200905068 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 法。於燃氣渦輪機發電系統及其運轉控制方 之辦料氣體/其係關於具備用以壓縮供應至燃氣渴輪機 在辦氣7^ 體壓職㈣氣渴輪機發H統、及 :二輪機發電系統’產生例如當負載斷路等負載急遽 二電“IS防止燃氣渦輪機超過既定轉速之燃氣渦輪機 ^ %糸統之運轉控制方法。 埤 【先前技術】 石山由於燃氣渦輪機發電比火力銷爐發電效率高且二氧化 二(Γ〇2)之排放量較少’因此應用於環境保護㈣電設備之 例有增加的趨勢。一 另方面’在基礎產業之煉鋼領域，备 々生例如高爐氣體（Blast Furnace Gas，標記為BFG)、輕^ ，肢(LDG)等低熱值之副產氣體。近年來，因技術之提升， '低…、值釗產氣體可在燃氣渦輪機燃燒，使用作為燃氣 @輪機之燃料來發電之事例已有增加。 *圖9〜圖11係表示使用上述低熱值之副產氣體作為燃 氣渦輪機燃料之燃氣渦輪機發電系統之機器配置例。圖9 ，毛電系統101及圖1〇之發電系統1〇2，皆係藉由來自燃 ^渴輪機1 04之動力來發電。圖11之發電系統103，係將 '、、、氣屬輪機105併設於燃氣渦輪機1〇4，藉由來自燃氣渦 7 ' 〇4、蒸氣渴輪機1〇5兩者之動力來發電的複合發電 系先。於各發電系統101、102、103，亦附設有用以壓縮 200905068 燃料氣體之熾M ΗΑ π 女…軋體壓縮機106。此係為了使用低熱值之 田丨J產軋體作為憮# 窄舞彼士古、* 、、+，在大幅增加燃料氣體之供應量後，必 、i、’冋/辰度以調整成燃氣渦輪機所須要之熱值。 圖0之發電系統102及圖1 1之發電系統103中，皆 =速齒輪⑴將燃料氣體壓縮機ι〇6連接於燃氣 機1〇4之旋轉驅動軸110。 於燃氣渴輪構〗04，Γ* "機104设有壓縮燃燒用空氣之空氣壓缩 fi〇7與燃燒器⑽，且連接有發電機109。於燃燒器1〇8, =接有供應來自空氣壓縮機107之麗縮空氣的壓縮空氣配 官112、與供應來自燃料氣體I缩機1〇6之燃料氣體的燃 料氣體供應配f 113。於氣體供應配管113，設有流量控 制閥1 Μ燃、料乳體I缩機1〇6、空氣壓縮機旧、及發電 機1〇9係連接在同軸上，以藉由燃氣渦輪機104來驅動。 又圖11之複合發電系統1〇3 t，蒸氣渦輪機105亦與 發電機1 09連接在同軸上。 如此’使用低熱值氣體作為燃料之發電系統中，必須 有大容量之燃料氣體壓縮機1〇6。此外，由於為大容量， 因此藉由燃氣嫣104之動力來驅動燃料氣舰機 1〇6。由於㈣此種機器配置’因此必須依系統各別設計⑽ 別是軸設計），而無法避免建造期間之長期化及系統建造之 南成本化。 另-方面’使用天然氣等通常燃料之燃氣渦輪機發電 系統中’由於燃料氣體(天然氣)為高熱值，因此一般而+ 無須大容量之燃料氣體壓縮機’小容量之燃料氣體壓縮機 200905068 即可。此時，燃料氣體壓縮機並不與燃氣渴輪機連接，而 獨立§又置，一般而言係藉由中小型馬達來驅動。又乂嫉 料氣體壓力為較高之情況下，則無須燃料氣體壓縮機。… 圖12〜圖13係表示以上述天然氣作為燃氣渴輪機辦 料之燃氣渦輪機發電系統之機器配置例。圖12之發電系 統115:係藉由來自燃氡渦輪機1〇4之動力來發電：圖:手3 糸Γ 116 ’係將蒸氣渦輪機105併設於燃氣渦輪機 稷口發電糸、统。如圖示，於各發電系、統u5、US比 未設置燃料氣體壓縮機，燃料氣體（天然氣）係由供岸源二 接供應至燃燒器108。對與圖9〜圖11之燃氣渴輪機發電 糸狀機益同樣的機器’附上相同符號並省略其詳細說 二用此種機态配置之燃燒天然氣(意指以天然氣為燃料) 之燃氣渦輪機發電系統’在設計時特別是軸設計會變容 易。此外，在重新建造系統時，亦可採取沿用幾乎成標準 之既有設計下將此作微幅改變的方法。 Ζ年來’隨著占大部分發電系統運轉成本之燃料的天 了孔^ mi等’期望廢除燃燒天然氣之燃氣渦輪機發電 系統，而建造燃燒副產氣體(低熱值)之燃氣渦輪機發電系 統或將現有燃燒天然氣之燃氣渦輪機發電系統，改造成 燃燒低熱值氣體之燃氣渦輪機發電系統的使用者已有增 如4述，以往使用以低熱值氣體為燃料之發電 系統中’必須設置大容量之燃料氣體壓縮機，且必須依系 、、先各別α。十（特別是軸設計），因此無法避免建造期間之長 期化及系統建造之高成本化。 8 200905068 電李έ 2 # M低熱值氣體為燃料之燃氣渴輪機發 電糸統，與使用以天然氧耸古 ..π.^ 、乱4回熱值燃料之燃氣渦輪機發電 :、，=’在產生如負載斷路等負載急降之 制燃氣渦輪機之過速（轉速過度上升），且不會跳 _既定轉速，並維持於轉速可控制之狀態。 ❹：=在燃氣渦輪機以額定負載運轉中，於供電系統 輪機發電系統產生以種原因發生負載斷路時， 右將燃軋渦輪機自負載觫 m壯. 負戟解列日寺’會於瞬間陷入過速狀態。 右拴制衣置檢測到此狀況時， 縮小燃料供應系統之流量控制的;^、、共應重’會急速 機之過速。負載斷路之檢測，=;，以抑制燃氣㈣ 號或燃氣渴輪機之轉速訊』等=輪:發電機之輸出訊 p °料，會使流量控 哭之失…t貝'.、、科之取小流！的開纟，以避免燃燒 樣c負載狀態維持額定轉速。該流量控制閥 ==係一邊監測例如燃氣渦輪機轉速、發電機輸 口壓力等運轉機之人口壓力及出 制已揭示於諸多文獻(例如二斷路時之控 2002-n88；：；^^8' 165934 ^ ㈣號公報）。 6就公報、及日本特開_ -料St:然氣為燃料之燃氣渦輪機的情沉下，由於 制間2::?較：：因此其燃料氣體供應配管及流量控 然而，使：t，流量控制闊之控制並不太困難。 使用以上述低熱值氣體為燃料之燃氣漏輪機 200905068 、、先中，此負載急降時之運轉控制則不 埶值，故斟± 易。因燃料氣體為低 …值㈣燃氣渦輪機之燃料供應量較 勹低 之烬料痛駚 ’而使用大口徑 ,.，、寸+孔體供應配管。因此，僅能選 閥。能使用你或θ 1 *丨 大僅之流量控制 使用作為流ϊ控制用之閥形式會 流量批告丨I pq #田 X吸制。基於此種 里控制閥係異於天然氣用之流量控 種 必須小产吾此吨 4 ’在負載斷路時 3 “匕讀態下，難以穩定控制流 吟 路發生之同時 在負载斷 維持d 對燃氣渴輪機之入熱量，且 邊防止失燃料之熱值較低，故難以-大 進仃燃氣渦輪機過速的有效抑制。 統中因低熱值氣體為燃料之燃氣渦輪機發電系 Uh體壓縮制與燃氣渦輪機連接 此情形，燃氣渦輪機、辦料氣 在 電機序列之旋轉體整體的慣性動量（m〇ment)會較大。 【發明内容】200905068 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] Law. The gas for the gas turbine power generation system and its operation control unit is related to the supply of the gas to the gas turbine, the gas turbine, the gas turbine, and the second turbine. The system 'produces an operation control method for a gas turbine that prevents the gas turbine from exceeding a predetermined speed when the load is broken, such as when the load is broken. 埤 [Prior Art] Stone mountain power generation due to gas turbine power generation High efficiency and less emissions of bismuth dioxide (Γ〇2)' Therefore, there are increasing trends in the application of environmental protection (4) electrical equipment. On the other hand, in the field of steelmaking in the basic industry, for example, blast furnace gas is prepared. (Blast Furnace Gas, marked as BFG), light gas, limb (LDG) and other low calorific value by-product gas. In recent years, due to the improvement of technology, 'low..., value gas can be burned in gas turbines, used as An example of gas-fired fuel to generate electricity has been increased. * Fig. 9 to Fig. 11 show an example of a machine arrangement of a gas turbine power generation system using the above-described low calorific value by-product gas as a gas turbine fuel. 9. The power system 101 and the power generation system 1〇2 of Fig. 1 are all powered by the power from the combustion engine. The power generation system 103 of Fig. 11 is a combination of ',, and gas turbines 105. In the gas turbine 1 4, a composite power generation system that generates power from both the gas vortex 7 ' 〇 4 and the steam chill turbine 1 〇 5 is first used. The power generation systems 101, 102, and 103 are also provided with Compressed 200905068 Fuel gas igniting M ΗΑ π female... rolling body compressor 106. This is to use the low calorific value of the 丨 产 产 产 产 窄 窄 窄 窄 窄 窄 窄 窄 窄 窄 窄 窄 窄 窄 窄 窄 窄 窄 窄 窄 窄 窄 窄 窄 窄 窄 窄 窄 窄 窄 窄 窄After the supply, the must, i, '冋 / Chen degree to adjust the heat value required for the gas turbine. In the power generation system 102 of Figure 0 and the power generation system 103 of Figure 11, both = speed gear (1) compresses the fuel gas The machine 〇6 is connected to the rotary drive shaft 110 of the gas engine 1〇4. The gas thirsty wheel structure 04, the Γ* " machine 104 is provided with an air compression compressor 7 and a burner (10) for compressing combustion air. And a generator 109 is connected. At the burner 1〇8, = the pressure of the condensed air supplied from the air compressor 107 is connected. The air-reducing valve 112 is provided with a fuel gas supply f 113 for supplying the fuel gas from the fuel gas I condensing unit 1 〇 6. The gas supply pipe 113 is provided with a flow control valve 1 for igniting, and the emulsion I condensing machine 1 〇6, the old air compressor, and the generator 1〇9 are connected on the coaxial to be driven by the gas turbine 104. The composite power generation system of Fig. 11 is 1〇3 t, the steam turbine 105 is also connected with the generator 1 09 is connected to the coaxial. Thus, in a power generation system using a low calorific value gas as a fuel, there must be a large-capacity fuel gas compressor 1〇6. Further, since it is large in capacity, it is driven by the power of the gas burner 104. Fuel gas ship aircraft 1〇6. Since (4) this type of machine configuration must therefore be designed according to the system (10) and the shaft design), the long-term construction period and the cost of system construction cannot be avoided. Another aspect is 'in a gas turbine power generation system that uses a normal fuel such as natural gas.' Because the fuel gas (natural gas) is a high calorific value, it is generally a fuel gas compressor with a large capacity and a small-capacity fuel gas compressor 200905068. . At this point, the fuel gas compressor is not connected to the gas turbine, but is independently set and is generally driven by a small and medium motor. In the case where the gas pressure is high, the fuel gas compressor is not required. Fig. 12 to Fig. 13 are diagrams showing an example of the arrangement of a gas turbine power generation system using the above natural gas as a gas turbine engine. The power generation system 115 