TW200906089A - A method of transmitting data to a receiver - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of transmitting data to a receiver, wherein the data is transmitted using a plurality of sub-carriers, is provided. The method provided includes selecting, for each sub-carrier, an antenna of a plurality of antennas to be used for the transmission of the sub-carrier between the antenna and the receiver.

Description

200906089 IX. Description of the Invention: TECHNICAL FIELD Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of wireless communication systems, such as, for example, an ad hoc wireless ultra-wideband radio communication network. By way of example, embodiments of the present invention are directed to a method of transmitting data to a receiver, and a corresponding communication device. The present invention claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Serial No. 60/929,022, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. [Prior Art] It is generally known that the range of the transmission of a signal is mainly determined by the transmission power of the signal. In the case where, for example, the transmission power of the signal is limited by the provisions of the Federal Communications Commission (Federal communicati〇ns c〇mmissi〇n, FCC), the transmission range of the signal is therefore also limited. For example, according to the IEEE 8〇215 3a technical requirement, due to the FCC transmit power spectral density (psD) mask, the expected signal transmission range is only about 1 一 for a 1 Mbps data transmission. The meter is either about 4 meters for a 2 Mbps data transmission or about 2 meters for a 48 Mbps data transmission. This short signal transmission range (e.g., as discussed above) imposes severe constraints on the potential application of the communication system for a communication system. Therefore, it is desirable to add, for example, the transmission range of the communication system of the communication system. While still complying with the transmission power limit specified by the FCC [Invention], in one embodiment, a method of transmitting data to a reception is provided, wherein the data is transmitted using a plurality of subcarriers. The method provided includes selecting, for each subcarrier, one of a plurality of antennas to be used for the subcarrier transmission, the selection being based on a transmission characteristic of a subcarrier transmission between the antenna and the receiver . [Embodiment] As a description, a communication device having an antenna may have only a short signal transmission range and may not be strong enough to overcome, for example, indoor shielding or attenuation, for example, when its power is limited by coffee regulations. In order to overcome the above disadvantage factors, a spatial diversity via a plurality of transmitting antennas can be used in the communication device, the transmission power of which can be limited, for example, by such so-called Fee specifications. In more detail, for a communication device in which data to be transmitted can be modulated on a plurality of subcarriers, a mapping between the subcarriers and the antennas can be based on a predetermined criterion. Implemented. With a suitable mapping, spatial diversity through the plurality of antennas is achievable, and the transmit power for each of the transmit antennas can also be controlled such that it conforms to the so-called FCC regulations. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a method of transmitting data to a receiver of 200906089 is provided, wherein the data is transmitted using a plurality of subcarriers. The method provided includes selecting, for each subcarrier, one of a plurality of antennas to be used for the subcarrier transmission. The selection is based on one of a subcarrier transmission between the antenna and the 5H receiver. feature. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a communication system for transmitting data is provided, wherein the data is transmitted using a plurality of subcarriers. The communication system provided includes a receiver, and a selection unit configured to select, for each subcarrier, an antenna of a plurality of antennas to be used for the subcarrier transmission, wherein the selection A transmission feature is based on one of the subcarrier transmissions between the antenna and the receiver. The selection system can be implemented in the transmitter or the receiver. For example, the receiver is selected for the antenna to be used and the selection is sent to the transmitter. Alternatively, the transmitter implements the picking itself based on the transmission characteristics. ^ When the selection has been carried out, the data can be transmitted from the communication to the receiver according to the selection, ie, the subcarriers are used and the: each subcarrier is used for the subcarrier transmission. Selected antennas (or selected antennas such as 疋Shai) A plurality of embodiments of the present invention are disclosed in the scope of the patent application of the dependent claims, using a plurality of subcarriers and being transmitted as a second. Information on one of the communication channels of the communication layer. To be transmitted, if 2 is the same logical channel or (4) there is (4) material for the feed channel. The information transmitted is that it should all be transmitted to the same receiving 7 200906089. Transmissions using such subcarriers are for example based on the same transmission technique (e.g. based on the same modulation). For example, the subcarriers are subcarriers according to an OFDM transmission or another multicarrier transmission technique. In an embodiment, the antenna is selected based on a predetermined criterion for the one of the transmission characteristics. In one embodiment, the method provided further receives a signal from the receiver by a transmitter and determines the transmission characteristic based on the received signal. A wide embodiment'' is to be transmitted from the transmitter to the data of the receiver and the selection is performed by the receiver. In another embodiment, the 13-Hui receiver sends the selection to the transmitter. In one embodiment, the transmission characteristic is information about a characteristic of a communication channel used to transmit the subcarrier between the antenna and the receiver. In another embodiment, the transmission characteristic is a poor communication about the quality of the communication channel. In another example of a martial arts seven-person gentleman, the transmission feature is a channel status information. ▲ In one embodiment, the data is transmitted by modulation of the plurality of subcarriers, and the propagation uses the 4 antennas to transmit the modulated subcarriers. In an embodiment, the selection is based on "the transmission characteristics of the subcarrier transmissions for different transmitting antennas". In an embodiment, for each of the plurality of subcarriers In the case of a carrier, one of the plurality of antennas is selected to be used to transmit the subcarrier. 200906089 In one embodiment, the selection is performed individually for each of the plurality of subcarriers. In one embodiment, the predetermined criterion includes the antennas to be selected for the subcarriers such that the antenna having the highest quality among the transmission features is selected for each subcarrier. The predetermined criterion includes a maximum number of subcarriers to be distributed to each antenna. In another embodiment, the predetermined criterion further includes the antennas to be selected for the subcarriers such that The antenna with the highest quality among the transmission features is selected for each subcarrier. In yet another embodiment, the predetermined criteria further includes those to be selected An antenna for the subcarriers such that for each antenna, the number of subcarriers for which antenna has been selected is lower than or equal to the predetermined maximum number of subcarriers. In one embodiment, The method provided further includes determining a pass characteristic of a subcarrier transmitted from the receiver to the antenna. In another embodiment, the method is further adapted to transmit the subcarrier from the receiver. The characteristics to the antenna and the difference between the characteristics of the subcarrier from the antenna to the receiver. In one embodiment, the communication system provided further includes a transmitter, the transmission system An include-receive unit configured to receive: a signal from the receiver, and a first decision unit configured to determine the transmission characteristic based on the received signal. In another embodiment The communication system provided further includes a second determining unit configured to determine a 200906089 transmission characteristic of a subcarrier transmitted from the receiver to the antenna: In one embodiment, the communication system provided is -V Ο 3 # ^单; 'It is configured to compensate for the pull of the subcarrier from the receiver to the antenna, 竦The search characteristic and the difference between the characteristics of the subcarrier transmitted from the antenna to the receiver. / In the embodiment only, the communication system is a specific radio communication system. In one embodiment, the The communication system is a wireless communication system. In another embodiment, the communication system is a Bluetooth communication system. In one embodiment, the i-sentence j奂& First, it is a Firewire system. In another implementation, you I φ, 咕, s — 乂 shoulder & 1歹J ΐ s 矾糸 矾糸 为 is certified

