200926256 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 燈管發光原理是將汞蒸氣灌入燈管内，讓電能 激發汞蒸氣而產生的高能的紫外光，投射在燈管内 的螢光塗料，而最後反射出近日光顏色的照明燈 色，因此汞蒸氣是燈管製造業不可或缺的材料。由 於汞的密度高達13.59,加上本身表面張力很大， 〇 因此不易對汞做定量控制，一般燈管製業者造汞蒸 氣作法，先將汞與其他金屬混合製造成汞齊，再對 汞齊做定量控制，之後將汞齊加以高熱，最後汞齊 氣化生成汞蒸氣。 【先前技術】 螢光燈管或日光燈管的發亮都需要搭配微量汞 蒸氣與螢光粉做激發，一般製造燈管用的汞量標 ❹ 準，約每一盞日光燈約2〜4毫克加上0.3毫克的誤 差，才能生成足夠量的汞蒸氣。一般用來製造汞蒸 氣的汞齊，為一禮汞與其他金屬所混合出的物質， * 在汞齊受熱製造汞蒸氣的過程中，常受熱不完全的 問題，很難將全部的汞齊完全氣化成為汞蒸氣，仍 會在加熱製造過程中，殘留多餘的汞齊，所以不好 控制汞實際上的使用量，而生成的汞蒸氣量也因此 產生偏差，也會造成環境二次污染。 200926256 每一盞燈内的汞蒸氣含量若是偏差太大，在整 個發光過程中，呈現的亮度會有明顯差異，因此在 燈管製造上，不容易控制每一盞燈的亮度。所以燈 管製造業者，需要花費繁瑣的製程，對汞的使用量 下一番功夫控制，才能避免生成的汞蒸氣量差異過 大，而使得燈管在亮度上明顯不一。 基於上述問題可以清楚知道，若是能有效控制 、❹ 汞或汞蒸氣的使用量，就能有效掌握每一盞燈的生 ； 產品質。 【發明目的】 本發係一種内含汞柱之玻璃管與製造方法，利 用玻璃管的容積，對汞做微量控制，應用在燈管製 造上所需的汞蒸氣生成材料上，目的減少燈管製程 上，因汞量控制而影響燈管亮度一致的問題。 ❿ 除此之外，利用玻璃管作為盛裝汞的材料，可 ^ 用輻射加熱方式，可對管内的汞受熱，只要加熱溫 - 度維持在攝氏356.73度以上，管内的汞就會完全氣 化成汞蒸氣，不會有汞殘留在管内，可排除汞的二 次污染的問題。 【發明内容】 汞是高密度的液態金屬，其密度高達13.59， 200926256 表面張力也比一般液態物質大得許多，容易產生顆 粒狀且大小不一的液態汞珠，因此，汞在應用上始 終很難做到定量控制，尤其在微量使用的控制上。 通*要將汞與其他金屬混合，以改變汞原來的物理 性質，才能在應用上做使用量的控制，否則將很難 精確掌握汞的實際用量。 本發明係一種内含汞柱之玻璃管與製造方法， ❼ Μ用玻璃管的容冑’以達到汞在微量使用上的控 制。由於精密材料製造在技術上的普及，要製造出 管内長為5mm、官内直徑為〇. 2min以及管外彳查約為 的玻璃管，已經不是製造技術上的難題。將玻 璃營投定在管内長為5mm、管内直徑為〇 · 2mm以及 管外徑約為lmm的尺寸’如圖一所示，原因在於過 _ 去在燈g製程上，母盞日光燈用汞的平均用量約2 〜4宅克，容許正負0.3毫克的誤差範圍，而管内 長為5mm、管内直徑為〇 2mm以及管外徑為的 破璃笞，其谷積為〇·〇57Γ=〇· 157mm3。玻璃管的容 積為〇·〇5;τ与0.157则13,可盛裝的汞量約為2 13毫 克，恰巧符合燈管在製造的平均使用量的範圍。單 破璃管口的設計，為了是利用大氣壓力，從管口 對管内的汞柱施壓，使汞柱不因玻璃管口朝下而流 200926256 出，因此玻璃管口設計 處理過程也使管内徑往 上不宜過大，而管口的平滑 内縮小，更能防止汞柱流出。 最後用以輻射加熱方式，對管内的汞柱加熱， 可將采完全氣化成采蒸氣，不會有汞殘留在管内的 問題，改善過去利用對采齊加熱產生汞蒸氣的方 法，最後會有汞殘留在管内的問題。此外，利用且200926256 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field of invention] The principle of light-emitting of a lamp is a high-energy ultraviolet light generated by injecting mercury vapor into a lamp tube, allowing electric energy to excite mercury vapor, and a fluorescent paint projected in the lamp tube. In the end, the color of the lamp is reflected in the near-sunlight color, so mercury vapor is an indispensable material for the lamp manufacturing industry. Because the density of mercury is as high as 13.59, and its surface tension is very large, it is not easy to quantitatively control mercury. Generally, light control manufacturers use mercury vapor to mix mercury with other metals to make amalgam. After quantitative control, the amalgam is heated to a high degree, and finally the amalgam is vaporized to form mercury vapor. [Prior Art] Fluorescent tubes or fluorescent tubes need to be ignited with trace amounts of mercury vapor and phosphor powder. Generally, the amount of mercury used in the manufacture of lamps is about 2 to 4 milligrams per fluorescent lamp. A 0.3 mg error is required to generate a sufficient amount of mercury vapor. The amalgam, which is generally used to make mercury vapor, is a mixture of mercury and other metals. * In the process of producing mercury vapor by amalgam heating, it is often incompletely heated, and it is difficult to completely remove all amalgam. Gasification becomes mercury vapor, and excess amalgam remains in the heating process. Therefore, it is difficult to control the actual amount of mercury used, and the amount of mercury vapor generated is also deviated, which also causes secondary pollution of the environment. 