200922032 . 九、發明說明： _ 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明涉及一種插座，特別是一種能防止誤操作造成 觸電的安全插座。 【先前技術】 目前家庭用的插座是直接連接到市電上，當電源插頭 插入插座後，插座上的電源即可流入電源插頭端的負載電 路，當電流發生短路時，電源輸入端的超載保險絲才進行 超載保護。而家庭安裝的插座一般安裝在離地面大約 0.3m—lm的高度的牆壁上，小孩子極容易拿電源線或者其 他的導體插入插座，導致插座流出的電流經過小孩的身體 發生觸電，當超載保險絲起作用時，觸電事故已經發生， 驚嚇到小孩或者導致其遭受電擊。 另外，在中國專利局公告的專利號為CN99236724，公 告時間為2⑻0年6月28日，專利名稱為“電器自動安全 、 插座”的實用新型專利中，公開了一種感測電器是否漏電 的安全開關，該安全插座通過一紅外線感測儀感測電器是 否漏電，當檢測到漏電情況時，截斷交流電源防止觸電事 故。但是該裝置沒有考慮到使用者誤操作時不小心觸電對 人造成傷害。 【發明内容】 有鑒於此，提供一種安全插座，其目的在於可防止使 用者將導電體誤插入電源插座端子導致的電擊事故。本發 明還提供一種安全插座，保證當電源插座接通時，使用者 7 200922032 處於遠離電源插座的安全範圍。 本發明扠坍的安全插座包括：— 电才街 關、一直流電源、一控制單元和一繼電器 '一檢測開 包括一連接鍵、一彈性部件和—接入端其中檢剩開關 連接鍵放ί在電源插座的火線蠕子和零線:—接出端子。 部件用於支料接鍵，雜部件㈣態彈性 關的接入端子和接出端子的導通狀態發生變化吏：：測開 通過檢測開關给控制單元和繼電器提供 流電源 直流回路。繼電器接在電源插座的火線端子上 根據檢測開_連通狀態決定繼電器的吸合與斷開，= 電器吸合後：電源插座的火線端子和交流電源的火：連 接，從而使知火線端子和零線端子之間存在電勢差。 通過該檢測開關，只有在電源插座的火線端子和零線 端子均有導電體插入時，該檢測開關的接入端子和接出端 子才會連接’使得電源插座的火線端子和零線端子之間存 在電勢差，因此防止了單個導電體插入電源插座的火線端 子或者零線端子時給使用者帶來的觸電危險。 本發明進一步提供了一安全插座還包括：一紅外線感 測儀連接在上述安全插座的檢测開關與控制單元之間，該 紅外線感測儀設置一感測範圍，當使用者處於感測範圍 内，該紅外線感測儀發送一高電平信號給控制單元，再由 控制單元根據該咼電平信號控制繼電器的吸合。 該採用紅外感測儀的安全插座通過設置一安全的感測 範圍，使得安全插座的電源插座在接通的情況下，使用者 200922032 • 處於安全範圍内，從而避免了使用者在使用時受到傷害。 . 【實施方式】 如圖1所示，是本發明安全插座一實施方式的架構 圖。該安全插座1包括：一電源插座10、一直流電源20、 一檢測開關30、一繼電器50和一控制單元60。其中，直 流電源20、檢測開關30、繼電器50和控制單元60構成一 回路用於檢測是否有電源插頭插入安全插座1。檢測開關 30放置在電源插座10下方，但並非以電連接的方式連接， 其具體結構和使用方法將在圖2和圖3中詳細介紹。直流 電源20的輸出端連接到檢測開關30的接入端子，檢測開 關30的輸出端連接到繼電器50。控制單元60連接檢測開 關30的輸出端和繼電器50，用於控制繼電器50的吸合或 者斷開。當繼電器50吸合時，電源插座10的火線端子接 通到火線L上，使得火線端子11和零線端子12之間存在 電勢差。 、 圖2和圖3是電源插座10和檢測開關30的連接結構 圖。在圖2中，電源插頭2未插入電源插座10，在圖3中， 電源插頭2已插入電源插座10内。電源插座10的火線端 子Π外接交流電源的火線L，而零線端子12外接交流電 源的零線N。檢測開關30放置在電源插座10盒體内，包 括接入端子31和接出端子32、一連接鍵33和一彈性部件 34。其中，接入端子31和接出端子32以及彈性部件34放 置在盒體的底端；連接鍵33由兩層組成，在圖中用白色部 分表示一絕緣片，設置在電源插座10的火線端子11和零 9 200922032 線端子12的下方；黑色部分表示一導電片，放置在彈性部 件34上方。如圖2所示，當電源插頭2未插入電源插座 10時，彈性部件34處於自然狀態，連接鍵33與接入端子 31和接出端子32保持有一定距離，接入端子31和接出端 子32保持斷開。如圖3所示，當電源插頭2插入電源插座 10時，連接鍵33的兩端均下壓，引起彈性部件34壓縮， 連接鍵33與接入端子31和接出端子32相接觸，接入端子 31和接出端子32導通。而當只有電源插座10的火線端子 11或者零線端子112 —端有導電體插入時，檢測開關30 的一端受力，連接鍵33傾斜，接入端子31和接出端子32 不會導通，不能給後繼電路供電。 圖4是安全插座1的具體電路圖。如圖所示，電源插 座10的零線端子12連接交流電源的零線N，火線端子11 連接到繼電器50上。繼電器50包括一線圈51和一常開開 關K，線圈51的兩端分別連接檢測開關30和控制單元60, 常開開關K處於電源插座10的火線端子11和交流電源的 火線L之間。控制單元60包括一電阻R、電容C和一集成 開關Q。電阻R與電容C的正極連接，電容C的負極接地， 電阻R與電容C的連接點連接到集成開關Q的控制端，電 阻R連接在檢測開關30與電容C的正極之間，當檢測開 關30的輸入端子31和輸出端子32時，直流電源20加在 電阻R與電容C的連接點上的高電壓使集成開關Q導通。 因此，電流流過線圈51，線圈51產生磁場吸合常開開關K， 從而使得電源插座10的火線端子11與火線L連通。 10 200922032 如圖5所示’是本發明安全插座另 圖。與圖〗所示的實施方式 I式的架構 括-紅外線感測儀4〇連接於檢測開關；之包 =紅外線❹m 4㈣於輕㈣單元65制電器分的 所不5所示的安全插座22的具體電路目。與圖4 :二_器55包括一線圈％、第—常開_ 開，K2。線圈56的兩端分別連接檢測開關％ 料早70 65，第一常開開關们處於電源插座1〇的火線 := 和交流電源的火線L之間’第二常開開關幻的兩 =刀別連接檢測開關30和控制單元65。控制單元幻包括 弟-電阻^和第二電阻R2，其中，第—電阻則一端連 接到所述繼電器的第二常開開關K2， 第:她和電容c的連接點與集成開關= 控電::連 接!^第一電阻R2❸一端連接到紅外線感測儀40的信號輸 出端’另—端連接到集成開關Q的控制端。 當電源插頭2插入電源插座1〇時，檢測開關3〇閉合， 直々II·龟源20提供給紅外線感測儀40的工作電壓。當紅外 線感測儀40感測到使用者處於其感測範圍内時，發送一高 電平彳5號給集成開關Q，電容C開始充電，集成開關Q控 制端上的電壓為高’集成開關Q導通，因此，有電流流過 線圈56,線圈55產生磁場吸合第一常開開關κι和第二常 開開關K2。