路51， -18- 200937714 和從連接於流路5 1之燃料供給源5 0供給液體燃料於燃料 分配機構11之幫浦31。 單元構造體20係具有複數之單位元件，複數之單位 元件乃排列配置於略同一平面上，加以串聯連接。各單位 元件係具備：備有由陽極觸媒層3及陽極氣體擴散層5所 成之陽極（燃料極），和陰極觸媒層2及陰極氣體擴散層 4所成之陰極（空氣極/氧化劑極），和夾持於陽極觸媒層 Q 3與陰極觸媒層2之間的質子傳導性的電解質膜6之膜電 極接合體10，和陽極導電層7b與陰極導電層7a。其膜電 極接合體10係成爲於電解質膜6之一方的面，並聯配置 矩形狀之陰極，於與電解質膜6之另一方的面之陰極對向 處，並聯配置複數之矩形之陽極的構成。 作爲含於陽極觸媒層3及陰極觸媒層2之觸媒，係可 舉出例如Pt、Ru、Rh、Ir、Os、Pd等之白金族元素的單 體、含有白金族元素之合金等。對於陽極觸媒層3，係理 Ο 想則採用對於甲醇或一氧化碳等而言，具有強耐性之pt-Ru或Pt-Mo等者。對於陰極觸媒層2，係理想則採用Pt 或Pt_Ni等者。但觸媒並不限定於此等之構成，而可使用 具有觸媒活性之各種的物質者。觸媒係亦可爲使用如碳素 材料之導電性載持體的載持體觸媒，或無載持體觸媒之任 電解質膜6乃爲了將在陽極觸媒層3產生之質子，輸 送至陰極觸媒層者，未具有電子傳導性，而經由可輸送質 子之材料所構成。可舉出如具有磺酸基之氟素樹脂（例如 -19- 200937714 ，全氟黃酸聚合體），具有磺酸基之碳化氫系樹脂’鎢酸 或磷鎢酸等。具體而言乃經由DuPont公司製之Nafion ( 登錄商標或旭硝子公司製之Flemion (登錄商標）等所構 成。然而，除了聚全氟磺酸系之樹脂膜之外，亦可作爲構 成可輸送三氟苯乙烯衍生物之共聚合膜、含浸磷酸之聚并 咪唑膜，芳香族聚醚酮磺酸膜，或脂肪族碳化氫樹脂膜等 質子之電解質膜6。但，質子傳導性之電解質膜6並不限 定於此等之構成。 陰極氣體擴散層4乃層積於陰極觸媒層2上面側，且 陽極氣體擴散層5乃層積於陽極觸媒層3之下面側。陰極 氣體擴散層4乃擔負均一地供給氧化劑於陰極觸媒層2之 作用者，但亦兼具陰極觸媒層2之集電體。另一方面，陽 極氣體擴散層5乃擔負均一地供給燃料於陽極觸媒層3之 作用同時，亦兼具陽極觸媒層3之集電體。陰極集電體7a 及陽極集電體7b係各自與陰極氣體擴散層4及陽極氣體 擴散層5電性地接觸。 在本實施型態之中，由將集電體組件7A做爲二折構 造者而構成單元構造體20。構成集電體組件之陰極導電層 7a及陽極集電體7b係由對於不銹鋼鍍金之複合材所形成 ，配置於共通之絕緣薄膜70上。作爲配置方法，可使用 採用黏接劑之方法，使液狀的橡膠硫化而交聯之方法，將 液狀的橡膠，以放射線照射而交聯之方法。在將共通之絕 緣薄膜70作爲二折，即將集電體組件做爲二折之間，收 容膜電極接合體10。即，呈於層積於陰極觸媒層2之陰極 -20- 200937714 氣體擴散層4，電性接觸陰極集電體7a，層積於陽極觸媒 層3之陽極氣體擴散層5乃電性地接觸於陽極集電體7b 地’經由作爲二折之集電體組件，膜電極接合體1 0係夾 入兩面。並且’對於絕緣薄膜70之陽極側，係圍繞陽極 集電體7b而配置密封電解質6與絕緣薄膜70間之陽極密 封框8b。另外’對於絕緣薄膜70之陰極側，係由圍繞陰 極集電體7a而配置密封電解質6與絕緣薄膜70間之陰極 ^ 密封框8a而構成單元構造體2〇。 對於陰極集電體7a及陽極集電體7b，係各穿設有爲 了供給空氣於陰極觸媒層2之複數的空氣流通孔18及爲 了供給燃料於陽極觸媒層3之複數的燃料供給孔18»更且 ’對於共通之絕緣薄膜70亦穿設有同樣的流通孔18。 此等密封框8a ’ 8b係由體積固有阻抗爲1011〜1〇15Ω • em之橡膠系材料所成，經由此等密封構件，防止來自 膜電極接合體10之燃料洩漏或氧化劑洩漏。 © 單元構造體2〇及燃料分配機構11乃經由外裝蓋（未 圖示）加以一體化’對於外裝蓋與陰極之間，係以任意設 置保溼板或表面層（未圖示）。對於燃料收容部5〇係收 容對應於單位構造體20之液體燃料。作爲液體燃料係可 舉出各種濃度之甲醇水溶液或純甲醇等之甲醇燃料。液體 燃料係未必侷限於甲醇燃料之構成。液體燃料係亦可爲例 如’乙醇水溶液或純乙醇等之乙醇燃料，丙醇水溶液或純 丙醇等之丙醇燃料，乙二醇水溶液或純乙二醇等之乙二醇 燃料，二甲醚，蟻酸，其他的液體燃料。無論如何，均收 -21 - 200937714 容對應於燃料電池之液體燃料。 對於單元構造體20之陽極（燃料極）係設置有燃料 分配機構11。燃料分配機構11係經由管狀的流路51而連 接於燃料供給源50。對於燃料分配機構n，係從燃料供 給源50，藉由流路51而導入液體燃料。流路51係並不限 於與燃料分配機構11或燃料供給源50獨立之配管的構成 。例如’層積燃料分配機構11與燃料供給源50而作爲— 體化之情況，亦可爲連繫此等之液體燃料的流路。燃料分 配機構U係如藉由流路5 1而與燃料供給源5 〇連接即可 〇 對於連繫燃料供給源50與燃料分配機構11之流路51 之間係插入幫浦31。即，幫浦31並非爲使燃料循環之幫 浦’徹底來說爲從燃料收容部50，將燃料輸液至燃料分配 部41的燃料供給幫浦。經由以如此之幫浦41在必要時輸 送燃料者’可提昇燃料供給量的控制性。 在圖6所示之燃料電池1A，從燃料分配機構11供給 至單元構造體20之燃料乃使用於發電反應，之後未進行 循環而返回至燃料收容部50者。圖6所示之燃料電池1A 係從未循環燃料之情況，與以往之主動方式不同者，並非 損及裝置之小型化等構成。另外，對於液體燃料的供給， 使用幫浦31，亦與如以往之內部氣化型之純被動方式不同 之故’圖6所示之燃料電池1A係例如適用稱作半被動型 之方式者。 幫浦31之種類係並非特別限定之構成，但從控制性 -22- 200937714 佳而可輸送少量之液體燃料情況，更加地可小型輕量化之 觀點，理想爲使用旋轉葉片幫浦，電性浸透流幫浦，隔片 幫浦，汲取幫浦等者。旋轉葉片幫浦係爲以馬達使葉片旋 轉而進行輸送的構成。電性浸透流幫浦係爲使用引起電性 浸透流現象之二氧化矽等之燒結多孔體之構成。隔片幫浦 係爲經由電磁石或壓電陶瓷而驅動隔片進行輸送的構成。 汲取幫浦係壓迫具有柔軟性之燃料流路的一部分，汲取燃 q 料而進行輸送的構成。而在此之中，從驅動電力或尺寸等 之觀點，更理想爲使用電性浸透流幫浦或具有壓電磁石之 隔片幫浦者。 幫浦31之輸液量係從燃料電池1A之主要對象物爲小 型電子機器之情況’例如作爲lOpL/分〜lmL/分之範圍爲 佳。當輸液量乃超過ImL/分時，一次所輸送的液體燃料 的量則過多’佔全運轉期間的幫浦31之停止時間則變長 。因此’對於單元構造體20之燃料的供給量的變動則變 G 大，作爲其結果’輸出的變動則變大。亦可將防止此之容 器設置於幫浦3 1與燃料分配部丨i之間，但即使適用如此 之構成，亦無法充分地控制燃料供給量的變動，更且招致 裝置尺寸之大型化等。 另一方面’當幫浦31之輸液量未達10μί/分時，如裝 置啓動時燃料的消耗量增加時，有招致供給能力不足之虞 。由此’燃料電池31之啓動特性等則下降。從如此的點 ’使用具有ΙΟμυ分〜lmL/分之範圍的輸液能力之幫浦31 爲佳。幫浦31之輸液量乃作爲1〇〜2〇〇μί/分之範圍更隹 -23- 200937714 。即使在安定實現如此輸液量上，對於幫浦31係亦適用 電性浸透流幫浦或隔片幫浦者。 在圖6所示之燃料電池1A，必要時使幫浦3 1動作， 從燃料收容部50供給液體燃料至燃料分配機構u。導入 至燃料分配機構11之液體燃料係與前述之實施型態相同 ，各自引導至複數之燃料供給口 14。並且，從複數之燃料 供給口 14，對於單元構造體20之全面而言，供給燃料而 生起發電反應。如此，即使在以幫浦31從燃料收容部50 至燃料分配機構11輸送液體燃料之情況，燃料分配機構 11係亦有效地發揮機能之故，可將對於單元構造體20之 燃料供給量作爲均一化者。 燃料分配機構11係如圖7所示，具有液體燃料藉由 流路51而流入之至少1個之燃料注入口 12，和排出液體 燃料或其氣化成分之複數個燃料供給口 14。 對於燃料分配機構1 1之內部，係形成有作爲液體燃 料之通路而發揮機能之液體儲留池41。對於液體儲留池 41之一端（始端部）係設置有燃料注入口 12。液體儲留 池41係在途中複數地分歧，於此等分歧之液體儲留池41 之各終端部，各設置燃料供給口 14。液體儲留池41乃例 如內徑爲〇 _ 05〜5mm之貫通孔爲佳。 從燃料注入口 12導入至燃料分配機構11之液體燃料 ’係藉由複數地分歧之液體儲留池41，各自引導至複數之 燃料供給口 14。經由使用如此構造之燃料分配機構11之 時’可將從燃料注入口 12導入至燃料分配機構11之液體 -24- 200937714 燃料’不拘方向或位置而均等地分配至複數之燃料供給口 14者。隨之’成爲更可提昇在單元構造體2〇之面內的發 電反應之均一性者。燃料供給口 14係呈可供給燃料於單 元構造體20之全體地，複數設置於與流路板13之陽極接 合的面。燃料供給口 14之個數係如爲2個以上即可，但 在均一化針對在單元構造體20之面內的燃料供給量上， 呈存在有0.1〜10個/cm2之燃料供給口 14地形成爲佳。 〇 更且’經由在液體儲留池41連接燃料注入口 12與複 數之燃料供給口 1 4之時，可作爲經由燃料電池1之特定 處可供給多的燃料之設計。例如，從裝置裝置上的狀態， 燃料電池1 A之一半的部位之放熱變佳之情況，在以往產 生溫度分布，無法規避平均輸出之下降。對此，經由調整 液體儲留池41之形成圖案，預先於放熱佳的部份，緊密 地配置燃料供給口 14之時，可增加伴隨在其部分之發電 的發熱。由此，可均一化面內之發電程度，控制輸出下降 〇 者。 在上述之實施型態，將液體燃料，從燃料收容部50 供給至燃料分配機構1 1之機構係並非特別加以限定之構 成°例如，對於固定使用時之設置場所之情況，係可利用 重力使液體燃料從燃料收容部50下降輸送至燃料分配機 構11者。另外，經由使用塡充多孔體等之流路51之時， 可以毛細管現象從燃料收容部50輸液至燃料分配機構11 者。 從燃料分配機構1 1所釋放之燃料係如上述，供給至 -25- 200937714 單元構造體20之陽極（燃料極）。在單元構造體20內， 燃料係擴散在陽極氣體擴散層5，供給至陽極觸媒層3。 作爲液體燃料而使用甲醇燃料之情況，在陽極觸媒層3產 生下式（1)所示之甲醇的內部改質反應。然而，對於作 爲甲醇燃料而使用純甲醇之情況，使在陰極觸媒層2生成 的水或電解質膜6中的水，與甲醇進行反應而使下式（1 )之內部改質反應生起。或者，經由未需要水之其他的反 應機構，產生內部改質反應。 CH30H + H20一 C02 + 6H + + 6e·…（1) 由此反應所生成之電子（e_ )係經由集電體而引導至 外部，所謂在做爲電性而使攜帶用電子機器等進行動作後 ，引導至陰極（空氣極）。另外，在（1)式之內部改質 反應所生成之質子（H+)係經由電解質膜6而引導至陰極 。對於陰極係做爲氧化劑而供給空氣。到達至陰極之電子 (e_)與質子（H+)係在陰極觸媒層2，與空氣中的氧氣 ，伴隨下式（2)反應，伴隨其反應而生成水。 6e* + 6H + + ( 3/2 ) 02— 3 H20··· ( 2) 針對在上述之燃料電池之發電反應，對於爲了使進行 發電之電力增加，係圓滑地進行觸媒反應之同時，使單元 構造體20之電極全體，更有效地貢獻於發電之情況則成 -26- 200937714 爲重要。對於如此情況而言’對於單元構造體20而言， 供給燃料之燃料供給口 1 4爲1處所之情況，燃料排出口 近旁之燃料濃度係雖對於發電成爲充分之濃度，但隨著從 燃料排出口 14離開，燃料濃度則急速下降。因此，以燃 料電池全體而視之情況的平均輸出係受到燃料之供給少之 部分的影響而停留在低的値。 燃料供給用（輸易用）之幫浦31的控制係參照燃料 0 電池1A之輸出而進行爲佳。料電池ία之輸出係由控制 電路（未圖示）所檢測出，並依據其檢測結果而傳送控制 信號於幫浦3 1。幫浦3 1係依據從控制電路所傳送的控制 信號’控制開啓/關閉。幫浦3 1的動作係加上於料電池1 a 之輸出，由依據溫度資訊或電力供給處之電子機器的運轉 狀態資訊等而控制者，可達成更安定之運轉。 更且，爲了提昇作爲燃料電池之安定性或信賴性，亦 可與幫浦31串聯地配置燃料遮斷閥（未圖示）。 〇 如此，經由於燃料收容部50與燃料分配機構11之間 插入燃料遮斷閥之時，對於燃料電池1A之未使用時，亦 可迴避在不可避性地產生之微量的燃料消耗，或上述之幫 浦再運轉時之吸入不良等。此等係對於燃料電池1之實用 上的便利性提昇有大貢獻之構成。 更且，於燃料收容部50或流路51，亦可裝置使燃料 收容部50內之壓力，與外氣平衡之平衡閥（未圖示）。 當從燃料收容部50供給液體燃料於燃料分配機構11 ，燃料收容部50之內壓成爲減壓狀態時，平衡閥乃加以 -27- 200937714 開放。依據其平衡閥之開放狀態，外氣乃呈減少內外壓力 差地加以導入。當解除內外之壓力差時，再次加以密閉閥 〇 經由將如此動作之平衡閥，設置於燃料收容部50等 之時，可控制因伴隨液體燃料之供給而產生之燃料收容部 50的內壓下降引起之輸液量的變動者。 上述之各實施形態之液體燃料49係在使用各種之液 體燃料之情況，發揮效果，並非爲限定液體燃料之種類或 濃度之構成。但具有複數之燃料供給口 14的燃料分配機 構1 1之特徵則做爲更顯現化之情況係燃料濃度爲濃之情 況。因此，各實施形態之燃料電池49係在將濃度爲80% 以上之甲醇作爲液體燃料而使用之情況，可特別發揮其性 能或效果，隨之，各實施形態係理想爲適用於將濃度爲 8 0%以上之甲醇作爲液體燃料而使用之燃料電池者。 以上，舉出各種實施形態而進行說明，但本發明並非 只局限於上述各實施型態者，而在實施型態中，在不脫離 其技術思想的範圍，可將構成要素進行變形而作具體化者 。另外’經由揭示於上述實施型態之複數之構成要素的適 宜組合’可形成各種發明。例如，亦可從上述實施型態所 示之全構成要素消除幾個構成要素。更且，亦可適當組合 跨越不同實施型態之構成要素。例如，針對在供給於MEA 之液體燃料的蒸氣，亦可所有供給液體燃料之蒸氣，但一 部分乃以液體狀態所供給之情況，亦可適用本發明者。另 外’在其半被動型之燃料電池中，如爲從燃料收容室進行 -28- 200937714 對於膜電極接合體之燃料供給的構成，亦可作爲取代幫浦 而配置燃料遮斷閥之構成者。對於此情況，燃料遮斷閥乃 爲了控制經由流路之液體燃料的供給所設置之構成。 明 說 以 加 例 施 實 之 明 發 本 於 J]對 例’ 桓 rl著 [*接 > )作 1製 例之 施極 實陽 (< 於陽極用觸媒粒子（Pt: Pu=l : 1 )載持碳黑，全氟 磺酸溶液與水及甲氧基丙醇，並使前述觸媒載持碳黑分散 而調製塗漿。經由將所得到之塗漿，塗佈於做爲陽極氣體 擴散層5之多孔質碳紙之時，製做具有厚度爲450μιη之陽 極觸媒層3之陽極。 <陰極之製作> 於陽極用觸媒粒子（Pt: Pu=l : 1 )載持碳黑，全氟 磺酸溶液與水及甲氧基丙醇，並使前述觸媒載持碳黑分散 而調製塗漿。經由將所得到之塗漿，塗佈於做爲陰極氣體 擴散層4之多孔質碳紙之時，製做具有厚度爲400μιη之陰 極觸媒層2之陽極。 於陽極用觸媒3與陰極觸媒層2之間，配置作爲質子 傳導性電解質膜，厚度爲30μπι，含水率爲10〜20重量％之 全氟磺酸膜6(Nafion、DuPont公司製），經由對於此等 -29 - 200937714 施以熱壓者，得到膜電極接合體（MEA) 10 。 <集電體組件之製作> 如以上述實施形態，各自製作集電體組件。經由將兩 極之集電體圖案與陰極絕緣密封框8a，陽極絕緣密封框 8b，在共用絕緣薄膜70之上方做爲一體化之時，決定各 位置，可大幅削減單元構造體之製作時間。另外，呈在彎 曲時決定位置地，於絕緣密封框之外周，設置位置決定用 的銷。 經由從如此作爲者，可大幅地製作單元構造體之製作 時間，可降低電阻5 0m Ω者，而可提昇輸出特性者。 然而，對於未具有位置決定複數之陰極電極部之陰極 絕緣密封框及位置決定複數之陽極電極部之陽極絕緣密封 框的情況，係有著各電極部之位置未決定而並非特定的電 極，對於其他的電極而言，接觸導電層之情況。另外，密 封材亦於導電層之存在的部分，容易加上經由外裝蓋及燃 料收容室構造體之壓力，有著從未存在導電層之部分的燃 料洩漏之可能性。但，經由組合本發明之陽極絕緣密封框 8b，陰極絕緣密封框8a，陽極集電體7b，陰極集電體7a 之構造，可消解上述之問題者。 如根據本發明，經由作爲將陽極集電體，在與和陽極 接觸的面相反的面，配置於絕緣薄膜上，圍繞前述陽極集 電體，密封電解質膜與前述絕緣薄膜間之構造者，在膜電 極接合體’燃料乃未從陽極側繞回至陰極側，可簡素化針 -30- 200937714 對在使複數之單位元件平面配置之燃料電池的配線處理， 可貢獻於燃料電池之小型化。因此，可使在燃料電池之發 電部之體積能量-密度提昇，爲了使行動電話，行動播放 器，攜帶遊戲機，筆記型電腦等之無線攜帶機器動作，而 可充分地得到高輸出特性者。 另外，在本發明中，因將陽極集電體，在與和陽極接 觸的面相反的面，配置於絕緣薄膜上，將圍繞前述陽極集 Φ 電體，密封電解質膜與前述絕緣薄膜間之集電體，配置於 絕緣薄膜上而固定之故，集電體與起電部的位置配合則變 爲容易，可提供在組裝精確度高之燃料電池。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1乃顯示關於本發明之實施形態之燃料電池的內部 透視剖面圖。 圖2乃爲了說明圖1之燃料電池之要部的製作方法的 φ 分解剖面圖。 圖3乃顯示圖1之燃料電池之要部的剖面圖。 圖4乃顯示兩折前之集電體組合的平面圖。 圖5乃顯示兩折之集電體組合的斜視圖。 圖6乃顯示其他之燃料供給方式之燃料電池系統之方 塊剖面圖。 圖7乃顯示燃料分配機構之槪要的斜視圖。 圖8乃其他之燃料分配機構之槪要的平面圖。 -31 - 200937714 【主要元件符號說明】 1 :燃料電池 2 :陰極觸媒層 3 :陽極觸媒層 4 :陰極氣體擴散層 5 :陽極氣體擴散層 6 :電解質膜 7a :陰極集電體 7b :陽極集電體 9 :氣液分離膜 10 :膜電極接合體 1 1 :燃料分配機構 1 2 :燃料注入口 1 3 :燃料分配板 1 4 :燃料供給口 1 8 :燃料供給孔 1 9 :保濕板 21 :外裝蓋 22 :通氣孔 20 :單元構造體 2 1 a :外裝蓋之端部 31 :幫浦 3 3 :燃料遮斷閥 40 :液體儲留池 -32- 200937714 50 :燃料供給源 51 :流路 60 :平衡閥 7 1 :陰極電極 7 3 :陽極電極 8a :陰極絕緣性密封框 8b :陽極絕緣性密封框200937714 IX. Description of the Invention [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a fuel cell that is effective for carrying an electronic device. [Prior Art] In recent years, various electronic devices such as electric notebook computers, such as mobile phones, have been miniaturized at the same time as the development of semiconductor technology, and attempts have been made to use fuel cells for power supplies for such small devices. The fuel cell is capable of generating electricity by supplying fuel and oxidant, and has the advantage of continuously generating and exchanging fuel to continuously generate electricity. Therefore, it can be said that it can be used as a system that is extremely advantageous for carrying an electronic device. In particular, the Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC) is a small-sized product that uses methanol with a high energy density and can take current directly from the catalyst on the electrode catalyst. The treatment from the fuel G is also easier than hydrogen gas. It is expected to be a power source for small machines, and it is expected to be the best power source for wireless portable devices such as notebook computers, mobile phones, portable players, and game consoles. Practical. As a fuel supply method of the DMFC, it is known that a gas supply type DMFC that is supplied to a fuel cell after vaporizing the liquid fuel in a blower box or the like, and a liquid fuel is directly fed to the fuel cell by a pump or the like. The internal liquidification type DMFC in which the liquid fuel is internally vaporized, and the internal vaporization type DMFC in which the liquid fuel is supplied, for example, is disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 3413111. In the internal gasification type DMFC, 200937714, the gasification component of the liquid fuel held in the fuel permeation layer is diffused in the fuel vaporization layer (anode gas diffusion layer), and the diffused vaporized fuel is supplied to The anode catalyst layer reacts with the oxidant from the side of the cathode catalyst layer to generate electricity in the electrolyte membrane. Further, a small-sized fuel cell which is mainly used as a mobile device, and a passive fuel cell which does not use an active transfer means such as a fuel pump for supplying liquid fuel to the anode is described in International Publication No. WO2006/057283. In the fuel cell for such a mobile machine, in order to achieve miniaturization, pure methanol is required as a fuel. In a passive fuel cell, a membrane electrode assembly (MEA: Membrane Electrode Assembly) is formed by bonding an anode to one surface of an electrolyte membrane and a cathode electrode (MEA: Membrane Electrode Assembly) on the other surface, and a fuel supply is disposed on the anode side of the MEA. The mechanism configures an air supply mechanism for the cathode side. The anode is composed of an anode catalyst layer and an anode gas diffusion layer. For the opposite side of the anode catalyst layer of the anode gas diffusion layer, an anode current collector is laminated, and the anode is electrically connected to an external circuit. Similarly, the cathode is composed of a cathode catalyst layer and a cathode gas diffusion layer. On the opposite side of the cathode catalyst layer of the cathode gas diffusion layer, a cathode current collector is laminated, and the cathode is electrically connected to an external circuit. In particular, in a fuel cell using a liquid fuel such as methanol as a fuel, the liquid fuel passes through the interface between the anode current collector and the anode, leaks out of the outer peripheral side of the anode, and does not permeate the electrolyte membrane and wrap around the cathode side. possibility. When this fuel is caused to wrap around from the anode to the cathode, the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell is lowered. In particular, in the fuel cell for the portable electronic device -6 - 200937714, miniaturization is an important setting point, so that an increase in size is not required, and the sealing structure of the above interface can be reliably sealed. Development. However, in the conventional fuel cell, it is difficult to sufficiently obtain high output characteristics in order to operate the portable electronic device. In the conventional fuel cell, as a liquid fuel, for example, an aqueous methanol solution in which methanol and water are mixed at a molar ratio of 1:1 is used, and both methanol and water are supplied to the anode and the anode, but compared with water. In methanol, the vapor pressure is low, and the vaporization rate of water is slower than the vaporization rate of methanol. Whether it is methanol or water, when it is supplied to the anode via vaporization, the water is supplied to the methanol. The relative supply is insufficient, and as a result, the reaction resistance of the reaction in which methanol is internally modified is increased. In addition, the DMFC is low because the operating voltage per unit element is low. 3~0. At 5V level, it is necessary to assemble a plurality of unit components in series and to assemble them in a machine. In particular, when it is assembled in a small portable device such as a notebook computer, a mobile phone, a portable player, or a portable game machine, It is necessary to arrange a plurality of unit elements on the same plane. Further, in the DMFC, when the internal seal is incomplete, the proportion of the fuel that is reacted is reduced, and the fuel utilization efficiency is lowered, so that the performance of the fuel cell is lowered. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and an object of the invention is to provide a fuel cell of the 200937714 fuel cell which can obtain sufficiently high output characteristics in order to operate the portable device. A fuel cell according to the present invention includes: an electrification portion having a membrane electrode assembly having a cathode and an anode, and an electrolyte membrane interposed between the cathode and the anode; and having electrical contact with the cathode a cathode current collector on the opposite side of the electrolyte membrane side and an anode current collector electrically contacting the side opposite to the electrolyte membrane side of the anode, the anode current collector being opposite to a surface in contact with the anode And disposed on the insulating film to seal the anode sealing frame between the electrolyte membrane and the insulating film around the anode current collector. [Embodiment] The fuel cell of the present invention is provided with a cathode current collector having electrical contact with the opposite side of the electrolyte membrane side of the cathode, and an anode current collector electrically contacting the side opposite to the electrolyte membrane side of the anode. The anode current collector is disposed on the insulating film on a surface opposite to the surface in contact with the anode, and seals the anode sealing frame between the electrolyte membrane and the insulating film around the anode current collector, so that the membrane electrode is The joint body, the anode seal frame is effective to prevent the fuel from wraping back from the anode side to the cathode side. Therefore, the fuel can be effectively utilized, and the volumetric energy density of the electrification portion is increased, and the output efficiency is increased. In the present invention, the anode current collecting system is disposed on the insulating film on the surface opposite to the surface in contact with the cathode, and preferably has a cathode frame surrounding the cathode current collector and sealing the cathode and the insulating film. By adding to the anode sealing frame and mounting the cathode sealing frame, not only the anode side but also the cathode side is sealed, so that it is a double sealing structure, and it becomes -8-200937714 to prevent the fuel L from being wound back more effectively. The electrode assembly is outside the circumference. In this case, it is preferable that the anode current collector and the cathode current collector are disposed above the common insulating