Wireless universal serial bus (UniVflr <; a〗 Q speaking, unlversai Senal Bus, USB) communication system. The figure shows a communication system ι according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the drawings, the communication system (10) may include a first communication device (Α) 1, a second communication device (Β) 103, and a third communication device (C) 105. As a description of the land, what can be seen by Gu Jiang is that the transmission range between the first communication device (Α) 101 and the first gentleman corpse, the brother-one device (Β) can be restricted. For example, say 2 8 j?, . . . say 2 meters (m). The limit in the transmission range can be one due to, for example, Frr y· broadcast, ., The result of the existence of the restrictions. In this illustration, 哒诵4,

^ ^ / The overnight system 10 can represent an ultra-wideband I-line communication system with a note of &, τ . . . , such as the WlMedia communication system. The WiMedia 200906089 communication system operates at a high data rate transmission such as, for example, 480 Mbps. Subsequently, the WiMedia communication system can be used to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, what can be seen is that the transmission range between the second communication device (B) 1〇3 and the communication device e of the third communication device (C) 105 can be limited to For example, 4 meters (m). This transmission range is approximately twice the transmission range between the first communication device (A) 1〇1 and the second communication device (Β) 1〇3. According to an embodiment of the invention, the larger transmission range between the second communication device (B) 103 and the second communication device (c) 1〇5 can be processed by using more than one antenna and cooperating with multiple signals. The third communication device (C) 105 of the technology. As further explained, the transmission range on the reverse link (ie, from the second communication device (B) 103 to the third communication device (c) 1〇5) can be received by The smart end antenna array or a plurality of antennas are used at the end to extend an improved signal to noise ratio (SNR) for the received signal (and thus achieve an 'extended transmission range'). In this context, the Maximum Ratio Combining (MRC) signal processing technique can be used, for example, to employ spatial diversity of the plurality of antennas at the receiver. In more detail, in the maximum ratio combining (MRC) signal processing technique, 'each individually modulated reception signal (for each subcarrier) is now before the implementation of the equalization process Linearly combined. For its part, the Maximum Ratio Binding (MRC) signal processing technique effectively optimizes the signal-to-noise ratio for each subcarrier 11 200906089 (SNR). On the other hand, the transmission range on the forward link (i.e., from the third communication device (C) 105 to the second communication device (B) 1〇3) can be utilized The plurality of antennas are extended as multiple transmit antennas. In this context, it should be noted that for a variety of reasons, a large number of conventional transmit diversity techniques are not compatible with the plurality of (transmitted) antennas on the third communication device (C) 105. Use it up. For example, the optimized transmit beamforming technique (eigen_beamf〇rming or water-filling algorithm) that is typically used in a proprietary narrowband system cannot be used in this The three communication devices (C) 1 〇 5 are used to extend the transmission range, which would cause, for example, a so-called FCC-defined transmission power limitation. As a further example, such as the space time coding (Space Time

The Coding's STC technology can be used in conjunction with multiple transmit antennas to achieve transmit diversity' as a result of achieving a bond % At: η % extension, improved efficiency, and extended transmission range. However, the corresponding coding system can be required at the receiver end. As far as it is concerned, 'using the space time code (stc) (4), the communication device (C) 105 is not capable of maintaining a conventional communication device (such as, for example, the first communication device (A) 1〇1 and The second communication

103) Interoperability. The transmissions used together with the J antenna will be discussed in more detail with respect to Figure 3 and subsequently discussed in detail for the third communication device (C) that cooperates with the plurality of diversity diversity techniques. 12 200906089 FIG. 2 is a block diagram 200 showing the transfer of data implemented in the communication system 100 in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. Here, FIG. +, for example, the node A 201 may be the third communication device (C) 105 ' in the drawing, and the node B 2〇3 may be the second communication device (B) in the figure 〇 3. Furthermore, it can be seen that the node 〇2〇ι can use the multiple transmit antennas, while the Node B 2〇3 system can use a single antenna. In one embodiment, the transmission range can use multiple transmissions. The antenna is extended on the forward transmission link from node A2G1 to node 3. At the same time, the transmission range can be extended at the node A 2G1 using the maximum ratio combining (MRC) signal processing technique on the reverse transmission link from the node b 2〇3 to the node A, in order to achieve the improved signal To the noise ratio (SNR) (and therefore also the extended transmission range). Thus, the U A 2G1 node B 2G3 can transmit and receive data over the extended transmission range. In this context, Node B 203, for example, may represent a standard WiMedia communication device that uses only one antenna. Furthermore, node A 2〇1 can represent, for example, an enhanced wiMedia communication device that can use a plurality of antennas and can employ multiple signal processing techniques such as, for example, Maximum Ratio Binding (MRC). Figure 3 is a block diagram 300 showing a third communication device (C) 105 in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. The third communication device (C) 1〇5 can include a transmitting unit 3〇1 and a receiving unit 303. 13 200906089 The transmitting unit 301 can be used to transmit data on the forward keyway to, for example, a plurality of other communication devices. The transmission unit 〇1 may include a sarcasm/interleave unit 305, a star map mapping unit 307, a multi-band spatial frequency transmission selection (SFTS) unit 3 (10), and a plurality of serial to parallel (s/^ Converter single it 311, a plurality of inverse fast Fourier transform (ifft) units 313, a plurality of parallel-to-serial (p/s) converter units, a plurality of radio frequency units (RF) 3 1 7 , and a plurality of antennas 3 19. The data to be transmitted is first processed by the encoding/interleaving unit and the star map mapping unit 307. According to one embodiment, the multi-band spatial frequency transfer selection (SFTS) unit 3〇9 is compatible The plurality of parameter estimation units 321 of a receiving unit 303 implement a method of transmitting data to the receiver. The multi-band spatial frequency transmission selection (SFTS) unit 3〇9 and the plurality of parameter estimation units 321 are then followed. It will be discussed in more detail. It should be noted that the plurality of serial to parallel (S/p) conversion benefits unit 3 11, the plurality of inverse fast Fourier transforms (ip ft ) single 疋 3 1 3 And the plurals Parallel to serial (p/s) converter unit 3 j 5

