200924341 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於-種電力分配祕’更詳而言之，侧於—種具有動 態债測及自動分配功能之電力分配系統，其係有助於電力調整，使用 電趨近平衡，從而達成節省電費及提昇電力資源應用效率之目的。 【先前技術】 以目前台灣一般家庭中的交流電供應系統而言，由室外變電箱引 進至内後的配線方式係採用單相三線式，亦即兩條火線與一條地線； 其中，由於兩條火線的相位差為180度，因此任一條火線對地線的壓 差皆為110V，而火線對火線是之壓差則為220V，據此可依不同電器之 用電需要，組合配線以分別提供110V或220V兩種電壓。 如第一圖所示，室内之配線則於電器箱配電時將兩條火線(L1)與 (L2)配置為兩組線路系統，當用電偏重於單一線路(li或12)，則會產 生線路配電不平衡的情況。即便在規劃電器箱線路配置時已將電器用 電分配考慮在内，仍可能由於臨時用電，或瞬時高功率用電(如電磁爐， 熱水器等設備），而導致配電失衡。 由於台灣地區電費計費方式，係以重載線路計算，亦即取兩條火 線中重載者為用電量計算之依據，因此線路配電不平衡將導致不必要 的電費負擔。 更有甚者’當配電失衡’致使用電集中於單一線路時，由於電線 負載過大，一旦產生高熱，便有融化電線’造成短路，引發火災的危 200924341 險。 本案之發明人有鑑於傳統固定電力分配之種種缺失，以其專業知識 及戮力研發之成果提出本發明，冀能藉由妥善的電力分配達成有效節 省電費與確保用電安全之目標。 【發明内容】 本發明動態式電力分配系統可達成之主要功效之_，係在提供一 動態配電方法，即時侧複數室社線之用電情況，藉以峨目前配 電是否平衡，並因應達成配電平衡之需要而將各負栽相對於火線之配 電情況為對應之調整。 本發明動態式電力分配系統可達成之主要功效之二，係在提供一 動態配電設備，即時侧複數㈣火線之用電情況，藉以判斷目前配 電疋否平衡，並因應達成配電平衡之需要而將各負載相對於火線之配 電情況為對應之調整。 本發明動態式電力分配系統可達成之主要功效之三，係在提供一 動態配電設備之遠端遙控方式’使—管理者可於轴位置監控動態配 電设備之自動配電狀態或手動遙控配電狀態。 為達成上述之目的及功效，本發明動態式電力分配系統主要包含·· 動〜'式電力分配設備，具有輸入模組、電源模組、中央處理器、調配 U、輪_組等；配合該錢式電力分配設備所進行之動態式電力 分配方法；以及網路遠端遙控介面。 【實施方式】 200924341 4參閱第二圖所示本發明之動態式電力分配系統之架構圖。使其 與第一圖相較，可知本發明改善之重點在於負載只須用到一條火線的 電器，當負載係使用二條火線時(如：冷氣使用220VAC)，外部火線會 自動平衡負載，於該負載並無配電平衡的問題。 於第二圖中’本發明之動態式電力分配系統中之動態式電力分配 設備係連結於由電源開關進入室内之兩條火線，並分別以一調配模組 與室内各使用單一火線之負載連接。 現清參閲第三圖’圖中為本發明之動態式電力分配系統中動態式 電力分配設備(100)之架構示意圖，其可包含： 一電源模組(10)，係自複數之外部火線將電力引入，以提供控制 器内部所須電源及負載分配用電源使用； 至少一調配模組(20)，主要功能在於控制切換各負載與各外部火 線之電性連接關係，該調g&模組内具有至少__彳貞測器可針對各負載測 量電力消耗狀況進行電壓電流侧；其更具有過載保護、送電控制、 突波吸收、火花消除、漏電偵測等安全保護功能； 至少-中央處理即0) ’魏在負載平衡運算，控制電力分配， 訊號傳達，網路連線，資料儲存，電費計算等功能； -輸入模組⑽）’包含將系統中之電流债測訊號、電壓細訊 號、過載訊號、介面設定訊號、異常_等訊號輸人至該中央處理器 (30);以及 200924341 一輸出模組(50)，可由燈號，發光二極體(LED)，七段顯示器，液 晶螢幕，觸控螢幕等元件組成。顯示功能包含目前的用電情況、歷史 用電、警報狀態、電源狀態、電源平衡情況。 其中，各模組之組成元件可由電晶體、繼電器、固態繼電器(SSR)、 電力調整器(SCR)、雙向閘流體(TRIAC)、雙閘開關(DIAC)，電晶體 (UJT)、電磁接觸器、電容、電阻、電感、緩衝啟動器、運算放大器、 光耦合等半導體或電機、機電元件所組成。而各模組之設置數量，可 依實際需要調整，並不限於本實施例所述者。 本發明並配合以上動態式電力分配設備而提供一動態式電力分配 方法’請參閱第四圖，其主要包括： 步驟101 .以該調配模組(20)偵測火線與各負載之電壓、電流消耗 狀態並將之轉換為對應訊號； 步驟1〇2 .將該對應訊號由該輸入模組(4〇)傳送至該中央處理器 (30)； 步驟103 :使該中央處理n⑽針對辦訊號進行運算而產生一運 算結果； 步驟104 :將該運算結果回授至該調配模組(20);以及 步驟105 :該調配模組(20)對其所連接之負載送電。 以下配合第二圖詳細說明本發明之動態式電力分配系統與方法之 運作方式。 送電之始，所有_電都接到線路U，當對負載a、Β、C、D、 200924341 E與F —一送電時，系統偵測到僅有負載E的相對線路有用電的情況， 而A、B、C、D與F都沒有用電的情形，則此時系統將a、B、C、D 與F電連接至線路L2。 而後當電燈開啟，系統偵得負載A之對應線路有產生電力使用的 情形，但是A負載所用的電流並沒有E負載大，因此A負載使用線路 L2之供電，而B、C、〇與17因無變化，故不須調整，繼續維持與u 之電性連接。 接著’ S電視開啟時’系統伯得D負載線路發生電力使用，且發 現D+A>E (亦即L2之總負載大於L1之總負載），此時系統自動調整電 力配置，將剩下來尚未啟動之負載調整到L1的線路上，已使其若於稍 後開啟時’直接使用L1之供電。 其後，電腦開啟使系統偵得C負載線路產生用電。此時，用電狀 態為線路L1上有C、E的用電負載’而線路L2上有A、D之用電負載； 並且，若(C+E)>(A+D)，則系統自動將B與F調整到與線路L2連接； 反之，若是(C+E)<=(A+D)，則系統將維持b與ρ連結於u。 若稍後，系統偵得D負載線路停止用電，且經由計算發現A+E最 接近C的用電，則此時將A的用電切換到u上，又發現A+E >匸， 因此，系統將剩下目前未使用的負載B、D、F調整到L2的線路上。 於上述之實施例中，該中央處理器經由該調配模組之偵測結果將 尚未啟動之負載分配至當前負載較輕的火線之上；然而，於本案之另 -種實施方式令’該中央處理器可於供電之同時經由該調配模組將已 200924341 啟動之負載為適當電力分配。例如，用電狀態為線路L1上有C、E的 用電負載’且線路L2上有A、F之用電負載’而(C+E)大致等於(A+F) 時’若F之負载加大，使該令央處理器經由該調配模組偵得(A+C+E) 大致等於F時，則該中央處理器將負載a以一過渡方式切換至線路 L1，該過渡方式係由該調配模組將線路Llt電力導入負載A，而逐步 減低線路L2對負載A之供電，最終使負載A之電力完全由線路L1供 應，因此達到兩條火線間之負載趨近平衡之目的。 由以上敘述可以得知，本發明之動態式電力分配系統係依據實際 負載用電狀況將各負載相對於兩條火線的使用動態切換，從而保持線 路趨近於平衡的狀態。如此一來，線路L1與L2可恆常處於近乎平衡 之送電狀態，因而避免如上述因以重載電線為計價標準而導致無效電 費的問題。 以下舉例說明使用本發明之動態式電力分配系統於實際節省電費 上之效能。 依據台灣目前的電費計算方式，非營業用戶（一般住宅用電）於 夏月(6月1曰〜9月3〇日)計費標準中，no度以下部分每度2，1〇〇元； 111度至330度部分每度2.73〇元；度至500度部分每度3 64〇元； 而501度以上部分每度3.740元；於非夏月（夏月以外之時間）計費標 準中’ 110度以下部分每度2.100元；111度至330部分每度2.415元； 331度以上部分每度2.900元。 假設一電力用戶平均每月用電量為1000度，未使用本發明之動態 200924341 式電力分配系統時，二條火線的使用偏差在36%，當調整後可以改盖 到4%。