film. By using such a common insulating film, the common insulating film is folded into two folds, and the electrification portion is sandwiched between the folded insulating films to form a unitized current collector combination. Such a two-fold structure is described in the above-mentioned International Publication No. WO200 6/0 5 72 8 3 , and has a number of components and engineering, and the collector pattern of the two poles and the electrification part of the membrane electrode assembly including the membrane electrode. Position matching becomes an advantage. In the case of producing a current collector assembly having a two-fold structure, the anode electrode may be further connected between the anode current collector and the cathode current collector, and the anode electrode may be connected in series to the electrode-to-electrode conductive member of the cathode electrode. In this case, the distance Δ from the cathode electrode to the anode electrode in the plane before the electrode-to-electrode between the electrodes is taken as the case of W5, from the cathode gas diffusion layer containing the membrane electrode assembly to the anode gas diffusion layer. In terms of thickness t, it satisfies 1. The relationship between 5t$ W5S4t is better. For the case where the anode electrode and the cathode electrode are made of a metal plate, the distance W2 is less than the thickness t1. When the thickness is 5 times, it is difficult to bend by 180 degrees according to the sufficient radius of curvature. It is assumed that the curved portion is deformed by an acute angle and is plastically hardened, and the bent portion is easily brittle and damaged. On the other hand, when the distance W5 is more than four times the thickness t, the distance between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode becomes excessively large, which increases the size of the fuel cell. In this case, the thickness t' from the cathode diffusion layer containing the membrane electrode assembly to the anode diffusion layer is set to 600 to 900 μm, and the distance W5 is taken as 0. 75~3. 6mm is better. In the case where the anode electrode and the cathode electrode are formed of a metal plate, the thickness tl of the electrode is preferably 50 μm to 2 0 0 μm. When the thickness of the electrode is 50 μm or less, the required strength is insufficient and it is easily broken. On the other hand, when the electrode thickness t1 exceeds 200 μm, the rigidity increases, and the force required for bending becomes excessively large, and becomes difficult to bend. In addition, the distance W5 is less than 0. At 75 mm, the force required for bending becomes too large, and it becomes difficult to bend, and the bent portion becomes an acute angle and is easily broken. On the other hand, the distance W5 is more than 3. At 6 mm, the distance between the anode current collector and the cathode current collector from the opposite side becomes too large, resulting in an increase in the size of the fuel cell. However, the cathode current collector and the anode current collector may be, for example, a porous film (for example, mesh) or a foil formed of a metal material such as gold or nickel, or conductive for stainless steel (SUS) or the like. A metal material, a composite of a good conductive metal such as gold. Further, the mutual spacing W2 of the cathode electrodes and the interval W4 between the anode electrodes are each 0. 3mm or more 1. Those below 5mm are preferred. When the electrode portions are spaced apart from each other by W2, W4 does not reach 0. At 3 mm, there is a short circuit due to the insulation properties of the insulating and sealing portions between the electrodes. On the other hand, when the electrode portions are spaced apart from each other by W2, W4 exceeds 1. At 5 mm, the fuel cell is large, and it is not suitable as a power source for carrying an electronic device. In order to extract the electrons generated in the electrodes from the conductive portion of the external circuit, the cross-sectional area is increased and the impedance is lowered. However, when the thickness of the conductive portion is increased and the cross-sectional area is increased, the bending is changed. For the sake of difficulty, when the width of the conductive portion is widened, the possibility of contact with other terminals becomes large. -10-200937714, the thickness of the conductive portion is preferably 50 μm to 2 () 0 μηη, and the width of the conductive member between the electrodes is good. W6 is like the distance from other terminals as 〇. More than 4mm, the width can be bent. Further, it is preferable that the width W1 of the cathode electrode and the width W3 of the anode electrode are each 1 mm or more. However, the width of each electrode portion means the width in the direction in which the electrodes are arranged on the plane, and the length in the short direction is the case where the electrodes are slightly rectangular. For the case where the electrode is slightly longer © square, the ratio of the length direction to the short direction (aspect ratio) is preferably 10 or less. Hereinafter, various embodiments for carrying out the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Next, a method of manufacturing the organic electroluminescence display device of the present embodiment will be described with reference to Figs. 1 to 5 . The entire fuel cell 1 is covered by an exterior cover (cover) 21, a fuel distribution mechanism 11, and the like, and has a plurality of unit elements therein. The plurality of unit elements are arranged substantially in the same plane on the same plane, and the cathode current collector 7a, the anode current collector 7b, and the terminals 77'78 connected to the respective current collectors are not shown. The wire harnesses are connected in series. The cathode current collector 7a is disposed on the insulating film 70 on the surface opposite to the surface in contact with the cathode gas diffusion layer 4, and the anode current collector 7b is on the surface opposite to the surface contacting the anode gas diffusion layer 5. It is disposed on the insulating film 70. The fuel cell 1 is configured by, for example, caulking the end portion 21 a of the exterior cover 21 to the outside of the fuel distribution mechanism 11 as a unit in which a plurality of unit elements are integrated. Further, it is preferable to integrate the cover 211 - 200937714 cover 21 and the fuel distribution mechanism 11, for example, a screw and a screw (not shown). The unit element in the fuel cell 1 is hermetically sealed on the outer periphery thereof via the cathode sealing frame 8a and the anode sealing frame 8b. The cathode sealing frame 8a and the anode sealing frame 8b are desirably made of a rubber-based material having a volume resistivity of 1011 to 1 〇 15 Ω · cm or less for a fuel permeation amount of 9 x 1 〇 7 g / m 3 · 24 hr · atm or less. By. When the amount of transmission is excessive, the amount of fuel to be charged is reduced, and the performance of the fuel cell is lowered. When the sheet resistance is low, the insulation is broken and a short circuit is likely to occur. For the rubber-based material, EPDM (ethylene propylene rubber), fluorine rubber, lanthanum rubber or the like can be used. A plurality of fuel supply holes 18 are formed in the anode current collector 7b, and are supplied from the fuel distribution mechanism 11 and the fuel component passage holes 18 to the anode gas diffusion layer 5 and the anode catalyst layer 3. For example, a gas-liquid separation film 9 is provided between the anode current collector 7b and the fuel distribution mechanism 1 1. The peripheral portion of the gas-liquid separation membrane 9 is sandwiched between the flange insulating films 70 of the fuel distribution mechanism 11. The gas-liquid separation membrane 9 is made of a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) sheet having porous pores, and has a property of blocking the liquid component of the liquid fuel and allowing the gas component to permeate. The liquid storage tank 40 is formed by a gap defining a specific capacity around the fuel distribution mechanism 11, and a fuel inlet (not shown) is opened in a suitable space (for example, a side surface of the fuel distribution mechanism 11). A liquid fuel impregnated layer (not shown) is provided inside the liquid storage tank 40. The liquid fuel immersion layer is configured for the case where the liquid fuel in the liquid storage tank 40 is reduced, or the fuel cell body is inclined, and the fuel supply is unbalanced in the case of -12-200937714, and the fuel can be equally supplied to the gas-liquid separation membrane. 