200926256 If the mercury vapor content in each lamp is too large, the brightness will be significantly different during the entire illumination process. Therefore, it is not easy to control the brightness of each lamp in the manufacture of the lamp. Therefore, the lamp manufacturer needs to spend a cumbersome process, and the use of mercury should be controlled to avoid excessive difference in the amount of mercury vapor generated, which makes the lamp significantly different in brightness. Based on the above problems, it can be clearly seen that if the amount of mercury or mercury vapor used can be effectively controlled, the quality of each lamp can be effectively grasped. [Invention] The present invention relates to a glass tube and a manufacturing method for containing a mercury column, which utilizes the volume of a glass tube to perform minute control on mercury, and is applied to a mercury vapor generating material required for lamp manufacturing, in order to reduce the number of tubes. In the process, the brightness of the lamp is affected by the control of the amount of mercury. ❿ In addition, the glass tube can be used as a material for mercury, and the radiant heating method can be used to heat the mercury in the tube. As long as the heating temperature is maintained at 356.73 degrees Celsius, the mercury in the tube is completely vaporized into mercury. Vapor, there will be no mercury remaining in the tube, which can eliminate the secondary pollution of mercury. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Mercury is a high-density liquid metal with a density as high as 13.59. 200926256 The surface tension is also much larger than that of ordinary liquid substances. It is easy to produce liquid mercury beads of different sizes and sizes. Therefore, mercury is always used in applications. It is difficult to achieve quantitative control, especially in the control of micro-use. It is necessary to mix mercury with other metals to change the original physical properties of mercury in order to control the amount of application. Otherwise, it will be difficult to accurately grasp the actual amount of mercury used. The invention relates to a glass tube containing a mercury column and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the glass tube is used to control the trace amount of mercury. Due to the technical popularity of precision material manufacturing, it is not a manufacturing technical problem to manufacture a glass tube having a length of 5 mm in the tube, a diameter of 2 min in the inside of the tube, and an external inspection. The glass battalion is determined to have a length of 5 mm in the tube, a diameter of 管·2 mm in the tube, and a size of about 1 mm in the outer diameter of the tube. As shown in Fig. 1, the reason is that _ goes on the process of the lamp g, and the mother lamp is made of mercury. The average dosage is about 2 to 4 gram, which allows an error range of