200916792 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關於接地的偵測，尤其是有關於一種針對生 產線上的作業人員，是否有配戴好防靜電腕帶或類似的接地 機制以避免靜電危害的偵測裝置。 【先前技術】 如何避免靜電破壞而造成重要製程的失敗或昂貴原物料 的損失，仍是高科技的半導體、電子產業相當頭痛的問題。 良好的接地是避免靜電危害的最重要方法，但儘管在科技發 達的今天，要做到與確保生產過程中良好的接地卻仍是一件 困難的工作。 一般的生產工作環境中，通常包含多條生產線，而一條 生產線常包含著多個分別進行不同生產或組裝步驟的工作 站。為了避免靜電傷害到工作站所用的電子元件、設備、製 具、或是生產中的半成品，作業人員通常會被要求配戴防靜 電的腕帶（wrist strap )，另外地面上通常也會鋪設防靜電的 地墊（floor mat )，工作站的桌面上則鋪有防靜電的桌墊（table mat)等。如第1圖所示，工作站的地勢10、桌墊20、腕帶 30通常都是分別以接地線並聯到工作站的一個共同點接地 (common point ground ) 40。共同點接地40通常是一個固定 在工作站適當位置的金屬片或金屬導線，外面覆以塑膠外殼 加以保護（圖中僅繪出腕帶30與共同點接地40之間的接地 200916792 線）。一條生產線的各個工作站的共同點接地40是通常是用 串聯或並聯起來，最後再匯集一起和廠房的設備接地 (equipment ground)或大地接地（earth ground)連接（為了 簡化起見，這一部份在圖中沒有繪出）。藉由這樣的設置，站 在或坐在工作站前進行工作的作業人員身上攜帶或累積的靜 電得以經由腕帶、桌墊、或地墊、工作站的共同點接地、建 築的設備接地或另外獨立的大地接地漏:¾到大地，以排除可 能的靜電危害。 前述的接地架構基本上是有效的而且也行之有年。但在 實際應用上有以下的一些缺點。首先，這樣的接地架構對於 腕帶、桌墊、或地墊是否有確實連接到共同點接地欠缺偵測 的能力。例如腕帶、桌墊、或地墊和共同點接地間的接地線 可能鏽蝕或斷裂，或是因為動作的關係而致腕帶和共同點接 地脫離。此外，因為腕帶的接地線通常是以可插拔的插頭形 式和共同點接地的一個接座連接，所以工作人員必需離開工 作站（例如如廁或用餐等）時，可以將插頭拔離（但腕帶仍 配戴在手腕上。），或將整個腕帶脫下，置於工作桌上。等到 回到工作站後再將插頭插回或再將腕帶戴上。而經常發生的 一種情形是，工作人員忘記將插頭插回或戴上腕帶，也有時 工作人員是明知要戴上腕帶，但因嫌麻煩而沒有戴上。因此 作業人員身上攜帶或工作中累積的靜電在無法經由腕帶消除 200916792 的情形下極可能就會損害組裝、生產過程中的成品或半成 品，甚至是昂貴的電子設備機具。 【發明内容】 因此，本發明提出一種針對生產線上的工作人員是否有 配戴好防靜電腕帶或類似的接地措施的偵測裝置，以解決前 述現行作法的問題。 本偵測裝置的主要特徵之一是利用無線的能量傳送與感 應機制（例如紅外線）偵測工作人員是否位於工作站前。在 確知有工作人員的情形下，本偵測裝置同時偵測該工作人員 是否經由腕帶與大地構成一具有適當電阻的漏洩迴路。如果 發現該漏洩迴路的電阻值不正常（例如未配戴腕帶）或是腕 帶未適當接地（例如腕帶雖已連接共同點接地，但接地線内 的1ΜΩ電阻斷掉或短路），則會發出警示訊號。 本偵測裝置的另一主要特徵是採用對具有溫度的人體的 移動偵測方式，以提高偵測工作人員的準確度，並避免因位 於工作站前的座椅等物件而誤判工作人員已經就定位。 本偵測裝置的又一主要特徵是可以進一步和桌墊與地墊 至少二者之一以接地線和對腕帶的偵測予以並聯，而同時偵 測桌墊、或地墊、或二者是否構成一具有適當電阻的漏茂迴 路。 本偵測裝置的再一主要特徵是可以進一步和桌墊與地墊 7 200916792 至少二者之一以接地線和對腕帶的偵測予以串聯，而同時偵 測該數者是否共同構成一具有適當電阻的漏洩迴路。 本偵測裝置的另一主要特徵是可以進一步將一或多個本 偵測裝置以一控制迴路和一中央監控站連線，而由該和中央 監控站從遠端監控是否有警示訊號發生、或控制各個本偵測 裝置的開關與設定。 茲配合所附圖示、實施例之詳細說明及申請專利範圍， 將上述及本發明之其他目的與優點詳述於後。當可了解所附 圖示純係為解說本發明之精神而設，不當視為本發明範疇之 定義。有關本發明範疇之定義，請參照所附之申請專利範圍。 【實施方式】 第2a圖所示係依據本發明第一實施例的偵測裝置的電氣 連線的示意圖。如圖所示，本實施例的偵測裝置100是一個 以一微處理器電路200為核心的獨立裝置。其對外的電氣連 線有三個，一是透過電纜（power cable)或是外部電源供應 器（像是筆記本電腦所用的transformer )與市電的連接，除 了經由一電源單元500提供微處理器電路200所需的直流電 力外，還有一點很重要的是取得市電的接地60。另一個是經 由一界面120與廠房的設備接地或大地接地（以下統稱「大 地接地」）50連接，這可以透過工作站的共同點接地40來達 成，或是如圖示般自行與大地接地50連接；第三個是經由界 200916792 面110與腕帶30的接地線裡的二條導線31、32連接。導線 31的一端在本偵測裝置100内部和大地接地50相接續，導 線32的一端則經由微處理器電路200和市電接地60相接 續。請同時參見第2b圖，導線31、32的另一端係分別連接 到腕帶30裡内含的二片導電片33。腕帶30通常具有一絕緣 外殼，導電片33係置於絕緣外殼内侧以與手腕肌膚70接觸。 因此，當工作人員正常配戴腕帶30時，如第2a圖中虛線所 示，從市電接地60、大地、大地接地50、導線31、工作人 員的肌膚70、導線32、再經由微處理器電路200構成一漏洩 迴路。微處理器電路200的主要功能之一就在偵測該漏洩迴 路是否具有一適當的電阻（更精確的說，是微處理器電路200 從第二導線32與市電接地60之間看出去的電阻）。 請注意到，腕帶30的接地線和本偵測裝置100之間的界 面110可以是動態插接與分離的，例如接地線的一端為插頭， 本偵測裝置100則為一對應的插座。在其他實施例裡，腕帶 30的接地線和本偵測裝置100之間的界面110也可以採用固 接的連接方式。同理，界面120和大地接地50的連接可以是 固接的，也可以是動態插接的。 前述實施例僅提供對腕帶30的偵測，第1圖中的地墊 10、桌墊20仍是和共同點接地40連接。第2c圖所示係依據 本發明第二實施例的偵測裝置的電氣連線的示意圖。在本實 200916792 施例中，本偵測裝置100同時扮演共同點接地40的角色。如 圖所示（為了簡化起見，省略了地墊10)，桌墊20的接地線 的導線21、22經由界面130串接在大地接地50和腕帶30之 間（界面130可以是固接或動態插接）而構成較大的漏洩迴 路（如圖中虛線所示）。微處理器電路200得以同時偵測桌墊 20與腕帶30。同理，可以很容易的推知如何將地墊10(其 接地線同樣也具有二條導線）也藉由串聯的方式納入偵測。 因此，本偵測裝置可以在偵測腕帶30之外，同時將地墊10 與桌墊20至少二者之一納入同一漏洩迴路進行偵測。 微處理器電路200藉由對漏洩迴路電阻的偵測來判斷漏 洩迴路是否肴發生問題，但是前述的串聯腕帶、桌墊、與地 墊的方式並無法判斷出問題的是腕帶、桌墊、還是地墊。第 2d圖所示，則是將腕帶30與桌墊20並聯在大地接地50與 微處理器電路200之間，因此微處理器電路200可以分別對 腕帶30與桌墊20進行偵測。同理，如何將地墊10也納入偵 測是可以很容易推知的，所以不再贅述。請注意到採用並聯 方式偵測的微處理器電路200和串聯方式偵測的微處理器電 路200並不完全相同，但是一旦瞭解以串聯方式偵測的微處 理器電路200，就可以很容易的推知以並聯方式偵測的微處 理器電路200。在某些實施例裡，甚至可以對腕帶、桌墊、 地墊、甚至其他需要偵測的對象，某些採用串聯、某些採用 200916792 並聯的方式進行偵測。此外，也可以對一個以上的腕帶、桌 墊、地墊進行偵測。因此以下為了簡化起見，是以串聯方式 偵測的微處理器電路200，而且只考慮一個腕帶30為例來說 明本偵測裝置100的細節。 第3 a圖所示係依據本發明一實施例的偵測裝置的微處理 器電路的功能方塊圖。請注意到，本偵測裝置100的電源單 元500,除了將市電接地60電氣連接到微處理器電路200外， 還會將市電或外部電源供應器的電壓轉換為微處理器電路 200所適用的直流電壓（亦即圖中的Vin )。 如圖所示，微處理器電路200包含有一個比較放大單元 210,其中主要是由一個以上的運算放大器所構成。圖中串聯 的可變電阻Rl、R2其實也是比較放大單元210的一部份， 但為了說明起見將之額外繪出。可變電阻Rl、R2的設置使 得比較放大單元210裡的運算放大器得以比較由導線32導入 的漏洩迴路的電阻值是否介於R2與R1之間。換言之，比較 放大單元210的作用在比較漏洩迴路的電阻值是否介於一較 小之第一電阻值R2與一較大之第二電阻值R1之間，以判斷 工作人員是否有配戴腕帶30。如果工作人員沒有配戴腕帶 3 0、或是腕帶3 0的接地線有鏽钱或斷裂情形，漏泡迴路的電 阻值會大於第二電阻值。或者，如果工作人員有配戴腕帶30 而且腕帶30與其接地線都是正常的情形下，漏洩迴路的電阻 11 200916792 值也不應小到低於第一電阻值。所以，當漏泡迴路的電阻值 大於第二電阻值或小於第一電阻值時，比較放大單元210就 會觸發處理器單元220的動作。本發明也有一些實施例僅包 含可變電阻R1 (亦即省略了圖中的可變電阻R2 )，這些實施 例因此只會檢測漏洩迴路的電阻值是否小於可變電阻R1的 電阻值。也有一些實施例採用的是固定電阻，但是採用可變 電阻的好處是可以針對漏洩迴路的特性（例如僅包含腕帶在 内的漏洩迴路、還是有包含腕帶、桌墊等串聯在内的漏洩迴 路等）而動態加以調整。可變電阻Rl、R2的調整可以是透 過暴露在本偵測裝置外殼的調整旋趣來進行，也可以是透過 本偵測裝置外殼上的控制面板來進行，稍後會有進一步的細 Λ-/Γ 即0 處理器單元220是本偵測裝置的核心。其基本上是由一 早晶片所構成’該早晶片内建有存放控制勃體的程式記憶 體、隨機存取記憶體、震盪器與時脈電路、輸入輸出的線路 等。對於熟悉單晶片設計的人士其細節是可以不必贅述的。 