200912890 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關一種音樂積體電路(ic)，特是關於一種 可以取代機械式音樂盒機心的音樂IC及其音樂處理方法。 5 【先前技術】 音樂盒(music box)廣泛地應用在珠寶首飾盒上，或者 搭配陶瓷等人物玩偶當作裝飾品，由於音樂盒的音色清脆 悅耳動聽，因此受到相當多人的喜愛，尤其是歐洲的名人 10 雅士更是喜愛收藏音樂盒。圖1顯示習知音樂盒的機心 10，傳統的音樂盒機心10為機械式，其主要結構包括滾 筒12及簧片組14,音樂盒機心10係以發條帶動滾筒12， 滾筒12上安置多個突出針點122按樂譜所需依次排列， 當滾筒12轉動時，滾筒12上的針點122將撥動簧片組14 15中的簧片142以發出所需的音階，根據樂譜需要可以同時 撥動多個簧片142。然而，簧片142的厚薄及長短是音階 高低的依據，其材質也影響音色，所以調音加工是技術關 鍵，目前只有少數工廠具備這樣的技術，台灣及大陸的音 樂盒機心加工廠仍需由日本進口簧片組14,近年來，雖有 2〇少數工廠開始自行製簧片組14，惟音色尚有差距。 此外，簧片組14的安裝也頗為複雜，其與滾筒12的 距離必須適中才能在滾筒12轉動時有效撥動，而且用以 固定簀片142的螺絲144不能太鬆也不能太緊，這對音色 都有影響，由此可見機械式機心10的生產是相當複雜而 5 200912890 且困難的。再者，近年來材料價格飛漲，尤其是製造簧片 142的銅、鎳及錫等金屬的價格更是居高不下，因而造成 本的大幅上升。另外，一個機械式機心10只能播放一首 曲子，而且滾筒12的大小也限制了曲子的長度。 5 因此，一種能取代音樂盒中機械式機心的電子式機 心，乃為所冀。 【發明内容】 本發明係有關一種可以取代機械式音樂盒機心的音 10 樂1C及其音樂處理方法。 根據本發明，一種音樂1C及其音樂處理方法包括一 音色處理單元對多個聲道中音符資料之音色做亮度調整 以模擬出逼真之音樂盒機心音效，一節拍產生單元決定該 多個聲道中音符資料的節拍，一延長音單元延長該多個聲 15 道中音符資料的拍子長度以模擬簧片撥動後持續之尾 音，一聲音力度處理單元調整該多個聲道中音符資料的力 度強弱，一混音單元結合該多個聲道中的音符資料產生一 第一合成音，一後置力度處理單元強化或衰減該第一合成 音的力度產生一第二合成音，以及一輸出單元將該第二合 20 成音由數位信號轉為類比信號後傳送至負載播放。 相較於習知的機械式音樂盒機心，本發明的音樂1C 量產容易而且成本較低，此外其可以儲存多首曲子，每曲 子的長度不受限制。也由於是以電子式的音樂1C取代音 樂盒的機械式機心，故輸入操作介面較有靈活及多樣性。 6 200912890 【實施方式】 圖2顯示一種可做為音樂盒電子式機心的音樂I 系統方塊圖，其中樂譜記憶單元22儲 ，冰、 譜’輸入介面2。包括多個按鍵以供使用父= 的曲子，控制單元46用以控制各單，所要播放 Α丨抑—^ 早兀的運作流程，當控 到來自輸入介面20的信號後， 用者所選取的樂譜的音符傳送至基本; 10 15 早π 24。由於此音樂Ic具有多個聲道，因此可以 杈擬夕個餐片同時撥動的效果。接著 號致能基本音符記憶單元24，基^46發幻吕 一些曰付的音符資料，例如，中音的H Μ存 s〇、La及si等，基本音符記憶單元24將根據每一 中的音符送H1相對應料符，料 、 記情單亓？？》甘j社”他實把例中，樂譜 L _單元24可以放置在音樂忙 的^。為了有效縮減基本音符記憶單元24的容量、，利 用一音階擴展單元26擴展基本 _ 資料以得到基本音符記广…付1^ 7024中的音符 如，樂譜記憶單二中沒有的音符資料，例 憶單元24 ° _，但基本音符記 單元24輸出不正確二二:Γ此時基本音符記憶 %將把基本音符纪憶單^的曰付貪料’音階擴展單元 為正確的高音D。的音符資料。斤：出：基本音符資料擴展 24的裳旦士 、；反過來說，假如記憶單元 里 以儲存樂譜中的所有音符的資料時，可以 20 200912890 將音階擴展單元26移除。控制單元46根據樂譜記憶單元 22中的樂譜提供參數給節拍產生單元28，節拍產生單元 28根據控制單元所提供的參數及頻率振盪器30所提供的 參考頻率控制音樂進行速度。其中，節拍產生單元28包 5括時序產生器。音色處理單元32針對每一聲道的音符資 料進行音色的亮度調整，音色調整的方式包括針對各音符 資料的頻帶施以加強及衰減之調整，以及針對音符資料的 封包形狀加以調整，調整後的音符資料與節拍產生單元28 提供之節拍同步後輸出至延長音單元34。延長音單元34 1〇用以延長所選擇聲道中音符資料的拍子長度，藉以製造出 敲擊樂器敲擊完後聲音仍會持續一段時間並逐漸遞減的 效果，控制單元46根據樂譜控制.延長音單元34是否延長 音符資料的拍子。聲音力度處理單元36調整各聲道的音 符資料的力度，使整首音樂更有層次感。混音單元38將 15 各聲道的音符資料做無失真混音產生一合成音。後置力度 處理單元40處理混音單元38所輸出的合成音，使其產生 漸弱漸強的節奏感。由於各聲道的音符資料已被結合成一 合成音，故只需一個輸出單元40將後置力度處理單元40 所輸出的合成音由數位信號轉為類比信號，在轉換過程 20中，輸出單元42將進行補點處理以降低失真度，最後再 由喇叭44將音樂播出。其中輸出單元40包括一數位類比 轉換器。 圖3係音階擴展單元26的實施例，其包括多個子電 路對應多個聲道，每一子電路包括一鎖相迴路2602及一 8 200912890 暫存器26〇4。以笛„數.¾达，， Μ的音符㈣^ 來自基本音符記憶單元 在:實 的頻率特性，_ 迴路26G2能夠產生不同 ;率振鮮元46所提供的參數X將來自頻 調=::率=;改變為頻率…，最後將 慢，進而達=r广調整音符_快 對應：聲係:色一實 10 15 一頻帶增益調整電路遍:3202、 3—2封_，憶 是^整及封包整理兩個部分。頻帶增益調整 =針對各曰付貧料的頻帶施以加強及衰減之調整 整 1 道為例，當音料料由輸人端1讀人至富利葉轉換^ ，後，富利葉轉換電路32〇2將時域的音符資料轉2 頻域的頻帶fin[X] ’接著頻帶增益調整電路細 ^ 加W乘以加權值Wxn產生頻帶fGn[x]，其中加權值^ 係來自樂譜記憶單元22中的樂譜，最後再由反 ^ 換電路3206將頻域的頻帶【。咖轉回時域的音符二轉 叫。封包整理是針對音符資料的封包之形狀加以調二料 同樣以第η聲道為例’當音符資料由輸人端^輸 =， 表圮憶器3208後，封包查表記憶器32〇8將根據所儲=查 封包形狀表做查表轉換而產生整形後的音符資料子的 後，控制單元46根據樂譜所提供的參數輸出—控 20 200912890 ^多工11321G輯音符資料Dln及D2n中選取其中 輸出。 圖5係延長音單元34的杳, . nm1 勺實靶例，其包括多個子電路 夕個聲道’母一子電路包括一迴圈記憶器進、一乘 二3404、一比較器34〇6及—多工器遞。以第 為例’控制單元46根據樂譜•單元22中的參數產 制信號給多工器3408以決定、 工 接輸出，若無需進行延長音=入=長音處理或不處理直 10 端〇η連接至輸入端Ιη以首技夕工益3408將把輸出 u ^ ^ 直接輪出輸入端In上的音符資 繼長音處理時，在將音符資料傳送= %ΓΓ〇, 7Τ8 3404 :出:οη。