第一常開開關K1的閉合使得電源插座10的火200922032. IX. INSTRUCTIONS: _ Technical Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a socket, and more particularly to a safety socket capable of preventing electric shock caused by erroneous operation. [Prior Art] At present, the socket for household use is directly connected to the commercial power. When the power plug is inserted into the socket, the power supply on the socket can flow into the load circuit of the power plug end. When the current is short-circuited, the overload fuse of the power input terminal is overloaded. protection. The home-installed sockets are usually mounted on a wall about 0.3m-lm above the ground. It is easy for a child to take a power cord or other conductor into the socket, causing the current flowing out of the socket to get an electric shock through the child's body. When it works, an electric shock has already occurred, scaring the child or causing it to be shocked. In addition, the patent number announced by the Chinese Patent Office is CN99236724, and the announcement time is 2 (8) June 28, the patent name is “Electrical Automatic Safety, Socket” utility model patent, which discloses a safety switch that senses whether the appliance is leaking. The safety socket senses whether the electrical appliance leaks through an infrared sensor, and when the leakage condition is detected, the AC power supply is cut off to prevent an electric shock accident. However, the device does not take into account the risk of accidental electric shock to the user when the user misuses. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above, a safety socket is provided, which is intended to prevent an electric shock accident caused by a user accidentally inserting a conductor into a power outlet terminal. The present invention also provides a safety socket that ensures that the user 7 200922032 is in a safe range away from the power outlet when the power outlet is turned on. The safety socket of the fork of the invention comprises: - an electric street switch, a direct current power source, a control unit and a relay 'a detection switch including a connection key, an elastic component and an access terminal, wherein the remaining switch connection key is placed ί Firewire creeper and neutral at the power outlet: - Take out the terminal. The components are used for the fulcrum connection, and the conduction state of the access terminal and the output terminal of the miscellaneous component (four) state is changed. 吏: Measure open The flow control power supply DC circuit is provided to the control unit and the relay through the detection switch. The relay is connected to the live wire terminal of the power socket to determine the pull-in and disconnection of the relay according to the detection open_connected state, = after the electrical appliance is connected: the live wire terminal of the power socket and the fire of the AC power source: the connection, so that the firewire terminal and the zero There is a potential difference between the line terminals. Through the detection switch, the access terminal and the output terminal of the detection switch are connected only when the fuse terminal and the neutral terminal of the power socket are inserted, so that the fire terminal and the neutral terminal of the power socket are connected. There is a potential difference, thus preventing the risk of electric shock to the user when a single electrical conductor is inserted into the live terminal or the neutral terminal of the power outlet. The invention further provides a safety socket further comprising: an infrared sensor connected