9. As a result, for the anode catalyst layer 3, the vaporized liquid fuel can be supplied in a balanced manner. The liquid fuel-impregnated layer is preferably a porous fiber such as a porous polyester fiber or a porous olefin resin, and a continuous cell porous resin. In addition to the polyester fiber, it may be composed of various water-absorbent polymers such as an acrylic resin, and may be composed of a material capable of retaining a liquid by a liquid impregnation property such as a sponge or an aggregate of fibers. Such a φ liquid fuel impregnation portion is effective for supplying an appropriate amount of liquid fuel regardless of the posture of the main body. The cathode current collector 7a is provided with a plurality of fuel supply holes 18, and the air introduced from the vent holes 22 is supplied to the cathode gas diffusion layer 4 and the anode catalyst layer 2 through the holes 18 through the moisturizing plate 19. . However, it is preferable that the central axis of the gas circulation hole 18 is disposed slightly in correspondence with the central axis of the ventilation hole 22 formed in the exterior cover 21. The outer cover 21 is formed by a metal plate of SUS304 because the laminated body of the unit structure 20 is pressurized and the function of improving the adhesion is completed. The moisturizing sheet 19 achieves the effect of preventing evapotranspiration of the water generated in the cathode catalyst layer 2, and also uniformly promotes the oxidizing agent to the cathode catalyst layer 2 when the oxidizing agent is uniformly introduced through the cathode diffusion layer 4. The role of the diffusion-promoting diffusion layer. For the moisturizing plate 19, a porous film having a porosity of, for example, 20 to 60% is preferably used. The unit cell of the fuel cell constitutes an anode catalyst layer 3, an anode gas diffusion layer 5, and a cathode catalyst layer 2, which are sandwiched between the cathode gas diffusion layer 4, the anode catalyst layer 3, and the cathode catalyst layer 2, respectively. Proton conduction-13- 200937714 The electrolyte electrolyte 6 is used as an integrated membrane electrode assembly. The anode catalyst layer 3 oxidizes the fuel supplied from the anode gas diffusion layer 5, and extracts electrons and protons from the fuel. The anode catalyst layer 3 is formed, for example, via a carbon powder containing a catalyst. For the catalyst system, a transition metal such as platinum (Pt), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), diamond (Co), ruthenium (Ru) or molybdenum (Mo) or an oxide thereof or an alloy thereof is used. Wait for the particles. From the case where the inactivation of the catalyst by adsorption of carbon monoxide (CO) can be prevented, it is desirable to use Pt-Ru which is resistant to methanol or carbon monoxide for the anode catalyst, and it is desirable to use platinum for the cathode catalyst. However, it does not only limit the composition of the catalyst. Further, a carrier catalyst using a conductive carrier such as a carbon material or a carrier-free catalyst may be used. Further, it is more preferable that the anode catalyst layer 3 contains fine particles of the resin used for the electrolyte membrane 6. Because it is easy to carry out the movement of the protons produced. The anode gas diffusion layer 5 is formed, for example, of a film made of a porous carbon material, and specifically, is formed of carbon paper or carbon fiber. The cathode system has a cathode catalyst layer 2 and a cathode gas diffusion layer 4. The cathode catalyst layer 2 is configured to reduce oxygen and react electrons with protons generated in the anode catalyst layer 3 to form water, for example, in the same manner as the above-described anode catalyst layer 3. That is, the cathode system is configured by sequentially stacking a cathode catalyst layer 2 made of a carbon powder containing a catalyst and a cathode gas diffusion layer 4 made of a porous carbon material from the electrolyte membrane 6 side (gas permeation layer). The layer machine construction. The catalyst used in the cathode catalyst layer 2 is the same as the anode catalyst layer 3, and the anode catalyst layer 2 has the same shape as the anode catalyst layer 2 in the case of containing the fine particles of the resin used in the electrolyte membrane 6. -14- 200937714 The electrolyte membrane 6 is formed of a material capable of transporting protons in order to transport protons generated in the anode catalyst layer 3 to the cathode catalyst layer without electron conductivity. For example, a Nafion membrane manufactured by DUPONT Co., Ltd., a Flemion membrane manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd., or an Aciplex membrane manufactured by Asahi Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd., is used. However, in addition to the polyperfluorosulfonic acid-based resin film, it can also be used as a copolymerized film which can transport a trifluorostyrene derivative, a polyphosphoric acid-incorporated 0-imidazole film, and an aromatic polyether ketone sulfonic acid film. Or a proton electrolyte membrane 6 such as an aliphatic hydrocarbon resin membrane. However, the proton conductive electrolyte membrane 6 is not limited to this configuration. The cathode gas diffusion layer 4 is laminated on the cathode catalyst layer 2, and the anode gas diffusion layer 5 is laminated on the lower surface side of the anode catalyst layer 3. The cathode gas diffusion layer 4 is responsible for uniformly supplying an oxidizing agent to the cathode catalyst layer 2, but also has a current collector of the cathode catalyst layer 2. On the other hand, the anode gas diffusion layer 5 serves to uniformly supply the fuel to the anode catalyst layer 3, and also has the current collector of the anode catalyst layer 3. The cathode-pole current collector 7a and the anode current collector 7b are electrically in contact with the cathode gas diffusion layer 4 and the anode gas diffusion layer 5, respectively. A fuel distribution mechanism 11 is provided below the unit structure 20. The main system of the fuel distribution mechanism 11 is a rectangular box having a plurality of fuel supply ports 14 on one side. A liquid fuel such as methanol or an aqueous methanol solution containing liquid is contained in the liquid storage tank 40. Here, the gasification component of the liquid fuel refers to the case where the methanol used as the liquid fuel is referred to as methanol, and the case where the methanol aqueous solution is used as the liquid fuel means the gasification component of methanol and the gas of water. a mixture of ingredients. -15- 200937714 Next, a description will be given of a unit structure of the above fuel cell with reference to Figs. 2 to 5'. In the present embodiment, the current collector assembly 7A is constructed in a two-fold configuration. The cathode conductive layer 7a and the anode conductive layer 7b constituting the current collector assembly 7A are formed of a composite material for stainless steel shovel, and are disposed on the common insulating film 70. As a method of disposing, a method in which a liquid rubber is vulcanized and crosslinked by a method using an adhesive, and a liquid rubber is crosslinked by irradiation with radiation. The membrane electrode assembly 10 is housed between the common insulating film 70 as a two-fold zero, that is, between the current collector modules 7A. That is, the cathode gas diffusion layer 4 laminated on the cathode catalyst layer 2 electrically contacts the cathode current collector 7a, and the anode gas diffusion layer 5 laminated on the anode catalyst layer 3 is electrically contacted with the anode set. In the electric body 7b, the membrane electrode assembly 10 is sandwiched between both sides via the collector assembly 7A which is a two-fold. Further, on the anode side of the insulating film 70, an anode sealing frame 8b between the sealing electrolyte 6 and the insulating film 70 is disposed around the anode current collector 7b. Further, the cathode side of the insulating film 70 is provided around the cathode current collector 7a to seal the cathode sealing frame 8a between the electrolyte 6 and the insulating film 70. The cathode current collector 7a and the anode current collector 7b are each provided with a plurality of air flow holes 18 for supplying air to the cathode catalyst layer 2 and a plurality of fuel supply holes for supplying fuel to the anode catalyst layer 3. 