The system can be a conventional unit that can be used together, for example, to generate a 〇FDM symbol. The processed data signal (after the plurality of parallel to serial (p/s) converter units 3 1 5) can then be passed to the plurality of antennas 3 1 9 for transmission. A plurality of radio frequency units (RF) 3 1 7 are used for further processing. The receiving unit 303 can be used to receive, for example, 14 200906089 data from a plurality of other communication devices on the reverse link. The receiving unit 3〇3 may include a plurality of antennas 323, a plurality of radio frequency (RF) switching units 325, a plurality of serial to parallel (S/P) converter units 327, and a plurality of fast Fourier transform (FFT) units 329. And a plurality of parallel to serial (p/s) converter unit 33 1 and a plurality of parameter estimation units 32 1 . The received signals at the plurality of antennas 323 are firstly multiplexed by the plurality of radio frequency (RF) switching units before being transmitted to the plurality of serial to parallel s/p converter units 327. 325 processed. It should be noted that the plurality of serial to parallel (s/p) converter units 327, the plurality of fast Fourier transform (fft) units, and the plurality of juxtaposed to the tandem (p/s) The converter unit 331 can be a conventional unit that can be used, for example, to extract data or information from the -fdm symbol. As mentioned earlier, the plurality of parameter estimation units 321 and the multi-band spatial frequency transmission selection (SFTS) unit can implement a method of communicating data receivers. In this context, a plurality of parameter estimation units 321 of $ may be used to obtain a plurality of measurements on one of the transmission characteristics of the transmission path. In one embodiment, the transmission feature may be information about the characteristics of the IT channel used to transmit the subcarrier between the antenna and the receiver < In another embodiment, the transmission feature can be a cautious about the quality of the communication channel. + π ° In yet another embodiment, the transmission characteristic can be the channel status information. In this context, the transmission characteristics can be (but not limited to 15 200906089), one of the signal amplitudes / one of the side machine power measurements, or the signal to noise ratio (SNR) One of the measurements. As an illustrative example, one of the channel state information (CSI) measurements can be obtained using the training pU〇t symbols from the reverse link, wherein the channel state information is available for each Each subband of an antenna contains a channel frequency response for each subcarrier. Furthermore, the multi-band spatial frequency transmission selection (SFTS) unit 3〇9 may include a first frequency band switch unit 333, a plurality of spatial frequency transmission selection (SFTS) units 335, a second frequency band switch unit 337, A subcarrier allocation unit 339, a selection criterion unit 341, and a calibration factor unit 343. The first band switch unit 333, the plurality of spatial frequency transfer selection (SFTS) units 335, the second band switch unit jaws, the subcarrier allocation unit 339 can be used together to map a plurality of subcarriers or Is the individual antennas assigned to the plurality of antennas 319 in the plurality of antennas 319. The "human two to eight" heart-blowing or distribution system is based on the transmission channels provided by the plurality of parameter estimation sheets & 321 A plurality of measurements on the transmission characteristics are determined by the selection criteria unit 341. In addition, the calibration systems provided by the calibration factor unit 343 can be used by the selection quasi-bes, J Z Z, Α β ++, 丨 兀 341 to compensate for, for example, in a plurality of parameters. The measurements in these measurements provided by your field beta D 70 321 are incorrect. This calibration is then discussed in more detail in the function of I _ _ _ _ _ _ 343 343 will be discussed in more detail with respect to Figure 〇, 11 16 200906089 and 12. The excitation of the embodiment of the method of transmitting data to a receiver employs the statistical nature of multipath fading and the likelihood of reducing deep fading, and thus acts to achieve the desired diversity. The selected fade channel system can be different for each of the sub-frequency ▼ frequencies, and thus the individual spatial frequency transmission pick (sftS) units 335 for the parent sub-bands can be different. Based on the respective adaptations of the selection criteria unit 341, the SFTS sub-module can then be controlled to allocate subcarriers for each antenna in each subband for a third communication with multiple transmit antennas. The device (c) 1〇5 has ητ antennas and nb subchannels. Next, ^0山=κ) △ f) ( 1= 1,... ' nb ; Bu 1,...,nc ; k= 1,...,ητ) Let the representative be on the βth The frequency response of the wider subcarrier of the terrestrial transmitting antenna on the frequency band, which is f. It means that the carrier frequency refers to the carrier frequency interval, Δί· and η. Refers to the total number of carrier frequencies. - For the (j)th jtN solid subcarrier on the dice band, the best antenna link for the parent-SFTS submodule can be chosen as: =argmax4,(^:) k^{UnT) ' (1 ), for example, may be a function of a separate calibration signal (CSI) with the sub-band. Ai, jck) = IHk(i^)j2 where A;, j ( k ) represents an example of the adjusted channel state for the selection of the jth subcarrier and the ith factor together with the selection criterion, ( k) may be determined based on, for example, signal power such as 17 200906089, or may be determined based on, for example, a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) such as A(k) = SNRk(1'j). This follow-up discussion will be based on the description of A (k) to be determined based on the power of the signal. However, it should be noted that this follow-up discussion: can be easily extended to alternative methods of determining Aij (k). Figure 4 is an illustration of a frequency domain representation of a method of transmitting data to a receiver in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. The illustration in Figure 4 shows how one embodiment of the method of transmitting data to a receiver achieves spatial and temporal diversity. In more detail, the mathematical representation of the signal stream can be as follows. Let S (f) 401 represent the transmitted orthogonal frequency division multiple I (OFDM) signal at the node Α 2〇 in the frequency domain. The signal can be represented as - the data symbol (d(1) on the jthth subcarrier, which can be multiplied by a delta function. In this context, it should be noted that the 'subband index' can be omitted from equation (1) and subsequent equations for simplicity and without loss of generality. The TEM transmits an OFDM signal S (f The 401 continuation can be rewritten as: (2) Next let n (j) represent the corresponding additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) item. Written as follows: 18 200906089 «cl j=0 *— ^best (3) Let Fk (f) represent an ideal filter in the frequency domain for all allocated subcarriers at the kthth transmit antenna, That is: (4) Qiao (7) = & Ά (/-Λ-7.Δ/) j=〇

Fk{j) 0, otherwise (5) Thus, the transmitted 〇FDM signal in the kth antenna can be written as: (6) In addition, the received signal in the frequency domain can be further stepped Expressed as: Η/)=ίχ(/Κ(/Μ/) k=\ = S[f)pkif)Hk(f)+Hf>s[fy^fhN[f)(7)

Where H0(f)4〇3 can be defined as a兮, 丄A should be combined with the channel frequency response as follows: (8) 200906089 as shown in Figure 4, the combined channel frequency response h. (4 〇 each subcarrier system may have - reduced depth fading characteristics (eg, when compared to the respective individual channel frequency responses & (7) 4 〇 5 and 407 407). Therefore, transmitting data to a The method 2 method of the receiver results in the selection of the channel hg (f) 403 with the equivalent frequency of the reduced depth decay feature for each subcarrier. From equation (8), 'these are from all transmitting antennas The spectrum system combined with the transmission of OFDM signals can be expressed as:

Stotal{f) = (/) = Σ^(/)^ (/) Free =ik=\ (9) =4/)ίΧ(/Μ/) k=\ !丨: where equation (5) is available After /) = 1. Thus, an embodiment of the method of transmitting data to a receiver allows the spectrum of the combined transmitted OFDM signal (S(f)) 401 to be kept below the specifications specified by the FCC. Moreover, the time domain signal representation for an embodiment of the method of transmitting data to a receiver can be displayed as follows. Let sk(t) be the transmitted 0FDM signal for the kth transmit antenna at node a 2〇丨 in the time domain. Next, let the system 20 200906089 represent the multipath channel impulse response from the kth transmit antenna at node A 201 to the signal receive antenna at node b 203. The received signal y (t) at node B 203 can then be represented as: (10) where the 符号 符号 symbol * represents a convolution (convo [uti 〇 ri) operation. The transmitted 〇FDM signal at the kth transmit antenna is represented by a product of the transmitted OFDM signal s(1) and the ideal selected chopper fk (represented by: (11) sk (t) = s (t) * fk (t) Bottom: Then 'the received signal y ( t ) can be rewritten as ητ + n(t) (12) y(1) = outside) * art advised * from) + coffee = 3 (1) *h. (1) where hG(t) is a characteristic impulse response with a reduced depth decay. Finding results In this context, it should be noted that the method of transmitting data to a receiver can be implemented using different methods as shown below. Figure 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a first embodiment of a method of transmitting data to a revenue in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. . In the first embodiment of the method of transmitting data to a receiver, the transmission feature (eg, such as the optimal frequency response) is up to 21 200906089. Each antenna is selected. In other words, 'the best antenna system for the jthth sub-band in the first sub-band can be selected according to the following criteria: 硪/)= arB max “{ι,μγ } Η [U) (13) Next Written as: δ Xuan et al. For each antenna, the selected subcarrier system can be changed to f-