plus or minus 0.3 milligrams, while the inner length of the tube is 5 mm, the inner diameter of the tube is 〇2 mm, and the outer diameter of the tube is 破·〇57Γ=〇· 157mm3 . The volume of the glass tube is 〇·〇5; τ and 0.157 are 13. The amount of mercury that can be contained is about 2 13 milligrams, which coincides with the range of average use of the lamp in manufacturing. The design of the single broken glass nozzle is to use the atmospheric pressure to apply pressure to the mercury column in the tube from the nozzle, so that the mercury column does not flow out due to the glass nozzle facing downwards, so the glass nozzle design process also makes the tube The diameter should not be too large, and the smoothness of the nozzle is reduced, which can prevent the mercury column from flowing out. Finally, the radiant heating method is used to heat the mercury column in the tube, and the gas can be completely vaporized into steam, and there is no problem that mercury remains in the tube. The method for generating mercury vapor by heating in the past is improved, and finally mercury is present. Problems remaining in the tube. In addition,
色澤的玻璃管’有助於輻射加熱過程中，利用色； 促進玻璃f的加熱’使管則汞柱更快氣化成采蒸 氣。 ’、 本發明之-種内含汞柱之玻璃管，可利用控制 玻璃管長及管内徑，來控制汞的使用量，透過計算 玻璃管的容積，就可以估算出實際的汞量，方便製 作不同亮度之燈管。 響 f實施方式】 本發明係一種内含汞柱之玻璃管與製造方 1 法，其材料的特徵包括·· a. 管内長為5mm b. 官内直徑為0. 2則》以及管外徑為lmm c·單一管口 d·管内注滿汞柱 8 200926256 e·材料溶點在攝氏400度以上 每樣標準下的玻璃管，如圖一所示，其玻璃管尺 寸可容許誤差範圍越小越好，可容納汞柱的量約為 2· 13毫克，符合燈管製造上的平均用量標準，至於 玻璃管的外型，在實施例為圓形柱型，也可改變成 多邊形柱，只要玻璃管的容積維持在〇.136〜〇157 mm3的範圍。之後利用輻射加熱方式對玻璃管加熱， -❹ 等到玻璃管溫度達到攝氏356. 63度，管内的汞柱會 完全氣化成汞蒸氣’由玻璃管口發散出來；另外， 玻璃材料採用深色設計，有助於玻璃管吸熱，加速 汞蒸氣的製造。 由於汞特殊的物理特性，將汞注入到大小長為 5mm、直徑為〇. 2mm的玻璃管内，需要一特別的製造 〇 環境以及一些方法步驟，才能製造出内含汞柱之玻 螭管，因此，在這特別的製造環境上，其特徵包括 了： ‘ a· —密閉式的環境； b. —抽放空氣的裝置； c. 一盛滿液體采之录槽； d. —固定數支玻璃管的裝置； 9 200926256 依照上述的製造環境下，如圖二D所示，有助實 行將汞注人到_管内的方法，其方法包括在整個 玻璃管製作過㈣，而製造内含録之玻璃管的方 法，其步驟包括： a. 製做一雙管口之細長玻璃管 b. 依照規格長度將細長玻璃管做裁切 φ c •裁切後的玻璃管一端做封口處理 d. 數支單一管口之玻璃管送至一封閉環境 e. 將封閉環境抽真空 f·玻璃管之管口朝下沒入汞槽 g. 將水槽注入液態采淹過玻璃管口 h. 釋放空氣到封閉環境 〇 i.將汞槽内的液體汞排放 j.將玻璃管移出汞槽擺放 * . k.把具汞柱之玻璃管--放置到SMD載帶上 上述步驟中的步驟a到步驟c，為玻璃管標準的 製作過程，如圖二A〜圖二c所示，主要玻璃管製作 上的標準，設定在管内長為5mm、管内直徑為〇.2mm 以及管外徑為lmm的容積，其中的步驟&是先將玻 200926256 璃管（la)的内直徑維持在〇. 2mm的標準，如圖二a 所示，然後按照步驟b— 一截斷成較短的玻璃管（ib) 如圖二B所示。在步驟c中是將截斷後玻璃管（ib)， 將一端的管口用高溫火焰封住，成為單一管口之玻 璃管（lc)如圖二C所示，該玻璃管（lc)從管口 到管底的長度，要求在5mm的標準在製作過程的步 驟c中，可增加一道讓玻璃管口變得平滑的處理， 麝 用額外的高溫對管口加熱，使管口比原先切割後更 平滑，口徑也因此稍微往内縮小，好處可降低玻璃 管口犀利，如圖三a所示未做平滑處理内含汞柱之 玻璃管（ldl)，與已做平滑處理之内含汞柱之玻璃 官（ld2)如圖三b，兩者在管口上的差異，可從玻 璃管切面圖分辨，在將來汞灌入到玻璃管内，因玻 & 璃管口徑變小’降低汞柱從管口流出的機會。另外’ 還可以利用汞極高的表面張力，將玻璃管設計成雙 官口如圖三c所示，汞柱因表面張力大於大氣壓力， 使汞柱能穩定留在玻璃管内。 後段的步驟d到步驟k，為汞注入到破璃管内的 方法，如圖二D〜圖二f{所示。從圖二D中看到步驟 d&e所需的環境，2為玻璃管（lc)固定裝置，3 為果槽作為盛裝液態汞，而在汞槽（3)内有一注入The color glass tube 'helps to use the color during the radiant heating process; promotes the heating of the glass f' to make the mercury column of the tube vaporize faster into the steam. ', the glass tube containing the mercury column of the invention can control the glass tube length and the inner diameter of the tube to control the amount of mercury used, and by calculating the volume of the glass tube, the actual amount of mercury can be estimated, which is convenient for making different Brightness lamp. The invention is a glass tube containing a mercury column and a method for manufacturing the same. The material of the invention includes: · a. The inner length of the tube is 5 mm b. The inner diameter of the official is 0. 