TW200930144A - Organic semiconductor element, organic solar cell and display panel - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is adapted to decrease the driving voltage that will be applied between the first metallic electrode and the second electrode. The organic semiconductor element 3 of the present invention at least having, provided between a pair of electrodes of a first metallic electrode 46 and a second electrode 52, a luminescent layer 49, a hole injection layer 47 for taking holes out from the first metallic electrode 46, a hole transportation layer 48, laminated on the luminescent layer 49 at the side near to the first metallic electrode 46, for transporting the holes taken out by using the hole injection layer 47 to the luminescent layer 49, and an electron transportation layer 50, laminated on the luminescent layer 49 at the side near to the second electrode 52, for taking electrons out from the second electrode 52 and transporting the electrons to the luminescent layer 49 is characterized by containing a crystallization control member 8, which is a discontinuous mass provided along the surface of the hole injection layer 47 adjacent to the first metallic electrode 46 and controls the orientation of crystalline molecules 9.

Description

In the case of the invention, the invention relates to an organic semiconductor device in which a light-emitting layer is caused to emit light by applying an applied voltage between a pair of electrodes. [Prior Art] In recent years, the development of flat panel displays has been in full swing. In such a flat panel display, a display device using an organic semiconductor element such as an organic electroluminescence element has reached a practical stage. In recent years, organic semiconductor devices have been used in addition to transparent electrodes such as Indium Tin Oxide ( _ ), and other various materials have been used. For example, well-known organic semiconductor devices exist. There is: a layer of fullerene, C60) and copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) laminated on an electrode formed on a substrate and made of gold, by easily taking out a hole from the electrode, and More holes are injected into the light-emitting layer ©, and a technique of lowering the driving voltage to be applied between the anode and the cathode is performed. [Patent Document 1] The Journal of Vacuum Science and

Technology A (Jul/Aug 2000) 'Contents of the Invention' (The problem to be solved by the invention) The structure of the above-mentioned conventional technology contributes to a certain degree of driving voltage reduction, but it is still expected that the hole transport layer is from the anode. More holes are taken out more efficiently in the 97136288 4 200930144 hole, and the organic semiconductor component can be operated even if it is lower than the conventional driving voltage. The above problem is one of the problems to be solved by the present invention. (Means for Solving the Problem) The invention of the first aspect of the invention is to provide at least a light-emitting layer and a hole injection layer between the pair of electrodes of the first metal electrode and the second electrode. The hole transporting layer is taken out from the second metal electrode, and the hole transport layer is disposed on the side of the second metal electrode of the light-emitting layer, and the hole taken out by the hole injection layer is supplied to An organic semiconductor device in which the light-emitting layer) and the electron-incorporating layer (the layer is formed on the second electrode side of the light-emitting layer to extract electrons from the second electrode and supply the light to the light-emitting layer); And comprising: a discontinuous ship belonging to the surface layer of the loading member adjacent to the ith metal electrode, and (4) a crystallization control member having a crystalline molecular direction.

In order to solve the above problem, the invention of claim 17 of the patent scope is provided between the electrode and the first electrode of the second electrode, at least: the photoelectric system is formed on the boundary surface between the recorded material and the N-sand material. An exciton (excit〇n), which is separated into electricity, (the organic layer of which is laminated on the photoelectric conversion layer by the above; the electric=electricity=layer: the above-mentioned electric charge and is supplied to the second electrode), And including: a discontinuous block belonging to the surface layer of the above photoelectric conversion layer adjacent to the adjacent, and controlling the crystal control member in the direction of 97136288 200930144. To solve this problem, the invention of claim 18 includes a display panel having an organic half (four) element, which is provided between a pair of electrodes of the first metal electrode and the second electrode. At least a light-emitting layer, a hole injection layer (which takes out a hole from the first metal electrode), and an electric/conveying layer (which is layered on the light-emitting layer on the side of the second metal electrode) The hole extracted by the hole injection layer is supplied to the luminescent layer and the electron injection layer (the layer is formed on the second electrode side of the luminescent layer), and electrons are taken out from the second electrode and supplied to The light-emitting layer) includes an organic semiconductor element that includes a crystal control member that belongs to a discontinuous block of the surface of the hole injection layer adjacent to the first metal electrode and controls a crystal molecular direction. [Embodiment] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. [First Embodiment] Fig. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an example in which an organic semiconductor device according to a third embodiment is used for an organic electroluminescence element 3 of a display panel. The organic electroluminescence element 3 is an example of an organic semiconductor element, and is formed, for example, corresponding to red, green, and blue. The organic electric field light-emitting element 3 shown in the figure is one pixel. The organic electroluminescent element 3 is formed on the glass substrate 45, and sequentially laminated: an anode 46, a hole injection layer 47, a hole transport layer 48, a light-emitting layer 49, 97136288 ^ 200930144, an electron injection layer 51, and a cathode 52. . Further, the organic electroluminescent element 3 may have a structure in which a charge and an exciton diffusion layer are laminated to block charges and excitons in the light-emitting layer 49, respectively.

The glass substrate 45 is made of a transparent, translucent or opaque material. The anode 46 is formed to be covered along the glass substrate 45. The anode 46 has a function of supplying a hole to a light-emitting layer 49 to be described later. The anode 46 may be made of, for example, Ag, Cu, or indium tin oxide (IT) or indium zinc oxide (Indium 21 Oxide ' IZO) in addition to the above Au. In addition, other anodes 46 may be employed, for example