(14) 甘φ, J 0 5^ ) ^ /, "Describes the best subcarrier allocation for each of the antennas in the first subband. In the illustration of the first embodiment as shown in FIG. In this case, two antennas and eight subcarriers are used. The embodiment can be implemented according to the following steps. For the channel of the first subband (ie, |Hk(i,j)|2) The frequency response may be represented, for example, in a matrix form, wherein the 歹J of the matrix may be represented by a subcarrier index, and the rows of the matrix may be represented by an sei antenna index. Equation (13), the best antenna system for each subcarrier can be selected (as indicated by the boldface in Figure 5). This month, we can see in Figure 5: Subcarriers 4 and 5 are assigned to antenna 2' and the remaining antennas are assigned to antenna 1. Hereinafter, the channel frequency response for the first Shanghai sub-band (ie, 丨h/Hawthorn) 22 200906089 can be based on the equation (14) is converted to be for each antenna (ie, Subcarrier allocation. In this first embodiment, the number of subcarriers each antenna has depends on the multiple path degradation characteristics of the respective antennas, but may be different with different antennas. There are 6 subcarriers assigned to the antenna 1, but only 2 subcarriers are allocated to the antenna 2. In the first embodiment, one of the best subcarrier allocations of each antenna is provided, and the system is also different. The antenna results in a different peak to average ratio (PAPR) value.Figure 6 is an illustration of a second embodiment of a method of transmitting data to a receiver in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. Comparing with the first embodiment of the method of transmitting data to the receiver, the second embodiment provides a constraint on the subcarriers that can be assigned to each antenna. This constraint is 'allowing such The subcarriers can be evenly placed between the plurality of antennas to balance the peak to average ratio (PAPR) values for the plurality of (transmitted) antennas. The method uniformly disperses the selected subcarriers among all of the plurality of (transmission) antennas. The first method uses two: good mode to evenly distribute the subcarriers, and the second method uses - A simplified way to allocate the subcarriers is to achieve a reduced implementation complexity. The second method will then be described in more detail with respect to Figure 7. If it can be divided by =, then the subdivision transmitted by each antenna The number of waves can be limited. If it is ... can be divided by 4, then each antenna system is limited to only transmit to η τ or -η Τ _ subcarriers. For the sake of simplicity of discussion, It is assumed that the ne system can be divided by ητ. It can be seen that this second embodiment can also be easily extended to the case where nc cannot be divisible by ητ. In the explanatory diagram of the second embodiment shown in Fig. 6, two transmitting antennas and eight subcarrier systems are used. This second embodiment can be implemented in accordance with the following steps. This first step is similar to that used in the first embodiment, where) is first obtained in accordance with equation (14). The selected subcarriers for each antenna are shown in matrix 6 01 of Figure 6. A step is involved in the maximum number of subcarriers assigned to each antenna (nkmax), where nkmax = . Next,

The nk subcarrier system with the highest quality among the transmission characteristics between the selected subcarriers is selected for each row (i.e., each antenna). The remaining selected subcarriers (i.e., subcarriers 2 and 3) are then reset to ’ ' as shown by matrix 603 _ in FIG. In this context, if the number of selected subcarriers is less than =max', then all selected subcarriers y for that row will be selected (this is the case for antenna 2 as shown in Figure 6). . The number of remaining subcarriers allocated for each antenna can then be updated according to the equation n max fv Λ nk ( s + 1) = nkmax ( O - nkselected ( s) where s is the step index 24 200906089 In this third step, a new subcarrier allocation for the remaining subfields can be obtained for each antenna. For example, this can be between the remaining subcarriers. This first step is repeated to be followed, and then the value ηΓ3χ for each antenna can be updated. This third step can then be performed repeatedly until nkmax = 〇 for all antennas (see Figure 6). Finally, the first, second and third steps can be implemented for the 〇 + 1) th sub-bands until the sub-carriers in all sub-bands have been allocated . Figure 7 is an explanatory view showing a third embodiment of a method of transmitting data to a receiver in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. The third embodiment is a second embodiment similar to the method of transmitting data to a receiver, except that the third embodiment uses a simplified manner to allocate the subcarriers in order to achieve a reduced implementation complexity. In more detail, this third embodiment may, for example, randomly pick nk subcarriers instead of, for example, picking the first η/3 子 subcarriers having the highest quality on the transmission feature, in order to avoid this second embodiment. The sort operation used in . As such, this results in a simplified implementation and reduced implementation complexity. However, this causes a small performance loss. In the explanatory diagram of the third embodiment shown in Fig. 7, two transmitting antennas and eight subcarrier systems are used. This third embodiment can be implemented in accordance with the following steps. 25 200906089 This first step is similar to the steps used in this second embodiment, where is first obtained according to equation (14). The selected subcarriers for each antenna are shown in matrix 7 01 of Figure 7. This second step involves initializing the maximum number of subcarriers allocated for each antenna (nkmax), π, where nkmax = one. Next, nkmax subcarriers between the selected subcarriers are, for example, randomly selected for each row (i.e., 'each antenna'). The remaining selected subcarriers (i.e., subcarriers 2 and 6) are then reset to zero, as shown in matrix 703 of FIG. In this context, if the number of selected subcarriers is less than nk iax, then all selected subcarriers for that row will be selected (this is the case for antenna 2 as shown in Figure 7). The number of remaining subcarriers allocated for each antenna can then be updated according to the equation nkmax ( s + 1 ) =: nkmax ( s ) _ n/elected ( s ), where S is the step index. In this third step, a new subcarrier allocation for the remaining subcarriers can be obtained for each antenna. For example, this can be achieved by repeating the first step between the remaining subcarriers such as SH. Next, the value nkmax for each antenna can then be updated. This third step is then carried out repeatedly until nkmax = 〇 for all antennas (as shown in matrix 7〇5 of Figure 7). Finally, the first, second and third steps can be implemented for the 1) th subbands until the subcarriers 26 200906089 in all subbands have been assigned. As one side note, it can be seen that the first and third steps of the third embodiment are respectively equivalent to the first and third steps of the second embodiment. Figure 8 is an explanatory view showing a fourth embodiment of a method of transmitting data to a receiver in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. This fourth embodiment also provides a constraint on the number of subcarriers that can be allocated to each antenna, as compared to the second and third embodiments of the method of transmitting data to the receiver. This constraint allows the subcarriers 肊 to be evenly dispersed between the plurality of antennas to balance the peak to average ratio (pApR) b for the plurality of (transmitted) antennas. However, in this fourth implementation The method of applying this constraint in the manner is implemented using a set of thresholds. By doing so, this fourth embodiment avoids the use of the highly complex sorting operation of the second embodiment, and the performance loss due to the method used in the third embodiment. In the previous slogan, the use of the β-Hui threshold only requires comparison operations. In the explanatory diagram of the fourth embodiment shown in Fig. 8, two transmission antennas and eight subcarrier systems are used. This fourth embodiment can be implemented in accordance with the following steps. The first step involves determining a set of critical values (屮, /=丨, ... l), where L is the total number of critical values and 屮 > 〇. Next, a! and the value nk "(where = ) can be initialized. Then, the old / (1) 丨 2 system can be compared to each subcarrier and its respective antenna. 27 200906089 If it is determined |Η/^2>31, the so-called subcarriers and their respective antenna systems can be selected and indicated in bold as shown in matrix 8〇1 of Fig. 8. Thus, the nk_ can be updated according to the equation η, "(s+1) = nknax (s) - 1. In this second step, the critical value used can be changed to its $ ai. ' |Η, 'υ! 2 can be compared to a2 for these unselected subcarriers and their respective antennas. If the decision is made, '^Ι2 > 4, then the corresponding subcarrier and its The respective antenna systems can be selected and indicated in bold as shown in matrix 8〇3 of Figure 8. Thus, the nkmax can be based on the equation njax ( s + 1 ) = nkmax ( s) -1 In the following, the second step is carried out for the remaining thresholds... which are all values of 1 until = L. In the illustration of Figure 8, the selected forest medium The number is 4. The matrix after processing using the third critical value (& 3 = 1.4) and the fourth critical value (a4 = 〇. 5) is labeled as 805 in Fig. 8, respectively. And 807. It can be seen that the number of responses to be implemented depends on the number of thresholds selected. Thus the effectiveness and effectiveness of the fourth embodiment The rate depends on the number of thresholds selected. In the following, the allocation of subcarriers can be packetized for each data, for example based on channel estimates implemented using, for example, each data packet (Preamble). The update is now directed to the transmission used in the method of transmitting data to a receiver. 28 200906089 It is known for a time-duplex time division duplex (TDD) communication system (such as, for example, In the case of a communication system, the propagation path of the forward link is the reciprocal of the propagation path of the reverse link, and the provided back-and-forth (r〇und_trip) delay is less than the coherence of the 5-Hai propagation channel ( Coherence) time. ', J, it is also known that this is not the case for radio frequency transceiver (RF), between the forward link and the reverse link and across multiple days The online system exhibits noteworthy amplitude and phase mismatch. Since these mismatches can basically accumulate the channel state information (csi) estimates, they can transmit data to a reception. Embodiments of the method of the method cause a severe degradation in performance. In more detail, the effects of such mismatches are described below. An ideal transceiver system can be considered to have a baseband equivalent of zero phase unit amplitude. Channel response. The actual channel response of the receiver can represent a random channel response due to various random process variations, which can approximate the ideal frequency response. The deviation strength from the ideal frequency response depends on the stochastic process. The strength of the change. In this context, the approximate ideal response system can be referred to as & a mismatch between the keyway and the 豸& Figure 9 is a flow chart showing the flow of data transmitted in a communication system 100 in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. Let τ (the system represents the transmission frequency response function in the frequency domain, and R (the system represents the reception frequency response function in the frequency domain. The mismatch system in the 5 Hz transmission frequency response function can use these Complex 29 200906089 Gain Τ ( f) = |T ff, |eJarg ( τ ( f) ) ± 11 C ^ | C to represent it, and in the same way, in the receiving frequency, the cumber number is not gp and only The dry tone should be used to gather the T-magic L system to use these complex gains R ( f) = |R ( f) | ejarg (R (f)) cool +