of Fig. 12 is powered by the power from the combustion turbine 1〇4: Fig. 3: The hand turbine 3 is installed in the gas turbine. As shown in the figure, the fuel gas compressor is supplied to each of the power generation systems, the U5, and the US, and the fuel gas (natural gas) is supplied from the shore source to the burner 108. The same machine as the gas-fired turbine generator of Figures 9 to 11 is attached with the same reference numerals and the detailed description of the combustion of natural gas (meaning natural gas fuel) in this configuration is omitted. The gas turbine power generation system 'is particularly easy to design when designing the shaft. In addition, when rebuilding the system, it is also possible to adopt a method of making a slight change in the existing design which is almost standard. In the following years, 'the gas turbine power generation system that burns by-product gas (low calorific value) is built with the gas turbine power generation system that wants to abolish the natural gas burning gas system with the fuel that accounts for the operating cost of most power generation systems. The user of a gas-fired power generation system that burns existing natural gas has been transformed into a gas turbine power generation system that burns low-calorific gas. As a result, in the past, a low-calorific gas fueled power generation system has been used. The fuel gas compressor must be independent of α. Ten (especially shaft design), it is impossible to avoid the long-term construction period and the high cost of system construction. 8 200905068 Electric Li Wei 2 # M low calorific value gas for fuel gas thirteen turbine power generation system, and gas turbine using natural oxygen to spur the ancient gas.. π.^, chaotic 4 heat fuel::, = 'Overspeed in the gas turbine that produces a sudden drop in load such as load disconnection (excessive increase in speed), and does not jump _ a predetermined speed, and is maintained in a state where the speed can be controlled. ❹:=When the gas turbine is operating at rated load, when the power supply system of the power supply system generates a load disconnection for a variety of reasons, the right-handling turbine will be self-loading. The negative 戟解日日寺 will fall into the moment. Overspeed condition. When the right-hand clothing device detects this condition, the flow control of the fuel supply system is reduced; ^, and the total weight should be too fast. Load disconnection detection, =;, to suppress the gas (four) or gas thirteen turbine speed signal, etc. = wheel: generator output signal p ° material, will flow control crying loss ... t shell '., Take a small stream! The opening is to avoid burning the sample c load state to maintain the rated speed. The flow control valve == monitors the population pressure of the operating machine such as the gas turbine speed, the generator inlet pressure, and the like, and has been disclosed in many documents (for example, the control of the second disconnection 2002-n88;:;^^8) ' 165934 ^ (4) Bulletin). 6 on the bulletin, and the Japanese special open _ - St: the gas is the fuel of the gas turbine sinking, because the system 2::? compared:: Therefore, its fuel gas supply piping and flow control, however: It is not too difficult to control the flow control. The use of the above-mentioned low calorific value gas as fuel gas leakage turbine 200905068, the first, the load control when the load is not degraded, so 斟 ± easy. The use of large diameter, ., inch + hole supply piping is used because the fuel gas is low (the value of the fuel gas supply of the gas turbine is relatively low). Therefore, only valves can be selected. Can use you or θ 1 *丨 Large flow control Use as a valve form for rogue control. Flow report 丨I pq #田 X suction. Based on this type of control valve is different from the flow control of natural gas, it must be produced in small quantities. This is 4' in the case of load disconnection. 3 Under the read state, it is difficult to control the flow of the flow while maintaining the load. The heat input of the gas turbine is not high, so it is difficult to prevent the fuel from being deactivated. In this case, the gas turbine and the feed gas have a large inertia momentum (m〇ment) in the entire rotating body of the motor sequence.
V 本發明係為解決此課題而構成，其目的在於提供—種 熱值氣體。亦即^ 以設計及製造容易之燃燒低 燃氣渦輪機發電争:先㈣tr供一種燃燒低熱值氣體的 置之燃燒高心r的：製造、且能容易改造已設 的在於提供-、種： 輪機發電系統。再者，其目 種燃氣渦輪機之運轉控制方法，在此種鐵声 急降時，可县认…輪g電系統’發生負載斷路等負載 易於控制燃氣渦輪機轉速上升。 10 200905068 本發明之燃氣渦輪機發電系統，係具備：燃氣渦輪機； 發電機，以可傳達旋轉力之方式連接於該燃氣渦輪機； 燃料氣體壓縮機，用以壓縮供應至該燃氣渦輪機之燃料氣 體；馬達，用以驅動該燃料氣體壓縮機；第一驅動用供電 線路，用以將電力由該發電機供應至該，㈣；以及系統控 制裝置’用以控制燃氣渦輪機之運轉。 根據此種燃氣渦輪機發電系統，可沿用習知以天然氣 等高熱值氣體為燃料之燃氣渦輪機發電系統的機器配置。 因此'，無須新的軸設計、或變得容易。其結果，容易設計 製造並可縮短建造期間及降低系統建造成本。&，即使在 發生負載斷路等外部負載各咯士 , ^ _ y 貝戰心降日，由於燃料氣體壓縮機用 馬達係以負載方式存在，因此 u此不會如習知技術般燃氣渦輪 :之負載極端大幅降低。其結果，由於預先抑制燃氣渦輪 轉速上升，因此易純制燃氣渦輪機之轉速。 除該來自發電機之篦 — 书俄·^弟驅動用供電線路外，亦具備第 —驅動用供電線路，用乂脾Φ 、 ，電力由该發電機以外之電源供 …至該馬達；可使該系 .m ^ fJ衮置構成為切換由該第二驅 動用供電線路對該馬達之供電、盎 — ^ ^ . /、由6亥弟一驅動用供電線 略對该馬達之供電。 了於4第二驅動用供電線 哭 略0又置具有固定型頻率轉換 口。的馬達啟動裝置，用以啟 使篦_ H 動W馬達。根據此種構成，即 吏第一驅動用供 電氣相位及電C…V 機之兩個供電系統中， 仅及電堡彼此相異時， …問喊可啟動馬達。 j竹这弟一驅動用供電線 ~吩逆钱於位在該第二驅動用 200905068 供電線路，馬達與馬達啟動裝置之間的部分。 飨σ: X第驅動用供電線路連接於該第二驅動用供電 =並該馬達啟動裝置連接於位在該第二驅動用供 17 :’、弟一驅動用供電線路之連接部與馬達之間的部 刀。根據此種構成，基士心 的斗玄 卩制自發電機供應至馬達之電氣 的頻率，可調節燃料氣體壓縮機之氣體壓縮率。 可設置發電機母狳故 ^ - , n u. ^ ,、、，用以將電力由該發電機送出至 外口Ρ ’且將電力由外部 機；可將該第二驅動用：:發電機以驅動該燃氣渦輪 希據卜 ”毛線路連接於該發電機母線路。 根據此種構成，由於 機@#势 、减'應設於第二驅動用供電線路之 ° ΙΓΓ’因此能降低設備成本及維修成本故較佳。 本啦明之辦顏、、典认丨 氣渦輪機發電系統：二：電系統的運轉控制方法，該燃 旋轉力之方式連渦輪機；發電機’以可傳達 以壓縮供應至該辦':二：渴輪機；燃料氣體壓縮機，用 該燃料氣體壓縮機 ” ’馬達，用以驅動 該運轉控4:::及人電力供應線，用以對該馬達供 係由該電力供應線對二：料氣體壓縮機啟動時， 中，係由該發電機對該馬^^電，於該燃氣渴輪機運轉 根據本方法， 載急降時，盥前述门載斷路等燃氣渦輪機之外部負 於該辦氣、、仏’易於控制燃氣渦輪機之轉速。 壓縮機之運機之⑽降時，藉由變更該燃料氣體 燃氣渦輪機之轉迷。冑即馬達之負載’藉此更容易控制 12 200905068 可於該燃氣渦輪機之負載急降時，降低對燃氣渦輪機 之入熱罝，且如上述般變更該燃料氣體壓縮機之運轉條 件。 ^ 根據本發明，在建造燃燒低熱值氣體之燃氣渦輪機發 電系統下，由於可沿用已成標準設計之燃燒高熱值氣體（天 然氣等）之燃氣渦輪機發電系統的機器配置，因此不須新的 軸設計或容易。因此，以設計製造並可縮短建造期間及 降低系統建造成本。再者，在此種燃燒低熱值氣體之燃氣 渦輪機發電系、統，發生負載斷路等負載急降時，可易於和 制燃氣渦輪機轉速之上升。 、ρ 本發明之前述或進一步内容，由使用圖式詳述之以 說明會清楚明白。 L頁狍方式】 ，照上述附加圖式說明本發明之燃氣心機發電系統 及燃氟渦輪機之運轉控制方法的實施形態。 ’、、’· 杏圖…丄係概略表示包含本發明之燃氣渦輪機發電系統之 一貝靶形態之燃氣渦輪機發電系統丨 ’、、’、 輪機發雷糸怂Η、 糸、、先圖。此燃氣渦 輪Μ電糸統i(以下，亦僅稱為發電系統^，係使 爐S所產生之低熱值副產氣體” 门 渦輪機2之燃料，以作為氣體產tBFG為燃氣 燃燒器3、將辦-料氣體供庫i 、 此外，具備 … 應燃燒器3之蝣料氣體供靡阶 官、用以壓縮燃料氣體之燃料氣體壓縮: 氣供應至燃燒…空氣壓縮機6、及發:將壓縮空 奴电機7。上述燃 13 200905068 料氣體供應配管4在w * 係攸軋體產生源s經由燃料氣體壓 5連接至婵燒_ 飞札媪壤化機 …° 3。於燃料氣體供應配管4之婵料氣 縮機5與燃燒器3 枚體壓 之間的。卩分，設有流量控制閥i 〇。 :本心電系统！之通常運轉時，系統控制 例如發電機7之耠ψ枯v 置0係以 輸出值、燃氣渦輪機2之轉速、空翕 機6之出入口壓力 礼壓縮 至力、及燃氣渦輪機2之排氣溫度等為 訊號，來控制流量芍輸入 篁控制閥10之開度，以依照其變 對燃氣渦輪機之入熱。 勒進仃 空氣壓縮機6 及务電機7，係與燃氣渦輪機2 同軸上’以藉由揪氣 ^ “、、礼渦輪機2之旋轉軸2a來驅動。以 機β配置’係與習知燃燒天然氣之燃氣渦輪 共通。因此，系統之設計製造會變得容易。铁而， 燃燒=线之燃氣渴輪機之發電系統，如前述般，係^ 燒低，、、、值乳體之本燃氣渦輪機發電系统丄，設有大容旦 燃料氣體壓縮機5。兮拗祖名辨两w °又 谷里之 、 ^ °亥燃枓軋體壓縮機5，並未與燃翁识 輪機2連結於同軸而係獨立 ” ^ π， 此點為本系統1之特η 之一。二’因配置大容量之燃料氣體壓縮機5，故— 新的_。此點亦有助於設計製造之容易化。獨立配署、 之燃枓乳體壓縮機5,並非藉由燃氣渴輪冑2驅動 由其專用之馬達9來驅動。此外， ，、 ^ ^ 设迷般，係由發雷處 之廠内供電配線（母線路）供電於該 电廠 呵運9，且亦可由卜 發電機7供電於該馬達9。此點亦為 上迷 圖2係表示用以驅動上述發電 及燃料氣體壓縮機5、及用以輸送 m㈣機2 k不自發電機7之電力的 14 200905068 電氣系統。針對系統控制…則 電廉設有由發電機7往外抑 其圖不。於此舍 】!、及對燃料氣體I缩機5之馬達=第-母線： 二母線路12。 