200931399 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於用於感測周圍噪音之配置，特定而言供在 周圍噪音縮減系統中使用且尤其在有微風或風之戶外使用 之配置。 【先前技術】 . 噪音消除配置已廣為人知，且其經設計以自一收聽者感 知之聲音中移除不想要噪音，該收聽者可正收聽存在不 Ο 要噪音之一想要聲訊信號或者僅曝露於此不想要噪音。一 個特定噪音源係周圍噪音，其在該收聽者之位置處或者在 聲訊彳S號源之位置處，或者此兩者處。已存在諸多用於處 理此問題之提議，但一種常用方法為：僅使一麥克風專門 用於感測周圍噪音，自該麥克風產生一指示周圍噪音之電 信號，將此信號反轉並將其添加至想要的聲訊信號，以便 在將所得信號提供給收聽者時，已藉由一干擾處理在某種 程度上消除該收聽者所曝露至之周圍噪音。 © 當前，大多數注意力係指向噪音消除配置中所利用之作 號處理電路。此等嘗試並未解決風或微風中之噪音問題。 已知噪音消除配置在有風狀況下或甚至在一輕微風中不能 較佳地執行。 b 【發明内容】 本發明提出改良用於感測周圍噪音之轉換器配置以解決 -有風環境中之周圍噪音問題。冑出將經改良之轉換器配 置與利用一單獨周圍嗓音轉換器的各種類型之噪音消除系 136642.doc 200931399 統配合使用。 【實施方式】 本發明係、基於使用—轉換器之經改良構造，該轉換器在 -嚼音消除系統中用作周圍嗓音拾取轉換器。此一系統大 體顯不於圖1中，其中正將—想要聲訊信號1饋送至-輸出 聲訊轉換器’在此情形下一收聽者使用一耳塞或耳機。一 肖圍嗓日轉換H3產生-指示周圍噪音之電信號且此信號 被發送至-其中將其與想要信號組合之處理電路4。舉例 © 巾言’通常將周㈣音信號反轉且然後將其添加至想要信 ^。此线之-個可能制係將—聲音饋送至㈣者以使 付由耳塞產生之聲波與實際聲音周圍蜂音相干擾，以使得 收聽者所聽到之總聲音係由想要信號連同一經縮減量值或 經消除之周圍噪音一起組成。噪音感測轉換器3之位置相 依於希望將其自呈現給使用者之耳塞之信號中移除之嚼音 之位置。舉例而言’眾所周知可製作噪音消除頭戴式耳 冑’其可在-乘客正收聽—飛機娛樂頻道時用來縮減飛機 中環境噪音之影響。另一選擇為，當在一裝配有一行動電 話之汽車中利用—免提套件時，汽車中之行動電話之使用 I不想將來自汽車内之周圍噪音傳輸至受話方之接收器， 且在此情形下通常在電話呼叫之起源處提供周圍噪音抑制 系統。此等兩個實例展示可相依於作業中之系統類型使轉 換器3位於若干不同位置處之事實。 現在轉至圖2,此圖顯示一經設計以？文良由周圍噪音轉 換器3產生之信號之品質之轉換器配置。此轉換器配置可 136642.doc 200931399 用於在偵測周圍噪音之任一噪音消除系統t產生一經改良 之周圍噪音信號，且可用於縮減一正收聽（例如）一聲訊播 放器（諸如一CD或MP3播放器）或其他媒體播放器或一通信 器件（諸如一行動電話）之使用者所聽到之周圍噪音。另一 2擇為，一使用者可能並未正收聽一特定聲音源，而是可 能正使用一噪音消除系統來移除周圍噪音以達到收聽寂靜 • 之意圖》 特定而言，該經改良之轉換器配置解決周圍噪音中之風 ❹ ㉟音問題。當經受風時，進人麥克風中之空氣流易於使來 自-麥克風之信冑變飽#，此損害纟克風產生一正確地傳 達麥克風所曝露至之聲音之信號的能力。在使用一麥克風 來横測供在一噪音消除裝置中使用之周圍噪音之情形下， 此曝露至風之影響在於麥克風並未正確地拾取周圍噪音， 且因此極大地降低使用所侦測周圍噪音信號之噪音消除之 效應。 當錢者存在料（例如在戶外）正㈣耳機或職式耳 冑時，另-問題發生在於-噪音消除系統中使用—麥克風 來傾測周圍操音時。在此環境中，該使用者可曝露至各種 $式之周圍噪音（例如交通噪音），但實際上因存在耳機或 頭戴式耳機而使該使用者在某些程度上與實際風噪音屏 蔽。因此’在不存在噪音消除系統之情形下，使用者聽到 經由耳機供應之任一信號（或在未播放聲音之情形下，無 信號）以及周圍噪音，但無明顯的風噪音。當採用嗓音消 除系統時，麥克風偵測周圍噪音以及風噪音，且將此信號 136642.doc 200931399 反轉並使其與想要的信號混合。因此，使用者聽到的係想 要的信號及周圍噪音，以及經反轉之周圍噪音信號（其包 含經反轉之風噪音）。由於將使用者與實際風噪音屏蔽， 因此此效應係實際上將經反轉之風噪音引入至提供至使用 者之耳機之信號中，從而使噪音消除系統之有效性極大地 降低，並可能導致使用者聽到之總信號明顯比根本不使用 • 周圍噪音消除之情形差。 因此，在本發明中使用之經改良轉換器配置之目的係改 Ο I周圍噪音之偵測，特定而言在存在風時，以使得當使用 所偵測之周圍噪音信號來產生一意欲消除掉使用者聽到之 周圍噪音之信號時噪音縮減裝置更有效地起作用。該系統 係在使用者正經由雙耳上的耳機或頭戴式耳機收聽噪音縮 咸系統所產生之信號之情形下最佳地工作，此乃因使用者 备時較少地曝露至實際風噪音，且對周圍噪音（具有經縮 減之風噪音）之經改良偵測更正確地消除使用者實際經歷 之周圍噪音。 ❿ 然而，該經改良轉換器配置並非限定於在收聽者正戴著 耳機，頭戴式耳機之情形下使用，此乃因其將周圍噪音之 - 更可靠表示作為一輸入提供給偵測周圍噪音之任一噪音 肖除/縮減系統。舉例而言，噪音消除系統亦可在一收聽 者正使用揚聲器收聽一想要聲音時使用，尤其在噪音源及 #關聯周圍噪音感測器在揚聲器之聲音回鑌路徑外面之情 形下。 Θ 轉換器配置包括兩個或更多個轉換器元件，該等轉換器 136642.doc 200931399 T件之輸出經求和以產生—單個輸出。在此實例中，轉換 器兀件位於由-經成形之聲阻材料所界定之體積内以便將 其最大程度地曝露至周圍條件。此係藉由將該等元件與聲 阻材料附接至其之支樓表面間隔開而達成。重點在於將轉 換器元件曝露至周圍條件，且在使該等元件最大程度地曝 露至風時風臂音縮減最有效。較佳地制全向轉換器元 件’但亦可使用I自或雙向元纟，但其效能位準將降低。 一全向轉換器元件係一種在一外殼中存在單個埠之轉換器 | 元件，其中轉換器之隔膜安置於外殼内以使得其相等地回 應於來自不同方向之聲音。轉換器配置之元件彼此相對之 佈置並不重要，此乃因不管該等元件相對於聲源而面對的 方向如何皆可獲得藉由對輸出求和所達成之風噪音縮減效 應雖然最佳效能係在該等元件面向不同方向時所達成。 此外，較佳地應藉助一可包圍麥克風之薄抗性材料將該 等麥克風與四周環境屏蔽。此材料有利地由一具有約125 微米或更小之穿孔大小之網組成’可將其與一薄耗或發泡 體組合。該發泡鱧可類似於用於覆蓋頭戴式耳機之耳塞之 發泡體，雖然其他配置亦有效。較佳地，該材料不應明顯 不利地影響元件之頻率回應。 現在參照圖2，此圖顯示一包括複數個覆蓋有一層呈網 形式之抗性材料10之全向轉換器元件之配置，其中孔大約 小於125微米’較佳地大約小於75微米，且更佳地為4〇至 50微米。該網可（例如）由金屬絲製成。亦可使用一特定多 孔塑膠。若需要’可將該網與一層類似於用於覆蓋頭戴式 136642.doc 200931399 機之耳塞之薄氈或發泡體組合。可以若干不同方式將該經 成形網與氈或發泡體層組合，而非簡單地用網覆蓋氈或發 泡體。舉例而言，氈或發泡體可覆蓋網 合的嫩或發泡撤之交替層，以達成較佳之=二 但代價係添加鬆散度。因此，材料10不影響該元件或該等 元件之頻率回應。 xBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a configuration for sensing ambient noise, particularly for use in a surrounding noise reduction system and especially for outdoor use with breeze or wind. [Prior Art] Noise cancellation configuration is well known and it is designed to remove unwanted noise from a sound perceived by a listener who can be listening to one of the unwanted noises wanting an audio signal or only exposing I don't want noise here. A particular source of noise is ambient noise at the location of the listener or at the location of the source of the sigma, or both. There have been many proposals for dealing with this problem, but one common method is to make only one microphone dedicated to sensing ambient noise, generate an electrical signal from the microphone indicating the surrounding noise, invert this signal and add it. To the desired audio signal, the surrounding noise that the listener is exposed to is somewhat eliminated by an interference process when the resulting signal is provided to the listener. © Currently, most of the attention is directed to the numbering circuitry used in the noise cancellation configuration. These attempts did not solve the noise problem in the wind or the breeze. It is known that noise canceling configurations are not performed well under windy conditions or even in a slight wind. b SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention proposes to improve the converter configuration for sensing ambient noise to solve the problem of ambient noise in a windy environment. The improved converter configuration is used in conjunction with various types of noise cancellation systems 136642.doc 200931399 using a separate surround arpeggio converter. [Embodiment] The present invention is based on an improved configuration of a use-converter which is used as a surround voice pickup converter in a chewing cancellation system. This system is generally not shown in Figure 1, where the audio signal 1 is being fed to the output audio converter. In this case the listener uses an earbud or earphone. A short-circle conversion H3 produces an electrical signal indicative of ambient noise and this signal is sent to the processing circuit 4, which combines it with the desired signal. For example, the towel says that the weekly (four) tone signal is usually inverted and then added to the desired letter ^. One of the possible lines of this line - the sound is fed to (4) so that the sound waves generated by the earplugs interfere with the buzz around the actual sound, so that the total sound heard by the listener is the same amount of reduction from the desired signal. The value or the surrounding noise is eliminated together. The position of the noise sensing transducer 3 is dependent on the position of the chew that is desired to be removed from the signal presented to the user's earbuds. For example, it is well known that a noise canceling headset can be made which can be used to reduce the effects of ambient noise in an aircraft while the passenger is listening to the aircraft entertainment channel. Another option is that when using a hands-free kit in a car equipped with a mobile phone, the use of the mobile phone in the car does not want to transmit ambient noise from the car to the receiver of the callee, and in this case The ambient noise suppression system is typically provided at the origin of the telephone call. These two examples show the fact that the converter 3 can be placed at several different locations depending on the type of system in the job. Now go to Figure 2, which shows how it is designed? Wenliang's converter configuration of the quality of the signal generated by the ambient noise converter 3. The converter configuration 136642.doc 200931399 is used to generate an improved ambient noise signal for any noise cancellation system t that detects ambient noise, and can be used to reduce a positive listening device (such as a CD or Ambient noise heard by users of MP3 players or other media players or a communication device such as a mobile phone. Another option is that a user may not be listening to a particular