藉由調整配電’將偏差值的一半轉移到另—條的火線上，因此 達到16%(32%/2 = 16%)之省電效能，則將可由原本的用電量1〇〇〇 度，下降到1000χ(100%-16%)=840度’而可節省電費如以下表一所示:200924341 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a power distribution system, and more specifically, a power distribution system having a dynamic debt measurement and automatic distribution function, which is helpful In the power adjustment, the use of electricity approaches the balance, thereby achieving the purpose of saving electricity costs and improving the efficiency of power resource application. [Prior Art] In the current AC power supply system in general households in Taiwan, the wiring method after the outdoor transformer box is introduced into the interior is a single-phase three-wire type, that is, two fire lines and one ground line; The phase difference of the fire line is 180 degrees, so the pressure difference between any one of the live lines and the ground line is 110V, and the pressure difference between the live line and the live line is 220V. According to the needs of different electrical appliances, the wiring is separately combined. Available in 110V or 220V. As shown in the first figure, the indoor wiring is configured as two sets of line systems (L1) and (L2) when the electrical box is distributed. When the power is biased to a single line (li or 12), it will be generated. Unbalanced line distribution. Even if the electrical distribution of electrical appliances has been taken into account when planning the configuration of electrical equipment lines, it may still be unbalanced due to temporary power consumption or instantaneous high-power electricity (such as induction cookers, water heaters, etc.). Due to the charging method of electricity charges in Taiwan, it is calculated by heavy-duty lines, that is, the heavy load of the two fire lines is the basis for calculating the electricity consumption. Therefore, the unbalanced power distribution of the line will result in unnecessary burden of electricity charges. What's more, when power distribution is imbalanced, the use of electricity is concentrated on a single line. Because of the excessive load on the wires, once high heat is generated, there is a melting wire that causes a short circuit, which is a risk of fire. The inventor of the present invention has proposed the present invention in view of the various shortcomings of the conventional fixed power distribution, and has achieved the goal of effectively saving electricity and ensuring the safety of electricity by proper power distribution. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The main effect of the dynamic power distribution system of the present invention is to provide a dynamic power distribution method, and the power consumption of the social network in the instant side multiple room, so that the current power distribution is balanced, and the power distribution balance is achieved. The need to adjust the power distribution of each load relative to the live line. The second main effect that can be achieved by the dynamic power distribution system of the present invention is to provide a dynamic power distribution device, and to use the instantaneous side (four) FireWire power supply to determine whether the current power distribution is balanced and to meet the needs of power distribution balance. The load distribution of each load relative to the live line is adjusted accordingly. The third main effect that can be achieved by the dynamic power distribution system of the present invention is that the remote control mode of