1逆^仏电時等所使用之第 於該第—母線路U與發電機7 路13。於雷i# # & J 有發電機母線 七窀祛母線路13，係供 85 第一母線路1 1 « $ 、 叙電機7輸送至 . 及亦供於啟動燃氣渦輪機2„ 弟一母線路Π對發電機7供電 ⑽機2時，由 13設有啟動時使用之斷路器…、載=電機母線 斷路器W。此外，於發電機母線路13設^^，用之 機2用之啟動裝置15的旁路母線路15a :然乳渦輪 心於該旁路母線路…，亦設有斷M 14b過此斷路器 :路器，。上述啟動裝置15，係利用發電機7 有 電動機’用來啟動燃氣渦輪冑 ”、、同步 止型頻率轉換器作為此啟動裳置J如’亦可使用例如靜 於發電機7與燃料氣體壓縮機5用之馬達 有第-驅動用供電線路16，於第二母 之間，設 9之間’設有第二驅動用供電線路丨 電上：馬達 :r設有斷路…14"-驅動用=;:、 係供燃氣㈣機2運轉時，由發電機7對馬達9供路16’ 氣體壓縮機5之母線路。第二驅動用供電線’以 係供燃氣渦輪機2啟動時，由第二母㈣12對^ 電，以啟動燃料氣體壓縮機5之母線 ^ 9供 Μ ^ ^ 、塔。於該第二驅私田 笔線路17,設有用以啟動馬達9之馬達啟動裝置18 15 200905068 由於係使用靜止型頻率轉換器 ,，gf7 ^ 乍為該馬達啟動裝置1 8，因 料使在來自第二母線路12之電氣及來自 氣的相位及電壓彼此相異時， 機 之电 點亦為本系統1之特徵之二動馬達9。此 發電機母…、及旁路母線：Γ5^ 變屢器8。 上之適且部位，設有 參照圖2針對系統控制裝置7。 1的運轉控制作說明。於運韓心1 電系統 斷π 連轉開始前’開放配線上之所有 畊路為 14a、l4b、14c、14d、η ’ 徂I l4e、及斷路器14f。亦即， (、電係被阻斷。接著，為啟動燃氣 …、旁路母線路15a上 機2 之斷路盗14b、及斷路器14f。如 “ 置15即改變頻率對發電機7供電，藉此使發 電機7旋轉作為同步電動機 ^ 時，由於將天然氣NG=洋氣渦輪機2旋轉。此 3 時供應至燃氣渦輪機之燃燒器 作為啟動時之燃料，因此燃氣漏輪機2即啟動。 接者’開放上述旁路母線路…上之斷路器⑽、及 二-…而結束啟動農置15之任務。另—方面，關閉 务電機母線路13 h之iff 时1 < 气Π — 上之斷路# 14a’將發電機7所產生之電 至弟-母㈣u ’以配電至發電薇内部或外部之使 用者處二接著’關閉第二驅動用供電線路17上之斷路器 由第—母線路12對馬達啟動裝i 18供電。如此， 達啟'裝置18即驅動燃料氣體壓縮機5之馬達9至 ' :藉由„亥馬達9之旋轉便啟動燃料氣體壓縮機5。 接者’如圖3所示，馬達啟動裝置18使來自第二母線 16 200905068 路12之電氣及發電機7所產生之電氣的相位及電壓同步。 關閉第-驅動用供電線路16上之斷路器14c，由發電機7 對馬達9供電。開放第二驅動用供電線路丨7上之斷路器 14d，以停止由第二母線路12對馬達啟動裝置u之供電。 亦即’對馬達9之供電路徑係由第二驅動用供電線路17 切換至第—驅動用供電線路16。藉由自發電機7對馬達9 ’二“共電’燃料氣體壓縮機5即進入通常運轉。接著，通 =料氣體供應配管4將燃料氣體（低熱值氣體）供應至燃 Λ疋益3 ’燃氣渦輪機2俑„ 更開始通Φ運轉。此時，供應於啟 動用之天然氣即停止其供應。 姆針對負載斷路測試之運轉控制作說明，以作為 載急降之-例。在商業用燃氣渦輪機發電 載1規疋必須藉由負載斷路測試來確認，於額定負 氣渴輪機不會超過容生作用’以使燃 之額定轉速的^速（―^言’係負載運轉時 才准許作業。之功能經確認無問題後， 管上之产旦押_ 糸指包含例如調節燃料氣體供應配 ，里控制閥之開度的系統控制裝置等。 負载斷路測試，如 路用使用之斷路器二雖開放作為突然負載斷 但其他電路系㈣絡姑 I、轧渦輪機2之外部負载， 系’’充係維持通常之運棘壯能 + 持續對燃料氣體I縮機5 '。亦即，發電機7 燃氣渴輪機2 ^ ’” 供電。另一方面，雖 額定運轉所供列’但並無法使至此止為維持 f 1、應之入敎吾龄PU, °多餘部分之入熱量會 27 200905068 產生上述旋轉體之加速轉距，使婵氣渦衿機9 & * 速上升。即使^鮮 似、、^輪機2加速而使轉 況下，亦必須急遽減少入埶量，以 使燃氣渦輪機2之轉速不超過料最大轉迷。 由於在習知燃燒天然氣之燃氣渦輪機 時實質上負載即變成零，因此多㈣分之斷路之同 令口此夕餘邠刀之入熱量會變得較 電機由於本系統1中，即使發生負載斷路由發 體壓縮機5用之馬達9亦經常供電，因此V The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a calorific value gas. That is, to design and manufacture an easy-to-burn low-gas turbine power generation competition: first (four) tr for a burning low-calorific value gas burning high-hearted r: manufacturing, and can be easily modified to provide -, species: turbine Power system. Further, in the operation control method of the gas turbine of the above-mentioned type, in the case of such a sudden drop of the electric sound, it is possible to easily recognize the load of the gas turbine by increasing the load such as the load disconnection. 10 200905068 The gas turbine power generation system of the present invention comprises: a gas turbine; a generator coupled to the gas turbine in a manner capable of transmitting a rotational force; and a fuel gas compressor for compressing supply to the gas turbine a fuel gas; a motor for driving the fuel gas compressor; a first driving power supply line for supplying electric power to the generator, (4); and a system control device 'for controlling the operation of the gas turbine. According to such a gas turbine power generation system, a machine configuration of a gas turbine power generation system in which a high calorific value gas such as natural gas is used as a fuel can be used. Therefore, there is no need for a new shaft design or it becomes easy. As a result, it is easy to design and manufacture and shorten the construction period and reduce the system construction cost. & Even if an external load such as a load disconnection occurs, ^ _ y 战 战 战 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , : The load is extremely reduced. As a result, since the gas turbine rotation speed is increased in advance, the rotation speed of the gas turbine is easily purified. In addition to the power supply line from the generator - the Russian-Russian driver, there is also a first-drive power supply line, which uses the power supply other than the generator to supply the motor to the motor; The system .m ^ fJ is configured to switch the power supply to the motor by the second driving power supply line, and the power supply to the motor is slightly omitted by the driving circuit of the driving circuit. The 4th drive power supply line is crying slightly and has a fixed frequency conversion port. The motor starting device is used to activate the 篦H drive motor. According to this configuration, in the two power supply systems for the first drive electric phase and the electric C...V, only when the electric castles are different from each other, the motor can be started. j bamboo this brother is a driver with a power supply line ~ 吩 counter money in place in the second drive 200905068 power supply line, the part between the motor and the motor starting device.飨σ: X driving power supply line is connected to the second driving power supply= and the motor starting device is connected between the second driving supply 17:', the connection between the driving power supply line and the motor Knife. According to this configuration, the base of the Keith heart is made from the frequency of the electric power supplied from the generator to the motor, and the gas compression rate of the fuel gas compressor can be adjusted. The generator mother can be set to ^ - , n u. ^ , , , to send power from the generator to the external port Ρ 'and the power is from the external machine; the second drive can be used:: generator In order to drive the gas turbine, the "hair line" is connected to the generator bus line. According to this configuration, since the machine @# potential, minus ' should be set to the second drive power supply line ΙΓΓ', the device can be lowered. Cost and maintenance costs are better. Benjamin's work, the model of the helium gas turbine power generation system: two: the operation control method of the electric system, the way of burning the rotating force with the turbine; the generator 'to communicate with the compressed supply To the office ': two: thirst turbine; fuel gas compressor, using the fuel gas compressor" 'motor, to drive the operation control 4::: and the human power supply line for the motor to supply Power supply line pair 2: When the material gas compressor is started, the generator is powered by the generator, and the gas turbine is operated according to the method according to the method. The external part of the gas turbine is responsible for the operation of the gas, Controlling the rotational speed of the gas turbine. When the compressor (10) is lowered, the fuel gas turbine is changed by the change. That is, the load of the motor' is thereby easier to control. 