18. Further, the same through hole 18 is also provided for the common insulating film 70. Such a unit structure 20 is produced as follows. First, the cathode conductive layer 7a and the anode conductive layer 7b are formed into a desired pattern by a wet etching method, a dry lithography method, or a press method. As shown in FIG. 4, the current collectors 7a and 7b produced as shown in FIG. 4 have a plurality of parallel cathode side electrodes 71 and a plurality of parallel anode side electrodes 73, and a plurality of interelectrode conductive members 75. And a pair of terminals 77,78. The cathode side electrode 71 and the anode side electrode 73 are formed in a rectangular shape. The two terminals 77, 78 are disposed at the most distant positions of the cathode side electrode 71 and the anode side electrode 73 (the end on one side of the multipole array and the end on the other side). The cathode electrode portion 71 and the anode electrode portion 73, which have no terminals, are connected via the electrode φ inter-section conductive member 75. In other words, when the terminal-free cathode electrode portion 71 and the anode electrode portion 73 are shifted between the electrode portions arranged in one row, they are connected in series via a one-to-one connection between the electrode portion conductive members 75. In order to prevent a short circuit, the shortest distance L1 between the electrode portion conductive members 75 and the electrode portions 71, 73 (Fig. 4) is necessary as a 〇. 4mm or more. However, in the arrangement in which the shortest distance L 1 is excessively large, it is desirable to set the shortest distance L1 to 3. 0mm or less. The anode current collector 7b of the anode current collector 7a is disposed above the common insulating film 70. When in its configuration, a method of vulcanizing and vulcanizing a liquid rubber, or a method of crosslinking a liquid rubber by radiation irradiation, there is an advantage of simultaneously forming a cathode sealing frame 8a or an anode sealing frame 8b. . As a result of providing the cathode sealing frame 8a and the anode sealing frame 8b, 5 in series, the five conductive layers are folded back for the plurality of electrodes as shown in FIG. 5 (the illustration of the sealing frame is omitted). 1 is set at a specific location. However, as shown in FIG. 2, the cathode sealing frame 8a is bonded or formed in the outer periphery of the cathode conductive layer 7a (cathode electrode portion 71) in advance, and the anode sealing frame 8b is bonded or formed in the anode in advance. The conductive layer 7b (anode electrode portion 73) is peripheral. Since the periphery of the electrification portion 20 is defined by the cathode sealing frame 8a and the anode sealing frame 8b, it is easy to determine the position of the electrification portion 20 of the anode current collector 7a and the cathode current collector 7b. Next, an example of the size of each part of the current collector assembly 7A of the embodiment will be described. 6mm 1. 2mm 6mm 1. 2mm ❹ 1) width W1 of the cathode electrode portion; 2) width W2 of the insulating seal portion between the cathode electrode portions; 3) width W3 of the anode electrode portion; 4) width W4 of the insulating seal portion between the anode electrode portions; 5) The distance W2 between the two electrode portions when the plane is unfolded; 8mm 6) the width of the conductive member between the electrodes W6; 2mm 7) The shortest distance LI from the conductive member between the electrodes to the electrode portion; 〇. 4mm 8 ) 口L dl, d2 caliber; φ4ηιιη In the present embodiment, since the Q cathode current collector 7a and the anode current collector 7b which are connected in series are formed in a small size, in order to operate the portable device A sufficiently high output characteristic can be obtained. Next, a fuel cell to which various fuel supply modes of the present invention can be applied will be described with reference to Figs. 6 to 8 . However, the same reference numerals are used for the same configurations as those of Figs. 1 to 5. First, the fuel cell 1A of the embodiment shown in Fig. 6 includes a unit structure 20' and a fuel distribution mechanism 1 1 for supplying fuel to the unit structure 20, and a flow path 51 connecting the fuel distribution mechanism 11 and the fuel supply source 50. -18- 200937714 and a pump 31 for supplying liquid fuel to the fuel distribution mechanism 11 from a fuel supply source 50 connected to the flow path 51. The unit structure 20 has a plurality of unit elements, and the plurality of unit elements are arranged side by side on the same plane and connected in series. Each of the unit elements includes an anode (fuel electrode) formed of the anode catalyst layer 3 and the anode gas diffusion layer 5, and a cathode (air electrode/oxidant) formed by the cathode catalyst layer 2 and the cathode gas diffusion layer 4. The electrode and the membrane electrode assembly 10 of the electrolyte membrane 6 sandwiched between the anode catalyst layer Q 3 and the cathode catalyst layer 2, and the anode conductive layer 7b and the cathode conductive layer 7a. The membrane electrode assembly 10 is formed on one surface of the electrolyte membrane 6, and a rectangular cathode is arranged in parallel, and a plurality of rectangular anodes are arranged in parallel with the cathode of the other surface of the electrolyte membrane 6. Examples of the catalyst contained in the anode catalyst layer 3 and the cathode catalyst layer 2 include a monomer of a platinum group element such as Pt, Ru, Rh, Ir, Os, and Pd, and an alloy containing a platinum group element. . For the anode catalyst layer 3, a pt-Ru or Pt-Mo having high resistance to methanol or carbon monoxide or the like is used. For the cathode catalyst layer 2, Pt or Pt_Ni or the like is preferably used. However, the catalyst is not limited to such a constitution, and various substances having catalytic activity can be used. The catalyst system may be a carrier catalyst using a conductive carrier such as a carbon material, or any electrolyte membrane 6 without a carrier catalyst for transporting protons generated in the anode catalyst layer 3 The cathode catalyst layer is not made of electron conductivity but is made of a material capable of transporting protons. For example, a fluorocarbon resin having a sulfonic acid group (for example, -19-200937714, a perfluoroxanthate polymer), a hydrocarbon resin having a sulfonic acid group, tungstic acid or phosphotungstic acid, or the like can be given. Specifically, it is composed of Nafion (registered trademark or Flemion (registered trademark) manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd., manufactured by DuPont Co., Ltd. However, in addition to the polyperfluorosulfonic acid resin film, it can also be used as a transportable trifluorocarbon. a polymer film of a styrene derivative, a polyimidazole film impregnated with phosphoric acid, an aromatic polyether ketone sulfonic