200909836 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明涉及一種電腦附加卡 一種圖形顯示相財法。方法，尤其是關於 【先前技術】 目前，仙人電齡各㈣目形I作㈣ 顯示卡由於快速的函數計算和優__處理功 Γ越來較卵料I作者和三維顿愛好者的推 矛、’從而帶來圖形顯示卡A量的市場需求。—些電子 商開始致力於自主品牌圖形顯示卡的研發和生産Γ生 二.在出廠之前，設計驗證單位要對圖形顯示卡進行測 試，測試方法實施的應用環境如圖i所示：主機板10上安裝 有待測試的圖形顯示卡20;作業系統30 (如Wind0ws xp) 中安裝有圖形顯示卡測試程式40(如3Dma祕）及圖形顯 示卡驅動程式70。 通常的測試方法如圖2所示：首先，測試人員在主機 板10上安裝有待測圖形顯示卡20的電腦的作業系統3〇中安 裝所述圖形顯示卡測試程式4〇 (如3Dmark〇6)，並在桌面 上設定圖形顯示卡測試程式4〇的快捷方式（步驟sl〇)。接 下來，測試人員點擊所述快捷方式圖示打開圖形顯示卡測 忒私式40，在圖形顯示卡測試程式4〇的用戶介面上設置圖 形顯不卡20的測試參數，如圖形顯示卡20的核心頻率、顯 存頻率、位元寬、圖像質量等，其中圖像質量包括邊緣柔 化（抗鑛齒）（Anti-Aliasing )，材質過濾（Texture Filtering， 200909836 包括二線型過遽，三線性過 驟s⑵。it-步地，測試人員;過4)專特效（步 卡測試程式4G的運行時==’即圖形顯示 上述設置後，運行圖㈣—上 ）（步驟Sl4)。保存 在該測試條件下，卡測試程式4〇 (步驟Sl6)。若 面無花屏或馬賽克:常，顯示介 符合要求。象出現，則表明圖形顯示卡硬體設計 需求的運行時間），常常出現 ]違客戶所 機；2·評測軟體（_叉下“清，兄· i.電腦系統死 r體（圖形顯不卡測試程式4 後自動退出作業系統；3.電腦黑屏。 ㈣間200909836 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a computer add-on card. Method, especially regarding [prior art] At present, the immortal age of each (four) mesh shape I (four) display card due to the fast function calculation and excellent __ processing power is more than the egg I author and the three-dimensional lover's push spear ', thus bringing the market demand for the amount of graphics display card A. - Some e-commerce companies are committed to the development and production of self-owned brand graphics cards. Second, before the factory, the design verification unit should test the graphics display card. The application environment for the test method implementation is shown in Figure i: Motherboard 10 A graphic display card 20 to be tested is installed thereon; a graphic display card test program 40 (such as 3Dma secret) and a graphic display card driver 70 are installed in the operating system 30 (such as Wind0ws xp). The usual test method is shown in FIG. 2: First, the tester installs the graphic display card test program in the operating system 3 of the computer on which the graphic display card 20 is to be mounted on the motherboard 10 (for example, 3Dmark〇6). ), and set a shortcut to the graphical display card test program on the desktop (step sl〇). Next, the tester clicks the shortcut icon to open the graphic display card test 40, and sets the test parameters of the graphic display card 20 on the user interface of the graphic display card test program, such as the graphic display card 20 Core frequency, memory frequency, bit width, image quality, etc., where image quality includes edge softening (Anti-Aliasing), material filtering (Texture Filtering, 200909836 includes two-line type, triple linearity Step s (2).it-step, tester; 4) special effects (step card test program 4G runtime == 'that is, after the graphic display of the above settings, run the diagram (4) - top) (step S14). Saved under this test condition, the card test program 4〇 (step S16). If there is no screen or mosaic: often, the display meets the requirements. Like the appearance, it indicates the running time of the graphic design card hardware design requirements, often appear] violate the customer's machine; 2· evaluation software (_ fork under the "clear, brother · i. computer system dead r body (graphic display is not card After the test program 4, the operating system is automatically quit; 3. The computer is black. (4)