12 200905068 The heat input to the gas turbine can be reduced when the load of the gas turbine is rapidly reduced, and the operating conditions of the fuel gas compressor are changed as described above. ^ According to the present invention, under the construction of a gas turbine power generation system for burning a low calorific value gas, since a machine configuration of a gas turbine power generation system that has been designed to burn high calorific value gas (natural gas, etc.) can be used, no new one is required. The shaft design is easy or easy. Therefore, it is designed and manufactured and can shorten the construction period and reduce the system construction cost. Further, in such a gas turbine power generation system that burns a low calorific value gas, when a load drop such as a load disconnection occurs, the rotation speed of the gas turbine can be easily increased. The above or further aspects of the present invention will be apparent from the detailed description of the drawings. L page 狍 method] An embodiment of the gas heart machine power generation system and the operation control method for the fluorine gas turbine of the present invention will be described with reference to the above additional drawings. ',, '· Apricot diagram... The outline of a gas turbine power generation system including a gas turbine power generation system of the present invention, 丨', ', ',,,,,,,,, . The gas turbine electric system i (hereinafter, also referred to as a power generation system ^, is a low calorific value by-product gas generated by the furnace S), the fuel of the door turbine 2, as a gas producing tBFG for the gas burner 3 The gas supply reservoir i, in addition, has... the fuel gas supplied to the burner 3, the fuel gas compression for compressing the fuel gas: gas supply to combustion... air compressor 6, and hair: The air compressor motor 7 is compressed. The fuel gas supply pipe 4 is connected to the * _ _ 媪 媪 媪 媪 。 。 。 。 。 。 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 There is a flow control valve i 卩 between the feed gas shrinking machine 5 of the supply pipe 4 and the body pressure of the burner. The current control system, for example, the generator 7 The v v v is set to 0 to control the flow rate 芍 input 篁 control by the output value, the speed of the gas turbine 2, the inlet and outlet pressure of the air compressor 6, and the exhaust temperature of the gas turbine 2 The opening of the valve 10 to change the heat of the gas turbine according to its change. The air compressor 6 and the electric motor 7 are driven coaxially with the gas turbine 2 to be driven by the xenon gas "2" and the rotating shaft 2a of the ceremonial turbine 2. The gas turbine is common. Therefore, the design and manufacture of the system will become easier. Iron, the combustion system of the gas-thirty turbine of the combustion line, as described above, is the gas turbine that burns the low, and, and value of the milk. The power generation system is equipped with a large-capacity fuel gas compressor 5. The name of the ancestors is two w ° and the valley, the ^ ° ignited rolling body compressor 5, is not connected to the engine It is independent of ^ π, which is one of the special η of the system 1. The second is because of the large-capacity fuel gas compressor 5, so the new _. This also contributes to the ease of design and manufacture. The independent fueling machine 5, which is not driven by the gas thirsty wheel 胄2, is driven by its special motor 9. In addition, ^^ is fascinated by the factory in the mine The power supply wiring (mother line) is supplied to the power plant 9 and can also be powered by the generator 7 to the motor 9 This point is also the above. Fig. 2 shows the 14 200905068 electrical system for driving the above-mentioned power generation and fuel gas compressor 5, and for transmitting m (4) machine 2 k without the power of the generator 7. For system control... It is provided by the generator 7 to the outside, and the figure is not. Here, the motor of the fuel gas I reducer 5 = the first bus: the second bus line 12. The reverse is used when the power is used. The first-bus line U and the generator 7 road 13. The mine i## & J has a generator busbar seven-mother bus line 13, which is for 85 first bus line 1 1 « $ , Su motor 7 is delivered to. And also for starting the gas turbine 2 „ 一 母 母 Π Π 发电机 发电机 发电机 发电机 发电机 发电机 发电机 发电机 发电机 发电机 发电机 发电机 发电机 发电机 发电机 发电机 发电机 发电机 发电机 发电机 发电机 发电机 发电机 发电机 发电机 发电机 发电机 发电机 发电机 发电机 发电机 发电机 发电机 发电机 发电机In addition, the generator bus line 13 is provided, and the bypass bus line 15a of the starting device 15 for the machine 2 is used for the bypass bus line ... and the circuit breaker 14 is also provided with the breaker M 14b. : Road device,. The above-mentioned starting device 15 uses the generator 7 to have a motor 'for starting the gas turbine 胄', and the synchronous stop type frequency converter as the starting device J. 'It is also possible to use, for example, the generator 7 and the fuel gas compression. The motor for the machine 5 has a first-drive power supply line 16, between the second mothers, and between 9 is provided with a second drive power supply line: motor: r is provided with an open circuit... 14"-drive =;: When the gas (4) machine 2 is in operation, the generator 7 supplies the motor 9 with the bus line 16' of the gas compressor 5, and the second drive power supply line 'for the gas turbine 2 is started. The second mother (four) 12 pairs are electrically connected to start the bus line of the fuel gas compressor 5, and the tower is provided with a motor starting device 18 15 for starting the motor 9. 200905068 Since the static frequency converter is used, gf7 ^ 乍 is the motor starting device 18, because the phase and voltage of the electrical and the incoming gas from the second bus line 12 are different from each other, the electrical point of the machine Also a second motor 9 that is characteristic of the system 1. This generator mother... and Bypass bus: Γ5^ variable repeater 8. The upper part is provided with reference to Fig. 2 for the operation control of system control unit 7. 1. Yu Yun Han Xin 1 electric system cut π before the start of the turn All the roads on the wiring are 14a, l4b, 14c, 14d, η ' 徂I l4e, and the circuit breaker 14f. That is, (the electric system is blocked. Then, to start the gas..., the bypass bus line 15a The circuit breaker 14b of the upper machine 2 and the circuit breaker 14f. If the power is supplied to the generator 7 by changing the frequency, whereby the generator 7 is rotated as the synchronous motor ^, the natural gas NG = the ocean gas turbine 2 is rotated. At 3 o'clock, the burner supplied to the gas turbine is used as the fuel at the start, so the gas leakage turbine 2 is started. The receiver opens the circuit breaker (10), and the second-... on the bypass bus line... The task of 15. On the other hand, when the iff of the motor circuit is turned off for 13 h, 1 < gas Π - the break on the road # 14a', the electricity generated by the generator 7 is sent to the younger brother (four) u ' Or the external user at the second place then 'turn off the second drive power supply line 1 The circuit breaker on 7 is powered by the first bus circuit 12 to the motor starting device i 18. Thus, the device 18 drives the motor 9 to ' of the fuel gas compressor 5: the fuel is started by the rotation of the motor 9 The gas compressor 5. The connector 'as shown in Fig. 3, the motor starting device 18 synchronizes the electrical phase and voltage generated by the electric and generator 7 from the second bus 16 200905068. 