在受到比較放大單元210的觸發後，處理器單元220驅 動警示單元230以發出警示訊號，以提醒工作人員配戴腕帶 或是提示管理人員來進行處理。警示單元230包含有一或多 個例如利用發光二極體（LED)的燈號。藉由點亮或閃爍這 些燈號來提供視覺上的警示。警示單元230也可以包含喇叭 12 200916792 或蜂鳴器等電路以提供聽覺上的警示。前述視覺與聽覺上的 警示可以擇一實施或合併實施。警示單元230還可以進一步 包含繼電器電路以觸發外部的警報器等等。在觸發處理器單 元220的狀況消失後，處理器單元220會驅動警示單元230 停止發出警示訊號。或者本偵測裝置外殼上具有控制按鈕或 是控制面板，可以將警示訊號手動關閉。 人員偵測單元240的作用是在偵測是否有工作人員位於 工作站前（亦即本偵測裝置前），並將偵測的結果（例如偵測 到有人員出現或存在時產生一人員出現訊號、偵測到人員離 開或不在時發出另一人員離開訊號）即時傳送給處理器單元 220。藉此，處理器單元220得以在確定有工作人員位於工作 站前時（例如收到人員出現訊號後尚未進一步收到人員離開 訊號），才會根據對漏洩迴路的電阻值的偵測結果決定是否發 出警示。因此，當工作人員必需離開工作站而褪下腕帶30、 或是將腕帶30的接地線從本偵測裝置的動態插接界面110 (見第2a、2b、2c圖）分離時，處理器單元220雖然發現漏 洩迴路的電阻值異常（因為處於斷路的狀態），處理器單元 220因為收到人員離開訊號而不會指示警示單元230發出警 示訊號。但是當人員偵測單元240偵測到有人員出現時，處 理器單元220就會開始根據比較放大單元210輸出的結果來 驅動警示單元230，以避免返回工作崗位的工作人員忘記配 13 200916792 戴腕帶3 0或是忘記重新將腕帶3 0的接地線插回動態插接界 面110。請注意到，人員偵測單元240僅提供是否有人員出現 或離開的偵測結果，判斷仍是由處理器單元220的韌體來進 行的。為了避免誤判也為了給予工作人員就定位的時間，處 理器單元220的韌體通常是在發現人員離開時就停止依據比 較放大單元210輸出的結果來驅動警示單元230 ;但是在工 作人員重新出現後一段時間（例如5秒），才恢復依據比較放 大單元210輸出的結果來驅動警示單元230。 人員偵測單元240偵測人員是否存在的方式主要有主動 式與被動式二種。第3b圖所示係採用主動式的人員偵測單元 的示意圖。如圖所示，主動式的人員偵測單元240具有一無 線的能量發送源，例如圖中所示的紅外線LED 241或是雷達 等能以一偈限範圍（例如朝向從業人員所在位置）發送出適 當頻段的電磁波或超音波的元件。主動式的人員偵測單元2 4 0 還需要具有一感應從工作人員身上反射回來的能量感測器 (sensor )，例如圖中所示的紅外線接受器242。在吾人曰常 生活中，這種主動式的偵測技術已經有許多類似的應用，因 此發送源、感測器這些元件和相關電路都已經有許多揭露可 以依循或是現成的模組可以採用。例如主動式的紅外線偵測 在自動沖水的衛浴設備中很常見，採用超音波者則可以在汽 車的倒車雷達找到類似的應用。如圖所示，處理器單元220 14 200916792 的一個輸出控制一電子開關243以開啟或關閉紅外線LED 241的點亮。紅外線接受器242的偵測結果則傳送給處理器 單元220的一個輸入。 對本發明而言，主動式的偵測具有一定實效，但是工作 站前常會設有工作人員的座椅，人員偵測單元240並不易區 別工作站前是工作人員、還是工作人員離開位置後的座椅。 被動式的偵測方式在本發明中則有較高判斷準確度。最常見 的被動式彳貞測就是被動紅外線（passive infrared, PIR )感測 器。被動紅外線感測器可以偵測一定範圍内、有溫度的物件 的移動。這在安全監控的領域裡是常用到的元件，但是由於 其無法區別貓狗的移動與人類的移動而有誤判之虞，因此近 年來應用漸趨狹隘，但對本發明所應用的生產環境而言，由 於可以區別有溫度的人體以及溫度相對低許多的座椅，反而 相當適當。如第3c圖所示，被動式的人員偵測單元240，由 於只需要一個被動紅外線感測器244，其實更為簡單。 還有一種被動式的偵測方式是在人員偵測單元240裡採 用一攝影鏡頭，然後人員偵測單元240裡對攝影鏡頭所擷取 的影像進行移動偵測的方式作判斷。這種方式同樣在安全監 控的領域已經相當流行。藉由適當的演算法，這種被動式偵 測可以達到最高的準確度，但是人員偵測單元240要變得比 第3b、3c圖複雜許多，而且本偵測裝置100的成本也會高很 15 200916792 多。 第3d圖所示係依據本發明另一實施例的偵測裝置的微 處理器電路的功能方塊圖。在本實施例中，微處理器電路200 額外包含一個控制界面單元250。該控制界面單元250係提 供本發明的偵測裝置100 —個人機界面，其與偵測裝置100 外殼的一或多個按鍵（未圖示）電氣連接並與處理器單元220 的若干輸入輸出連接（亦即雙向的訊號交換），以提供設定處 理器單元220運作上的若干參數（例如工作人員重新出現後 多少時間以後，才恢復依據比較放大單元210輸出的結果來 驅動警示單元230 )、開關偵測功能、開關警示功能等。控制 界面單元250可進一步包含一個小型液晶面板（未圖示），以 顯示目前偵測裝置100的狀態、或供檢視參數、設定之用。 處理器單元220也可以將警示訊息顯示於面板之上。 由於一般生產環境包含多條生產線，每一生產線又包含 眾多工作站，若需要逐一設定與監控每一工作站的本偵測裝 置100勢必耗費相當人力與時間，因此第4a圖所示本發明的 微處理器電路200又一實施例裡，微處理器電路200額外增 加一個網路界面單元260。該網路界面單元260與偵測裝置 的一個網路界面140電氣連接，並與處理器單元220之間透 過處理器單元220的輸入與輸出進行雙向的資料交換。該網 路界面140提供一個與外部網路300的連線功能。網路300 16 200916792 可以是符合802·11χ等協定的有線或無線的區域網路、或是 符合RS-485、Lonworks等協定的控制網路。視所採用的網路 為何，網路界面140提供相容的實體見面（例如是RJ45的界 面以與有線的區域網路連接）。如第4b圖所示，多個工作站 的本偵測裝置100可以透過網路300而由一監控主機400來 集中監控。因此在處理器單元220發現漏洩迴路的電阻值不 正常時，處理器單元220除了驅動警示單元230以發出警示 訊號外，也可以同時透過網路界面單元260與網路300主動 發送訊息給監控主機400，或者監控主機400可以採用輪詢 (polling)的方式週期性的與各偵測裝置100的處理器單元 220通訊，以取得各偵測裝置100的狀態（例如是否有警示 訊號發生）。同時，監控主機400也可以透過網路300針對特 定偵測裝置100、或是所有偵測裝置100設定其參數、開啟 關閉警示功能等。 最後需要特別指出的是，以上所述雖主要以腕帶的配戴 與否為本偵測裝置主要的偵測對象，而腕帶也是目前最為通 用的從業人員防靜電機制，但本偵測裝置的精神實可應用於 任何以二導線分別接觸二點人體肌膚、再由此二導線漏洩靜 電的防靜電機制，實不以腕帶為限。 藉由以上具體實施例之詳述，係希望能更加清楚描述本 創作之特徵與精神，而並非以上述所揭露的具體實施例來對 17 200916792 本創作之範疇加以限制。相反地，其目的是希望能涵蓋各種 改變及具相等性的安排於本創作所欲申請之專利範圍的範疇 内。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖所示係工作站習知的接地架構。 第2a圖所示係依據本發明第一實施例的偵測裝置的電氣連線 的示意圖。 第2b圖所示係搭配本發明的偵測裝置的腕帶的示意圖。 第2c圖所示係依據本發明第二實施例的偵測裝置的電氣連線 的示意圖。 第2d圖所示係依據本發明第三實施例的偵測裝置的電氣連 線的不意圖。 第3a圖所示係依據本發明一實施例的偵測裝置的微處理器電 路的功能方塊圖。 第3b圖所示係依據本發明的偵測裝置的主動式人員偵測單 元的示意圖。 第3c圖所示係依據本發明的偵測裝置的被動式人員偵測單元 的示意圖。 第3d圖所示係依據本發明另一實施例的偵測裝置的微處理 器電路的功能方塊圖。 第4a圖所示係依據本發明又一實施例的偵測裝置的微處理器 18 200916792 電路的功能方塊圖。 第4b圖所示係第4a圖所示的偵測裝置由一監控主機集中監 控的不意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 10 地墊 20 桌墊 21 > 22 導線 30 腕帶 31、32 導線 33 金屬片 40 共同點接地 50 大地接地 60 市電接地 70 肌膚 100 偵測裝置 110 界面 120 界面 130 界面 140 網路界面 200 微處理器電路 210 比較放大單元 220 處理器單元 230 警示單元 240 人員偵測單元 241 紅外線LED 242 紅外線接受器 243 電子開關 244 被動紅外線感測器 250 控制界面單元 260 網路界面單元 300 網路 400 監控主機 500 電源單元 Yin 電壓 Rl, R2 可變電阻 19200916792 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present invention relates to the detection of grounding, and in particular to an operator working on a production line, whether an antistatic wrist strap or the like is worn. A detection device that avoids electrostatic hazards. [Prior Art] How to avoid the failure of electrostatic processes and the loss of important processes or the loss of expensive raw materials is still a headache for high-tech semiconductor and electronics industries. Good grounding