200842161 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關於一種生物分解塑膠相容化劑配方，詳而言之係關於一 種可視下游加工所需之特性，而調配出易於單獨加工，且不含無法進入生 物分解機制之相容化劑配方。 【先前技術】 按，塑膠材料係在2 0世紀初首次問世，因其具有質輕耐用、成本便 S、加工容易等優點，因此更被廣泛的運用於各行各業中，現今社會亦隨 處可見有塑膠材質之成品；然而’塑膠係人類化學科技突破性的產物，其 原本並不存在於自然界中，也因此自然界中尚未演化出相對應於塑膠之分 解細菌或酵素’塑膠材質之成品在使職，大量的轉垃圾將造成環保與 生態上的危害，若將其焚制會產生有錢體，而掩埋歸又需要相當長 的時間才會分解，由此可知瓣賴讀_，但其後續之城處理則相 當不易； 塑膠之便繼難以取代，但其科又堪稱世紀之毒，縣環保意識漸 為減I:跡所造成之汙染，因此製作研發具有—般娜機能，但在使 用後卻又可被細菌作用而分解的塑膠產品，遂成為相關業界研究人員努力 之目標，具有上述特性之物質，則通稱為生物分解塑膠。 生物刀解塑膠為了在使用後能盡快進入細菌分解的機制，大都屬於脂 肪族聚s旨材料，錄在綠後親強度太差、黏度不易㈣、欄财熱性 不佳，故難以單獨加工，必須利用合膠的方式改良物性及加工性，但因合 心有許夕不確疋因素，包括機成分列或有害，製作過程繁讀，易 5 200842161 •增加4及操作誤差等缺失，雜令個者無法安錢用，更使整體成本 提南等，品質亦無法均一控制； 有鑑於上述生物分解塑膠加工合膠方式之缺失，遂有業者提出相關改 善之方式，請參閱中華民國專利巾請案號9 3丄i 86 i以，『生物分解 性塑膠之組成物及其製造方法』，該之組成物主要係從現有合成生物分 解聚合物巾，選擇含自旨基特賴巾長鏈賴共聚物，再與變㈣粉、親和 9丨及/、他助^|共同組成為原料，雖然該前案成份巾不含環保署限塑政策所 着 規定之PE (聚乙稀）、PP (聚丙烯）、ps (聚苯乙烯），或pvc (聚 氣乙烯）荨四種成分’但由該前案之說明書與申請專利範圍中可知，其所 使用之含s旨基特徵的中長鏈烯類共聚物為EVA(乙烯/醋酸乙烯醋共聚 物）EVOH(乙烯/乙烯醇共聚物）或EAA(乙烯/丙烯酸/醋酸酯 共聚物）之共聚混合物，上述之£VA、Ev〇H、EAA等亦非生物分 解材料，岐屬於無法軌生物分纖制之；5油基（f ◦ s s丨1 b a S e d r e s i n)製作之相容化劑； 是以，上述前案所含組成成份，雖不屬於環保署限塑政策所規定之？ E、pP、PS或PVC，但其使用之相容化劑仍難以被細菌分解，而失 去生物分解塑膠之設計良善用意，因此就整體而言，其可說是相當的不具 有實用性，仍有加以改良之必要。 【發明内容】 本發明之主要目的係在於提供一種生物分解塑膠相容化劑配方，其可 改善習用之生物分解塑膠難以單獨加工、特性難以控制，或需添加非生物 200842161 分解材料等缺失。 為達成前叙個目的，本發明之錄分趣雜容侧配方，其主 要係包括一相容化劑與一耦合劑，該輕合劑係包括： 反應起始劑’其係提供生物材料之間反應共聚條件，使其具反應性； 夕B能基單體或多官能基化合物，其係提供不同材料間界面官能基 使其反應共聚； — —稀_，__制_釋具反紐之單體，據以㈣在適當條 件下長時間有效地進行反應； 一穩定劑，主要是穩定反應起始瓶h能基單體，令其在適當的反 應條件下才起始反應； 而該相容化劑係包括有聚乳酸，以及下列物質中之至少一種：脂肪族 聚酯共聚物、聚琥珀酸丁酯、聚己内酯、改質澱粉； 本發明是將特別經過調製之生物分解材料，利用傳統具有加熱單元之 押出機，共聚改質成為生物分解塑膠相容化劑，可增黏生物分解單一樹脂， 或配合下游加工所需之特性再調配利於吹膜、射出、製片、等各種加工流 程之應用，據以製造出生物分解塑膠。 【實施方式】 本創作係有關於一種生物分解塑膠相容化劑配方，本發明不包括無法 進入生物分解機制之其他高分子材料，該相容化劑配方主要係包括一搞合 劑與一相容化劑，其中該耦合劑約佔〇· 1至3〇15111^(£)6『hun dred ratio of resin)，且該耦合劑與相容化劑之成 7 200842161 • 份係可視下游加工所需之特性而做調整； 該耦合劑之成份包括： 反應起H 1¾反應起始劑之添加量佔輕合劑整體之〇· 1至1 〇 /6 4反應起始齡要舰伽提供生物材料之間反應共聚條件，令具 酉夂醇（A L KYD)基之生物材料活性化，並使其具反應性·，該反應起始 劑可為過氧化物（Peroxide); -多s能基單體或多官能基化合物，該多官能基單體或多官能基化合 物之添加量_合雛體之〇· 9至9 Q%，鮮官能基賴或多官能基化 合物主要係做為提供兩種不同材料間之界面官能基使其反應共聚；該多官 能基單體可為下列物質之至少-種：酸酐類之馬林酸酐（Me i a丨c A nhydr i de)、醋酸酐（Ace t ic Anhydride)、壓 克力酸肝（Ac ry lie Anhydride)或酰胺（Ami de) 之單體； 一稀釋劑，該稀釋劑主要係可稀釋具反應性之單體，令其在適當條件 下可保持長時間有效地進行反應；該稀釋劑至少包括一種以上之混合型有 機或無機溶劑，其中以無反應性無水之揮發性極性溶劑為最佳； 一穩定劑，該穩定劑之添加量佔耦合劑整體之〇· 3至3 0%，該穩定 制主要係用以穩定反應起始劑及多官能基早體或多官能基化合物，控制其 在適當的反應條件下才起始反應；該穩定劑可為一種以上之石蠟，或為具 有碳原子之植物性或動物性油脂。 該相容化劑之成份係包括：單一之聚乳酸（P L A )，或由聚乳酸添加 8 200842161 ‘ 量2 0至8 0%，再辅以下列生物材料：脂肪族聚酯共聚物（pbAT)、 聚琥珀酸丁酯（P B S )、聚己内酯（p c L )或改質澱粉（Mo d i f i e d s t a i： c h )之至少一種，其中添加脂肪族聚酯共聚物、聚琥珀 酸丁酯、聚己内酯時之總添加量為2 〇至8 〇%，而添加改質澱粉時之添 加量則為1至15 0 p h r。 本發明生物分解塑膠相容化劑配方係將上述之成份，配合習知具有加 熱單元之押出機，共聚改質成為生物分解塑膠相容化劑，在適當的混合時 間及咼壓剪切下均勻共聚混練造粒，並進行不同配比之生物分解相容化劑 之物性a平比，包括抗折性、抗拉性、耐衝擊性、及不同溫度下之流變特性， 以適合不同規格之下游加工，比較不同配比之相容化劑實際添加單一聚乳 酸樹脂（P L A r e s i Π) t作模押發泡產品，確認效果，如此可增 黏生物分解單-樹脂，利於下游之吹膜、射出、製片、及加工之應用； 該成份之調配係可視下游加工所需之特性而做調整，請參閱第一圖， 其係3 0種不同成分配方之樣本，而第二圖則係取第一圖中任意8麵本 、做為測試比較，並列出其各項特性之數據，其中以-般最重視之耐衝平均 值為例’圖二之樣本i之耐衝平均值為8 7. 2 4，而其材料翠價則為9 6. 25 ’P/c (Per fQrmance/CGs t)值為〇 91，整體 而5為最符經濟效益之配方；而若對於耐衝程度要求並不相當高，則可改 採如樣本2或樣本3之财，其耐衝程度與p/c值雖較樣本g，但整 體之成本則可減少；其餘抗拉、抗折等物性亦同。 " 本發明所使用之押出機，其螺桿元件規格則請參閱附件_，該附件— 200842161 之附圖1係由模頭至主料口各段之規格詳載，而附件一之附 〇 01 王 2 d 則為該螺桿元件之實體照片； 續請參閱附圖3與附圖4，其係分別於1 4 5°c以及1 6 5。