爲什麼^出現上述異常情況？是圖形顯示卡硬體讲 計出現_?還是測試的軟體環境出現問題？在許多情況 下，當測試人員重啓測試電腦，系統提示Win32DLL (dynamic link librat〇ry ’動態連結程式庫）文件丟失； 而在D〇S系統下運行圖形顯示卡核心晶片GPU ( grapWcWhy is there such an abnormality? Is the graphics card hardware report appearing _? Or is there a problem with the tested software environment? In many cases, when the tester restarts the test computer, the system prompts Win32DLL (dynamic link librat〇ry ’ dynamic link library) file to be lost; and runs the graphics display card core chip GPU under the D〇S system ( grapWc
Passing unit ’目形處理單元）供應商提供的診斷軟體 4 ’又發_形顯示卡所有職專案制通賴試且都符 合GPU公板（指GPU供應商製造的樣板顯示卡）要求。也 就是《兒，上述異常情況是由於軟體環境出現問題而産生 的，亦即圖形顯示卡的驅動程式與作業系統用戶層的通訊 存在問題。 鉍過反復試驗，測試人員發現，當利用圖2所示的傳 統圖形顯示卡測試方法測試圖形顯示卡20的簡單功能，如 200909836 3Dmark06不啓動特效功能時’圖形顯示卡2〇核心gpu的複 雜圖形運异功能沒有被開啓’圖形顯示卡測試程式4〇 (如 3Dmark06)可以正常通過一個動態連結程式庫5〇作爲媒介 向作業系統内核層請求服務’即動態連結程式庫5〇成功執 行Win32API60中的相應函數，内核層的顯示卡驅動程式7〇 完全能夠回應用戶層發出的各種服務請求，如一般圖形函 數運算等。 然而，當啓動圖形顯乔卡測試程式4〇的特效功能，如 邊緣柔化（抗鑛齒）、材質過;慮等特效時，需要多個動態連 結程式庫50作爲媒介才 < 以疋成對内核層的win32Api6〇 的呼叫。由於在圖形顯米卡設計公板上市之前的設計階 段，GPU供應商首先考慮的是在作業系統的内核層，圖形 顯示卡驅動程式70與圖形顯示卡30的工作協同性，即保證 圖形顯示卡基本的顯示和濟數運算功能，而在此階段，在 作業系統的用戶模式下，圖形顯示卡驅動程式70與應用程 式（如測試圖形顯示卡測試程式40、動態連結程式庫5〇) 之間的通訊（如中斷、衡突、陷阱處理等）可能不良， Win32API60可能不回應動悲連結程式庫5〇發送的服務請 求，這樣動態連結程式庫一直處於等待應答狀態，直到 最後顯示Win32DLL文件要失。 對此，傳統的處理方法是等待GPU供應商提供新的圖 形驅動程式，待新的圖形驅動程式發佈後再根據客戶的需 求進行測試，當GPU供應商提供新的圖形驅動程式時，其 公板顯示卡也已經上市了，而利用供應商GPU晶片生産的 200909836 顯示卡還未完成測試，這種做法顯然延長了自 t牌圖形顯示卡的研發周期，拉長了與㈣供 公板上市的時間差距。 〜询叹σ十 【發明内容】 法，’有必要提供—種圖形顯"^卡測試方 =圖:驅動程式對圖形顯示卡進行測試，但可二 = ==”啓動圖形顯示卡特效功能時出現 發周:見象，“圖形顯示卡測試效率，縮短自主品牌研 安二形=卡測試方法’該方法包括以下步驟:⑷ 表;(B)在桌面工具攔的開始功能 带声理二1面反’（c)在控制面板中開啓圖形顯示卡圖 ^理早兀的控制面板；（D)在所述圖形處 顯:卡的測_，包括圖形顯示卡的特 並二11又置測'間’及（F)存儲上述設置 仃回形顯示卡輯料對圖L卡進行測試。 才目較=習知的圖形顯示卡測試方法，本發明所提供的 相財法彻當作«域於h模式時， U處於㈣模式能夠執行任何指令的特性，通過在作業 力、^核心核式中啓動圖形特效功能驗證圖形顯示卡的硬體 开=功Γ避免了在作業系統的用戶模式下，由於已有圖 卡驅動程式與應用程式之間通訊不良而導致測試過 王出現異常；該方法實施過程簡單且完全能夠覆蓋顯示 200909836 卡二維圖形顯示功能的全部測試專案，擺脫了對業界強勢 GPU供應商提供正^版本顯示卡驅動程式的依賴性，縮短 了自主品牌顯示卡與GPU供應商公板上市時間的差距。 【實施方式】 爲方便理解，對文中出現的部分術語作如下解釋： 特權指令.主要用於系統資源的分配和管理，包括改 變系統的工作方式，檢測用戶的訪問許可權，修改虛擬記 憶體管理的段表，頁表和完成任務的創建和切換等。這類 指令只能用於作業系統或其他系統軟體，而—般不直接提 供給用戶使用。 用戶模式（也稱作用戶層）：當作業系統處於用戶模 式時CPU只能執行非特權指令。 内核模式（也稱作内核層）：位於整個作業系統的最 底層，負責系統的基本運作，在這一模式中的所有行爲都 由系統内置的指令來實現，所有外界因素都不會對這一處 的行爲造成影響。當作業系統處於内核模式時，CPU能夠 執行特權指令。 動態連結程式庫（dynamic link library，DLL ):應用程 式中的許多操作都是標準化的，每一個需要完成這些操作 的應用程式都必須在自己的執行文件中包括相同的代碼， 這不但使應用程式必須載入的時間變得更長，也浪費了磁 碟空間。動態連結程式庫即爲提供這些標準化操作的函數 供不同應用程式共用的函數庫。在Windows作業系統中， 應用程式在執行的時候，必須鏈結到DLL文件，才能夠正 11 200909836 確地運行。 - Win32API ( application programming interface ’ 應用編 程介面）：是Windows作業系統内核層與用戶層應用程式 之間的介面，應用程式通過調用相應的Win32API函數獲 得相應的系統功能。 如圖1所示，係圖形顯示卡測試方法實施的應用環境 圖。圖1中簡要示出圖形顯示卡測試過程中涉及的電腦系 統中的部分硬體及軟體：安裝有一待測圖形顯示卡20的主 機板10及作業系統30。作業系統30包括用戶模式（用戶 層）和内核模式（系統層）。用戶模式包括圖形顯示卡測試 程式40 (如3Dmark〇6)及動態連結程式庫5〇 ;内核模式 包括Win32API60及圖形顯示卡驅動程式70。 如圖3所示，係本發明圖形顯示卡測試方法較佳實施 例的實施流程圖，該方法的應用環境如圖i所示，其原理 爲利用作業系統處於核心模式時，CPU處於特權模式能夠 執行任何指令的特性，通過在作業系統核心模式中啓動圖 形特效功能驗證圖形顯示卡的硬體加速功能：在核心模式 中，圖形顯示卡測試稃式40以動態連結程式庫5〇爲媒介 調用Win32API60中的相應函數，Win32API6〇及時回應動 態連結私式庫50的今Η將圖形顯示卡測試程式40請求 的功能和參數發送給顯示卡驅動程式7〇，顯示卡驅動^式 70驅動圖形顯示卡20執行具體操作，並及時將執行結^ 返回給用戶層的圖形顯示卡蜊試程式4〇。具體操作步|驟如 下： 12 200909836 先’文裳圖形顯示卡測試程式4〇 (如犯職娜）， 又疋圖形顯示卡測試程式4〇的快捷方式（步驟 。”面工具欄的開始功能表t選擇控制面板（步驟 m制面板中打開GPU控制面板，進人作業系統的 卡2::…步驟幻4)。在GPU控制面板上設置圖形顯示 :二4參數’如圖形顯示卡2Q的核々頻率、顯存頻 雜rtr寬、圖像質量等，其甲圖像質量包括邊緣柔化（抗 ，:）（细卜八⑽叫），材質過濾、（Texture Fiitering，包 括了線型過濾’三線性過遽，各項異性過遽）、紋理貼圖、 ^火度枚正等特效（步驟S26)。進一步地，設定測試 吟間’即圖形顯示卡測試程式4〇的運行時間（如U小 ^驟S28)。最後，保存上述設置後，運行圖形顯示卡測 试程式40 (步驟S30)。 該測忒方法可以廣泛應用於桌上型電腦和筆記本電 月®中的各類顯示卡和顯示晶片的測試驗證，並且相容不同 的作業系統，如Windows Vista & Windows XP，也可廣泛 應用於各種電腦附加卡的測試失效分析。 以上所述僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已，且已達廣泛 之使用功效，凡其他未脫離本發明所揭示之精神下所完成 之均等變化或修飾，均應包含在下述之申請專 。 【圖式簡單說明】 Θ 圖1係圖形顯示卡測試方法實施的應用環境圖。 圖2係傳統圖形顯示卡測試方法的實施流程圖。 