Al, Mo or Τι, etc. In the present embodiment, a metal electrode made of Au as the anode 46 is mainly set. The electric m layer 47 has a function of easily taking out holes from the anode 46. The hole injection layer 47 has, for example, a Cup. Or pentacene is a crystalline molecule of the material. Related to the crystalline molecule, the capacity of the [it/transport layer 48 has a function of transporting the hole taken out of the anode 46 by the hole injection layer π to the light-emitting layer (10). The hole transport layer 48 is, for example, NPB (amorphous), and the electric transfer layer (4) is present in the layer 47 and the light-emitting layer, and is prevented from being adjacent to the light-emitting layer two layers 47 and the light-emitting layer 49. . 49 The function of reducing the brightness of the light. The inside is formed by having an absorption in the visible light region to generate an "initial" in the light-emitting layer 49. 97136288 7 200930144 In the hole injection layer 47, the energy does not move toward it, so that the luminance is not easily lowered. This phenomenon is the same in the case where the hole injection layer 47 is made of pentacene. Further, even in the case of the crystalline molecules 9 of the hole injection layer 47, * ^ ^, if the energy gap is large, such a decrease in luminance is unlikely to occur. The material of the hole transport layer 48 is, for example, NPB' because the energy gap of the NPB is larger than that of Alq3, so that the luminance does not decrease. That is, the above-described hole transporting layer 48 generally belongs to a NPB having a material as a hole transporting material having a hole mobility ,, and in the present embodiment, the function of improving the luminous efficiency or suppressing the layer is exhibited. . The light-emitting layer 49 is made of, for example, an organic material, and is a light-emitting element that uses an electric field luminescence phenomenon, that is, an "electroluminescence" phenomenon. The light-emitting layer 49 is formed by any one of the plurality of electrodes 46 and 52 having a function of emitting light by an electric field generated between the plurality of electrodes 46 and 52 by application of a voltage. The light-emitting layer 49 emits light by utilizing the energy received from the electric field from the outside, and outputs the light by itself. In the present embodiment, a case where the light-emitting layer 49 also has a so-called electron transport layer will be described. Here, the function of the electron transport layer means the function of efficiently transporting electrons taken out from the cathode 52 to the light-emitting layer 49 by the main entrance layer 51. Further, in this way, instead of the electron-transporting layer function of the light-emitting layer 49, the electron-transporting layer may be separately formed between the light-emitting layer 49 and the electron-injecting layer 51. 97136288 8 200930144 An electron injection layer 5ι is laminated on the light-emitting layer 49. The electron injecting layer μ has a function of easily taking out electrons from the cathode 52. A cathode 52 is formed on the electron injecting layer 51. In addition, the electronic injection layer 51 may also include a function as a buffer layer or a cathode 52. The organic electroluminescent element 3 is used in combination. The electric field generated by the applied voltage between the anode 46 and the cathode 52 causes the light-emitting layer 49 to output visible light. In the organic electroluminescence element 3, a crystal control member 8 is present along the surface of the electric river injection layer β 47 adjacent to the anode 46. In the present embodiment t, the injection rate is increased by the presence of the crystallization control member 8, and for example, at least one of lowering the voltage and extending the life of the drive electric waste can be achieved. The crystallization control member (4) has a function of, for example, directional control of a planar organic semiconductor material. The crystal control member 8 is a member which is a discontinuous block along the surface layer of the hole injection layer 47 adjacent to the anode 46 (first metal electrode) and controls the direction of the crystal molecules to be described later. The so-called "discontinuous block" at the Λ can also be, for example, a structure having a concavo-convex shape. The crystal control member 8 is such a block and may be a film of not only one object. In other words, the "discontinuous block" herein may be, for example, a film covering a surface ratio of the anode 46 and having a coverage of 1% or more and less than 1% by weight. The crystallization control member 8 has an orientation of the crystalline molecule in the surface layer of the hole injection layer 47 by controlling the direction of at least one of the planar molecules and the rod-shaped molecules of one of the crystalline molecules ( 〇r ientat i〇η) The function of control. The crystallization control member 8 is such that the 97136288 9 200930144 hole of the crystalline molecule is controlled so that the controllable driving voltage becomes a lowered orientation, and is easily taken out from the anode 46 to be applied between the anode 46 and the cathode 52. status. 2 to 7 are cross-sectional views each showing a structural example when the specific range w shown in Fig. 1 is enlarged. Further, in the layer structure shown in Fig. 2 to Fig. 7, the layers for convenience will be illustrated in terms of thickness. ... ❹

Fig. 2 to Fig. 4 show a discontinuous block belonging to the crystal control member, and the mixture is mixed into a mountain-shaped aggregate 5 as shown in Fig. 2, and the garden is mixed into the cross section. First, the crystal control member 8 is used to form a concavity and agglomerate 5 on the surface layer of the hole injection layer 47, for example. In the present embodiment, the coagulum 5 is different from the embodiment. The condensed molecules constituting, for example, the material of the hole injection layer 。. The material constituting the electric enamel layer 47 can be exemplified by a surface of a thick five-hole electric hole injection material, such as a turn oxide (10) 3 Any one of U, Fuller, and _3. That is, Mo〇3 (molybdenum oxide) mixed with agglomerated molecules in the hole injection layer 47 may be replaced by The person "(Fuller) can also replace it with Alq3 mixed into the condensed molecule. In Fig. 2, the planar or rod-like crystalline molecules 9 are arranged along the anode 46 on the surface of the hole-forming layer 47 facing the anode. Each of the crystallizable molecules 9 is controlled to have an orientation angle of the opposing substrate 45 by the agglomerates 5. That is, the knot of each crystalline molecule 9 will be controlled. The thus-executed crystalline molecule 9 has an orientation of i-degree or more and 90-degree or less with respect to the substrate 45. 97130288 200930144. The condensed (4) 5 series has a discontinuous film shape as a whole, and its thickness τ has a considerable thickness. The thickness Τ is, for example, about G.lnm to iQnm. When the aggregate 5 is mixed with the agglomerated molecule, the shape is changed by at least one condition such as the size of the trait, the cohesive force, the affinity with the surface of the first metal electrode 46, and the coverage. Here, the "molecular size" means, for example, ❹ 〇 · lnm (: 1A) or more. Further, the organic semiconductor material subjected to the orientation control in this manner may be a material having an interval of molecules of, for example, about 1 [nm] (lA) and having integrated crystallinity. Further, even if the condensed molecular system belongs to, for example, a material having a small molecular size, it is possible to form a structure having a coverage of 1% or more and less than 1% by self-aggregation. Thus, if the coverage of the first metal electrode 46 formed by the agglomerated molecules is less than 100%, the aggregated molecules will cover the entire surface of the first metal electrode 46, and between the first metal electrode 46 and the electron transport layer 50. Residual electrical contacts ensure the flow of current. Further, when the affinity with the surface of the first metal electrode 46 is such that the surface of the first metal electrode 46 is in affinity, since both the agglomerated molecule and the first metal electrode 46 are in mutual affinity, the affinity can be made. The wettability is good, and thus the aggregated molecules are easily fused with the first metal electrode 46 to be smoothed. On the other hand, when the agglomerated molecule and the first metal electrode 46 are inferior in affinity and hydrophobicity, the wettability is inferior, and it is easy to form a film structure having a coverage of 1% or more and no 97136288 11 200930144. As shown in Fig. 3, the same crystalline molecules 9 are arranged along the anode 46, but since the agglomerates 5 which are mixed are smaller, the orientation angle 01 will be different from that of Fig. 2 and become a smaller angle. Further, the same crystalline molecules 9 are arranged along the anode 46 as shown in Fig. 4, but since the aggregate 5 to be mixed is smaller, the orientation angle 0 1 will be different from that of Fig. 3 and become a smaller angle. The planar or rod-like crystalline molecules 9 shown in Fig. 5 are arranged along the anode 46 on the surface of the hole injection layer 47 facing the anode 46®. Each of the crystalline molecules 9 is controlled to have a state in which the opposing substrate 45 is at an angle of 0 1 by using an aggregate 5 having a nearly circular cross section. That is, the crystallinity of each crystalline molecule 9 is controlled. 6 is not the same crystalline molecules 9 arranged along the anode 46, but because the incoming aggregate 5 is smaller, the orientation angle W will be different from that of FIG. 5, _, angle °, and further ' ϋ 7 The same crystalline molecules 9 ^ anode 46 are shown, but since the incorporated agglomerates 5 are smaller, the orientation angle Θ 1 will be different from that of Fig. 6 and become a smaller angle. The organic electric field light-emitting element 3 built in the display panel has a structural example as described above, and the human 'refer to FIG. 1 to FIG. 7 and the driving voltage verification result for the organic electric field light-emitting element. - The example is explained. Verification of directional control by X-ray diffraction > Fig. 10 shows one example of directional control verification results by X-ray diffraction. In addition, the horizontal axis refers to the X-ray incident angle 2θ/ω, and the longitudinal index refers to the intensity (intensity) [counts]. The figures _, produced 97136288 12 200930144, at the peak of the ray ray angle 20/Wdeg], indicate that the alignment has been optimally controlled. Further, although the present invention is made of the above-mentioned glass base plate 45, it may be made of, for example, Si. <The case where the crystalline molecule 9 contains cupc> The orientation control characteristic F1〇+ shown in Fig. 8 means that the anode 46 formed on the glass substrate 45 is made of Au (gold), CuPc, and hole transport layer 48. It is made of Qing as a material. In addition, the layer read quality of the ridges other than the hole transport layer 48 or the like is omitted as described above. The directional control characteristic F10 is an alignment characteristic in the case of using a well-known layer structure in order to explain the superiority of the present embodiment, and no peak appears at any of them. VIII. The other aspect, the S-direction control characteristic F11 is formed on the glass substrate 45. The anode 46 is made of Au (gold), the agglomerated molecules 7 of the crystal control member 8 and

Every day, the knife 9 is made of Ce° and CuPc, and the hole transport layer 48 is made of NPB W as the material, and V σ month. Further, the layer structure and material after the hole transport layer 48 are similar to the above contents, and thus the description will be omitted in the verification. The predetermined control characteristic F11 is a condition in which the layer control structure of the crystal control member 8 of the present embodiment is employed. In the orientation control characteristic F11, a sharp peak occurs when the X-ray incident angle 2?/? is about 6.84 [deg]. At this time, the orientation of the non-crystalline molecules 9 in which the &, crystal & molecule 9 of the crystal control member 8 is raised in the vertical direction is well controlled.