(：下之 桿轉速與樣本黏歷表，射_標為鱗餘，難標則為螺桿轉 速，據以混合出所需黏滯係數成品； 本發明之生物分解塑膠相容化劑配方係可針對下游加工特性所需而調 配不同成份，請再參閱附件-附圖5，其中上排左i、左2係為加入本發 明之相谷化劑後之發泡成果，而其餘未加入之樣品，如下排左1、左2， 則因熔融強度不佳而收縮或齡，無法得到良好之成品；再請參_件一 附圖6，其係本發明根據不同下游加工特性需求，加入不同比例配方所製 出之成品，每一成品之發泡效果皆不同，但皆具有良好之發泡效果，故可 得知本發明確具有練單獨加玉，且*含無法進人生物分觸制之相容化 劑配方之效。 由上所述者僅為用以解釋本創作之較佳實施例，並非企圖據以對本創 作做任何形式上之限制，是以，凡有在相同之創作精神下所做有關本創作 之任何修飾或變更者，皆仍應包括林_賴碰之範嘴内。 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖係本創作3 〇種樣本調配比例之表格。 第-圖係其巾㈣樣本之特性與p erfQrmanee/eQst值分析表。 【主要元件符號說明】200842161 IX. INSTRUCTIONS OF THE INVENTION: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a biodegradable plastic compatibilizer formulation, which in particular relates to a characteristic required for visible downstream processing, and is formulated to be easily processed separately. It does not contain a compatibilizer formulation that does not enter the biodegradation mechanism. [Previous technology] According to the introduction of plastic materials, it was first introduced in the early 20th century. Because of its advantages of light weight and durability, cost, and easy processing, it is widely used in all walks of life. Nowadays, society can be seen everywhere. There is a finished product of plastic material; however, 'the plastic product is a breakthrough product of human chemistry technology, which originally did not exist in nature. Therefore, the natural product has not evolved the corresponding decomposition of bacteria or enzymes of plastics. Jobs, a large amount of rubbish will cause environmental and ecological hazards. If it is burned, it will produce rich bodies, and it will take a long time for the burial to be decomposed, so that it can be seen _, but its follow-up The treatment of the city is quite difficult; the plastic is difficult to replace, but its science is also known as the poison of the century, the county's environmental awareness is gradually reduced by the pollution caused by the traces, so the production and development has the function of the like, but in use After that, the plastic products that can be decomposed by bacteria can become the target of researchers in the relevant industry. The substances with the above characteristics are commonly known as biodegradable plastics. gum. In order to get into the mechanism of bacterial decomposition as soon as possible after use, bio-knife-removing plastics are mostly fat-rich materials. After being recorded in green, the strength is too poor, the viscosity is not easy (4), and the column is not hot enough, so it is difficult to process it separately. The use of glue to improve physical properties and processability, but because of the unclear factors, including the composition of the machine or harmful, the production process is readable, easy 5 200842161 • increased 4 and operational errors, etc., miscellaneous Those who can't use the money can make the whole cost increase, and the quality can't be uniformly controlled. In view of the lack of the above-mentioned biodegradable plastic processing and glue-binding method, the manufacturer has proposed the relevant improvement method. Please refer to the Republic of China patent towel request. No. 9 3丄i 86 i, "Composition of biodegradable plastic and its manufacturing method", the composition is