v ; |e The wood is not, where IT (f) 丨 and |R (f) I are the respective strengths of the mismatches, and ejarg (T (n) and ejarg (R (f)) are The respective phases of the mismatches. As mentioned previously, since the selection criteria for the method of transmitting data to a receiver may depend on the signal power of the channel state information (CSI), it is only necessary to consider the amplitude of the mismatch. In this uranium, the respective amplitudes I(f)丨 and jR(f)丨 can be transformed into a true Gaussian variable. Thus, the average of these respective amplitudes can be expressed as one. The unit value (which is the ideal frequency response value discussed previously), and the variance of the respective amplitudes can be expressed as port 2. Here, it should be noted later that the Gaussian variable model system Typically used to model radio frequency (RF) amplitude errors, and it is typically assumed that the variance σ 2 is small (eg, up to 4%) such that the occurrence of a negative implementation is negligible. Etc. including T(f), R(f) and the channel forward and reverse H(f) Passage through binding channel response Cfwd (f) and Crvs (f) lines may be defined as follows:

Cfwdk (f,t) =TAk (f) H^dk (f,t) Rb (f) ( 15)

Crvsk (f,t) = TB (f) ^ (f, t) (f) (16) where k = 1, ..., > ^ is the antenna index corresponding to the transmit antenna at node A. The Hfwdk (f, t) and Hfvsk (f, 〇 represent the respective forward and reverse channel response functions of the 200906089, etc., which can be assumed to have a time-invariant reciprocal, that is, Hfwdk (f , t ) = Hrvsk ( f, t ) for k ii 1,..., NT. In this context, the actual estimate used to implement the above is the combined channel response Crvs (f). Cfwd (f) is a channel response that is used in the subcarrier allocation in the embodiment of the method of determining the method of transmitting data to a receiver. Thus the relationship between Crvs (f) and Cfwd (f) The system can be described as follows:

Cfwdk (f5t) (f,t) (17) Then the subcarrier allocation criterion can be rewritten as follows: loose 2 argmax|H |2 = argmax 1 M kB{l,nT} where + jAf) ^ Ri/> C (A = c fwdk τ0')

rC〇·) )rvsk τϋ) (18)

T 0)_ B —1 ,.··,

TbUo + MO and 0) = RB(f〇+Mf) for n, assuming that the respective frequency responses tu) and r Ο) across the subcarriers remain unchanged, then all of the respective calibration factors, and (;), heart, and W) can be considered to be independent of the subcarrier index. Then equation (18) can be further simplified as follows: 31 (19) 200906089

T A Rb a The calibration factor can be determined as follows. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a block diagram showing a first method for determining such calibration factors in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. In this first method, the test board 1001 can be used to obtain a measurement of the calibration factor for different transmitters and receivers from the communication device 丨〇〇3, as set out in FIG. . Such as

In the RAk TB, the test board 1〇〇1 can be a device other than the communication device 1〇〇3. The remote switches S! 1005 and s2 1〇〇7 can form a calibration loop, which can be used to control the measurement sequence from antenna i to antenna~. A binary phase shift keying (BPSK) signal can be used as the test signal. In addition, the channel estimate can be implemented at the respective receiving H on the test board 101 and the communication device 1〇〇3 and the estimate of ‘ can be obtained. It can be seen that the #\ conversion function α to the measurement system can also be obtained as shown in equation (7). The transmission loss caused by the connection of the cable connection via the direct regulation connection can be assumed to be a constant value Le. The measurement obtained can be expressed as follows: a M = TAlLcRBt ^ I, 2 = TBtLcRAl 32 (20) 200906089 aa ,, 2