2 and the outer diameter of the tube For lmm c · single nozzle d · tube filled with mercury column 8 200926256 e · material melting point at 400 ° C above the standard glass tube, as shown in Figure 1, the smaller the allowable error range of the glass tube size The better, the amount of mercury column can be accommodated is about 2.3 mg, which is in line with the average dosage standard for lamp manufacturing. As for the appearance of the glass tube, in the embodiment, it is a circular column type, and can also be changed into a polygonal column, as long as The volume of the glass tube is maintained in the range of 136.136~〇157 mm3. Then, the glass tube is heated by radiant heating, -❹ until the temperature of the glass tube reaches 356.63 degrees Celsius, the mercury column in the tube is completely vaporized into mercury vapor, which is emitted by the glass tube mouth; in addition, the glass material is dark-colored. Helps the glass tube to absorb heat and accelerate the manufacture of mercury vapor. Due to the special physical properties of mercury, injecting mercury into a glass tube having a length of 5 mm and a diameter of 〇. 2 mm requires a special manufacturing environment and some method steps to manufacture a glass tube containing a mercury column. In this particular manufacturing environment, its features include: 'a·-closed environment; b. — means for pumping air; c. a tank filled with liquid; d. — fixed glass Tube device; 9 200926256 According to the above manufacturing environment, as shown in Figure 2D, it is helpful to carry out the method of injecting mercury into the tube, the method comprising the production of the whole glass tube (4), and the manufacturing inclusion The method of the glass tube comprises the steps of: a. making a pair of elongated glass tubes b. Cutting the elongated glass tube according to the length of the specification φ c • cutting the glass tube at one end for sealing treatment d. The glass tube of the single nozzle is sent to a closed environment. e. Vacuum the closed environment. The nozzle of the glass tube is lowered into the mercury tank. g. Inject the water tank into the liquid and flood the glass nozzle. h. Release the air to the closed environment. 〇i. The liquid in the mercury tank Discharge j. Remove the glass tube from the mercury tank *. k. Place the glass tube with mercury column on the SMD carrier tape. Steps a to c in the above steps are the standard manufacturing process of the glass tube. As shown in Fig. 2A to Fig. 2c, the standard for the manufacture of the main glass tube is set to a volume of 5 mm in the tube, a diameter of 〇.2 mm in the tube, and a tube outer diameter of 1 mm. The steps & firstly, the glass is 200926256. The inner diameter of the tube (la) is maintained at a standard of 2 mm, as shown in