12 Turn off the first-drive power supply line The circuit breaker 14c on the 16th supplies power to the motor 9 by the generator 7. The circuit breaker 14d on the second drive power supply line 丨7 is opened to stop the supply of power to the motor starting device u by the second bus line 12. That is, the power supply path to the motor 9 is switched to the first drive power supply line 16 by the second drive power supply line 17. The normal operation is carried out by the self-generator 7 for the motor 9 'two "common-electric" fuel gas compressor 5. Next, the feed gas supply pipe 4 supplies the fuel gas (low calorific value gas) to the fuel gas 3' The gas turbine 2 俑 „ starts to operate Φ. At this time, the natural gas supplied for start-up is stopped. The operation control of the load breaking test is described as an example of the sudden drop of the load. In the case of commercial gas turbines, the load regulation must be confirmed by the load breaking test. The rated negative gas thirteenth turbine will not exceed the capacity of the engine to make the rated speed of the burning speed (“^言” load operation. The operation is permitted. After the function is confirmed to be no problem, the production of the pipe _ 糸 refers to, for example, a system control device that adjusts the fuel gas supply and the opening of the control valve, etc. Load disconnection test, such as road use Although the circuit breaker 2 is open as a sudden load disconnection, the other circuit system (4) is the external load of the rolling mill 2, and the charging system maintains the normal transportation capacity + the continuous fuel gas I reduction machine 5 '. , generator 7 gas thirsty turbine 2 ^ '" power supply. On the other hand, although the rated operation is provided 'but can not be maintained until the end of the maintenance of f 1, the amount of heat into the PU, ° the excess part of the heat Meeting 27 200905068 The acceleration torque of the above-mentioned rotating body is generated, so that the Xenon vortex machine 9 & * speed rises. Even if the engine is accelerated, the engine 2 must be rapidly reduced to reduce the amount of enthalpy. Speed the gas turbine 2 The maximum amount of material is lost. Because the actual load becomes zero when the gas turbine that burns natural gas is used, the heat of the multiple (four) points is the same as that of the motor. In the case of 1, the motor 9 for the load breaker 6 is often supplied with power, so
定負’但實質上負載並非為零，而變成額 雷 列如20〜4〇%。相較於不由發電冑7對上述馬達 :電之習知燃氣渦輪機，該部分可抑制燃氣渦輪機2之轉 =上升°因A ’無須使燃料氣體之供應量急遽且極端地 亦即’即使是大口徑之流量控制閥1G，亦容易進行 項控制，而易於控制燃氣渦輪機2之轉速。 又’上述馬it 9之消耗動力愈高，負載 輪機之殘存負载愈大。因此，可藉由利用此，於負載= 時變^燃料氣體壓縮機5之運轉條件，以調節馬達9；^ 載，藉此能更容易控制燃氣渦輪機2之轉速。 般而言，係使用軸流式壓縮機作為燃料氣體壓縮機。 本貫施形態之上述燃料氣體壓縮機5亦採用軸流式壓縮 機，藉由變更該流體入口側之導葉的傾斜角，即可調整燃 料氣體之壓力。 ‘·'、 圖2〜圖4所示之電氣系統中，用以啟動燃氣渦輪機2 之電力供應及自發電機7料部之電力供應的第—母線路 11、與用以啟動燃料氣體壓縮機用馬達9之電力供應的第 18 200905068 二母線路12係不 口口一么 系統。然而，如圖5所示，亦斤―丄 早一糸統（母線路）i 1， 了糟由 進竹兩種電力供應。 圖5所示之電氛系纪丄 嗖第及系、，先中，若與圖2對照即可知 。又弟—母線路丨2。藉 係未 代小丨， 精田將第二驅動用供電線路1 7馇拉从 發電機母線路丨3，自笛 連接於 第_ —母線路1 1通過發電機母線路13 及弟—驅動用供電線 „ 對燃料氣體壓縮機用馬it 9 # 應啟動用電力。篦1運9供 力第—軀動用供電線路17連接 線路13的部分，俜旁使弋愈电機母 刀係旁路母線路15a之連接點與變壓器8之 二:二亚不限定於該位置。根據此種構成，可減少斷 路益⑷或變麈器8之件數，母線路亦以單—者即可^ :、與圖2〜圖4所示之電氣系統的相異點僅為以上說明之 广刀：其他構成相@，因此對相同構成物附記相同參照符 號’並省略其說明。 .； ’“圖6表不應用與圖2或圖5所示之電氣系統相 :、之機器配置的電氣系統。此電氣系统，亦為用以驅動上 述燃氣渴輪機發電系統1之燃氣渴輪機2及燃料氣體壓縮 機5、及用以自發電機7輸送電力之電氣^統。圖6係表 不已開放配線上之所有斷路器14a、14b、Uc、丨W、丨^、 及斷路器14f之運轉開始前的狀態。亦即，供電已被阻斷。 圖或圖5所示之電氣系統中，由發電機7對氣體壓縮機 馬達9之第驅動用供電線路16,係連接於第二驅動用 供電線路17之該馬達9與其啟動裝置18之間的部分。然 而圖6之電氣系統中，上述第一驅動用供電線路丨6，係 連接於第二驅動用供電線路17之馬達啟動裝置18的上游 19 200905068 側(啟動裒置18之第二母線路12側)。 根據此種構成，在本發電系 由該馬達啟動裝置]8 、、’ 之通常運轉時，可藉 之轉速）改變。因為體屢縮機5之轉速（馬達9 四為，由於如前诚和在处 器作為此馬達啟動裝置18，因此可：靜止型頻率轉換 9之轉速。此時，雖亦可使用前述:導由荦:二變更馬達 作為燃料氣體摩縮機5,但由：葉之軸流式歷縮機 調整氣體壓縮率，因此 曰‘、、、啟動裝置來 知 j 定用離心壓縮機。 麥照圖6針對系統控制裝置7〇 1的運轉控制作說明。圖6之 ’”、:、：’機發電系統 統相對照，馬達9啟動德 ......、'圖2之電氣系 文動後’在由發電機7對黾这 狀態下之運轉控制彼此相異。亦即，即使在圖電^ =:自第二母線路12之電氣與發電機二 相位及電壓同步之下，將對馬達9之供電路徑由第 —驅動用供電線路17切換至第—驅動用供電線路16。缺 =後由發電機7對馬達9之供電，係通過具有頻率轉 ’运啟動哀置18纟進行。因此，即可藉由馬達 啟動裝置18之頻率轉換作用，來變更馬達9之轉速。根 據㈣構成’即使在燃料氣體壓縮機5不具備流體壓變^ 力月匕（導葉等），亦可藉由馬達啟動裝置18之控制，來改變 燃料氣體壓縮貞5之氣體壓縮率。當然，使用附導葉之軸 流式壓縮機亦無問題。 圖7亦表示可由發電機7通過馬達啟動裝置18供電至 馬達9之黾氣系統。圖7所示之電氣系統中，若與圖6相 20 200905068 對照即可知’係未設第二母線 電線路Η連接於發電機母線路13，自稭第由將第二驅動用供 發電機母線路13及第二驅動 線路U通過 動燃料氣體壓縮機用馬達9之雷力線势路17，供應用以啟 17所連接之發電機母線路13的部分，=動用供電線路 之連接點與變壓器8之間。當妖，=路母線路… 據此種構成，可節省 又疋於該位置。根 早一者即P由；^6 母線路亦以 說明之部八# ^電軋糸統的相點僅為以上 對二編成與圖6所示之電氣系統相同，因此 :成物附記相同參照符號’並省略其說明。 :照圖8針對上述運轉控制之效果作說明。 化。，二4係表示負載斷路時燃氣渦輪機2之負载的變 表二=時間’縱轴表示燃氣渦輪機之負綱，議 圖 矣載。至負載斷路前係以職額定負載運轉(以 "不）’負載斷路後即以階梯狀降低至上述馬達9 亦表厂毛動力部分之負載（例如’為3〇%)的Μ點。為供比較’ '、义=在未由發電機供電至燃料氣體壓縮機用馬達之型式 之燃氣渴輪機係Μ梯狀降低至G%之A2點。 ' ()係表不伴隨負載斷路所產生之燃氣 轉速上升、及拉恢之 ^ 77及糟由流量控制閥10等入熱量控制（表示於圖 (8C))來抑制該轉速上升時之燃氣渦輪機2的轉速變化。橫 、〃寸間’以與上述圖8(a)及後述圖（8c)對應，縱轴係 以百刀率表不額定負載運轉時之額定轉速Nrat.為100%時 之轉速比例。 21 200905068 圖8(b)中之曲線b 1係表示未抑制負載斷路後之燃氣 渦輪機2的轉速上升而超過容許最大轉速（額定轉速之 110%之值）Nmax.的情況。為供比較，曲線B2係例示在未 由發電機供電至燃料氣體壓縮機用馬達之型式的燃氣渦 機，未抑制負載斷路後之轉速上升而超過容許最大轉速（額 定轉速之110%之值）Nmax_的情況。相對於同一入熱量， 本實施形態之燃氣渦輪機2的轉速（B1)係低於比較例的轉 速（B2)。此係因燃料氣體壓縮機用馬達9之消耗動力以負 載方式存在。曲線B3係' 表示在本實施形態之燃氣渦輪機 2，負載斷路時按照後述圖（8c)之燃料流量減少曲線c 1抑 制時的轉速變化。 圖（8c)係表示燃氣渦輪機2之負載斷路時，用以抑制 燃氣渦輪機2之轉速上升之流量控制閥1〇的開度變化。 橫軸表示時間，以與上述圖8⑷及後述圖⑽）對應。縱轴 雖表示流量控_ 10之開度(%)，但亦可視為燃料流量。 圖8(c)中實線之曲線C1係發生負載斷路時，為減少 燃氣渴輪機入熱量所須之關閥曲線’亦為燃料流量（減幻 曲線，以使燃氣渦輪機2之轉速不會超過容許最大值Nmax. (圖8(b))。另一方面，為供比較，一點鏈線所示之曲線c2， 係例示在未由發電機供電至燃料氣體壓縮機用馬達之型式 的燃氣渦輪機，為使燃氣渦輪機2之轉逮不會超過容許最 大值Nmax·(圖8(b))，所須之關閥曲線。 截至負載斷路前，係以流量控制閥1 〇之額定開度 (100%)urat. 1即能以該燃氣渴輪機2之額定入熱量的燃 22 200905068 料流量（額定燃料流量）Qrat·來運轉。負載斷路後，使控制 閥ίο以不低於小開度（稱為所須最小開度）1;_•的方式滅 少開度，該小開度係能使燃料流量維持燃氣渦輪機之無負 載額定轉速的所須最小流量（Qmin )。所須最小開度umin , 係為確保不至燃燒器3《失火限度之所須最小人熱量所設 定的燃料流量。然而，本實施形態之發電系統1中，由於 負載斷路後馬彡9之消耗動力亦以負載方式存在，因此相 對於所須最小開度Umin.可設於具有餘裕之開度（參照曲線 C1與Umin.之差）。另一方面，在未由發電機供電至燃料 氣體壓縮機用馬達之型式的燃氣渦輪機，則必須使流量控 制閥之開度接近於所須最小開度Umin.(參照曲線c2)。 由此等燃料流量減少曲線（C1、C2)之比較可知，本實 施形態之發電系統丨中，無須將流量控制閥1〇之開度縮 小至比較例系統的程度。此係因燃料氣體壓縮機用馬達9 之消耗動力以負載方式存在，而須要相當量之燃料。換言 之，意指本實施形態之燃氣渦輪機發電系統】中，當控制 負載斷路時之燃氣渦輪機2 _速時，㈣於燃丈堯器' 3之 失火限度，可進行具有餘裕之流量控制閥的控制。 以上，如圖8⑷至圖8(c)所示，因負载斷路燃氣渦輪 機2之負載由W 8⑷中之100%的A〇點以階梯狀降低至㈣ 的點時，本實施形態之系統控制U Μ，為抑制㈣ 渦輪機2之轉速急速上升，係將流量控制閥ι〇之開度設 在大於於所須最小開度Umin·之具有餘裕的開度(圖二: 曲線cn。如此，即可減少對燃氣渦輪機2之入熱量，直 23 200905068 結果，由負載解列且轉速開始急速上升之燃氣渦輪機，藉 由降低入熱量之結果的制動效應，便可防止超過容許最^ 轉速Nmax. ’並減速至額定轉速Nrat.附近（圖8(b)之曲線 B3)。 ' 糸統控制裝置7C . — ^ /V*»\ /1 口J JKfa 可使用例如習知公知之不均衡動力負載檢測的方^。當 然，不限定於此種方法。若可能亦可由燃氣渦輪機之轉: 訊號、燃料氣體壓縮機之出口壓力訊號、及來自 器之斷路訊號等以檢測負载急降。 、 …此外’於檢測出負載急降後，當系統控制裝置7 〇控制 流！控制閥10之關閥動作時，能以額定轉速N加為目標 值，來回授控制實際之燃氣渦輪機轉速。此外，亦可回二 控制其他燃氣渦輪機運轉狀態量。又，亦可模擬將燃氣^ 輪機由額定負載運轉轉變成負載急降後之情況模式化後之 =的關闊控制。將由該模擬結果得到之與負載急降時 制閥的開度等相關資料，預設於系統控制裳置70。此 夕’亦可在實際負載急降時選擇預設資料來執行。又 可將經過實際作業運轉得到 ’、 眘祖w 卞判之貫際貝枓（包含負載斷路時之 / 部分或全部模擬資料置換使用。亦即，亦可 -際運轉資料以修正模擬結果之預設資料來使用。 存二Ή統控制裝置7°裝備有CPU1 CPU係儲 仃上述控制所須之運算處理的程式 進行依，昭暫日车褚券沒六士 X頂叹貝科’並 上迷私式的運算處理。 4 24 200905068 系統控制裝置70，如上述般係控制燃氣渦輪機運轉之 全部動作。亦即，系統控制裝置70管理啟動（包含啟動準 備 π除、點火、同步投入、冷啟動、及暖啟動）、額定負 載轉轉、部分負載轉轉、停止、冷卻、及負載斷路等各運 轉模式。 ^以上說明之實施形態中，雖例示僅藉由燃氣渦輪機發 包之系、、先，但並不限定於此種構成。例如，即使是將蒸氣 °輪执與燃氣渦輪機亦一起在同軸上連接於發電機的複合 發電系統亦可。因可沿用習知燃燒高熱值氣體之燃氣渦輪 機發電系統的機器配置。 