9 Figure Q shows the directional control characteristic F12, which refers to the anode 46 is 97136288 13 200930144

The Au(4), the agglomerated molecule 7 of the crystal control member 8, and the crystalline molecule 9 are made of _3 and CuPc, and the hole transporting layer 48 is made of a brain. The orientation control F12 is a case where the layer structure of the crystal control member 8 of the present embodiment is employed. In the directional control characteristic m, the incident angle of the X-ray ❹ 为 is about 6.8 [d_ appears sharp. At this time, the crystalline molecules 9 of the crystallization controlling member 8 are erected in the vertical direction with respect to the glass substrate 45, and the orientation of the nucleus molecules 9 is well controlled. Furthermore, the 9 non-directional control characteristics (10) refer to the anodic lanthanide system AU (, gold), the condensed molecules 7 of the crystal control member 8 and the crystalline molecules 9 respectively, A1 shouts CuPc, and the hole transport layer 48 The production control property F i 3 refers to the layer structure & of the crystal control member 8 of the present embodiment. The directional control characteristic f is a sharp peak when the X-ray incident angle is about 68 [deg]. At this time, the crystalline molecules 9 of the crystallization controlling member 8 are perpendicular to the glass substrate (9): the erected state indicates that the orientation of the crystalline molecules 9 is well controlled. In the case of the eccentric control characteristic shown in Fig. 10, the anode 46 is

Au (gold), the five poor two on the 'surgery, hole transport layer 48 series with NPB as the material. The orientation control characteristic F2Q is a superiority month in which the present embodiment can be explained, and the alignment characteristics in the case of using a well-known layer structure are not present at any of the points. The lateral control characteristic F21 is an anode 46 system. The aggregated molecules 7 and the crystalline molecules 9 of Au (gold), 97136288 200930144 = ΓΓ are respectively made of ~ and the hole transport layer 48 ΝΡΒ as a material. The characteristic yang refers to the layer structure of the crystallization control member 8 of the present embodiment. Second, the directional control characteristic F21 exhibits a sharp peak at the incident angle of the χ ray. At this time, the junction of the crystal control member 8 is in a state of rising toward the vertical direction with respect to the glass substrate 45. The orientation of the non-crystalline molecules 9 is well controlled. Ο

Further, the orientation control characteristic F22 shown in Fig. 10 refers to agglomerated molecules of An (gold) and crystal_member 8 in an anode form. And the crystalline molecules 9 are made of M〇〇3 and slightly sloppy, and the hole transporting layer 48 is made of NPB as the material. The orientation control property F22 refers to the layer structure of the crystal control structure of the present embodiment. . The directional control characteristic m is a peak when the X-ray incident angle W/ω is about 6.8 [deg]. At this time, the crystalline molecules 9 sen of the crystal control member 8 are in a straight state in the straight direction of the substrate milk, and the orientation of the crystalline molecules 9 is well controlled. Furthermore, the orientation control characteristic F23 shown in FIG. 10 means that the anode is alum (gold), the agglomerated molecule 7 of the crystal control member 8, and the crystalline molecule 9 are Α1φ and fused pentabenzene, and the hole transport layer. The 48 series uses Νρβ as the material = condition. The directional control characteristic F23 refers to the case of the layer structure of the crystallization control structure: 8. The directional control characteristic m peak ray incidence when the incident 2θ/ω is about 6.8 [deg]. At this time, the crystalline molecular structure 9 of the crystal structure is raised in the vertical direction with respect to the glass substrate 45. 97136288 15 200930144 The appearance ' indicates that the orientation of the crystalline molecules 9 is well controlled. <Verification of Driving Voltage> Fig. 1 and Fig. 12 are diagrams each showing an example of the driving voltage verification result of the organic electric field light-emitting element 3. The materials of the crystalline molecules 9 illustrated in Fig. 11 and Fig. 12 are respectively copper phthalocyanine (Cupc) and thick quinone (Pen1: acene). This verification is performed by verifying how the driving voltage changes in accordance with the combination of the material of the crystalline molecule 9 and the material of the agglomerated molecule under the verification conditions described later. The material of the above-mentioned crystalline molecule 9 is exemplified by copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) and pentacene. On the other hand, in the case of one of the aggregates 5 and γ, the condensed molecules are also exemplified: (1) 2) In the case of molybdenum oxide (Μ〇〇3), (3) is the case of olefin (C6.), and (4) is the case of Alq3. <Verification condition> The film thickness of each layer in the verification is as follows. The film thickness of the first 'anode-like first metal electrode' is in the range of 1 nm to 40 nm. Here, the thickness of the aggregated molecule 7 and the crystalline molecule 9 of the 20ηπ^ orientation control member is 3 nm, and the film of the crystalline molecule 9 is used. The film thickness of the thick 15 coffee hole transport layer 48 is 35 nm, the film thickness of the light emitting layer 49 is 6 〇 n core, and the film thickness of the electron injection layer 51 is 1 nm, and the film thickness of the cathode 52 (second electrode) is 8 Oh. Further, the current density is, for example, 7·5-2, and the luminance of the light-emitting layer 49 is the same in each verification. The results of the verification shown in Fig. U and Fig. 12 are as follows: the material of each layer: anode 97136288 16 200930144 46 (Anode) is made of gold (Au), the crystalline molecule 9 is made of copper phthalocyanine (CuPc), and the luminescent layer 49 is Αίφ. In the electron injection layer 51, Li 〇 2 and cathode 52 (Cathode) are used as Ι δ (Α 1). According to the verification result shown in Fig. 11, the driving voltage of the organic electroluminescence element 3 is as follows. (8) When the condensed molecule is absent, the driving voltage of the organic electroluminescent element 3 is 13.8 [V]. Hereinafter, this driving voltage is referred to as "reference driving voltage". 2[V]. The driving voltage of the organic electroluminescent element 3 is 5.7 [V]. (3) In the case where the material of the agglomerated molecule is Fullerene (Ce.), the driving voltage of the organic electroluminescent element 3 is 5.8 [V]. (4) In the case where the material of the agglomerated molecule is Aiqa, the driving voltage of the organic electroluminescent element 3 is 1 〇. Therefore, when the driving voltage of the agglomerated molecular material using Alq3 is lower than the above reference driving voltage, the luminous efficiency of the organic electroluminescent element 3 as a whole is improved. In addition, the driving voltage of the polymerized molecular material when fullerene (αβ) is used is significantly lower than the driving power when Alqs is used as the agglomerated molecular material. The driving voltage when the molybdenum oxide (Mo〇3) is used as the agglomerated molecular material is also lower than the driving voltage β when the fullerene (Ce) is used as the agglomerated molecular material. Therefore, the driving voltage of the organic electroluminescent element 3 will be in accordance with The order of condensed eight sub-materials is Alq3, although the order of Ceo (Ceo) and key oxide (μ〇〇3) is reduced, except that the anode 46 is made of silver (Ag), and the others are the same as those shown in the figure below. Under the same conditions, when the condensed molecular system is exemplified, "T drive power 97136288 17 200930144 pressure is 5.6 [V]. Here, a brief description will be made on the luminance of the organic light field. The luminance of the junction element 3 according to the verification shown in Fig. 11 is as follows. In the case where the coagulation knife is absent, the glow of the organic electroluminescence element 3 is 270 [cd/m]. (2) In the case where the agglomerated molecular material is a turned oxide (the state of the organic electroluminescent element 3 is 339 [cd/m2]. (3) in the case where the agglomerated molecular material is rich-hearted), the organic electroluminescent element The luminance of 3 is 334 [cd/m2]. (4) In the case where the agglomerated molecular material f is Alq3, the luminance of the organic electroluminescence element 3 is 385 [cd/m2]. On the other hand, according to the verification result of Fig. 12 (4), the driving voltage of the money electric field light-emitting element 3 is as follows.