providing a dynamic power distribution device enables the administrator to monitor the automatic power distribution state of the dynamic power distribution device or the manual remote power distribution state at the axis position. . In order to achieve the above objects and effects, the dynamic power distribution system of the present invention mainly comprises a mobile power distribution device, which has an input module, a power module, a central processing unit, a deployment U, a wheel group, and the like; A dynamic power distribution method performed by a money-type power distribution device; and a remote remote interface of the network. [Embodiment] 200924341 4 Referring to the second diagram, the architecture diagram of the dynamic power distribution system of the present invention is shown. Compared with the first figure, it can be seen that the improvement of the present invention is that the load only needs to use one firewire electrical appliance. When the load system uses two firewires (for example, 220VAC for cold air), the external firewire will automatically balance the load. There is no problem with the load balance of the load. In the second figure, the dynamic power distribution device in the dynamic power distribution system of the present invention is connected to two live wires entering the room by the power switch, and is respectively connected to the load of each single fire line in the room by a deployment module. . Referring now to the third figure, the schematic diagram of the dynamic power distribution device (100) in the dynamic power distribution system of the present invention may include: a power module (10), which is a self-complex external fire line. The power is introduced to provide the power supply for the controller and the power distribution for the load distribution; at least one of the deployment modules (20), the main function is to control the electrical connection relationship between each load and each external fire line, the modulation & The group has at least __ detector to measure the power consumption status of each load on the voltage and current side; it has overload protection, power transmission control, surge absorption, spark elimination, leakage detection and other security protection functions; at least - central Processing is 0) 'Wei load balancing operation, control power distribution, signal transmission, network connection, data storage, electricity calculation, etc.; - Input module (10)) 'contains the current bond signal and voltage in the system Signal, overload signal, interface setting signal, abnormal _ and other signals are input to the central processing unit (30); and 200924341 an output module (50), which can be illuminated by a light source (The LED), seven-segment displays, liquid crystal screen, touch screen and other components. The display function includes current power usage, historical power usage, alarm status, power status, and power balance. Among them, the components of each module can be composed of transistors, relays, solid state relays (SSR), power regulators (SCR), bidirectional thyristor (TRIAC), double gate switches (DIAC), transistors (UJT), electromagnetic contactors. Semiconductor, motor, and electromechanical components such as capacitors, resistors, inductors, buffer starters, operational amplifiers, and optical coupling. The number of settings of each module can be adjusted according to actual needs, and is not limited to those described in this