以上5兄明之實施形態中，雖例示BFG(高爐氣體）作為 所使用之低熱值副產氣體，但並不限定於此。低熱值氣體， 係包含輕爐氣體（LDG)或直接還原鐵法產生之副產氣體 (fi^ex氣體或c〇REX氣體）、熔融還原煉鋼法產生之副 產乳體。再者，煉鋼領域以外之低熱值氣體，係包含煤炭 層所含之煤炭層氣體（c〇G)、在GTL(Gas—t〇_Liquid)製 私產生之尾氣（Tail gas)、伴隨自油砂提煉油製程產生之副 ，氣體、因垃圾熱分解產生之氣體、纟包含廚餘之一般廢 讀的掩埋地於發酵、分解過程產生之可燃甲烧氣體（掩埋 =體）、及使其他類似原料產生化學反應伴隨產生之副產氣 體等低熱值氣體。當然，本來就包含單獨之上述氣體，亦 包含混合複數種不同氣體而成之氣體。 又，本發明並不限定於前述實施形態，在$逸脫本發 明主旨之範圍β，可變更、追加、或刪除該構成。 25 200905068 漏：=氣渴輪機發電系⑨，由於以由連接於燃氣 Γ: 機對燃料氣體㈣機之馬達供電的方式： 成，由於在負裁各机技屯旧々巧耩 度，因此易於：、牛夺負載不會大幅降低至習知技術之程 二 」工制其後燃氣渦輪機之轉速。因此，適合於 ,"J規疋負載斷路測試之燃氣渦輪機發電設備。' 【圖式簡單說明】 —一 w係概略表示包含本發明之燃氣渦輪機發電系統之 —貫:形態之燃氣渴輪機發電系統之m統圖。 圖%係表示本發明之燃氣渦輪機發電系統之電氣系統 之-例的系統圖，並表示運轉開始前的狀態。 圖3係圖2之系統圖，表示該燃氣渴輪機發電系統的 通常運轉狀態。 圖4係圖2之系統圖，表示該燃氣渦輪機發電系統之 負載斷路時的狀態。 圖5係表示本發明之燃氣渦輪機發電系統之電氣系統 之另一例的系統圖，並表示運轉開始前的狀態。 圖6係圖5之系統圖，表示該燃氣渦輪機發電系統的 通常運轉狀態。 圖7係圖5之系统圖，表示該燃氣渦輪機發電系統之 負載斷路時的狀態。 圖8(a)係表示燃氣渦輪機在負載斷路時之負載變化的 曲線圖，圖8(b)係表示於負載斷路藉由燃氣渦輪機入熱量 控制所產生之燃氣渦輪機轉速變化的曲線圖，圖8(c)係表 26 200905068 不對應於負載斷路所控制之流量控制閥開度變化的曲線 ® 9係表示具備習知燃燒低熱值氣體之燃氣滿輪 發電系統之一例的系統圖。 氣體之燃氣滿輪機之 氣體之燃氣渦輪機之 之燃氣渦輪機之發電 圖1 〇係表示具備習知燃燒低熱值 發電系統之另一例的系統圖。 圖11係表示具備習知燃燒低熱值 ^電系統之另一例的系統圖。 圖12係表示具備習知燃燒天然氣 二、、先之一例的系統圖。 _ 1 3係表7F具備s知燃燒天然氣之燃氣渦輪機 % ^ ^〈發電 *統之另一例的系統圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 燃氣渴輪機發電系統 2 燃氣渦輪機 3 燃燒器 4 燃料氣體供應配管 5 燃料氣體壓縮機 6 空氣壓縮機 7 發電機 8 變壓器 9 (燃料氣體壓縮機驅動用）馬達 1 〇 流量控制閥 27 200905068 11 第一母線路 12 第二母線路 13 發電機母線路 14a 〜14e 斷路器 14f 斷路器 15 啟動裝置 16 第一驅動用供電線路 17 第二驅動用供電線路 18 啟動裝置 70 系統控制裝置 S 氣體產生源 101 發電系統 102 發電系統 103 發電系統 104 燃氣渦輪機 105 蒸氣渦輪機 106 燃料氣體壓縮機 107 空氣壓縮機 108 燃燒器 109 發電機 no 旋轉驅動轴 111 變速齒輪 112 壓縮空氣供應配管 113 燃料氣體供應配管 28 200905068 114 流量控制閥 115 發電系統 116 發電系統 ί 29Negative negative but the actual load is not zero, but becomes the amount of 20 to 4%. Compared with the conventional gas turbine that does not consist of the power generator 7: the gas turbine, this part can suppress the rotation of the gas turbine 2 = rise ° because A ' does not need to make the supply of fuel gas impatience and extremely even 'even It is a large-diameter flow control valve 1G, which is also easy to control, and it is easy to control the rotational speed of the gas turbine 2. In addition, the higher the power consumption of the horse 9 is, the larger the residual load of the load turbine is. Therefore, by using this, the operating condition of the fuel gas compressor 5 can be adjusted at the load = time to adjust the motor 9; thereby, the rotational speed of the gas turbine 2 can be more easily controlled. In general, an axial compressor is used as the fuel gas compressor. The above-described fuel gas compressor 5 of the present embodiment also employs an axial flow compressor, and the pressure of the fuel gas can be adjusted by changing the inclination angle of the guide vanes on the fluid inlet side. In the electrical system shown in Figures 2 to 4, the first bus circuit 11 for starting the power supply of the gas turbine 2 and the power supply from the material of the generator 7 is used to start the fuel gas compression. The 18th 200905068 electric power supply of the machine motor 9 is not a mouth-and-mouth system. However, as shown in Figure 5, it is also the same as the 斤 丄 早 ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( The electric atmosphere system shown in Fig. 5 is the same as that of Fig. 2. Also brother - the mother line 丨 2. By the unrepresented Xiaoyan, Jingtian will pull the second drive power supply line from the generator bus line 丨3, from the flute to the _-mother line 1 1 through the generator bus line 13 and the brother-driver. The power supply line „ for the fuel gas compressor, the horse 9 9 should be activated. 篦1 Yun 9 power supply-the body power supply line 17 is connected to the line 13 part, and the bypass motor mother knife is bypassed. The connection point of the line 15a and the transformer 8 2: the second is not limited to this position. According to this configuration, the number of pieces of the circuit breaker (4) or the converter 8 can be reduced, and the bus line can be single-only ^: The difference from the electrical system shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 4 is only the wide-knife described above: the other constituent phase is @, and therefore the same reference numerals are attached to the same constituents, and the description thereof is omitted. The electrical system of the machine configuration that corresponds to the electrical system shown in Fig. 2 or Fig. 5 is not applied. The electrical system is also a gas thirst turbine 2 and a fuel gas compressor 5 for driving the gas turbine power generation system 1 described above, and an electric system for supplying electric power from the generator 7. Fig. 6 shows the state before the start of the operation of all the circuit breakers 14a, 14b, Uc, 丨W, 丨^, and the circuit breaker 14f on the wiring. That is, the power supply has been blocked. In the electric system shown in FIG. 5 or FIG. 5, the first driving power supply line 16 of the gas compressor motor 9 is connected between the motor 9 of the second driving power supply line 17 and its starting device 18 by the generator 7. section. However, in the electrical system of Fig. 6, the first driving power supply line 丨6 is connected to the upstream 19200905068 side of the motor starting device 18 of the second driving power supply line 17 (the second bus line 12 side of the starting device 18) ). According to this configuration, the present power generation system can be changed by the rotational speed of the motor starting device 8 and . Because the speed of the body retracting machine 5 (motor 9 is four, because the former and the local device as the motor starting device 18, it can be: static frequency conversion 9 speed. At this time, although the above can also be used: Since the second motor is used as the fuel gas friction machine 5, the axial compression type compressor of the leaf adjusts the gas compression rate. Therefore, the starter is used to determine the centrifugal compressor. 6 for the operation control of the system control device 7〇1. Fig. 6 '',:,: 'The machine power generation system is in contrast, the motor 9 starts the German..., 'The electric system of Fig. 2 The operation control in the state after the generator 7 is opposite to each other is different from each other. That is, even if the graph ^^: is synchronized from the electric and generator phases and voltages of the second bus line 12, The power supply path of the motor 9 is switched to the first drive power supply line 16 by the first drive power supply line 17. The power supply to the motor 9 by the generator 7 after the absence of the power supply is performed by having the frequency transfer start 18 纟. Therefore, the motor can be changed by the frequency conversion action of the motor starting device 18. According to (4), even if the fuel gas compressor 5 does not have a fluid pressure change force (guide vane, etc.), the gas of the fuel gas compression 贞5 can be changed by the control of the motor starting device 18. Compression ratio. Of course, there is no problem in using