(1) When the agglomerated molecule is absent, the driving voltage of the organic electroluminescent element 3 is 9. 1 [V]. Hereinafter, this driving voltage is referred to as "reference driving voltage". 。 [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ (3) The condensed molecule (4) is rich in secret. In the case of the organic electric field light-emitting element 3, the "reward money" is 4. (4) In the case where the agglomerated molecular material is Alq3, the organic electroluminescent element 3 _ dynamic voltage is 9 4 [v]. Therefore, when the agglomerated molecular material is driven by the use of fullerenes (4), the driving voltage is much lower than that of the condensed molecular material when Α1φ is used. Moreover, the condensed molecular material is such that the rib oxide_tree _ money is also lower than the condensed molecular material for the use of fullerene ((: one-time driving voltage. 97136288 18 200930144 therefore 'the driving voltage of the organic electroluminescent element 3, According to the order of the agglomerated molecular material, A1q3, Shekang Tianlu (C6.), and steel oxide (M0O3) are reduced. • & Here, the brightness is also briefly explained. According to the verification shown in Figure 12, Ό果' The luminance of the organic electric field illuminating element 3 is as follows. () The case where there is no molecule in the field, the luminescence of the organic electroluminescent element 3 is 5 〇 [Cd/m] ° (2) In the case of cerium oxide (Mo 〇 3 ), the luminance of the organic electroluminescent element 3 is 241 [cd/m 2 ]. (3) When the condensed poly molecular material is fuller ((5), the luminance of the organic electroluminescent element 3 is 265 [Cd/m2] (4) In the case where the agglomerated molecular material is Αίφ, the luminance of the organic electroluminescent element 3 is 371 [cd/m 2 ]. <Verification of Surface Roughness> When the anode on the substrate 45 or the aggregated molecules are present on the anode 46, the surface is thick In addition, in Fig. 13, the glass substrate 45 is omitted. In this verification example, the anode lanthanum is made of gold and is set to have a thickness of 2Q [nm], and the respective molecules are aggregated. The thickness is set to 3 [nm]. First, (1) When there is no agglomerated molecule on the anode 46, the surface roughness Ra of the anode 46 will be 2.6 [nm]. Hereinafter, the surface roughness is referred to as "reference". Surface roughness". With respect to the reference surface roughness, when the agglomerated molecular material on the anode is molybdenum oxide (M〇〇3), the surface roughness is 9·3 [ηιηΚ3) on the anode 46. When the molecular material is fullerene ((:6〇), the surface roughness Ra will be 6.5 [nm]. (4) Condensation on the anode 46 97136288 ιη 200930144 When the molecular material is Alq3, the surface roughness 跬 will be 35 [nm]. In combination with the type of agglomerated molecular material on the anode 46, the surface shape will be different, but no matter what kind of material, it is smaller than the grain size of the Au surface. By inserting a thickness of about 3 coffee The condensed molecule, the surface roughness Ra is increased by 1. 3~3. 6 times. If the reference is mixed The surface roughness R generated by the condensed molecules, the turbulent voltage of the organic electric field light-emitting element 3 will be inversely proportional to the surface roughness Ra. That is, it is known that in the organic electric field light-emitting element 3, the (four) poly-molecule is mixed. The larger the surface fineness Ra generated, the more the contribution to the reduction of the driving voltage is. The organic semiconductor element 3 of the above embodiment is a pair of the i-th metal electrode 46 (anode) and the second electrode 52 (cathode). The electrode includes at least a light-emitting layer 49, a hole injection layer 47 (which takes out a hole from the i-th metal electrode 46), and a hole transport layer 48 (which is layered on the light-emitting layer (10) by the first metal electrode 46. The side 'and the hole taken out by the hole injection layer 4 is transported to the light-emitting layer 49) and the electron injection layer 51 (the layer is laminated on the side of the second electrode 52 of the light-emitting layer 49, from the second The organic semiconductor element 3 in which electrons are taken out from the electrode and supplied to the above-mentioned light-emitting layer, and includes a discontinuous block belonging to the surface layer of the hole injection layer 47 adjacent to the i-th metal electrode 46, and a knives for the crystal f Crystallization control member 8 controlled in 9 directions Matter, agglomerate - sub). If performed in this manner, the crystallization control member 8 (5, 7) is a hole in the contact layer with the i-th metal electrode 46. The surface layer will become a concavo-convex shape 97136288 20 200930144 in accordance with the surface of the surface layer Roughness controls the orientation. Therefore, the hole is taken out from the first metal electrode 46 and transferred to electricity, and it becomes easy to pass into the fade-in layer 47, and the driving power of the entire organic semiconductor element 3 is lower than that of the prior art. Further, since the organic semiconductor element 3 operates in accordance with a low driving voltage, the load on the element itself can be reduced, and as a result, the life of the element can be further extended by the conventional technique. In the organic semiconductor device 3 of the above-described embodiment, in addition to the above-described structure, the 0-crystal control member 8 controls the crystal direction of at least one of the planar molecules and the rod-shaped branches of the crystalline molecules 9. In this manner, in the crystallization control member 8, the orientation of at least one of the planar bifurcation or the rod-shaped molecules is controlled, and the driving voltage can be suppressed. In the organic semiconductor device 3 of the above-described embodiment, in addition to the above-described structure, the crystal control member 8 is an aggregate 5 and 7 which can be formed in a concavo-convex shape on the surface layer of the hole injecting layer 47. The right side is carried out in such a manner that the crystal control members 5, 7 are adjusted in accordance with the aggregates 5, 7 to be mixed therein! The surface roughness of the metal electrode 46 and the hole injection layer controls the orientation of the crystalline molecules 9, and the driving voltage can be lowered. In the organic semiconductor device 3 of the embodiment described above, the crystal control member 8 is different from the above-described structure, and is different from the agglomerated molecules constituting the molecules of the hole injection layer core material. In this manner, the crystal control members 5 and 7 adjust the surface roughness of the first metal electrode 46 and the hole injection layer 47 by blending the 97136288 21 200930144 agglomerated molecules, thereby controlling the crystalline molecules 9 Orientation, 俾 can reduce the drive voltage. In the organic semiconductor device 3 of the above-described embodiment, Mo〇3 (indium oxide) of the above-mentioned aggregated molecules is also mixed in addition to the above structure. As described above, when Mo 〇 3 is contained in the crystallization controlling member, the surface roughness of the surface layer of the first metal electrode 46 (anode) is increased, and the relationship between the ith metal electrode 46 and the second electrode 52 can be suppressed by a conventional technique. The applied driving voltage. Further, when the crystal control member 8 is made of Mo〇3, the HO〇 energy level or the LUM0 energy level of the M〇〇3 molecule is close to the H〇M〇 energy level or the LUM0 energy level of the condensed pentabenzene molecule, With the H 〇 M 〇 energy level or LM 〇 energy level of the molecule of the second metal electrode 46, the driving voltage can be suppressed. In the semiconductor device 3 of the above-described embodiment, in addition to the above structure, C6 〇 (Fuller) of the above-mentioned aggregated molecules is mixed.如此 Thus, if the crystallization control member contains α. The surface roughness of the surface layer of the first metal electrode 46 is increased, so that the driving voltage to be applied between the second metal electrode 46 and the second electrode 52 can be suppressed by a conventional technique. Further, if the crystallization control member 8 is C6. As a material, due to the "Η〇Μ〇 energy level or LUM0 energy level of the molecule, close to the Η〇Μ〇 energy level or LUM 〇 energy level of the fused pentacene molecule, and the H 〇 M of the first metal electrode 46 molecule The driving energy can be suppressed by the 〇 energy level or the LUM 〇 energy level. In the semiconductor device 3 of the above embodiment, the above-mentioned aggregation molecules are mixed with 97136288 22 200930144