is the most important way to avoid electrostatic hazards, but even in today's technological developments, it is still difficult to ensure good grounding in the production process. In a typical production work environment, there are usually multiple production lines, and one production line often contains multiple stations for different production or assembly steps. In order to avoid static damage to the electronic components, equipment, tools, or semi-finished products used in the workstation, workers are often required to wear an anti-static wrist strap, and anti-static is usually placed on the ground. The floor mat is placed on the desktop of the workstation with an anti-static table mat. As shown in Fig. 1, the topography 10, the table mat 20, and the wristband 30 of the workstation are typically connected to a common point ground 40 of the workstation by a ground line. The common point ground 40 is usually a metal piece or a metal wire fixed at a suitable position on the workstation, and is covered with a plastic outer casing (only the grounding of the wristband 30 and the common ground 40 is grounded in the figure 200916792). The common point grounding 40 of each workstation of a production line is usually connected in series or in parallel, and finally collected together with the equipment ground or earth ground connection (for the sake of simplicity, this part) Not shown in the figure). With such an arrangement, static electricity carried or accumulated on the worker standing or sitting in front of the workstation can be grounded via a wristband, a table mat, or a floor mat, a common ground of the workstation, grounding of the building equipment, or otherwise independent. Earth ground leakage: 3⁄4 to earth to eliminate possible electrostatic hazards. The aforementioned grounding architecture is basically effective and has been around for a long time. However, there are some disadvantages in practical applications. First, such a grounding architecture is capable of detecting whether the wristband, table mat, or floor mat is indeed connected to a common ground fault. For example, the grounding wire between the wristband, the table mat, or the floor mat and the common ground may be rusted or broken, or the wristband and the common point may be disconnected due to the action. In addition, because the grounding wire of the wristband is usually connected in the form of a pluggable plug and a joint that is commonly grounded, the worker must pull the plug away when leaving the workstation (eg toilet or meal, etc.) The wristband is still worn on the wrist.), or the entire wristband is removed and placed on the work table. Wait until you return to the workstation and then plug the plug back or put the wristband on. A common occurrence is that the staff forgets to insert the plug or put on the wristband, and sometimes the staff knows to wear the wristband, but they are not wearing it because of trouble. Therefore, the static electricity accumulated on the workman's body or at work cannot be eliminated through the wristband. In the case of 200916792, it is very likely to damage the finished or semi-finished products in assembly and production, even expensive electronic equipment. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention is directed to a detection device for a worker on a production line having an antistatic wrist strap or similar grounding measure to solve the problems of the prior art described above. One of the main features of the detection device is the use of wireless energy transfer and sensing mechanisms (such as infrared) to detect if a worker is in front of the workstation. In the case where a staff member is known, the detecting device simultaneously detects whether the worker forms a leak circuit with a suitable resistance via the wristband and the earth. If the resistance value of the leaky circuit is found to be abnormal (for example, the wristband is not worn) or the wrist strap is not properly grounded (for example, the wrist strap is connected to the common point, but the 1ΜΩ resistor in the grounding wire is broken or shorted). A warning signal will be sent. Another main feature of the detecting device is that the motion detection mode of the human body with temperature is used to improve the accuracy of the detecting staff, and to avoid misidentification of the staff having been positioned due to the