an axial-flow compressor with a vane. Figure 7 also shows a helium system that can be powered by the generator 7 through the motor starting device 18 to the motor 9. In the electrical system shown in Figure 7, If it is compared with Fig. 6 phase 20 200905068, it can be seen that there is no second busbar electric circuit connected to the generator bus line 13, and the second drive is used for the generator bus line 13 and the second driving line U. The lightning force line 17 of the motor 9 for the fuel gas compressor is supplied with a portion for starting the generator bus line 13 connected to the circuit 17, and between the connection point of the power supply line and the transformer 8. When the demon, = road The mother line... According to this configuration, it can be saved and squatted at the position. The root one is P by the same; the ^6 mother line is also explained by the Ministry of the eight # ^ electric rolling system, the phase point is only the above two The electrical system shown in Figure 6 is the same, so: the attached note The same reference numerals are used to omit the description thereof. The effect of the above-described operational control will be described with reference to Fig. 8. The second and fourth equations indicate the variation of the load of the gas turbine 2 when the load is disconnected. The negative of the turbine, the map is carried out. Before the load is disconnected, it is operated at the rated load (with "not)', and then the load is broken to the above-mentioned motor 9 and the load of the gross power of the factory (such as ' It is a defect of 3〇%). For comparison, ''=================================================================================== () The meter is not accompanied by the increase in the gas rotation speed caused by the load disconnection, and the heat recovery by the flow control valve 10 (shown in Fig. (8C)) to suppress the increase in the gas speed. The rotational speed of the turbine 2 changes. The horizontal and horizontal inches correspond to the above-described Fig. 8(a) and the later description (8c), and the vertical axis is the ratio of the rotational speed when the rated rotational speed Nrat. is 100% when the 100-knife rate is not rated. 21 200905068 The curve b 1 in Fig. 8(b) shows a case where the rotational speed of the gas turbine 2 after the load disconnection is not increased and exceeds the allowable maximum rotational speed (a value of 110% of the rated rotational speed) Nmax. For comparison, curve B2 exemplifies a gas turbine that is not powered by a generator to a motor for a fuel gas compressor, and does not suppress the increase in the rotational speed after the load is disconnected and exceeds the allowable maximum rotational speed (a value of 110% of the rated rotational speed). ) The case of Nmax_. The number of revolutions (B1) of the gas turbine 2 of the present embodiment is lower than the speed (B2) of the comparative example with respect to the same amount of heat input. This is due to the consuming power of the motor 9 for the fuel gas compressor being stored in a loaded manner. The curve B3 is a change in the number of revolutions in the gas turbine 2 of the present embodiment when the load is disconnected in accordance with the fuel flow rate reduction curve c1 of the figure (8c) which will be described later. Fig. 8(c) shows the change in the opening degree of the flow rate control valve 1A for suppressing the increase in the number of revolutions of the gas turbine 2 when the load of the gas turbine 2 is broken. The horizontal axis represents time and corresponds to FIG. 8 (4) and FIG. 10 (10) described later. Although the vertical axis indicates the opening degree (%) of the flow control _ 10, it can also be regarded as the fuel flow rate. In Figure 8(c), the curve C1 of the solid line is the closing curve to reduce the heat input to the gas turbine. When the load is broken, the fuel flow rate is also reduced (the curve is reduced so that the speed of the gas turbine 2 is not It will exceed the allowable maximum value Nmax. (Fig. 8(b)). On the other hand, for comparison, the curve c2 shown by the one-point chain line is exemplified as the type of motor that is not supplied by the generator to the fuel gas compressor motor. The gas turbine, in order to make the gas turbine 2 do not exceed the allowable maximum value Nmax · (Fig. 8 (b)), the required closing curve. Before the load is disconnected, the flow control valve 1 额定 is rated The opening degree (100%) urat. 1 can be operated by the fuel flow rate (rated fuel flow rate) Qrat· of the rated heat input of the gas turbine 2. After the load is broken, the control valve ίο is not lower than The small opening (referred to as the minimum opening required) 1;_• is used to eliminate the small opening, which is the minimum flow rate (Qmin) required to maintain the fuel flow at the unloaded rated speed of the gas turbine. The minimum opening umin is required to ensure that the minimum number of people required for the burner 3 However, in the power generation system 1 of the present embodiment, since the power consumption of the stirrup 9 is also in a load mode after the load is disconnected, the minimum opening degree Umin can be set to have a margin. Opening degree (refer to the difference between curves C1 and Umin.) On the other hand, in a gas turbine of a type that is not supplied by a generator to a motor for a fuel gas compressor, the opening of the flow control valve must be made close to The minimum opening degree Umin. (Refer to the curve c2). As can be seen from the comparison of the fuel flow rate reduction curves (C1, C2), in the power generation system of the present embodiment, it is not necessary to reduce the opening degree of the flow rate control valve 1 to the comparative example. The degree of the system is due to the power consumption of the motor 9 for the fuel gas compressor being loaded, and a considerable amount of fuel is required. In other words, the gas turbine power generation system of the present embodiment, when the load is controlled to be broken The gas turbine 2 _ speed, (4) in the fire limit of the burning ' '3, can be controlled by the flow control valve with margin. Above, as shown in Figure 8 (4) to Figure 8 (c), due to negative When the load of the disconnected gas turbine 2 is stepped down to the point of (4) from 100% of the points in W 8(4), the system of the present embodiment controls U Μ to suppress (4) the rapid increase in the rotational speed of the turbine 2, and the flow rate is The opening of the control valve ι〇 is set to have a margin greater than the required minimum opening Umin· (Fig. 2: curve cn. Thus, the heat input to the gas turbine 2 can be reduced, straight 23 200905068 results, The gas turbine, which is disengaged by the load and whose speed starts to rise rapidly, can prevent the exceeding of the allowable maximum speed Nmax. ' and decelerate to the vicinity of the rated speed Nrat. by reducing the braking effect of the heat input (Fig. 8(b) Curve B3). 