embodiment. The present invention provides a dynamic power distribution method in conjunction with the above dynamic power distribution device. Please refer to the fourth figure, which mainly includes: Step 101. The voltage and current of the live line and each load are detected by the deployment module (20). The state is consumed and converted into a corresponding signal; Step 1〇2. The corresponding signal is transmitted from the input module (4〇) to the central processing unit (30); Step 103: The central processing n(10) is performed for the signal signal The operation results in an operation result; Step 104: The operation result is fed back to the deployment module (20); and Step 105: The deployment module (20) transmits power to the connected load. The operation of the dynamic power distribution system and method of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the second diagram. At the beginning of power transmission, all _ electricity is connected to line U. When power is applied to loads a, Β, C, D, 200924341 E and F-, the system detects that only the relative line of load E is available. In the case where A, B, C, D, and F are not powered, the system electrically connects a, B, C, D, and F to line L2. Then when the light is turned on, the system detects that the corresponding line of load A has power generation, but the current used by the A load does not have a large E load, so the A load uses the power supply of line L2, and B, C, 〇 and 17 No change, so no need to adjust, continue to maintain the electrical connection with u. Then, when the 'S TV is turned on', the system uses the D load line to generate power, and finds D+A>E (that is, the total load of L2 is greater than the total load of L1). At this time, the system automatically adjusts the power configuration, and the rest remains. The load of the start-up is adjusted to the line of L1, which has made it possible to directly use the power supply of L1 if it is turned on later. Thereafter, the computer is turned on to cause the system to detect the C load line to generate power. At this time, the power consumption state is the power load of C and E on the line L1 and the power load of A and D on the line L2; and, if (C+E)>(A+D), the system B and F are automatically adjusted to be connected to line L2; conversely, if (C+E) <=(A+D), the system will maintain b and ρ connected to u. If, later, the system detects that the D load line has stopped using power, and finds that A+E is closest to C's power consumption by calculation, then the power of A is switched to u, and A+E > Therefore, the system will adjust the currently unused loads B, D, F to the line of L2. In the above embodiment, the central processing unit distributes the unstarted load to the current lightly loaded fire line via the detection result of the deployment module; however, in another embodiment of the present invention, the central The processor can distribute the load that has been started by 200924341 to the appropriate power distribution through the deployment module while powering. For example, if the power state is the power load 'c of C and E on line L1 and the power load A of A and F on line L2' (C+E) is approximately equal to (A+F), the load of F If the command is detected by the deployment module (A+C+E) is substantially equal to F, the central processor switches the load a to the line L1 in a transitional manner. The deployment module introduces the line Llt power into the load A, and gradually reduces