seat and the like in front of the workstation. . Another main feature of the detecting device is that the grounding wire and the detection of the wristband can be further connected in parallel with at least one of the table mat and the floor mat, and at the same time, the table mat, or the floor mat, or both are detected. Whether it constitutes a leaky loop with appropriate resistance. A further main feature of the detecting device is that the grounding line and the detection of the wristband can be further connected in series with at least one of the table mat and the floor mat 7 200916792, and at the same time, detecting whether the plurality of people have a common Leakage circuit for appropriate resistors. Another main feature of the detecting device is that one or more detecting devices can be further connected by a control loop and a central monitoring station, and the central monitoring station monitors whether a warning signal occurs from the remote end. Or control the switches and settings of each detection device. The above and other objects and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and claims. It is to be understood that the appended drawings are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. For a definition of the scope of the invention, please refer to the attached patent application. [Embodiment] Fig. 2a is a schematic view showing the electrical connection of the detecting device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the detecting device 100 of the present embodiment is a stand-alone device with a microprocessor circuit 200 as its core. There are three external electrical connections, one is the connection to the mains via a power cable or an external power supply (such as a transformer used in a notebook computer), except that the microprocessor circuit 200 is provided via a power supply unit 500. In addition to the DC power required, it is also important to obtain the grounding 60 of the mains. The other is connected to the equipment grounding or earth grounding (hereinafter collectively referred to as "earth grounding") 50 via an interface 120, which can be achieved through the common grounding 40 of the workstation, or connected to the grounding ground 50 as shown. The third is connected to the two wires 31, 32 in the grounding wire of the wristband 30 via the face 200916792. One end of the wire 31 is connected to the earth ground 50 inside the detecting device 100, and one end of the wire 32 is connected to the mains ground 60 via the microprocessor circuit 200. Referring also to Fig. 2b, the other ends of the wires 31, 32 are respectively connected to the two conductive sheets 33 contained in the wristband 30. The wristband 30 generally has an insulative housing, and the conductive sheet 33 is placed inside the insulative housing to contact the wrist skin 70. Therefore, when the staff wears the wristband 30 normally, as shown by the broken line in Fig. 2a, from the mains ground 60, the ground, the grounding 50, the wire 31, the skin 70 of the worker, the wire 32, and then the microprocessor Circuit 200 constitutes a leak circuit. One of the primary functions of microprocessor circuit 200 is to detect if the leak circuit has an appropriate resistance (more precisely, the resistance seen by microprocessor circuit 200 from second conductor 32 and mains ground 60). ). Please note that the interface between the grounding wire of the wristband 30 and the detecting device 100 can be dynamically plugged and separated. For example, one end of the grounding wire is a plug, and the detecting device 100 is a corresponding socket. In other embodiments, the grounding wire of the wristband 30 and the interface 110 between the detecting device 100 can also be fixedly connected. Similarly, the connection between interface 120 and ground ground 50 can be either fixed or dynamically plugged. The foregoing embodiment provides only the detection of the wristband 30. The floor mat 10 and the table mat 20 in Fig. 1 are still connected to the common point ground 40. Fig. 2c is a schematic view showing the electrical connection of the detecting device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment of the present invention 200916792, the detecting device 100 simultaneously plays the role of the common point ground 40. As shown (for simplicity, the floor mat 10 is omitted), the wires 21, 22 of