sound source, but may be using a noise cancellation system to remove ambient noise to achieve the intention of listening to silence. In particular, the improved conversion The device configuration solves the problem of wind noise in the surrounding noise. When subjected to the wind, the flow of air into the microphone tends to cause the signal from the microphone to become full, which damages the ability of the microphone to correctly signal the sound to which the microphone is exposed. In the case of using a microphone to cross-measure the ambient noise used in a noise canceling device, the effect of this exposure to the wind is that the microphone does not pick up the surrounding noise correctly, and thus greatly reduces the use of the detected ambient noise signal. The effect of noise cancellation. When the money source (for example, outdoors) is in the (four) earphones or the earphones, another problem occurs when the microphone is used in the noise cancellation system to detect the surrounding sound. In this environment, the user can be exposed to various ambient noises (e.g., traffic noise), but in reality the user is shielded from the actual wind noise to some extent by the presence of headphones or headphones. Therefore, in the absence of a noise canceling system, the user hears any signal supplied via the earphone (or no signal in the absence of sound) and ambient noise, but no significant wind noise. When using the Arpeggio Removal System, the microphone detects ambient noise and wind noise and inverts this signal 136642.doc 200931399 and mixes it with the desired signal. Therefore, the user hears the desired signal and ambient noise, as well as the inverted ambient noise signal (which contains the reversed wind noise). Since the user is shielded from the actual wind noise, this effect actually introduces the reversed wind noise into the signal provided to the user's earphone, thereby greatly reducing the effectiveness of the noise cancellation system and possibly causing The total signal that the user hears is significantly worse than if the ambient noise is not used at all. Therefore, the purpose of the improved converter configuration used in the present invention is to improve the detection of noise around the I, in particular in the presence of wind, such that when the detected ambient noise signal is used, an intention is eliminated. The noise reduction device works more effectively when the user hears a signal of ambient noise. The system works best when the user is listening to the signal generated by the noise constriction system via headphones or headphones on both ears, because the user is less exposed to actual wind noise during standby. And the improved detection of ambient noise (with reduced wind noise) more accurately eliminates the surrounding noise actually experienced by the user. ❿ However, the improved converter configuration is not limited to use when the listener is wearing headphones or headphones, because it provides a more reliable representation of ambient noise as an input to detect ambient noise. Any noise removal/reduction system. For example, the noise cancellation system can also be used when a listener is listening to a desired sound using a speaker, especially if the noise source and the associated noise sensor are outside the sound return path of the speaker. The converter configuration includes two or more converter elements that are summed to produce a single output. In this example, the converter element is located within the volume defined by the shaped acoustically resistive material to maximize its exposure to ambient