the power supply of the line L2 to the load A, and finally the power of the load A is completely supplied by the line L1, so that the load between the two live lines approaches the balance. As can be seen from the above description, the dynamic power distribution system of the present invention dynamically switches the use of each load with respect to the two live lines in accordance with the actual load power usage condition, thereby keeping the line in a state of being balanced. As a result, the lines L1 and L2 can be constantly in a nearly balanced power transmission state, thereby avoiding the problem of invalid electricity charges due to the above-mentioned heavy-duty electric wires being used as a pricing standard. The following is an example of the effectiveness of using the dynamic power distribution system of the present invention to actually save on electricity bills. According to the current calculation method of electricity tariff in Taiwan, non-business users (general residential electricity) are charged in the Xiayue (June 1~September 3rd) billing standard, and the following part of the degree is 2,1 yuan per degree; 111 degrees to 330 degrees, 2.73 yuan per degree; degrees to 500 degrees, 3 64 yuan per degree; and 501 degrees or more, 3.740 yuan per degree; in non-summer months (time outside summer months), the billing standard' The part below 110 degrees is 2.100 yuan per degree; the 111 degree to 330 parts is 2.415 yuan per degree; the part above 331 degrees is 2.900 yuan per degree. Assuming that the average monthly electricity consumption of a power user is 1000 degrees, when the dynamic 200924341 power distribution system of the present invention is not used, the usage deviation of the two fire lines is 36%, and can be changed to 4% when adjusted. By adjusting the power distribution to transfer half of the deviation value to the other line, so that 16% (32%/2 = 16%) of the power saving performance, the original power consumption will be 1 degree. , down to 1000 χ (100% -16%) = 840 degrees 'can save electricity costs as shown in Table 1 below:
表一： 調整電力分配前後電費情況比較 除了有效透過調整電力分配達成節省電費之功能，本發明動態式 電力分配系統尚提供許多提昇用電效能與用電安全之功能。首先，經 由本發撕賴找電伟，制電平均分祕鱗，可避免單 一電線因負載過大產生高熱，進而發生融化短路之狀況，從而避免因 配電不當引發的火災。 其次’當控制器送上電源時，本發明系統待電源穩定之後方對各 負載一一送電，糊時送電導致突波電流的產生。所謂「突波㈣」 為交流電中在某-_產生極场電壓，高者可達數千轉，特別在 用電吃緊的電源迴路中特別容易發生，例如當啟動馬達、壓縮機時（如 冰箱等h或停電後突然復電時，交流電迴路中亦會產生突波。-般的 200924341 電器用品在電騎變財鱗減可以正㈣作，是對於較精㈣ 電子儀器，電源突波的影響就變得較顯著，電源線路設計較簡陋的電 器用品更可翻為突波而損壞。因此，本發明使電力經由動態式電力 分配系統難至㈣’可械聽__聽直紐人祕，造成 電器及迴路的損毀。 第三，當發生市電系統送電錯誤之意外時，因電力係經由本發明 動態式電力分配綠送達電m關得錯誤送電，便不會將電 力送往各負載’因此可避免送電錯誤導致電器損壞或引起火災的問題。 除此之外’根據本發明之創作概念，本發明動態式電力分配系統 更可包含-網猶端遙控介面(6G) ’如第四騎示。其可經由網路跟中 央處理器_連線，進而達到遠端控制與顯示網路電表的功能。並可 記錄用電相關資訊，且借由介面傳送設定動態式電力分配，並可藉由 網路達到遠端監控功能。 本發明動態式電力分配系統可依實際需要設置於電器箱中，亦可 為以電性連結《箱之方式設置於電_外之其他位置，需知本發明 動態式電力分配系統之安裝係安全為第—騎量，而其形式或電路配 置可因應需求而為必要之變化。 以上所舉實施僅用以說明本案而已，非用以限制本案之範圍精 於此技藝魏林雌本案_域訂餘鮮邮彡⑽改變。舉 凡不違本案精神所從事幢齡料變化，倶屬本案巾請專利範圍。 【圖式簡單說明】 200924341 第一圖係一範例電路系統，說明習知電氣佈線方式。 第二圖係一使用本發明動態式電力分配系統之範例電路系統。 第三圖係本發明動態式電力分配設備之系統架構。 