between the detection switch of the safety socket and the control unit, the infrared sensor is provided with a sensing range, when the user is within the sensing range The infrared sensor sends a high level signal to the control unit, and the control unit controls the pull-in of the relay according to the threshold level signal. The safety socket using the infrared sensor can set a safe sensing range so that the power socket of the safety socket is turned on, and the user 200922032 is in a safe range, thereby preventing the user from being hurt during use. . [Embodiment] As shown in Fig. 1, it is an architectural diagram of an embodiment of a security socket of the present invention. The safety socket 1 includes a power socket 10, a DC power source 20, a detection switch 30, a relay 50, and a control unit 60. Among them, the DC power source 20, the detecting switch 30, the relay 50, and the control unit 60 constitute a circuit for detecting whether or not a power plug is inserted into the safety socket 1. The detecting switch 30 is placed under the power socket 10, but is not connected by electrical connection. The specific structure and method of use will be described in detail in Figs. 2 and 3. The output of the DC power source 20 is connected to the access terminal of the detection switch 30, and the output of the detection switch 30 is connected to the relay 50. Control unit 60 is coupled to the output of detection switch 30 and relay 50 for controlling the pull-in or disconnection of relay 50. When the relay 50 is engaged, the live terminal of the power outlet 10 is connected to the live line L, so that there is a potential difference between the live terminal 11 and the neutral terminal 12. 2 and 3 are connection diagrams of the power socket 10 and the detecting switch 30. In Fig. 2, the power plug 2 is not inserted into the power outlet 10, and in Fig. 3, the power plug 2 has been inserted into the power outlet 10. The live terminal of the power socket 10 is externally connected to the live line L of the AC power source, and the neutral terminal 12 is externally connected to the neutral line N of the AC power source. The detecting switch 30 is placed in the casing of the power socket 10, and includes an access terminal 31 and an output terminal 32, a connecting key 33, and an elastic member 34. Wherein, the access terminal 31 and the terminal 32 and the elastic member 34 are placed at the bottom end of the casing; the connecting key 33 is composed of two layers, and an insulating sheet is indicated by a white portion in the figure, and the fire terminal is disposed at the power socket 10. 11 and zero 9 200922032 Below the wire terminal 12; the black portion indicates a conductive sheet placed over the elastic member 34. As shown in FIG. 2, when the power plug 2 is not inserted into the power socket 10, the elastic member 34 is in a natural state, and the connection key 33 is kept at a certain distance from the access terminal 31 and the terminal 32, and the access terminal 31 and the terminal are connected. 