Fig. 2a, and then cut into shorter glass tubes (ib) according to step b - one as shown in Fig. 2B. In step c, the glass tube (ib) will be cut off, and the nozzle at one end is sealed with a high temperature flame to form a single tube glass tube (lc) as shown in Fig. 2C. The glass tube (lc) is from the tube. The length from the mouth to the bottom of the tube is required to be 5 mm. In step c of the manufacturing process, a process can be added to smooth the glass nozzle. The additional high temperature is used to heat the nozzle so that the nozzle is cut earlier than the original. It is smoother and the diameter is also slightly reduced. The advantage is to reduce the sharpness of the glass tube. As shown in Figure 3a, the glass tube (ldl) containing the mercury column is not smoothed, and the mercury column is smoothed. The glass official (ld2) is shown in Figure 3b. The difference between the two on the nozzle can be distinguished from the cutaway view of the glass tube. In the future, mercury is poured into the glass tube, because the diameter of the glass & glass tube becomes smaller. The opportunity for the nozzle to flow out. In addition, the glass tube can be designed as a double official mouth using the extremely high surface tension of mercury. As shown in Figure 3c, the mercury column can be stably retained in the glass tube due to the surface tension being greater than the atmospheric pressure. Steps d to k in the latter stage, the method of injecting mercury into the glass tube, as shown in Fig. 2D to Fig. 2f. See Figure 2D for the environment required for step d&e, 2 for the glass tube (lc) fixture, 3 for the fruit tank for liquid mercury, and for the injection in the mercury tank (3)
II 200926256 與排放孔（31 )，供液態汞進出汞槽（3 );步驟f的 工作重點，讓每支玻璃管（lc)的管口朝下，而且 深入到汞槽（3) 0，如圖所示；步驟哲如圖二 E所示，由注入孔（31)將液態汞（H)注入到汞槽 (3)内，直到液態汞面（H)超過玻璃管口（IQ); 步驟h釋放空氣到封閉環境，如圖二F所示係利 用大氣壓力方式，使液態汞（H)被吸入到玻璃管（ld) 曇 内’而且大氣壓力足夠堵住管口朝下的玻璃管 (Id)，使其内的汞柱不致從玻璃管（ld)管口流出； 步驟i如圖二G所示將汞槽（3)内的液態汞（JJ)， 由排放孔（31)流出到環境外做妥善收集；步驟】 如圖二Η所示將固定裝置（2 )倒置，使吸滿汞柱的 玻璃管（Id)管口朝上，減少汞柱外漏機會，以上 汞填裝過程應溫度維持在室溫以上；最後步驟k如 圖四所示’將汞柱玻璃管（ld)做適當處理後，即 可填裝在 SMD ( Surface Mounted Device )載帶 (Carrier)内，經封膠帶（c)一一封裝成！捲卜⑼^ 物料包裝。為了避免因溫度升高緣故，而造成汞柱 從管口流出’需將運送過程及使用的溫度維持在室 以下的怪溫’以穩定采柱的體積大小。 由於汞的密度極高’自然表面張力也夠大， 12 200926256 加上管内直徑設定為0.2mm，因此玻璃管也可改用雙 管口設計，汞柱因表面張力的緣故，不容易從細小 的管口流出，加上管口再經平滑處理，使得汞柱更 不容易從玻璃管兩端管口流出。 上述實施方式說明，乃針對本發明之一可行實 施例進行具體說明，惟該實施例並非用以限制本發 _ 明之專利範圍，凡未脫離本發明技藝精神所為之等 • 效實施或變更，均應包含於本案之專利範圍中。 【圖式簡單說明】 請參閱有關本發明之詳細說明及其附圖，將可進一 步瞭解本發明之技術内容及其目的功效；有關附圖 為： 圖一為本發明内含汞柱之玻璃管圖示 ❿ 圖二A〜Η為整個内含汞柱之玻璃管製作過程圖示 圖三平滑處理之内含汞柱之玻璃管切面圖 圖四内含汞柱之玻璃管與SMD載帶關係圖 【主要元件符號說明】 h :管内直徑為〇· 2mm、管外徑為imm細長玻璃管 lb :截斷後玻璃管 lc ·軍一管口之玻璃管 200926256II 200926256 and discharge holes (31) for liquid mercury to enter and exit the mercury tank (3); the focus of step f is to make the nozzle of each glass tube (lc) face down and deep into the mercury tank (3) 0, such as As shown in Figure 2E, liquid mercury (H) is injected into the mercury tank (3) from the injection hole (31) until the liquid mercury surface (H) exceeds the glass nozzle (IQ); h Release air to the enclosed environment, as shown