TAnTLcRBt _ TBtLcRAnT / where TB1 and RB1 indicate that the following can be determined for the communication device - TAi R, each transmitting and receiving frequency response. The calibration factor is as follows: cfr RAt TB,

ΤΛ_ R (21) Therefore, the calibration factor matrix CF can be formed as follows: cfx ··· Ο — CF =

··· CfnT (22) What is seen in the monthly private mode (22) is that the calibration factor matrix CF is a diagonal matrix. Such a value can be, for example, stored in the flash memory, and then loaded during the initialization step, and the loading of the values in the calibration factor matrix CF can be It is referred to as a pre-calibration process. Furthermore, the matrix CF is a diagonal matrix, so only ~ values can be stored. As such, additional built-in calibration circuitry for the communication device pair may not be required. Thus, equation (19) can be rewritten as: 33 (23) 200906089 k(£t = argmax{|c(y) 2 cfkconst 2 where is the constant independent of k, and this does not affect the allocation of such children Figure 11 is a block diagram showing a second method for determining the calibration factors in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In this first method, an additional calibration circuit 11〇1 can be used as The arrangement shown in Figure 11 is used to obtain measurements of calibration factors for different transmitters and receivers from the communication device 11 as shown in Figure 11.

The additional calibration circuit 1101 can be part of the communication device 1100 as shown in the RAk TB. During the initial setup, switches such as 6H and S1 1105 form a calibration loop that is used to obtain measurements of I 9 clusters 2 from different transmitters and receivers of the communication device n 。 .

TB Based on the obtained measurements, the calibration factor matrix CF can be formed according to the equations (20) and (21). Subsequent to this, the number of calibration ports is used to compensate for a mismatch in the embodiment of the method of transmitting data to a receiver. Furthermore, these values are not regularly updated when the calibration factors are available during the initial setup period using the built-in additional calibration circuit u〇1. As you can see later, it can be seen that the calibration factors (the calibration factor matrix) can be used to view the channel status information using the reverse link from 34 200906089 (instead of the forward link) The measurement of the state information is also estimated using measurements as discussed below. In the Θ 施 施 施 施 施 施 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送 传送For each forward link channel frequency (for the transmission), the _, + 7 丄, eight-height # sheep response system can be estimated. In another embodiment, : by transmitting at the same time A positive traffic sign sequence of different transmit antennas' then performs channel estimation for all of the transport antennas jointly at the receiver side, for each link antenna's (for the transmitter) forward link channel frequency response Can be estimated. Accordingly, the estimated channel state information for the respective forward link frequency responses for each of the transmit antennas can be used, for example, by using the feedback channel, The receiver broadcasts the return to the transmitter side. The money receiving channel status information can then be selected in the antenna for the subcarrier. However, it should be noted that from the receiver to the transmission The estimated transmission of channel state information (frequency response) may involve a significant transmission management burden (〇verhead) for the feedback channel. Thus, it may be more desirable to directly attach to the receiver side. The antenna selection process is implemented, and then antenna selection decision information for each subcarrier is transmitted via the feedback channel. With this method, in the case where two transmit antennas are used, each subcarrier is only required. Single bit; 35 200906089 In the case where four transmit antennas are used, each subcarrier can only require 2 bits; and so on. In the embodiments discussed above, The estimation of the channel status information is performed using measurements from the forward link to perform the above discussed steps on the receiver side, hardware and/or software changes may be required. Resulting in an incompatibility with existing communication devices (ie, 'the so-called receiver is not applicable, for example, to wiMedia). Figure 12 shows an embodiment in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. An illustration of how the mismatch compensation in the selection of the line and subcarriers can be implemented based on the estimated calibration factor and the estimated channel state information. As shown in FIG. 12, the estimated channel state is used based on the estimated channel state. Information (CSI) and improved selection criteria for such calibration factors, the best antenna system can be selected for each subcarrier, or the best subcarrier group can be assigned for each antenna. The effect of the possible design modifications of the existing prior art structures and the performance of such modifications on the method of transmitting data to a receiver is discussed. In each of the preceding OFDM symbols, for each subcarrier of the antenna The distribution system may follow the same features as the data section previously described. The channel may be selected based on the equivalent frequency defined in equation (8), and the prior OFDM symbol transmission for such embodiments of the method of transmitting the lean to a receiver It can be used, for example, for automatic gain control (called gain control 'AGC), synchronization, and channel estimation without any modification. 36 200906089 Because the equivalent frequency selectable channel h〇(f) is expected to exhibit a flattened spectrum when compared to a conventional multiband OFDM channel, for automatic gain control (AGC), synchronization, and channel estimation Less signal distortion and improved robustness can be expected. This system further reduces the chance of noise amplification when a simple channel inversion is applied to the channel equalization. Next, the results of the Packet Err〇r Rate (pER) implementation for the embodiments of the method of transmitting data to a receiver can be obtained using a plurality of simulations. The result of the implementation of the user is then compared with the results of the implementation of the standard version 1.0 WiMedia communication device. In this context, the IEEE 802.15.3a UWB internal channel model (1) has been used in these simulations. There are four types of channel models listed in Table 1300 as shown in Η. Figure 13 is a table 1 300 showing the simulations used to implement the various embodiments of the present invention. For example, the H-channel model is representative of the system—where the transmission range is from about 10,000 meters to about 4 meters. Furthermore, the line of sight (five) ht, LOS) is assumed to be between the communication devices, which can be transmitted on the so-called transmission channel. This, a, said, dare to transfer delay 8.92 Mao private system is assumed to be on the so-called transmission channel. In addition, in the case of transmitting data to the whole, the embodiments of the method of “snap to the sigh” are used to correspond to the three different channels of the antenna, that is, the channel implementation is produced. A: Independently degraded channel without shielding Case B: Independent decay channel with independent shielding 37 200906089 Case c: Independent decay channel with associated shielding Case A The channel implementation corresponds to the assumption that there is an uncorrelated multipath fading In the case of a spacer antenna, the channel implementation of Case B corresponds to an ideal case where a properly spaced antenna is assumed to have non-correlated multipath fading and uncorrelated shielding. The channel Μ of the case c corresponds to its towel. Assume that there is a non-correlated multipath fading and a properly masked antenna with associated shielding. Furthermore, the distribution of the channel model for Case C is adjusted for these measurements [2]. In this context, it should be Note that the equivalent energy results shown in Figures 14 through 16 are based on the channel implementation of the situation. Figure 14 shows (4) The packet error rate (PER) & can be the result of the data transmission rate of "a communication device that does not use the present invention - which is in the CM3 (4 to 1 m). What can be seen in the figure is that by using one embodiment of the method of transmitting data to a receiver and four transmitting antennas, a fine gain system can be achieved for one of the one-track WiMediaW communication devices. Again: what can also be seen is: # one embodiment of the method of transmitting data to the receiver and two transmitting antennas, one of the 3 dB gain systems of the communication device Achieved. The performance gains are shown to be effective when used to transmit data at a high data rate. In addition, it should be noted that channel coding with a high code rate (e.g., such as R, 3/4) that can be used in a standard WiMedia communication device tends to be less prone to high data rate transmission. 38 200906089 Figure 1 5 shows the communication device U and the communication device not using an embodiment of the present invention. The rate of packet error rate (service) in terms of transmission rate is called 4 to 1 meter. An example of a method for transmitting data to a receiver and four transmitting antennas for a standard-〇 communication device can be found in the county. A 3 6dB gain system can be achieved. Furthermore, it can also be seen that one embodiment of the method of finding the Becco-to-receiver by using the transmission data $1, and two transmissions, including, _, the antenna, for a standard A 2dB gain system for WiMedia 1.0 communication devices can be achieved. In this case, it should be used by the sound of the 疋························································· In the case of '仏WiMedia 1 〇; the animal % infants account for 1.0 (for example, Re=5/8) compensated by the effective channel code (〇 ffset). Figure 1 6 shows 480 Mbps in CM3 C 4 to 10 & β ί + ^ ^ J A 尺 for a 艿 艿, 々 以及, and a communication device using an embodiment of the present invention.