32 remains disconnected. As shown in FIG. 3, when the power plug 2 is inserted into the power socket 10, both ends of the connection key 33 are pressed down, causing the elastic member 34 to be compressed, and the connection key 33 is in contact with the access terminal 31 and the connection terminal 32, and is connected. The terminal 31 and the terminal 32 are electrically connected. When only the live terminal 11 or the neutral terminal 112 of the power outlet 10 has an electrical conductor inserted, one end of the detecting switch 30 is stressed, the connecting key 33 is tilted, and the access terminal 31 and the connecting terminal 32 are not turned on, and cannot be Power the subsequent circuits. 4 is a detailed circuit diagram of the safety socket 1. As shown, the neutral terminal 12 of the power outlet 10 is connected to the neutral line N of the AC power source, and the live terminal 11 is connected to the relay 50. The relay 50 includes a coil 51 and a normally open switch K. The two ends of the coil 51 are respectively connected to the detecting switch 30 and the control unit 60, and the normally open switch K is between the live terminal 11 of the power outlet 10 and the live line L of the alternating current power source. Control unit 60 includes a resistor R, a capacitor C and an integrated switch Q. The resistor R is connected to the anode of the capacitor C, the cathode of the capacitor C is grounded, the connection point of the resistor R and the capacitor C is connected to the control terminal of the integrated switch Q, and the resistor R is connected between the detection switch 30 and the anode of the capacitor C, when the detection switch At the input terminal 31 and the output terminal 32 of 30, the high voltage applied to the connection point of the resistor R and the capacitor C by the DC power source 20 causes the integrated switch Q to be turned on. Therefore, a current flows through the coil 51, and the coil 51 generates a magnetic field pull-in normally open switch K, so that the live terminal 11 of the power outlet 10 communicates with the live line L. 10 200922032 As shown in Fig. 5, 'is another figure of the safety socket of the present invention. The structure of the embodiment I shown in FIG. 1 includes an infrared sensor 4〇 connected to the detection switch; the package=infrared ❹m 4 (four) to the safety socket 22 of the light (four) unit 65 electrical device The specific circuit. And FIG. 4: the second device 55 includes a coil %, a first normally open_open, K2. The two ends of the coil 56 are respectively connected to the detection switch % material early 70 65, the first normally open switch is in the power line 1 〇 fire line: = and the AC line of the live line L 'the second normally open switch phantom two = knife The detection switch 30 and the control unit 65 are connected. The control unit phantom includes a resistor-resistor and a second resistor R2, wherein the first resistor is connected to the second normally-on switch K2 of the relay at one end, and the connection point of the capacitor C and the integrated switch = control power: : Connect! ^ The first resistor R2❸ is connected to the signal output end of the infrared sensor 40 and the other end is connected to the control terminal of the integrated switch Q. When the power plug 2 is inserted into the power outlet 1 ,, the detection switch 3 〇 is closed, and the operating voltage of the infrared sensor 40 is supplied to the turtle source 