the grounding wire of the table mat 20 are connected in series between the ground ground 50 and the wrist strap 30 via the interface 130 (the interface 130 may be fixed) Or dynamic plugging) to form a larger leak circuit (shown in dashed lines in the figure). The microprocessor circuit 200 is capable of simultaneously detecting the table pad 20 and the wrist band 30. Similarly, it can be easily inferred how to place the ground pad 10 (the ground wire also has two wires) and also detect it by means of a series connection. Therefore, the detecting device can detect the wristband 30 and the at least one of the mat 10 and the mat 20 in the same leak circuit for detection. The microprocessor circuit 200 determines whether the leakage circuit has a problem by detecting the leakage loop resistance, but the aforementioned series of wrist straps, table mats, and floor mats cannot determine the problem is a wrist strap or a table mat. , or the floor mat. As shown in Fig. 2d, the wristband 30 is placed in parallel with the table mat 20 between the ground ground 50 and the microprocessor circuit 200, so that the microprocessor circuit 200 can detect the wristband 30 and the table mat 20, respectively. In the same way, how to incorporate the floor mat 10 into the detection can be easily inferred, so it will not be described again. Please note that the microprocessor circuit 200 detected in parallel mode and the microprocessor circuit 200 detected in series are not identical, but once the microprocessor circuit 200 detected in series is known, it can be easily The microprocessor circuit 200 detected in parallel is inferred. In some embodiments, it is even possible to detect wristbands, table mats, floor mats, and even other objects that need to be detected, in series, and in some ways using 200916792 in parallel. In addition, more than one wristband, table mat, and floor mat can be detected. Therefore, for the sake of simplicity, the microprocessor circuit 200 is detected in series, and only one wristband 30 is considered as an example to illustrate the details of the detecting device 100. Figure 3a is a functional block diagram of a microprocessor circuit of a detecting device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Please note that the power supply unit 500 of the detecting device 100, in addition to electrically connecting the mains ground 60 to the microprocessor circuit 200, converts the voltage of the mains or external power supply into the applicable microprocessor circuit 200. DC voltage (also known as Vin in the figure). As shown, the microprocessor circuit 200 includes a comparison amplification unit 210, which is primarily comprised of more than one operational amplifier. The series-connected variable resistors R1, R2 in the figure are also actually part of the comparison amplifying unit 210, but are additionally depicted for the sake of explanation. The variable resistors R1, R2 are arranged such that the operational amplifiers in the comparison amplifying unit 210 compare the resistance values of the leakage circuits introduced by the wires 32 between R2 and R1. In other words, the comparison amplification unit 210 functions to compare whether the resistance value of the leakage circuit is between a smaller first resistance value R2 and a larger second resistance value R1 to determine whether the worker wears a wristband. 30. If the worker does not wear the wristband 30 or the ground wire of the wristband 30 has rust or breakage, the resistance of the bubble loop will be greater than the second resistance. Alternatively, if the worker wears the wristband 30 and the wristband 30 and its grounding wire are both normal, the resistance of the leakage circuit 11 200916792 should not be as small as the first resistance value. Therefore, when the resistance value of the leaky loop is greater than the second resistance value or less than the first resistance value, the comparison amplification unit 210 triggers the action of the processor unit 220. Some embodiments of the present invention include only the variable resistor R1 (i.e., the variable resistor R2 in the figure is omitted). These embodiments therefore only detect whether the resistance value of the leakage loop is smaller than the resistance value of the variable resistor R1. There are also some embodiments that use a fixed resistor, but the advantage of using a variable