在延長音處理中，迴圈記憶 15 =该小段音符資料經乘法器期乘上一加權值= 二Π編多工器一在輸出端…上的 、中’叫该延長音資料存入迴圈記憶器3402並 得迗至乘法器3404，如此 ι 出低於1反覆動作直到乘法器3姻的輸200912890 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a music integrated circuit (ic), and more particularly to a music IC and a music processing method thereof that can replace the mechanical music box movement. 5 [Prior Art] Music box is widely used in jewelry boxes, or with dolls such as ceramics as decorations. Because the sound of the music box is crisp and pleasant, it is loved by many people, especially European celebrities 10 Aspen is a favorite music box. 1 shows a movement 10 of a conventional music box. The conventional music box movement 10 is mechanical. The main structure includes a drum 12 and a reed set 14. The music box movement 10 is driven by a spring to drive the drum 12, and the drum 12 The plurality of protruding pin points 122 are arranged on the order of the music scores. When the drum 12 rotates, the needle points 122 on the drum 12 will move the reeds 142 in the reed set 14 15 to emit the desired scale, according to the score. It is necessary to be able to move a plurality of reeds 142 at the same time However, the thickness and length of the reed 142 are the basis of the scale, and the material also affects the tone. Therefore, the tuning process is the key technology. At present, only a few factories have such technology, and the music box movement processing factory in Taiwan and the mainland still needs to be Japan imported reed group 14, in recent years, although there are 2 a few factories began to make their own reed group 14, but there is still a gap in the tone. In addition, the installation of the reed set 14 is also quite complicated, and the distance from the drum 12 must be moderate to effectively move when the drum 12 is rotated, and the screw 144 for fixing the cymbal 142 cannot be too loose or too tight. It has an effect on the tone, which shows that the production of the mechanical movement 10 is quite complicated and difficult. Moreover, in recent years, the price of materials has soared, especially the prices of metals such as copper, nickel and tin for the manufacture of reeds 142 have been high, resulting in a substantial increase. In addition, a mechanical movement 10 can only play one song, and the size of the drum 12 also limits the length of the song. 5 Therefore, an electronic movement that can replace the mechanical movement in the music box is what it is. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a music 10C and a music processing method thereof that can replace the movement of a mechanical music box. According to the present invention, a music 1C and a music processing method thereof include a timbre processing unit for brightness adjustment of a timbre of a note data in a plurality of channels to simulate a realistic music box heart sound effect, and a beat generation unit determines the plurality of sounds The beat of the musical note data in the track, an extended sound unit lengthens the beat length of the plurality of sounds in the