mainly from the existing synthetic biodegradable polymer towel, and the selection of the long-chain copolymerization of the base The substance is further composed of the ingredients of the (4) powder, the affinity 9丨 and//he help^|, although the ingredients of the former case do not contain the PE (polyethylene) and PP (poly) specified by the EPA's plastic limit policy. Alkene, ps (polystyrene), or pvc (polyethylene) 荨 four components', but it is known from the scope of the specification and the patent application, the medium-long olefins containing the s-based characteristics The copolymer is a copolymer mixture of EVA (ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer) EVOH (ethylene/vinyl alcohol copolymer) or EAA (ethylene/acrylic acid/acetate copolymer), the above-mentioned £VA, Ev〇H, EAA, etc. It is also not a biodegradable material, which is a non-track biofibril; 5 oil-based (f ◦ ss丨1 ba S edresin) compatibilizer; therefore, the composition of the above-mentioned previous case, although not What is required by the EPA's plastics policy? E, pP, PS or PVC, but the compatibilizer used in it is still difficult to be decomposed by bacteria, and the design of the biodegradable plastic is lost, so on the whole, it can be said to be quite unpractical. There is still a need to improve. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The main object of the present invention is to provide a biodegradable plastic compatibilizer formulation which can improve the conventional biodegradable plastics, which are difficult to process separately, have difficult to control properties, or require the addition of non-biological 200842161 decomposition materials. In order to achieve the foregoing objectives, the recording and dispensing side of the present invention mainly comprises a compatibilizing agent and a coupling agent, and the light combining agent comprises: a reaction initiator which is provided between the biological materials Reactive copolymerization conditions, making it reactive; Ban B energy-based monomer or polyfunctional compound, which provides interfacial functional groups between different materials for reaction copolymerization; - dilute _, __ system _ release Monomer, according to (4) effective reaction under suitable conditions for a long time; a stabilizer, mainly to stabilize the reaction starting bottle h-energy monomer, so that it starts the reaction under appropriate reaction conditions; The bulking agent comprises polylactic acid, and at least one of the following: an aliphatic polyester copolymer, polybutyl succinate, polycaprolactone, modified starch; the present invention is a specially prepared biodegradable material By using a conventional extruder with a heating unit, the copolymerization is modified into a biodegradable plastic compatibilizer, which can be used to strengthen the biodegradable single resin, or to be blended with the characteristics required for downstream processing to facilitate blown film, injection, tableting, etc. each Processing flow of the application, according to manufacture a biodegradable plastic. [Embodiment] The present invention relates to a biodegradable plastic compatibilizer formulation, and the present invention does not include other polymer materials that cannot enter the biodegradation mechanism, and the compatibilizer formulation mainly includes a compounding agent and a compatible agent. The couplant, wherein the couplant comprises about 至1 to 3〇15111^(£)6『hun dred ratio of resin, and the couplant and the compatibilizing agent are formed. 