Alq3. Thus, if the crystal control member 8 contains Α1φ, the second metal electrode 46. The surface roughness of the surface layer is increased, and the driving force applied to the second metal electrode 46 and the second electrode 52 can be suppressed by a conventional technique. Voltage. In addition, if the crystallization control member is made of Αΐφ, the H〇M〇month b or LUM0 energy level of the Alq3 molecule is close to the H〇M〇 energy level or LM〇 energy level of the fused pentabenzene molecule, and The HOMO level or the LUM0 level of the first metal electrode 46 molecule, thus suppressing the driving voltage. In the organic semiconductor device 3 of the above-described embodiment, in addition to the above configuration, the first metal electrode 46 is either gold, silver or copper. In this manner, if the first metal electrode 46 is made of, for example, gold, the orientation of the crystalline molecules 9 is well controlled, and the driving voltage can be lowered. In addition to the above-described structure, the organic semiconductor device 3 of the above-described embodiment is characterized in that the hole injection layer 47 contains CuPc. By performing in this manner, the driving voltage to be applied between the first metal electrode 46 and the second electrode 52 can be lowered, and the life of the organic semiconductor element 3 can be extended. In addition to the above-described structure, the organic semiconductor device 3 of the above-described embodiment is characterized in that the hole injection layer 47 contains condensed pentene. By carrying out in this manner, the driving voltage to be applied between the first metal electrode 46 and the second electrode 52 can be lowered, and the life of the organic element 97136288 23 200930144 can be extended. In addition to the above-described structure, the organic semiconductor device 3 of the above-described embodiment further includes a first metal electrode 46, a hole injection layer, a layer 47, a hole transport layer 48, and a light-emitting layer 49, which are sequentially stacked from the lower layer. The electron injection layer 51 and the substrate 45' of the second electrode 52 and the agglomerated molecules have an orientation of not more than 10 degrees and not more than 90 degrees with respect to the substrate milk. According to this aspect, when the agglomerated molecules having such an orientation are mixed, since the injection rate of the first metal electrode 46 and the hole injection layer 47 is good, the i-th metal electrode 46 and the second electrode can be made. The driving voltage of 52 is reduced to a low voltage. In addition to the above-described structure, the organic semiconductor device 3 of the above-described embodiment may be an organic material (CM fullerene, a carbon nanotube, a ruthenium or the like) or a fluoride-based material. Lithium fluoride, etc., metal oxides (for example, 111〇0*1031, 1403^110*, etc.), gaseous molecules (oxygen oxime, etc.), self-assembled films (SAM films, etc.), metals, Any of nano-colloids of oxides. By carrying out in this manner, the driving voltage to be applied between the first metal electrode 46 and the second electrode 52 can be lowered, and the life of the organic semiconductor element 3 can be extended. In the organic semiconductor device 3 of the above-described embodiment, in addition to the above-described structure, the discontinuous block system covers a film having a surface ratio of the first metal electrode 46 of 1% or more and less than 100%. 97136288 24 200930144 If performed in this manner, electrical conduction between the second metal electrode 46 and the hole injection layer 47 can be ensured, and a driving voltage to be applied between the i-th metal electrode 46 and the second electrode 52 can be applied. Low voltage. In the organic semiconductor device 3 of the above-described embodiment, in addition to the above-described structure, the light-emitting layer 49 outputs visible light by an electric field generated by applying an applied voltage between the i-th metal electrode 46 and the second electrode 52. According to this aspect, the crystal control members 5 and 7 are formed in a concave-convex shape along the surface of the hole injection layer 47 which is in contact with the first metal electrode 46, and are controlled in accordance with the surface roughness of the surface layer. Orientation. Therefore, the hole is taken out from the first metal anode 46 and easily moved into the electrode injection layer 47. Even if the organic semiconductor element 3 outputs visible light of the same level as the conventional technique, the driving voltage of the whole can be compared. The technology is known to be low voltage. Further, since such an organic semiconductor element 3 operates in accordance with a low driving voltage, the load on the element itself can be alleviated, and as a result, the life of the element can be further extended by the conventional technique. The display panel of the above-described embodiment includes a display panel having an organic semiconductor element 3 between the pair of electrodes of the second metal electrode 46 (anode) and the second electrode 52 (cathode), at least The light-emitting layer 49, the hole injection layer 47 (which takes out the hole from the first metal electrode 46), and the hole transport layer 48 (the layer of the light-emitting layer 49 on the side of the first metal electrode 46 (anode)) And the hole taken out by the hole injection layer 47 is supplied to the light-emitting layer 49) and the electron injection layer 51 (which is layered on the side of the second electrode 52 from the light-emitting layer 49 97136288 25 200930144) from the second electrode 52 The electrons are taken out and supplied to the light-emitting layer 49); wherein the organic semiconductor element 3 contains crystal control components (aggregates, agglomerates), and the crystal control members (aggregates, agglomerates, molecules) are adjacent The surface of the hole transport layer 48 of the first metal electrode 46 belongs to a discontinuous block along the surface layer of the hole injection layer 47, and controls the direction of the crystalline molecules 9. In this manner, the crystal control members 5 and 7 are formed into a concavo-convex shape along the surface of the hole injection layer 47 which is in contact with the first metal crucible electrode 46, and the orientation is performed in accordance with the surface roughness of the surface layer. control. Therefore, the hole is taken out from the first metal electrode 46 and easily moved to the hole injection layer 47, whereby the entire organic semiconductor element 3 of the display panel can be driven with a voltage lower than that of the prior art. Further, since such an organic semiconductor element 3 is operated in accordance with a low driving voltage, the load on the element itself can be alleviated, and as a result, the life of the element can be further extended than the conventional technique. © The display panel in which the organic semiconductor element 3 is built in, since the driving voltage of each of the organic semiconductor elements 3 can be lowered, the power consumption can be reduced as a whole. In addition to the above-described structure, the display panel has the same structure as that of the organic semiconductor device 3 of the first embodiment, and exhibits the same effects as those of the organic semiconductor device 3. <Second Embodiment> In the second embodiment, a solar cell having substantially the same structure as that of the organic semiconductor device according to the first embodiment is exemplified. Therefore, in the second embodiment, the same components and operations as those in Figs. 1 to 12 of the first embodiment are used in the same configuration and operation, and the description of the portions is omitted. The following description is only for the difference. The center is explained. In the organic solar cell of the embodiment, the light-emitting layer 49 is present in the organic semiconductor device 3 of the first embodiment, and a photoelectric conversion layer made of an organic material is present at the same position of the light-emitting layer 49. The photoelectric conversion layer has a function of separating excitons generated at the boundary surface between the P-type material and the _ material which absorb light into holes and electric charges. Further, in the basic structure of the organic solar cell, the hole injection layer 47, the hole transport layer 48, and the electron injection layer 51 which are laminated on the organic semiconductor element 3 are not present, and instead the electrons are replaced. The transport layer is laminated on the cathode 52 (second electrode) side of the photoelectric conversion layer. The electron transporting layer has a function of taking out electric charges from the photoelectric conversion layer and transmitting them to the cathode. The organic solar battery system includes a crystal control member belonging to a discontinuous block of the surface layer of the photoelectric conversion layer adjacent to the anode (the i-th metal-electrode) and controlling the direction of the crystalline molecules. Here, the "crystal control member" has the function of improving the injection rate in the same manner as the structure and structure of the crystal control member 8 in the first embodiment. That is, the crystallization controlling member contains, for example, C6. Condensed molecules. The layers of the organic solar cell may be in the following order in accordance with the order of the anode 46, the crystal control member, the P-type material of the photoelectric conversion layer, the N-type material of the photoelectric conversion layer, the electron transport layer, and the cathode 52. In addition, 97136288 27 200930144 The symbol "/" refers to the boundary of each layer.