middle of the 15 notes to simulate the tail sound of the reed after the reed, and a sound velocity processing unit adjusts the intensity of the note data in the plurality of channels Strong and weak, a mixing unit combines the note data in the plurality of channels to generate a first synthesized sound, and a post-force processing unit strengthens or attenuates the intensity of the first synthesized sound to generate a second synthesized sound, and an output unit The second 20-tone is converted from a digital signal to an analog signal and then transmitted to the load for playback. Compared with the conventional mechanical music box, the music 1C of the present invention is easy to mass and low in cost, and in addition, it can store a plurality of songs, and the length of each track is not limited. Also, since the mechanical movement of the music box is replaced by the electronic music 1C, the input operation interface is flexible and versatile. 6 200912890 [Embodiment] FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a music I system which can be used as an electronic movement of a music box, in which the music memory unit 22 stores, the ice, and the spectrum input interface 2. The utility model comprises a plurality of buttons for using the music of the parent=, the control unit 46 is used for controlling each of the singles, and the operation flow of the depression is to be played, and after the signal from the input interface 20 is controlled, the user selects The notes of the score are transmitted to the basic; 10 15 early π 24. Since the music Ic has a plurality of channels, it is possible to simultaneously effect the effect of simultaneously shifting a meal. Then, the basic note memory unit 24 is enabled, and the base notes 46 are uttered with some notes of the notes, for example, the H-sounds of the mid-sounds, La and si, etc., and the basic note memory unit 24 will be based on each The notes are sent to H1 relative to the material, and the notes and notes are recorded? ? In the example, the score L _ unit 24 can be placed in the busy music. In order to effectively reduce the capacity of the basic note memory unit 24, the basic _ data is expanded by the first scale expansion unit 26 to obtain the basic notes. Remember the note... pay the note in 1^ 7024, for example, the note data not included in the score memory 2, the memory unit 24 ° _, but the basic note note unit 24 output is incorrect 22: Γ the basic note memory % will be The basic note Ji Yi single ^ 贪 贪 ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' When the data of all the notes in the musical score is changed, the scale expansion unit 26 can be removed 20 200912890. The control unit 46 provides parameters to the beat generating unit 28 based on the musical scores in the musical score memory unit 22, and the beat generating unit 28 according to the parameters provided by the control unit And the reference frequency provided by the frequency oscillator 30 controls the speed of the music, wherein the beat generation unit 28 includes a timing generator. The