7 200842161 • The parts are required for downstream processing The characteristics of the couplant include: The reaction starts from the H 13⁄4 reaction initiator and the addition amount of the light mixture is 整体·1 to 1 〇/6 4 The initial age of the reaction is required to provide the biomaterial between the materials The reaction copolymerization conditions activate the biomaterial having a sterol (AL KYD) group and make it reactive. The reaction initiator can be a peroxide (Peroxide); - a multi-s-energy monomer or Polyfunctional compound, the amount of the polyfunctional monomer or polyfunctional compound added _ 9 to 9 Q% of the merging body, fresh functional lysine or polyfunctional compound is mainly used to provide two different materials Interfacial functional group to copolymerize the reaction; the polyfunctional The base monomer may be at least one of the following: an anhydride anhydride, a acetylene anhydride, an ace tic anhydride, an Acrylic Anhydride or a monomer of amide (Ami de); a diluent which is mainly capable of diluting a reactive monomer so that it can be efficiently reacted under suitable conditions for a long period of time; the diluent includes at least one or more a mixed organic or inorganic solvent, wherein a volatile polar solvent which is non-reactive anhydrous is preferred; a stabilizer which is added in an amount of 3 3 to 30% of the total amount of the coupling agent, the main system of the stabilization system For stabilizing the reaction initiator and the polyfunctional early or polyfunctional compound, controlling it to start the reaction under appropriate reaction conditions; the stabilizer may be more than one paraffin or a botanical having carbon atoms Or animal fats. The composition of the compatibilizer includes: a single polylactic acid (PLA), or a polylactic acid added 8 200842161 'a quantity of 20 to 80%, supplemented by the following biological materials: aliphatic polyester copolymer (pbAT) At least one of polybutyl succinate (PBS), polycaprolactone (pc L ) or modified starch (Mo difiedstai: ch ), wherein an aliphatic polyester copolymer, polybutyl succinate, poly hexene is added The total addition amount of the ester is 2 〇 to 8 〇%, and the addition amount of the modified starch is 1 to 150 phr. The biodegradable plastic compatibilizer formulation of the invention combines the above components with a conventional extruder with a heating unit, copolymerizes and transforms into a biodegradable plastic compatibilizer, and is uniformly distributed under appropriate mixing time and pressure shearing. Copolymerization and granulation, and the physical properties of a different ratio of biodegradable compatibilizer, including flexural resistance, tensile strength, impact resistance, and rheological properties at different temperatures, to suit different specifications Downstream processing, comparing different