第四圖係本發明動態式電力分配方法之流程圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 動態式電力分配設備（100) 電源模組(10) 調配模組(20) 中央處理器(30) 輸入模組(40) 輸出模組(50) 網路遠端遙控介面(60) 13Table 1: Comparison of electricity tariffs before and after adjustment of power distribution In addition to effectively saving electricity tariffs by adjusting power distribution, the dynamic power distribution system of the present invention provides many functions for improving power efficiency and power consumption. First of all, by the hairdressing of the hair, the average size of the electric power can be avoided, and the single wire can be prevented from being heated due to excessive load, thereby causing a melt short circuit, thereby avoiding a fire caused by improper power distribution. Secondly, when the controller is powered on, the system of the present invention sends power to each load one after another after the power supply is stabilized, and the power is supplied to the surge to cause a surge current. The so-called "surge (four)" is the polar field voltage in a certain -_, which can reach thousands of revolutions, especially in the power circuit where the electricity is tight, such as when starting the motor and compressor (such as the refrigerator). When h or sudden power failure after power failure, there will be a surge in the AC circuit. General 200924341 Electrical appliances in the electric ride to change the scale can be positive (four), is for the finer (four) electronic equipment, the impact of power surge It has become more prominent, and electrical appliances with a simpler design of power lines can be turned into turbulence and damage. Therefore, the present invention makes it difficult to pass power through a dynamic power distribution system (4). Thirdly, when there is an accident in the power supply system of the mains system, the power is sent to the load by the power supply through the dynamic power distribution of the present invention. The problem that the power transmission error causes the electrical appliance to be damaged or causes a fire can be avoided. In addition, according to the creative concept of the present invention, the dynamic power distribution system of the present invention can further include a network remote control interface (6G). ) 'If the fourth ride shows. It can be connected to the central processor _ via the network to achieve the function of remote control and display of the network meter. It can record the information about the power and set the dynamic type through the interface. Power distribution, and can reach the remote monitoring function through the network. The dynamic power distribution system of the present invention can be set in the electrical box according to actual needs, or can be set to be electrically connected to the box. Location, it should be noted that the installation of the dynamic power distribution system of the present invention is safe for the first ride, and its form or circuit configuration can be changed as necessary according to the requirements. The above implementation is only for explaining the case, not for Limit the scope of this case to the skill of Wei Lin's female case _ domain order remnant postal mail (10) change. Anyone who does not violate the spirit of the case is engaged in the change of the ageing material, the scope of the patent is the scope of the patent. [Simplified illustration] 200924341 Figure 1 is an example circuit system illustrating a conventional electrical wiring scheme. The second diagram is an exemplary circuit system using the dynamic power distribution system of the present invention. System architecture of power distribution equipment. The fourth diagram is a flow chart of the dynamic power distribution method of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] Dynamic power distribution equipment (100) Power module (10) Provisioning module (20) Central processing (30) Input Module (40) Output Module (50) Network Remote Remote Interface (60) 13