timbre processing unit 32 is for each The tone data of one channel is used to adjust the brightness of the tone. The method of adjusting the tone includes adjusting the intensity and attenuation of the frequency band of each note data, and adjusting the shape of the packet of the note data, and adjusting the note data and the beat generating unit. 28 provides the beat synchronization and outputs to the extension unit 34. The extension unit 34 1〇 is used to extend the length of the beat of the note data in the selected channel, so that the sound will continue for a while after the percussion instrument is tapped. The effect of the gradual decrement, the control unit 46 controls the tempo of the note data according to the score control. The sound intensity processing unit 36 adjusts the velocity of the note data of each channel to make the whole music more layered. 38 synthesizes the synthesized information of each of the 15 pieces of the note data without distortion, and the post-stitch processing unit 40 processes the synthesized sound output by the mixing unit 38 to produce a fade-in and fade-in rhythm. The note data of the track has been combined into a synthesized sound, so only one output unit 40 is required to output the post-force processing unit 40. The sound is converted from a digital signal to an analog signal, and in the conversion process 20, the output unit 42 performs a complementary point process to reduce the distortion, and finally the music is played by the speaker 44. The output unit 40 includes a digital analog converter. 3 is an embodiment of a scale expansion unit 26, which includes a plurality of sub-circuits corresponding to a plurality of channels, each sub-circuit including a phase-locked loop 2602 and an 8 200912890 register 26〇4. ,, Μ's note (four)^ From the basic note memory unit: the real frequency characteristic, _ loop 26G2 can produce different; the parameter X provided by the rate spurt 46 will be from the tone =:: rate =; change to frequency... Finally, it will be slow, and then up to = r wide adjustment notes _ fast correspondence: sound system: color one real 10 15 one band gain adjustment circuit: 3202, 2-3 seal _, recall is ^ whole and packet finishing two parts. Band Gain Adjustment = For the adjustment and enhancement of the frequency band of each of the poor materials, for example, when the sound material is read by the input terminal 1 to the Fourier transform ^, the Fourier transform circuit 32〇2 converts the time domain's note data to 2 frequency domain band fin[X] ' and then the band gain adjustment circuit finely adds W multiplied by the weighted value Wxn to generate the frequency band fGn[x], where the weighted value ^ is from the music memory unit The score in 22, and finally the frequency band of the frequency domain by the inverse circuit 3206. The coffee is transferred back to the time zone for the second note. The packet sorting is to adjust the shape of the packet of the note data. The same is the case of the nth channel. When the note data is input by the input terminal, the