圖3係本發明圖形顯示卡測試方法較佳實施例的實施 13 200909836 流程圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 主機板 10 圖形顯示卡 20 作業系統 30 動態連結程式庫 50 Win32API 60 顯示卡驅動程式 70 14Passing unit ‘Daily processing unit】Supply software provided by the supplier 4 ’ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ That is to say, "The above abnormal situation is caused by a problem in the software environment, that is, there is a problem in the communication between the driver of the graphic display card and the user layer of the operating system. Through trial and error, the tester found that when using the traditional graphic display card test method shown in Figure 2 to test the simple function of the graphic display card 20, such as 200909836 3Dmark06 does not start the special effects function 'graphic display card 2 〇 core gpu complex graphics The transport function is not enabled. The graphics card test program 4 (such as 3Dmark06) can normally request the service from the kernel layer of the operating system through a dynamic link library 5〇. That is, the dynamic link library 5 successfully executes Win32API60. Corresponding functions, the kernel layer of the graphics card driver 7 〇 can fully respond to various service requests issued by the user layer, such as general graphics function operations. However, when the graphics function of the Qoke test program is activated, such as edge softening (anti-mineral), material over; when special effects are required, multiple dynamic link libraries 50 are required as media. Call to win32Api6〇 on the kernel layer. Because of the design stage before the graphic display card design public board is released, the GPU supplier first considers the working layer of the graphics card driver 70 and the graphic display card 30 in the kernel layer of the operating system, that is, the graphic display card is guaranteed. The basic display and the calculation function, and at this stage, in the user mode of the operating system, between the graphics card driver 70 and the application (such as the test graphics card test program 40, the dynamic link library 5) The communication (such as interrupt, balance, trap processing, etc.) may be bad. Win32API60 may not respond to the service request sent by the sorrow link library, so the dynamic link library is always waiting for the response until the last Win32 DLL file is lost. . In this regard, the traditional approach is to wait for the GPU vendor to provide a new graphics driver. After the new graphics driver is released, it will be tested according to the customer's needs. When the GPU vendor provides a new graphics driver, its public board. The display card has also been released, and the 200909836 display card produced by the supplier GPU chip has not been tested. This approach obviously extends the development cycle of the self-t graphics display card, which lengthens and (4) the time for the public board to go public. gap. ~ sigh sigma [invention content] method, 'it is necessary to provide - a kind of graphic display" quot; ^ card test side = map: the driver to test the graphics display card, but can be = = = "" start the graphics display card special effects function When the week appears: see, "graphic display card test efficiency, shorten the independent brand research and development 2 = card test method" This method includes the following steps: (4) table; (B) at the beginning of the desktop tool block function with sound two 1 side reverse '(c) open the graphic