Au/Ceo/CuPc/Ceo/Alqa/Ag. In addition, Ce is used as an N-type material (block material). , is different from the above. The continuous control of the crystallization control member. The N-type material of the above photoelectric conversion layer has the function of a solar cell, but also has the function of injecting a generated hole into an anode & The P-type material of the above photoelectric conversion layer is also referred to as "organic electron-donating material (or organic electron donor layer)". The organic electron donor constituting the organic electron donor layer (also referred to as a "P-type layer") is provided before the charge carriers are holes and materials exhibiting p-type semiconductor characteristics, and the rest are not particularly limits. Specifically, the organic electron-donating system can be obtained by using, for example, an oligomer or a polymer having a thiophene and a derivative thereof on the skeleton, and a phenyiene vinyiene on the skeleton and An oligomer or polymer derived from a ruthenium, a polymer or a polymer having thienyl ene vinylene and a derivative thereof on the skeleton, and an ethylene taste on the skeleton. 1^1〇31^ ^2〇16) a polymer or polymer of a derivative thereof, an oligomer or polymer having a pyrrole and a derivative thereof, and an acetylene and a derivative thereof on the skeleton An oligomer or a polymer, a polymer or polymer having isothianaphene and a derivative thereof, a polymer having a polymer such as heptadiene and a derivative thereof, or a polymer; Cyanine, metal phthalocyanines and such derivatives, two 97136288 28 200930144 diamines, triphenyl diamines and derivatives thereof; acenes and their derivatives Physician; porphyrin (tetramethyl porphyrin), tetraphenyl porphyrin, diazo-tetrabenz porphyrin, monoaz〇-tetrabenz porphyrin, azidotetraphenyl Triazo-tetrabenz porphyrin, octaethyl porphyrin, octadecyl-alkyltihio porphyrazine, octadecylamine arsenazo (octa-alkylamino porphyrazine), hemiporphyrazine, chlorophyll, etc., metal-free porphyrin or metal phthalocyanine and its derivatives; cyanin pigment, melocyanine, benzoquinone Low-molecules such as naphthoquinone and other quinone pigments. The central metal system of metal phthalocyanine or metal porphyrin can use metals such as magnesium, zinc, copper, silver, aluminum, lanthanum, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, tin, turn, lead, etc. Metal oxides, metal halides. Further, in particular, it is preferable that an organic material having an absorption band exists in the visible light region (3 〇〇 nm to 9 〇〇 nm). On the other hand, the N-type material of the above photoelectric conversion layer is also called "organic electron accepting material (organic electron acceptor layer)". In the present embodiment, the electron acceptor which constitutes the electron acceptor layer (hereinafter referred to as an n-type layer) is removed before the material belonging to the electron carrier and the material exhibiting the n-type semiconductor property. There are no special restrictions on the rest. 97136288 29 200930144 Specifically, the electron accepting system of the organic electron acceptor layer can be obtained by using, for example, an oligomer or a polymer having a pyridine and a derivative thereof, and a quinine on the skeleton. Oligomer or polymer of quin〇line and its derivatives, ladder polymer produced by benzo-Phenanthrol ine and its derivatives, cyanidation Polystyrene

高分子 (cyan〇-P〇iyPhenyiene-vinylene) and other polymers, fluorinated metal-free phthalocyanine, metal fluoride phthalocyanine and its derivatives, (10) post (four)) and its derivatives, naphthalene derivatives, bath 〇cupr〇ine, low molecules such as BCp and its derivatives. Further, for example, it is possible to repair or unmodified fullerene, carbon nanotubes and the like. Further, as in the above case, it is particularly preferable that an organic material having an absorption band exists in the visible light region (300 nm to 900 nm). Such an organic solar cell, which is incident from the outside (hereinafter referred to as "external light"), passes through the transparent substrate 45 and the anode 46' to reach the photoelectric conversion layer. The photoelectric conversion layer stores an electron-donating material or an electron-accepting material which has an absorption spectrum in the spectrum of sunlight, and absorbs sunlight. For example, if light is absorbed by an electron-donating material, an exciton (4) charge-dissociation condition is generated to generate electrons and a system. Here, the electrons are transferred to the electronic material and then transferred from the cathode 52 to the electrons in the anode 46 through the external electric power, and combined with the hole of the electron-donating material =, and the state is called a state of wealth. By repeating this movement of 97136288 30 200930144, the organic solar cell removes electrical energy from the anode 46 and cathode 52. Fig. 14 and Fig. 15 show an example of voltage and current density characteristics of an organic solar cell. Fig. 14 is a view showing an example of voltage current density characteristics of the organic solar battery of the second embodiment, and Fig. 15 shows an example of voltage current density characteristics of a general organic solar battery to be compared. In Fig. 14 and Fig. 15, the solid line refers to a dimly lit state around the organic solar cell, and the single-dot chain line refers to a bright state around the organic solar cell (irradiation amount 100 [nW/cm2]). Further, the horizontal axis refers to the voltage v[v], and the vertical axis refers to the current density Id [mA/cm2]. Each parameter is set to: π isc=〇 4〇[%],

Voc = 0.54 [V], Jsc: 1. 65 [mA/cm2], FF: 0. 53 〇 <Materials and thickness of each layer of the organic solar cell of the second embodiment> Organic sun of the second embodiment In the battery, on the substrate 45, sequentially stacked from the anode 46, for example: Ag (15 nm) / C6D (3 nm) / CuPc (; 4 () nm:) © / C6 〇 (40 nm) / Alq3 (l〇 Nm) / Ag (50 nm). In addition, '/' refers to the division of each layer. As shown in Fig. 14, the organic solar battery of the second embodiment is provided with a difference in light amount between the darkness ("dark" (not shown)) and the bright (representative "bright"). The electromotive force Vg[V]. The reason why the electromotive force vg[v] is generated in this way is the same as the second embodiment, and the orientation is controlled between the anode 46 and the hole transport layer 48. <Material and thickness of each layer of general organic solar cell> 97136288 31 200930144 A general organic solar cell is laminated on a substrate 45, for example, Ag (15 nm) / CuPc (40 nm) / C6G (3 nm) is laminated from the anode 46. /Alq3(l〇nm)/