'System control unit 7C. — ^ /V*»\ /1 Port J JKfa can use, for example, the well-known unbalanced dynamic load detection method. Of course, it is not limited to this method. If possible, it can also be transferred by the gas turbine: the signal, the outlet pressure signal of the fuel gas compressor, and the disconnection signal from the generator to detect the sudden drop of the load. , ... In addition, after detecting a sudden drop in load, the system control unit 7 controls the flow! When the valve of the control valve 10 is actuated, the rated speed N can be added as a target value to control the actual gas turbine speed. In addition, you can control the amount of other gas turbines operating. In addition, it is also possible to simulate a wide control that converts a gas turbine from a rated load operation to a load after a sudden drop. The data obtained from the simulation result and the opening degree of the load drop valve are preset to the system control set 70. This eve can also be performed by selecting a preset data when the actual load drops. It is also possible to use the actual operation to get ', the ancestor of the ancestor's judgment (including the replacement of some or all of the simulation data during the load disconnection. That is, the operation data can also be used to correct the simulation results) Set the data to use. The storage system is equipped with a CPU1 CPU system to store the calculations required for the above-mentioned control, and there is no such thing as a six-day X-top singer. Private calculation processing. 4 24 200905068 The system control device 70 controls all operations of the gas turbine operation as described above. That is, the system control device 70 manages startup (including startup preparation π division, ignition, synchronous input, cold start). , and warm start), rated load transfer, partial load transfer, stop, cooling, and load disconnection, etc. ^In the above-described embodiment, the example is only issued by the gas turbine. However, it is not limited to such a configuration. For example, a composite power generation system in which a steam gas wheel and a gas turbine are coaxially connected to a generator may be used. The machine arrangement of the gas turbine power generation system for burning a high calorific value gas is exemplified. In the embodiment of the above-mentioned five brothers, BFG (blast furnace gas) is exemplified as the low calorific value by-product gas to be used, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The gas includes a by-product gas (fi^ex gas or c〇REX gas) produced by a light furnace gas (LDG) or a direct reduced iron method, and a by-product milk produced by a smelting reduction steelmaking method. Other low calorific value gases include coal layer gas (c〇G) contained in the coal layer, Tail gas produced by GTL (Gas-t〇_Liquid), and accompanying oil sand refining process. The gas, the gas generated by the thermal decomposition of waste, the general waste of the food waste, the flammable combustion gas produced during the fermentation and decomposition process (buried = body), and the chemical reaction of other similar materials A low calorific value gas such as a by-product gas is produced. Of course, the gas alone is included, and a gas obtained by mixing a plurality of different gases is also included. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and is The range β of the present invention can be changed, added, or deleted. 25 200905068 Leakage: = gas turbine power generation system 9, because of the way of supplying power to the motor of the fuel gas (four) machine connected to the gas cylinder: : Cheng, because of the old tricks in the negative cutting machine, it is easy:: The load of the cow will not be greatly reduced to the speed of the conventional technology, the speed of the gas turbine. Therefore, it is suitable for , "J gas turbine power generation equipment with load breaking test. ' [Simple diagram of the diagram] - a w system outlines the gas turbine power generation system including the gas turbine power generation system of the present invention Fig. % is a system diagram showing an example of an electrical system of the gas turbine power generation system of the present invention, and shows a state before the start of operation. Figure 3 is a system diagram of Figure 2 showing the normal operating state of the gas turbine power generation system. Fig. 4 is a system diagram of Fig. 2 showing the state of the gas turbine power generation system when the load is broken. Fig. 5 is a system diagram showing another example of the electric system of the gas turbine power generation system of the present invention, and shows a state before the start of the operation. Figure 6 is a system diagram of Figure 5 showing the normal operating state of the gas turbine power generation system. Fig. 7 is a system diagram of Fig. 5 showing the state of the gas turbine power generation system when the load is disconnected. Figure 8(a) is a graph showing the load change of the gas turbine when the load is broken, and Figure 8(b) is a graph showing the change of the gas turbine speed generated by the gas turbine heat input control during the load disconnection. Fig. 8(c) is a table of the gas flow control system which is not related to the change of the opening degree of the flow control valve controlled by the load disconnection, and is a system diagram showing an example of a gas full-wheel power generation system having a conventional combustion low-calorific value gas. Gas-fired Gas Turbine Gas Turbine Gas Turbine Power Generation Figure 1 shows a system diagram with another example of a conventional combustion low-heat value power generation system. Fig. 11 is a system diagram showing another example of a conventional combustion low-heat value electric system. Fig. 12 is a system diagram showing a conventional example of burning natural gas. _ 1 3 Series Table 7F has a system diagram of another example of a gas turbine that is known to burn natural gas. [Explanation of main components] 1 Gas turbine power generation system 2 Gas turbine 3 Burner 4 Fuel gas supply piping 5 Fuel gas compressor 6 Air compressor 7 Generator 8 Transformer 9 (fuel gas compressor drive) motor 1 〇Flow control valve 27 200905068 11 First bus line 12 Second bus line 13 Generator bus line 14a ～14e Circuit breaker 14f Circuit breaker 15 Starting device 16 First driving power supply line 17 Second driving power supply line 18 Starting device 70 System control device S Gas generation source 101 Power generation system 102 Power generation system 103 Power generation system 104 Gas turbine 105 Steam turbine 106 Fuel gas compressor 107 Air compressor 108 Burner 109 Generator no Rotary drive shaft 111 Transmission gear 112 Compressed air supply piping 113 Fuel gas supply piping 28 200905068 114 Flow control valve 115 Power generation system 116 Power generation system ί 29