resistor is that it can be used for the characteristics of the leaky loop (such as a leaky circuit including only a wrist strap, or a leak including a wrist strap, a table mat, etc.). Circuits, etc.) are dynamically adjusted. The adjustment of the variable resistors R1 and R2 may be performed by adjusting the adjustment and exposing to the outer casing of the detecting device, or may be performed through the control panel on the outer casing of the detecting device, and there will be further fineness later. /Γ That is, the processor unit 220 is the core of the detecting device. It is basically composed of an early wafer. The early wafer is provided with a program memory for storing the control body, a random access memory, an oscillator and a clock circuit, and an input/output line. The details of those familiar with single-chip design are not necessary to repeat. After being triggered by the comparison amplifying unit 210, the processor unit 220 drives the warning unit 230 to issue an alert signal to remind the staff to wear the wristband or prompt the manager for processing. The alert unit 230 includes one or more lights, for example, that utilize light emitting diodes (LEDs). Provide visual alerts by lighting or flashing these lights. The alert unit 230 may also include circuitry such as a speaker 12 200916792 or a buzzer to provide an audible alert. The aforementioned visual and audible warnings may alternatively be implemented or combined. The alert unit 230 may further include a relay circuit to trigger an external alarm or the like. After the condition of the trigger processor unit 220 disappears, the processor unit 220 drives the alert unit 230 to stop issuing the alert signal. Or the detection device has a control button or a control panel on the outer casing to manually turn off the warning signal. The function of the person detecting unit 240 is to detect whether a staff member is located in front of the workstation (that is, in front of the detecting device), and the result of the detecting (for example, detecting the presence or presence of a person to generate a person to appear a signal) The other person leaving the signal when the person is detected to leave or not is sent to the processor unit 220. Thereby, the processor unit 220 can determine whether to issue the fault value according to the detection result of the leakage loop when it is determined that the worker is located in front of the workstation (for example, the person has not received the signal further after receiving the signal). Warning. Therefore, when the worker has to leave the workstation to remove the wristband 30, or to separate the grounding wire of the wristband 30 from the dynamic plug interface 110 (see Figures 2a, 2b, 2c) of the detecting device, the processor Although the unit 220 finds that the resistance value of the leakage circuit is abnormal (because it is in an open state), the processor unit 220 does not instruct the warning unit 230 to issue an alert signal because the person receives the leaving signal. However, when the person detecting unit 240 detects that a person appears, the processor unit 220 starts to drive the warning unit 230 according to the result output by the comparing and amplifying unit 210, so as to avoid the staff returning to the job to forget to wear the wrist. With the band 30 or forgetting to re-insert the ground wire of the wristband 30 back to the dynamic plug interface 110. Please note that the person detecting unit 240 only provides the detection result of whether or not a person appears or leaves, and the judgment is still performed by the firmware of the processor unit 220. In order to avoid misjudgment and to give the staff time to locate, the firmware of the processor unit 220 usually stops driving the warning unit 230 according to the output of the comparison amplifying unit 210 when the discovery person leaves; but after the staff reappears After a period of time (for example, 5 seconds), the warning unit 230 is driven to resume according to the result output by the comparison amplifying unit 210. The method for detecting the presence of a person by the person detecting unit 240 is mainly active or passive. Figure 3b shows a schematic diagram of an active personnel detection unit. As shown, the active person detection unit 240 has a wireless energy transmission source, such as the infrared LED 