Packet Error Rate (PER) performance results for V material transfer rate. In more detail, the stem _ extravagant squad +, the younger embodiment (labeled as method 1), the second embodiment (labeled as method 2a), the fifth embodiment (labeled as method 2b), and the fourth A performance comparison of one embodiment (labeled as Method 3) is shown in Figure 16. What can be seen in Figure 16 is: the first embodiment (method η = display between trr modes) - best performance. can also be seen: the second embodiment (method 2a), The system does not compare performance with one of the fourth embodiment (method 3). 39 200906089 When compared with the performance result of the first embodiment (method 1), due to the use of the constraint in the second implementation In terms of the maximum number of subcarriers allocated by each of the antennas in the mode (method 2a) and the fourth embodiment (method 3), the degradation in performance is only less than ldB. However, in the second embodiment The degradation in performance in (Method 2b) is considerable due to the use of random selection in order to achieve a lower complexity implementation. Overall, the equivalent energy results that can be seen from Figure 16 are: The first embodiment (method 丨) provides the best choice of the selection criteria. As one side note, it should be noted that the equivalent energy results shown in Figures 17 and 18 are based on the channel c implementation of case c. Figure 17 A packet error rate (PER) performance result for a 480 Mbps data transfer rate using and not using a communication device of one embodiment of the present invention. In addition, Tian Mingli' has and does not have various calibration procedures. A performance comparison of an embodiment is shown in Figure 7. What can be seen in Figure 17 is an embodiment of a method of transmitting data to a receiver and four transmit antennas, for a standard The 4.6dB gain of the WiMediai.O communication device can be achieved. Again: the performance degradation that can be seen in the mismatch is only about 2dB when the calibration is not implemented. The result of this degradation is reduced to only 〇5dB when implementing the calibration. By using an embodiment of the method of transmitting data to a receiver with 200906089 and two transmit antennas for a standard WiM di uia communication device - A gain of 0.5 dB can be achieved. In addition, it should be noted that when the measured calibration factors only have about 10% error, the performance degradation can be ignored. They are: to transmit data for use by - Example of a calibration method for such a receiver to compensate for the embodiment mismatch - Standard

The overall performance gain achieved by the WiMedia K0 communication unit is two 4dB. Figure 18 shows the results of packet error rate (PER) performance for a 200 Mbps data transfer rate for a communication device that uses and does not use one of the embodiments of the present invention. Similar to Figure 17, a performance comparison with and without various implementations of the calibration process is shown in Figure 18. What can be seen in Figure 18 is that by using one embodiment of the method of transmitting data to a receiving fast and four transmitting antennas, a 3.3 dB gain system for a standard WiMedia 1_〇 communication device can be Achieved. Furthermore, it can also be seen that the performance degradation due to mismatch is only about 丨6 dB when no calibration is performed, and the performance degradation is reduced to only 〇4 dB when performing calibration. By using one embodiment of the method of transmitting data to a receiver and two transmit antennas, a 0_5 dB gain system for a standard WiMedia 1.0 communication device can be achieved. In addition, it should also be noted that this performance degradation can be ignored when the measured calibration factors have only about 10% errors. 41 200906089 What can be seen is that for the embodiment and calibration by means of transmitting data to a receiver to compensate for a mismatch

WiMecha 1.0 Communications | The overall performance gain achieved by the device is approximately 2.9dB. Figure 19 is a graph showing the packet error rate (pER) performance results for a 400 Mbps beacon transmission rate for a channel implementation of Case B for use with and without a communication device of one embodiment of the present invention. A performance comparison similar to that of Figures 1 7 and 18 with and without the various embodiments of the calibration process is shown in Figure 9. What can be seen in Figure 19 is that a 62 dB gain system for a standard WiMedia 1.0 communication device can be achieved by using one embodiment of the method of transmitting data to a benefit and four transmit antennas. In this hereinafter, when compared with Fig. 17, the higher efficiency gain achieved in Fig. 19 is mainly due to the independent shielded channel. This means that the upper limit of the achievable gain can even be higher in the embodiments using the method of transmitting data to a receiver. Furthermore, it can be seen that the performance degradation due to mismatch is only about 2.8 dB when calibration is not performed, and the performance degradation is reduced to only 〇8 dB when performing calibration. In addition, it should also be noted that this performance degradation can be ignored when the measured calibration factors only have about 10% error. What can be seen is that the overall performance gain achieved by the embodiment of the method of transmitting data to a receiver and the calibration to compensate for the mismatch of a standard WiMedia 1. communication device is approximately 42 200906089 5.4dB. Various embodiments of the invention may have the following utilities. Embodiments of the present invention provide an accurate and low cost method for achieving full space and frequency diversity, extension of transmission range, and enhanced toughness. Embodiments of the present invention also maintain their interoperability with current multi-communication devices and, as such, can be applied to multiple enhanced communication devices or multiple next generation communication devices. The present invention has been specifically described with reference to a number of specific embodiments, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail can be made therein, @不悖如如如The spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the scope of the appended claims. The invention is therefore intended to be included within the meaning and scope of the claims and the scope of the claims. In this document, the following publications are cited: [1] J'Foerster, Channel Modeling Group Seminar Final Report, February 2 〇 [2] J_KUmSch and j· Pamp '" for UWB radio channel testing Li, .α Fruit and Modeling Perspectives, IEEE International Symposium on U Training (UWBST 2〇〇〇2), Baltimore, May 2002. [Simple description of the schema] In the self-designed diagram, the reference symbols from the same figure are used to the same components throughout the different diagrams. The esteem [g|斗, 么图式" does not need to be drawn to scale, and vice versa 43 200906089 often emphasizes the principle of the invention. In the above description, various embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 shows a communication system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a flow chart showing the transmission of data carried out in the communication system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 is a block diagram of a communication device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 is an illustration showing a frequency domain representation of a method of transmitting data to a receiver in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a method for transmitting data to a receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a view showing a method according to the present invention. Embodiment of the method for transmitting data to a receiver _f 4 a diagram of the method of transmitting a real mode. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a method for transmitting data to a receiving benefit according to an embodiment of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 8 is an explanatory view showing a fourth embodiment of a method for transmitting data to a receiver in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 9 is a diagram showing a system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure H) is a block diagram showing the first method of the calibration factors in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 11 is a diagram showing - in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention - A block diagram of a second method of calibrating factors. Figure 12 shows how the mismatch compensation in the antenna and subcarrier 44 200906089 wave selection process is based on the calibration factors and in accordance with the present invention. Estimated channel status BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a table showing the simulations used in various embodiments of the present invention. Figure 14 is a diagram showing the use and non-use of an embodiment of the present invention. The packet err〇r rate (PER) efficiency monthly packet result for a communication device at 480 Mbps data rate in CM3 (4 to 10 meters). Figure 1 5 shows the use and no use. A packet error rate (PER) performance result for a communication device of 2 Mbps in CM3 (4 to 10 meters) according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 16 shows the use and non-use of the device. A packet error rate (PER) performance result for a 48 Mbps data transmission rate in a CM3 (4 to 1 megameter) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 7 shows the use and non-use of the device. The packet error rate (PER) performance result for the 480 Mbps data transfer rate of the overnight device of one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 18 shows the 200 Mbps resource for the use and without the use of an embodiment of the present invention. Packet Error Rate (PER) performance results in terms of transmission rate. Figure 19 shows the 4 Mbps hopper transmission rate for the channel implementation of Case B for use and without the use of an embodiment of the present invention. Packet error rate (pER) performance result 45 200906089 [Description of main component symbols] 100 Communication system 101 First communication device (A) 103 Second communication device (B) 105 Third communication device (C) 200 implemented in the communication Block diagram 201 of data transmission in system 100 Node A 203 Node B 300 Block diagram 301 of third communication device (C) 105 Transmission unit 303 Reception unit 305 Encoding/interleaving unit 307 Star map mapping unit 309 Multi-band spatial frequency transmission Selection unit 311, 327 serial to parallel converter unit 313 inverse fast Fourier conversion unit 315, 331 side by side to serial converter unit 317 RF unit 319, 323 antenna 321 parameter estimation unit 325 RF switching unit 329 Fast Fourier transform unit 333 First-band converter Unit 46 200906089 335 Space Frequency Transmission Selection Unit 337 Band Switcher Unit 339 Subcarrier Allocation 341 Selection Criteria 343 Calibration Circuit 401 Transmits Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex Signal 403 via Combined Channel Frequency Response 405, 407 Channel Frequency Response 601, 603, 605 Matrix 701, 703, 705 Matrix 801, 803, 805, 807 Matrix 1001 Test Board 1003, 1100 Communication Unit 1005, 1007, 1103, 1105 Switch 1101 Additional Calibration Circuit 1300 List of Four Types of Channel Models 47