display card in the control panel to control the control panel; (D) display in the graphic: the card's measurement _, including the graphic display card's special Measure 'Inter' and (F) Store the above settings 仃Back to display the card to test the L card. Compared with the conventional graphic display card test method, the present invention provides a phase-funding method that is used as a domain in the h mode, and U is in the (four) mode to be able to perform the characteristics of any instruction, through the operating force, the core core The graphic effect function is activated in the mode to verify the hardware opening of the graphic display card=the function avoids the abnormality of the test king in the user mode of the operating system due to poor communication between the existing graphics card driver and the application; The method implementation process is simple and fully capable of covering all test projects showing the 2D graphic display function of 200909836 card, getting rid of the dependence of the industry's strong GPU suppliers on the positive version of the graphics card driver, shortening the self-owned brand display card and GPU supply. The gap in the time to market for commercial boards. [Embodiment] For the sake of easy understanding, some of the terms appearing in the text are explained as follows: Privileged instructions are mainly used for the allocation and management of system resources, including changing the working mode of the system, detecting the user's access permission, and modifying the virtual memory management. Segment table, page table and task creation and switching. Such instructions can only be used in operating systems or other system software and are generally not directly available to the user. User mode (also known as user layer): The CPU can only execute non-privileged instructions when the operating system is in user mode. Kernel mode (also known as the kernel layer): Located at the bottom of the entire operating system, responsible for the basic operation of the system, all actions in this mode are implemented by the built-in instructions of the system, all external factors will not The behavior of the office has an impact. When the operating system is in kernel mode, the CPU is able to execute privileged instructions. Dynamic link library (DLL): Many of the operations in the application are standardized. Every application that needs to complete these operations must include the same code in its own executable file. This not only makes the application The time that must be loaded becomes longer and the disk space is wasted. The dynamic link library is a function library that provides these standardized operations for sharing with different applications. In the Windows operating system, the application must be linked to the DLL file when it is executed, so that it can run correctly. - Win32API (application programming interface): The interface between the kernel layer of the Windows operating system and the user layer application. The application obtains the corresponding system functions by calling the corresponding Win32 API function. As shown in Figure 1, it is the application environment diagram of the graphics display card test method implementation. In Fig. 1, a part of the hardware and software in the computer system involved in the test of the graphic display card is briefly shown: the main board 10 and the operating system 30 on which the graphic display card 