241 or the radar shown in the figure, which can be sent out within a limited range (for example, toward the practitioner's location). Electromagnetic or ultrasonic components of the appropriate frequency band. The active personnel detection unit 240 also needs to have an energy sensor that reflects back from the worker, such as the infrared receiver 242 shown in the figures. In the normal life of our people, there are many similar applications for this active detection technology. Therefore, the components such as the transmission source and the sensor and related circuits have been widely used to expose the modules that can be followed or ready-made. For example, active infrared detection is common in automatic flushing fixtures, and those using ultrasonics can find similar applications in the car's reversing radar. As shown, an output of processor unit 220 14 200916792 controls an electronic switch 243 to turn the illumination of infrared LED 241 on or off. The detection result of the infrared receiver 242 is transmitted to an input of the processor unit 220. For the purpose of the present invention, the active detection has certain effectiveness, but the seat of the worker is often provided in front of the workstation, and the personnel detecting unit 240 does not easily distinguish between the worker in front of the workstation and the seat after the worker leaves the position. The passive detection method has higher judgment accuracy in the present invention. The most common passive speculation is the passive infrared (PIR) sensor. Passive infrared sensors detect the movement of objects in a range of temperatures. This is a commonly used component in the field of security monitoring, but since it cannot distinguish between the movement of the dog and the dog and the movement of the human being, there is a misjudgment, so the application has become narrower in recent years, but for the production environment to which the present invention is applied, Because it is possible to distinguish between a human body with a temperature and a seat with a relatively low temperature, it is quite appropriate. As shown in Fig. 3c, the passive person detecting unit 240 is simpler because only one passive infrared sensor 244 is required. There is also a passive detection method in which a photographic lens is used in the person detecting unit 240, and then the person detecting unit 240 determines the manner of motion detection of the image captured by the photographic lens. This approach is also quite popular in the field of security monitoring. With proper algorithms, this passive detection can achieve the highest accuracy, but the personnel detection unit 240 is much more complicated than the 3b and 3c diagrams, and the cost of the detection apparatus 100 is also high. More than 200916792. Figure 3d is a functional block diagram of a microprocessor circuit of a detecting device in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, microprocessor circuit 200 additionally includes a control interface unit 250. The control interface unit 250 provides the detecting device 100 of the present invention, a personal computer interface, which is electrically connected to one or more buttons (not shown) of the detecting device 100 housing and connected to several input and output of the processor unit 220. (that is, two-way signal exchange) to provide a set of parameters for setting the operation of the processor unit 220 (for example, after the time after the staff reappears, the recovery of the warning unit 230 according to the output of the comparison amplification unit 210 is resumed), the switch Detection function, switch warning function, etc. The control interface unit 250 can further include a small liquid crystal panel (not shown) for displaying the status of the current detecting device 100, or for viewing parameters and settings. The processor unit 220 can also display an alert message on the panel. Since the general production environment includes a plurality of production lines, each of which contains a plurality of workstations, it is inconvenient and time-consuming to set and monitor the detection device 100 of each workstation one by one, so the microprocessing of the present invention shown in FIG. 4a In still another embodiment of the circuit 200, the microprocessor circuit 200 additionally adds a network interface unit 260. The