packet memory device 32〇8 will be After the stored table data is generated according to the stored/checked packet shape table, the control unit 46 outputs the control data according to the parameter provided by the music score-control 20 200912890 ^Multiple 11321G musical notes data Dln and D2n. Output. FIG. 5 is a 靶, . nm1 scoop target of the extended sound unit 34, which includes a plurality of sub-circuits, a sub-channel, a mother-sub-circuit including a loop memory, a multiplication 2404, and a comparator 34〇6. And - multiplexer delivery. In the first example, the control unit 46 generates a signal according to the parameter in the music spectrum unit 22 to the multiplexer 3408 to determine and work out the output, if no extension tone = input = long tone processing or no processing of the direct 10 terminal 〇 connection is required. To the input terminal 408η, the first trick will be 3408. When the output u ^ ^ is directly rotated out of the note on the input terminal In, the note data is transmitted = %ΓΓ〇, 7Τ8 3404: out: οη. In the extended sound processing, the loop memory 15 = the small piece of note data is multiplied by a weighting value by the multiplier period = the second multiplexer is on the output end, and the 'prolonged sound data is stored in the loop The memory 3402 is merged into the multiplier 3404, so that ι is less than 1 and the action is repeated until the multiplier 3 is lost.
Mm、 比較器3406輸出一終止延長音信赛 扣於〇才Γ法器以終止延長音處理。其中加權值Wn小於1大° 別經==:=道:音符資料分 . 法盔3802，加法器3082將| 、的曰符資料加總後產生一 7係聲音力许声,”… 輸出知〇輸出。圖 又處里早兀36的實施例，其包括多個子電路對 200912890 應多個聲道，每一子電路包括一乘法器3602，以第η聲道 為例，乘法器3602將輸入端In上的音符資料乘上加權值 Wn以調整音符力度的強弱，再將調整後的音符資料送至 輸出端On，其中加權值Wn是存在樂譜記憶單元中，透過 5 控制單元46來控制。圖8係後置力度處理單元40的實施 例，其包括一乘法器4002將輸入端I上來自混音單元的合 成音乘上加權值W以強化或衰減合成音的音樂力度，再 將調整後的合成音送至輸出端〇。 圖9係輸出單元42的實施例，其包括多個電流源 1〇 4202、4204、4206 及 4208 分別提供電流 I、21、41 及 2nI， 以及多個電晶體4210、4212、4214及4216。後置力度處 理單元40所輸出的合成音為一數位信號，其包括多個位 元（bit)DO、Dl、D2 及 Dn，這些位元 DO、Dl、D2 及 Dn 分別控制輸出單元42中電晶體4210、4212、4214及4216 15 的開閉以改變輸出端Output上電流1〇的大小，°刺0八44將 根據電流1〇而播放出音樂。 本發明的音樂1C除了可以當作音樂盒機心外，也可 以應用在其他播放音樂的裝置中。 20【圖式簡單說明】 圖1顯示習知音樂盒的機心； 圖2顯示本發明的系統方塊圖； 圖3係圖2中音階擴展單元的實施例； 圖4係圖2中音色處理單元的實施例； 200912890 圖5係圖2中延長音單元的實施例； 圖6係圖2中混音單元的實施例； 圖7係圖2中聲音力度處理單元的實施例； 圖8係圖2中後置力度處理單元的實施例；以及 5 圖9係圖2中輸出單元的實施例。 【主要元件符號說明】 10 機心 12 滾筒 ίο 122 針點 14 簧片組 142 簀片 144 螺絲 20 輸入介面 15 20 22 樂譜記憶單元 24 基本音符記憶單元 26 音階擴展單元 2602 鎖相迴路 2604 暫存器 28 節拍產生單元 30 頻率振盪器 32 音色處理單元 3202 富利葉轉換電路 3204 頻帶增益調整電路 12 200912890 5 10 15 20 3206 反富利葉轉換電路 3208 封包查表記憶器 3210 多工器 34 延長音單元 3402 迴圈記憶器 3404 乘法器 3406 比較器 3408 多工器 36 聲音力度處理單元 3602 乘法器 38 混音單元 3802 加法器 40 後置力度處理單元 4002 乘法器 42 輸出單元 4202 電流源 4204 電流源 4206 電流源 4208 電流源 4210 電晶體 4212 電晶體 4214 電晶體 4216 電晶體 44 0刺口八 13 200912890 46 控制單元The Mm, comparator 3406 outputs a termination extension message game to the Γ Γ 以 to terminate the extension tone processing. Wherein the weighting value Wn is less than 1 large ° by ==:= dao: note data points. The Helmet 3802, the adder 3082 adds the 曰 资料 资料 资料 产生 产生 产生 产生 产生 产生 产生 产生 产生 产生 产生 产生〇Output. The figure is again in the embodiment of the early 36, which includes a plurality of sub-circuit pairs 200912890 should be multiple channels, each sub-circuit includes a multiplier 3602, taking the nth channel as an example, the multiplier 3602 will input The note data on the terminal In is multiplied by the weight value Wn to adjust the strength of the note strength, and then the adjusted note data is sent to the output terminal On, wherein the weight value Wn is controlled by the 5 control unit 46. 