acid film, or an aliphatic hydrocarbon film such as an aliphatic hydrocarbon film. However, the proton conductive electrolyte membrane 6 The cathode gas diffusion layer 4 is laminated on the upper surface side of the cathode catalyst layer 2, and the anode gas diffusion layer 5 is laminated on the lower surface side of the anode catalyst layer 3. The cathode gas diffusion layer 4 is It is responsible for uniformly supplying the oxidant to the cathode catalyst layer 2, but also has the collector of the cathode catalyst layer 2. On the other hand, the anode gas diffusion layer 5 is uniformly supplied with fuel to the anode catalyst layer 3. At the same time, the current collector of the anode catalyst layer 3 is also provided. The cathode current collector 7a and the anode current collector 7b are electrically in contact with the cathode gas diffusion layer 4 and the anode gas diffusion layer 5, respectively. In the form, The current collector assembly 7A is configured as a two-fold structure to constitute the unit structure 20. The cathode conductive layer 7a and the anode current collector 7b constituting the current collector assembly are formed of a composite material for gold-plated stainless steel, and are disposed in common. As the disposing method, a method in which a liquid rubber is vulcanized and crosslinked by a method using an adhesive, and a liquid rubber is crosslinked by radiation irradiation can be used. The film 70 is formed as a two-fold, that is, between the two sets of the current collector assembly, and the membrane electrode assembly 10 is housed. That is, the cathode is laminated on the cathode of the cathode catalyst layer 2 - 200937714 gas diffusion layer 4, electrical In contact with the cathode current collector 7a, the anode gas diffusion layer 5 laminated on the anode catalyst layer 3 is electrically contacted to the anode current collector 7b' via the collector assembly as a two-fold, membrane electrode assembly 10 The two sides are sandwiched, and 'the anode side of the insulating film 70 is disposed around the anode current collector 7b with the anode sealing frame 8b between the sealing electrolyte 6 and the insulating film 70. In addition, for the cathode side of the insulating film 70, Around the cathode set The cathode structure 8a is formed by sealing the cathode sealing frame 8a between the sealing electrolyte 6 and the insulating film 70. The cathode current collector 7a and the anode current collector 7b are provided so as to supply air to the cathode. The plurality of air flow holes 18 of the medium layer 2 and the plurality of fuel supply holes 18» for supplying fuel to the anode catalyst layer 3 are also provided with the same flow holes 18 for the common insulating film 70. These seals The frame 8a' 8b is made of a rubber-based material having a volume specific impedance of 1011 to 1 〇 15 Ω • em, and the fuel leakage or oxidant leakage from the membrane electrode assembly 10 is prevented by the sealing members. © Unit structure 2〇 The fuel distribution mechanism 11 is integrated via an exterior cover (not shown). A moisturizing plate or a surface layer (not shown) is arbitrarily disposed between the exterior cover and the cathode. The fuel accommodating portion 5 accommodates the liquid fuel corresponding to the unit structure 20. The liquid fuel system may be a methanol fuel of various concentrations or a methanol fuel such as pure methanol. The liquid fuel system is not necessarily limited to the composition of the methanol fuel. The liquid fuel system may be, for example, an ethanol fuel such as an aqueous ethanol solution or pure ethanol, a propanol fuel such as an aqueous solution of propanol or pure propanol, a glycol fuel such as an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol or pure ethylene glycol, or a dimethyl ether. , formic acid, other liquid fuels. In any case, the -21 - 200937714 capacity corresponds to the liquid fuel of the fuel cell. A fuel distribution mechanism 11 is provided for the anode (fuel electrode) of the unit structure 20. The fuel distribution mechanism 11 is connected to the fuel supply source 50 via a tubular flow path 51. The fuel distribution mechanism n is introduced into the liquid fuel from the fuel supply source 50 via the flow path 51. The flow path 51 is not limited to the configuration of a pipe independent of the fuel distribution mechanism 11 or the fuel supply source 50. For example, the case where the laminated fuel distribution mechanism 11 and the fuel supply source 50 are integrated may be a flow path for connecting the liquid fuels. The fuel distribution mechanism U is connected to the fuel supply source 5 by the flow path 51. 帮 The pump 31 is inserted between the communication fuel supply source 50 and the flow path 51 of the fuel distribution mechanism 11. In other words, the pump 31 is not a pump for fuel circulation. The fuel supply unit 50 is completely supplied with fuel from the fuel accommodating unit 50 to the fuel distribution unit 41. By controlling the fuel supply when necessary by such a pump 41, the controllability of the fuel supply amount can be improved. In the fuel cell 1A shown in Fig. 6, the fuel supplied from the fuel distribution mechanism 11 to the unit structure 20 is used for the power generation reaction, and is then returned to the fuel storage unit 50 without being circulated. The fuel cell 1A shown in Fig. 6 is a case where the fuel is never recirculated, and unlike the conventional active method, the fuel cell 1A does not have a configuration such as miniaturization of the device. Further, the use of the pump 31 for the supply of the liquid fuel is also different from the conventional passive mode of the internal gasification type. The fuel cell 1A shown in Fig. 6 is, for example, a semi-passive type. The type of the pump 31 is not particularly limited. However, from the control of -22-200937714, it can transport a small amount of liquid fuel, and it is more compact and lightweight. It is ideal to use a rotating blade pump for electrical penetration. Flow pump, septum pump, pick up the pump and so on. The rotary vane pump is configured to be rotated by a motor to rotate the vane. The electrically immersed flow pumping system is a sintered porous body using cerium oxide or the like which causes an electrical permeation phenomenon. The spacer pump is configured to drive the spacer through the electromagnet or the piezoelectric ceramic. The pumping system is configured to compress a part of the flexible fuel flow path and collect the fuel. Among them, from the viewpoint of driving electric power or size, etc., it is more preferable to use an electrically immersed flow pump or a spacer puffer having a pressure electromagnetic stone. The amount of the infusion of the pump 31 is preferably a case where the main object of the fuel cell 1A is a small electronic device, for example, as a range of lOpL/min to 1 mL/min. When the infusion amount exceeds 1 mL/min, the amount of liquid fuel delivered at one time is too large, and the stop time of the pump 31 during the full operation becomes longer. Therefore, the variation in the supply amount of the fuel to the unit structure 20 becomes larger, and as a result, the variation in the output becomes larger. Further, the container for preventing this is disposed between the pump 31 and the fuel distribution unit 丨i. However, even if such a configuration is applied, the fluctuation of the fuel supply amount cannot be sufficiently controlled, and the size of the device can be increased. On the other hand, when the amount of infusion of the pump 31 is less than 10 μί/min, if the fuel consumption increases when the device is started, there is a shortage of supply capacity. Thereby, the starting characteristics and the like of the fuel cell 31 are lowered. It is preferable to use the pump 31 having an infusion capacity in the range of ΙΟμυ min to lmL/min from such a point. The amount of infusion of the pump 31 is as a range of 1〇~2〇〇μί/min 隹 -23- 200937714. Even in the case of achieving such infusion volume, it