20 to be tested is mounted. The operating system 30 includes a user mode (user layer) and a kernel mode (system layer). The user mode includes a graphics card test program 40 (such as 3Dmark 〇 6) and a dynamic link library 5 内核; the kernel mode includes Win32 API 60 and a graphics card driver 70. As shown in FIG. 3, it is a flowchart of an implementation of a preferred embodiment of the method for testing a graphics card of the present invention. The application environment of the method is as shown in the following figure. The principle is that when the operating system is in the core mode, the CPU is in the privileged mode. Execute the characteristics of any instruction, verify the hardware acceleration function of the graphic display card by starting the graphic special effect function in the core mode of the operating system: in the core mode, the graphic display card test type 40 calls the Win32 API60 with the dynamic link library 5〇 as a medium. The corresponding function in Win32API6 〇 responds promptly to the dynamic link private library 50. The function and parameters requested by the graphic display card test program 40 are sent to the display card driver 7〇, and the display card driver 70 drives the graphic display card 20 Perform the specific operation and return the execution result to the graphic display card of the user layer in time. The specific operation steps are as follows: 12 200909836 First, 'Shangshang graphics display card test program 4〇 (such as guilty na), and 疋 graphic display card test program 4〇 shortcut (steps.) Face toolbar start function table t Select the control panel (open the GPU control panel in the panel of step m, enter the card 2::... step 4 of the operating system). Set the graphic display on the GPU control panel: 2 4 parameters 'such as the core of the graphic display card 2Q 々Frequency, memory frequency rtr width, image quality, etc., its image quality includes edge softening (anti,:) (fine peek (10) called), material filtering, (Texture Fiitering, including linear filtering 'trilinear After the test, the texture map, the fire degree, etc. (step S26). Further, set the test time of the test card, that is, the running time of the graphic display card test program (such as U small ^ S28) Finally, after saving the above settings, the graphic display card test program 40 is run (step S30). The test method can be widely applied to various types of display cards and display chips in desktop computers and notebooks. Test verification, And compatible with different operating systems, such as Windows Vista & Windows XP, can also be widely used in the test failure analysis of various computer add-on cards. The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and has been widely used. Efficacy, any other equivalent changes or modifications that have been made without departing from the spirit of the present invention should be included in the following application. [Simplified illustration] Θ Figure 1 is an application environment diagram for the implementation of the graphic display card test method. Figure 2 is a flow chart of the implementation of the conventional graphics card test method. Figure 3 is a flow chart of the preferred embodiment of the graphics card test method of the present invention. 13 200909836 Flowchart. [Main component symbol description] Motherboard 10 graphic display card 20 operation System 30 Dynamic Link Library 50 Win32API 60 Display Card Driver 70 14