8 is an embodiment of a post-stitch processing unit 40 that includes a multiplier 4002 that multiplies the synthesized sound from the mixing unit at the input I by a weighting value W to enhance or attenuate the musical intensity of the synthesized sound, and then adjusts The synthesized sound is sent to the output terminal 〇. Figure 9 is an embodiment of the output unit 42 including a plurality of current sources 1 〇 4202, 4204, 4206, and 4208 providing currents I, 21, 41, and 2nI, respectively, and a plurality of transistors 4210, 4212, 4214 and 4216. After the strength The synthesized sound outputted by the unit 40 is a digital signal including a plurality of bits DO, D1, D2 and Dn, and the bits DO, D1, D2 and Dn respectively control the transistors 4210, 4212 in the output unit 42. The opening and closing of 4214 and 4216 15 is to change the current 1〇 on the output of the output terminal. The thorn 088 will play the music according to the current 1〇. The music 1C of the present invention can be used as a music box. It can be applied to other devices for playing music. 20 [Simplified description of the drawings] Fig. 1 shows the movement of a conventional music box; Fig. 2 shows a block diagram of the system of the present invention; Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of the scale expansion unit of Fig. 2. Figure 4 is an embodiment of the tone processing unit of Figure 2; 200912890 Figure 5 is an embodiment of the sound extension unit of Figure 2; Figure 6 is an embodiment of the sound mixing unit of Figure 2; Figure 7 is the sound intensity processing of Figure 2. Embodiment of the unit; Fig. 8 is an embodiment of the post-staff processing unit of Fig. 2; and Fig. 9 is an embodiment of the output unit of Fig. 2. [Description of main components] 10 movement 12 drum ίο 122 pin point 14 Reed set 142 144 144 screw 20 input interface 15 20 22 Music Memory Unit 24 Basic Note Memory Unit 26 Scale Expansion Unit 2602 Phase Lock Loop 2604 Register 28 Beat Generation Unit 30 Frequency Oscillator 32 Voice Processing Unit 3202 Fourier Conversion Circuit 3204 Band Gain Adjustment Circuit 12 200912890 5 10 15 20 3206 Anti-Fully Leaf Conversion Circuit 3208 Packet Lookup Table Memory 3210 Multiplexer 34 Extension Sound Unit 3402 Loop Memory 3404 Multiplier 3406 Comparator 3408 Multiplexer 36 Sound Velocity Processing Unit 3602 Multiplier 38 Mixing Unit 3802 Adder 40 Post-force processing unit 4002 Multiplier 42 Output unit 4202 Current source 4204 Current source 4206 Current source 4208 Current source 4210 Transistor 4212 Transistor 4214 Transistor 4216 Transistor 44 0 Puncture eight 13 200912890 46 Control unit