in Figure 2F, using atmospheric pressure to allow liquid mercury (H) to be drawn into the glass tube (ld) and the atmospheric pressure is sufficient to block the glass tube with the nozzle facing down ( Id), so that the mercury column does not flow out from the glass tube (ld) nozzle; step i shows the liquid mercury (JJ) in the mercury tank (3) flowing out from the discharge hole (31) as shown in Fig. 2G Do a proper collection outside the environment; Steps: Invert the fixture (2) as shown in Figure 2, so that the glass tube (Id) with the mercury column is facing upwards to reduce the leakage of the mercury column. The above mercury filling process The temperature should be maintained above room temperature; the final step k is as shown in Figure 4: After the mercury glass tube (ld) is properly treated, it can be filled in SMD (Surface Mounted De Vice ) Carrier (Chip), sealed by tape (c) one by one! Volume Bu (9) ^ Material packaging. In order to avoid the temperature rise, the mercury column flows out from the nozzle. The temperature of the transportation process and the temperature used should be maintained below the chamber to stabilize the size of the column. Because the density of mercury is extremely high, the natural surface tension is also large enough. 12 200926256 plus the inner diameter of the tube is set to 0.2mm, so the glass tube can also be changed to a double nozzle design. The mercury column is not easy to be small due to the surface tension. The nozzle is discharged, and the nozzle is smoothed, so that the mercury column is less likely to flow out from the nozzles at both ends of the glass tube. The above-described embodiments are described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, which are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It should be included in the patent scope of this case. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The technical content of the present invention and its effects can be further understood by referring to the detailed description of the present invention and the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a glass tube containing a mercury column according to the present invention. Figure A Figure 2A~Η is the glass tube manufacturing process of the whole mercury-containing column. Figure 3: Glass tube cut-out of the mercury-containing column in the smoothing process. Figure 4: Glass tube and SMD carrier band diagram with mercury column. [Main component symbol description] h: The inner diameter of the tube is 〇·2mm, the outer diameter of the tube is imm. The elongated glass tube lb: the glass tube lc after cutting off. The tube of the tube of the military one is 200926256
Id :内含汞柱之玻璃管 1 dl :未做平滑處理内含汞柱之玻璃管切面圖 ld2:已做平滑處理内含汞柱之玻璃管切面圖 2 :玻璃管固定裝置 3 :汞槽 31 :注入與排放孔 ® 4 : SMD載帶 ' c :封膠帶 Η :液態汞 14Id: glass tube containing mercury column 1 dl: glass tube cut surface without smoothing of mercury column ld2: glass tube cut surface with smoothed mercury columnFig. 2: glass tube fixture 3: mercury tank 31: Injection and drain hole ® 4 : SMD carrier tape ' c : sealing tape Η : liquid mercury 14