network interface unit 260 is electrically connected to a network interface 140 of the detecting device and exchanges data with the processor unit 220 through the input and output of the processor unit 220. The network interface 140 provides a connection to the external network 300. The network 300 16 200916792 may be a wired or wireless regional network conforming to the 802.11χ agreement or a control network conforming to protocols such as RS-485 and Lonworks. Depending on the network used, the web interface 140 provides a compatible physical encounter (e.g., the interface of the RJ45 to connect to a wired local area network). As shown in Fig. 4b, the detecting device 100 of a plurality of workstations can be centrally monitored by a monitoring host 400 via the network 300. Therefore, when the processor unit 220 finds that the resistance value of the leakage circuit is abnormal, the processor unit 220 can send a message to the monitoring host through the network interface unit 260 and the network 300 simultaneously by driving the warning unit 230 to issue an alert signal. 400, or the monitoring host 400 can periodically communicate with the processor unit 220 of each detecting device 100 in a polling manner to obtain the status of each detecting device 100 (for example, whether an alert signal occurs). At the same time, the monitoring host 400 can also set its parameters, turn on and off the warning function, etc. for the specific detecting device 100 or all the detecting devices 100 through the network 300. Finally, it should be pointed out that although the above is mainly the main detection object of the detection device, the wristband is also the most common anti-static mechanism for the practitioners, but the detection device The spirit can be applied to any anti-static mechanism that touches two human skins with two wires and then leaks static electricity from the two wires. It is not limited to wristbands. The features and spirit of the present invention are intended to be more clearly described in the detailed description of the embodiments, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. On the contrary, it is intended to cover a variety of changes and equivalences within the scope of the patent application to which the present invention is intended. [Simple description of the diagram] Figure 1 shows the known grounding architecture of the workstation. Fig. 2a is a schematic view showing the electrical connection of the detecting device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2b is a schematic illustration of a wristband associated with the detection device of the present invention. Fig. 2c is a schematic view showing the electrical connection of the detecting device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2d is a schematic view showing the electrical connection of the detecting device according to the third embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3a is a functional block diagram of a microprocessor circuit of a detecting device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3b is a schematic illustration of an active personnel detection unit of a detection device in accordance with the present invention. Figure 3c is a schematic illustration of a passive personnel detection unit of a detection device in accordance with the present invention. Figure 3d is a functional block diagram of a microprocessor circuit of a detecting device in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4a is a functional block diagram of the circuitry of the microprocessor 18 200916792 of the detecting device in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4b shows the intent of the detection device shown in Figure 4a to be centrally monitored by a monitoring host. [Main component symbol description] 10 Floor mat 20 Table mat 21 > 22 Conductor 30 Wrist strap 31, 32 Conductor 33 Metal sheet 40 Common point grounding 50 Earth ground 60 Mains ground 70 Skin 100 Detection device 110 Interface 120 Interface 130 Interface 140 Network interface 200 microprocessor circuit 210 comparison amplification unit 220 processor unit 230 warning unit 240 personnel detection unit 241 infrared LED 242 infrared receiver 243 electronic switch 244 passive infrared sensor 250 control interface unit 260 network interface unit 300 Network 400 monitoring host 500 power unit Yin voltage Rl, R2 variable resistor 19