is also suitable for the electric pumping system or for the spacers. In the fuel cell 1A shown in FIG. 6, the pump 3 1 is operated as necessary, and the liquid fuel is supplied from the fuel containing unit 50 to the fuel distribution mechanism u. The liquid fuel introduced into the fuel distribution mechanism 11 is the same as the above-described embodiment, and is guided to a plurality of fuel supply ports 14 each. Further, from the plurality of fuel supply ports 14, the entire structure of the unit structure 20 is supplied with fuel to generate a power generation reaction. As described above, even when the liquid fuel is supplied from the fuel accommodating portion 50 to the fuel distributing mechanism 11 by the pump 31, the fuel distributing mechanism 11 functions effectively, and the fuel supply amount to the unit structure 20 can be made uniform. The person. As shown in Fig. 7, the fuel distribution mechanism 11 has at least one fuel injection port 12 through which the liquid fuel flows through the flow path 51, and a plurality of fuel supply ports 14 through which the liquid fuel or its vaporization component is discharged. Inside the fuel distribution mechanism 1, a liquid storage tank 41 that functions as a passage for the liquid fuel is formed. A fuel injection port 12 is provided for one end (starting end) of the liquid storage tank 41. The liquid storage tanks 41 are plurally divided on the way, and the fuel supply ports 14 are provided at the respective end portions of the liquid storage tanks 41 which are different from each other. The liquid storage tank 41 is preferably a through hole having an inner diameter of 〇 _ 05 to 5 mm, for example. The liquid fuel introduced into the fuel distribution mechanism 11 from the fuel injection port 12 is guided to a plurality of fuel supply ports 14 by a plurality of liquid reservoirs 41 which are divergent. When the fuel distribution mechanism 11 thus constructed is used, the liquid which is introduced from the fuel injection port 12 to the fuel distribution mechanism 11 can be equally distributed to the plurality of fuel supply ports 14 regardless of the direction or position. Then, it becomes a more uniformity of the power generation reaction in the plane of the unit structure. The fuel supply port 14 is provided so as to supply fuel to the entire unit structure 20, and is provided in plural on the surface that is in contact with the anode of the flow path plate 13. The number of the fuel supply ports 14 may be two or more. However, in the case of uniformizing the amount of fuel supplied to the surface of the unit structure 20, there is a presence of zero. 1 to 10 / cm2 fuel supply port 14 terrain is good. Further, when the fuel injection port 12 and the plurality of fuel supply ports 14 are connected to the liquid storage tank 41, it is possible to design a fuel that can be supplied through a specific portion of the fuel cell 1. For example, in the state of the device device, when the heat release of one half of the fuel cell 1 A is improved, the temperature distribution is conventionally generated, and the average output is not reduced. On the other hand, by adjusting the pattern of the liquid storage tank 41, when the fuel supply port 14 is closely arranged in advance in the heat-promoting portion, the heat generated by the power generation in the portion thereof can be increased. As a result, the degree of power generation in the plane can be uniformized, and the output can be controlled to drop. In the above-described embodiment, the mechanism for supplying the liquid fuel from the fuel containing unit 50 to the fuel distributing mechanism 1 is not particularly limited. For example, in the case of the installation place at the time of fixed use, gravity can be used. The liquid fuel is transported from the fuel containing portion 50 to the fuel dispensing mechanism 11 . Further, when the flow path 51 of the porous body or the like is used, the capillary phenomenon can be infused from the fuel containing portion 50 to the fuel distribution mechanism 11. The fuel released from the fuel distribution mechanism 1 is supplied to the anode (fuel electrode) of the unit structure 20 of -25-200937714 as described above. In the unit structure 20, the fuel is diffused in the anode gas diffusion layer 5 and supplied to the anode catalyst layer 3. When a methanol fuel is used as the liquid fuel, an internal reforming reaction of methanol represented by the following formula (1) is produced in the anode catalyst layer 3. However, in the case where pure methanol is used as the methanol fuel, the water generated in the cathode catalyst layer 2 or the water in the electrolyte membrane 6 is reacted with methanol to cause the internal reforming reaction of the following formula (1) to occur. Alternatively, an internal reforming reaction is generated via another reaction mechanism that does not require water. CH30H + H20 - C02 + 6H + + 6e (1) The electrons (e_) generated by the reaction are guided to the outside via the current collector, and the portable electronic device or the like is operated as electrical. After that, it is guided to the cathode (air electrode). Further, the proton (H+) generated by the internal reforming reaction of the formula (1) is guided to the cathode via the electrolyte membrane 6. The cathode system is supplied with air as an oxidant. The electrons (e_) and protons (H+) reaching the cathode are in the cathode catalyst layer 2, and react with oxygen in the air with the following formula (2) to generate water accompanying the reaction. 6e* + 6H + + (3/2) 02-3 H20··· (2) In response to the power generation reaction of the fuel cell described above, the catalyst reaction is smoothly performed in order to increase the power generation for power generation. It is important that the entire electrode of the unit structure 20 contributes more efficiently to power generation, -26-200937714. In this case, the fuel supply port 14 for fuel supply is one place for the unit structure 20, and the fuel concentration near the fuel discharge port is sufficient for power generation, but with the fuel row. When the outlet 14 leaves, the fuel concentration drops rapidly. Therefore, the average output of the fuel cell as a whole is affected by the small supply of fuel and stays low. The control of the pump 31 for fuel supply (ease of use) is preferably performed with reference to the output of the fuel 0 battery 1A. The output of the battery ία is detected by a control circuit (not shown), and a control signal is transmitted to the pump 3 1 according to the detection result. The pump 3 1 controls on/off according to the control signal transmitted from the control circuit. The operation of the pump 3 1 is added to the output of the battery 1 a , and is controlled by the operation information of the electronic device according to the temperature information or the power supply, and the like, and a more stable operation can be achieved. Further, in order to improve the stability or reliability of the fuel cell, a fuel shutoff valve (not shown) may be disposed in series with the pump 31. In this way, when the fuel shutoff valve is inserted between the fuel accommodating portion 50 and the fuel distribution mechanism 11, when the fuel cell 1A is not used, it is possible to avoid a small amount of fuel consumption that is inevitably generated, or the above-described Poor suction in the pump when it is running again. These constitute a major contribution to the practical convenience of the fuel cell 1. Further, in the fuel accommodating portion 50 or the flow path 51, a balance valve (not shown) for balancing the pressure in the fuel accommodating portion 50 with the outside air may be provided. When the liquid fuel is supplied from the fuel accommodating portion 50 to the fuel distributing mechanism 11 and the internal pressure of the fuel accommodating portion 50 is reduced, the balancing valve is opened -27-200937714. According to the open state of the balancing valve, the external air is introduced by reducing the pressure