conditions. This is achieved by spacing the elements from the surface of the floor to which the resistive material is attached. The focus is on exposing the converter components to ambient conditions and the wind arm reduction is most effective when maximizing exposure of these components to the wind. Preferably, the omnidirectional converter element 'but can also use an I or two-way element, but its performance level will be reduced. An omnidirectional converter element is a transducer having a single turn in a housing, wherein the diaphragm of the converter is disposed within the housing such that it equally responds to sound from different directions. The arrangement of the components of the converter configuration relative to each other is not important, as the wind noise reduction effect achieved by summing the outputs can be obtained regardless of the direction in which the components face relative to the sound source, although the best performance is achieved. This is achieved when the components face in different directions. In addition, the microphones should preferably be shielded from the surrounding environment by means of a thin resistant material that surrounds the microphone. This material advantageously consists of a web having a perforation size of about 125 microns or less' which can be combined with a thinner or foamed body. The foamed enamel can be similar to the foam used to cover the earplugs of the headphones, although other configurations are also effective. Preferably, the material should not significantly adversely affect the frequency response of the component. Referring now to Figure 2, there is shown a configuration comprising a plurality of omnidirectional transducer elements covered with a layer of resistant material 10 in the form of a web, wherein the apertures are less than about 125 microns, preferably less than about 75 microns, and more preferably. The ground is 4 to 50 microns. The mesh can be made, for example, of a wire. A specific porous plastic can also be used. If desired, the net can be combined with a layer of mat or foam similar to the earplugs used to cover the headphone 136642.doc 200931399. The shaped web can be combined with a felt or foam layer in a number of different ways, rather than simply covering the felt or foam with a web. For example, the felt or foam may cover alternating layers of tender or foamed withdrawal of the mesh to achieve a better = two but at the expense of added bulk. Therefore, material 10 does not affect the frequency response of the component or the components. x
在本實施例中，提供複數個轉換器元件，且藉由緩衝器 電路16饋送該等元件之輸出並藉由一求和電路17將其相加 在一起。求和之後，在該等信號被饋送至輸出緩衝器19之 前，可藉由一其中下截止頻率幾乎為200 Hz之高通或帶通 濾波器電路18濾波該等信號，雖然可端視任一期望之要周 圍噪音之應用及性質使用任何此類濾波及選定之截止頻 率’此乃因所㈣關噪音信號中之㈣音抑制不應以正 確地偵測周圍噪音本身為代價。 在圖2之實施例中，呈現三個全向麥克風元件並將其彼 此相對安置以使其實體上成三維定向且指向不同方向。'如 上所述，用材料10覆蓋該等元件。在圖2中所示之特定配 置中，B及D元件係實體地安置於同—平面中，但元件b及 D之埠大體指向一共同點。換言之，兩個元件之埠係在同 一平面中，但指向不同角度》中間元件€實體地位於含有 元件B及D之平面上方，但其係傾斜的。因此其亦指向該 共同點。 / 包括網及氈或發泡體之一組合之隔音屏之形狀對風噪音 抑制效能（其中最佳效能係藉助複數個凸形部分所達成）產 I36642.doc 200931399 生影響°較佳地’該等凸形部分構成-三維大體雙曲線形In the present embodiment, a plurality of converter elements are provided and the outputs of the elements are fed by buffer circuit 16 and summed together by a summing circuit 17. After summing, the signals can be filtered by a high pass or band pass filter circuit 18 having a bottom cutoff frequency of approximately 200 Hz before the signals are fed to the output buffer 19, although any desired The application and nature of the surrounding noise use any such filtering and the selected cutoff frequency 'this is because (4) the noise suppression in the noise signal should not