Ag (50 nm). In addition, "/" means the division of each layer. On the other hand, as shown in Fig. 15, the general organic solar cell system has a small difference in light between the above-mentioned surroundings (the "dark" (not shown) and the bright (the corresponding "bright"). An electromotive force Vg[v] as described above is generated. ❹

The reason why the electromotive force Vg [V] does not occur is that the orientation between the anode 46 and the hole transporting layer 48 is not controlled. The organic solar cell according to the second embodiment is provided with at least a photoelectric conversion layer between the pair of electrodes of the second metal electrode 46 (anode) and the second electrode 52 (cathode) (which is to absorb light p) The excitons generated by the boundary surface between the type material and the N-type material are separated into holes and charges, and the electron transport layer (which is laminated on the side of the second electrode 52 of the photoelectric conversion layer, and from the photoelectric conversion layer An organic solar cell in which electrons are taken out and supplied to the second electrode 52); wherein 'includes: a discontinuous block belonging to the surface layer of the photoelectric conversion layer adjacent to the first metal electrode 46, and controls the direction of the crystalline molecule 9 The clock control member 8 (5, 7). If it is carried out in this manner, since the crystallization control member 8 (5, 7) is controlled in accordance with the surface roughness (rQUghness) of the surface layer, it is easy to take out the charge from the photoelectric conversion layer and move it to the cathode 52. . Therefore, if the voltage generated between the first metal electrode 46 and the second electrode 52 is higher, the conventional technology can improve the power generation efficiency as compared with the conventional technology. In addition, because 97136288 32 200930144, such an organic solar cell will operate according to a low driving voltage, thereby reducing the load on the component itself, and the result can extend the life of the component more than the conventional technology. The battery is provided with the same structure as that of the organic semiconductor element 3 of the above-described first embodiment, except that the light-emitting layer 49 is replaced with the photoelectric conversion layer, and substantially the same effect can be obtained. ❹ In addition, the present embodiment is not limited to the above, but may be variously changed. Hereinafter, such a variation will be described in order. In the above embodiment, the aggregating molecule may be replaced by, for example, LiF instead of the above M〇〇3. Further, as the crystalline molecule 9, for example, hexathiophene-36 and 1:1^0卩116116) (611) can also be used. In the above embodiment, the anode 46 is a transparent or translucent electrode, but it is not limited to this and may be opaque. ® The above-mentioned solid-state towel, the anode 46 is mainly made of gold (Au) as a material, but is not limited thereto, except for the oxide semiconductor such as silver, copper, ιτ〇 or ΙΖ0 described above. It can be any of such as face, pin, inscription, inorganic compound or fluoride. ~ In the above embodiment, the above-mentioned aggregated molecular system may be, for example, an organic material such as c6q (Fuller), a carbon nanotube, or ALq3, or a vapor-based material such as (10) (gasification clock); Mo〇x, W〇x Metal oxides such as Ti0x and Zn0x (x-based integers); gas molecules such as oxygen; self-assembled films such as SAM films; and ones selected from the group consisting of metals and oxides, 97136288 33 200930144 m. The configuration of each of the organic semiconductor elements 3 of the above embodiment can be used for a switching element such as an organic material, that is, a so-called organic switching element. Such an organic switching element is exemplified by an organic transistor. If it is carried out in this manner, substantially the same effects as those of the above embodiment can be obtained. In the above embodiment, the driving voltage can be lowered by controlling the orientation between the anode 46 and the hole transport layer 48, but it is not limited thereto, and the implementation is substantially the same as the above except that the layer structure of each layer is reversed. In the form, the orientation between the cathode 52 and the electron transport layer 50 is controlled to lower the driving voltage. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the organic semiconductor which is controlled by orientation has a molecular structure such as a planarity or a rod shape in which a material other than amorphous material is used. In the above-described embodiment, the aggregated material 5' such as agglomerated molecules partially covered by the first metal electrode (anode) 46 is not necessarily required to be coated at a rate of 1% or more from the beginning when the organic semiconductor element 3 or the organic Φ solar cell is manufactured. For example, the flat aggregate 5 may be manufactured so as to cover the entire surface of the first metal electrode 46 (the coverage ratio is 100%), and then, for example, etching or scratching may be used. Make the coverage rate less than 100%. In the above-described embodiment, the aggregated molecules are mixed in the surface layer such as the hole/injection layer 47 facing the first metal electrode 46. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the same applies to the substrate 45 and the first metal electrode 46. The structure is controlled and the orientation control is performed, and the same effect as that of the above embodiment is also obtained. 34 97136288 200930144 The condensed molecular system of the above embodiment increases the injection efficiency when the HOMO energy level approaches the HOMO energy level of the substrate 45 or the HOMO energy level of the controlled oriented crystalline molecule 9. HOMO energy system of each material: Au (5. l[eV]),