difference between the inside and the outside. When the pressure difference between the inside and the outside is released, the internal pressure of the fuel accommodating portion 50 due to the supply of the liquid fuel can be controlled by the sealing valve 再次 again when the balance valve that operates in this manner is installed in the fuel accommodating portion 50 or the like. The person who caused the change in the amount of infusion. The liquid fuel 49 of each of the above embodiments exerts an effect when various liquid fuels are used, and is not limited to the type or concentration of the liquid fuel. However, the fuel distribution mechanism 11 having a plurality of fuel supply ports 14 is characterized in that the fuel concentration is rich. Therefore, in the fuel cell 49 of each embodiment, when methanol having a concentration of 80% or more is used as a liquid fuel, the performance and effect can be particularly exhibited, and accordingly, each embodiment is preferably applied to a concentration of 8 A fuel cell that uses 0% or more of methanol as a liquid fuel. Although various embodiments have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and in the embodiment, the constituent elements may be modified to be specific without departing from the scope of the technical idea. The person. Further, various inventions can be formed by the appropriate combination of the constituent elements disclosed in the above-described embodiments. For example, several constituent elements may be eliminated from the entire constituent elements shown in the above embodiment. Furthermore, it is also possible to appropriately combine constituent elements that span different implementation types. For example, the vapor of the liquid fuel supplied to the MEA may be supplied to all of the vapors of the liquid fuel, but some of them may be supplied in a liquid state. Further, in the semi-passive type fuel cell, the fuel supply to the membrane electrode assembly is performed from the fuel storage chamber -28-200937714, and the fuel shut-off valve may be disposed as a substitute for the pump. In this case, the fuel shutoff valve is configured to control the supply of the liquid fuel via the flow path. Ming said that the application of the example is based on the case of J]. < Carrying carbon black, perfluorosulfonic acid solution, water and methoxypropanol in the anode catalyst particles (Pt: Pu = 1 : 1 ), and dispersing the above-mentioned catalyst to carry carbon black to prepare a paste . The anode of the anode catalyst layer 3 having a thickness of 450 μm was produced by applying the obtained paste to a porous carbon paper as the anode gas diffusion layer 5. <Production of Cathode> Carbon black, perfluorosulfonic acid solution, water and methoxypropanol are carried on the anode catalyst particles (Pt: Pu = 1 : 1 ), and the catalyst is loaded with carbon black. Disperse and modulate the paste. The anode of the cathode catalyst layer 2 having a thickness of 400 μm was produced by applying the obtained paste to a porous carbon paper as the cathode gas diffusion layer 4. Between the catalyst 3 for the anode and the cathode catalyst layer 2, a perfluorosulfonic acid membrane 6 (Nafion, manufactured by DuPont) having a thickness of 30 μm and a water content of 10 to 20% by weight is disposed as a proton conductive electrolyte membrane. A membrane electrode assembly (MEA) 10 was obtained by applying a hot press to these -29 - 200937714. <Preparation of Current Collector Assembly> According to the above embodiment, a current collector assembly is produced. By integrating the two-pole current collector pattern with the cathode insulating sealing frame 8a and the anode insulating sealing frame 8b so as to be integrated over the common insulating film 70, the respective positions are determined, and the production time of the unit structure can be greatly reduced. In addition, the position is determined at the time of bending, and a pin for determining the position is provided on the outer circumference of the insulating sealing frame. By doing so, it is possible to greatly produce the production time of the unit structure, and it is possible to reduce the resistance of 50 m Ω and improve the output characteristics. However, in the case of the cathode insulating sealing frame of the cathode electrode portion having no position determining plural and the anode insulating sealing frame of the plurality of anode electrode portions, the position of each electrode portion is not determined and is not a specific electrode. For the electrode, the case of contacting the conductive layer. Further, in the portion where the conductive layer is present, it is easy to add pressure through the exterior cover and the fuel containing chamber structure, and there is a possibility that the fuel which has never existed in the conductive layer leaks. However, by combining the anode insulating sealing frame 8b of the present invention, the cathode insulating sealing frame 8a, the anode current collector 7b, and the cathode current collector 7a, the above problems can be eliminated. According to the present invention, by arranging on the insulating film as a surface of the anode current collector opposite to the surface in contact with the anode, surrounding the anode current collector, the structure between the electrolyte membrane and the insulating film is sealed. The membrane electrode assembly 'fuel is not bypassed from the anode side to the cathode side, and the needle -30-200937714 can be used to contribute to the miniaturization of the fuel cell by wiring the fuel cell in a plane in which a plurality of unit elements are arranged. Therefore, the volumetric energy-density of the power generation unit of the fuel cell can be increased, and the wireless portable device such as a mobile phone, a mobile player, a game machine, a notebook computer, or the like can be operated to sufficiently obtain a high output characteristic. Further, in the present invention, the anode current collector is disposed on the insulating film on the surface opposite to the surface in contact with the anode, and surrounds the anode Φ electric body to seal the electrolyte film and the insulating film. Since the electric body is disposed on the insulating film and fixed, it is easy to match the position of the current collector and the electrification portion, and it is possible to provide a fuel cell with high assembly accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing the inside of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a φ exploded cross-sectional view for explaining a method of manufacturing a main portion of the fuel cell of Fig. 1. Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the essential part of the fuel cell of Figure 1. Figure 4 is a plan view showing the combination of current collectors before two folds. Figure 5 is a perspective view showing a combination of two fold collectors. Figure 6 is a block cross-sectional view showing a fuel cell system of other fuel supply modes. Figure 7 is a perspective view showing a schematic of the fuel distribution mechanism. Figure 8 is a schematic plan view of other fuel distribution mechanisms. -31 - 200937714 [Description of main components] 1 : Fuel cell 2 : Cathode catalyst layer 3 : Anode catalyst layer 4 : Cathode gas diffusion layer 5 : Anode gas diffusion layer 6 : Electrolyte film 7 a : Cathode current collector 7 b : Anode current collector 9: gas-liquid separation membrane 10: membrane electrode assembly 1 1 : fuel distribution mechanism 1 2 : fuel injection port 1 3 : fuel distribution plate 1 4 : fuel supply port 1 8 : fuel supply port 1 9 : moisturizing Plate 21: exterior cover 22: vent hole 20: unit structure 2 1 a: end portion 31 of the outer cover: pump 3 3: fuel shutoff valve 40: liquid storage tank - 32 - 200937714 50: fuel supply source 51 : Flow path 60 : Balance valve 7 1 : Cathode electrode 7 3 : Anode electrode 8a : Cathode insulating sealing frame 8b : Anode insulating sealing frame
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