20 . When the infrared sensor 40 senses that the user is within its sensing range, it sends a high level 彳5 to the integrated switch Q, the capacitor C starts to charge, and the voltage on the control terminal of the integrated switch Q is high. Q is turned on, and therefore, a current flows through the coil 56, and the coil 55 generates a magnetic field to attract the first normally open switch κι and the second normally open switch K2. The closing of the first normally open switch K1 causes the fire of the power outlet 10
線端子與火線L連通。第二常開開關K2 —旦閉合，電容C 11 200922032 的電位就保持為高，因此集成開關Q保持導通，繼電器55 保持吸合，從而將電源插座10的火線端子11與火線L連 通。如果電源插頭的使用者處於紅外線感測儀40的感測範 圍之外時，則紅外線感測儀40不發送高電平信號，集成開 關Q不導通，線圈56不吸合，因此第一常開開關K1和第 二常開開關K2也保持在斷開狀態，電源插座10的火線端 子11不能連接到火線L。紅外線感測儀40的安裝以及感 測範圍的確定在圖7中作具體描述。 如圖7所示，是安全插座22在一實施方式中的使用示 意圖。電源插座10安裝在牆壁80上，距離地板90大約1 米左右，紅外線感測儀40採用一紅外線感測儀40安裝在 插座10的上方，距離地板90大約1.5米左右，紅外線感 測儀40的感測範圍可根據家庭成員的身高確定。在本實施 方式中，設定家中的成年人25的身高是1.6米以上，小孩 的身高為1米左右，紅外線感測儀40的感測角度為Z轴方 向上下45度，如圖7中雙向箭頭所示的檢測範圍。當電源 插頭2插入電源插座10後，紅外線感測儀40啟動，較高 的成年人的身高處於感測範圍内，則紅外線感測儀40發送 一個高電平給控制單元65，線圈56吸合，電源插座10的 火線端子11連接與火線L上。較矮的小孩在插插座的時候 處於感測範圍外，因此，線圈56不發生動作，直到小孩離 開電源插座10，走到安全位置，如圖中Y點，到達紅外線 感測儀40的感測範圍以内，紅外線感測儀40才發送一個 高電平給控制單元，線圈56吸合，電源插座10的火線端 12 200922032 子11才與火線L連接，使得火線端子和零線端子之間存在 電勢差。在本實施方式中，如果將設置紅外線感測儀40的 感測角度為水準，即，只有當身高等於或高於該紅外線感 測儀40安裝位置的成年人才實現電源插頭2與電源插座 10的電連接，這樣就能避免小孩對電源插座10的誤操作。 如果將紅外線感測儀40的感測角度設置得較小，則在將電 源插頭2插入電源插座10的當時，身高較高的成年人也處 於紅外線感測儀40的感測範圍之外，直到遠離電源插座 10的時候，才能進入紅外線感測儀40的感測範圍之内， 從而也保證了成年人不會被電源插座10可能產生的漏電 事故傷害。 本發明不受本發明的具體實施方式的限制，可根據本 實施方式的技術方案和實際情況確定的新的實施方式，如 直流電源20可以通過接一電壓轉換器將交流電源轉換而 成，集成開關Q可以換成三極管開關。在本說明書中，不 一一闡述0 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1為本發明安全插座的一實施方式的架構圖； 圖2為圖1中電源插座和檢測開關的連接結構圖，電 源插頭未插入電源插座内； 圖3為圖2中電源插頭插入電源插座内的連接結構圖； 圖4為圖1所不安全插座的具體電路圖； 圖5為本發明安全插座的另一實施方式的架構圖； 圖6為圖5所示安全插座的具體電路圖； 13 200922032 • 圖7為圖5所示安全插座於使用中的示意圖； 【主要元件符號說明】 電源插座 10 火線端子 11 零線端子 12 直流電源 20 檢測開關 30 火線 31 零線 32 連接鍵 33 彈性部件 34 紅外線感測儀 40 繼電器 50，55 線圈 56 控制單元 60，65 14The line terminal is in communication with the live line L. Once the second normally open switch K2 is closed, the potential of the capacitor C 11 200922032 remains high, so the integrated switch Q remains conductive, and the relay 55 remains energized, thereby connecting the live terminal 11 of the power outlet 10 to the live line L. If the user of the power plug is outside the sensing range of the infrared sensor 40, the infrared sensor 40 does not send a high level signal, the integrated switch Q does not conduct, and the coil 56 does not pick up, so the first normally open The switch K1 and the second normally open switch K2 are also kept in the off state, and the live terminal 11 of the power outlet 10 cannot be connected to the live line L. The mounting of the infrared sensor 40 and the determination of the sensing range are specifically described in FIG. As shown in Figure 7, it is a schematic illustration of the use of the security socket 22 in one embodiment. The power socket 10 is mounted on the wall 80, about 1 meter away from the floor 90. The infrared sensor 40 is mounted above the socket 10 by an infrared sensor 40, about 1.5 meters from the floor 90, and the infrared sensor 40 The sensing range can be determined based on the height of the family member. In the present embodiment, the height of