Claims (1)

200906089 X. Patent application scope: A method for transmitting a billet to a receiver, wherein the data is transmitted by using a plurality of subcarriers, the method comprising: selecting a subcarrier for the parent to be used to transmit the subm One of the plurality of antennas of the wave' selection is based on one of the subcarrier transmissions at the antenna and the gate of the receiver. 2: The method of the patent application scope f [the item, wherein the data to be transmitted using the plurality of subcarriers is the data of the communication channel of the upper communication layer. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the antenna is selected based on predetermined criteria. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises receiving, by a transmitter, a signal from the receiver, and determining the transmission characteristic based on the received signal. 5. If the patent application area 4 is transmitted to the receiver. The method of the item, wherein the transmission is to be carried out and the selection is carried out by the transmitter. 6. The information of the fourth application of the patent application is transmitted to the information receiver. 7. If the scope of the patent application is 6th, the selection is sent to the transmitter. 8. The scope of claim 1 is for a method for use in the antenna, wherein the method is to be transmitted from (and the selection is performed by the receiver, wherein the receiver is The method wherein the transmission characteristic and the receiver transmit information of a characteristic of one of the communication channels of the subcarrier 48 200906089. wherein the transmission characteristic is that the transmission characteristic is where the data is used and used Antenna 9. The method of claim 8 is information about the quality of the communication channel. 1 0 · If the application is in the scope of item 9, it is a channel status information. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of subcarriers are modulated and transmitted to transmit the modulated subcarriers, wherein the selecting is based on one of the transmission characteristics of the subcarrier transmission. The scope of the patent application is implemented for comparison of one of the different transmission antennas. ιό. αν γ , \々π, the head arm for each of the plurality of subcarriers, the complex Among the antennas, the antenna system is selected to be used to transmit the subcarriers. U. As in the method of claim 12, 1 is made up of a few orbits of the earthy items ★ where the mother carriers of the plurality of subcarriers The selection of one is carried out individually. The method of claim 3, wherein the predetermined criterion is an antenna to be selected for the subcarriers, such that in the transmission: feature The antenna with the highest quality is selected for each _ subcarrier. 16. The method of claim 3, wherein the predetermined criterion is 最大 3 to be distributed to the maximum number of subcarriers of each antenna. The method of claim 16, wherein the predetermined criterion further comprises: 49 200906089 the antennas are selected for the subcarriers such that the antenna having the highest quality among the transmission features is selected For each subcarrier. 〃 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the predetermined criterion further comprises: the antennas are selected for use in the subcarriers, such that for each In the case of a line, the number of subcarriers in which the antenna has been selected is lower than or equal to the predetermined maximum number of subcarriers. 19. The method of claim 4, further comprising: A transmission characteristic of a carrier transmitted from the receiver to one of the antennas. 20. The method of claim 19, further comprising: "complementing" the subcarrier from the receiver to the antenna The characteristics and the difference between the characteristics of the subcarrier transmitted from the antenna to the receiver. ^ 21. A communication system for transmitting data, the data being transmitted using a plurality of subcarriers, The communication system comprises: a receiver; a selection unit configured to select, for each subcarrier, an antenna of a plurality of antennas to be used for transmission of the subcarrier, wherein the selection is based on the A subcarrier transmission feature between the antenna and the receiver. U. The communication system of claim 21, comprising: a receiving unit configured to receive a signal from the receiver 50 200906089, and the first determining unit 'the system is configured The transmission feature is determined based on the received signal. 23. The communication system of claim 22, further comprising: - a second decision unit </ RTI> configured to determine a transmission characteristic of the subcarrier transmission from the receiver to the s antenna. 24. The communication system of claim 23, further comprising: - a compensation unit configured to compensate for the characteristics of the subcarrier transmitted from the receiver to the antenna and the subcarrier from The difference between the characteristics of the antenna transmitted to the 3H receiver. 25. The communication system of claim 22, wherein the material to be transmitted from the transmitter to the receiver and the selection are implemented by the transmitter. 26. The communication system of claim 22, wherein the data to be transmitted from the transmitter to the receiver and the selection are implemented by the receiver. 27. The communication system of claim 26, wherein the receiver sends the selection to the transmitter. 28. The communication system of claim 21, wherein the communication system is a specific radio communication system. 29. The communication system of claim 28, wherein the communication system is a WiMedia communication system. 51 200906089 30. The communication system of claim 28, wherein the communication system is a Bluetooth communication system. 3 1 · The communication system of claim 28, wherein the communication system is a firewire communication system. 32. The communication system of claim 28, wherein the communication system is a certified wireless universal serial bus communication system. Η*1, schema: such as the next page. 52