be at the expense of correctly detecting the ambient noise itself. In the embodiment of Fig. 2, three omnidirectional microphone elements are presented and placed opposite one another such that they are physically oriented in three dimensions and point in different directions. The elements are covered with material 10 as described above. In the particular configuration shown in Figure 2, the B and D elements are physically placed in the same plane, but the elements b and D generally point to a common point. In other words, the two elements are in the same plane, but point to different angles. The intermediate element is physically located above the plane containing elements B and D, but it is inclined. Therefore, it also points to this common point. / The shape of the soundproof screen comprising a combination of a net and a combination of felt or foam for wind noise suppression (where the best performance is achieved by means of a plurality of convex portions) I36642.doc 200931399 Equal convex part - three-dimensional general hyperbolic
狀。特定而言，形成在經成形部分之間具有皺縮部分之 屏’已發現該屏有效地阻擾風Q 麥克風元件陣列替代一習用麥克風，且因此可藉由在製 造期間倂入至設備中而用作此一麥克風之直接替代。此可 藉由在製造期間倂入麥克風元件及相關聯信號加法電路作 為較大設備之組件而達成。另—選擇為，麥克風元件可與shape. In particular, a screen formed with a crimped portion between the shaped portions has been found to effectively block the wind Q microphone element array in place of a conventional microphone, and thus can be incorporated into the device during manufacture. Used as a direct replacement for this microphone. This can be achieved by breaking into the microphone component and associated signal addition circuitry during manufacture as a component of a larger device. Another—select as, the microphone component can be
❷ 或不與其相關聯之信號加法電路封裝在一起且其作為模組 提供給製造商。 可使用允許元件陣列佔據極小空間之半導體技術製作一 個或多個全向轉換器元件。一 MEM麥克風有時被稱作一 SiMIC(矽麥克風）。 鑒於已發現如圖2中所示之配置之風噪音縮減特性極佳 之事實，在如上所述之一適當陣列中使用複數個微型全向 麥克風元件准許將本發明之一版本用於可在微風或有風條 件下（例如戶外）使用之裝置中。換言之，該配置將產生極 佳之周圍噪音及風噪音縮減特性。 【圖式簡單說明】 為可更易於理解使本發明，已參照附圖闡述了本發明之 一實施例，附圖中： 圖1顯示一噪音消除裝置之一方塊圖；及 圖2顯示根據本發明之一轉換器配置之構造。 【主要元件符號說明】 2 耳塞 136642.doc 200931399或 Or not packaged with its associated signal addition circuit and provided to the manufacturer as a module. One or more omnidirectional converter elements can be fabricated using semiconductor technology that allows the array of elements to occupy a very small space. A MEM microphone is sometimes referred to as a SiMIC (矽 microphone). In view of the fact that the wind noise reduction characteristics of the configuration as shown in Fig. 2 have been found to be excellent, the use of a plurality of miniature omnidirectional microphone elements in an appropriate array as described above permits the use of one version of the invention for use in the breeze Or in a device that is used in windy conditions (such as outdoors). In other words, this configuration will produce excellent ambient noise and wind noise reduction characteristics. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In order to make the present invention easier to understand, an embodiment of the present invention has been described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 shows a block diagram of a noise canceling apparatus; and Fig. 2 shows The construction of one of the converter configurations of the invention. [Main component symbol description] 2 earplugs 136642.doc 200931399
4 10 16 17 18 19 B C ❹ D 處理電路 抗性材料 緩衝器電路 求和電路 高通或帶通濾波器電路 輸出緩衝器 元件 元件 元件4 10 16 17 18 19 B C ❹ D Processing circuit Resistant material Buffer circuit Summation circuit High-pass or band-pass filter circuit Output buffer Component Component Component
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