the adult 25 in the home is set to be 1.6 meters or more, the height of the child is about 1 meter, and the sensing angle of the infrared sensor 40 is 45 degrees in the Z-axis direction, as shown in FIG. The range of detection shown. When the power plug 2 is inserted into the power socket 10, the infrared sensor 40 is activated, and the height of the taller adult is within the sensing range, the infrared sensor 40 sends a high level to the control unit 65, and the coil 56 is attracted. The live wire terminal 11 of the power outlet 10 is connected to the live wire L. The shorter child is outside the sensing range when the socket is plugged in. Therefore, the coil 56 does not move until the child leaves the power socket 10 and goes to a safe position, as shown by the point Y in the figure, reaching the sensing of the infrared sensor 40. Within the range, the infrared sensor 40 sends a high level to the control unit, the coil 56 is sucked, and the live end 12 of the power socket 10 is connected to the live line L, so that there is a potential difference between the live line terminal and the neutral line terminal. . In the present embodiment, if the sensing angle of the infrared sensor 40 is set to a level, that is, the power plug 2 and the power socket 10 are realized only for an adult whose height is equal to or higher than the mounting position of the infrared sensor 40. Electrical connection, so that children can avoid the wrong operation of the power socket 10. If the sensing angle of the infrared sensor 40 is set small, when the power plug 2 is inserted into the power socket 10, the taller adult is also outside the sensing range of the infrared sensor 40 until When it is away from the power socket 10, it can enter the sensing range of the infrared sensor 40, thereby ensuring that the adult will not be harmed by the electric leakage accident that may be generated by the power socket 10. The present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments of the present invention. According to the technical solution of the present embodiment and the new implementation method determined by the actual situation, for example, the DC power source 20 can be converted into an AC power source by connecting a voltage converter, and the integrated Switch Q can be replaced with a triode switch. In the present specification, the following is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the safety socket of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a connection diagram of the power socket and the detection switch of FIG. Figure 3 is a connection diagram of the power plug of Figure 2 inserted into the power socket; Figure 4 is a specific circuit diagram of the unsafe socket of Figure 1; Figure 5 is a structural diagram of another embodiment of the safety socket of the present invention Figure 6 is a specific circuit diagram of the safety socket shown in Figure 5; 13 200922032 • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the safety socket shown in Figure 5; [Main component symbol description] Power socket 10 Firewire terminal 11 Neutral terminal 12 DC power supply 20 Detection switch 30 Fire wire 31 Neutral wire 32 Connection key 33 Elastic component 34 Infrared sensor 40 Relay 50, 55 Coil 56 Control unit 60, 65 14