proportions of compatibilizers, actually adding a single polylactic acid resin (PLA resi Π) t as a mold foaming product, confirming the effect, so that the biodegradable single-resin can be viscous, which is favorable for downstream blowing film, Application for injection, filming, and processing; the blending of this component can be adjusted according to the characteristics required for downstream processing. Please refer to the first figure, which is a sample of 30 different ingredients, while the second drawing is taken. In the first figure, any 8 faces are used as test comparisons, and the data of each characteristic are listed. Among them, the average value of the average value of the average is taken as an example. The average value of the sample i of Figure 2 is 8 7 2 4, and The material price is 9 6. 25 'P/c (Per fQrmance/CGs t) is 〇91, overall and 5 is the most economical formula; and if the requirements for impact resistance are not quite high, then If the recovery is as good as sample 2 or sample 3, the impact resistance and p/c value are lower than the sample g, but the overall cost can be reduced; the rest of the physical properties such as tensile and flexural resistance are the same. " The extruder used in the present invention, the screw component specifications, please refer to the attachment _, the annex - 200842161 Figure 1 is detailed from the die to the main section of the specification, and attached to the attachment 01 King 2d is a physical photograph of the screw element; Continuing to refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4, which are at 1 4 5 ° C and 165 respectively. (: the lower rod rotation speed and the sample viscosity calendar, the shot_mark is the scale residue, the hard label is the screw speed, according to which the desired viscosity coefficient is mixed; the biodegradable plastic compatibilizer formula of the invention can be For the different processing requirements for the downstream processing characteristics, please refer to the attachment - Figure 5, wherein the upper row left i, left 2 is the foaming result after adding the phase sulfatizing agent of the invention, and the remaining unincorporated samples , as shown in the left and left 2 rows below, the shrinkage or age due to poor melt strength, can not get a good finished product; please refer to Figure 6, which is based on the different downstream processing characteristics of the present invention, adding different proportions The finished product made by the formula has different foaming effects for each finished product, but all have good foaming effect. Therefore, it can be known that the present invention has the practice of separately adding jade, and *including the inability to enter the biological parting system. The effect of the compatibilizer formulation. The above is only a preferred embodiment for explaining the present creation, and is not intended to impose any form restrictions on the creation, so that in the same creative spirit Any modifications made to this creation or In addition, they should all be included in the mouth of Lin _ 碰 。 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 /eQst value analysis table. [Main component symbol description]