CuPC (5. l[eV]), pentacene (5. l[ey]), μ〇〇3 (5·3[eV]), C6〇(6. 0[eV]), Alq3 (5. 9[eV]), LiF(> 7[eV]). In the above embodiment, the surface of the hole/main entrance layer 47 that is in contact with the first metal electrode 46 is formed into a concavo-convex shape, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Further, for example, a nano-structure may be present. The form of (fine particles). In this case, the structure may be, for example, a so-called nano-pattern structure or a honeycomb structure. Here, the "nano pattern structure" means a pattern in which particles having a size of several nm are dispersed to form a concavo-convex shape. In the organic semiconductor element 3 or the organic solar cell of the above-described embodiment, in addition to the above structure, the discontinuous block may have a structure having an uneven shape. In such a manner, by having such a structure having a concavo-convex shape, the surface roughness of the surface layer such as the hole injection layer 47 which is in contact with the first metal electrode 46 is increased, so that the second metal can be used. The driving voltage to be applied between the electrode 46 and the second electrode 52 is reduced in voltage. In the organic semiconductor element 3 or the organic solar cell of the above-described embodiment, in addition to the above structure, the structure is a nano pattern structure or a honeycomb structure. By performing the structure of the structure or the honeycomb structure constructed by such a nano pattern in this manner, the hole injection layer 47 of the contact surface with the i-th metal electrode 46 97136288 35 200930144 can be increased. The surface roughness of the surface layer makes it possible to suppress the driving voltage applied between the first metal electrode 46 and the second electrode 52. In the above-described embodiment, the 'highly crystalline molecule (that is, the material molecule which is not easily a non-ruthenium) may be, for example, an ugly derivative containing CuPc: an anthracene derivative such as PTCBI, or pentacene. An aromatic condensed polycyclic derivative, (iv) an isoprene derivative, or the like. Further, such a highly crystalline material is not necessarily a low molecular lanthanide material, and a ruthenium molecular material such as P3HT may also be used. Further, in the above-mentioned organic semiconductor element 3, when the anode 46 and the cathode 52 are at a positive voltage, external current can be used to conduct current, and it can also be used as a sensor. In the above embodiment, the organic semiconductor element 3 or the like is laminated in the order of the substrate 45, the anode 46, the agglomerated molecular layer, the hole injection layer 47, the hole transport layer finger, etc., but is not limited thereto, and may be as follows The layered structure described. The term "agglomerated molecular layer" as used herein refers to a portion of the above-described embodiment (4) in which the crystal control member 8 for controlling the orientation between the anode 46 and the hole injection layer 47 is controlled. In the laminated structure of the laminated structure A, the organic semiconductor element 3, and the like, only the laminated structure from the substrate 45 to the front of the hole injection layer 47, etc., the interval of each layer is represented by "/", which is simple. The layer after the relevant hole transport layer 48 is omitted. Laminated Example 1: Substrate 45/Coherent Molecular Layer/Metal Layer (corresponding to anode 46) Laminated Example 2: Nanoconcave substrate (function of substrate 45 and agglomerated molecules, 97136288 36 200930144 equivalent to substrate 45) / metal layer ( Anode 46) Laminated Example 3: Substrate 45/nano-convex metal layer (corresponding to anode 46). Laminated Example 4: Substrate 45/nanostructure/metal layer (corresponding to anode 46). Laminated Example 5: Substrate 45/ Metal layer (corresponding to anode 46)/nano structure. In the above embodiment, for example, when a method of mixing planar cohesive molecules by vapor deposition is employed, the vapor deposition rate of the aggregated molecules may be determined according to a predetermined state. Make changes. In the above embodiment, an example of the thickness T of the crystal control member 8 is described as 3 nm. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and other suitable thicknesses may be set depending on the relationship with each layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of an organic electric field light-emitting device of a display panel of a first embodiment. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a configuration in which a specific range shown in Fig. 1 is enlarged. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a structure in which a specific range shown in Fig. 1 is enlarged. Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example 0' in which the specific fe circumference shown in Fig. 1 is enlarged. Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a structure in which the specific range shown in Fig. 1 is enlarged. Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a structure 97136288 37 200930144 when the specific range shown in Fig. 1 is enlarged. Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a structure in which a specific range shown in Fig. 1 is enlarged. Fig. 8 is an example of verification results of directional control by X-ray diffraction. Fig. 9 is an example of verification results of directional control by X-ray diffraction. Fig. 10 is an example of verification results of directional control by X-ray diffraction. Fig. 11 is a view showing an example of the result of verification of the driving voltage of the organic electroluminescent device. Fig. 12 is a view showing an example of the result of verification of the driving voltage of the organic electroluminescent device. Fig. 13 is a view showing an example of verification of the surface roughness of the anode on the glass substrate or on the anode in the presence of each agglomerated molecule. Fig. 14 is a view showing an example of voltage current density characteristics of the organic solar battery of the second embodiment. ❹ Figure 15 is a diagram showing an example of voltage-current density characteristics of a general organic solar cell. [Explanation of main component symbols] 3 Organic electric field light-emitting element (organic semiconductor element) 5 Aggregate (crystallization control member) 7 Aggregate (crystallization control member) 8 Crystal control member 9 Crystalline molecule 97136288 38 200930144 45 Glass substrate 46 Anode (No. 1 metal electrode) 47 hole injection layer 48 » hole transport layer 49 light-emitting layer 50 electron transport layer 51 electron injection layer 〇 52 cathode (second electrode) F10~F13, F20~F23 directional control characteristics Θ 1 orientation angle W specific Range T Thickness ❹ 97136288 39

Claims (1)

200930144 VII. Patent Application Range: 1. An organic semiconductor device comprising at least a light-emitting layer between a pair of electrodes of a first metal electrode and a second electrode; a hole injection layer of the first a hole is taken out from the metal electrode; the hole transport layer 'which is laminated on the first metal electrode side of the light-emitting layer' and supplied to the light-emitting layer by the hole taken out by the hole injection layer; An electron injection layer laminated on the second electrode side of the light-emitting layer, and extracting electrons from the second electrode and supplying the light to the light-emitting layer; the organic semiconductor device thus formed is characterized in that the crystal has a crystal control The member is a discontinuous block along the surface of the electric/identical main layer adjacent to the first metal electrode, and controls the direction of the crystalline molecules. The organic semiconductor device according to claim i, wherein the crystal control member controls a crystal direction of the planar molecule and the rod-shaped molecule of the crystalline molecule to the >. 3. The organic semiconductor device according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the above-mentioned day control member is an aggregate in which a concavo-convex shape is formed on a surface layer of the hole injection layer. 4. The organic semiconductor device according to claim 3, wherein the crystal control member is a condensed molecule different from the material constituting the hole injection layer of 97136288 200930144. 5. The organic semiconductor device of claim 4, wherein the above-mentioned agglomerated molecule is mixed with Mo〇3. 6. The organic semiconductor device of claim 4, wherein the agglomerated molecules are mixed into the Ceo. 7. The organic semiconductor device according to claim 4, wherein the above-mentioned agglomerated molecules are mixed. The organic semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein the first metal electrode contains gold, silver or copper. 9. The organic semiconductor device of claim 8, wherein the hole injection layer contains CuPc. 10. The organic semiconductor device of claim 8, wherein the hole injection layer contains pentacene. 11. The organic semiconductor device of claim 4, wherein the condensed molecular organic material, the fluoride material, the metal oxide, the gas molecule, the self-assembled film, and the metal Any of the oxide colloids. 12. The organic semiconductor device according to claim 4, wherein the first metal electrode, the hole injection layer, the hole transport layer, the light-emitting layer, and the electron injection layer are sequentially stacked from a lower layer. The substrate of the second electrode; and the agglomerated molecule has an orientation of 1 degree or more and 9 degrees 97 97136288 41 200930144 or less with respect to the substrate. The organic semiconductor device according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the discontinuous system covers a film having a surface ratio of the first metal electrode of 1% or more and less than 100%. 14. The organic semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein the discontinuous block system has a structure having an uneven shape. 15. The organic semiconductor component of claim 14, wherein the above-mentioned structure is a nano® structure or a honeycomb structure. 16. The organic semiconductor device according to claim 2, wherein the light-emitting layer of the first embodiment emits visible light by an electric field generated by applying electrical breakdown between the second metal electrode and the second electrode. The organic solar cell is provided between at least a pair of electrodes of the second metal electrode and the second electrode, and has at least: 'the electric conversion layer, which is to be on the boundary surface between the P-type material and the N-type material that absorb light. The generated excitons (excit〇n) are separated into holes and charges; and the electron transport layer 'which is laminated on the second electrode side of the photoelectric conversion layer' to take out the charges from the photoelectric conversion layer and deliver the above charges An organic solar cell as described above, comprising: a crystal control member which is a discontinuous block along a surface layer of the photoelectric conversion layer adjacent to the j-th metal electrode, and controls a crystal orientation. 97136288 42 200930144 18. A display panel comprising: a display panel having an organic semiconductor element, wherein the organic semiconductor element is provided with at least a light-emitting layer between a pair of electrodes of the first metal electrode and the second electrode; a hole injection layer for taking out a hole from the first metal electrode; and a hole transport layer laminated on the first metal electrode side of the light-emitting layer and taking out the electricity extracted by the hole injection layer a hole for supplying the light-emitting layer; and an electron injection layer laminated on the second electrode side of the light-emitting layer, and extracting electrons from the second electrode and supplying the light to the light-emitting layer; The organic semiconductor device includes a crystal control member that is a discontinuous block along the surface layer of the hole injection layer adjacent to the first metal electrode, and controls a crystal molecular direction. 97136288 43